EP1083106A1 - Vehicle for measuring the geometric condition of a railway track - Google Patents

Vehicle for measuring the geometric condition of a railway track Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1083106A1
EP1083106A1 EP00810805A EP00810805A EP1083106A1 EP 1083106 A1 EP1083106 A1 EP 1083106A1 EP 00810805 A EP00810805 A EP 00810805A EP 00810805 A EP00810805 A EP 00810805A EP 1083106 A1 EP1083106 A1 EP 1083106A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
chassis
track
vehicle
fact
vehicle according
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Granted
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EP00810805A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1083106B1 (en
Inventor
Jörg Ganz
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Matisa Materiel Industriel SA
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Matisa Materiel Industriel SA
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61K—AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR RAILWAYS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B61K9/00—Railway vehicle profile gauges; Detecting or indicating overheating of components; Apparatus on locomotives or cars to indicate bad track sections; General design of track recording vehicles
    • B61K9/08—Measuring installations for surveying permanent way

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a vehicle for measuring the geometrical state of a railroad compared to the theoretical geometric configuration of said track, comprising a rigid frame constituting the base of measurement supported by rolling means on the rails of the railway, means arranged for note the geometrical configuration of the track, and operating resources to determine the degradation of the geometric configuration noted in relation to the theoretical geometric configuration and indicate the any discrepancies representing said degradation.
  • the present invention falls into the latter category, namely we offer a measurement vehicle whose chassis constitutes the so-called reference base relative. Measurements relative to this relative base can be done in different ways that don't are not the subject of the present invention, but by the next we will talk about two different means, namely the use of three measuring trolleys integral with this reference base which is the chassis and, the second by means of a so-called inertia platform and two measuring trolleys for measuring the deviation in a vertical plane and in a plane horizontal between the two measurement points corresponding to the two measuring trolleys.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a measuring vehicle, the base of which is the chassis of said vehicle making it possible to eliminate the influence of deformations of said chassis, in particular when it is a particularly long chassis.
  • the vehicle according to the invention is characterized by the fact that the chassis is provided with means optoelectronics arranged to measure deformations chassis elastic when moving on said vehicle track, said deformation values of the chassis being supplied to the operating resources for correct the geometrical configuration values noted.
  • the advantage of the vehicle according to the present invention is the fact that any chassis deformation due to track irregularities and also to deformations inherent in the size of the chassis are measured and supplied to the operating resources for ability to correct measurements taken against frame.
  • the means optoelectronics include a receiving device optics formed by sensors each provided with several photosensitive elements for receiving beams light emitted by light sources located near distance from the receiving measuring device of each side of it, two lens systems arranged in the area between the light sources of two sides of the receiving device, each source light being associated with at least one of the sensors receiving the light beams emitted by the source corresponding light and passing through the matching lenses, the two lens systems being made up of a fixed lens whose axes optics are aligned and that the elements photosensitive from each sensor are aligned in such a way way that the light rays passing through the lens concerned are projected according to their angle of incidence on a corresponding area of the sensor, the device and the light sources being integral with said chassis.
  • Optoelectronic means are those described in patent EP-B-0.518 822 of the Applicant, device which was originally intended for measure the deformations of the railway. These means are now used to measure only the chassis deformations and are arranged so fixed, i.e. the light sources at both chassis ends while the optical receiver towards the middle of the chassis.
  • the track raising device includes three carriages track gauges to detect the geometric coordinates of the track at three points by relative to the chassis (9) in the layout plane and in the profile plan.
  • These means are arranged in principle to the vertical, on the one hand, of the light sources and, on the other hand, from the receiving device.
  • These devices measure the position of three points relative to the chassis, said position being corrected by the possible deformation of the chassis noted by the optoelectronic device so the actual position of these three points is known.
  • the probes are either mechanical (wheels) or electronic devices, either optical.
  • the vehicle is fitted with two track trolleys to raise the geometric position of the track at two points by relation to the chassis and a reference platform three-dimensional absolute called inertial, said platform being arranged to pick up the difference vector between the chassis and the North and between the chassis and the horizontal plane thus allowing determine the curvatures of the track in the plane horizontal and vertical as well as the superelevation.
  • inertial three-dimensional absolute
  • the platform inertial is provided in three accelerometer planes, gyroscopes and signal processing means to determine particular track faults.
  • said platform is secured to a point on the chassis, preferably a point common to the chassis and one of the feeler trolleys.
  • the platform inertial is integral with the undercarriage of the feeler carriage or its structure and a means of signal processing to determine faults in the geometry of the track.
  • the position of said platform relative to the chassis is measured each time by sensors, with which it is equipped which means that this platform can be integral with a device independent of the chassis.
  • Said platform can be equipped in all three measurement plans for accelerometers and gyroscopes and signal processing means for determining very specific faults in the track.
  • the inertia platform can be carried out either by mechanical means or by optoelectronic means. These platforms have been used for a long time in aviation to determine the position of an aircraft and also in other circumstances in mainly aeronautical applications but not only.
  • measurement bases can be used for the track survey, the purpose of the present invention being to provide a vehicle whose possible deformations of the chassis during its rail travel can be measured so that they don't spoil the results measuring the actual position of the track and incidentally to propose a measurement base using the performance of an inertial platform.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view of the device optoelectronics proposed for the measurement of chassis deformations as described in Patent EP-B-0 518 822 of the applicant.
  • Figure 2 shows a measurement vehicle
  • Figure 3 shows a schematic plan view and cut along the chassis of said measurement vehicle.
  • Figures 4, 5 and 6 schematically show a variant of the present invention using an inertial platform.
  • Two sensor strips 4, 5 are arranged in the middle of the optical axis formed by two lenses 1, 2 of semi-circular section. These bands are arranged such that depending on the position of the sources respective light beams, concentrated light rays by the lenses are projected as an end light beam along the sensor strips.
  • a light source A located on the axis optical 3 is projected at location A 'of the strip of sensors 5.
  • a light source B arranged at the outside of the optical axis is respectively projected onto point B 'of the sensor strip 5.
  • the distance between the point projected on the strip of sensors and the point of the optical axis on the strip of sensors is a measure of the angle ⁇ of the source light relative to the optical axis at this point.
  • a glass filter colored 6 and polarizing filters 7, 8 are arranged in front of lens 2. You can get through them that only light from a specific light source can reach the sensor bands and that a signal well defined can be produced.
  • CCD Charge Coupled Device
  • the two polarizing filters By arranging the two polarizing filters so that they are oriented 90 ° to each other, a large part of the incident light is absorbed. In the case where only very powerful light sources are used, only a very small part of these light rays can reach the sensors and all other foreign light sources are filtered.
  • the angles of one or multiple light sources on each side of the measuring device with respect to the optical axis can be determined and analyzed.
  • a measurement vehicle V is provided with a chassis 9, three bogies 10, 11, 12 and three feeler trolleys 13, 14, 15 for measuring and tracing a formed track rails R with respect to the base which is constituted by the chassis 9.
  • the feeler trolleys 13, 14, 15, in the case in point, are carts fitted with rolling wheels on the way but we could very well have electronic carts with devices electronic or optical to measure any deformations of the track with respect to base 9.
  • the chassis 9 is fitted with an optoelectronic device derived from the one briefly described in relation to the Figure 1 which is the subject of patent EP 0 518 822.
  • FIG 4 we schematically represent a chassis 19 fitted with two bogies 20, 21 and feelers track 22, 23 to measure the position of two points a track formed by rails R 'relative to the chassis 19.
  • an inertial platform P shown schematically, which in the present case is fixed on the chassis 19.
  • the device optoelectronics previously mentioned formed of a N 'lens system and L'1 light sources, L'2, L'3, L'4 is also used to power measure the deformation of the chassis 19, the measurement base being formed by two feelers 22, 23 and the platform of inertia.
  • the inertia platform measures another angle ⁇ 'which is not due to a deformation of the track, but has a sag on the bogie 21 of the chassis.
  • This sagging will be corrected by the fact that the distance between the chassis and the bogie is not the same concerning the two bogies which allows to obtain a correct measurement because the two results will be compensated in the electronic computing device that holds always counts any distortions as well of the chassis raised by the device N ', L'1, L'2, L'3, L'4, by the measurements carried out on the track layout by feelers 22 and 23 and by elements detected by the inertia platform P at know the vector difference between the position of the chassis and magnetic North.
  • the platform of inertia not only measures the angle in a plane perpendicular to the track but also well in a horizontal plane which completes the measurement concerning track bends and also overhangs.
  • the measures can also be performed using the system of position measurement by satellites known as the GPS designation.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Machines For Laying And Maintaining Railways (AREA)
  • Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
  • Length Measuring Devices With Unspecified Measuring Means (AREA)

