EP1117860B1 - Method for producing a complex nonwoven material and resulting novel material - Google Patents

Method for producing a complex nonwoven material and resulting novel material Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1117860B1
EP1117860B1 EP19990928043 EP99928043A EP1117860B1 EP 1117860 B1 EP1117860 B1 EP 1117860B1 EP 19990928043 EP19990928043 EP 19990928043 EP 99928043 A EP99928043 A EP 99928043A EP 1117860 B1 EP1117860 B1 EP 1117860B1
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European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fibers
web
jets
action
water jets
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1117860A1 (en
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Frédéric NOELLE
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Rieter Perfojet SAS
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Rieter Perfojet SAS
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/70—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres
    • D04H1/74—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being orientated, e.g. in parallel (anisotropic fleeces)
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4326—Condensation or reaction polymers
    • D04H1/435—Polyesters
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
    • D04H1/46—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
    • D04H1/492—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres by fluid jet
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
    • D04H1/46—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
    • D04H1/498—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres entanglement of layered webs
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/70—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres
    • D04H1/72—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged
    • D04H1/732—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged by fluid current, e.g. air-lay
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H18/00—Needling machines
    • D04H18/04—Needling machines with water jets

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a new type of material obtained according to the first technique cited, namely, "dry process”.
  • the invention relates to a new method for carrying out such a type non-woven article made from a mixture of fibers of a different nature and which, in the rest of the description will be denoted by the expression "mixed fleece”.
  • a layer of cellulosic fibers, wood fibers in particular, of appreciably grammage equivalent to that of artificial or synthetic fibers said fibers cellulosics then being entangled with the chemical fibers also by a treatment with water jets.
  • the product obtained has good mechanical strength characteristics, these characteristics being essentially brought by synthetic fibers as well as good characteristics absorption, these being imparted by the cellulosic fibers.
  • Such products are used in particular for making “wipes wet "designated in this technical sector by the English expression” baby wipes ", as well as hygiene, and also as cloths wiping.
  • This type of mixed nonwoven is increasingly tending to replace nonwovens traditional compounds of mixture of synthetic fibers (polyester, polypropylene) and artificial fibers (viscose), mainly because of its price lower cost, wood fibers costing three to four times less than viscose fibers.
  • This veil is introduced on a hydraulic binding unit "Jetlace 2000" by the through a transport conveyor.
  • the veil is then expressed using a suction box connected to a generator empty.
  • the veil is introduced on another conveyor above of which are arranged four hydraulic injectors projecting water jets of 120 microns in diameter spaced from each other by 0.6 mm at speeds of 114 m / second.

Abstract

The invention concerns a method which consists in continuously: producing by carding (1) a web (10 from chemical fibers; subjecting the resulting web (1) to a hydro-entanglement using water jets, treatment which consists in: (a) consolidating the web (10) by the action of a first series of water jets (3), the web (10) being supported by a drum (4) comprising micro-perforations; (b) subjecting the consolidated web (10) to structuring, by the action of one or several series of water jets (12); depositing on the surface of the resulting structured lap (10a) natural fibers (14) by pneumatic layering (6); subjecting the resulting complex (20) to the action of another series of water jets (7) acting on the surface covered with natural fibers.

Description

Domaine TechniqueTechnical area

Depuis des décennies, il a été proposé de remplacer des nappes textiles traditionnelles (tissu, tricot) par des structures dite "non-tissées" qui, d'une manière générale peuvent être classées en trois grandes catégories, résultant de leur processus même de fabrication, à savoir les non-tissées dits "par voie sèche", "par voie fondue", et les non-tissées dit "par voie humide".For decades, it has been proposed to replace textile tablecloths traditional (fabric, knitting) by so-called "non-woven" structures which, in a general can be classified into three broad categories, resulting from their the manufacturing process itself, namely the so-called "dry" nonwovens, "by melted ", and nonwovens said" wet ".

La présente invention concerne un nouveau type de matériau obtenu selon la première technique citée, à savoir, par "voie sèche".The present invention relates to a new type of material obtained according to the first technique cited, namely, "dry process".

