EP1118816B1 - Stove and device for increasing the combustion characteristics of such a stove - Google Patents

Stove and device for increasing the combustion characteristics of such a stove Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1118816B1
EP1118816B1 EP01100799A EP01100799A EP1118816B1 EP 1118816 B1 EP1118816 B1 EP 1118816B1 EP 01100799 A EP01100799 A EP 01100799A EP 01100799 A EP01100799 A EP 01100799A EP 1118816 B1 EP1118816 B1 EP 1118816B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
throttle
probe
valve element
regulating circuit
limiting value
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP01100799A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1118816A3 (en
EP1118816A2 (en
Inventor
Josef Tschirky
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Spiess AG
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Spiess AG
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Publication date
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Publication of EP1118816A2 publication Critical patent/EP1118816A2/en
Publication of EP1118816A3 publication Critical patent/EP1118816A3/en
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Publication of EP1118816B1 publication Critical patent/EP1118816B1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24B—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES FOR SOLID FUELS; IMPLEMENTS FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH STOVES OR RANGES
    • F24B1/00—Stoves or ranges
    • F24B1/02—Closed stoves
    • F24B1/028—Closed stoves with means for regulating combustion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N1/00—Regulating fuel supply
    • F23N1/06—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with draught
    • F23N1/062—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with draught using electronic means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N3/00—Regulating air supply or draught
    • F23N3/08—Regulating air supply or draught by power-assisted systems
    • F23N3/085—Regulating air supply or draught by power-assisted systems using electrical or electromechanical means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/26—Details
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2223/00—Signal processing; Details thereof
    • F23N2223/08—Microprocessor; Microcomputer
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2225/00—Measuring
    • F23N2225/08—Measuring temperature
    • F23N2225/10—Measuring temperature stack temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2225/00—Measuring
    • F23N2225/26—Measuring humidity
    • F23N2225/30—Measuring humidity measuring lambda
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2235/00—Valves, nozzles or pumps
    • F23N2235/02—Air or combustion gas valves or dampers
    • F23N2235/04—Air or combustion gas valves or dampers in stacks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2235/00—Valves, nozzles or pumps
    • F23N2235/02—Air or combustion gas valves or dampers
    • F23N2235/10—Air or combustion gas valves or dampers power assisted, e.g. using electric motors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/003—Systems for controlling combustion using detectors sensitive to combustion gas properties
    • F23N5/006—Systems for controlling combustion using detectors sensitive to combustion gas properties the detector being sensitive to oxygen