Abstract

The gauging vehicle for railways (V) has a rigid chassis forming the measuring base, supported on bogies (10-12). The chassis has opto-electronic sensors to measure the elastic deformations of the chassis (9) during their movement along the rails. The chassis deformation values are fed to controls for correcting the revised geometric configuration.

Description

La présente invention concerne un véhicule de mesure de l'état géométrique d'une voie ferrée par rapport à la configuration géométrique théorique de ladite voie, comprenant un châssis rigide constituant la base de mesure supporté par des moyens de roulement sur les rails de la voie ferrée, des moyens agencés pour relever la configuration géométrique de la voie, et des moyens d'exploitation pour déterminer la dégradation de la configuration géométrique relevée par rapport à la configuration géométrique théorique et indiquer les éventuels écarts représentant ladite dégradation.The present invention relates to a vehicle for measuring the geometrical state of a railroad compared to the theoretical geometric configuration of said track, comprising a rigid frame constituting the base of measurement supported by rolling means on the rails of the railway, means arranged for note the geometrical configuration of the track, and operating resources to determine the degradation of the geometric configuration noted in relation to the theoretical geometric configuration and indicate the any discrepancies representing said degradation.

Il existe différents procédés et moyens de mesure dans lesquels les écarts de position d'un point de la voie par rapport à son tracé théorique sont détectés par des dispositifs appropriés appelés communément bases de référence prenant, souvent, appui sur la voie et matérialisant le tracé désiré. Ces procédés peuvent se ranger dans deux types de catégorie principaux, à savoir les bases de référence dites absolues permettant de déterminer les positions successives d'un point mobile parcourant la voie par rapport à une référence fixe, et les bases de référence dites relatives permettant de déterminer les positions successives d'un point parcourant la voie non plus par rapport à une référence fixe, mais par rapport à une référence mobile définie par un nombre suffisant de points maintenus à des distances constantes l'un de l'autre que l'on déplace tout le long de la voie.There are different methods and means of measurement in which position deviations from a point in the track with respect to its theoretical layout are detected by suitable devices commonly called bases of reference often taking support on the way and materializing the desired route. These processes can be fall into two main types of category, know the so-called absolute reference bases allowing to determine the successive positions of a point moving along the track in relation to a reference fixed, and the so-called relative reference bases to determine the successive positions of a point crossing the track either compared to a fixed reference, but compared to a mobile reference defined by a sufficient number of points kept at constant distances from each other that we moves all along the way.