D'une manière générale, pour réaliser de tels non-tissés on forme, à partir de fibres discontinues, naturelles ou chimiques, au moyen d'une carde ou autre matériel de préparation textile, un voile de fibres de grammage prédéterminé, que l'on soumet ensuite à un traitement permettant de lui communiquer les caractéristiques mécaniques appropriées en fonction des utilisations auxquelles est destiné le produit, par exemple un traitement mécanique d'aiguilletage ou d'entrelaçage par jets de fluide.In general, to produce such nonwovens, we form, from staple fibers, natural or chemical, by card or the like textile preparation material, a veil of fibers of predetermined grammage, which we then submit to a processing allowing it to communicate the appropriate mechanical characteristics depending on the uses to which it is intended for the product, for example a mechanical needling treatment or interlacing by fluid jets.

Par ailleurs, il est connu depuis fort longtemps que l'on peut adapter les propriétés finales du produit obtenu en réalisant des mélanges de matières, par exemple en associant entre eux plusieurs voiles constitués de fibres de nature différente, par exemple, des fibres naturelles, artificielles ou synthétiques.Furthermore, it has been known for a very long time that it is possible to adapt the final properties of the product obtained by making mixtures of materials, by example by combining together several sails made of natural fibers different, for example, from natural, artificial or synthetic fibers.

L'invention vise un nouveau procédé permettant de réaliser un tel type d'article non-tissé constitué d'un mélange de fibres de nature différente et qui, dans la suite de la description sera désignée par l'expression "non-tissé mixte".The invention relates to a new method for carrying out such a type non-woven article made from a mixture of fibers of a different nature and which, in the rest of the description will be denoted by the expression "mixed fleece".

Techniques antérieuresPrevious techniques

De très nombreuses propositions ont été faites à ce jour pour réaliser des non-tissés mixtes et plus particulièrement des non-tissés associant entre eux un voile de fibres artificielles ou synthétiques et un voile de fibres cellulosiques, notamment de fibres de bois. Many proposals have been made to date to make nonwovens mixed and more particularly of nonwovens associating between them a veil of artificial or synthetic fibers and a veil of cellulosic fibers, especially wood fibers.

L'association des différents constituants entre eux est avantageusement obtenue par enchevêtrement hydraulique des fibres, technique connue depuis fort longtemps et décrite notamment dans les brevets US-3 033 721, 3 214 819 et 3 508 308.The association of the various constituents with one another is advantageously obtained by hydraulic entanglement of fibers, a technique that has been known for a long time long and described in particular in US Patents 3,033,721, 3,214,819 and 3,508 308.

Après avoir réalisé un premier voile, on dépose sur celui-ci une couche de fibres cellulosiques, fibres de bois notamment, de grammage sensiblement équivalent à celui des fibres artificielles ou synthétiques, lesdites fibres cellulosiques étant alors enchevêtrées avec les fibres chimiques également par un traitement au moyen de jets d'eau. Le produit obtenu présente de bonnes caractéristiques de résistance mécanique, ces caractéristiques étant essentiellement apportées par les fibres synthétiques ainsi que de bonnes caractéristiques d'absorption, celles-ci étant conférées par les fibres cellulosiques.After having made a first veil, a layer of cellulosic fibers, wood fibers in particular, of appreciably grammage equivalent to that of artificial or synthetic fibers, said fibers cellulosics then being entangled with the chemical fibers also by a treatment with water jets. The product obtained has good mechanical strength characteristics, these characteristics being essentially brought by synthetic fibers as well as good characteristics absorption, these being imparted by the cellulosic fibers.

De tels produits sont utilisés notamment pour la confection de "lingettes humides" désignées dans ce secteur technique par l'expression anglaise "baby wipes", ainsi que dans le domaine de l'hygiène, et également comme chiffons d'essuyage.Such products are used in particular for making "wipes wet "designated in this technical sector by the English expression" baby wipes ", as well as hygiene, and also as cloths wiping.

Ce type de non-tissé mixte tend de plus en plus à remplacer les non-tissés traditionnels composés de mélange de fibres synthétiques (polyester, polypropylène) et de fibres artificielles (viscose), en raison notamment de son prix de revient inférieur, les fibres de bois coûtant trois à quatre fois moins cher que les fibres de viscose.This type of mixed nonwoven is increasingly tending to replace nonwovens traditional compounds of mixture of synthetic fibers (polyester, polypropylene) and artificial fibers (viscose), mainly because of its price lower cost, wood fibers costing three to four times less than viscose fibers.