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for a solid fuel furnace in the living area according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • Furnaces for generating usable heat, especially in the home, by combustion of solid fuels, especially wood must meet certain legal requirements regarding the composition of the exhaust gases, which often can not be readily met, and it is an object of the invention to provide a device for a furnace for Specify solid fuels in the living area, which not only meets the necessary requirements, but also has an improved combustion efficiency.
  • the device according to the present invention differs from the subject matter of the patent EP 0 604 388 A1 in that the throttle with the valve member is located in the region of the exhaust gases and not in the region of the air supply, as well as by a special type of regulation of the valve member.
  • the device for a solid fuel stove in the living area according to the present invention differs from the gas firing system according to the patent EP 0 409 790 A1 In addition, it includes a control circuit that operates with two different limits.
  • the furnace 1 shown in Fig. 1 comprises a furnace body 2 with an inner combustion chamber final door 3 and a device 4 with a so-called throttle 5.
  • the device 4 is connected to a flue pipe 6, and the furnace body 2 and the device 4 are through a connecting pipe 7 connected to each other for exhaust gases.
  • the furnace 11 illustrated in FIG. 2 comprises a furnace body 12 having a door 13 closing an inner combustion chamber and a device 14 having a throttle 15.
  • the device 14 is connected to a chimney pipe 16, and the furnace body 12 and the device 14 are connected by connecting pipes 17 and 17 'connected to a so-called heat box 18 for exhaust gases.
  • the furnace 21 shown in FIG. 3 comprises a furnace body 22 having a door 23 closing an inner combustion chamber and means 24 having a throttle 25.
  • the device 24 is connected to a chimney pipe 26, and the furnace body 22 and the device 24 are connected by connecting pipes 27 and 27 'for exhaust gases connected to a so-called heat box 28.
  • the furnace bodies 2, 12, 22 in FIGS. 1 to 3 can be of a known construction and have any other elements not shown in the figures.
  • the heat boxes 18 and 28 may be, for example, a gas-flash box or a heat exchanger, optionally for water or other purposes.
  • the throttle of the devices 4, 14 and / or 24 has a valve member, such as a tilting flap or a sliding plate, etc.
  • the device 40 according to FIG. 4 comprises a throttle 41 with a valve member, for example a flap 42, a motor or drive 43, a so-called lambda probe 44, a temperature probe 45 and a pressure probe 46.
  • a valve member for example a flap 42
  • a motor or drive 43 for example, be arranged coaxially with the flap 42.
  • the elements 44, 45 and 46 which are per se known probes, are preferably located directly below the throttle 41 and are provided to measure lambda values, temperature and pressure in the tube 47.
  • Lambda probes are sensors that compare the oxygen content in the exhaust gas with a reference value, for example, with the oxygen content in the outside air.
  • the drive 43 may be a stepper motor, a linear motor, a servomotor, an actuator, a servomechanism, etc.
  • the drive 43 and probes 44, 45 and 46 are connected to a control assembly 50 ( Figure 5) .
  • the furnace according to the invention can in principle also work with only one of the probes 44 and / or 45 and / or 46.
  • the control arrangement 50 according to FIG. 5 comprises an amplifier circuit 51, a linearizer 52 and a control circuit 53, which is preferably a commercially available programmable control unit, for example of the SPS type, provided with a display 54.
  • the linearizer 52 may also be omitted.
  • the device according to the invention comprises at least the control circuit 53 provided for the purpose of the present invention.
  • the furnaces according to the invention with the device according to Fig. 4 operate as follows: One of the probes 44, 45 and / or 46, which are located in the devices 4, 14 and 24 respectively, measures a corresponding parameter. If a lambda value is preferably measured with the aid of a commercially available lambda probe, it supplies a voltage, for example in the range from -10 to 30 mV, which the amplifier 51 preferably amplifies in a range from 0 to 10 volts. Optionally, a region of interest of the corresponding function may be linearized by the linearizer 52.
  • the control circuit 53 constantly receives the instantaneous voltage value ⁇ (t) obtained in this way and compares it with an upper limit value Lo.
  • the control circuit 53 provides a trigger signal Sgo ( Figure 6) to the motor 43 such that it closes the flap 42 stepwise or continuously, for example at an angle ⁇ per second.
  • the combustion conditions change such that the current lambda value measured by the lambda probe becomes smaller.
  • the control circuit 53 supplies a trigger signal Sgu to the motor 43 so as to open the shutter stepwise or continuously.
  • the instantaneous lambda value will always be within the two thresholds Lo and Lu.
  • the values for Lo and Lu can be determined experimentally for each type of furnace.
  • the signals Sgo and Sgu may be the same or similar, and another signal Sd and / or Sd 'may be provided as a criterion for the direction of movement of the drive 43.
  • the control circuit 53 may provide another trigger signal Sgm if the current one Lambda value ⁇ (t) exceeds or exceeds a mean limit value Lm such that the motor 43 then stops and the flap 42 remains in the reached position.
  • the signal supplied by the temperature probe 45 should serve as a switch-on criterion for the control circuit 53, especially at the beginning, when the open is cold, the lambda control not immediately turn on, as long as the temperature is an upper limit To, for example between 100 ° and 300 °, preferably has not reached between 110 ° and 130 °. It is also a lower temperature limit Tu, for example of the order of 100 ° provided to turn off the lambda control.
  • the door 3 is designed so that when it is open, a door switch is active, which opens the flap 42, at the same time a lamp 55 can flash and / or an audible alarm is pressed for a predetermined time and / or on the display a corresponding Display appears. Lambda values and temperature and / or pressure can also be shown in the display. A renewed closing of the door 3 causes an immediate or possibly a delayed switching on the control. If after a time De, for example after 20 minutes, the temperature limit To not reached, so this is also evaluated as a special alarm, and also visually and / or acoustically and / or in the display.
  • the device additionally includes a switch 56 for manual operation or automatic operation.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Electric Means (AREA)
  • Regulation And Control Of Combustion (AREA)
  • Solid-Fuel Combustion (AREA)
  • Feeding And Controlling Fuel (AREA)
  • Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)

Abstract

The oven has an internal combustion chamber, a device containing a choke (41) with a valve element (42) for exhaust gases, a choke drive (43) and at least one probe (44) and a device with a regulating circuit for regulating the choke in accordance with a signal produced by the probe, which is mounted directly underneath the valve element of the choke. Independent claims are also included for the following: an arrangement for an oven with a regulating circuit.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung für einen Ofen für feste Brennstoffe im Wohnbereich nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1.The present invention relates to a device for a solid fuel furnace in the living area according to the preamble of patent claim 1.

