EP1128239B1 - Portable object, in particular time piece, incorporating a piezo-electric transducer for manually introducing data - Google Patents

Portable object, in particular time piece, incorporating a piezo-electric transducer for manually introducing data Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1128239B1
EP1128239B1 EP00200646A EP00200646A EP1128239B1 EP 1128239 B1 EP1128239 B1 EP 1128239B1 EP 00200646 A EP00200646 A EP 00200646A EP 00200646 A EP00200646 A EP 00200646A EP 1128239 B1 EP1128239 B1 EP 1128239B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
piezoelectric transducer
portable object
object according
voltage
transistor
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP00200646A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1128239A1 (en
Inventor
Jean-Jacques Born
Jean-Pierre Wattenhofer
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Asulab AG
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Asulab AG
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Priority to EP00200646A priority Critical patent/EP1128239B1/en
Priority to AT00200646T priority patent/ATE434782T1/en
Priority to DE60042444T priority patent/DE60042444D1/en
Publication of EP1128239A1 publication Critical patent/EP1128239A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1128239B1 publication Critical patent/EP1128239B1/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04G—ELECTRONIC TIME-PIECES
    • G04G21/00—Input or output devices integrated in time-pieces
    • G04G21/08—Touch switches specially adapted for time-pieces
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04G—ELECTRONIC TIME-PIECES
    • G04G13/00—Producing acoustic time signals
    • G04G13/02—Producing acoustic time signals at preselected times, e.g. alarm clocks
    • G04G13/021—Details