La présente invention tombe dans cette dernière catégorie, à savoir on propose un véhicule de mesure dont le châssis constitue la base de référence dite relative. Les mesures par rapport à cette base relative peuvent être effectuées de différentes manières qui ne font pas l'objet de la présente invention, mais par la suite on parlera de deux moyens différents, à savoir l'utilisation de trois chariots de mesure solidaires de cette base de référence qui est le châssis et, le deuxième au moyen d'une plate-forme dite d'inertie et deux chariots de mesure permettant de mesurer la déviation dans un plan vertical et dans un plan horizontal entre les deux points de mesure correspondant aux deux chariots de mesure.The present invention falls into the latter category, namely we offer a measurement vehicle whose chassis constitutes the so-called reference base relative. Measurements relative to this relative base can be done in different ways that don't are not the subject of the present invention, but by the next we will talk about two different means, namely the use of three measuring trolleys integral with this reference base which is the chassis and, the second by means of a so-called inertia platform and two measuring trolleys for measuring the deviation in a vertical plane and in a plane horizontal between the two measurement points corresponding to the two measuring trolleys.

Le fait que les trains, notamment les trains de voyageurs circulent à des vitesses de plus en plus grandes, rend indispensable lors des mesures de voie de pouvoir détecter aussi bien les déformations ondulatoires de la voie ayant aussi bien une petite qu'une grande longueur d'onde. La qualité de mesure en utilisant une base fixe, qui est le châssis du véhicule, est liée à la rigidité du châssis. Il est, néanmoins, évident qu'un châssis ayant une longueur d'une dizaine de mètres peut difficilement être considéré comme absolument rigide à moins de prévoir une structure extrêmement lourde. Si l'on veut détecter avec précision les ondes de déformation présentant une grande longueur d'onde, il est nécessaire de construire des véhicules avec des châssis encore plus longs, de l'ordre d'une vingtaine de mètres et dans ce cas il est pratiquement impossible de fabriquer sans une construction extrêmement lourde de châssis rigides, c'est-à-dire ne subissant aucune déformation élastique lors de leur déplacement sur une voie ferrée. Les mesures se faisant par rapport au châssis de la machine, il est évident que les éventuelles déformations du châssis peuvent influencer les résultats de mesure soit en augmentant, soit en diminuant les valeurs réelles.The fact that the trains, especially the travelers travel at increasing speeds large, makes it essential when measuring track ability to detect deformation as well track waveforms as well having a small that a great wavelength. The measurement quality in using a fixed base, which is the chassis of the vehicle, is related to the rigidity of the chassis. It is, nevertheless, obvious that a chassis having a length of ten meters can hardly be considered absolutely rigid unless you plan an extremely heavy structure. If we want to detect with precision the deformation waves having a long wavelength it is necessary to build vehicles with even longer chassis, the order of twenty meters and in this case it is practically impossible to manufacture without a extremely heavy construction of rigid chassis, i.e. not undergoing any elastic deformation when moving on a railroad track. The measurements being made with respect to the chassis of the machine, it is obvious that the possible chassis deformations can influence measurement results either by increasing or by decreasing the actual values.

La présente invention a pour but de proposer un véhicule de mesure dont la base est constituée par le châssis dudit véhicule permettant d'éliminer l'influence de déformations dudit châssis, notamment lorsqu'il s'agit d'un châssis particulièrement long.The object of the present invention is to provide a measuring vehicle, the base of which is the chassis of said vehicle making it possible to eliminate the influence of deformations of said chassis, in particular when it is a particularly long chassis.

Le véhicule selon l'invention est caractérisé par le fait que le châssis est muni de moyens optoélectroniques agencés pour mesurer les déformations élastiques du châssis lors du déplacement sur ladite voie du véhicule, lesdites valeurs de déformation du châssis étant fournies aux moyens d'exploitation pour corriger les valeurs de la configuration géométrique relevée.The vehicle according to the invention is characterized by the fact that the chassis is provided with means optoelectronics arranged to measure deformations chassis elastic when moving on said vehicle track, said deformation values of the chassis being supplied to the operating resources for correct the geometrical configuration values noted.

L'avantage du véhicule selon la présente invention est le fait que les éventuelles déformations du châssis dues aux irrégularités de la voie et également aux déformations inhérentes à la grandeur du châssis sont mesurées et fournies aux moyens d'exploitation pour pouvoir corriger les mesures relevées par rapport au châssis.The advantage of the vehicle according to the present invention is the fact that any chassis deformation due to track irregularities and also to deformations inherent in the size of the chassis are measured and supplied to the operating resources for ability to correct measurements taken against frame.