Öfen mit derartigen Vorrichtungen sind beispielsweise aus den Patentschriften EP 0 604 388 A1 , US-4,846,400 und EP 0 409 790 A1 bekannt.Ovens with such devices are for example from the patents EP 0 604 388 A1 . US 4,846,400 and EP 0 409 790 A1 known.

Öfen zur Erzeugung nutzbarer Wärme, insbesondere im Wohnbereich, durch Verbrennung fester Brennstoffe, insbesondere Holz müssen bestimmten gesetzlichen Anforderungen bezüglich der Zusammensetzung der Abgase genügen, die oft nicht ohne weiteres erfüllt werden können, und es ist Aufgabe der Erfindung, eine Vorrichtung für einen Ofen für feste Brennstoffe im Wohnbereich anzugeben, der nicht nur die notwendigen Forderungen erfüllt, sondern auch einen verbesserten Verbrennungswirkungsgrad aufweist.Furnaces for generating usable heat, especially in the home, by combustion of solid fuels, especially wood must meet certain legal requirements regarding the composition of the exhaust gases, which often can not be readily met, and it is an object of the invention to provide a device for a furnace for Specify solid fuels in the living area, which not only meets the necessary requirements, but also has an improved combustion efficiency.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch eine Vorrichtung mit den im kennzeichnenden Teil des Patentanspruchs 1 angegebenen Merkmalen gelöst.This object is achieved by a device having the features specified in the characterizing part of patent claim 1.

Die Patentschrift US-4,846,400 beschreibt eine mechanische Vorrichtung mit einem elektrischen Motor zur Steuerung der Temperatur der Abgase eines Ofens innerhalb eines vorgegebenen Bereichs mit Hilfe von thermischen Bimetallschaltern, die sich bei 300°F (=149°C), bei 400°F (=204°C) oder bei 500°F (=260°C) ein- oder ausschalten, sowie von weiteren Schaltern, die über eine Nockenwelle, Kurvenscheiben und Stössel betätigt werden, um ein Ventilorgan für die Abgase zu steuern, woraus sich verschiedene Schaltmöglichkeiten ergeben, die auch von Hand eingestellt werden können. Aus Sicherheitsgründen schliesst der Motor das Ventilorgan für die Abgase des Ofens, wenn eine Temperatur von 500°F (=260°C) überschritten wird, wobei die Vorrichtung dann auch einen Alarm abgibt. Im Gegensatz dazu werden bei der Vorrichtung nach der vorliegenden Erfindung zwei Spannungsgrenzwerte eines Ober eine Sonde empfangenen Signals überwacht, um über eine elektronische Regelschaltung eine Feinregelung zu erreichen, die zu einer Verbesserung des Verbrennungswirkungsgrades eines Ofens im Wohnbereich führt.The patent US 4,846,400 describes a mechanical device with an electric motor for controlling the temperature of the exhaust gases of a furnace within a predetermined range by means of thermal bimetallic switches operating at 300 ° F (= 149 ° C), at 400 ° F (= 204 ° C) or at 500 ° F (= 260 ° C) on or off, as well as other switches that are operated via a camshaft, cams and plunger to control a valve body for the exhaust gases, resulting in various Switching options result, which can also be adjusted by hand. For safety reasons, when the temperature exceeds 500 ° F (= 260 ° C), the engine closes the furnace exhaust valve, which then also gives an alarm. In contrast, in the apparatus of the present invention, two voltage thresholds of a signal received by a probe are monitored to achieve fine control through an electronic control circuit, which results in improving the combustion efficiency of a domestic stove.

Die Vorrichtung nach der vorliegenden Erfindung unterscheidet sich vom Gegenstand der Patentschrift EP 0 604 388 A1 darin, dass sich die Drossel mit dem Ventilorgan im Bereich der Abgase und nicht im Bereich der Luftzufuhr befindet, sowie auch durch eine spezielle Art der Regelung des Ventilorgans.The device according to the present invention differs from the subject matter of the patent EP 0 604 388 A1 in that the throttle with the valve member is located in the region of the exhaust gases and not in the region of the air supply, as well as by a special type of regulation of the valve member.