Dans l'état actuel de la technique, tel que décrit précédemment, on obtient un produit dont les caractéristiques de résistance et d'absorption sont satisfaisantes mais dont l'aspect et le toucher textile sont malheureusement inférieurs par rapport aux non-tissés traditionnels à base de fibres artificielles et synthétiques.In the current state of the art, as described above, a product with satisfactory resistance and absorption characteristics but whose appearance and textile feel are unfortunately lower compared to to traditional nonwovens made from artificial and synthetic fibers.

Cela est dû au fait que le voile est dissymétrique dans l'épaisseur, les fibres artificielles et synthétiques étant disposées d'un côté du voile et les fibres naturelles de l'autre côté. This is due to the fact that the veil is asymmetrical in thickness, the fibers artificial and synthetic being arranged on one side of the veil and the natural fibers on the other side.

Afin de pallier ce défaut, on utilise des artifices tels que pulvérisation sur les fibres naturelles d'agents chimiques adoucissants mais cela ne fait pas disparaítre complètement le défaut.In order to overcome this defect, devices such as spraying on the natural fibers of chemical softening agents but that does not make disappear completely the fault.

Un autre aspect négatif de ce type d'articles est la résistance à l'abrasion du voile qui est très inférieure du côté des fibres naturelles ; il en résulte lors des opérations d'essuyage des pertes en fibres (relargage) qui dans de nombreux cas sont considérés comme rhédibitoires pour l'utilisation qui en est faite.Another negative aspect of this type of item is the abrasion resistance of the veil which is very inferior on the side of natural fibers; this results in wiping operations for fiber losses (salting out) which in many cases are considered essential for the use made of it.

Par suite, afin de pallier ce défaut, il a été proposé d'introduire les fibres naturelles en "sandwich" entre deux couches de fibres artificielles ou synthétiques. Cette solution n'est pas satisfaisante tant sur le plan technique que sur le plan économique pour les raisons suivantes.Consequently, in order to overcome this defect, it has been proposed to introduce fibers natural "sandwich" between two layers of artificial or synthetic fibers. This solution is not satisfactory both technically and technically economical for the following reasons.

En effet, le fait de diviser par deux le grammage des couches de fibres artificielles et/ou synthétiques rend très difficile le liage hydraulique de ces couches. Par exemple, dans le cas d'un produit de 50 g/m2 comportant 50 % de fibres naturelles (soit 25 g/m2) et 50 % de fibres synthétiques en deux couches, soit 12,5 g/m2 par couches, il est extrêmement difficile voire impossible de lier ces couches avec des jets d'eau.Indeed, the fact of halving the grammage of the layers of artificial and / or synthetic fibers makes it very difficult to hydraulically bond these layers. For example, in the case of a 50 g / m 2 product comprising 50% natural fibers (i.e. 25 g / m 2 ) and 50% synthetic fibers in two layers, i.e. 12.5 g / m 2 per layer , it is extremely difficult if not impossible to bond these layers with water jets.

Par ailleurs, le grammage trop faible de la première couche support ne permet pas à celle-ci d'agir en tant que média filtrant des fibres naturelles lors de leur dépôt puis de leur entrelacement avec des jets d'eau. Il en résulte une perte en fibres considérable, celles-ci étant chassées au travers de la toile support par les jets d'eau, cette perte en fibres réduit considérablement l'intérêt économique du procédé.Furthermore, the too low grammage of the first support layer does not allow not for it to act as a filtering medium for natural fibers during their deposit then of their interlacing with water jets. This results in a loss in considerable fibers, these being driven through the support fabric by the jets of water, this loss in fibers considerably reduces the economic interest of process.

Exposé de l'inventionStatement of the invention

La présente invention a pour but de pallier les problèmes et inconvénients cités précédemment, et de permettre la réalisation d'un non-tissé absorbant, renfermant une grande quantité de fibres naturelles (pâte de bois) présentant d'excellentes propriétés physiques (résistance à la traction, à la déchirure, à l'abrasion) de bonnes capacités d'absorption et possédant de plus un toucher agréable similaire à celui des produits à base de fibres artificielles et/ou synthétiques. The present invention aims to overcome the problems and drawbacks mentioned above, and to allow the production of an absorbent nonwoven, containing a large amount of natural fibers (wood pulp) with excellent physical properties (tensile strength, tear strength, abrasion) good absorption capacities and moreover having a touch pleasant similar to that of products made from artificial fibers and / or synthetic.