Selon une variante préférée de l'invention, les moyens optoélectroniques comprennent un dispositif récepteur optique formé de capteurs munis chacun de plusieurs éléments photosensibles pour la réception de faisceaux lumineux émis par des sources lumineuses se trouvant à distance du dispositif récepteur de mesure de chaque côté de celui-ci, deux systèmes de lentilles disposés dans la zone située entre les sources lumineuses des deux côtés du dispositif récepteur, chaque source lumineuse étant associée à au moins un des capteurs recevant les faisceaux lumineux émis par la source lumineuse correspondante et traversant le système de lentilles correspondant, les deux systèmes de lentilles étant constitués d'une lentille fixe dont les axes optiques sont alignés et que les éléments photosensibles de chaque capteur sont alignés de telle façon que les rayons lumineux passant à travers la lentille concernée soient projetés en fonction de leur angle d'incidence sur une zone correspondante du capteur, le dispositif et les sources lumineuses étant solidaires dudit châssis. Les moyens optoélectroniques sont ceux décrits dans le brevet EP-B-0.518 822 de la déposante, dispositif qui a été prévu à l'origine pour mesurer les déformations de la voie ferrée. Ces moyens sont maintenant utilisés pour mesurer uniquement les déformations du châssis et sont disposés de manière fixe, à savoir les sources lumineuses aux deux extrémités du châssis, tandis que le récepteur optique vers le milieu du châssis.According to a preferred variant of the invention, the means optoelectronics include a receiving device optics formed by sensors each provided with several photosensitive elements for receiving beams light emitted by light sources located near distance from the receiving measuring device of each side of it, two lens systems arranged in the area between the light sources of two sides of the receiving device, each source light being associated with at least one of the sensors receiving the light beams emitted by the source corresponding light and passing through the matching lenses, the two lens systems being made up of a fixed lens whose axes optics are aligned and that the elements photosensitive from each sensor are aligned in such a way way that the light rays passing through the lens concerned are projected according to their angle of incidence on a corresponding area of the sensor, the device and the light sources being integral with said chassis. Optoelectronic means are those described in patent EP-B-0.518 822 of the Applicant, device which was originally intended for measure the deformations of the railway. These means are now used to measure only the chassis deformations and are arranged so fixed, i.e. the light sources at both chassis ends while the optical receiver towards the middle of the chassis.

Selon une variante d'exécution de l'invention, le dispositif de relevé de la voie comprend trois chariots palpeurs de la voie ferrée permettant de relever les coordonnées géométriques de la voie en trois points par rapport au châssis (9) dans le plan du tracé et dans le plan du profil. Ces moyens sont disposés en principe à la verticale, d'une part, des sources lumineuses et, d'autre part, du dispositif récepteur. Ces dispositifs mesurent la position de trois points par rapport au châssis, ladite position étant corrigée par l'éventuelle déformation du châssis relevée par le dispositif optoélectronique ainsi la position réelle de ces trois points est connue. Les palpeurs sont des dispositifs soit mécanique (roues), soit électroniques, soit optiques.According to an alternative embodiment of the invention, the track raising device includes three carriages track gauges to detect the geometric coordinates of the track at three points by relative to the chassis (9) in the layout plane and in the profile plan. These means are arranged in principle to the vertical, on the one hand, of the light sources and, on the other hand, from the receiving device. These devices measure the position of three points relative to the chassis, said position being corrected by the possible deformation of the chassis noted by the optoelectronic device so the actual position of these three points is known. The probes are either mechanical (wheels) or electronic devices, either optical.

Selon une autre variante d'exécution, le véhicule est muni de deux chariots palpeurs de voie pour relever la position géométrique de la voie en deux points par rapport au châssis et d'une plate-forme de référence absolue tridimensionnelle dite inertielle, ladite plate-forme étant agencée pour relever la différence vectorielle entre le châssis et le Nord et entre le châssis et le plan horizontal permettant ainsi de déterminer les courbures de la voie dans le plan horizontal et vertical ainsi que les dévers.According to another variant, the vehicle is fitted with two track trolleys to raise the geometric position of the track at two points by relation to the chassis and a reference platform three-dimensional absolute called inertial, said platform being arranged to pick up the difference vector between the chassis and the North and between the chassis and the horizontal plane thus allowing determine the curvatures of the track in the plane horizontal and vertical as well as the superelevation.

Selon une autre variante d'exécution, la plate-forme inertielle est munie dans trois plans d'accéléromètres, de gyroscopes et de moyens de traitement des signaux pour déterminer des défauts de voie particuliers.According to another variant, the platform inertial is provided in three accelerometer planes, gyroscopes and signal processing means to determine particular track faults.

Selon une variante d'exécution, ladite plate-forme est solidaire d'un point du châssis, de préférence un point commun au châssis et un des chariots palpeur. According to an alternative embodiment, said platform is secured to a point on the chassis, preferably a point common to the chassis and one of the feeler trolleys.

Selon une autre variante d'exécution, la plate-forme inertielle est solidaire du train de roulement du chariot palpeur ou de sa structure et d'un moyen de traitement des signaux pour déterminer les défauts de la géométrie de la voie.According to another variant, the platform inertial is integral with the undercarriage of the feeler carriage or its structure and a means of signal processing to determine faults in the geometry of the track.

Selon une autre variante, la position de ladite plate-forme par rapport au châssis est mesurée chaque fois par des capteurs, dont elle est munie ce qui signifie que cette plate-forme peut être solidaire d'un dispositif indépendant du châssis.According to another variant, the position of said platform relative to the chassis is measured each time by sensors, with which it is equipped which means that this platform can be integral with a device independent of the chassis.