Die Vorrichtung für einen Ofen für feste Brennstoffe im Wohnbereich nach der vorliegenden Erfindung unterscheidet sich von der Feuerungsanlage für Gas nach Patentschrift EP 0 409 790 A1 zusätzlich darin, dass sie eine Regelschaltung umfasst, die mit zwei unterschiedlich festgelegten Grenzwerten arbeitet.The device for a solid fuel stove in the living area according to the present invention differs from the gas firing system according to the patent EP 0 409 790 A1 In addition, it includes a control circuit that operates with two different limits.

Weitere vorteilhafte Ausführungen der Erfindung sind in den abhängigen Ansprüchen angegeben.Further advantageous embodiments of the invention are specified in the dependent claims.

ZEICHNUNGENDRAWINGS

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend beispielsweise an Hand von Zeichnungen näher erläutert.
Es zeigen:

Fig. 1 bis 3
schematische Darstellungen verschiedener Varianten eines Ofens,
Fig. 4
eine schematische Darstellung einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung zur Verbesserung der Verbrennungseigenschaften eines solchen Ofens,
Fig. 5
ein Blockschaltbild einer Steueranordnung für einen solchen Ofen, und
Fig. 6
ein Impulsdiagramm zur Erläuterung der Arbeitsweise einer solchen Regelung.
The invention will be explained in more detail below, for example, with reference to drawings.
Show it:
Fig. 1 to 3
schematic representations of different variants of a furnace,
Fig. 4
a schematic representation of an apparatus according to the invention for improving the combustion characteristics of such a furnace,
Fig. 5
a block diagram of a control arrangement for such a furnace, and
Fig. 6
a timing diagram for explaining the operation of such a scheme.

Der in Fig. 1 gezeigte Ofen 1 umfasst einen Ofenkörper 2 mit einer eine innere Brennkammer abschließenden Tür 3 und eine Einrichtung 4 mit einer sogenannten Drossel 5. Die Einrichtung 4 ist an ein Kaminrohr 6 angeschlossen, und der Ofenkörper 2 und die Einrichtung 4 sind durch ein Verbindungsrohr 7 für Abgase miteinander verbunden.The furnace 1 shown in Fig. 1 comprises a furnace body 2 with an inner combustion chamber final door 3 and a device 4 with a so-called throttle 5. The device 4 is connected to a flue pipe 6, and the furnace body 2 and the device 4 are through a connecting pipe 7 connected to each other for exhaust gases.

Der in Fig. 2 dargestellte Ofen 11 umfasst einen Ofenkörper 12 mit einer eine innere Brennkammer abschließenden Tür 13 und eine Einrichtung 14 mit einer Drossel 15. Die Einrichtung 14 ist an ein Kaminrohr 16 angeschlossen, und der Ofenkörper 12 und die Einrichtung 14 sind durch Verbindungsrohre 17 und 17' für Abgase mit einem sogenannten Wärmekasten 18 verbunden.The furnace 11 illustrated in FIG. 2 comprises a furnace body 12 having a door 13 closing an inner combustion chamber and a device 14 having a throttle 15. The device 14 is connected to a chimney pipe 16, and the furnace body 12 and the device 14 are connected by connecting pipes 17 and 17 'connected to a so-called heat box 18 for exhaust gases.

Der in Fig. 3 gezeigte Ofen 21 umfasst einen Ofenkörper 22 mit einer eine innere Brennkammer abschließenden Tür 23 und eine Einrichtung 24 mit einer Drossel 25. Die Einrichtung 24 ist an ein Kaminrohr 26 angeschlossen, und der Ofenkörper 22 und die Einrichtung 24 sind durch Verbindungsrohre 27 und 27' für Abgase mit einem sogenannten Wärmekasten 28 verbunden.The furnace 21 shown in FIG. 3 comprises a furnace body 22 having a door 23 closing an inner combustion chamber and means 24 having a throttle 25. The device 24 is connected to a chimney pipe 26, and the furnace body 22 and the device 24 are connected by connecting pipes 27 and 27 'for exhaust gases connected to a so-called heat box 28.

Die Ofenkörper 2, 12, 22 in den Figuren 1 bis 3 können an sich bekannter Bauweise sein und beliebige weitere in den Figuren nicht dargestellte Elemente aufweisen. Die Wärmekasten 18 und 28 (Fig. 2, 3) können beispielsweise ein Gas-Sturzzug-Kasten oder ein Wärmetauscher gegebenenfalls für Wasser oder andere Zwecke sein. Die Drossel der Einrichtungen 4, 14 und/oder 24 weist ein Ventilorgan, beispielsweise eine kippbare Klappe oder eine Schiebeplatte usw. auf.The furnace bodies 2, 12, 22 in FIGS. 1 to 3 can be of a known construction and have any other elements not shown in the figures. The heat boxes 18 and 28 (Figures 2, 3) may be, for example, a gas-flash box or a heat exchanger, optionally for water or other purposes. The throttle of the devices 4, 14 and / or 24 has a valve member, such as a tilting flap or a sliding plate, etc.