D'une manière générale, l'invention concerne donc un procédé permettant la réalisation d'un nouveau type de non-tissé constitué d'un mélange de fibres élémentaires de nature différente qui consiste, en continu :

  • à réaliser par cardage ou autre technique conventionnelle un premier voile à partir de fibres chimiques (artificielles et/ou synthétiques) ;
  • à soumettre ledit voile ainsi formé à un traitement de liage au moyen de jets d'eau, traitement consistant :
    • dans une première phase : à consolider le voile par action d'une première série de jets d'eau agissant sur l'une de ses faces, le voile étant supporté par un tambour comportant des micros perforations ;
    • dans une seconde phase : à structurer le voile ainsi consolidé au moyen d'un cylindre ou sur un convoyeur revêtus d'une toile grossière, par action d'une ou plusieurs séries de jets d'eau ;
  • à déposer à la surface de la nappe ainsi structurée des fibres naturelles (fibres de bois) par nappage pneumatique ;
  • à soumettre le complexe ainsi formé à l'action d'une nouvelle série de jets d'eau agissant sur la face recouverte de fibres naturelles ;
  • à procéder à un traitement de séchage, puis à réceptionner le produit fini sous la forme d'un enroulement.
In general, the invention therefore relates to a process allowing the production of a new type of nonwoven consisting of a mixture of elementary fibers of different nature which consists, continuously:
  • to make by carding or other conventional technique a first veil from chemical fibers (artificial and / or synthetic);
  • subjecting said veil thus formed to a binding treatment by means of water jets, treatment consisting of:
    • in a first phase: to consolidate the veil by action of a first series of water jets acting on one of its faces, the veil being supported by a drum comprising micro perforations;
    • in a second phase: to structure the veil thus consolidated by means of a cylinder or on a conveyor coated with a coarse canvas, by the action of one or more series of water jets;
  • depositing natural fibers (wood fibers) on the surface of the sheet thus structured by pneumatic coating;
  • subjecting the complex thus formed to the action of a new series of water jets acting on the face covered with natural fibers;
  • to carry out a drying treatment, then to receive the finished product in the form of a coil.

Pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé conforme à l'invention, le premier traitement par jets d'eau sera réalisé conformément aux enseignements des FR-A-2 730 246 et FR-A-2 734 285.For the implementation of the method according to the invention, the first treatment with water jets will be carried out in accordance with the teachings of FR-A-2 730 246 and FR-A-2 734 285.

Le second traitement par jets d'eau permettant la structuration de la nappe de fibres synthétiques et/ou artificielles, est, quant à lui, réalisé en utilisant comme toile grossière supportant le voile un convoyeur ajouré du type tel que décrit dans le FR-A-2 741 895.The second treatment by water jets allowing the structuring of the sheet of fibers synthetic and / or artificial, is, meanwhile, made using as canvas coarse supporting the veil an openwork conveyor of the type as described in the FR-A-2 741 895.

Conformément au procédé selon l'invention, la distribution des fibres cellulosiques (fibres de bois) sur la surface du voile de fibres synthétiques peut être réalisée aussi bien sur la face qui a été soumise à l'action des jets permettant la structuration de ladite nappe que sur la face envers. In accordance with the process according to the invention, the distribution of the fibers cellulosic (wood fibers) on the surface of the veil of synthetic fibers can be performed both on the face which has been subjected to the action of the jets allowing the structuring of said sheet only on the reverse side.

Par ailleurs, le traitement de structuration peut être obtenu aussi bien en faisant agir la deuxième série de jets sur la même face qui a reçu l'impact des jets réalisant l'action de consolidation que sur la face opposée à celle-ci.Furthermore, the structuring treatment can be obtained both in causing the second series of jets to act on the same face which received the impact of the jets performing the consolidation action only on the opposite side thereof.

L'invention concerne également un nouveau type de produit non-tissé obtenu notamment par la mise en oeuvre de ce procédé.The invention also relates to a new type of nonwoven product obtained. in particular by the implementation of this process.