Ladite plate-forme peut être équipée dans les trois plans de mesure d'accéléromètres et de gyroscopes et des moyens de traitement des signaux pour déterminer des défauts très particuliers de la voie.Said platform can be equipped in all three measurement plans for accelerometers and gyroscopes and signal processing means for determining very specific faults in the track.

Selon une autre variante, la plate-forme d'inertie peut être réalisée soit par des moyens mécaniques, soit par des moyens optoélectroniques. Ces plates-formes d'inertie sont utilisées depuis longtemps dans l'aviation pour déterminer la position d'un aéronef et également dans d'autres circonstances dans des applications surtout aéronautiques mais pas uniquement.According to another variant, the inertia platform can be carried out either by mechanical means or by optoelectronic means. These platforms have been used for a long time in aviation to determine the position of an aircraft and also in other circumstances in mainly aeronautical applications but not only.

Il est évident que d'autres bases de mesure peuvent être utilisées pour le relevé de la voie, le but de la présente invention étant de prévoir un véhicule dont les déformations éventuelles du châssis lors de son déplacement sur la voie ferrée puissent être mesurées afin qu'elles n'entachent pas d'erreurs les résultats de mesure de la position réelle de la voie et accessoirement de proposer une base de mesure utilisant les performances d'une plate-forme inertielle.It is obvious that other measurement bases can be used for the track survey, the purpose of the present invention being to provide a vehicle whose possible deformations of the chassis during its rail travel can be measured so that they don't spoil the results measuring the actual position of the track and incidentally to propose a measurement base using the performance of an inertial platform.

L'invention sera décrite plus en détail à l'aide du dessin annexé dans lequel :The invention will be described in more detail using the attached drawing in which:

la figure 1 est une vue schématique du dispositif optoélectronique proposé pour la mesure des déformations du châssis telle que décrite dans le brevet EP-B-0 518 822 de la déposante.Figure 1 is a schematic view of the device optoelectronics proposed for the measurement of chassis deformations as described in Patent EP-B-0 518 822 of the applicant.

La figure 2 montre un véhicule de mesure.Figure 2 shows a measurement vehicle.

La figure 3 montre une vue schématique en plan et en coupe le long du châssis dudit véhicule de mesure.Figure 3 shows a schematic plan view and cut along the chassis of said measurement vehicle.

Les figures 4, 5 et 6 montrent schématiquement une variante d'exécution de la présente invention utilisant une plate-forme inertielle.Figures 4, 5 and 6 schematically show a variant of the present invention using an inertial platform.

Nous allons maintenant décrire brièvement le dispositif optoélectronique du EP-B-0 518 822.We will now briefly describe the device optoelectronics from EP-B-0 518 822.

Deux bandes de capteurs 4, 5 sont disposées au milieu de l'axe optique formé par deux lentilles 1, 2 de section semi-circulaire. Ces bandes sont disposées de telle façon que selon la position des sources lumineuses respectives, les rayons lumineux concentrés par les lentilles sont projetés en tant que fin faisceau lumineux le long des bandes de capteurs. Dans l'exemple, une source lumineuse A située sur l'axe optique 3 est projetée à l'emplacement A' de la bande de capteurs 5. Une source lumineuse B disposée à l'extérieur de l'axe optique est respectivement projetée sur le point B' de la bande de capteurs 5. La distance entre le point projeté sur la bande de capteurs et le point de l'axe optique sur la bande de capteurs est une mesure de l'angle β de la source lumineuse par rapport à l'axe optique en ce point. Pour filtrer la lumière parasitaire, un filtre en verre coloré 6 et des filtres polariseurs 7, 8 sont disposés devant la lentille 2. On peut obtenir grâce à ceux-ci que seule la lumière d'une source lumineuse déterminée peut atteindre les bandes de capteurs et qu'un signal bien défini peut être produit. En particulier, lors de l'utilisation de capteurs CCD (Charge Coupled Device), seule une quantité relativement petite de lumière doit pouvoir atteindre les capteurs. En disposant les deux filtres polariseurs de manière à ce qu'ils soient orientés de 90° l'un par rapport à l'autre, une grande partie de la lumière incidente est absorbée. Dans le cas où seules des sources lumineuses très puissantes sont utilisées, seule une très faible partie de ces rayons lumineux peut atteindre les capteurs et toutes les autres sources lumineuses étrangères sont filtrées. En disposant une lentille et une bande de capteurs de chaque côté de l'axe optique, les angles d'une ou plusieurs sources lumineuses de chaque côté du dispositif de mesure par rapport à l'axe optique peuvent être déterminés et analysés.Two sensor strips 4, 5 are arranged in the middle of the optical axis formed by two lenses 1, 2 of semi-circular section. These bands are arranged such that depending on the position of the sources respective light beams, concentrated light rays by the lenses are projected as an end light beam along the sensor strips. In the example, a light source A located on the axis optical 3 is projected at location A 'of the strip of sensors 5. A light source B arranged at the outside of the optical axis is respectively projected onto point B 'of the sensor strip 5. The distance between the point projected on the strip of sensors and the point of the optical axis on the strip of sensors is a measure of the angle β of the source light relative to the optical axis at this point. For filter parasitic light, a glass filter colored 6 and polarizing filters 7, 8 are arranged in front of lens 2. You can get through them that only light from a specific light source can reach the sensor bands and that a signal well defined can be produced. In particular, when the use of CCD (Charge Coupled Device) sensors, only a relatively small amount of light needs to be able to reach the sensors. By arranging the two polarizing filters so that they are oriented 90 ° to each other, a large part of the incident light is absorbed. In the case where only very powerful light sources are used, only a very small part of these light rays can reach the sensors and all other foreign light sources are filtered. By having a lens and a strip of sensors each side of the optical axis, the angles of one or multiple light sources on each side of the measuring device with respect to the optical axis can be determined and analyzed.