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a portable object such as, in particular, a timepiece, comprising a piezoelectric transducer for the manual introduction of data. More particularly, the present invention aims to use the piezoelectric transducer operating as a sound generator in an alarm wristwatch to perform the function of a push switch.
  • the ice are manually operated by axial pressure on the edge of the ice.
  • the ice must be slightly mobile.
  • the ice is elastically mounted relative to the box by means of a rigid rubber ring.
  • the piezoelectric sensors are connected to an electrical circuit arranged under the dial and which detects the pressures exerted on these sensors.
  • the invention described in the Junghans patent provides a wristwatch that is devoid of rod or push button and is therefore less expensive to manufacture and a more attractive aesthetic appearance.
  • the watch functions of this watch are controlled by simple mechanical pressure on piezoelectric sensors which, in response to this solicitation, produce a voltage that acts on the desired watch function via an appropriate electronic circuit.
  • the Junghans watch has unfortunately some drawbacks among which we can mention the fact that the ice must be mounted slightly movable, which poses significant problems of adjustment of this ice compared to the watch case. These problems of course have a negative impact on manufacturing costs and are only partially solved by the use of a rigid ring. rubber disposed between said ice and the middle of said box. Indeed, because of its rigidity, the rubber ring can hardly compensate for the games between the ice and the watch case, so that a good seal can not be guaranteed. The risks of moisture entering the watch are therefore important which, it will be easily understood, is not acceptable. Similarly, solid particles can be housed between the rubber ring and the ice and seize the operation of the mechanism.
  • the Junghans system is activated by a succession of mechanical pressures exerted on the ice of the watch. Under these pressures, the piezoelectric sensors deform and generate a voltage that is applied to the input of an electronic circuit of interpretation. In response to this signal, the electronic circuit will act on the desired horological function.
  • the repetition of these pressures may, after a while, damage or even put the sensors out of use. Above all, it is not easy for the user to exert sufficient pressure to actuate the sensors without being excessive and risk damaging these sensors.
  • a timepiece comprising means for displaying at least one piece of information and a case formed of an upper part comprising an ice covering the display means and a bottom part delimited by a bottom located underneath.
  • said display means said object comprising a piezoelectric transducer producing an electrical voltage when a mechanical pressure is exerted on said upper part, the voltage produced by the piezoelectric transducer being applied to a first electronic circuit which will generate a logic signal in response to the pressure exerted, this electronic circuit being arranged inside said housing, said piezoelectric transducer being arranged in the lower part of said housing and is rigidly connected to this housing.
  • the mechanical pressure that accompanies the manual introduction of data can be exerted anywhere on the surface of the ice.
  • the wrist of the wearer of the watch exerts a reaction force on the housing.
  • the latter then deforms very slightly, whether plastic, metal or other.
  • the piezoelectric transducer is rigidly connected to this housing, it is deformed by the deformations of the housing and typically generates an electrical voltage in response to this deformation. This is no more likely to damage the transducer under the effect of too high mechanical pressure.
  • the transducer which is no longer wedged between a fixed part and a moving part, can withstand a very large number of successive pressures without its physical characteristics being degraded over time.
  • the watch crystal is fixedly mounted relative to the case of said watch, for example by gluing or ultrasonic welding or by driving with interposition of a seal between the ice and the box.
  • the waterproofness of the watch is thus not impaired and the construction of such a watch is very simple and therefore inexpensive.
  • Such a device is a watch whose watch functions can be controlled by simple mechanical pressure on the ice.
  • the watch may be devoid of rod or push button, which further reduces its manufacturing costs.
  • tactile pressure data entry systems which use, for example, capacitive, inductive, ultrasonic or infrared keys.
  • the disadvantage of such systems lies in the fact that before they can be used, they must be placed in an active mode of receiving commands in which they consume electric current.
  • the portable object described in US 4,769,797 further comprises a second electronic circuit that operates the piezoelectric transducer as a source of vibration for a sound generator.
  • the same piezoelectric transducer can be used both as a sound generator for an alarm device, for example in an electronic wristwatch, and as a means for introducing data by mechanical pressure on the ice of this watch.
  • Such an embodiment is, it will be easily understood, particularly advantageous. It reduces the number of components used, and therefore the volume that these components occupy in the box, and limit manufacturing costs.
  • the present invention relates to a portable object of the type indicated in the preamble of claim 1 (described in US 47 69 797 and characterized by the features of the characterizing portion of claim 1. Optional features are described in the dependent claims.
  • the present invention is not limited to such a timepiece and, in particular, a wristwatch, the present invention is not limited to such a timepiece and can easily be applied any other portable object in which is arranged a piezoelectric transducer for the manual introduction of data.
  • the timepiece 1 conventionally comprises a housing 2 provided with a middle part 4 and a bottom 6 which delimits the housing 2 in its lower part.
  • the bottom 6 is made in one piece with the middle part 4.
  • the housing 2 can be made, for example, of a plastic material according to well-known injection techniques. The present invention is not limited to the choice of such a material and the housing 2 can be made of any type of material adapted to the needs of the watch industry such as, in particular, steel.
  • the timepiece 1 also comprises a horometric movement 8 mounted in a casing ring 10.
  • This movement 8 is supplied with current by an electric battery 12 which can, if necessary, be recharged after exhaustion.
  • the battery 12 shown schematically on the figure 1 typically has the shape of a pellet. It can be housed in the bottom 6 of the watch 1.
  • the lower face of the battery 12 which constitutes one of its poles is electrically connected to the mass of the watch 1, for example by means of a contact with spring 13 fixed on the bottom 6 of said watch 1.
  • the other pole of the battery 12 which is constituted by its upper face is, in the usual way, electrically connected to the horometric movement 8.
  • the housing 2 is delimited by an ice 14 covering display means 16 of a time information.
  • these display means 16 consist of a dial 18 above which move an hour hand 20, a minute hand 22 and a second hand 24. It is therefore analog means of displaying the time. It could also be digital display means constituted by a liquid crystal cell.
  • the housing 2 comprises at its upper periphery a notch 26 in which is engaged a telescope 28 which ensures the attachment of the lens 14 to the housing 2.
  • the bezel 28 is fixedly mounted on the housing 2, for example by gluing or by ultrasonic welding or else by driving.
  • the window 14 is sealed against the housing 2 by the use of a seal 30 wedged between the window and the housing.
  • a piezoelectric transducer 32 is arranged in the lower part of the case 2 of the watch 1 and is rigidly connected to this case 2.
  • This transducer 32 can be used for the sole purpose of introducing data into the watch 1.
  • the transducer 32 is used both as a sound generator for the alarm device of watch 1, and as a means for introducing data by successive mechanical pressure on the glass 14 of this watch 1.
  • the piezoelectric transducer 32 consists of an element made, for example, of a piezoelectric ceramic. This element may have, without limitation, a circular shape, its diameter typically being between ten and fifteen millimeters, and its thickness being of the order of a few tenths of millimeters.
  • this element is bonded between two upper metal electrodes 34 and lower 36.
  • the lower electrode 36 is rigidly connected to the bottom 6 of the housing 2 by any appropriate means such as, for example, by gluing.
  • the electrodes 34, 36 are connected via an electronic circuit 38 for training and interpretation which will be described in detail with reference to FIG. figure 2 at the terminals of the electric battery 12 by means of contact strips respectively 34a and 36a.
  • the electrical circuit 38 whose diagram is shown in FIG. figure 2 comprises, connected to the output of switching means comprising a transistor T R0 alternately passing and blocked, a coil L 1 .
  • the piezoelectric transducer 32 is connected in parallel to the coil L 1 .
  • This electrical circuit 38 receives, on an input connection "a", a pulsed pulse control signal corresponding to that shown in curve A of FIG. figure 3 whose abscissa represents the time "t" and the ordinate the voltage "v”. From the input terminal "a”, this signal is applied to the base of the transistor T R0 via a resistor R 0 .
  • the electrical circuit 38 for training and interpretation shown in FIG. figure 2 comprises, firstly, a capacitor C 1 mounted between the coil L 1 and the transducer 32.
  • the impedance of the coil L 1 is low, so that it plays practically the role of a short circuit. Therefore, the variation of the voltage at the connection point "b" of the transducer 32 is also small. To remedy this problem, the capacitor C 1 is added.
  • the variation of the voltage at the connection point "b" will be significant only if one has a high impedance at this connection point "b".
  • Gold at low frequency, the capacitor C 1 has a high impedance, so that the voltage at said connection point "b” reaches a high threshold.
  • the capacitor C 1 when the piezoelectric transducer 32 is driven at high frequency, typically of the order of 1 kHz, to function as a sound generator, the capacitor C 1 has a low impedance and thus acts substantially in the manner of a simple electrical connection between the coil L 1 and the transducer 32. The capacitor C 1 does not interfere with the operation of the transducer 32 as a sound generator.
  • the electrical circuit 38 for driving and evaluation is completed by a passive filter 40 connected in parallel across the piezoelectric transducer 32.
  • This filter 40 is conventionally composed of a resistor R 1 and a capacitor C 2 .
  • the filter 40 serves to filter the high frequency signal present across the transducer 32 when it operates as a sound generator at a frequency of the order of 1 kHz, and to prevent this signal from occurring. propagation to the amplification and conversion stages which will be described below.
  • the electric signal can pass.
  • the electrical circuit 38 finally comprises, connected in parallel with each other across the terminals of the passive filter 40, a polarization resistor R 2 , an amplification stage 42 and a conversion stage 44.
  • the amplification stage 42 comprises a pMOS transistor T R1 whose source is connected to the DC voltage source + E and whose drain is connected to a resistor R 3 .
  • the gate of transistor T R1 is connected to one of the ends "c" of resistor R 2 whose other end is connected to DC voltage source + E.
  • the conversion stage 44 comprises a CMOS inverter which consists of a pMOS transistor T R2 connected to a nMOS transistor T R3 .
  • the gates of these two transistors T R2 and T R3 are connected to the connection point "d" between the drain of the transistor T R1 and the resistor R 3 .
  • This connection point "d" constitutes the input of the inverter 44.
  • the source of the pMOS transistor T R2 is connected to the DC voltage source + E, and its drain is connected to the drain of the transistor T R3 .
  • the point of connection "f" between the drains of transistors T R2 and T R3 constitutes the output of inverter 44.
  • the source of transistor T R3 it is connected to the ground of circuit 38.
  • the resistance R 2 which is of considerable value, serves to maintain the gate-source voltage of the transistor T R1 to zero in order to prevent this transistor T R1 from conducting. It will also be noted that between two successive pressures exerted on the transducer 32, the latter can be discharged through the resistor R 2 , so that the voltage at its terminals gradually regains its resting value.
  • the transistor T R1 when the piezoelectric transducer 32 is at rest, the transistor T R1 does not conduct.
  • the connection point "d" between the drain of the transistor T R1 and the resistor R 3 is therefore connected to the ground of the circuit 38.
  • the connection point "d” constitutes the input of the conversion stage 40. Therefore, the gate-source voltage of the pMOS transistor T R2 is equal to -E. This voltage is lower than the threshold voltage of transistor T R2 which is of the order of -0.6 V, so that transistor T R2 conducts.
  • the gate-source voltage of the nMOS transistor T R3 is zero, that is to say less than the tripping voltage of this transistor T R3 . Therefore, the transistor T R3 is blocked.
  • the voltage at the connection point "f" which constitutes the output of the conversion stage 44 is equal to + E, while the voltage at the connection point "d" which constitutes the input of the conversion stage 40 is zero.
  • the conversion stage 44 functions well as an inverter.
  • the gate-source voltage of the nMOS transistor T R3 becomes greater than the tripping voltage of this transistor T R3 , so that the latter will start driving.
  • the voltage at the connection point "f" which constitutes the output of the conversion stage 44 will go to zero.
  • the voltage at the input of the conversion stage 44 is at + E, while the output of the conversion stage 40 is at zero.
  • the conversion stage 44 functions well as an inverter.
  • the voltage at the output point "f" of the conversion stage 44 therefore alternately passes the value + E when the piezoelectric transducer 32 is at rest at a zero voltage value when the transducer 32 is activated.
  • This logic signal is applied to the input of a microprocessor (not shown) which will control the watch functions of watch 1.
  • the passive filter 40 prevents the high frequency signals generated by the transducer 28 from reaching the amplification stages 42 and conversion 44. Therefore, the data input system according to the invention is permanently available. .
  • the filter can also be digital, switched capacitor or realized with an active filter.
  • the polarity of the supply voltage of the electrical circuit 38 for driving and evaluation can be reversed.
  • the bipolar transistor npn T R0 will be replaced by a pnp transistor, and the pMOS transistors will be replaced by nMOS transistors and vice versa.

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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Abstract

The button free watch (1) has a piezoelectric transducer (32) fixed to the rear of the case (2) which creates command and data control impulses.

Description

La présente invention concerne un objet portatif tel que, notamment, une pièce d'horlogerie, comprenant un transducteur piézo-électrique pour l'introduction manuelle de données. Plus particulièrement, la présente invention a pour but d'utiliser le transducteur piézo-électrique fonctionnant comme générateur de son dans une montre-bracelet à dispositif d'alarme pour réaliser la fonction d'un commutateur à poussoir.The present invention relates to a portable object such as, in particular, a timepiece, comprising a piezoelectric transducer for the manual introduction of data. More particularly, the present invention aims to use the piezoelectric transducer operating as a sound generator in an alarm wristwatch to perform the function of a push switch.