Un tel non-tissé mixte qui est constitué d'un mélange de fibres de nature différente, se caractérise en ce qu'il se compose d'une nappe réalisée à partir de fibres chimiques (artificielles et/ou synthétiques) qui a reçu un traitement de liage et de réorientation des fibres au moyen de jets d'eau permettant d'avoir des zones alternées de porosités différentes, des fibres naturelles, bois notamment, étant réparties de façon préférentielle à l'intérieur des zones de forte porosité, la cohésion de l'ensemble étant obtenu également par enchevêtrement grâce à l'action de jets d'eau.Such a mixed nonwoven which consists of a mixture of natural fibers different, is characterized in that it consists of a tablecloth made from chemical fibers (artificial and / or synthetic) which has received a binding treatment and reorientation of the fibers by means of water jets making it possible to have zones alternating porosities, natural fibers, wood in particular, being distributed preferentially inside areas of high porosity, cohesion of the assembly being also obtained by entanglement thanks to the action of jets of water.

Description sommaire des dessinsBrief description of the drawings

L'invention et les avantages qui en ressortent seront mieux compris grâce aux exemples de réalisations qui suivent donnés à titre indicatif et non limitatif, et qui est illustré par les schémas annexés dans lesquels :

  • la figure 1 est une vue schématique d'un ensemble d'une ligne de production d'un matériau complexe conforme à l'invention, les figures la, 1b, 1c étant des vues agrandies des zones cerclées de cette figure 1 ;
  • la figure 2 est une vue schématique, fortement agrandie, montrant la structure de la première nappe à base de fibres chimiques après traitement de consolidation et structuration du voile ;
  • la figure 3 est une vue agrandie schématique du complexe mixte réalisé conformément à l'invention et,
  • la figure 4 est une vue schématique d'une variante d'une ligne de production d'un matériau conforme à l'invention.
The invention and the advantages which emerge therefrom will be better understood thanks to the examples of embodiments which follow given by way of non-limiting example, and which is illustrated by the appended diagrams in which:
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view of an assembly of a production line for a complex material according to the invention, Figures la, 1b, 1c being enlarged views of the circled areas of this Figure 1;
  • Figure 2 is a schematic view, greatly enlarged, showing the structure of the first sheet based on chemical fibers after consolidation treatment and structuring of the web;
  • FIG. 3 is an enlarged schematic view of the mixed complex produced in accordance with the invention and,
  • Figure 4 is a schematic view of a variant of a production line for a material according to the invention.

Manière de réaliser l'inventionWay of realizing the invention

En se reportant aux schémas annexés et plus particulièrement aux figures 1a et 1c, on réalise un non-tissé constitué d'un mélange de fibres élémentaires de nature différente de la manière suivante. Referring to the attached diagrams and more particularly to Figures 1a and 1c, a nonwoven made of a mixture of elementary fibers of different nature in the following way.

Sur une ligne de production permettant de réaliser les différentes opérations en continu, on réalise par cardage ou autre technique similaire (zone référencée là la figure 1) un premier voile (10) à partir de fibres artificielles ou synthétiques.On a production line allowing the various operations to be carried out continuously, we perform by carding or other similar technique (area referenced there Figure 1) a first veil (10) from artificial or synthetic fibers.

Ce voile (10) est ensuite amené à un ensemble de traitements (2) permettant de réaliser son liage au moyen de jets d'eau.This veil (10) is then brought to a set of treatments (2) allowing to carry out its binding by means of water jets.

Ce traitement de liage consiste, dans une première phase à consolider le voile par action d'une première série de jets d'eau (3) agissant sur l'une des faces dudit voile, celui-ci étant supporté par un tambour (4) comportant des micros perforations.This binding treatment consists, in a first phase, of consolidating the veil by the action of a first series of water jets (3) acting on one of the faces of said veil, this being supported by a drum (4) comprising microphones perforations.

Un tel ensemble de liage peut être réalisé conformément aux enseignements des FR-A-2 730 246 et FR-A-2 734 285.Such a binding assembly can be carried out in accordance with lessons from FR-A-2 730 246 and FR-A-2 734 285.

Après consolidation, le voile (10) est transféré à un ensemble de traitement (5) constitué soit par un deuxième cylindre perforé (25) ou par un convoyeur ajouré permettant de réaliser une structuration de la nappe formée.After consolidation, the web (10) is transferred to a treatment unit (5) constituted either by a second perforated cylinder (25) or by an openwork conveyor allowing a structuring of the formed web.

