EP1124088A1 - Procédé d'isolation thermique d'une structure metallique a usage cryogenique - Google Patents
Procédé d'isolation thermique d'une structure metallique a usage cryogenique Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1124088A1 EP1124088A1 EP01400313A EP01400313A EP1124088A1 EP 1124088 A1 EP1124088 A1 EP 1124088A1 EP 01400313 A EP01400313 A EP 01400313A EP 01400313 A EP01400313 A EP 01400313A EP 1124088 A1 EP1124088 A1 EP 1124088A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- thickness
- foam
- projection
- additional
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D7/50—Multilayers
- B05D7/56—Three layers or more
- B05D7/58—No clear coat specified
- B05D7/586—No clear coat specified each layer being cured, at least partially, separately
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
- F17C13/001—Thermal insulation specially adapted for cryogenic vessels
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
- F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
- F17C2203/0658—Synthetics
- F17C2203/066—Plastics
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for provide thermal insulation of a structure metallic such as a tank or piping, to cryogenic use.
- a privileged application of the invention concerns the thermal insulation of tanks and cryogenic circuits belonging to vehicles or to devices used in the aeronautical fields and spatial.
- insulation thermal is generally obtained by sticking thermally insulating panels on the surfaces to protect from the structure.
- the panels glues are produced separately beforehand.
- This technique has the advantage of control the thickness of the material ensuring the insulation thermal of the structure.
- it is of a complex and costly implementation.
- she is unsuitable for the protection of large structures dimensions and complex shapes, such as structures with singularities, ribs, bosses, etc.
- the metal structure protect is a small structure such that, for example, piping carrying a product cryogenic, we usually inject the material of thermal insulation in a mold, inside from which the structure to be protected has been placed beforehand.
- this technique injection allows to control the thickness of the material thermal insulation covering the structure protect.
- its implementation is also complex and expensive.
- she is also unsuitable for protecting a complex structure and large dimensions.
- the thickness of the projected material on the structure (usually between 10 mm and 60 mm) would be difficult to control, especially made of the projection of a thick layer which usually done with a large pistol debit. Indeed, the product deposited in large quantities would react in a non-homogeneous way and with difficulty manageable. In addition, extra thicknesses would appear inevitably in the overlap areas between the adjacent solidified foam previously deposited and the foam being deposited. This would require machining subsequent thermal insulation after projection.
- the thermally insulating material may degrade at high temperature.
- the subject of the invention is precisely a thermal insulation process of a structure metallic for cryogenic use, the design of which original allows it to deal with structures of various sizes and shapes, such as structures large complexes, allowing a mass production at a reasonable industrial cost.
- the use an epoxy resin primary coating facilitates the adhesion of the polyurethane foam on the metallic structure.
- projections of the bonding layer and of the layers additional are carried out under an atmosphere of which the temperature is regulated at 20 ° C ⁇ 2 ° C.
- the humidity of the atmosphere in which the projections are made the bonding layer and the layers advantageously is regulated between 30% and 60%.
- the projections of the layer hooking and additional layers preferably at high pressure, between 100 bars and 180 bars. This contributes to improve the adhesion of said layers to each other and on the primary coating, and also to optimize foam insulation characteristics.
- said projections are made advantageously from a nozzle located at a distance. of the surface of the structure between 60 cm and 80 cm.
- each of additional layers are preferably projected when the previous layer is stiffened.
- the projections of the bonding layer and additional layers are made in mixing a polyol and an isocyanate.
- This mixture is advantageously carried out in proportions of one for one in volume.
- this type of products thixotropés has a very short cream time (about three seconds) which significantly improves the adhesion, the quality of the foam obtained, and the control of the thickness of the coating.
- the installation of the primary coating on the surface to be protected is preferably carried out by projection.
- the surface of the metal structure is prepared for cryogenic use that one wishes to protect thermally.
- This surface preparation which can take different forms well known to man the job, has the function of giving said surface a sufficient surface tension to ensure optimal adhesion of the primary coating. She generally consists of one or more degreasing.
- this stage of surface preparation is followed by a laying step a primary coating on the surface of the structure to protect.