Die Einrichtung 40 nach Fig. 4 umfasst eine Drossel 41 mit einem Ventilorgan, beispielsweise einer Klappe 42, einen Motor oder Antrieb 43, eine sogenannte Lambda-Sonde 44, eine Temperatursonde 45 und eine Drucksonde 46. Abweichend von der Darstellung in Fig. 4 kann der Antrieb 43 beispielsweise auch koaxial zur Klappe 42 angeordnet sein. Die Elemente 44, 45 und 46, die an sich bekannte Sonden sind, befinden sich vorzugsweise direkt unterhalb der Drossel 41 und sind vorgesehen, um Lambda-Werte, Temperatur und Druck im Rohr 47 zu messen. Lambda-Sonden sind Messfühler, die den Sauerstoffgehalt im Abgas mit einem Referenzwert, beispielsweise mit dem Sauerstoffgehalt in der Außenluft vergleichen. Im Sinne der vorliegenden Erfindung kann der Antrieb 43 ein Schrittmotor, ein Linearmotor, ein Stellmotor, ein Stellglied, ein Servomechanismus usw. sein. Der Antrieb 43 und die Sonden 44, 45 und 46 sind an eine Steueranordnung 50 (Fig. 5) angeschlossen. Der Ofen nach der Erfindung kann grundsätzlich auch mit nur einer der Sonden 44 und/oder 45 und /oder 46 arbeiten.The device 40 according to FIG. 4 comprises a throttle 41 with a valve member, for example a flap 42, a motor or drive 43, a so-called lambda probe 44, a temperature probe 45 and a pressure probe 46. Notwithstanding the illustration in FIG the drive 43, for example, be arranged coaxially with the flap 42. The elements 44, 45 and 46, which are per se known probes, are preferably located directly below the throttle 41 and are provided to measure lambda values, temperature and pressure in the tube 47. Lambda probes are sensors that compare the oxygen content in the exhaust gas with a reference value, for example, with the oxygen content in the outside air. For the purposes of the present invention, the drive 43 may be a stepper motor, a linear motor, a servomotor, an actuator, a servomechanism, etc. The drive 43 and probes 44, 45 and 46 are connected to a control assembly 50 (Figure 5) . The furnace according to the invention can in principle also work with only one of the probes 44 and / or 45 and / or 46.

Die Steueranordnung 50 nach Fig. 5 umfasst eine Verstärkerschaltung 51, einen Linearisierer 52 und eine Regelschaltung 53, die vorzugsweise eine handelsübliche programmierbare mit einem Display 54 versehene Regeleinheit, beispielsweise vom Typ SPS ist. Der Linearisierer 52 kann auch entfallen. Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung umfasst mindestens die für den Zweck der vorliegenden Erfindung vorgesehene Regelschaltung 53.The control arrangement 50 according to FIG. 5 comprises an amplifier circuit 51, a linearizer 52 and a control circuit 53, which is preferably a commercially available programmable control unit, for example of the SPS type, provided with a display 54. The linearizer 52 may also be omitted. The device according to the invention comprises at least the control circuit 53 provided for the purpose of the present invention.