Pour ce faire, le convoyeur ou la surface du deuxième cylindre sont constitués par une toile grossière du type décrit dans le FR-A-2 741 895.To do this, the conveyor or the surface of the second cylinder is formed by a coarse cloth of the type described in FR-A-2,741,895.

A ce niveau, ainsi que cela ressort de la figure 1a, le voile fibreux (10) supporté par la toile grossière (11) est soumis à l'action de jets d'eau (12) qui ont une action telle que les fibres du voile (10) sont écartées des unes des autres par lesdits jets au point de croisement des brins de la toile (11), ce qui entraíne la formation d'un voile (10a) présentant une organisation tridimensionnelle des fibres avec des zones de densité variable où la structure d'un tel voile restructuré est illustré par la figure 2, on peut donc dire qu'un tel voile présente des zones (22) à forte densité de fibres séparées les unes des autres par des zones (21) à faible densité de fibres.At this level, as can be seen from FIG. 1a, the fibrous web (10) supported by the coarse fabric (11) is subjected to the action of water jets (12) which have an action such that the fibers of the web (10) are separated from each other by said jets at the crossing point of the strands of the fabric (11), which causes the formation of a veil (10a) having a three-dimensional organization of the fibers with areas of variable density where the structure of such a restructured sail is illustrated by FIG. 2, it can therefore be said that such a veil has zones (22) to high density of fibers separated from each other by zones (21) with low fiber density.

Le voile (10a) structuré est alors amené à un ensemble (6) permettant de distribuer à sa surface des fibres (14) d'une autre nature et plus particulièrement des fibres cellulosiques (bois). The structured veil (10a) is then brought to an assembly (6) making it possible to distributing on its surface fibers (14) of another kind and more particularly cellulosic fibers (wood).

Un tel ensemble (6) permet de réaliser un dépôt desdites fibres par la technique dite de "nappage pneumatique", le voile (10a) (voir figure 2a) étant maintenu sur un tapis transporteur (13) soumis à une aspiration, les fibres naturelles, fibres de bois, plus particulièrement (14) étant projetées à la surface du voile (10a) par l'intermédiaire d'un courant d'air. Sous l'effet de l'aspiration, lesdites fibres ont donc tendance à se déposer dans les zones présentant la porosité la plus élevée, c'est-à-dire dans la zone (21) de la figure (2) permettant de former un complexe tel qu'illustré à la figure 3 dans lequel les fibres naturelles - fibres de bois - sont déposées entre les fibres artificielles et synthétiques.Such an assembly (6) makes it possible to deposit said fibers by the technique known as "pneumatic covering", the web (10a) (see FIG. 2a) being maintained on a conveyor belt (13) subjected to a suction, the fibers natural, wood fibers, more particularly (14) being projected onto the surface of the veil (10a) via an air stream. Under the effect of suction, said fibers therefore tend to settle in areas with the most porosity high, that is to say in the area (21) of FIG. (2) making it possible to form a complex as illustrated in FIG. 3 in which the natural fibers - fibers of wood - are deposited between artificial and synthetic fibers.

Le complexe (20a) ainsi réalisé est alors transféré à un ensemble (7) permettant de réaliser un traitement d'enchevêtrement par jets d'eau tel qu'illustré à la figure 1c.The complex (20a) thus produced is then transferred to an assembly (7) allowing to carry out a tangle treatment by water jets as illustrated in Figure 1c.

Le non-tissé mixte obtenu est ensuite séché en (8) avant d'être enroulé de manière conventionnelle en (9).The mixed nonwoven obtained is then dried in (8) before being rolled up. conventional way in (9).

La figure 4 illustre une variante conforme à l'invention qui diffère de celle illustrée à la figure 1 par la manière dont est réalisée l'opération de structuration de la nappe après le premier traitement par jets de fluide en (4).Figure 4 illustrates a variant according to the invention which differs from that illustrated in Figure 1 by the way in which the structuring operation of the sheet after the first treatment with jets of fluid in (4).

En effet, dans un tel cas, l'opération de structuration par jets est effectuée en faisant agir les jets sur la même face que celle qui avait été préalablement traitée.Indeed, in such a case, the operation of structuring by jets is carried out in causing the jets to act on the same face as that which had been previously treated.

