EP1092089A1 - Fuel injection valve and method for activating the same - Google Patents
Fuel injection valve and method for activating the sameInfo
- Publication number
- EP1092089A1 EP1092089A1 EP99964389A EP99964389A EP1092089A1 EP 1092089 A1 EP1092089 A1 EP 1092089A1 EP 99964389 A EP99964389 A EP 99964389A EP 99964389 A EP99964389 A EP 99964389A EP 1092089 A1 EP1092089 A1 EP 1092089A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- actuator
- valve
- fuel injection
- housing
- bearing element
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 12
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 title 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000036316 preload Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910001374 Invar Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000001072 colon Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010025 steaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013519 translation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
- F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
- F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
- F02M51/0603—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using piezoelectric or magnetostrictive operating means
Definitions
- the invention is based on: a fuel injection valve according to the preamble of claim 1 and a method for actuating a fuel injection valve according to the preamble of claim 10.
- a fuel injection valve for fuel injection systems of internal combustion engines in which a valve closing body, which cooperates with a valve seat surface to form a sealing seat, is actuated by an actuator by means of a valve needle.
- piezoelectric actuators have a negative coefficient of thermal expansion. This means that the piezoelectric actuator contracts with increasing temperature while the surrounding housing expands.
- the different coefficients of thermal expansion of the piezoelectric actuator on the one hand and of the housing on the other cause a temperature-dependent valve lift if this is not compensated for by suitable measures.
- the two piezo actuators are each housed in one housing.
- the second piezo actuator acts counter to the first piezo actuator on a cylinder arranged between the two piezo actuators.
- a stroke of the cylinder is achieved. If the temperature of the two actuators is increased, the thermal expansions of the two actuators are compensated for.
- a disadvantage of the temperature compensation known from this document is that to actuate a valve needle of the fuel injection valve, the valve needle must be connected to the cylinder mounted between the two actuators by means of a suitable connecting device. Additional components are required for this, which encompass at least one of the actuators, which increases the width of the fuel injection valve.
- the actuators are at a large distance from one another, so that if the first piezo actuator heats up due to operational reasons, the second actuator is unable to compensate for the thermal expansion of the first actuator. Even in long-term operation, there is only insufficient temperature compensation because of the temperature gradient then formed between the first piezo actuator and the second piezo actuator.
- the temperature of the two actuators is actively regulated by cooling or heating elements. In summary, this temperature compensation is complex and not suitable for practical use.
- valve housing and the actuator can have a different temperature.
- the piezoelectric actuator can heat up due to its heat loss, particularly when the fuel injector is actuated frequently, and its temperature can be transmitted to the valve housing only slowly.
- the temperature of the valve housing is influenced by the waste heat from the internal combustion engine on which the fuel injector is mounted. This type of temperature compensation is therefore unsatisfactory.
- a fuel injector for fuel injection systems of internal combustion engines is known from DE 195 19 192 Cl, in which an actuator acts on a valve needle via a hydraulic transmission system.
- the translation device has a primary piston, which has an inner recess in which a secondary piston is movably guided.
- the secondary piston is connected to a valve needle, which is sealingly and movably guided in the valve housing.
- a working space in the valve housing is filled with fuel, which is limited by primary pistons and secondary pistons.
- the piezo actuator bears against the primary piston. Since the volume of the working space filled with fuel must be retained, the secondary piston moves when the primary piston is displaced by the action of the piezo actuator.
- a disadvantage of this solution is that the action of the actuator is transmitted to the valve needle in a vaporized manner by the hydraulic temperature compensation, which increases the response time of the valve needle and the fuel injector cannot be used as a fast-switching fuel injector.
- the fuel injector has a significantly improved temperature compensation of the actuator. Furthermore, the fuel injector according to the invention can also be used as a fast-switching fuel injector. Further advantages are precise
- Fuel injector is designed to be low-wear and easy to construct.
- the bearing element bears against a projection formed in the valve housing additional components can be saved.
