EP1104919B1 - Protocol for detecting the presence of an individual or an item within a confined space and detection system for carrying out such a protocol - Google Patents

Protocol for detecting the presence of an individual or an item within a confined space and detection system for carrying out such a protocol Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1104919B1
EP1104919B1 EP99123768A EP99123768A EP1104919B1 EP 1104919 B1 EP1104919 B1 EP 1104919B1 EP 99123768 A EP99123768 A EP 99123768A EP 99123768 A EP99123768 A EP 99123768A EP 1104919 B1 EP1104919 B1 EP 1104919B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
entry
tickets
defined space
measuring
ticket
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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EP99123768A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1104919A1 (en
Inventor
Marc Degrauwe
Thierry Roz
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EM Microelectronic Marin SA
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EM Microelectronic Marin SA
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Application filed by EM Microelectronic Marin SA filed Critical EM Microelectronic Marin SA
Priority to AT99123768T priority Critical patent/ATE316276T1/en
Priority to DE69929492T priority patent/DE69929492T2/en
Priority to EP99123768A priority patent/EP1104919B1/en
Priority to SG200006801A priority patent/SG93285A1/en
Priority to CA002326921A priority patent/CA2326921A1/en
Priority to JP2000364384A priority patent/JP2001216545A/en
Publication of EP1104919A1 publication Critical patent/EP1104919A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1104919B1 publication Critical patent/EP1104919B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07B—TICKET-ISSUING APPARATUS; FARE-REGISTERING APPARATUS; FRANKING APPARATUS
    • G07B15/00—Arrangements or apparatus for collecting fares, tolls or entrance fees at one or more control points
    • G07B15/02—Arrangements or apparatus for collecting fares, tolls or entrance fees at one or more control points taking into account a variable factor such as distance or time, e.g. for passenger transport, parking systems or car rental systems

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a protocol and a system for detecting the presence of individuals or objects, provided with electronic tickets intended for a detection application implementing this protocol, in a delimited space having at least one input.
  • input one also includes an input-output or an output (see GB-A-2246896).
  • the present invention relates to the detection of persons or objects inside a means of transport, in particular a train, a subway or a bus, so as to debit electronic ticket holders using these means of transport. or ensure that their trip has been paid.
  • a first problem for such detection arises from the fact that individuals enter certain public places or means of transport in large numbers at relatively high speed.
  • a low frequency field in particular of the order of 125 KHz or 13 MHz can be confined in a relatively small area, in particular of oval shape, but the flow of information or instructions can be transmitted at this frequency is relatively weak.
  • a relatively high frequency in particular of the order of 200 MHz or more, makes it possible to greatly increase this flow of information or instructions.
  • a system operating with high frequency communication consumes relatively much power, especially for electronic tickets in listening mode.
  • monitoring the entrances and exits of individuals or objects equipped with appropriate electronic tickets presents a significant difficulty for individuals or objects approaching this entrance and remaining close to the entrance. This.
  • people equipped with such e-tickets simply accompany a other person or even that they momentarily ride in this means of transport to bring luggage from another person.
  • the present invention proposes to overcome these disadvantages by proposing a protocol for detecting the presence of individuals or objects and a system arranged for its implementation where it is intended to perform at least one distance measurement between each ticket.
  • electronics entering a guarded delimited space and means for measuring this at least one distance thus, it is possible to establish with some precision whether a person or an object has penetrated at least in a subspace of said delimited space.
  • the more accurate the measurement means the higher their costs.
  • the awakening during step A is performed at a relatively low frequency, for example 125 KHz.
  • the input zone is defined by a first electromagnetic field emitted by at least a first emitter, this input zone being the region where the amplitude of this first electromagnetic field received by the awakened tickets is equal to or greater than a predefined minimum value.
  • the alarm clock is also performed by said at least first transmitter.
  • the location of the electronic tickets by the measuring means involved in the step C is carried out for example by a distance measuring device formed of several modules arranged spatially at various locations in said defined space. A single unit of measurement may be sufficient in some cases. In general, three non-aligned receiver modules allow good location and reduce the extent of the entrance area to ensure an accurate determination of the presence of tickets in the delimited space.
  • the woken electronic tickets do not communicate with the measuring means as long as these tickets are located in the input area and the input is open.
  • Other variants are also envisaged.
  • the detection protocol according to the invention is preferably completed after closing the entry (s) to said delimited space by a step in which it is intended to measure one or more distance (s) between each electronic ticket that is present in said area. input within said delimited space and measuring means of this or these distance (s).
  • the input zone is defined by an electromagnetic field
  • the emission of this field is stopped so that the electronic tickets present in the part of said input zone situated inside the delimited space no longer receive a field
  • it is also planned to communicate at relatively high frequency directly after the measurement to locate a ticket within the delimited space to communicate at least one information or instruction to these tickets.
  • it is intended to communicate after closure of the relatively high frequency doors with transmitters providing an electromagnetic field propagating substantially throughout the delimited space with a sufficient amplitude to ensure a communication with all the tickets present in this delimited space.
  • FIG. 1 is shown a wagon 10 of a transport means having four main inputs 2, 3, 4 and 5 and two secondary inputs 7 and 8 to pass in adjacent wagons.
  • the wagon 10 defines a delimited space in which it is possible to enter and exit by means of the main and secondary entrances.
  • Each main entrance 2 to 5 is equipped with means for detecting individuals 12 equipped with electronic tickets 14 intended for the application of detecting the presence of these individuals in the wagon 10 or more generally in the means of transport to which this wagon is affected.
  • the secondary inputs 7 and 8 can also be equipped with such detection means or other complementary means.
  • the flow of people entering or leaving the wagon 10 can be relatively high. In the case of the present invention, it is intended to detect in the entry-exit spaces 16 and 18 the individuals entering or leaving the wagon 10. This choice is distinguished in particular from a detection in the whole of the 10. In the case of the present invention, it is therefore sought to effectively and correctly define the individuals with a ticket 14 which are present at a certain time in these entry-exit spaces 16 and 18. .
  • Two main situations can be defined, one in which the main inputs 2 to 5 are open and the other in which these main inputs are closed.
  • any electronic ticket 14 appropriate and worn by a user 12 is awakened, if it is not already the case, near the entrance 5 so that the ticket passes from a listening mode in an active mode.
  • This waking step makes it possible to minimize the energy required for the electronic ticket 14, which is generally an autonomous portable object.
  • This ticket 14 is equipped with means enabling it to determine, once it has been woken up, whether it is located in an entry zone 20 located at least for the most part in the immediate vicinity of the entrance 5.
  • input 20 is defined by an electromagnetic field emitted by a transmitter 22. More specifically, the input zone 20 is the region where the amplitude of this electromagnetic field received by the awake tickets 14 is equal to or greater than a predefined minimum value .
  • the method for determining the presence of a ticket 14 in the input zone 20 consists in the measurement by this ticket of the amplitude of the electromagnetic field emitted by the transmitter 22 to determine whether it is less or less than said minimum value.
  • the transmitter 22 transmits successive signals in the zone 20. The awake tickets receiving these signals with a sufficient amplitude for their reading are considered in this zone 20.
  • the predefined minimum value corresponds to the minimum amplitude sufficient for such signals to be received by the tickets.
  • the transmitter 22 transmits at a relatively low frequency, for example 125 KHz or about 13.5 MHz.
  • the wakeup function of the tickets 14 is carried out using the transmitter 22.
  • the ticket 14 functions as a transponder which responds to an interrogation signal from the reader 22.
  • the reader 22 receives a response from the ticket 14, the latter is considered present in the zone 20.
  • This last variant differs from the other two mentioned above in that the information relating to the presence in the area 20 of the ticket 14 is in the reader 22.
  • This reader is connected to a central electronic unit 30 which then uses this information for the implementation of the detection protocol according to the invention, in particular to validate or not a distance measurement described hereinafter.
  • location means are provided by a measurement of at least one distance.
  • a measuring device is provided in the system of FIG. 1 with three receiver modules 32, 33 and 34 located spatially at various locations in space 16, respectively 18. Preferably, these three modules are not aligned.
  • it is intended to arrange the module or modules of the distance measuring device so that it (s) receive (s) electromagnetic signals from only from within said space delimited and more particularly the input-output space 16 or 18 and / or emit (s) signals only within this space.
  • the location is performed by measurements of distance (s) between the ticket 14 and the receiver module (s), the measuring device being arranged to determine a response time of the ticket which returns an echo signal upon reception of at least one signal sent by this measuring device.
  • the distance measurement consists of a measurement by each measurement module of the amplitude of a signal provided by this ticket, either directly or in response to an excitation signal. It is also possible to provide the opposite case where the amplitude measurement is performed by the ticket for a signal received from each planned measurement module.
  • Each entry zone 20 covers an entrance to the delimited space.
  • the width of this input zone 20 is provided such that it is substantially equal to or greater than the inaccuracy on the distance measurement to determine whether the ticket 14 is located within the input-space. output 16 or 18 and / or to allow communication during the passage of electronic tickets in this area.
  • the invention is intended either to locate a ticket 14 located inside the space 16 to the exclusion of the entry areas 20, or to validate the distance measurement (s) only when this ticket is located, during this measurement, outside these entry areas 20.
  • the tickets 14 present in a zone 20 do not communicate with the measuring means so long. that they are located in this area and that the corresponding entry is open.
  • L information to know if the ticket is in the zone 20 during a distance measurement can be done either by sending an information signal by the ticket itself to a receiver or reader provided in the system according to the present invention, either by a reader and in particular the reader 22 in the case where this determination is made at such a reader as mentioned above in the context of a variant.
  • a communication is performed either at high frequency or at low frequency with the reader 22 when the tickets are in the input area 20.
  • This communication is used in particular for the identification of tickets.
  • the detection system arranged in the wagon 10, in particular the central unit 30, can then establish a list of all the tickets entering a given area. From this moment, the system knows that a measurement of distance must be made for all these tickets when they penetrate more inside the wagon 10 or, if necessary, when they come out of it by an entry. After closure of the doors, the balance of the tickets is preferably also detected by a measure to define if they are located inside the wagon 10. However, when it is a means of transport and the one it starts moving, the candidates remaining on the list should normally be located inside the wagon 10 since those who were outside the wagon and yet in an entry zone 20 generally leave it when the means of transport starts moving.
  • the listening mode is provided at a relatively low frequency, which does not make it possible to wake a ticket using a relatively high frequency transmitter.
  • one or more other emitters and / or receivers 44 emitting at relatively high frequency are arranged in the space delimited by the wagon 10 so as to cover by the electromagnetic field emitted at relatively high frequency all of this limited space for communication with all the tickets present within this space.
  • the range of the field emitted at high frequency can generally extend beyond the limits of the wagon 10.
  • the system knows the list of the tickets present inside so that a valid communication does not occur. will be established only with these tickets.
  • the protocol according to the invention is advantageously completed by a step in which it is planned to locate the tickets remaining in the input areas 20 by the distance measurement units 32 to 34.
  • the situation with closed entrances differs from that with open entrances in that normally at least the persons outside the wagon deviate from these entrances.
  • the distance measurement has a non-negligible inaccuracy, only those present in the entry zone 20 inside the space of the wagon 10 will be detected.
  • a maximum distance below which a ticket is considered inside the wagon can be increased when the doors are closed, and all the more so when it is a means of transport who starts moving.
  • a measurement result corresponding to a point located somewhat outside the wagon 10 will be considered as being inside this wagon. So, a electronic ticket is considered within said delimited space if the result of the measurement is situated in a given range or area of values.
  • the measurement after the closure of the doors is preferably performed immediately after stopping the method of determining the presence of tickets in an input area described above.
  • the emission of an electromagnetic field by the emitters 22 is terminated.
  • the tickets 14 present in the input zone are then instructed to communicate with the measurement means.
  • Other variants may be envisaged by those skilled in the art.
  • the various transmitters or readers are advantageously connected to the central unit 30 for centralized management of the various pieces of information.
  • a supervision unit of all the wagons can advantageously be provided, especially when the passages of a wagon to the other are not equipped with detection means for example according to the present invention.