Grâce à un tel procédé, on obtient des complexes mixtes dans lesquels il y a un excellente interpénétration des différents composants naturels, artificiels et synthétiques permettant d'éviter l'aspect double face des techniques antérieures.Thanks to such a process, mixed complexes are obtained in which there are excellent interpenetration of different natural, artificial and synthetic to avoid the double-sided aspect of previous techniques.

ExempleExample

On réalise un produit conforme à l'invention de la manière suivante.A product according to the invention is produced in the following manner.

Un voile de 30 g/m2 composé de 40 % de fibres de viscose de 38 mm et 1.7 dtex et de 60 % de fibres polyester de 38 mm et 1.7 dtex est produit sur une carde de type "random" à la vitesse de 110 m/min. A veil of 30 g / m 2 composed of 40% viscose fibers of 38 mm and 1.7 dtex and 60% of polyester fibers of 38 mm and 1.7 dtex is produced on a "random" type card at the speed of 110 m / min.

Ce voile est introduit sur une unité de liage hydraulique "Jetlace 2000" par le biais d'un convoyeur de transport.This veil is introduced on a hydraulic binding unit "Jetlace 2000" by the through a transport conveyor.

Le voile est compacté entre ce convoyeur et un premier cylindre de liage revêtu d'une enveloppe micro perforée, les trous étant disposés de manière aléatoire tels que décrit dans le brevet français 2 734 285. Après compaction, le voile est pré-mouillé par l'intermédiaire d'une rampe située derrière le convoyeur de transport, juste après le point de compaction et disposée perpendiculairement à la génératrice du cylindre.The veil is compacted between this conveyor and a first binding cylinder coated with a micro-perforated envelope, the holes being arranged randomly as described in French patent 2,734,285. After compaction, the veil is pre-wetted via a ramp located behind the conveyor transport, just after the compaction point and arranged perpendicular to the generator of the cylinder.

Le voile ainsi compacté et mouillé est alors soumis à l'action de deux injecteurs hydrauliques projetant des jets d'eau de 120 microns de diamètre à des vitesses croissantes de 90 et 110 m/seconde les jets d'eau étant espacés les uns des autres de 1,2 mm.The veil thus compacted and wet is then subjected to the action of two hydraulic injectors projecting 120 micron diameter water jets at increasing speeds of 90 and 110 m / second, the water jets being spaced apart others 1.2 mm.

Le voile est alors introduit sur un convoyeur équipé d'une toile constituée de 8,7 fils par cm en polyester de 0,50 mm de diamètre dans le sens chaíne et de 9,4 fils/cm en acier inoxydable de 0,38 mm de diamètre dans le sens trame.The veil is then introduced on a conveyor equipped with a canvas consisting of 8.7 threads per cm of polyester 0.50 mm in diameter in the warp direction and 9.4 son / cm in stainless steel 0.38 mm in diameter in the weft direction.

Deux injecteurs hydrauliques sont disposés au-dessus de ce convoyeur. Ils projettent sur le voile des jets d'eau de 120 microns de diamètre à des vitesses de 100 m/seconde, les jets étant espacés les uns des autres de 0,5 mm.Two hydraulic injectors are arranged above this conveyor. They project 120 micron diameter water jets at speeds of 100 m / second, the jets being spaced from each other by 0.5 mm.

Le voile est alors exprimé à l'aide d'une caisse aspirante reliée à un générateur de vide.The veil is then expressed using a suction box connected to a generator empty.

Le produit à la sortie de ce convoyeur présente un aspect gaufré de type pyramidal avec des zones de densité de fibres différente.The product leaving this conveyor has an embossed type appearance. pyramidal with areas of different fiber density.

Le voile est alors introduit sur une machine de nappage pneumatique, qui dépose 30 g/m2 de fibres de cellulose.The veil is then introduced on a pneumatic lapping machine, which deposits 30 g / m 2 of cellulose fibers.

Après dépôt de ces fibres, le voile est introduit sur un autre convoyeur au-dessus duquel sont disposés quatre injecteurs hydrauliques projetant des jets d'eau de 120 microns de diamètre espacés les uns des autres de 0,6 mm à des vitesses de 114 m/seconde. After depositing these fibers, the veil is introduced on another conveyor above of which are arranged four hydraulic injectors projecting water jets of 120 microns in diameter spaced from each other by 0.6 mm at speeds of 114 m / second.