On connaît par le brevet US 5,742,564 au nom de Junghans Uhren GmbH une pièce d'horlogerie telle qu'une montre-bracelet comprenant une boîte plate ou légèrement emboutie hermétiquement close par une glace. Une plaque circulaire faisant office de cadran porte des heures index. Cette plaque, disposée sous la glace, est montée à force dans la boîte. Elle est délimitée à sa périphérie par une collerette d'appui qui s'étend le long de la surface cylindrique intérieure de la boîte et qui définit un espace entre la glace et ladite plaque dans lequel se déplacent les aiguilles de la montre. Des capteurs piézo-électriques, préférentiellement au nombre de quatre, sont disposés à intervalles de distance réguliers sur le rebord de la collerette, entre ce rebord et le rebord en regard de la glace. Ces capteurs agissent comme des interrupteurs de commande des fonctions horlogères de la montre. Ils sont actionnés manuellement par pression axiale sur le rebord de la glace. Pour pouvoir répondre aux sollicitations exercées par l'utilisateur, la glace doit être légèrement mobile. A cet effet, la glace est montée élastiquement par rapport à la boîte au moyen d'un anneau rigide en caoutchouc. Les capteurs piézo-électriques sont reliés à un circuit électrique disposé sous le cadran et qui détecte les pressions exercées sur ces capteurs.We know by the patent US 5,742,564 in the name of Junghans Uhren GmbH a timepiece such as a wristwatch comprising a flat box or a slightly sealed case closed by an ice-cream. A circular plate serving as a dial carries index hours. This plate, placed under the ice, is forced into the box. It is delimited at its periphery by a support flange which extends along the inner cylindrical surface of the box and which defines a space between the ice and said plate in which the needles of the watch move. Piezoelectric sensors, preferably four in number, are arranged at regular intervals on the flange of the flange, between this flange and the flange facing the ice. These sensors act as control switches for the watchmaking functions of the watch. They are manually operated by axial pressure on the edge of the ice. To be able to respond to requests from the user, the ice must be slightly mobile. For this purpose, the ice is elastically mounted relative to the box by means of a rigid rubber ring. The piezoelectric sensors are connected to an electrical circuit arranged under the dial and which detects the pressures exerted on these sensors.

L'invention décrite dans le brevet Junghans procure une montre-bracelet qui est dépourvue de tige ou de bouton-poussoir et qui est donc moins coûteuse à fabriquer et d'un aspect esthétique plus attrayant. Les fonctions horlogères de cette montre sont commandées par simple pression mécanique sur des capteurs piézo-électriques qui, en réponse à cette sollicitation, produisent une tension électrique qui agit sur la fonction horlogère désirée via un circuit électronique approprié.The invention described in the Junghans patent provides a wristwatch that is devoid of rod or push button and is therefore less expensive to manufacture and a more attractive aesthetic appearance. The watch functions of this watch are controlled by simple mechanical pressure on piezoelectric sensors which, in response to this solicitation, produce a voltage that acts on the desired watch function via an appropriate electronic circuit.

La montre Junghans présente malheureusement certains inconvénients parmi lesquels on peut citer le fait que la glace doit être montée légèrement mobile, ce qui pose d'importants problèmes d'ajustement de cette glace par rapport à la boîte de la montre. Ces problèmes ont bien entendu une incidence négative sur les coûts de fabrication et ne sont que partiellement résolus par l'utilisation d'un anneau rigide en caoutchouc disposé entre ladite glace et la carrure de ladite boîte. En effet, du fait de sa rigidité, l'anneau en caoutchouc ne peut que difficilement compenser les jeux entre la glace et la boîte de la montre, de sorte qu'une bonne étanchéité ne peut être garantie. Les risques de voir l'humidité pénétrer dans la montre sont donc importants ce qui, on le comprendra aisément, n'est pas acceptable. De même, des particules solides peuvent venir se loger entre l'anneau en caoutchouc et la glace et gripper le fonctionnement du mécanisme. Enfin, comme décrit ci-dessus, le système Junghans est activé par une succession de pressions mécaniques exercées sur la glace de la montre. Sous l'effet de ces pressions, les capteurs piézo-électriques se déforment et génèrent une tension électrique qui est appliquée à l'entrée d'un circuit électronique d'interprétation. En réponse à ce signal, le circuit électronique va agir sur la fonction horlogère désirée. Or, la répétition de ces pressions risque, au bout d'un certain temps, d'endommager, voire de mettre les capteurs hors d'usage. Surtout, il n'est pas facile pour l'utilisateur d'exercer une pression qui soit suffisante pour actionner les capteurs sans être toutefois excessive et risquer d'endommager ces capteurs.The Junghans watch has unfortunately some drawbacks among which we can mention the fact that the ice must be mounted slightly movable, which poses significant problems of adjustment of this ice compared to the watch case. These problems of course have a negative impact on manufacturing costs and are only partially solved by the use of a rigid ring. rubber disposed between said ice and the middle of said box. Indeed, because of its rigidity, the rubber ring can hardly compensate for the games between the ice and the watch case, so that a good seal can not be guaranteed. The risks of moisture entering the watch are therefore important which, it will be easily understood, is not acceptable. Similarly, solid particles can be housed between the rubber ring and the ice and seize the operation of the mechanism. Finally, as described above, the Junghans system is activated by a succession of mechanical pressures exerted on the ice of the watch. Under these pressures, the piezoelectric sensors deform and generate a voltage that is applied to the input of an electronic circuit of interpretation. In response to this signal, the electronic circuit will act on the desired horological function. However, the repetition of these pressures may, after a while, damage or even put the sensors out of use. Above all, it is not easy for the user to exert sufficient pressure to actuate the sensors without being excessive and risk damaging these sensors.

Le document US 4 769 797 décrit une pièce d'horlogerie, comprenant des moyens d'affichage d'au moins une information et un boîtier formé d'une partie supérieure comportant une glace recouvrant les moyens d'affichage et d'une partie inférieure délimitée par un fond situé en dessous desdits moyens d'affichage, cet objet comprenant un transducteur piézo-électrique produisant une tension électrique lorsqu'une pression mécanique est exercée sur ladite partie supérieure, la tension produite par le transducteur piézo-électrique étant appliquée à un premier circuit électronique qui va générer un signal logique en réponse à la pression exercée, ce circuit électronique étant agencé à l'intérieur dudit boîtier, ledit transducteur piézo-électrique étant agencé dans la partie inférieure dudit boîtier et est relié rigidement à ce boîtier.The document US 4,769,797 discloses a timepiece, comprising means for displaying at least one piece of information and a case formed of an upper part comprising an ice covering the display means and a bottom part delimited by a bottom located underneath. said display means, said object comprising a piezoelectric transducer producing an electrical voltage when a mechanical pressure is exerted on said upper part, the voltage produced by the piezoelectric transducer being applied to a first electronic circuit which will generate a logic signal in response to the pressure exerted, this electronic circuit being arranged inside said housing, said piezoelectric transducer being arranged in the lower part of said housing and is rigidly connected to this housing.