Die erfindungsgemäßen Öfen mit der Vorrichtung nach Fig. 4 arbeiten folgendermaßen: Eine der Sonden 44, 45 und/oder 46, die sich in den Einrichtungen 4, 14 bzw. 24 befinden, misst einen entsprechenden Parameter. Falls vorzugsweise mit Hilfe einer handelsüblichen Lambda-Sonde ein Lambda-Wert gemessen wird, liefert sie eine Spannung, beispielsweise im Bereich von -10 bis 30 mV, die der Verstärker 51 vorzugsweise in einem Bereich von 0 bis 10 Volt verstärkt. Gegebenenfalls kann ein interessierender Bereich der entsprechenden Funktion durch den Linearisierer 52 linearisiert werden. Die Regelschaltung 53 erhält ständig den auf dieser Weise gewonnenen momentanen Spannungswert λ(t) und vergleicht ihn mit einem oberen Grenzwert Lo. Solange λ(t) > Lo ist, liefert die Regelschaltung 53 ein Triggersignal Sgo (Fig. 6) an den Motor 43, derart, daß er die Klappe 42 schrittweise oder kontinuierlich schließt, zum Beispiel um einen Winkel Δϕ pro Sekunde. Dadurch ändern sich die Verbrennungsbedingungen derart, daß der von der Lambda-Sonde gemessene momentane Lambda-Wert kleiner wird. Wenn der Spannungswert λ(t) einen unteren Grenzwert Lu unterschreitet, liefert die Regelschaltung 53 ein Triggersignal Sgu an den Motor 43 derart, daß er die Klappe schrittweise oder kontinuierlich öffnet. Dadurch wird der momentane Lambda-Wert ständig innerhalb der zwei Schwellenwerte Lo und Lu liegen. Die Werte für Lo und Lu können experimentell für jeden Ofentyp bestimmt werden. Durch die Erfindung wurde die Erkenntnis gewonnen, daß der obere Grenzwert Lo zwischen λ = 1,5 und λ = 2,6 und der untere Grenzwert zwischen λ = 1,4 und λ = 2,1 sein kann, um eine gute Regelung zu erreichen. Vorzugsweise werden jedoch die Werte Lo = 1,82 und Lu = 1,78 gewählt. Die Signale Sgo und Sgu können gleich oder ähnlich sein, wobei ein anderes Signal Sd und/oder Sd' als Kriterium für die Bewegungsrichtung des Antriebs 43 vorgesehen sein kann. Die Regelschaltung 53 kann ein weiteres Triggersignal Sgm liefern, wenn der momentane Lambda-Wert λ(t) einen mittleren Grenzwert Lm unterschreitet oder überschreitet, derart, daß dann der Motor 43 stoppt, und die Klappe 42 in der erreichten Position verbleibt.The furnaces according to the invention with the device according to Fig. 4 operate as follows: One of the probes 44, 45 and / or 46, which are located in the devices 4, 14 and 24 respectively, measures a corresponding parameter. If a lambda value is preferably measured with the aid of a commercially available lambda probe, it supplies a voltage, for example in the range from -10 to 30 mV, which the amplifier 51 preferably amplifies in a range from 0 to 10 volts. Optionally, a region of interest of the corresponding function may be linearized by the linearizer 52. The control circuit 53 constantly receives the instantaneous voltage value λ (t) obtained in this way and compares it with an upper limit value Lo. As long as λ (t)> Lo, the control circuit 53 provides a trigger signal Sgo (Figure 6) to the motor 43 such that it closes the flap 42 stepwise or continuously, for example at an angle Δφ per second. As a result, the combustion conditions change such that the current lambda value measured by the lambda probe becomes smaller. When the voltage value λ (t) falls below a lower limit value Lu, the control circuit 53 supplies a trigger signal Sgu to the motor 43 so as to open the shutter stepwise or continuously. As a result, the instantaneous lambda value will always be within the two thresholds Lo and Lu. The values for Lo and Lu can be determined experimentally for each type of furnace. The invention has achieved the recognition that the upper limit Lo between λ = 1.5 and λ = 2.6 and the lower limit between λ = 1.4 and λ = 2.1 can be to achieve a good control , Preferably, however, the values Lo = 1.82 and Lu = 1.78 are selected. The signals Sgo and Sgu may be the same or similar, and another signal Sd and / or Sd 'may be provided as a criterion for the direction of movement of the drive 43. The control circuit 53 may provide another trigger signal Sgm if the current one Lambda value λ (t) exceeds or exceeds a mean limit value Lm such that the motor 43 then stops and the flap 42 remains in the reached position.

Die Triggersignale Sgo und Sgu können Folgen von Impulsen der Dauer Ti gefolgt von Pausen der Dauer Tp sein. Gute Ergebnisse wurden bei Werten 0,3 s < Ti < 3 s und 1s < Tp < 15 s erreicht. Vorzugsweise werden jedoch Werte in der Größenordnung von Ti = 1s und Tp = 4s verwendet, falls die Klappe mit einer Winkelgeschwindigkeit von etwa 0,3 bis 3 Grad pro Sekunde, vorzugsweise 1 Grad/s bewegt wird.The trigger signals Sgo and Sgu may be sequences of pulses of duration Ti followed by pauses of duration Tp. Good results were achieved at values of 0.3 s <Ti <3 s and 1 s <Tp <15 s. Preferably, however, values of the order of Ti = 1s and Tp = 4s are used if the flap is moved at an angular velocity of about 0.3 to 3 degrees per second, preferably 1 degree / sec.