- the bearing element can rest against a protrusion formed on the valve housing via an elastically deformable support element. This favors a centered contact of the valve needle in the sealing seat.
- short pressure pulses acting on the valve needle can be absorbed, thereby reducing the load on the valve needle.
- At least one of the actuators is subjected to a greater preload by the bearing element, as a result of which, in the case of unactuated actuators, the valve needle is held against the sealing seat in the closed position with a force given by the preload difference. This eliminates the need for an additional compression spring to press the valve needle onto the sealing seat.
- the bearing element is advantageously fastened in the valve housing by means of a screw element, the pre-tension acting on at least one of the actuators being able to be set by the tightening torque of the screw element.
- the pressure force of the valve needle on the sealing seat or the opening force acting on the valve needle can be set in a defined manner in the case of unactuated actuators.
- This is particularly expedient in connection with the elastically deformable support element.
- the ratio of the preloads of the two actuators can also be set.
- the actuators are advantageously arranged in an elongated actuator housing, the actuator housing having at least one recess, which is elongated in the longitudinal direction of the actuator housing and is arranged laterally on the actuator housing and through which the bearing element protrudes, the bearing element of the recess being movable in the longitudinal direction of the actuator housing.
- the actuator housing allows the two actuators to be pretensioned, which has a favorable effect on the operational reliability of the fuel injection valve, since unfavorable tensile loads on the actuators can be avoided.
- the actuators can be preassembled in a favorable manner in the housing. Due to the elongated recess, the actuator housing is also guided through the bearing element in the valve housing.
- the actuator housing comprises an inflow-side housing plate, a sealing seat-side housing plate and a tubular housing wall which has the elongated recess, at least one of the actuators acting on the valve needle via at least one of the housing plates.
- the actuator arranged on one side of the bearing element advantageously experiences an expansion directed towards the bearing element, which compensates for an expansion of the actuator arranged on the other side of the bearing element that is generated at the same temperature change. This provides particularly good temperature compensation.
- the inventive method for actuating a fuel injection valve with the characterizing features of claim 10 has the advantage that the closing and opening of the sealing seat can be actively controlled in both directions without additional components being required.
- the valve needle is advantageously closed when the second electrical actuation voltage of the second actuator is switched off.
- the entire energy used to actuate the first actuator can be used to close the sealing seat, which simplifies the closing process.
- the sealing seat is opened up to a first opening cross section by switching off the first actuating voltage of the first actuator when the second actuating voltage of the second actuator is switched off, and the opening of the sealing seat to a second opening cross section is carried out by applying an electrical actuating voltage to the second actuator switched off first actuation voltage of the first actuator.
- Figure 1 is an axial section through an embodiment of a fuel injection valve according to the invention.
- FIG. 2 m an axial cross-sectional view of the actuator housing shown in FIG. 1 with two actuators and a bearing element n, the side view;
- FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the front view of FIG. 2,
- Fig. 4 is a section along the line IV-IV m Fig. 2;
- Fig. 5 em diagram for explaining the temperature compensation
- the fuel injection valve 1 shows an axial sectional view of a fuel injection valve 1 according to the invention.
- the fuel injection valve 1 is used in particular for the direct injection of fuel, in particular gasoline, in a combustion chamber of a mixture-compressing, spark-ignition internal combustion engine as a so-called benz indirect injection valve.
- the fuel injector 1 according to the invention is also suitable for other applications.
- the fuel injector 1 has a valve housing 2 which is connected on the inflow side to an end plate 3, the end plate 3 being shown in a simplified manner by a bore in the end plate 3 of the fuel outlet 4.
- valve seat body 5 At the absp ⁇ tz-side end of the fuel injection valve 1 is in the valve housing 2 e valve seat body 5, which has a valve seat surface 6.
- a valve needle 7 actuates a valve closing body 8 which, in this exemplary embodiment, is formed in one piece with the valve needle 7.