Grâce à ces caractéristiques, la pression mécanique qui accompagne l'introduction manuelle d'une donnée peut être exercée en un endroit quelconque de la surface de la glace. Sous l'effet de cette pression, le poignet du porteur de la montre exerce une force de réaction sur le boîtier. Ce dernier se déforme alors très légèrement, qu'il soit en matière plastique, métallique ou autre. Comme le transducteur piézo-électrique est relié rigidement à ce boîtier, il se trouve déformé par les déformations du boîtier et génère classiquement une tension électrique en réponse à cette déformation. On ne risque plus ainsi d'endommager le transducteur sous l'effet d'une pression mécanique trop élevée. De même, le transducteur, qui n'est plus coincé entre une partie fixe et une partie mobile, peut supporter un très grand nombre de pressions successives sans que ses caractéristiques physiques ne se dégradent dans le temps.Thanks to these characteristics, the mechanical pressure that accompanies the manual introduction of data can be exerted anywhere on the surface of the ice. Under the effect of this pressure, the wrist of the wearer of the watch exerts a reaction force on the housing. The latter then deforms very slightly, whether plastic, metal or other. Since the piezoelectric transducer is rigidly connected to this housing, it is deformed by the deformations of the housing and typically generates an electrical voltage in response to this deformation. This is no more likely to damage the transducer under the effect of too high mechanical pressure. Similarly, the transducer, which is no longer wedged between a fixed part and a moving part, can withstand a very large number of successive pressures without its physical characteristics being degraded over time.

Un autre avantage d'une telle montre réside dans le fait que l'objet portatif ne comporte aucune partie mobile. Ainsi, la glace de la montre est montée fixe par rapport à la boîte de ladite montre, par exemple par collage ou par soudage aux ultrasons ou encore par chassage avec interposition d'un joint entre la glace et la boîte. L'étanchéité de la montre n'est ainsi pas altérée et la construction d'une telle montre s'avère très simple et donc peu coûteuse.Another advantage of such a watch lies in the fact that the portable object has no moving part. Thus, the watch crystal is fixedly mounted relative to the case of said watch, for example by gluing or ultrasonic welding or by driving with interposition of a seal between the ice and the box. The waterproofness of the watch is thus not impaired and the construction of such a watch is very simple and therefore inexpensive.

Un tel dispositif est une montre dont les fonctions horlogères peuvent être commandées par de simples pressions mécaniques sur la glace. Ainsi, la montre peut être dépourvue de tige ou de bouton-poussoir, ce qui réduit encore davantage ses coûts de fabrication. Il existe, bien entendu, d'autres systèmes d'introduction de données par pression tactile qui utilisent, par exemple, des touches capacitives, inductives, à ultrasons ou à infrarouge. L'inconvénient de tels systèmes réside cependant dans le fait qu'avant de pouvoir être utilisés, ils doivent être placés dans un mode actif de réception des commandes dans lequel ils consomment du courant électrique.Such a device is a watch whose watch functions can be controlled by simple mechanical pressure on the ice. Thus, the watch may be devoid of rod or push button, which further reduces its manufacturing costs. There are, of course, other tactile pressure data entry systems which use, for example, capacitive, inductive, ultrasonic or infrared keys. The disadvantage of such systems however lies in the fact that before they can be used, they must be placed in an active mode of receiving commands in which they consume electric current.

L'objet portatif décrit dans US 4 769 797 comprend en outre un second circuit électronique qui fait fonctionner le transducteur piézo-électrique comme source de vibration pour un générateur sonore.The portable object described in US 4,769,797 further comprises a second electronic circuit that operates the piezoelectric transducer as a source of vibration for a sound generator.

Grâce à cette caractéristique, un même transducteur piézo-électrique peut être utilisé à la fois comme générateur de son pour un dispositif d'alarme, par exemple dans une montre-bracelet électronique, et comme moyen pour introduire des données par pressions mécaniques sur la glace de cette montre. Un tel mode de réalisation est, on le comprendra aisément, particulièrement avantageux. Il permet de réduire le nombre de composants utilisés, et donc le volume que ces composants occupent dans la boîte, et de limiter les coûts de fabrication.Thanks to this characteristic, the same piezoelectric transducer can be used both as a sound generator for an alarm device, for example in an electronic wristwatch, and as a means for introducing data by mechanical pressure on the ice of this watch. Such an embodiment is, it will be easily understood, particularly advantageous. It reduces the number of components used, and therefore the volume that these components occupy in the box, and limit manufacturing costs.

La présente invention concerne un objet portatif du type indiqué dans le préambule de la revendication 1 (décrit dans US 47 69 797 ) et caractérisé par les caractéristiques de la partie caractérisante de la revendication 1. Des caractéristiques optionnelles sont décrites dans les revendications dépendantes.The present invention relates to a portable object of the type indicated in the preamble of claim 1 (described in US 47 69 797 and characterized by the features of the characterizing portion of claim 1. Optional features are described in the dependent claims.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de la présente invention apparaîtront plus clairement à la lecture de la description détaillée qui suit d'un exemple de réalisation de l'objet portatif selon l'invention, cet exemple étant donné à titre purement illustratif et non limitatif, en liaison avec les dessins annexés dans lesquels :

  • la figure 1 est une vue générale en coupe dans une pièce d'horlogerie selon l'invention;
  • la figure 2 représente un schéma électrique d'un circuit permettant d'utiliser le transducteur piézo-électrique fonctionnant comme générateur de son pour réaliser la fonction d'un commutateur à poussoir, et
  • la figure 3 est un diagramme des niveaux de tension en fonction du temps en deux endroits du circuit de la figure 2.
Other characteristics and advantages of the present invention will appear more clearly on reading the following detailed description of an exemplary embodiment of the portable object according to the invention, this example being given purely by way of illustration and not limitation, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:
  • the figure 1 is a general sectional view in a timepiece according to the invention;
  • the figure 2 represents a circuit diagram of a circuit for using the piezoelectric transducer operating as a sound generator to perform the function of a push switch, and
  • the figure 3 is a diagram of voltage levels versus time in two places in the circuit of the figure 2 .

On notera dès à présent que, bien que la description qui suit concerne une pièce d'horlogerie et, en particulier, une montre-bracelet, la présente invention n'est pas limitée à une telle pièce d'horlogerie et peut aisément s'appliquer à tout autre objet portatif dans lequel est agencé un transducteur piézo-électrique permettant l'introduction manuelle de données.It will be noted from now on that, although the following description concerns a timepiece and, in particular, a wristwatch, the present invention is not limited to such a timepiece and can easily be applied any other portable object in which is arranged a piezoelectric transducer for the manual introduction of data.

On se reportera tout d'abord à la figure 1 sur laquelle est représentée une pièce d'horlogerie selon l'invention, désignée dans son ensemble par la référence numérique générale 1.We will first refer to the figure 1 on which is represented a timepiece according to the invention, designated as a whole by the general reference numeral 1.

La pièce d'horlogerie 1 comporte de manière classique un boîtier 2 muni d'une carrure 4 et d'un fond 6 qui délimite le boîtier 2 dans sa partie inférieure. Dans l'exemple représenté, le fond 6 est fait d'une seule pièce avec la carrure 4. Il va toutefois de soi que la présente invention s'applique de la même manière à une boîte qui ne serait pas monocoque et qui comprendrait un fond distinct de la carrure. Le boîtier 2 peut être réalisé, par exemple, en un matériau plastique selon des techniques d'injection bien connues. La présente invention ne se limite néanmoins pas au choix d'un tel matériau et le boîtier 2 pourra être réalisé en tout type de matériau adapté aux besoins de l'industrie horlogère tel que, notamment, de l'acier.The timepiece 1 conventionally comprises a housing 2 provided with a middle part 4 and a bottom 6 which delimits the housing 2 in its lower part. In the example shown, the bottom 6 is made in one piece with the middle part 4. However, it goes without saying that the present invention applies in the same way to a box that would not be monohull and which would include a bottom distinct from the middle part. The housing 2 can be made, for example, of a plastic material according to well-known injection techniques. The present invention is not limited to the choice of such a material and the housing 2 can be made of any type of material adapted to the needs of the watch industry such as, in particular, steel.

