Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F21—LIGHTING
  • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • F21V7/00—Reflectors for light sources
  • F21V7/10—Construction
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F21—LIGHTING
  • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • F21V13/00—Producing particular characteristics or distribution of the light emitted by means of a combination of elements specified in two or more of main groups F21V1/00 - F21V11/00
  • F21V13/02—Combinations of only two kinds of elements
  • F21V13/08—Combinations of only two kinds of elements the elements being filters or photoluminescent elements and reflectors
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F21—LIGHTING
  • F21W—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
  • F21W2131/00—Use or application of lighting devices or systems not provided for in codes F21W2102/00-F21W2121/00
  • F21W2131/20—Lighting for medical use
  • F21W2131/205—Lighting for medical use for operating theatres

Definitions

• the invention relates to a lighting apparatus with a light source unit having at least one light source and a first reflector, and with at least one optical element, the light emitted by the light source being bundled by the first reflector to form a light beam which can be influenced by the optical element.
• Such lighting devices are used, among other things, in stage lighting technology.
• So-called PAR lamps are known as stage lamps, for example, which have a lamp with a parabolic mirror in an aluminum housing and, for example, a color filter can be arranged in front of its light outlet to achieve a special optical effect.
• stage lamps for example, which have a lamp with a parabolic mirror in an aluminum housing and, for example, a color filter can be arranged in front of its light outlet to achieve a special optical effect.
• motorized filter belts with differently colored filter sections can be used.
• rotatable effect discs (gobos) with different color filters arranged in the circumferential direction are preferably used, in which the filters are not exposed to mechanical tensile stress.
• a disadvantage of these PAR lamps is that the color filters that can be used must correspond at least to the diameter of the light exit opening of the lamp housing in order to completely capture the emerging light beam. If different color filters are to be used, the number of color filters arranged on a filter disc is limited, if one does not want to exceed a practical size of the filter disc.
• a lamp structure for an operating light in which the light from a light source is focused by a parabolic mirror.
• the start of an optical fiber, consisting of a glass rod, is arranged in the focal point of the light beam.
• the light rays emerging divergently at the end of the light guide are parallelized by a reflector arrangement.
• the reflector arrangement essentially consists of a prism body and a reflector, the prism body deflecting all light rays emerging from the light guide and shining into the reflector in such a way that the light rays are reflected parallel by the reflector in the direction of the operating field.
• the light guide emerges from the rear space of the reflector through an opening in it and extends to just before the prism body.
• the particular advantage of such an arrangement is that the distance between the light source and the reflector can be chosen as desired, in that an almost lossless light guide guides the light from the light source to the reflector. This arrangement also solves the problem of fanning out the rays emerging from the light source and emitting them onto the operating field with almost the same illuminance.
• a lighting apparatus of the type mentioned in the introduction by a reflector unit with a second reflector and a concave third reflector, the concave third reflector having an opening for the light beam and the light beam being reflected by the second reflector onto the third reflector, and wherein the optical element is arranged between the light source unit and the reflector unit.
• the lighting apparatus thus has three functional units.
• the light source unit has the task of providing a directed light beam - at least the major part of the light emitted by the light source - with a cross section that is comparatively small at least at one point.
• the first reflectors to be used are preferably those which have a focus.
• Rotation-symmetrical parabolic mirrors or also rotationally symmetrical, parabolic-shaped reflectors are particularly suitable, the reflector surfaces of which rise comparatively steeply from the vertex of the reflector and approach the vertex of the optical axis of the light beam to be generated again, so that the angle between the imaginary lines between the Vertex and two opposite outer edges of the reflector is preferably below 45 °.
• These reflectors have a focus - albeit a blurred one.
• the light beam can then be influenced by one optical element or a plurality of optical elements arranged one behind the other.
• optical elements not only color filters or diaphragms come into consideration as optical elements, but all types of optical elements can be mentioned, provided they do not expand the light beam beyond a certain degree.
• the light beam is then expanded to a desired cross-sectional area in the reflector unit arranged behind the optical element.
• the light beam is first thrown back from the second reflector onto the concave third reflector, which reflects the then expanded light beam out of the lighting apparatus.
• the second reflector can preferably be convex or even flat, but any other configuration of the reflector that widens the light beam is also conceivable.
