EP1063364B1 - Isolierende Mauer - Google Patents

Isolierende Mauer Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1063364B1
EP1063364B1 EP00440179A EP00440179A EP1063364B1 EP 1063364 B1 EP1063364 B1 EP 1063364B1 EP 00440179 A EP00440179 A EP 00440179A EP 00440179 A EP00440179 A EP 00440179A EP 1063364 B1 EP1063364 B1 EP 1063364B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wall
hand
insulating
cement
particles
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP00440179A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1063364A1 (de
Inventor
Pierre Fehr
Didier Helmstetter
Fritz Spurgin
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Fehr SA
Spurgin Leonhart SAS
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Fehr SA
Spurgin Leonhart SAS
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Publication of EP1063364A1 publication Critical patent/EP1063364A1/de
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Publication of EP1063364B1 publication Critical patent/EP1063364B1/de
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/04—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres
    • E04C2/06—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres reinforced

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an insulating wall intended to intervene in the construction of a building, for example a dwelling or similar, and having an internal wall as well as a wall external, especially oriented inwards and outwards the exterior of said building, said walls, on the one hand, being arranged opposite one another and in a substantially parallel and, on the other hand, being interconnected by through connecting means and, on the other hand, defining a spacing.
  • the present invention relates to the building sector and, more particularly that of the manufacture of insulating walls., in particular those defined from pre-walls intended, after their realization, to be transported in order to be installed on the construction site of a building.
  • insulating walls corresponding to the description above.
  • such walls arise in the form of two walls made of traditional concrete and connected to each other by a metallic type frame. These two walls delimit, between them, a spacing that it is usual to fill with an insulating material, in particular a hydraulic mixture based on concrete containing polystyrene, in order to give said wall insulating properties.
  • a solution to reduce the thickness of such a wall, while in it conferring a coefficient of thermal insulation satisfying current standards, consists of completing this wall, internally and / or externally, by an insulating lining wall.
  • Such embodiment has, in fact, the disadvantage of having, on the one hand, to manufacture and, on the other, to set up such lining wall which obviously lengthens the duration of mounting of the wall and causes an additional cost in its manufacture.
  • an element of construction adopting the form of two panels, braced at using transverse rods, and defined based on either fibers of wood bound with a cement, or foam plastics, either plaster, chips or wood fibers, or a laminated synthetic material.
  • the two panels of such a building element constitute a formwork and define, between them, a spacing capable of being filled using either concrete when building a wall carrier, either of a foam of a synthetic material when we want to define an insulating wall.
  • EP-0.922.816 relates to a building element defined from two spaced and interconnected walls through a frame. These two walls are made in traditional concrete and the spacing between them is intended to be filled with an insulating material.
  • the realization of such construction element consists of placing a reinforcement in a mold and pour in it a traditional concrete intended to define a first wall. This first wall as well as said armature are returned so that the latter rests in a mold in which a traditional concrete is poured intended to define the second wall.
  • the present invention aims to provide a solution to these drawbacks through an insulating design wall news.
  • said particles of insulating material are full type and are defined in a expanded type synthetic material, especially polystyrene or other, for example in the form of beads.
  • such particles can, again, be of the type hollow and be delimited by a glass envelope, in synthetic or other material, said envelope being, by example, spherical in shape.
  • said particles are defined in a porous material of the volcanic rock type or similar.
  • the water intended to be incorporated into the hydraulic mixture is previously refrigerated and is preferably frozen, at least in part.
  • the cement can be combined with a filling material consisting of fine silica-based particles, such as slag, ash, smoke or combustion by-products.
  • the mass of this filling material added corresponds to a percentage of 30 to 60% of the mass of cement in the hydraulic mixture.
  • Another particular feature relates to the fact that the mixture also comprises metallic type fibers and / or glass fibers in respective amounts of at least 25 kg / m 3 and 5 kg / m 3 .
  • An additional characteristic concerns the fact that the mixture also contains an amount of sand of the order of 10 to 20 kg / m 3 .
  • the water added to the cement is previously refrigerated and is preferably icy, at least in part.
  • drying of at least one of said mixtures hydraulics is carried out in an oven at least 35 ° C, preferably 40 ° C, for a period longer than 6 hours, preferably at least 8 hours.
  • the present invention makes it possible, in fact, to constitute, in particular in the factory, an insulating pre-wall defined by two walls, made at base of a specific insulating hydraulic mixture, spaced and connected by connecting means.
  • This pre-wall is likely to be routed to site where the spacing between the two walls is filled with an insulating material with a composition similar to that hydraulic mixture.
  • composition of this mixture hydraulic allows, advantageously, to constitute a pre-wall of weight significantly lower than that of a traditional pre-wall obtained from solid concrete. Manufacturing, handling, transport and installation on site of such a pre-wall are, therefore, notably facilitated.