Le voile est alors exprimé par une caisse aspirante reliée à un générateur de vide puis séché par cylindre à air traversant à une température de 120° C puis enroulé.The veil is then expressed by a suction box connected to a generator. vacuum then dried by air cylinder through at a temperature of 120 ° C then wound.

On constate que le produit ainsi obtenu présente une excellente homogénéité, très supérieure à celle d'un produit similaire mais "non structuré".It is found that the product thus obtained has excellent homogeneity, far superior to that of a similar but "unstructured" product.

Par ailleurs, le toucher du produit est excellent, il est difficile en particulier d'identifier les faces respectives (côtés synthétiques et cellulosiques) enfin la résistance à l'abrasion tant à l'état sec qu'à l'état humide est considérablement améliorée, ce qui se traduit par une absence de relargage des fibres naturelles.Besides, the touch of the product is excellent, it is particularly difficult to identify the respective faces (synthetic and cellulosic sides) finally the abrasion resistance in both dry and wet conditions is considerably improved, which results in an absence of release of natural fibers.

Claims (6)

  1. A process for the production of a nonwoven consisting of a mixture of elementary fibers of different nature, which consists in continuously:
    producing, by carding (1) or another conventional technique, a first web (10) from chemical fibers;
    subjecting the web (10) thus formed to a bonding treatment by means of water jets, said treatment consisting:
    in a first step: in consolidating the web (10) by the action of a first series of water jets (3) acting on one of its faces, the web (10) being supported by a drum (4) having microperforations;
    in a second step: in structuring the web (10) thus consolidated by means of a suction roll or on a conveyor, the roll or conveyor being covered with a coarse fabric (13), by the action of one or more series of water jets (12);
    depositing, on the surface of the lap (10a) thus structured, natural fibers (14) by pneumatic layering (6);
    subjecting the complex (20) thus formed to the action of a new series of water jets (7) acting on the face covered with natural fibers;
    carrying out a drying treatment (8) and then collecting the end product in the form of a wound reel.
  2. The process as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the cellulose fibers (wood fibers) (14) are distributed over the surface of the web (10a) of synthetic fibers on that face which has been subjected to the action of the jets allowing said lap to be structured.
  3. The process as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the cellulose fibers (wood fibers) (14) are distributed over the surface of the web (10a) of synthetic fibers on the opposite face to that which has been subjected to the action of the jets allowing said lap to be structured.
  4. The process as claimed in one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the structuring treatment (5) is carried out by making the second series of jets (12) act on the same face of the web that has received the impact of the jets (3) producing the consolidation action.
  5. The process as claimed in one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the structuring treatment (5) is carried out by making the second series of jets act on the opposite face of the web to that which has received the impact of the jets producing the consolidation action.
  6. A nonwoven obtained especially by implementing the process as claimed in one of claims 1 to 5, consisting of a mixture of fibers of different nature, characterized in that it is composed of a lap produced from chemical (artificial and/or synthetic) fibers which has received a treatment for bonding and reorienting the fibers by means of water jets, making it possible to have alternating regions of different porosity, natural, especially wood, fibers being preferably distributed within the regions of high porosity and the cohesion of the assembly also being obtained by entanglement due to the action of water jets.
EP19990928043 1998-07-31 1999-06-15 Method for producing a complex nonwoven material and resulting novel material Expired - Lifetime EP1117860B1 (en)

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FR9810026A FR2781818B1 (en) 1998-07-31 1998-07-31 PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF A COMPLEX NON-WOVEN MATERIAL AND NEW TYPE OF MATERIAL THUS OBTAINED
FR9810026 1998-07-31
PCT/FR1999/001425 WO2000008245A1 (en) 1998-07-31 1999-06-15 Method for producing a complex nonwoven material and resulting novel material

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DE69903462T2 (en) 2003-03-20
FR2781818B1 (en) 2000-09-01
US20010005926A1 (en) 2001-07-05
JP2002522655A (en) 2002-07-23
KR20010074783A (en) 2001-08-09
AU4517599A (en) 2000-02-28
DE69903462D1 (en) 2002-11-14
EP1117860A1 (en) 2001-07-25
WO2000008245A1 (en) 2000-02-17
CN1121520C (en) 2003-09-17
ATE225876T1 (en) 2002-10-15
DK1117860T3 (en) 2002-11-04
CN1311832A (en) 2001-09-05
US6460233B2 (en) 2002-10-08
ES2183572T3 (en) 2003-03-16

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