- This primary coating consists of a epoxy resin chosen so that it can keep its properties up to cryogenic temperature about 20 K. Installation of the primary coating preferably done by projection. Thickness said coating is advantageously between 10 ⁇ m and 50 ⁇ m and, preferably, substantially equal to 20 ⁇ m.
- the machine intended to ensure the projection of the polyurethane foam is then prepared and a certain parameters are set, in order to comply as best as possible with the operating conditions required.
- the projection machine includes a gun high pressure sprayer capable of ensuring good properties and good adhesion of the foam insulating.
- This pistol is equipped with a nozzle, the shape and section are chosen according to the shapes of surfaces to be protected and the desired projection rate.
- the nozzle may be round jet or jet flat, depending on whether the surface to be protected is relatively flat or hollow. Setting the displayed pressure on the gun allows, together with the size of the nozzle, to control the flow of the projected material. In practice, this pressure will generally be between 100 bars and 180 bars, depending on the nozzle used.
- the projection machine also includes pipes connecting the gun to two tanks containing a polyol and an isocyanate respectively.
- the mixture between these two products is carried out in the projection, advantageously in proportions of one for one in volume.
- Heating means placed at the outlet from each of the two tanks, allow to bring products at a temperature between 45 ° C and 55 ° C, depending on the gun and nozzle used. This heating allows in particular to spray the foam at a temperature which provides thermal properties optimized insulation, in combination with others operating parameters such as high projection pressure and product specific characteristics used.
- a polyol and an isocyanate provides a thixotropic foam whose time of cream is particularly short (about 3 seconds).
- a foam of this type ensures a good adhesion and contributes, as we already have observed, when obtaining insulation properties optimized. It also helps to control more easily the quantity of product deposited.
- the settings made at this stage concern also the projection distance, i.e. the distance between the nozzle and the surface to be insulated.
- This projection distance is adjusted so as to be between 60 cm and 80 cm depending on the type of nozzle selected. It should be noted that compliance with this distance also helps to ensure good adhesion of the foam on its support and to optimize its thermally insulating properties.
- the relative displacement between the gun projection and the structure to be insulated is advantageously automated. If the structure to be protected is a tank, this automation can be obtained by rotating the tank around its axis, at regulated speed, using appropriate means. In this In this case, the settings made at this stage concern also the projection time, i.e. the rotational speed of the structure to be protected. This adjustment is made taking into account the nature of. the surface on which the thermal insulation material must be projected.
- the projection machine is placed in a room whose atmosphere is controlled.
- the temperature of the environment (which determines the temperature of the metal structure to be protected) is regulated at 20 ° C ⁇ 2 ° C.
- the humidity of the environment is regulated between 30% and 60%. It should be noted that this control can be achieved in a simple and easy way implement industrially.
- first layer we spray a first layer, thin, polyurethane foam on the primary coating previously laid on the structure metallic.
- This first layer is called “layer ". Its thickness, preferably close to 3 mm, is in any case less than 5 mm.
- This thin bonding layer forms a energy dispersion layer. Indeed, the energy necessary for foam expansion dissipates quickly in the metal structure, which is ambient temperature. This leads to a foam with lower performing characteristics, because it has a high density. However, the low thickness of the bonding layer limits the consequences of lowering the characteristics of the foam to this area of reduced thickness.
- the bonding layer constitutes, with respect to the layers which will be projected later, a layer insulating then allowing the foam to expand normally without the need to heat the metallic structure. The industrial implementation of the process is thus greatly facilitated.
- the thickness of said layer is measured, in order to control.
- This measurement can be made using any means of non-destructive thickness measurement such as than an eddy current sensor, or the like.
- projection times and bit rates can be adjusted according to the zones, so that thermal insulation of the structure present the desired final thickness, with good precision, after the projection of additional layers of the polyurethane foam. This avoids extra thicknesses which could require machining after the projection of the last layer.
- the thickness of each of the additional layers deposited after the layer hooking is determined according to the thickness final desired for thermal insulation. So is even the number of these additional layers.
- the thickness is determined and the number of each of the additional layers deposited after the projection of the bonding layer preferably giving each of these layers additional thickness between 5 mm and 10 mm.
- 12 mm thermal insulation thickness can be obtained by projecting successively three layers of polyurethane including the bonding layer.
- insulation about 40 mm thick can be obtained by successively projecting five or six layers of polyurethane including the bonding layer.