  • composition of this hydraulic mixture allows, again and advantageous way, to produce an insulating wall satisfying the insulation standards in force and having a thickness significantly lower than that of a wall obtained, so traditional, from a full and filled concrete pre-wall insulating material.
  • the present invention advantageously makes it possible to obtain a new insulating wall with a thickness less than the insulating walls of the state of the art which allows a substantial gain in living area, this for an identical floor area of building.
  • an insulating wall of reduced thickness allows, on the one hand, to achieve a gain substantial in raw material and, on the other hand, to reduce appreciably the weight of an insulating wall compared to that of a traditional insulating wall.
  • this new insulating wall is made from a hydraulic mixture based on concrete and meets the standards of rigidity in force so that it is possible to have several of these insulating walls one at a above each other so as to define a building with several floors.
  • the walls and the filling of their spacing are made from an insulating material avoids, advantageously, to have recourse to the establishment of at least an insulating and expensive lining wall, after having erected the wall. It is therefore possible, in particular after having conferred said wall has an appropriate external appearance during its manufacture, to carry out, directly and without prior preparation, the application of a tapestry or other coating on a such a wall.
  • the present invention relates to the field of the manufacture of insulating walls intended to be installed on the site of the construction of a building or the like, in particular of a dwelling.
  • the present invention is in no way limited thereto and also relates to a internal type wall, placed inside said building, and able to define, as the case may be, a load-bearing wall or a partition separation.
  • such a wall 1 has a certain thickness 2 and generally comprises two walls 3, 4 including an internal wall 3 and an external wall 4 which, for example with reference to an external type 1 wall, are oriented inward and outward, respectively of said building.
  • Said internal 3 and external 4 walls are arranged opposite one another and in a substantially parallel manner. These two walls 3, 4 each have a certain thickness 5, 6 and are arranged at a distance 7 from one another so as to define a spacing 8 between them. In this spacing 8 extend connecting means 9 able to connect said walls 3, 4 to each other.
  • said wall 1 has a thickness 2 of less than 40 cm.
  • said internal 3 and external 4 walls each have a thickness 5, 6 of between 4 cm and 10 cm knowing that good results are obtained for a thickness 5, 6 of 6 cm.
  • these can, according to a first solution, be defined by particles of solid types. These last are then made of a synthetic material of the type expanded, in particular polystyrene or other, and adopt, by example, the shape of beads.
  • Another solution consists in incorporating, in said mixture hydraulic, particles 10 of insulating material adopting the form of hollow particles. These are delimited by a glass, synthetic or other material envelope, this envelope being, for example, spherical in shape.
  • the maximum volume of air trapped is of the order of 900 l / m 3 knowing that good results are obtained for 800 l / m 3 .
  • an adjuvant capable of coating said particles 10 of insulating material.
  • This adjuvant allows the cement slurry to coat, homogeneously, said insulating particles 10 and create an arch effect suitable for prevent, or at least significantly reduce, the phenomenon of repulsion between particles 10. This makes it possible to remedy the phenomenon of segregation of the hydraulic mixture.
  • the mass of this adjuvant, compared to that of cement is, on the one hand, at least equal to 0.4% and, on the other hand, less than 1%, knowing that good results are obtained for 0.8%.
  • the water intended to be incorporated in the hydraulic mixture is, beforehand, refrigerated.
  • said water is frozen, at least in part.
  • the hydraulic mixture contains cement, the presence of which is ensured, either individually, either in combination with a filling material 11, usually called "filler".
  • a filling material usually called "filler”.
  • Such a filling material It is, in fact, constituted by fine particles based on silica, such as slag, ash, smoke or combustion by-products.
  • the presence of cement must be ensured up to at least 250 kg / m 3 knowing that good results are obtained for 450 kg / m 3 of cement and 150 kg / m 3 of filling material 11.
  • the presence of such a filling material 11 advantageously makes it possible to reduce the quantity of cement necessary for the preparation of the hydraulic mixture and, consequently, to lower the cost price of the latter.
  • Another characteristic of the present invention relates to the fact that the hydraulic mixture can be supplemented with fibers, more particularly of the reinforcing fiber type 12.
  • these metallic fibers have, preferably between 20 and 70 mm in length and their diameter is around 0.8 mm.
  • the hydraulic mixture is added with sand capable of increasing, on the one hand, its density and, on the other hand, the resistance of wall 1.
  • This sand is added at a height of 10 to 20 kg / m 3 knowing that good results are obtained for about 15 kg / m 3 .
  • the insulating wall 1, comprising two walls 3, 4 interconnected and obtained from a hydraulic mixture described above, can define a wall of internal type.
  • the latter can be implanted as is on the construction site of a building.