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  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Finance (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
  • Devices For Checking Fares Or Tickets At Control Points (AREA)
  • Time Recorders, Dirve Recorders, Access Control (AREA)
  • Management, Administration, Business Operations System, And Electronic Commerce (AREA)
  • Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)

Abstract

The system uses specific regions where tickets may be validated, excluding areas where uncertainty may arise. The protocol provides for the detection of the presence of individuals or objects, provided with electronic tickets (14) within a defined space, such as the carriage on a transport system. The protocol anticipates the disclosure of tickets at the approach to, or in the entry corridor of the defined space. The ticket is localised by at least one measurement of distance. Given that in some areas there may be a margin of error which prevent accurate determination of the location of a ticket, such areas are excluded from the region in which ticket validation is carried out when the entry is open. The entry zone is defined by a field emitted by a transmitter (22) and received by the tickets.

Description

La présente invention concerne un protocole et un système de détection de la présence d'individus ou d'objets, munis de tickets électroniques destinés à une application de détection mettant en oeuvre ce protocole, dans un espace délimité présentant au moins une entrée. Par entrée, on comprend également une entrée-sortie ou une sortie (voir GB-A-2246896).The present invention relates to a protocol and a system for detecting the presence of individuals or objects, provided with electronic tickets intended for a detection application implementing this protocol, in a delimited space having at least one input. By input, one also includes an input-output or an output (see GB-A-2246896).

En particulier, la présente invention concerne la détection de personnes ou d'objets à l'intérieur d'un moyen de transport, notamment un train, un métro ou un bus, de manière à débiter des porteurs de tickets électroniques utilisant ces moyens de transport ou s'assurer que leur trajet a été payé.In particular, the present invention relates to the detection of persons or objects inside a means of transport, in particular a train, a subway or a bus, so as to debit electronic ticket holders using these means of transport. or ensure that their trip has been paid.

Un premier problème pour une telle détection découle du fait que les individus entrent dans certains lieux publics ou moyens de transport en nombre élevé à relativement grande vitesse. Un deuxième problème provient du fait que l'espace délimité notamment par un moyen de transport peut difficilement définir un espace clos à l'intérieur duquel un champ électromagnétique se propage, sans que ce champ ne se propage également en partie à l'extérieur de cet espace délimité. Ceci est particulièrement vrai lorsque la ou les portes du moyen de transport sont ouvertes.A first problem for such detection arises from the fact that individuals enter certain public places or means of transport in large numbers at relatively high speed. A second problem arises from the fact that the space delimited in particular by a means of transport can hardly define a closed space within which an electromagnetic field propagates, without this field also spreading partly outside of this area. delimited space. This is particularly true when the door or doors of the means of transport are open.

Ensuite, un champ à basse fréquence, notamment de l'ordre de 125 KHz ou 13 MHz peut être confiné dans une zone relativement restreinte, en particulier de forme ovale, mais le flux d'informations ou d'instructions pouvant être transmis à cette fréquence est relativement faible. Par contre, une fréquence relativement haute, notamment de l'ordre de 200 MHz ou plus permet d'augmenter fortement ce flux d'informations ou d'instructions. Toutefois, un système fonctionnant avec une communication à haute fréquence consomme relativement beaucoup d'énergie, notamment pour des tickets électroniques en mode d'écoute.Then, a low frequency field, in particular of the order of 125 KHz or 13 MHz can be confined in a relatively small area, in particular of oval shape, but the flow of information or instructions can be transmitted at this frequency is relatively weak. On the other hand, a relatively high frequency, in particular of the order of 200 MHz or more, makes it possible to greatly increase this flow of information or instructions. However, a system operating with high frequency communication consumes relatively much power, especially for electronic tickets in listening mode.