• an advantage of the apparatus according to the invention over the prior art is that the optical elements to be used are comparatively small due to the small cross section of the light beam in front of the reflector unit, and therefore the production costs of a lighting apparatus with regard to these elements can be minimized.
• Another advantage is that due to the functional separation from the generation of a directed light beam and its optical processing, there is much greater freedom in the structural design of the necessary apparatus housing with regard to the necessary heat dissipation. This is particularly advantageous if high-power lamps are used as light sources that work at a very high operating temperature. The same applies to the heat which may possibly be dissipated on the optical element itself and which arises when light is absorbed.
• the first reflector is designed in the manner of an ellipsoid open on one side, the light source being formed in the region of the first focal point of the reflector and the light beam converging in a second focal point.
• the light beam can be focused very precisely in a simple manner, without the need for additional optical elements.
• the optical element to be used can be made particularly small if it is arranged in the region of the second focal point. Nevertheless, the optical element can also be arranged in front of or behind the second focal point, or a plurality of optical elements in front of, in and / or behind the focal point.
• the second reflector can be flat.
• a lens can be arranged behind the focal point at a distance from its focal length as an optical element.
• the light beam can be parallelized with this lens, so that the distance between the lens and the reflector unit can be as large as desired.
• a large number of optical elements can thus be arranged in a simple manner between the lens and the reflector unit.
• the distance from the second reflector to the third reflector is adjustable.
• the degree of expansion of the light beam can be changed.
• the lighting apparatus has a device for positioning one or more optical elements.
• this device for positioning one or more optical elements can be a rotatable effect disk. So you can switch from one optical element to another by rotating the effect disc. Film-like image sequences can also be generated during a run through different optical elements with a constantly rotating effect disk.
• the effect pane has only one passage opening and is otherwise opaque. The effect disc can thus be used as a switchable aperture to either let the light beam through completely or block it completely.
• the reflectors can be mirrored.
• the reflectors can be coated with a metal layer.
• the reflectors are made of an aluminum-containing material.
• the reflective properties of aluminum are such that there is no need for mirroring in the sense of minimizing production costs.
• the reflector surfaces should be polished.
• Such reflectors can be drawn from an aluminum sheet.
• the first and the third reflector are each formed in one piece with an essentially cylindrical housing wall, the housing walls being connectable to one another via an interference fit.
• FIG. 1 represents the principle of the invention.
• Figure 1 shows the principle of the lighting apparatus according to the invention with a light source unit 3 having at least one light source 1 and a first reflector 2.
• the reflector 2 is designed in the manner of a rotationally symmetrical ellipsoid, which is open on one side, the light source 1 having a first focal point of the Forms ellipsoids and the light is focused in a second focal point 4.
• an effect disk 5 with optical elements 6 protrudes into the light beam.
• the light beam passes through an opening 7 through a rotationally symmetrical, concave third reflector 9 and is expanded by a second, convexly designed, rotationally symmetrical reflector 8 and deflected onto the third reflector 9, from where the now expanded light beam from the lighting apparatus is reflected out.
• the second and third reflectors 8, 9 form the reflector unit 10.
• the rotationally symmetrical design of the mirrors and reflectors 2, 8 and 9 is particularly advantageous in the case of punctiform light sources, since this results in a comparatively uniform distribution of the light intensity over the cross section of the light beam.
• the mirrors and reflectors do not necessarily have to be rotationally symmetrical.
• the mirrors and reflectors 2, 8 and 9 can be surface-symmetrical in the case of an essentially line-shaped light source, for example in the manner of a fluorescent tube.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)
• Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)
• Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
• Polarising Elements (AREA)
• Seal Device For Vehicle (AREA)
• Liquid Crystal Substances (AREA)
• Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (2)

Family

ID=7879873

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (7)

Families Citing this family (19)

Family Cites Families (12)

• 1998
  • 1998-09-04 DE DE19840475A patent/DE19840475A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 1999
  • 1999-09-03 EP EP99968702A patent/EP1112458B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1999-09-03 AT AT99968702T patent/ATE232279T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1999-09-03 ES ES99968702T patent/ES2190285T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1999-09-03 AU AU11479/00A patent/AU1147900A/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1999-09-03 US US09/786,395 patent/US6572246B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1999-09-03 DE DE59904233T patent/DE59904233D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1999-09-03 WO PCT/DE1999/002817 patent/WO2000014447A1/fr active IP Right Grant

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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