La pièce d'horlogerie 1 comporte également un mouvement horométrique 8 monté dans un cercle d'encageage 10. Ce mouvement 8 est alimenté en courant par une batterie électrique 12 qui peut, le cas échéant, être rechargée après épuisement. La batterie 12, représentée schématiquement sur la figure 1, présente typiquement la forme d'une pastille. Elle peut être logée dans le fond 6 de la montre 1. La face inférieure de la batterie 12 qui constitue l'un de ses pôles est reliée électriquement à la masse de la montre 1, par exemple par l'intermédiaire d'un contact à ressort 13 fixé sur le fond 6 de ladite montre 1. L'autre pôle de la batterie 12 qui est constitué par sa face supérieure est, de manière habituelle, relié électriquement au mouvement horométrique 8.The timepiece 1 also comprises a horometric movement 8 mounted in a casing ring 10. This movement 8 is supplied with current by an electric battery 12 which can, if necessary, be recharged after exhaustion. The battery 12, shown schematically on the figure 1 typically has the shape of a pellet. It can be housed in the bottom 6 of the watch 1. The lower face of the battery 12 which constitutes one of its poles is electrically connected to the mass of the watch 1, for example by means of a contact with spring 13 fixed on the bottom 6 of said watch 1. The other pole of the battery 12 which is constituted by its upper face is, in the usual way, electrically connected to the horometric movement 8.

Dans sa partie supérieure, le boîtier 2 est délimité par une glace 14 recouvrant des moyens d'affichage 16 d'une information horaire. Dans l'exemple représenté à la figure 1, ces moyens d'affichage 16 se composent d'un cadran 18 au-dessus duquel se déplacent une aiguille des heures 20, une aiguille des minutes 22 et une aiguille des secondes 24. Il s'agit donc de moyens analogiques d'affichage de l'heure. Il pourrait également s'agir de moyens d'affichage digitaux constitués par une cellule à cristaux liquides.In its upper part, the housing 2 is delimited by an ice 14 covering display means 16 of a time information. In the example shown in figure 1 these display means 16 consist of a dial 18 above which move an hour hand 20, a minute hand 22 and a second hand 24. It is therefore analog means of displaying the time. It could also be digital display means constituted by a liquid crystal cell.

Enfin, le boîtier 2 comporte à sa périphérie supérieure un cran 26 dans lequel est engagée une lunette 28 qui assure la fixation de la glace 14 sur le boîtier 2. La lunette 28 est montée fixe sur le boîtier 2, par exemple par collage ou par soudage aux ultrasons ou encore par chassage. La glace 14 est rendue étanche par rapport au boîtier 2 grâce à l'utilisation d'un joint 30 coincé entre la glace et le boîtier.Finally, the housing 2 comprises at its upper periphery a notch 26 in which is engaged a telescope 28 which ensures the attachment of the lens 14 to the housing 2. The bezel 28 is fixedly mounted on the housing 2, for example by gluing or by ultrasonic welding or else by driving. The window 14 is sealed against the housing 2 by the use of a seal 30 wedged between the window and the housing.

Un transducteur piézo-électrique 32 est agencé dans la partie inférieure du boîtier 2 de la montre 1 et est relié rigidement à ce boîtier 2. Ce transducteur 32 peut être utilisé dans le seul but d'introduire des données dans la montre 1. Le transducteur 32 est utilisé à la fois comme générateur de son pour le dispositif d'alarme de la montre 1, et comme moyen pour introduire des données par pression mécaniques successives sur la glace 14 de cette montre 1. A cet effet, le transducteur piézo-électrique 32 est constitué d'un élément réalisé, par exemple, en une céramique piézo-électrique. Cet élément peut avoir, de manière non limitative, une forme circulaire, son diamètre étant typiquement compris entre dix et quinze millimètres, et son épaisseur étant de l'ordre de quelques dixièmes de millimètres. Comme il ressort de la figure 1, cet élément est collé entre deux électrodes métalliques supérieure 34 et inférieure 36. L'électrode inférieure 36 est reliée rigidement au fond 6 du boîtier 2 par tout moyen approprié tel que, par exemple, par collage. Les électrodes 34, 36 sont reliées, via un circuit électronique 38 d'entraînement et d'interprétation qui va être décrit en détail en référence à la figure 2, aux bornes de la batterie électrique 12 au moyen de lames de contact respectivement 34a et 36a.A piezoelectric transducer 32 is arranged in the lower part of the case 2 of the watch 1 and is rigidly connected to this case 2. This transducer 32 can be used for the sole purpose of introducing data into the watch 1. The transducer 32 is used both as a sound generator for the alarm device of watch 1, and as a means for introducing data by successive mechanical pressure on the glass 14 of this watch 1. For this purpose, the piezoelectric transducer 32 consists of an element made, for example, of a piezoelectric ceramic. This element may have, without limitation, a circular shape, its diameter typically being between ten and fifteen millimeters, and its thickness being of the order of a few tenths of millimeters. As is apparent from the figure 1 this element is bonded between two upper metal electrodes 34 and lower 36. The lower electrode 36 is rigidly connected to the bottom 6 of the housing 2 by any appropriate means such as, for example, by gluing. The electrodes 34, 36 are connected via an electronic circuit 38 for training and interpretation which will be described in detail with reference to FIG. figure 2 at the terminals of the electric battery 12 by means of contact strips respectively 34a and 36a.

Le circuit électrique 38 dont le schéma est représenté à la figure 2 comprend, branchée sur la sortie de moyens commutateurs comprenant un transistor TR0 alternativement passant et bloqué, une bobine L1. Le transducteur piézo-électrique 32 est raccordé en parallèle sur la bobine L1. Ce circuit électrique 38 reçoit, sur une connexion d'entrée "a", un signal de commande impulsionnel à créneaux correspondant à ce que montre la courbe A de la figure 3 dont l'abscisse représente le temps "t" et l'ordonnée la tension "v". Depuis la borne d'entrée "a", ce signal est appliqué à la base du transistor TR0 par l'intermédiaire d'une résistance R0. Lorsque le transistor TR0, qui est un transistor bipolaire npn, est maintenu passant par l'impulsion du signal de commande, un courant électrique circule à travers la bobine L1 depuis une source de tension continue +E, tandis que la connexion "b" du transducteur piézo-électrique 32 est reliée par le transistor TR0 à la masse du circuit électrique 38 selon ce que montre la courbe B de la figure 3 (qui présente le temps "t" en abscisse et la tension "v" en ordonnée).The electrical circuit 38 whose diagram is shown in FIG. figure 2 comprises, connected to the output of switching means comprising a transistor T R0 alternately passing and blocked, a coil L 1 . The piezoelectric transducer 32 is connected in parallel to the coil L 1 . This electrical circuit 38 receives, on an input connection "a", a pulsed pulse control signal corresponding to that shown in curve A of FIG. figure 3 whose abscissa represents the time "t" and the ordinate the voltage "v". From the input terminal "a", this signal is applied to the base of the transistor T R0 via a resistor R 0 . When the transistor T R0 , which is a bipolar transistor npn, is held through the pulse of the control signal, an electric current flows through the coil L 1 from a DC voltage source + E, while the connection "b" of the piezoelectric transducer 32 is connected by the transistor T R0 to the ground of the electrical circuit 38 as shown by the curve B of the figure 3 (which has the time "t" on the abscissa and the voltage "v" on the ordinate).