Dans un espace délimité présentant au moins une entrée, une surveillance des entrées et sorties d'individus ou d'objets munis de tickets électroniques appropriés présente une difficulté importante pour des individus ou objets s'approchant de cette entrée et restant à proximité de celle-ci. Dans le cas d'un bus ou d'un train par exemple, il se peut que des personnes munies de tels tickets électroniques viennent simplement accompagner une autre personne ou même qu'elles montent momentanément dans ce moyen de transport pour y apporter des bagages d'une autre personne.In a delimited space presenting at least one entrance, monitoring the entrances and exits of individuals or objects equipped with appropriate electronic tickets presents a significant difficulty for individuals or objects approaching this entrance and remaining close to the entrance. this. In the case of a bus or a train for example, it is possible that people equipped with such e-tickets simply accompany a other person or even that they momentarily ride in this means of transport to bring luggage from another person.

Dans le cadre de moyens de transport du type train, des problèmes particuliers peuvent intervenir dans le cadre d'un protocole de détection de la présence d'individus ou d'objets. Ceci est notamment le cas lorsque deux trains sont situés l'un à côté de l'autre dans une station ou une gare. Il se peut également que ces deux trains partent simultanément et fassent ainsi une partie de trajet l'un à côté de l'autre. Un simple protocole de détection dans un des deux trains, notamment à haute fréquence, effectué lors de l'entrée ou de la sortie des voyageurs ou même lors de son départ peut entraîner des dysfonctionnements et interférences avec un autre système agencé dans l'autre train. On peut ainsi avoir une situation où un système de détection agencé dans l'un des trains comptabilise la présence d'individus se trouvant dans l'autre train. On peut aussi envisager que les systèmes agencés dans les deux trains interfèrent, ce qui peut conduire notamment à ne pas comptabiliser des voyageurs dans l'un ou l'autre des trains. Toutes ces situations et d'autres encore doivent être impérativement évitées pour qu'un protocole de détection de la présence d'individus, en particulier pour le paiement du coût du trajet effectué avec le moyen de transport utilisé, soit opérationnel avec un haut niveau de sécurité.In the case of train-type means of transport, particular problems may arise in the context of a protocol for detecting the presence of individuals or objects. This is particularly the case when two trains are located next to each other in a station or a station. It is also possible that these two trains leave simultaneously and thus make a part of the path next to each other. A simple detection protocol in one of the two trains, including high frequency, made during the entry or exit of travelers or even when leaving can cause malfunctions and interference with another system arranged in the other train . One can thus have a situation where a detection system arranged in one of the trains counts the presence of individuals in the other train. It can also be envisaged that the systems arranged in the two trains interfere, which can lead in particular not to count travelers in one or other of the trains. All these and other situations must be absolutely avoided so that a protocol for detecting the presence of individuals, particularly for the payment of the cost of the journey made with the means of transport used, is operational with a high level of security.

La présente invention se propose de pallier ces inconvénients en proposant un protocole de détection de la présence d'individus ou d'objets et un système agencé pour sa mise en oeuvre où il est prévu d'effectuer au moins une mesure de distance entre chaque ticket électronique entrant dans un espace délimité surveillé et des moyens de mesure de cette au moins une distance. Ainsi, il est possible d'établir avec une certaine précision si une personne ou un objet a pénétré au moins dans un sous-espace dudit espace délimité. Toutefois, il reste un problème majeur pour la région de la ou des entrées à l'espace délimité lorsque cette ou ces entrées sont ouvertes. Ceci est dû essentiellement à la précision sur la mesure de distance effectuée, cette mesure pouvant être établie normalement dans un intervalle de temps relativement court. Ensuite, plus les moyens de mesure doivent être précis, plus leurs coûts augmentent de manière importante.The present invention proposes to overcome these disadvantages by proposing a protocol for detecting the presence of individuals or objects and a system arranged for its implementation where it is intended to perform at least one distance measurement between each ticket. electronics entering a guarded delimited space and means for measuring this at least one distance. Thus, it is possible to establish with some precision whether a person or an object has penetrated at least in a subspace of said delimited space. However, there remains a major problem for the region of the entry (s) to the delimited space when this entry (s) are open. This is mainly due to the accuracy of the distance measurement performed, which measurement can be normally established within a relatively short time interval. Secondly, the more accurate the measurement means, the higher their costs.

A cet effet, la présente invention concerne un protocole de détection de la présence d'individus ou d'objets, munis de tickets électroniques destinés à une application de détection mettant en oeuvre ce protocole dans un espace délimité présentant au moins une entrée, ce protocole étant caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte les étapes suivantes lorsque cette entrée est ouverte :

  • A) réveil de tous lesdits tickets électroniques approchant ladite entrée ou passant par cette entrée et qui ne sont pas déjà réveillés;
  • B) procédé de détermination de la présence dans une zone d'entrée des tickets électroniques réveillés, cette zone d'entrée étant localisée au moins en majeure partie à proximité immédiate de ladite entrée;
  • C) mesure d'une ou plusieurs distance(s) entre chaque ticket électronique réveillé qui sort de ladite zone d'entrée en direction de l'intérieur dudit espace délimité et des moyens de mesure de cette ou ces distance(s).
For this purpose, the present invention relates to a protocol for detecting the presence of individuals or objects, provided with electronic tickets intended for a detection application implementing this protocol in a space delimited having at least one entry, this protocol being characterized in that it comprises the following steps when this entry is open:
  • A) awakening of all said electronic tickets approaching said entry or passing through this entry and which are not already awake;
  • B) a method of determining the presence in an input area of the woken electronic tickets, this input area being located at least in the major part in close proximity to said input;
  • C) measuring one or more distance (s) between each woken electronic ticket that leaves said entrance zone towards the interior of said delimited space and measuring means of this or these distance (s).

De préférence, le réveil lors de l'étape A est effectué à une fréquence relativement basse, par exemple 125 KHz. Dans un mode de réalisation préféré, la zone d'entrée est définie par un premier champ électromagnétique émis par au moins un premier émetteur, cette zone d'entrée étant la région où l'amplitude de ce premier champ électromagnétique reçu par les tickets réveillés est égale ou supérieure à une valeur minimum prédéfinie. Dans une variante avantageuse, le réveil des tickets est également effectué par ledit au moins premier émetteur.Preferably, the awakening during step A is performed at a relatively low frequency, for example 125 KHz. In a preferred embodiment, the input zone is defined by a first electromagnetic field emitted by at least a first emitter, this input zone being the region where the amplitude of this first electromagnetic field received by the awakened tickets is equal to or greater than a predefined minimum value. In an advantageous variant, the alarm clock is also performed by said at least first transmitter.

La localisation des tickets électroniques par les moyens de mesure intervenant dans l'étape C est effectuée par exemple par un dispositif de mesure de distance formé de plusieurs modules agencées spatialement à divers endroits dans ledit espace délimité. Une seul unité de mesure monobloc peut suffire dans certains cas. En général, trois modules récepteurs non alignés permettent une bonne localisation et de réduire l'étendue de la zone d'entrée pour assurer une détermination exacte de la présence des tickets dans l'espace délimité.The location of the electronic tickets by the measuring means involved in the step C is carried out for example by a distance measuring device formed of several modules arranged spatially at various locations in said defined space. A single unit of measurement may be sufficient in some cases. In general, three non-aligned receiver modules allow good location and reduce the extent of the entrance area to ensure an accurate determination of the presence of tickets in the delimited space.

Dans une variante préférée, il est prévu que les tickets électroniques réveillés ne communiquent pas avec les moyens de mesure tant que ces tickets sont situés dans la zone d'entrée et que l'entrée est ouverte. D'autres variantes sont également envisagées.In a preferred variant, it is expected that the woken electronic tickets do not communicate with the measuring means as long as these tickets are located in the input area and the input is open. Other variants are also envisaged.