- the interval of time between the projection of two layers successive polyurethanes can be very short.
- the rapid hardening of the foam requires simply a minimum time interval of 5 min between two layers. This ensures perfect adhesion of the layers to each other.
- thermal insulation is produced which has the required thermal insulation qualities.
- the bonding layer of low thickness adheres satisfactorily with the primary coating and therefore with the metallic structure, in particular thanks to the characteristics of the projected products, at the projection under high pressure and respecting a distance of satisfactory projection.
- the projection of the foam by successive layers and thickness control of each layer provides insulation thickness thermal controlled without it being necessary to carry out further machining.
- the resistance of the coating to transient thermal stresses is obtained thanks to a flame retardant, which is easy to apply and allows good resistance to thermal fluxes, contained in the polyol isocyanate foam.
- the projection of the foam in successive layers makes it possible to control the degradation of the material, without any propagation throughout the thickness of the coating. Indeed, the surface of each layer plays the role of thermal barrier, during a thermal attack. Thus, tests have shown that the coating exhibits only surface degradation and a slight reduction in its thickness, under fluxes up to 67 kW / m 2 .
- the density of the coating is between 50 kg / m 3 and 70 kg / m 3 .
- the average thermal conductivity of the coating varies between 0.022 W / mK and 0.044 W / mK and its average heat capacity varies between 570 J / Kg.K and 1605 J / Kg.K.
- the types of epoxy resin and polyurethane foam used to form the primary coating and thermal insulation can be any, in the to the extent that these products provide the desired characteristics.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Thermal Insulation (AREA)
- Insulated Conductors (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- pose d'un revêtement primaire d'une résine époxy sur une surface de ladite structure, à isoler thermiquement ;
- projection d'une couche d'accrochage d'une mousse de polyuréthanne, d'épaisseur inférieure à 5 mm, sur ledit revêtement primaire ;
- mesure de l'épaisseur de la mousse déposée sur la structure ;
- projection d'au moins une couche supplémentaire de ladite mousse de polyuréthanne, jusqu'à obtention d'une épaisseur désirée de mousse de polyuréthanne, chaque projection étant suivie d'une nouvelle mesure de l'épaisseur de la mousse déposée sur la structure et chaque couche supplémentaire ayant une épaisseur, fonction de l'épaisseur de mousse mesurée précédemment.
Claims (11)
- Procédé d'isolation thermique d'une structure métallique à usage cryogénique, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend les étapes suivantes :pose d'un revêtement primaire d'une résine époxy sur une surface de ladite structure, à isoler thermiquement ;projection d'une couche d'accrochage d'une mousse de polyuréthanne, d'épaisseur inférieure à 5 mm, sur ledit revêtement primaire ;mesure de l'épaisseur de la mousse déposée sur la structure ;projection d'au moins une couche supplémentaire de ladite mousse de polyuréthanne, jusqu'à obtention d'une épaisseur désirée de mousse de polyuréthanne, chaque projection étant suivie d'une nouvelle mesure de l'épaisseur de la mousse déposée sur la structure, et chaque couche supplémentaire ayant une épaisseur déterminée en fonction de l'épaisseur de la mousse mesurée précédemment.
- Procédé selon la revendication 1, dans lequel chaque couche supplémentaire a une épaisseur au plus égale à environ 10 mm.
- Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 et 2, dans lequel les projections de la couche d'accrochage et de chaque couche supplémentaire s'effectuent sous une atmosphère dont la température est régulée à 20°C ± 2°C.
- Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, dans lequel les projections de la couche d'accrochage et de chaque couche supplémentaire s'effectuent sous une atmosphère dont l'hygrométrie est régulée entre 30 % et 60 %.
- Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel les projections de la couche d'accrochage et de chaque couche supplémentaire s'effectuent à une pression comprise entre 100 bars et 180 bars.
- Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel les projections de la couche d'accrochage et de chaque couche supplémentaire s'effectuent à partir d'une buse située à une distance de ladite surface de la structure comprise entre 60 cm et 80 cm.
- Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel un intervalle de temps minimal d'au moins 5 minutes sépare deux projections.
- Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel les projections de la couche d'accrochage et de chaque couche supplémentaire s'effectuent en mélangeant un polyol et un isocyanate.