- the valve closing body 8 is frusto-conical and tapers in the abrading direction and interacts with the valve seat surface 6 of the valve seat body 5 to form a sealing seat.
- An internal thread 9 is formed in the interior of the valve housing 2, the screw element 10 being screwed in order to secure a bearing element 11 in the valve housing 2 against an elastically deformable support element 13 resting on a projection 12 of the valve housing 2.
- the two actuators 14 and 15 are designed in the form of a cylinder and are enclosed by a tubular housing wall 16.
- the first actuator 14 is located on the end facing away from the bearing element 11 on a sealing seat-side housing plate 17 which is connected to the tubular one Housing wall 16 is connected to.
- the second actuator 15 rests on its end face opposite the bearing element 11 on a supply-side housing plate 18 which is connected to the tubular housing wall 16.
- the tubular housing wall 16 has cutouts 19, 20 through which the bearing element 11 projects.
- the fuel is conducted starting from the fuel outlet 4 through, for example, a bore 21 m in the bearing element 11 m in the direction of the sealing seat.
- the piezoelectric or magnetostrictive second actuator 15 is acted upon by an electrical actuation voltage, as a result of which the second actuator 15 expands. Since the second actuator 15 is supported on its end face on the bearing element 11, the actuator housing 16, 17, 18 m is moved in the direction of the end plate 3, whereby the valve needle 7 lifts the valve closing body 8 out of the valve seat body 5 and the sealing seat is released.
- the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine e emerges from the fuel injection valve 1 m via the gap formed between the valve seat surface 6 of the valve seat body 5 and the valve closing body 8.
- the valve closing body 8 attached to the valve needle 7 is reset by the first actuator 14, the valve needle 7 being firmly connected to the housing plate 17.
- the first actuator 14 is supported on its end face facing the end plate 3 on the bearing element 11, as a result of which the actuator housing 16 - 18 is moved when the first actuator 14 is subjected to an electrical actuating voltage in the direction of the sealing seat and the valve seat body 8 on the valve seat surface 6 of the valve seat Valve seat body 5 is pressed, whereby the fuel injector 1 is closed.
- the valve needle 7 can also be reset via a spring element, in particular a compression spring, suitably fitted in the interior of the valve housing 2.
- the valve closing body 8 can also be reset by switching off the electrical actuating voltage of the actuator 15. For faster resetting, em Bear the impulse of the electrical actuation voltage at the actuator 14.
- the bearing element 11 has a circular area 22 and two end-sided, elongated areas 23, 24, which extend 180 ° counter-clockwise.
- the shape of the circular region 22 of the bearing element 11 is adapted to the cross section of the -oid actuators 14, 15, so that the actuators 14, 15 can be supported on the bearing element 11 in a particularly favorable manner. Since the actuators 14, 15 spread slightly when shortened in the axial direction radial direction, a space 25 is provided between the actuators 14, 15 and the tubular housing wall 16 e, which accommodates the radial expansion of the actuators 14, 15.
- the bearing element 11 is movably guided in the elongated region 23 of the bearing element 11 in a recess 20, and likewise the elongated region 24 of the bearing element 11 is guided in a recess 19.
- the invention is not restricted to the described exemplary embodiments.
- the actuators 14, 15, the bearing element 11 and the actuator housing 16-18 can be configured differently.
- the two actuators 14, 15 can be at least partially enclosed by the bearing element.
- FIG 5 shows the stroke of the valve needle 7 as a function of the stroke of the second actuator 15, the stroke of the second actuator 15 being temperature-compensated by the first actuator 14.
- the stroke ⁇ h of the two actuators 14, 15 and the valve needle 7 is plotted on the ordinate and the time on the abscissa.
- the first actuator 14 is switched off Actuating voltage exclusively for
- T ⁇ mp ⁇ ratur omp ⁇ nsation used.
- the actuation voltage of the second actuator 15 is switched on, as a result of which the second actuator 15 expands and, at time t 2, a maximum extent is seen. Since the second actuator 15 acts on the valve needle 7 without the interposition of steaming elements, the valve needle 7 follows the stroke of the second actuator 15 without delay.