Le protocole de détection selon l'invention est complété de préférence après la fermeture de la ou des entrées audit espace délimité par une étape dans laquelle il est prévu de mesurer une ou plusieurs distance(s) entre chaque ticket électronique qui est présent dans ladite zone d'entrée à l'intérieur dudit espace délimité et des moyens de mesure de cette ou ces distance(s). Dans une variante préférée, il est prévu pour que cette dernière mesure soit effectuée que le processus de détermination de la présence dans ladite zone d'entrée desdits tickets électroniques soit arrêté. Dans la variante où la zone d'entrée est définie par un champ électromagnétique, l'émission de ce champ est arrêtée de sorte que les tickets électroniques présents dans la partie de ladite zone d'entrée située à l'intérieur de l'espace délimité ne reçoivent plus de champ.The detection protocol according to the invention is preferably completed after closing the entry (s) to said delimited space by a step in which it is intended to measure one or more distance (s) between each electronic ticket that is present in said area. input within said delimited space and measuring means of this or these distance (s). In a preferred variant, provision is made for the latter measurement to be performed that the process of determining the presence in said input area of said electronic tickets is stopped. In the variant in which the input zone is defined by an electromagnetic field, the emission of this field is stopped so that the electronic tickets present in the part of said input zone situated inside the delimited space no longer receive a field

Il ressort des dernières caractéristiques du protocole intervenant après la fermeture de la ou des entrées que tout ticket électronique destiné à l'application de détection et situé dans l'espace délimité est identifié de manière sûre, à l'exclusion de ceux qui ne sont pas dans cet espace délimité. Ceci découle notamment du fait qu'après la fermeture de la ou des entrées, une certaine distance sépare les individus ou objets à l'intérieur et à l'extérieur de l'espace délimité. Ceci est d'autant plus vrai lorsqu'il s'agit d'un moyen de transport et que ce dernier se met en mouvement. Même dans le cas de deux trains situés l'un à côté de l'autre et partant simultanément, une localisation par au moins une mesure de distance avec une précision de l'ordre de celle nécessaire lors de l'étape C suffit largement pour ne comptabiliser que les tickets présents à l'intérieur de l'espace délimité surveillé. On notera de plus que les portes fermant les entrées peuvent former au moins partiellement un blindage pour les signaux électromagnétiques utilisés pour les mesures de distance.It emerges from the last characteristics of the protocol occurring after the closure of the entry (s) that any electronic ticket intended for the detection application and located in the delimited space is securely identified, with the exception of those which are not in this delimited space. This follows in particular from the fact that after the closing of the entry (s), a certain distance separates the individuals or objects inside and outside the delimited space. This is all the more true when it comes to a means of transport and that it starts moving. Even in the case of two trains located next to each other and starting simultaneously, a location by at least one distance measurement with a precision of the order of that required during step C is largely sufficient to account for the tickets within the supervised delimited area. It will be further noted that the doors closing the inputs can at least partially form a shield for the electromagnetic signals used for distance measurements.

Dans une variante, il est encore prévu de communiquer à relativement haute fréquence directement après la mesure permettant de localiser un ticket à l'intérieur de l'espace délimité pour communiquer au moins une information ou une instruction à ces tickets. Dans une autre variante, notamment complémentaire, il est prévu de communiquer après fermeture des portes à relativement haute fréquence à l'aide d'émetteurs fournissant un champ électromagnétique se propageant essentiellement dans l'ensemble de l'espace délimité avec une amplitude suffisante pour assurer une communication avec tous les tickets présents dans cet espace délimité.In a variant, it is also planned to communicate at relatively high frequency directly after the measurement to locate a ticket within the delimited space to communicate at least one information or instruction to these tickets. In another variant, particularly complementary, it is intended to communicate after closure of the relatively high frequency doors with transmitters providing an electromagnetic field propagating substantially throughout the delimited space with a sufficient amplitude to ensure a communication with all the tickets present in this delimited space.

D'autres variantes et avantages de la présente invention ressortiront également de la description suivante d'un mode de mise en oeuvre du protocole selon l'invention, fait en référence à la figure 1 ci-annexée, donnée à titre d'exemple nullement limitatif. Un mode de réalisation d'un système de détection de la présence d'individus ou d'objets permettant la mise en oeuvre du protocole de détection selon l'invention sera également décrit ci-après à l'aide de cette figure 1.Other variants and advantages of the present invention will also emerge from the following description of an embodiment of the protocol according to the invention, with reference to FIG. 1 appended hereto, given by way of non-limiting example. . An embodiment of a system for detecting the presence of individuals or objects making it possible to implement the detection protocol according to the invention will also be described hereinafter with the aid of this FIG.

Sur cette figure 1 est représenté un wagon 10 d'un moyen de transport présentant quatre entrées principales 2, 3, 4 et 5 et deux entrées secondaires 7 et 8 permettant de passer dans des wagons adjacents. Le wagon 10 définit un espace délimité dans lequel il est possible d'entrer et sortir aux moyens des entrées principales et secondaires. Chaque entrée principale 2 à 5 est équipée de moyens de détection d'individus 12 équipés de tickets électroniques 14 destinés à l'application de détection de la présence de ces individus dans le wagon 10 ou plus généralement dans le moyen de transport auquel ce wagon est affecté. Les entrées secondaires 7 et 8 peuvent également être équipées de tels moyens de détection ou d'autres moyens complémentaires. Toutefois, une détection du mouvement des individus à travers des portes secondaires 7 et 8 n'est pas déterminante pour le contrôle des passagers effectuant un certain trajet avec le moyen de transport concerné lorsque ce moyen de transport est considéré dans son ensemble et est surveillé notamment par un système centralisé permettant de savoir si une personne qui est entrée dans un certain wagon en ressort ultérieurement par une entrée d'un autre wagon.In this figure 1 is shown a wagon 10 of a transport means having four main inputs 2, 3, 4 and 5 and two secondary inputs 7 and 8 to pass in adjacent wagons. The wagon 10 defines a delimited space in which it is possible to enter and exit by means of the main and secondary entrances. Each main entrance 2 to 5 is equipped with means for detecting individuals 12 equipped with electronic tickets 14 intended for the application of detecting the presence of these individuals in the wagon 10 or more generally in the means of transport to which this wagon is affected. The secondary inputs 7 and 8 can also be equipped with such detection means or other complementary means. However, detection of the movement of individuals through secondary doors 7 and 8 is not decisive for the control of passengers making a certain journey with the means of transport concerned when the means of transport is considered as a whole and is monitored in particular by a centralized system to know if a person who entered into a certain wagon subsequently emerged from an entry of another wagon.

Par la suite, on décrira un protocole de détection selon l'invention effectué à une entrée principale quelconque du wagon 10. Les moyens ou dispositifs identiques agencés aux diverses entrées portent les mêmes références.Subsequently, a detection protocol according to the invention will be described at any main entrance of wagon 10. The identical means or devices arranged at the various inputs have the same references.

Le flux de personnes entrant ou sortant dans le wagon 10 peut être relativement élevé. Dans le cas de la présente invention, il est prévu de détecter dans les espaces d'entrée-sortie 16 et 18 les individus entrant ou sortant du wagon 10. Ce choix se distingue en particulier d'une détection dans l'ensemble de l'espace délimité du wagon 10. Dans le cas de la présente invention, on cherche donc à définir de manière efficace et correcte les individus munis d'un ticket 14 qui sont présents à un certain moment dans ces espaces d'entrée-sortie 16 et 18.The flow of people entering or leaving the wagon 10 can be relatively high. In the case of the present invention, it is intended to detect in the entry-exit spaces 16 and 18 the individuals entering or leaving the wagon 10. This choice is distinguished in particular from a detection in the whole of the 10. In the case of the present invention, it is therefore sought to effectively and correctly define the individuals with a ticket 14 which are present at a certain time in these entry-exit spaces 16 and 18. .