En se référant maintenant aux figures 2 et 3, nous allons décrire l'une des variantes d'exécution de cette invention représentée de manière tout à fait schématique.Referring now to Figures 2 and 3, we let's describe one of the execution variants of this invention fully represented schematic.

Un véhicule de mesure V est muni d'un châssis 9, trois boggies 10, 11, 12 et trois chariots palpeurs 13, 14, 15 permettant de mesurer et le tracé d'une voie formée de rails R par rapport à la base qui est constituée par le châssis 9. Les chariots palpeurs 13, 14, 15, dans le cas présent, sont des chariots munis de roues roulant sur la voie mais on pourrait très bien avoir des chariots électroniques avec des dispositifs électroniques ou optiques pour mesurer les éventuelles déformations de la voie par rapport à la base 9. Le châssis 9 est muni d'un dispositif optoélectronique dérivé de celui décrit brièvement par rapport à la figure 1 qui fait l'objet du brevet EP 0 518 822. En effet, dans les plans verticaux contenant les chariots palpeurs 13, 14, 15 on a disposé respectivement quatre sources lumineuses, L1, L2, L3, L4 envoyant leurs faisceaux vers un dispositif N qui est en réalité un ensemble de lentilles correspondant aux références 4, 5 de la figure 1. Dans le cas présent, ce dispositif N permet de mesurer la déviation de faisceaux lumineux par rapport à la position idéale, c'est-à-dire lorsque le châssis n'est pas du tout déformé, aussi bien dans un plan vertical que dans un plan horizontal. De cette manière on peut connaítre l'éventuelle déformation du châssis et ces mesures viennent corriger les mesures des trois chariots 13, 14, 15 pour obtenir la mesure du tracé de la voie réelle et les comparer ensuite par rapport au tracé idéal. Ainsi, on peut utiliser un châssis 9 qui est particulièrement long ce qui permet de pouvoir également mesurer les déformations présentant une grande longueur d'onde sans que les mesures soient erronées à cause de la déformation du châssis.A measurement vehicle V is provided with a chassis 9, three bogies 10, 11, 12 and three feeler trolleys 13, 14, 15 for measuring and tracing a formed track rails R with respect to the base which is constituted by the chassis 9. The feeler trolleys 13, 14, 15, in the case in point, are carts fitted with rolling wheels on the way but we could very well have electronic carts with devices electronic or optical to measure any deformations of the track with respect to base 9. The chassis 9 is fitted with an optoelectronic device derived from the one briefly described in relation to the Figure 1 which is the subject of patent EP 0 518 822. In effect, in the vertical planes containing the carriages probes 13, 14, 15 we have respectively arranged four light sources, L1, L2, L3, L4 sending their beams to an N device which is actually a set of lenses corresponding to references 4, 5 in Figure 1. In this case, this device N allows to measure the deflection of light beams relative to the ideal position, i.e. when the chassis is not distorted at all, as well in a vertical plane only in a horizontal plane. Of this way we can know the possible deformation of the chassis and these measurements correct the measurements three carriages 13, 14, 15 to obtain the measurement of the layout of the actual track and then compare them by compared to the ideal layout. So we can use a chassis 9 which is particularly long which allows to also be able to measure deformations having a long wavelength without the measurements are erroneous due to the deformation of the frame.

Nous allons maintenant nous référer aux figures 4, 5 et 6.We will now refer to Figures 4, 5 and 6.

A la figure 4 nous avons représenté schématiquement un châssis 19 muni de deux boggies 20, 21 et des palpeurs de voie 22, 23 pour mesurer la position de deux points d'une voie formée de rails R' par rapport au châssis 19. Afin de pouvoir mesurer également les courbures de voie dans un plan horizontal et vertical ainsi que le dévers, on utilise une plate-forme inertielle P représentée de manière schématique, laquelle dans le cas présent est fixée sur le châssis 19. Le dispositif optoélectronique mentionné précédemment formé d'un système de lentilles N' et des sources lumineuses L'1, L'2, L'3, L'4 est également utilisé pour pouvoir mesurer la déformation du châssis 19, la base de mesure étant formée de deux palpeurs 22, 23 et la plate-forme d'inertie. Dans le cas de la figure 4, dans le plan perpendiculaire à la voie parallèle à son axe, il n'y a aucune déformation ni de la voie, ni du châssis. Dans le cas de la figure 5, la voie présente dans le même plan un profil en pente (déformé ou non) qui est en fait mesuré par l'angle α détecté par la plate-forme d'inertie.In Figure 4 we schematically represent a chassis 19 fitted with two bogies 20, 21 and feelers track 22, 23 to measure the position of two points a track formed by rails R 'relative to the chassis 19. In order to be able to also measure the curvatures of track in a horizontal and vertical plane as well as the superelevation, we use an inertial platform P shown schematically, which in the present case is fixed on the chassis 19. The device optoelectronics previously mentioned formed of a N 'lens system and L'1 light sources, L'2, L'3, L'4 is also used to power measure the deformation of the chassis 19, the measurement base being formed by two feelers 22, 23 and the platform of inertia. In the case of Figure 4, in the plane perpendicular to the track parallel to its axis, there is no deformation of either the track or the chassis. In the case of FIG. 5, the channel present in the same plan a sloping profile (deformed or not) which is in fact measured by the angle α detected by the platform of inertia.