Das von der Temperatursonde 45 gelieferte Signal soll als Einschaltkriterium für die Regelschaltung 53 dienen, um besonders am Anfang, wenn der Offen kalt ist, die Lambda-Regelung nicht sofort einzuschalten, solange die Temperatur einen oberen Grenzwert To beispielsweise zwischen 100° und 300°, vorzugsweise zwischen 110° und 130° nicht erreicht hat. Es ist auch ein unterer Temperaturgrenzwert Tu, beispielsweise in der Größenordnung von 100° vorgesehen, um die Lambda-Regelung auszuschalten.The signal supplied by the temperature probe 45 should serve as a switch-on criterion for the control circuit 53, especially at the beginning, when the open is cold, the lambda control not immediately turn on, as long as the temperature is an upper limit To, for example between 100 ° and 300 °, preferably has not reached between 110 ° and 130 °. It is also a lower temperature limit Tu, for example of the order of 100 ° provided to turn off the lambda control.

Die Tür 3 ist derart ausgestaltet, daß wenn sie offen ist, ein Türschalter aktiv wird, der die Klappe 42 aufmacht, wobei gleichzeitig eine Lampe 55 blinken kann und/oder ein akustischer Alarm für eine vorbestimmte Zeit betätigt wird und/oder im Display eine entsprechende Anzeige erscheint. Auch die Lambda-Werte und die Temperatur und/oder der Druck können im Display angezeigt werden. Ein erneutes Zuschließen der Tür 3 bewirkt ein sofortiges oder gegebenenfalls ein verzögertes Einschalten der Regelung. Wird nach einer Zeit De, beispielsweise nach 20 Minuten, der Temperaturgrenzwert To nicht erreicht, so wird dies ebenfalls als ein spezieller Alarm ausgewertet, und zwar ebenfalls optisch und/oder akustisch und/oder im Display. Die Vorrichtung umfasst zusätzlich einen Umschalter 56 auf manuellen Betrieb oder automatischen Betrieb.The door 3 is designed so that when it is open, a door switch is active, which opens the flap 42, at the same time a lamp 55 can flash and / or an audible alarm is pressed for a predetermined time and / or on the display a corresponding Display appears. Lambda values and temperature and / or pressure can also be shown in the display. A renewed closing of the door 3 causes an immediate or possibly a delayed switching on the control. If after a time De, for example after 20 minutes, the temperature limit To not reached, so this is also evaluated as a special alarm, and also visually and / or acoustically and / or in the display. The device additionally includes a switch 56 for manual operation or automatic operation.

Bei den Öfen nach der vorliegenden Erfindung können ohne weiteres nicht nur sehr gute Abgaswerte, insbesondere bezüglich CO, sondern auch Verbesserungen des Wirkungsgrades von etwa 10% erreicht werden, und zwar auch bei Naturzug, das heißt ohne Ventilator.In the furnaces according to the present invention not only very good exhaust gas values, in particular with respect to CO, but also improvements of the efficiency of about 10% can be readily achieved, even with natural draft, that is without fan.

Claims (12)