On peut définir deux situations principales, l'une dans laquelle les entrées principales 2 à 5 sont ouvertes et l'autre dans laquelle ces entrées principales sont fermées.Two main situations can be defined, one in which the main inputs 2 to 5 are open and the other in which these main inputs are closed.

Dans le cas où les portes principales sont ouvertes, tout ticket électronique 14 approprié et porté par un utilisateur 12 est réveillé, si tel n'est pas déjà le cas, à l'approche de l'entrée 5 de manière que ce ticket passe d'un mode d'écoute à un mode actif. Cette étape de réveil permet de minimiser l'énergie nécessaire au ticket électronique 14 qui est généralement un objet portable autonome. Ce ticket 14 est équipé de moyens lui permettant de déterminer, une fois qu'il est réveillé, s'il se trouve dans une zone d'entrée 20 localisée au moins en majeure partie à proximité immédiate de l'entrée 5. La zone d'entrée 20 est définie par un champ électromagnétique émis par un émetteur 22. Plus précisément, la zone d'entrée 20 est la région où l'amplitude de ce champ électromagnétique reçu par les tickets réveillés 14 est égale ou supérieure à une valeur minimum prédéfinie. Selon une première variante de réalisation, le procédé de détermination de la présence d'un ticket 14 dans la zone d'entrée 20 consiste en la mesure par ce ticket de l'amplitude du champ électromagnétique émis par l'émetteur 22 pour déterminer si elle est inférieure ou non à ladite valeur minimum. Dans une autre variante de réalisation, l'émetteur 22 émet des signaux successifs dans la zone 20. Les tickets réveillés recevant ces signaux avec une amplitude suffisante à leur lecture sont considérés dans cette zone 20. Dans ce cas, la valeur minimum prédéfinie correspond à l'amplitude minimum suffisante pour que de tels signaux soient reçus par les tickets.In the case where the main doors are open, any electronic ticket 14 appropriate and worn by a user 12 is awakened, if it is not already the case, near the entrance 5 so that the ticket passes from a listening mode in an active mode. This waking step makes it possible to minimize the energy required for the electronic ticket 14, which is generally an autonomous portable object. This ticket 14 is equipped with means enabling it to determine, once it has been woken up, whether it is located in an entry zone 20 located at least for the most part in the immediate vicinity of the entrance 5. input 20 is defined by an electromagnetic field emitted by a transmitter 22. More specifically, the input zone 20 is the region where the amplitude of this electromagnetic field received by the awake tickets 14 is equal to or greater than a predefined minimum value . According to a first variant embodiment, the method for determining the presence of a ticket 14 in the input zone 20 consists in the measurement by this ticket of the amplitude of the electromagnetic field emitted by the transmitter 22 to determine whether it is less or less than said minimum value. In another variant embodiment, the transmitter 22 transmits successive signals in the zone 20. The awake tickets receiving these signals with a sufficient amplitude for their reading are considered in this zone 20. In this case, the predefined minimum value corresponds to the minimum amplitude sufficient for such signals to be received by the tickets.

De préférence, l'émetteur 22 émet à une fréquence relativement basse, par exemple 125 KHz ou environ 13.5 MHz. Dans une variante avantageuse, la fonction de réveil des tickets 14 est effectuée à l'aide de l'émetteur 22.Preferably, the transmitter 22 transmits at a relatively low frequency, for example 125 KHz or about 13.5 MHz. In an advantageous variant, the wakeup function of the tickets 14 is carried out using the transmitter 22.

Selon une autre variante, il est prévu que le ticket 14 fonctionne comme un transpondeur qui répond à un signal d'interrogation du lecteur 22. Ainsi, tant que le lecteur 22 reçoit une réponse du ticket 14, ce dernier est considéré présent dans la zone d'entrée 20. Cette dernière variante se distingue des deux autres mentionnées ci-avant en ce que l'information relative à la présence dans la zone 20 du ticket 14 est dans le lecteur 22. Ce lecteur est relié à une unité électronique centrale 30 qui utilise alors cette information pour la mise en oeuvre du protocole de détection selon l'invention, notamment pour valider ou non une mesure de distance décrite ci-après.According to another variant, it is provided that the ticket 14 functions as a transponder which responds to an interrogation signal from the reader 22. Thus, as long as the reader 22 receives a response from the ticket 14, the latter is considered present in the zone 20. This last variant differs from the other two mentioned above in that the information relating to the presence in the area 20 of the ticket 14 is in the reader 22. This reader is connected to a central electronic unit 30 which then uses this information for the implementation of the detection protocol according to the invention, in particular to validate or not a distance measurement described hereinafter.

Pour détecter la présence des individus dans l'espace entrée-sortie 16 ou 18, il est prévu des moyens de localisation par une mesure d'au moins une distance. Pour ce faire, il est prévu dans le système de la figure 1 un dispositif de mesure avec trois modules récepteurs 32, 33 et 34 localisés spatialement à divers endroits dans l'espace 16, respectivement 18. De préférence, ces trois modules ne sont pas alignés. Dans un mode de réalisation particulier du système de détection selon l'invention, il est prévu d'agencer le ou les modules du dispositif de mesure de distances de manière à ce qu'il(s) reçoive(nt) des signaux électromagnétiques provenant seulement de l'intérieur dudit espace délimité et plus particulièrement de l'espace entrée-sortie 16 ou 18 et/ou émette(nt) des signaux seulement à l'intérieur de cet espace. Pour ce faire, on peut agencer une unité de mesure notamment au-dessus de l'entrée et la blinder au moins sur son côté externe, c'est-à-dire du côté orienté vers l'extérieur relativement à une paroi présentant l'entrée où la détection est effectuée de manière que cette unité de mesure ne puisse communiquer avec l'extérieur dudit espace délimité dans la région de cette entrée. Dans ce mode de réalisation, la précision sur la mesure est bien moins critique puisque le ticket sortant de la zone d'entrée qui est mesuré se trouve alors forcément à l'intérieur de l'espace délimité, notamment du wagon 10. Ainsi, un seul module récepteur ou émetteur-récepteur sans grande précision de mesure peut suffire.In order to detect the presence of individuals in the input-output space 16 or 18, location means are provided by a measurement of at least one distance. To do this, a measuring device is provided in the system of FIG. 1 with three receiver modules 32, 33 and 34 located spatially at various locations in space 16, respectively 18. Preferably, these three modules are not aligned. In a particular embodiment of the detection system according to the invention, it is intended to arrange the module or modules of the distance measuring device so that it (s) receive (s) electromagnetic signals from only from within said space delimited and more particularly the input-output space 16 or 18 and / or emit (s) signals only within this space. To do this, it is possible to arrange a unit of measurement, in particular above the entrance, and to shield it at least on its external side, that is to say on the side facing outwards with respect to a wall having the input where the detection is carried out so that this measurement unit can not communicate with the outside of said delimited space in the region of this input. In this embodiment, the accuracy of the measurement is much less critical since the ticket leaving the input zone which is measured is then necessarily inside the defined space, in particular of the wagon 10. Thus, a only receiver module or transceiver without high measurement accuracy may suffice.