A la figure 6, la plate-forme d'inertie mesure un autre angle α' qui n'est pas dû à une déformation de la voie, mais a un affaissement sur le boggie 21 du châssis. Cet affaissement sera corrigé par le fait que la distance entre le châssis et le boggie n'est pas la même concernant les deux boggies ce qui permet d'obtenir une mesure correcte car les deux résultats seront compensés dans le dispositif électronique de calcul qui tient compte toujours aussi bien des éventuelles déformations du châssis relevées par le dispositif N', L'1, L'2, L'3, L'4, par les mesures effectuées concernant le tracé de la voie par les palpeurs 22 et 23 et par les éléments détectés par la plate-forme d'inertie P à savoir la différence vectorielle entre la position du châssis et le Nord magnétique. En effet, la plate-forme d'inertie permet non seulement de mesurer l'angle dans un plan perpendiculaire à la voie mais aussi bien dans un plan horizontal ce qui complète la mesure concernant les courbures de voie et également les dévers.In Figure 6, the inertia platform measures another angle α 'which is not due to a deformation of the track, but has a sag on the bogie 21 of the chassis. This sagging will be corrected by the fact that the distance between the chassis and the bogie is not the same concerning the two bogies which allows to obtain a correct measurement because the two results will be compensated in the electronic computing device that holds always counts any distortions as well of the chassis raised by the device N ', L'1, L'2, L'3, L'4, by the measurements carried out on the track layout by feelers 22 and 23 and by elements detected by the inertia platform P at know the vector difference between the position of the chassis and magnetic North. Indeed, the platform of inertia not only measures the angle in a plane perpendicular to the track but also well in a horizontal plane which completes the measurement concerning track bends and also overhangs.

Il faut aussi mentionné que les mesures peuvent également être réalisées en utilisant le système de mesure de la position par satellites connu sous la dénomination GPS.It should also be mentioned that the measures can also be performed using the system of position measurement by satellites known as the GPS designation.

Claims (9)