  1. A device for a furnace for solid fuels in the area, which has a furnace body (2) having an internal combustion chamber and an apparatus (40) which has a throttle (41) with a valve element (42) for exhaust gases, a drive (43) for the throttle (41), and at least one probe (44), and the device being provided with a regulating circuit (53) for regulating the throttle as a function of a signal provided by this probe (44), characterized in that the regulating circuit (53) of the device monitors an instantaneous voltage value obtained by the probe (44) to deliver signals (Sgo, Sd) to the drive (43) of the device (40) if an upper limiting value is being exceeded in such a way that the valve element (42) is closed step-by-step or continuously and, if the voltage value falls below a lower limiting value, the regulating circuit (53) delivers signals (Sgu, Sd') to the drive (43) in such a way that the valve element (42) is opened step-by-step or continuously.
  2. The device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the probe is a lambda probe (44) and an upper lambda limiting value (Lo) is selected between 1.5 and 2.6 and a lower lambda limiting value (Lu) is selected between 1.4 and 2.1.
  3. The device according to Claim 2, characterized in that the values Lo = 1.82 and Lu = 1.78 are selected for the limiting values Lo and Lu.
  4. The device according to one of Claims 1 through 3, characterized in that the regulating circuit (53) is implemented or programmed to switch the regulating circuit (53) off or on at at least one temperature limiting value obtained by a temperature probe (45).
  5. The device according to Claim 4, characterized in that the temperature limiting value is in the range between 100°C and 300°C.
  6. The device according to one of Claims 1 through 5, characterized in that the probe or the probes is/are located directly below the valve element (42) of the throttle (41).
  7. The device according to one of Claims 1 through 6, characterized in that the regulating circuit (53) is implemented or programmed to activate a switch, which opens the valve element (42) of the throttle (41), if a door (3; 13; 23) of the combustion chamber is opened, and to reactivate the regulating circuit (53) to regulate the throttle (41) if this door is closed again.
  8. The device according to one of Claims 2 through 7, characterized in that, if the instantaneous lambda value (λ(t)) falls below or is exceeding a mean limiting value (Lm), the regulating circuit delivers a trigger signal in such a way that the drive (43) stops and the valve element (42) remains in the achieved position.
  9. The device according to Claim 8, characterized in that these trigger signals (Sgo, Sd; Sgu, Sd') comprise a sequence of pulses of the duration Ti followed by pauses of the duration Tp, for which 0.3 s < Ti < 3 s and 1 s < Tp < 15 s.
  10. The device according to Claim 9, characterized in that these duration and pause values are selected in the magnitude of Ti = 1 s and Tp = 4 s, if the valve element (42) is a valve having an angular velocity of approximately 0.3 to 3° per second.
  11. The device according to one of Claims 5 through 10, characterized in that the temperature limiting value is in the range between 110°C and 130°C.
  12. A furnace for solid fuels in a living area, having a furnace body (2), which comprises an internal combustion chamber, and with an apparatus (40), in which a throttle (41) with a valve element for exhaust gases and a drive (43) for the throttle (41) are housed, having a device according to one of Claims 1 through 11.
EP01100799A 2000-01-21 2001-01-15 Stove and device for increasing the combustion characteristics of such a stove Expired - Lifetime EP1118816B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH119002000 2000-01-21
CH00119/00A CH694380A5 (en) 2000-01-21 2000-01-21 Furnace for solid fuels.

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1118816A2 EP1118816A2 (en) 2001-07-25
EP1118816A3 EP1118816A3 (en) 2003-12-03
EP1118816B1 true EP1118816B1 (en) 2007-12-12

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP01100799A Expired - Lifetime EP1118816B1 (en) 2000-01-21 2001-01-15 Stove and device for increasing the combustion characteristics of such a stove

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EP (1) EP1118816B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE380980T1 (en)
CH (1) CH694380A5 (en)
DE (1) DE50113357D1 (en)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE20304826U1 (en) * 2003-03-25 2004-08-05 Kutzner + Weber Gmbh & Co. Kg Exhaust system for solid fuel fireplaces
DE102005009017A1 (en) * 2005-02-28 2006-08-31 Kutzner + Weber Gmbh Combustion system e.g. for regulating combustion system according to its ventilation or exhaust actual conditions, has chamber having attached exit gas line for exhaust gases with controllable mechanism influencing operating conditions
BE1018339A3 (en) * 2008-11-18 2010-09-07 Bodart Et Gonay SYSTEM OF AIR SUPPLY AND EXHAUST OF BURNED GASES.
DE102021113713A1 (en) * 2021-05-27 2022-12-01 Karl Schräder Nachf. Inh. Karl-Heinz Schräder e. K. Device for cleaning the flue gases of a wood fuel fireplace

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH673699A5 (en) * 1986-09-12 1990-03-30 Tiba Kochherd & App Ag Combustion air regulation system for solid fuel boiler - with separate regulation of total quantity of air and primary secondary air ratio
US4846400A (en) * 1988-04-12 1989-07-11 Crouse Scott L Method of and apparatus for automatic damper control
EP0409790A1 (en) * 1989-07-19 1991-01-23 Willi Hager Combustion installation
AT398483B (en) * 1992-12-22 1994-12-27 Pfisterer Kurt DEVICE FOR CONTROLLING THE COMBUSTION AIR SUPPLY IN A STOVE
AT405565B (en) * 1998-04-17 1999-09-27 Kaschuetz Ges M B H Device for regulating the supply of combustion air in a stove

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE50113357D1 (en) 2008-01-24
CH694380A5 (en) 2004-12-15
EP1118816A3 (en) 2003-12-03
EP1118816A2 (en) 2001-07-25
ATE380980T1 (en) 2007-12-15

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