Plusieurs moyens connus de l'homme du métier pour localiser un ticket par mesure de distance(s) peuvent être utilisés. A titre d'exemple, on citera une première variante dans laquelle la localisation est effectuée par des mesures de distance(s) entre le ticket 14 et le ou les module(s) récepteur(s), le dispositif de mesure étant agencé pour déterminer un temps de réponse du ticket qui renvoie un signal d'écho à réception d'au moins un signal envoyé par ce dispositif de mesure. Selon une autre variante, la mesure de distance consiste en une mesure par chaque module de mesure de l'amplitude d'un signal fourni par ce ticket, soit directement, soit en réponse à un signal d'excitation. On peut aussi prévoir le cas inverse où la mesure d'amplitude est effectuée par le ticket pour un signal reçu de chaque module de mesure prévu.Several means known to those skilled in the art for locating a ticket by distance measurement (s) can be used. By way of example, there will be mentioned a first variant in which the location is performed by measurements of distance (s) between the ticket 14 and the receiver module (s), the measuring device being arranged to determine a response time of the ticket which returns an echo signal upon reception of at least one signal sent by this measuring device. According to another variant, the distance measurement consists of a measurement by each measurement module of the amplitude of a signal provided by this ticket, either directly or in response to an excitation signal. It is also possible to provide the opposite case where the amplitude measurement is performed by the ticket for a signal received from each planned measurement module.

Chaque zone d'entrée 20 couvre une entrée à l'espace délimité. La largeur de cette zone d'entrée 20 est prévue de manière à ce qu'elle soit sensiblement égale ou supérieure à l'imprécision sur la mesure de distances pour déterminer si le ticket 14 est situé à l'intérieur de l'espace entrée-sortie 16 ou 18 et/ou pour permettre une communication lors du passage des tickets électroniques dans cette zone. Ceci permet de ne considérer comme dedans, lorsque les portes sont ouvertes, que les tickets 14 qui sont effectivement à l'intérieur du wagon 10, Tant que les portes sont ouvertes, les tickets présents dans la ou les zones d'entrée 20 ne sont pas comptabilisés comme étant à l'intérieur du wagon 10. Ainsi, même avec une relativement grande incertitude ou erreur sur les mesures de distance, la détection des tickets enregistrés comme ayant pénétrés l'espace du wagon 10 se fait de manière efficace et sûr.Each entry zone 20 covers an entrance to the delimited space. The width of this input zone 20 is provided such that it is substantially equal to or greater than the inaccuracy on the distance measurement to determine whether the ticket 14 is located within the input-space. output 16 or 18 and / or to allow communication during the passage of electronic tickets in this area. This makes it possible to consider as in, when the doors are open, that the tickets 14 that are actually inside the wagon 10, As long as the doors are open, the tickets present in the entry area or 20 are not not counted as being inside the car 10. Thus, even with a relatively large uncertainty or error in the distance measurements, the detection of the tickets recorded as having entered the space of the wagon 10 is done efficiently and safely.

Selon l'invention, il est prévu soit de localiser un ticket 14 situé à l'intérieur de l'espace 16 à l'exclusion des zones d'entrée 20, soit de valider la mesure de distance(s) seulement lorsque ce ticket est situé, lors de cette mesure, hors de ces zones d'entrées 20.According to the invention, it is intended either to locate a ticket 14 located inside the space 16 to the exclusion of the entry areas 20, or to validate the distance measurement (s) only when this ticket is located, during this measurement, outside these entry areas 20.

Pour écarter de la comptabilisation des tickets entrant ou sortant du wagon 10 ceux présents dans la ou les zones d'entrée 20, il est prévu dans une variante préférée que les tickets 14 présents dans une zone 20 ne communiquent pas avec les moyens de mesure tant qu'ils sont situés dans cette zone et que l'entrée correspondante est ouverte. Dans une autre variante, il est possible de localiser également les tickets situés dans les zones d'entrée 20, mais de ne valider une mesure, lorsque les entrées sont ouvertes, seulement si le ticket mesuré était alors hors d'une zone 20. L'information permettant de savoir si le ticket est dans la zone 20 lors d'une mesure de distance peut se faire soit par l'envoi d'un signal d'information par le ticket lui-même à un récepteur ou lecteur prévu dans le système selon la présente invention, soit par un lecteur et notamment le lecteur 22 dans le cas où cette détermination s'effectue au niveau d'un tel lecteur comme mentionné précédemment dans le cadre d'une variante.In order to rule out the accounting of the tickets entering or leaving wagon 10, those present in the entry zone or zones 20, it is provided in a preferred variant that the tickets 14 present in a zone 20 do not communicate with the measuring means so long. that they are located in this area and that the corresponding entry is open. In another variant, it is possible to also locate the tickets located in the input zones 20, but to validate a measurement, when the inputs are open, only if the ticket measured was then outside a zone 20. L information to know if the ticket is in the zone 20 during a distance measurement can be done either by sending an information signal by the ticket itself to a receiver or reader provided in the system according to the present invention, either by a reader and in particular the reader 22 in the case where this determination is made at such a reader as mentioned above in the context of a variant.

Dans une variante préférée, une communication s'effectue soit à haute fréquence, soit à basse fréquence avec le lecteur 22 lorsque les tickets sont dans la zone d'entrée 20. Cette communication sert notamment à l'identification des tickets. Le système de détection agencé dans le wagon 10, en particulier l'unité centrale 30, peut alors établir une liste de tous les tickets entrant dans une zone 20 donnée. A partir de ce moment, le système sait qu'une mesure de distance doit être effectuée pour tous ces tickets lorsqu'ils pénètrent plus à l'intérieur du wagon 10 ou, le cas échéant, lorsqu'ils en ressortent par une entrée. Après fermeture des portes, le solde des tickets est de préférence également détecté par une mesure permettant de définir s'ils sont situés à l'intérieur du wagon 10. Toutefois, lorsqu'il s'agit d'un moyen de transport et que celui-ci se met en mouvement, les candidats restant sur la liste doivent normalement être situés à l'intérieur du wagon 10 étant donné que ceux qui étaient à l'extérieur de ce wagon et pourtant dans une zone d'entrée 20 en sortent généralement lorsque le moyen de transport se met en mouvement.In a preferred embodiment, a communication is performed either at high frequency or at low frequency with the reader 22 when the tickets are in the input area 20. This communication is used in particular for the identification of tickets. The detection system arranged in the wagon 10, in particular the central unit 30, can then establish a list of all the tickets entering a given area. From this moment, the system knows that a measurement of distance must be made for all these tickets when they penetrate more inside the wagon 10 or, if necessary, when they come out of it by an entry. After closure of the doors, the balance of the tickets is preferably also detected by a measure to define if they are located inside the wagon 10. However, when it is a means of transport and the one it starts moving, the candidates remaining on the list should normally be located inside the wagon 10 since those who were outside the wagon and yet in an entry zone 20 generally leave it when the means of transport starts moving.

On notera que d'autres instructions ou informations peuvent être échangées lorsque les tickets sont présents dans les zones d'entrée 20. Selon un mode de mise en oeuvre particulier, il est prévu une communication à relativement haute fréquence avec un émetteur 41 ou 42 couvrant respectivement les zones entrée-sortie 16 et 18. Lors de cette communication, au moins une information ou une instruction est fournie au ticket entrant. Si cela n'a pas déjà été fait dans la zone 20, il est possible de lui communiquer notamment le wagon dans lequel il se trouve et la station dans laquelle il est monté dans ce wagon. Une instruction mettant à nouveau les tickets en mode écoute peut être prévue à ce moment. Il est également possible de prévoir que les tickets soient à nouveau dans un mode actif après un certain intervalle de temps déterminé qui leur est communiqué.Note that other instructions or information can be exchanged when the tickets are present in the input areas 20. According to a particular embodiment, it is provided a communication to relatively high frequency with a transmitter 41 or 42 respectively covering the input-output areas 16 and 18. During this communication, at least one information or instruction is provided to the incoming ticket. If this has not already been done in zone 20, it is possible to communicate to him in particular the wagon in which it is and the station in which it is mounted in this wagon. An instruction again setting the tickets in listening mode can be provided at this time. It is also possible to provide that the tickets are again in an active mode after a certain specified time interval communicated to them.