- Procédé selon la revendication 8, dans lequel on mélange le polyol et l'isocyanate dans des proportions de un pour un en volume.
- Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 8 et 9, dans lequel on maintient les températures du polyol et de l'isocyanate entre 45°C et 55°C.
- Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel on dépose le revêtement primaire sur ladite surface par projection.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0001724A FR2805023B1 (fr) | 2000-02-11 | 2000-02-11 | Procede d'isolation thermique d'une structure metallique a usage cryogenique |
FR0001724 | 2000-02-11 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1124088A1 true EP1124088A1 (fr) | 2001-08-16 |
EP1124088B1 EP1124088B1 (fr) | 2008-07-16 |
Family
ID=8846911
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP01400313A Expired - Lifetime EP1124088B1 (fr) | 2000-02-11 | 2001-02-08 | Procédé d'isolation thermique d'une structure metallique a usage cryogenique |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1124088B1 (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE401527T1 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE60134803D1 (fr) |
ES (1) | ES2310542T3 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2805023B1 (fr) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2860059A1 (fr) * | 2003-09-18 | 2005-03-25 | Cryospace L Air Liquide Aerosp | Procede d'isolation thermique d'un double fond separant deux ergols d'un reservoir |
FR2903114A1 (fr) * | 2006-07-03 | 2008-01-04 | Cryospace L Air Liquide Aerosp | Primaire d'accrochage pour tenue cryogenique et son utilisation |
FR2904086A1 (fr) * | 2006-07-19 | 2008-01-25 | Cryospace L Air Liquide Aerosp | Procede de reparation d'un revetement thermiquement isolant a la surface d'un equipement cryotechnique en cas d'anomalie d'adherence |
FR3018904A1 (fr) * | 2014-03-20 | 2015-09-25 | Air Liquide | Appareil de separation de gaz par distillation ou lavage a une temperature subambiante |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2283188A (en) * | 1993-10-26 | 1995-05-03 | Balmoral Group | Coating rotating pipes from dispensing heads moving parallel to rotary axis |
EP0943372A2 (fr) * | 1998-03-19 | 1999-09-22 | Peter Ribnitz | Régulateur commandé de débit de poudre |
-
2000
- 2000-02-11 FR FR0001724A patent/FR2805023B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2001
- 2001-02-08 EP EP01400313A patent/EP1124088B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-02-08 DE DE60134803T patent/DE60134803D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-02-08 ES ES01400313T patent/ES2310542T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-02-08 AT AT01400313T patent/ATE401527T1/de active
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2283188A (en) * | 1993-10-26 | 1995-05-03 | Balmoral Group | Coating rotating pipes from dispensing heads moving parallel to rotary axis |
EP0943372A2 (fr) * | 1998-03-19 | 1999-09-22 | Peter Ribnitz | Régulateur commandé de débit de poudre |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2860059A1 (fr) * | 2003-09-18 | 2005-03-25 | Cryospace L Air Liquide Aerosp | Procede d'isolation thermique d'un double fond separant deux ergols d'un reservoir |
FR2903114A1 (fr) * | 2006-07-03 | 2008-01-04 | Cryospace L Air Liquide Aerosp | Primaire d'accrochage pour tenue cryogenique et son utilisation |
EP1876382A1 (fr) * | 2006-07-03 | 2008-01-09 | Cryospace l'Air Liquide Aerospatiale | Primaire d'accrochage pour tenue cryogénique et son utilisation |
FR2904086A1 (fr) * | 2006-07-19 | 2008-01-25 | Cryospace L Air Liquide Aerosp | Procede de reparation d'un revetement thermiquement isolant a la surface d'un equipement cryotechnique en cas d'anomalie d'adherence |
FR3018904A1 (fr) * | 2014-03-20 | 2015-09-25 | Air Liquide | Appareil de separation de gaz par distillation ou lavage a une temperature subambiante |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2805023B1 (fr) | 2002-09-13 |
ES2310542T3 (es) | 2009-01-16 |
FR2805023A1 (fr) | 2001-08-17 |
EP1124088B1 (fr) | 2008-07-16 |
ATE401527T1 (de) | 2008-08-15 |
DE60134803D1 (de) | 2008-08-28 |
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