Au moment où le transistor TR0 passe à l'état bloqué lors du front descendant de chaque impulsion de la forme d'onde A, toute l'énergie accumulée dans la bobine L1 est transmise aux bornes du transducteur piézo-électrique 32, chargeant celui-ci à une tension bien supérieure à la tension d'alimentation +E. Cette impulsion de forte amplitude fournit au transducteur piézo-électrique 32 l'énergie électrique efficace qui lui est nécessaire pour fonctionner comme générateur de son. Selon une variante, pour obtenir une pression acoustique plus élevée, on pourra monter une diode (non représentée) en série avec la bobine L1. Pour plus de détails, on se reportera au brevet suisse No 641 625 au nom de Seiko.At the moment when the transistor T R0 goes to the off state during the falling edge of each pulse of the waveform A, all the energy accumulated in the coil L 1 is transmitted to the terminals of the piezoelectric transducer 32, charging it has a voltage well above the supply voltage + E. This high amplitude pulse provides the piezoelectric transducer 32 with the efficient electrical energy it needs to function as a sound generator. According to a variant, to obtain a higher sound pressure, it is possible to mount a diode (not shown) in series with the coil L 1 . For more details, refer to the patent No. 641,625 in the name of Seiko.

A ce stade de la description, il est essentiel de bien comprendre que les éléments de circuit qui viennent d'être décrits servent uniquement à entraîner le transducteur piézo-électrique 32 pour le faire fonctionner comme générateur de son dans un dispositif d'alarme équipant, par exemple, la montre-bracelet 1 susdécrite. En conséquence, ces différents composants ne sont nullement nécessaires à la mise en oeuvre de la présente invention. Ils permettent simplement de démontrer que, grâce aux caractéristiques particulières de l'invention, un unique transducteur piézo-électrique peut être avantageusement utilisé à la fois comme générateur de son et comme moyen pour introduire des données dans une montre. Dans ce qui va suivre, on va maintenant s'intéresser à la partie du circuit électrique 38 d'entraînement et d'interprétation qui permet de convertir une succession de pressions mécaniques en données pouvant être comprises par un microprocesseur équipant la montre 1 selon l'invention et permettant de commander les fonctions horlogères de cette dernière.At this stage of the description, it is essential to understand that the circuit elements which have just been described serve only to drive the piezoelectric transducer 32 to operate as a sound generator in an alarm device equipping, for example, the above-mentioned wristwatch 1. Consequently, these various components are not necessary for the implementation of the present invention. They simply show that, thanks to the particular features of the invention, a single piezoelectric transducer can be advantageously used both as a sound generator and as a means for introducing data into a watch. In what follows, we will now be interested in the part of the electrical circuit 38 for training and interpretation that converts a succession of mechanical pressures data that can be understood by a microprocessor equipping the watch 1 according to the invention and to control the watch functions of the latter.

Les pressions mécaniques successives qui sont exercées par l'utilisateur sur la glace 14 de la montre 1 se traduisent, aux bornes du transducteur piézo-électrique 32, par un signal électrique basse fréquence, typiquement de l'ordre de 1 Hz, dont le niveau doit être augmenté. A cet effet, le circuit électrique 38 d'entraînement et d'interprétation représenté à la figure 2 comprend, tout d'abord, un condensateur C1 monté entre la bobine L1 et le transducteur 32. A basse fréquence, l'impédance de la bobine L1 est faible, de sorte que celle-ci joue pratiquement le rôle d'un court-circuit. Par conséquent, la variation de la tension au point de connexion "b" du transducteur 32 est également faible. Pour remédier à ce problème, on ajoute le condensateur C1. En effet, la variation de la tension au point de connexion "b" ne sera importante que si l'on dispose d'une impédance élevée à ce point de connexion "b". Or, à basse fréquence, le condensateur C1 présente une forte impédance, de sorte que la tension audit point de connexion "b" atteint un seuil élevé. Par contre, lorsque le transducteur piézo-électrique 32 est entraîné à haute fréquence, typiquement de l'ordre de 1 kHz, pour fonctionner comme générateur de son, le condensateur C1 présente une impédance basse et agit donc sensiblement à la façon d'une simple connexion électrique entre la bobine L1 et le transducteur 32. Le condensateur C1 ne perturbe donc pas le fonctionnement du transducteur 32 comme générateur de son.The successive mechanical pressures that are exerted by the user on the mirror 14 of the watch 1 result, at the terminals of the piezoelectric transducer 32, by a low frequency electrical signal, typically of the order of 1 Hz, whose level must be increased. For this purpose, the electrical circuit 38 for training and interpretation shown in FIG. figure 2 comprises, firstly, a capacitor C 1 mounted between the coil L 1 and the transducer 32. At low frequency, the impedance of the coil L 1 is low, so that it plays practically the role of a short circuit. Therefore, the variation of the voltage at the connection point "b" of the transducer 32 is also small. To remedy this problem, the capacitor C 1 is added. Indeed, the variation of the voltage at the connection point "b" will be significant only if one has a high impedance at this connection point "b". Gold, at low frequency, the capacitor C 1 has a high impedance, so that the voltage at said connection point "b" reaches a high threshold. On the other hand, when the piezoelectric transducer 32 is driven at high frequency, typically of the order of 1 kHz, to function as a sound generator, the capacitor C 1 has a low impedance and thus acts substantially in the manner of a simple electrical connection between the coil L 1 and the transducer 32. The capacitor C 1 does not interfere with the operation of the transducer 32 as a sound generator.

Le circuit électrique 38 d'entraînement et d'évaluation est complété par un filtre passif 40 monté en parallèle aux bornes du transducteur piézo-électrique 32. Ce filtre 40 se compose classiquement d'une résistance R1 et d'un condensateur C2. La fréquence de coupure au-delà de laquelle le filtre 40 ne laisse plus passer de signal est déterminée par la relation f = 1 2 ⁢ πR 1 ⁢ C 2 .

Figure imgb0001
Comme on le comprendra aisément, le filtre 40 sert à filtrer le signal haute fréquence présent aux bornes du transducteur 32 lorsque celui-ci fonctionne comme générateur de son à une fréquence de l'ordre de 1 kHz, et à éviter que ce signal ne se propage vers les étages d'amplification et de conversion qui seront décrits ci-après. Par contre, à basse fréquence, lorsqu'on agit mécaniquement sur le transducteur piézo-électrique 32, le signal électrique peut passer.The electrical circuit 38 for driving and evaluation is completed by a passive filter 40 connected in parallel across the piezoelectric transducer 32. This filter 40 is conventionally composed of a resistor R 1 and a capacitor C 2 . The cutoff frequency beyond which the filter 40 no longer lets a signal pass is determined by the relation f = 1 2 ⁢ πR 1 ⁢ VS 2 .
Figure imgb0001
 As will be readily understood, the filter 40 serves to filter the high frequency signal present across the transducer 32 when it operates as a sound generator at a frequency of the order of 1 kHz, and to prevent this signal from occurring. propagation to the amplification and conversion stages which will be described below. On the other hand, at low frequency, when one acts mechanically on the piezoelectric transducer 32, the electric signal can pass.

Le circuit électrique 38 comprend enfin, branchés en parallèle les uns à la suite des autres aux bornes du filtre passif 40, une résistance R2 de polarisation, un étage d'amplification 42 et un étage de conversion 44. L'étage d'amplification 42 comprend un transistor pMOS TR1 dont la source est reliée à la source de tension continue +E et dont le drain est relié à une résistance R3. La grille du transistor TR1 est reliée à l'une des extrémités "c" de la résistance R2 dont l'autre extrémité est reliée à la source de tension continue +E.The electrical circuit 38 finally comprises, connected in parallel with each other across the terminals of the passive filter 40, a polarization resistor R 2 , an amplification stage 42 and a conversion stage 44. The amplification stage 42 comprises a pMOS transistor T R1 whose source is connected to the DC voltage source + E and whose drain is connected to a resistor R 3 . The gate of transistor T R1 is connected to one of the ends "c" of resistor R 2 whose other end is connected to DC voltage source + E.