On remarquera que, de préférence, le mode d'écoute est prévu à relativement basse fréquence, ce qui ne permet pas de réveiller un ticket à l'aide d'un émetteur à relativement haute fréquence. Dans un mode de réalisation particulier du système de détection selon l'invention, un ou plusieurs autres émetteurs et/ou récepteurs 44 émettant à relativement haute fréquence sont agencés dans l'espace délimité par le wagon 10 de manière à couvrir par le champ électromagnétique émis à relativement haute fréquence l'ensemble de cet espace délimité en vue d'une communication avec tous les tickets présents à l'intérieur de cet espace. On notera que la portée du champ émis à haute fréquence peut s'étendre généralement hors des limites du wagon 10. Toutefois, le système connaît grâce à l'invention la liste des tickets présents à l'intérieur de sorte qu'une communication valable ne sera établie qu'avec ces tickets-là.It will be noted that, preferably, the listening mode is provided at a relatively low frequency, which does not make it possible to wake a ticket using a relatively high frequency transmitter. In a particular embodiment of the detection system according to the invention, one or more other emitters and / or receivers 44 emitting at relatively high frequency are arranged in the space delimited by the wagon 10 so as to cover by the electromagnetic field emitted at relatively high frequency all of this limited space for communication with all the tickets present within this space. It should be noted that the range of the field emitted at high frequency can generally extend beyond the limits of the wagon 10. However, thanks to the invention, the system knows the list of the tickets present inside so that a valid communication does not occur. will be established only with these tickets.

Une fois les entrées fermées, le protocole selon l'invention est avantageusement complété par une étape dans laquelle il est prévu de localiser les tickets restés dans les zones d'entrées 20 par les unités de mesures de distance 32 à 34. On remarquera que la situation avec les entrées fermées diffère de celle avec les entrées ouvertes en ce que normalement au moins les personnes situées à l'extérieur du wagon s'écartent de ces entrées. Ainsi, même si la mesure de distance présente une imprécision non négligeable, seules les personnes présentes dans la zone d'entrée 20 à l'intérieur de l'espace du wagon 10 seront détectées. En d'autres termes, une distance maximale en dessous de laquelle un ticket est considéré à l'intérieur du wagon peut être augmentée lorsque les portes sont fermées, et ceci d'autant plus lorsqu'il s'agit d'un moyen de transport qui se met en mouvement. Ainsi, en tenant compte des erreurs de mesure possibles, un résultat de mesure correspondant à un point situé quelque peu en dehors du wagon 10 sera considéré comme étant à l'intérieur de ce wagon. Ainsi, un ticket électronique est considéré à l'intérieur dudit espace délimité si le résultat de la mesure est situé dans une plage ou zone de valeurs donnée.Once the inputs are closed, the protocol according to the invention is advantageously completed by a step in which it is planned to locate the tickets remaining in the input areas 20 by the distance measurement units 32 to 34. It will be noted that the the situation with closed entrances differs from that with open entrances in that normally at least the persons outside the wagon deviate from these entrances. Thus, even if the distance measurement has a non-negligible inaccuracy, only those present in the entry zone 20 inside the space of the wagon 10 will be detected. In other words, a maximum distance below which a ticket is considered inside the wagon can be increased when the doors are closed, and all the more so when it is a means of transport who starts moving. Thus, taking into account the possible measurement errors, a measurement result corresponding to a point located somewhat outside the wagon 10 will be considered as being inside this wagon. So, a electronic ticket is considered within said delimited space if the result of the measurement is situated in a given range or area of values.

La mesure après la fermeture des portes s'effectue de préférence immédiatement suite à un arrêt du procédé de détermination de la présence des tickets dans une zone d'entrée décrit précédemment. On met fin notamment à l'émission d'un champ électromagnétique par les émetteurs 22. Selon d'autres variantes, les tickets 14 présents dans la zone d'entrée reçoivent alors instruction de communiquer avec les moyens de mesure. D'autres variantes peuvent être envisagées par l'homme de métier.The measurement after the closure of the doors is preferably performed immediately after stopping the method of determining the presence of tickets in an input area described above. In particular, the emission of an electromagnetic field by the emitters 22 is terminated. According to other variants, the tickets 14 present in the input zone are then instructed to communicate with the measurement means. Other variants may be envisaged by those skilled in the art.

Finalement, on notera que les divers émetteurs ou lecteurs sont avantageusement reliés à l'unité centrale 30 pour une gestion centralisée des diverses informations. Lorsque plusieurs wagons sont appondus, pour former notamment un train, une unité de supervision de l'ensemble des wagons peut avantageusement être prévue, notamment lorsque les passages d'un wagon à l'autre ne sont pas équipés de moyens de détection par exemple selon la présente invention.Finally, it will be noted that the various transmitters or readers are advantageously connected to the central unit 30 for centralized management of the various pieces of information. When several wagons are bouncing, to form in particular a train, a supervision unit of all the wagons can advantageously be provided, especially when the passages of a wagon to the other are not equipped with detection means for example according to the present invention.

Claims (30)