- the actuation voltage of the second actuator 15 is reduced until it is completely switched off at time t 4 .
- the stroke of the valve needle 7 follows the stroke of the second actuator 15. If the temperature of the fuel injection valve 1 is now increased, then the first actuator 14 acts on the longitudinal expansion of the second actuator 15, which results in a vanishingly effective temperature stroke.
- the stroke characteristic of the temperature-stabilized actuator 15 is not shifted, so that the same valve needle stroke of the valve needle 7 results regardless of the temperature.
- valve needle lift ⁇ h of the valve needle 7 as a function of an actuation voltage U2 of the first actuator 14 and an actuation voltage Ul of the second actuator 15.
- the voltages U1, U2 and the valve needle lift ⁇ h are plotted on the ordinate and the time t on the abscissa.
- the operating voltage U2 of the first actuator 14 and the operating voltage U1 of the second actuator 15 are switched off by the time ti, as a result of which the valve needle 7 is in a rest position and opens the sealing seat up to a first opening cross section.
- the first actuator 14 is subjected to an electrical actuation voltage U2 at the time t 1, the first actuator 14 reaching a maximum stroke at the time t 2 and the sealing seat being closed.
- the sealing seat is reduced to d ⁇ m at the time t 3 by applying an electrical actuation voltage U1 to the second actuator 15 first opening cross-section, which occurs at time t 4 , opens. From the time t 5 , the actuation voltage U2 of the first actuator 14 is reduced, as a result of which the sealing seat opens further and, at the time tg, at which the actuation voltage U2 of the first actuator 14 is switched off, it reaches its second opening cross section.
- the actuation voltage U1 of the second actuator 15 is reduced, as a result of which the opening cross-section of the sealing seat is reduced, and at time tg, at which the two actuation voltages U1, U2 of the two actuators 14, 15 are switched off, the first opening cross-section is again.
- the two-stage design of the valve stroke permits a variation of the metering quantities.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19918976A DE19918976A1 (en) | 1999-04-27 | 1999-04-27 | Fuel injector and method for actuating it |
DE19918976 | 1999-04-27 | ||
PCT/DE1999/003867 WO2000065224A1 (en) | 1999-04-27 | 1999-12-02 | Fuel injection valve and method for activating the same |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1092089A1 true EP1092089A1 (en) | 2001-04-18 |
EP1092089B1 EP1092089B1 (en) | 2004-11-03 |
Family
ID=7905935
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP99964389A Expired - Lifetime EP1092089B1 (en) | 1999-04-27 | 1999-12-02 | Fuel injection valve and method for activating the same |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6749126B1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1092089B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP4469507B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR20010053148A (en) |
DE (2) | DE19918976A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2000065224A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10129375B4 (en) * | 2001-06-20 | 2005-10-06 | Mtu Friedrichshafen Gmbh | Injector with piezo actuator |
DE10159748B4 (en) * | 2001-12-05 | 2014-11-13 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Fuel injector |
DE10162250A1 (en) | 2001-12-18 | 2003-07-03 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Fuel injector |
DE10233906A1 (en) | 2002-07-25 | 2004-02-19 | Siemens Ag | Fuel injector module, for an IC motor, has a compensation unit linked to the actuator, within a sleeve with heat conductivity in contact with it and the housing to compensate for the housing change through thermal expansion |
DE102004030329A1 (en) * | 2004-06-23 | 2006-01-12 | Daimlerchrysler Ag | Injector |
DE102005037267A1 (en) * | 2005-08-08 | 2007-02-15 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Fuel injector |