Pour l'étage de conversion 44, on peut envisager tous les inverseurs disponibles dans les technologies actuelles. A titre d'exemple non limitatif seulement, l'étage de conversion 44 comprend un inverseur CMOS qui se compose d'un transistor pMOS TR2 relié à un transistor nMOS TR3. Les grilles de ces deux transistors TR2 et TR3 sont reliées au point de connexion "d" entre le drain du transistor TR1 et la résistance R3. Ce point de connexion "d" constitue l'entrée de l'inverseur 44. La source du transistor pMOS TR2 est reliée à la source de tension continue +E, et son drain est relié au drain du transistor TR3. Le point de connexion "f' entre les drains des transistors TR2 et TR3 constitue la sortie de l'inverseur 44. Quant à la source du transistor TR3, elle est reliée à la masse du circuit 38.For the conversion stage 44, it is possible to envisage all the inverters available in current technologies. By way of nonlimiting example only, the conversion stage 44 comprises a CMOS inverter which consists of a pMOS transistor T R2 connected to a nMOS transistor T R3 . The gates of these two transistors T R2 and T R3 are connected to the connection point "d" between the drain of the transistor T R1 and the resistor R 3 . This connection point "d" constitutes the input of the inverter 44. The source of the pMOS transistor T R2 is connected to the DC voltage source + E, and its drain is connected to the drain of the transistor T R3 . The point of connection "f" between the drains of transistors T R2 and T R3 constitutes the output of inverter 44. As for the source of transistor T R3 , it is connected to the ground of circuit 38.

Lorsque le transducteur piézo-électrique 32 est au repos, c'est-à-dire lorsque aucune pression n'est exercée sur la glace 14 de la montre 1, la résistance R2, qui est d'assez grande valeur, sert à maintenir la tension grille-source du transistor TR1 à zéro afin d'éviter que ce transistor TR1 ne conduise. On notera également qu'entre deux pressions successives exercées sur le transducteur 32, ce dernier peut se décharger à travers la résistance R2, de sorte que la tension à ses bornes retrouve progressivement sa valeur de repos.When the piezoelectric transducer 32 is at rest, that is to say when no pressure is exerted on the ice 14 of the watch 1, the resistance R 2 , which is of considerable value, serves to maintain the gate-source voltage of the transistor T R1 to zero in order to prevent this transistor T R1 from conducting. It will also be noted that between two successive pressures exerted on the transducer 32, the latter can be discharged through the resistor R 2 , so that the voltage at its terminals gradually regains its resting value.

Comme on vient de le voir au paragraphe ci-dessus, lorsque le transducteur piézo-électrique 32 est au repos, le transistor TR1 ne conduit pas. Le point de connexion "d" entre le drain du transistor TR1 et la résistance R3 est donc relié à la masse du circuit 38. Or, le point de connexion "d" constitue l'entrée de l'étage de conversion 40. Par conséquent, la tension grille-source du transistor pMOS TR2 est égale à -E. Cette tension est inférieure à la tension de seuil du transistor TR2 qui est de l'ordre de -0,6 V, de sorte que ce transistor TR2 conduit. Dans le même temps, la tension grille-source du transistor nMOS TR3 est nulle, c'est-à-dire inférieure à la tension de déclenchement de ce transistor TR3. Par conséquent, le transistor TR3 est bloqué. Ainsi, la tension au point de connexion "f" qui constitue la sortie de l'étage de conversion 44 est égale à +E, tandis que la tension au point de connexion "d" qui constitue l'entrée de l'étage de conversion 40 est nulle. L'étage de conversion 44 fonctionne bien comme un inverseur.As we have just seen in the above paragraph, when the piezoelectric transducer 32 is at rest, the transistor T R1 does not conduct. The connection point "d" between the drain of the transistor T R1 and the resistor R 3 is therefore connected to the ground of the circuit 38. However, the connection point "d" constitutes the input of the conversion stage 40. Therefore, the gate-source voltage of the pMOS transistor T R2 is equal to -E. This voltage is lower than the threshold voltage of transistor T R2 which is of the order of -0.6 V, so that transistor T R2 conducts. At the same time, the gate-source voltage of the nMOS transistor T R3 is zero, that is to say less than the tripping voltage of this transistor T R3 . Therefore, the transistor T R3 is blocked. Thus, the voltage at the connection point "f" which constitutes the output of the conversion stage 44 is equal to + E, while the voltage at the connection point "d" which constitutes the input of the conversion stage 40 is zero. The conversion stage 44 functions well as an inverter.

On examine maintenant le cas où l'on exerce une pression mécanique sur le transducteur piézo-électrique 32. Sous l'effet de cette pression, le transducteur 32 se polarise et la tension à son point de connexion "b" diminue. De même, la tension de grille du transistor pMOS TR1 diminue. La différence de potentiel grille-source du transistor TR1 va devenir inférieure à la tension de déclenchement, de sorte que ce transistor TR1 va commencer à conduire. Sous l'effet de la conduction du transistor TR1, le potentiel au point de connexion "d" qui constitue l'entrée de l'étage de conversion 44 va augmenter et tendre vers +E. A ce moment-là, la tension grille-source du transistor pMOS TR2 devient supérieure à la tension de seuil de ce transistor TR2, de sorte que ledit transistor TR2 va passer à l'état bloqué. Dans le même temps, la tension grille-source du transistor nMOS TR3 devient supérieure à la tension de déclenchement de ce transistor TR3, de sorte que ce dernier va se mettre à conduire. La tension au point de connexion "f" qui constitue la sortie de l'étage de conversion 44 va passer à zéro. Ainsi, la tension à l'entrée de l'étage de conversion 44 est à +E, tandis que la sortie de l'étage de conversion 40 est à zéro. L'étage de conversion 44 fonctionne bien comme un inverseur.We now examine the case where it exerts a mechanical pressure on the piezoelectric transducer 32. Under the effect of this pressure, the transducer 32 is polarized and the voltage at its connection point "b" decreases. Similarly, the gate voltage of the pMOS transistor T R1 decreases. The gate-source potential difference of transistor T R1 will become smaller than the trigger voltage, so that transistor T R1 will start driving. Under the effect of the conduction of the transistor T R1 , the potential at the connection point "d" which constitutes the input of the conversion stage 44 will increase and tend towards + E. At this time, the gate-source voltage of the pMOS transistor T R2 becomes greater than the threshold voltage of this transistor T R2 , so that said transistor T R2 will go to the off state. At the same time, the gate-source voltage of the nMOS transistor T R3 becomes greater than the tripping voltage of this transistor T R3 , so that the latter will start driving. The voltage at the connection point "f" which constitutes the output of the conversion stage 44 will go to zero. Thus, the voltage at the input of the conversion stage 44 is at + E, while the output of the conversion stage 40 is at zero. The conversion stage 44 functions well as an inverter.

La tension au point de sortie "f" de l'étage de conversion 44 passe donc alternativement de la valeur +E lorsque le transducteur piézo-électrique 32 est au repos à une valeur de tension nulle lorsque le transducteur 32 est activé. Ce signal logique est appliqué à l'entrée d'un microprocesseur (non représenté) qui va commander les fonctions horlogères de la montre 1.The voltage at the output point "f" of the conversion stage 44 therefore alternately passes the value + E when the piezoelectric transducer 32 is at rest at a zero voltage value when the transducer 32 is activated. This logic signal is applied to the input of a microprocessor (not shown) which will control the watch functions of watch 1.