  1. Protocol for detecting the presence of individuals or objects, provided with electronic tickets (14) intended for a detection application implementing this protocol, in a defined space (10) having at least one entry (2, 3, 4, 5), characterised in that it includes the following steps when the entry is open:
    A) awakening all said electronic tickets approaching said entry or passing through said entry and which are not already awakened;
    B) implementing process for determining the presence of the awakened electronic tickets in an entry zone (20), this entry zone being localised at least mostly in immediate proximity to said entry;
    C) measuring at least one distance between each of said awakened electronic tickets which leaves said entry zone towards the interior of said defined space and the means (32, 33, 34) for measuring said at least one distance.
  2. Protocol according to claim 1, characterised in that said awakening during step A is effected at a relatively low frequency, for example 125 kHz or approximately 13.5 MHz.
  3. Protocol according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that said entry zone is defined by a first electromagnetic field transmitted by at least a first transmitter (22), this entry zone being the region where the amplitude of this first electromagnetic field received by said awakened tickets is equal to or greater than a minimum reception value by said tickets.
  4. Protocol according to claim 3, characterised in that said at least first transmitter transmits at a relatively low frequency, for example 125 KHz or approximately 13.5 MHz.
  5. Protocol according to claim 3 or 4, characterised in that said process for determining the presence in said entry zone of the awakened electronic tickets consists in these tickets measuring the amplitude of said first electromagnetic field to determine whether or not it is less than said minimum value.
  6. Protocol according to claim 3 or 4, characterised in that said process for determining the presence in an entry zone of the awakened electronic tickets consists in said at least first transmitter (22) sends signals into said entry zone, the awakened tickets which receive these signals with sufficient amplitude to read them being considered as being in said entry zone, this amplitude being sufficient if it is equal to or greater than said minimum value.
  7. Protocol according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that said means for measuring said at least one distance are formed by a device having several measuring modules (32, 33, 34) spatially localised at various locations in said defined space (10).
  8. Protocol according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that said measurement of said at least one distance is effected by a measurement of the response time of each ticket leaving said entry zone which sends an echo signal upon receiving a signal sent by said measuring means.
  9. Protocol according to any of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that said measurement of at least one distance between each ticket leaving said entry zone and said measuring means consist in a measurement by said measuring means of the amplitude of a signal provided by this ticket.
  10. Protocol according to any of the preceding claims characterised in that said awakened electronic tickets do not communicate with said measuring means while they are situated in said entry zone and while said entry is open.
  11. Protocol according to any of claims 1 to 9, characterised in that said awakened tickets situated in said entry zone communicate with said measuring means, any measurement of at least one distance between a ticket and said measuring means being validated, when said entry is open, only if the ticket was then outside said entry zone.
  12. Protocol according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that said awakened electronic tickets give their identification in said entry zone, a list of all the identified tickets being established.
  13. Protocol according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that as soon as an electronic ticket is detected inside said defined space, a relatively high frequency communication is established with a second transmitter (41, 42) which provides it with at least one item of data or instruction.
  14. Protocol according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that said steps A to C are followed by the following step after said entry has closed:
    D) measuring at least one distance between each electronic ticket which is present in said entry zone inside said defined space and the means for measuring this at least one distance, this electronic ticket being considered as being inside said defined space if the result of this measurement is situated in a given range or zone of values.
  15. Protocol according to claim 14, characterised in that said measurement of step D is effected immediately after a halt in said process for determining the presence of said electronic tickets in said entry zone.
  16. Protocol according to claims 14 and 10, characterised in that said tickets present in said entry zone receive an instruction to communicate, after said entry has closed, with said measuring means intervening in said step D.
  17. Protocol according to claims 14 and 11, characterised in that said measurement of at least one distance provided in step C is validated after said entry has dosed, when said at least one distance is situated in said pre-defined range of values.
  18. Protocol according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that after said entry has closed, a communication is established between the tickets detected inside said defined space and communication means (41, 42, 44) which transmit an electromagnetic field at a relatively high frequency, this electromagnetic field propagating in the whole of said defined space with sufficient amplitude to assure communication with all the tickets.
  19. Protocol according to any of claims 14 to 18 wherein said defined space is defined by a means of transport, characterised in that said step D only occurs once the means of transport starts to move after said entry has dosed.
  20. System for detecting the presence of individuals or objects provided with electronic tickets and intended for a detection application implementing a detection protocol according to any of the preceding claims, in a defined space having at least one entry, characterised in that it includes:
    - first means (22) for awakening all of said electronic tickets approaching said entry or passing through said entry and which are not already awakened;
    - second means (22) for determining the presence in an entry zone of the awakened electronic tickets, this entry zone being localised at least mostly in immediate proximity to said entry;
    - third means (32, 33, 34) for measuring at least one distance between each awakened electronic ticket which leaves said entry zone towards said defined space and means for measuring said at least one distance, these third measuring means being arranged so that this measurement is effected with sufficient precision to determine whether the ticket is situated inside said defined space.
  21. System according to claim 20, characterised in that said first means operate at a relatively low frequency, for example 125 KHz or approximately 13.5 MHz.
  22. System according to claim 20 or 21, characterised in that said second means indude at least a first transmitter (22) providing a first electromagnetic field with a predetermined power in said entry zone.
  23. System according to claim 22, characterised in that said at least first transmitter operates at a relatively low frequency, for example 125 KHz or approximately 13.5 MHz.
  24. System according to claim 22 or 23, characterised in that said first means are also formed by said at least first transmitter.
  25. System according to any of claims 20 to 24, characterised in that said third means are formed by a device having several measuring modules (32, 33, 34) localised spatially at different locations in said defined space.
  26. System according to any of claims 20 to 25, characterised in that said third measuring means are arranged above said entry with an electromagnetic shield on the side of the wall containing the entry so that said measuring means cannot communicate with the exterior of said defined space in the region of said entry.
  27. System according to any of claims 20 to 26, characterised in that it includes at least also a second transmitter (41, 42) operating at a relatively high frequency and being used to provide at least one item of data or an instruction to the awakened electronic tickets as soon as they are detected inside said defined space.
  28. System according to any of claims 20 to 27, characterised in that it includes communication means (41, 42, 44) which transmit an electromagnetic field at a relatively high frequency, this field propagating in the whole of said defined space with sufficient amplitude to assure communication with all the tickets detected inside said defined space.
  29. System according to any of claims 20 to 28, characterised in that said second and third means are connected to a central control unit (30) which establishes a list of the tickets having entered said entry zone.
  30. System according to any of claims 20 to 29, wherein said defined space has several entries, characterised in that each entry is fitted with said first, second and third means.
EP99123768A 1999-11-30 1999-11-30 Protocol for detecting the presence of an individual or an item within a confined space and detection system for carrying out such a protocol Expired - Lifetime EP1104919B1 (en)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT99123768T ATE316276T1 (en) 1999-11-30 1999-11-30 PROTOCOL FOR DETECTING THE PRESENCE OF AN INDIVIDUAL OR OBJECT IN A LIMITED SPACE AND SYSTEM FOR PERFORMING SUCH PROTOCOL
DE69929492T DE69929492T2 (en) 1999-11-30 1999-11-30 Protocol for detecting the presence of an individual or an object in a limited space and system for carrying out such a protocol
EP99123768A EP1104919B1 (en) 1999-11-30 1999-11-30 Protocol for detecting the presence of an individual or an item within a confined space and detection system for carrying out such a protocol
SG200006801A SG93285A1 (en) 1999-11-30 2000-11-22 Protocol for detecting the presence of individuals or objects in a defined space and detection system intended to implement such a protocol
CA002326921A CA2326921A1 (en) 1999-11-30 2000-11-28 Protocol for detecting the presence of individuals or objects in a defined space and detection system intended to implement such a protocol
JP2000364384A JP2001216545A (en) 1999-11-30 2000-11-30 Protocol for detecting existence of person or material in demarcated space and detection system for implementing it

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP99123768A EP1104919B1 (en) 1999-11-30 1999-11-30 Protocol for detecting the presence of an individual or an item within a confined space and detection system for carrying out such a protocol

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1104919A1 EP1104919A1 (en) 2001-06-06
EP1104919B1 true EP1104919B1 (en) 2006-01-18

Family

ID=8239497

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99123768A Expired - Lifetime EP1104919B1 (en) 1999-11-30 1999-11-30 Protocol for detecting the presence of an individual or an item within a confined space and detection system for carrying out such a protocol

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1104919B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2001216545A (en)
AT (1) ATE316276T1 (en)
CA (1) CA2326921A1 (en)
DE (1) DE69929492T2 (en)
SG (1) SG93285A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2016203056A1 (en) 2015-06-19 2016-12-22 Metrolab System for locating users inside an enclosed public space

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1286311A1 (en) * 2001-08-17 2003-02-26 Siemens Transit Telematic Systems AG Method and circuit arrangement for recognition and selection of wake-up signals
EP1419486A1 (en) * 2001-08-17 2004-05-19 Siemens Transit Telematic Systems AG Method and circuit arrangement for trigger telegram recognition and selection
EP2835786A1 (en) 2013-08-06 2015-02-11 Skidata Ag Method for the continuous detection of the presence of a person in a public transportation vehicle
ES2582177T3 (en) * 2013-08-06 2016-09-09 Skidata Ag System for customer media capture, which includes an RF transceiver in a public transport medium
DE102014226043A1 (en) * 2014-12-16 2016-06-16 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Arrangement and method for registering e-tickets
FR3070786B1 (en) * 2017-09-07 2019-09-13 Alstom Transport Technologies TRAVELER AND BAGGAGE MANAGEMENT DEVICE FOR A RAILWAY VEHICLE

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FR2627610B1 (en) * 1988-02-22 1991-04-05 Cga Hbs FEEDING SYSTEM FOR TRANSPORT USERS
JP2892111B2 (en) * 1990-06-29 1999-05-17 株式会社東芝 Portable recording medium processing system, portable recording medium, automatic ticket gate, and passing point transmitter
BE1003705A3 (en) * 1990-07-06 1992-05-26 Wallone Region Pricing system and proportional perception in transportation.
GB2267626A (en) * 1992-05-12 1993-12-08 Westinghouse Cubic Limited Ticket
US5477215A (en) * 1993-08-02 1995-12-19 At&T Corp. Arrangement for simultaneously interrogating a plurality of portable radio frequency communication devices
US5959568A (en) * 1996-06-26 1999-09-28 Par Goverment Systems Corporation Measuring distance

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2016203056A1 (en) 2015-06-19 2016-12-22 Metrolab System for locating users inside an enclosed public space

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69929492T2 (en) 2006-09-07
JP2001216545A (en) 2001-08-10
ATE316276T1 (en) 2006-02-15
SG93285A1 (en) 2002-12-17
EP1104919A1 (en) 2001-06-06
DE69929492D1 (en) 2006-04-06
CA2326921A1 (en) 2001-05-30

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