Véhicule de mesure (V) de l'état géométrique d'une voie ferrée (R) par rapport à la configuration géométrique théorique de ladite voie, comprenant un châssis rigide (9, 19) constituant la base de mesure supporté par des moyens de roulement (10, 11, 12; 20, 21) sur les rails de la voie ferrée (R), des moyens agencés (13, 14, 15; 22, 23) pour relever la configuration géométrique de la voie, et des moyens d'exploitation pour déterminer la dégradation de la configuration géométrique relevée par rapport à la configuration géométrique théorique et indiquer les éventuels écarts représentant ladite dégradation, caractérisé par le fait que le châssis (9, 19) est muni de moyens optoélectroniques (21, 22, 23, 24, N; L'1, L'2, L'3, L'4, N') agencés pour mesurer les déformations élastiques du châssis (9, 19) lors du déplacement sur ladite voie (R) du véhicule (V), lesdites valeurs de déformation du châssis étant fournies aux moyens d'exploitation pour corriger les valeurs de la configuration géométrique relevée.Vehicle for measuring (V) the geometric state of a track (R) compared to configuration theoretical geometry of said track, comprising a rigid frame (9, 19) constituting the measurement base supported by rolling means (10, 11, 12; 20, 21) on the rails of the railway track (R), means arranged (13, 14, 15; 22, 23) to raise the geometric configuration of the track, and means to determine the degradation of the geometric configuration noted in relation to the theoretical geometric configuration and indicate the any deviations representing said degradation, characterized in that the chassis (9, 19) is provided optoelectronic means (21, 22, 23, 24, N; L'1, L'2, L'3, L'4, N ') arranged to measure the elastic deformations of the chassis (9, 19) during movement on said track (R) of the vehicle (V), said chassis deformation values being provided to the operating resources to correct the values of the geometric configuration noted. Véhicule selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que lesdits moyens optoélectroniques comprennent un dispositif récepteur optique (4, 5) formé de capteurs munis chacun de plusieurs éléments photosensibles pour la réception de faisceaux lumineux émis par des sources lumineuses (A, B, C) se trouvant à distance du dispositif récepteur de mesure de chaque côté de celui-ci, deux systèmes de lentilles (1, 2) disposés dans la zone située entre les sources lumineuses (A, B, C) des deux côtés du dispositif récepteur (4, 5), chaque source lumineuse (A, B, C) étant associée à au moins un des capteurs (4, 5) recevant les faisceaux lumineux émis par la source lumineuse correspondante et traversant le système de lentilles (1, 2) correspondant, les deux systèmes de lentilles étant constitués d'une lentille fixe dont les axes optiques sont alignés et que les éléments photosensibles de chaque capteur sont alignés de telle façon que les rayons lumineux passant à travers la lentille concernée soient projetés en fonction de leur angle d'incidence sur une zone correspondante du capteur, le dispositif et les sources lumineuses étant solidaires dudit châssis.Vehicle according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that said optoelectronic means include an optical receiver device (4, 5) formed of sensors each provided with several elements photosensitive for receiving light beams emitted by light sources (A, B, C) located at distance from the receiving measuring device of each side of it, two lens systems (1, 2) arranged in the area between the sources luminous (A, B, C) on both sides of the device receiver (4, 5), each light source (A, B, C) being associated with at least one of the sensors (4, 5) receiving the light beams emitted by the source corresponding light and passing through the lenses (1, 2) corresponding, the two systems of lenses consisting of a fixed lens whose optical axes are aligned and that the elements photosensitive from each sensor are aligned in such a way way that the light rays passing through the lens concerned are projected according to their angle of incidence on a corresponding area of the sensor, the device and the light sources being integral with said chassis. Véhicule selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé par le fait que le véhicule (V) est muni de trois chariots palpeurs (10, 11, 12) de la voie ferrée permettant de relever les coordonnées géométriques de la voie en trois points par rapport au châssis (9) dans le plan du tracé et dans le plan du profil.Vehicle according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the vehicle (V) is provided with three feeler trolleys (10, 11, 12) of the railway allowing the geometric coordinates of the track at three points relative to the chassis (9) in the layout plane and in the profile plane. Véhicule selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé par le fait que le véhicule est muni de deux chariots palpeurs (22, 23) de voie pour relever la position géométrique de la voie en deux points par rapport au châssis (19), et d'une plate-forme (P) de référence absolue tridimensionnelle dite inertielle agencée pour relever la différence vectorielle entre le châssis et le Nord et entre le châssis et le plan horizontal permettant ainsi de déterminer les courbures de la voie dans le plan horizontal et vertical ainsi que les dévers.Vehicle according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized by the fact that the vehicle is provided with two track trolleys (22, 23) for raising the geometric position of the track at two points by relative to the chassis (19), and a platform (P) of three-dimensional absolute reference called inertial arranged to note the vector difference between the chassis and the North and between the chassis and the plane horizontal allowing to determine the curvatures of the track in the horizontal and vertical plane as well that the cant. Véhicule selon la revendication 4, caractérisé par le fait que ladite plate-forme inertielle (P) est munie de capteurs pour mesurer sa position par rapport au châssis.Vehicle according to claim 4, characterized by the fact that said inertial platform (P) is provided sensors to measure its position relative to the frame. Véhicule selon l'une des revendications 4 ou 5, caractérisé par le fait que la plate-forme inertielle est réalisée, soit par des moyens mécaniques, soit par des moyens électroniques, soit par des moyens optiques.Vehicle according to one of claims 4 or 5, characterized by the fact that the inertial platform is carried out either by mechanical means or by electronic means, either by optical means. Véhicule selon l'une des revendications 4, 5 ou 6, caractérisé par le fait que la plate-forme inertielle est munie dans trois plans d'accéléromètres, de gyroscopes et de moyens de traitement des signaux pour déterminer des défauts de voie particuliers.Vehicle according to one of claims 4, 5 or 6, characterized by the fact that the inertial platform is equipped in three accelerometer planes, gyroscopes and signal processing means for determine specific track faults. Véhicule selon l'une des revendications 4, 6 ou 7, caractérisé par le fait que la plate-forme inertielle est solidaire du train de roulement du chariot palpeur ou de sa structure et d'un moyen de traitement des signaux pour déterminer les défauts de la géométrie de la voie.Vehicle according to one of claims 4, 6 or 7, characterized by the fact that the inertial platform is integral with the undercarriage of the feeler carriage or its structure and a means of processing signals to determine faults in the geometry of the way. Véhicule selon la revendication 4, caractérisé par le fait que ladite plate-forme inertielle est solidaire d'un point du châssis, de préférence un point commun au châssis et un des chariots palpeur.Vehicle according to claim 4, characterized by the fact that said inertial platform is integral from a point on the chassis, preferably a point common to the chassis and one of the feeler trolleys.
EP20000810805 1999-09-09 2000-09-07 Vehicle for measuring the geometric condition of a railway track Expired - Lifetime EP1083106B1 (en)

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FR9911302A FR2798347B1 (en) 1999-09-09 1999-09-09 VEHICLE FOR MEASURING THE GEOMETRIC STATE OF A RAILWAY
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EP0707196A2 (en) * 1994-10-13 1996-04-17 FIAT FERROVIARIA S.p.A. System and method for detecting the relative position and motions between a rail vehicle and track

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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CN101314932B (en) * 2008-07-16 2011-06-08 张小虎 Camera shooting measuring method for track geometric parameter
FR2966847A1 (en) * 2010-10-28 2012-05-04 Alban Leymarie Device for measuring geometric parameter i.e. bend, of e.g. meter gauge on which wagon circulates, has light source, photodiode, optical filter and convergence unit positioned on rolling units to allow direct measurement of parameter
CN102768340A (en) * 2012-07-20 2012-11-07 长春轨道客车股份有限公司 Steering testing method for subway traction motors
CN112284327A (en) * 2020-11-11 2021-01-29 余娅君 Track detector based on data information control and transmission and use method thereof
CN112284327B (en) * 2020-11-11 2021-10-01 黑龙江瑞兴科技股份有限公司 Track detector based on data information control and transmission and use method thereof

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US6415522B1 (en) 2002-07-09
EP1083106B1 (en) 2004-10-27
JP2001114104A (en) 2001-04-24
FR2798347A1 (en) 2001-03-16
DE60015268D1 (en) 2004-12-02
FR2798347B1 (en) 2001-11-30
DE60015268T2 (en) 2005-11-03

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