Il est à noter que l'on peut avantageusement introduire des données par pression sur la glace 14 de la montre 1 alors que le transducteur 32 fonctionne comme générateur de son. En effet, le filtre passif 40 empêche les signaux haute fréquence générés par le transducteur 28 de parvenir jusqu'aux étages d'amplification 42 et de conversion 44. Par conséquent, le système d'introduction de données selon l'invention est disponible en permanence. Le filtre peut aussi être numérique, à capacités commutées ou réalisé avec un filtre actif.It should be noted that it is advantageous to introduce data by pressing on the ice 14 of the watch 1 while the transducer 32 functions as a sound generator. Indeed, the passive filter 40 prevents the high frequency signals generated by the transducer 28 from reaching the amplification stages 42 and conversion 44. Therefore, the data input system according to the invention is permanently available. . The filter can also be digital, switched capacitor or realized with an active filter.

On comprendra, d'autre part, que la polarité de la tension d'alimentation du circuit électrique 38 d'entraînement et d'évaluation peut être inversée. Dans ce cas, on substituera au transistor bipolaire npn TR0 un transistor pnp, et les transistors pMOS seront remplacés par des transistors nMOS et inversement.It will be understood, on the other hand, that the polarity of the supply voltage of the electrical circuit 38 for driving and evaluation can be reversed. In this case, the bipolar transistor npn T R0 will be replaced by a pnp transistor, and the pMOS transistors will be replaced by nMOS transistors and vice versa.

Il va de soi que diverses variantes et modifications simples entrent dans le cadre de la présente invention telle que définie dans les revendications.It goes without saying that various variants and simple modifications are within the scope of the present invention as defined in the claims.

Claims (15)

  1. Portable object such as, in particular, a timepiece (1), including means (16) for displaying at least one data item and a case (2) formed of a top portion including a crystal (14) covering the display means (16) and a bottom portion delimited by a back cover (6) located below said display means (16), this object further including a piezoelectric transducer (32) generating an electric voltage when mechanical pressure is exerted on said top portion, the voltage generated by the piezoelectric transducer (32) being applied to a first electronic circuit which is arranged to generate a logic signal in response to the pressure exerted, this object also comprising a second electronic circuit arranged to cause the piezoelectric transducer (32) to operate as a vibration source for an acoustic generator, these first and second electronic circuits being arranged inside said case (2), said piezoelectric transducer (32) being arranged in the bottom portion of said case (2) and being rigidly connected to said case (2), characterised in that the first electronic circuit includes a capacitor (C1) arranged to raise the threshold of the voltage produced by the piezoelectric transducer (32) when the latter operates at the frequency at which the mechanical pressure is exerted, said capacitor (C1) exhibiting a low impedance and being thus arranged to behave substantially like a simple electric connection when the piezoelectric transducer (32) is driven to operate like a sound generator at a frequency higher than the frequency at which the mechanical pressure is exerted.
  2. Portable object according to claim 1, characterised in that the piezoelectric transducer (32) is bonded between two upper (34) and lower (36) electrodes.
  3. Portable object according to claims 1 or 2, characterised in that the piezoelectric transducer (32) is bonded to the back cover (6) of the case (2).
  4. Portable object according to any of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the first electronic circuit, connected in parallel across the piezoelectric transducer (32), includes amplification (42) and conversion (44) means in a logic signal of the voltage generated by said piezoelectric transducer (32) under the effect of mechanical pressure.
  5. Portable object according to claim 4, characterised in that the first electronic circuit further includes means (40) for filtering the acoustic pulses generated by the piezoelectric transducer (32) when the latter operates as a sound generator.
  6. Portable object according to claim 5, characterised in that the filtering means (40) include a resistor (R1) and a capacitor (C2).
  7. Portable object according to claim 5, characterised in that the filter is a digital filter, a filter with switched capacitors or made with an active filter.
  8. Portable object according to any of claims 4 to 7, characterised in that the amplification (42) and conversion (44) means respectively include a circuit branch in which a transistor (TR1) and a resistor (R2) are mounted in series and an inverter connected in parallel across said circuit branch.
  9. Portable object according to claim 8, characterised in that the inverter is of the CMOS type.
  10. Portable object according to claims 8 or 9, characterised in that a polarisation resistor (R2) is mounted in parallel between the piezoelectric transducer (32) and the circuit branch including the transistor (TR1).
  11. Portable object according to any of claims 1 to 10, characterised in that the second electronic circuit includes:
    - switching means arranged to be activated upon reception of a pulsed control signal, these means supplying acoustic frequency pulses to the piezoelectric transducer (32);
    - means for supplying a voltage so as to cause an electrical current to flow in said switching means, and
    - a coil (L1) connected between the means supplying a voltage and said switching means, said piezoelectric transducer (32) being connected in parallel across the coil (L1).
  12. Portable object according to claim 11, characterised in that a capacitor (C1) is mounted between the coil (L1) and the piezoelectric transducer (28).
  13. Portable object according to claims 11 or 12, characterised in that the second electronic circuit further includes a diode connected in series with the coil (L1).
  14. Portable object according to any of claims 11 to 13, characterised in that the switching means are formed by a transistor operating in switching mode.
  15. Portable object according to claim 14, characterised in that the transistor (TR0) is a bipolar transistor.
EP00200646A 2000-02-24 2000-02-24 Portable object, in particular time piece, incorporating a piezo-electric transducer for manually introducing data Expired - Lifetime EP1128239B1 (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP00200646A EP1128239B1 (en) 2000-02-24 2000-02-24 Portable object, in particular time piece, incorporating a piezo-electric transducer for manually introducing data
AT00200646T ATE434782T1 (en) 2000-02-24 2000-02-24 WEARABLE OBJECT, IN PARTICULAR A CLOCK MOVEMENT, WITH A PIEZOELECTRIC TRANSDUCER FOR MANUALLY ENTERING DATA
DE60042444T DE60042444D1 (en) 2000-02-24 2000-02-24 Portable object, especially movement, with piezoelectric transducer for manual input of data

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP00200646A EP1128239B1 (en) 2000-02-24 2000-02-24 Portable object, in particular time piece, incorporating a piezo-electric transducer for manually introducing data

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1128239A1 EP1128239A1 (en) 2001-08-29
EP1128239B1 true EP1128239B1 (en) 2009-06-24

Family

ID=8171086

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00200646A Expired - Lifetime EP1128239B1 (en) 2000-02-24 2000-02-24 Portable object, in particular time piece, incorporating a piezo-electric transducer for manually introducing data

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1128239B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE434782T1 (en)
DE (1) DE60042444D1 (en)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2447790A1 (en) * 2010-10-27 2012-05-02 The Swatch Group Research and Development Ltd. Glass for sealing the top of the housing of a portable object
US20120306805A1 (en) * 2011-05-31 2012-12-06 Idt Technology Limited Hand-worn device with finger activation and control mechanisms
EP3062170A1 (en) * 2015-02-27 2016-08-31 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Electronic device
KR20160105268A (en) * 2015-02-27 2016-09-06 삼성전자주식회사 Electronic device

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1582507A (en) * 1978-05-24 1981-01-07 Seikosha Kk Piezoelectric vibrator driving circuit arrangements piezo-electrically driven sound generators and electronic timepieces including the same
US4618264A (en) * 1985-09-25 1986-10-21 Timex Corporation Acoustic alarm setting device for a timepiece
JPH0718934B2 (en) * 1986-11-18 1995-03-06 シチズン時計株式会社 Stopwatch

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE434782T1 (en) 2009-07-15
EP1128239A1 (en) 2001-08-29
DE60042444D1 (en) 2009-08-06

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