DE102005041210A1 (en) * | 2005-08-31 | 2007-03-01 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Shape-memory element device for a fuel injection valve applies a controllable magnetic field towards magnetic field lines so as to operate a contraction and an expansion crosswise to these lines |
DE102009014494A1 (en) * | 2009-03-23 | 2010-10-07 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Method for operating piezoelectric multi-layered stack as e.g. piezoelectric multi-layered actuator, in low-temperature injector, involves regulating internal temperature of piezoelectric stack to desired value within tolerance range |
DE102009024596A1 (en) | 2009-06-10 | 2011-04-07 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Injection valve with transmission unit |
DE102009024595A1 (en) * | 2009-06-10 | 2011-03-24 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Injection valve with transmission unit |
US20130068200A1 (en) * | 2011-09-15 | 2013-03-21 | Paul Reynolds | Injector Valve with Miniscule Actuator Displacement |
EP2771968B1 (en) * | 2011-10-25 | 2017-12-13 | Robert Bosch GmbH | Actuating device |
DE102012109123A1 (en) | 2012-09-27 | 2014-03-27 | Vermes Microdispensing GmbH | Dosing system, dosing process and manufacturing process |
DE102015119816B4 (en) * | 2015-11-17 | 2019-07-25 | V.I.E. Systems GmbH | Piezo actuator with several piezo elements |
JP6623846B2 (en) * | 2016-03-03 | 2019-12-25 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | Fluid ejection device |
JP6707907B2 (en) * | 2016-03-03 | 2020-06-10 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | Fluid ejection device |
DE102018001048A1 (en) * | 2018-02-09 | 2019-08-14 | Atlas Copco Ias Gmbh | metering valve |
Family Cites Families (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1751543A1 (en) | 1968-06-15 | 1970-08-27 | Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag | Electrically controllable injection valve |
IT1156079B (en) | 1982-07-15 | 1987-01-28 | Fiat Ricerche | INTERCEPTING DEVICE OF A FLUID |
DE3533975A1 (en) * | 1985-09-24 | 1987-03-26 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | METERING VALVE FOR DOSING LIQUIDS OR GASES |
JPS62191662A (en) * | 1986-02-18 | 1987-08-22 | Mikuni Kogyo Co Ltd | Fuel injection valve |
JPH06343273A (en) * | 1993-05-31 | 1994-12-13 | Aisin Seiki Co Ltd | Piezoelectric actuator |
JPH08165967A (en) * | 1994-12-13 | 1996-06-25 | Aisin Seiki Co Ltd | Fuel injection device |
DE19538791C2 (en) | 1995-10-18 | 1998-04-09 | Daimler Benz Ag | Piezo control valve for fuel injection systems of internal combustion engines |
DE19624006A1 (en) * | 1996-06-15 | 1997-12-18 | Mtu Friedrichshafen Gmbh | Piezoelectric fuel injector especially for diesel engine |
DE19712923A1 (en) * | 1997-03-27 | 1998-10-01 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Piezoelectric actuator |
DE19743299C2 (en) * | 1997-09-30 | 1999-11-18 | Siemens Ag | Device for controlling an actuator |
US6400066B1 (en) * | 2000-06-30 | 2002-06-04 | Siemens Automotive Corporation | Electronic compensator for a piezoelectric actuator |
-
1999
- 1999-04-27 DE DE19918976A patent/DE19918976A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1999-12-02 KR KR1020007014705A patent/KR20010053148A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1999-12-02 US US09/720,506 patent/US6749126B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-12-02 EP EP99964389A patent/EP1092089B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-12-02 WO PCT/DE1999/003867 patent/WO2000065224A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1999-12-02 JP JP2000613943A patent/JP4469507B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-12-02 DE DE59911001T patent/DE59911001D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO0065224A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2000065224A1 (en) | 2000-11-02 |
US6749126B1 (en) | 2004-06-15 |
DE19918976A1 (en) | 2000-11-02 |
KR20010053148A (en) | 2001-06-25 |
JP4469507B2 (en) | 2010-05-26 |
DE59911001D1 (en) | 2004-12-09 |
EP1092089B1 (en) | 2004-11-03 |
JP2002543329A (en) | 2002-12-17 |
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