  • this spacing 8 is filled, in particular by casting, at using an insulating material 13 produced, at least, from cement, water, an adjuvant, the latter being, as the case may be, able to create inclusions of air bubbles or, if necessary, supplemented by particles 10 of an insulating material.
  • the composition of this insulating material 13, that is to say the nature and the amount of its ingredients, is similar to the mixture hydraulic described above and capable of constituting said internal 3 and external 4 walls.
  • the present invention also relates to a method of manufacture of such an insulating wall 1 consisting, in a first step, to introduce a cement in a mixer.
  • water is added to this cement. containing an adjuvant.
  • this water is, before its incorporation, refrigerated, even glazed, at least in part.
  • said adjuvant is able to define inclusions of air bubbles in the hydraulic mixture, while, according to a second mode of realization, this adjuvant comes in addition to particles 10 of an insulating material.
  • the hydraulic mixture comprises such insulating particles 10
  • the latter are preferably introduced into the mixer before the cement.
  • the hydraulic mixture contains sand
  • the latter is introduced into the mixer and, if necessary, added to insulating particles 10, before the introduction of the cement.
  • the first hydraulic mixture thus obtained can further be added, where appropriate, reinforcing fibers 12, in particular glass fibers and / or fibers of the type metallic. These fibers 12 are preferably incorporated into the mixing after cement and before water.
  • This first hydraulic mixture is mixed before sinking the latter, during a third stage of the method according to the invention, in a mold.
  • the means 9 are arranged in the latter.
  • such means of link 9 are likely to define a frame capable of reinforce the wall 1. If necessary, said connecting means 9 can be completed with such a frame, the latter being placed in the mold before or after pouring the mixture hydraulic.
  • the first hydraulic mixture is then dried in order to define, as the case may be, an external wall 4 or internal wall 3 of the wall 1. It will be observed that, according to a preferred embodiment, this drying takes place in an oven at least 35 ° C, preferably 40 ° C, for a period greater than 6 hours, preferably at least equal to 8 hours.
  • a second hydraulic mixture is also produced, so that similar to the first and of the same composition.
  • This second mixture is intended to define, after drying, as the case may be, a internal wall 3 or external wall 4.
  • This second hydraulic mixture is, in fact, poured into a mold similar to that receiving the first hydraulic mixture.
  • the second mixture is then dried. hydraulic, such drying can be carried out, as for first mixture, in an oven at least 35 ° C, preferably 40 ° C, for a period longer than 6 hours, preferably at less equal to 8 hours.
  • the wall 1 thus obtained can either be stored, either be directly transported to a site.
  • said wall in particular when the latter is of the external type, can be completed by a insulating material 13.
  • the latter is poured into the spacing 8 existing between the inner 3 and outer 4 walls, such insulating material 13 having a composition similar to the mixture hydraulics described above.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
  • Table Devices Or Equipment (AREA)
  • Threshing Machine Elements (AREA)
  • Mechanical Pencils And Projecting And Retracting Systems Therefor, And Multi-System Writing Instruments (AREA)
  • Porous Artificial Stone Or Porous Ceramic Products (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Isoliermauer, die zum Einsatz kommt beim Bauen eines Gebäudes, z.B. einer Wohnung oder dergleichen, welche eine Innenwand (3) sowie eine Außenwand (4) umfaßt, die nämlich zur Innenseite und zur Außenseite des genannten Gebäudes hin gerichtet sind, wobei die genannten Wände (3, 4) zum einen gegenüber einander und im wesentlichen parallel zu einander angeordnet und zum anderen über Verbindungsmittel (9) mit einander verbunden sind und zum anderen auch einen Hohlraum (8) definiert, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß, einerseits, die genannte Mauer (1) eine Dicke (2) kleiner als 40 cm aufweist und, andererseits, die genannte Innen- (3) und die genannte Außenwand (4) je eine Dicke (5, 6) von wenigstens 4 cm aufweisen und aus einer hydraulischen Mischung erhalten werden, die zum einen eine Zusammensetzung ähnlich derjenigen eines Isoliermaterials (13) aufweist, das nämlich durch Gießen den genannten Hohlraum (8) zwischen der Innen- (3) und der Außenwand (4) füllt, und zum anderen pro m3 :
    wenigstens 250 Kg Zement;
    wenigstens 250 Liter Luft, die durch Partikeln (10) eines Isoliermaterials eingeschlossen wird;
    ein Zusatzmittel, einerseits geeignet, die genannten Isoliermaterialpartikeln (10) zu umhüllen, und andererseits dessen Masse, bezogen auf diejenige des Zements, wenigstens gleich 0,4% ist;
    eine derartige Menge Wasser, daß das Wasser/Zement-Massenverhältnis zwischen 0,2 und 0,5 liegt,
    enthält.
  2. Isoliermauer nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die genannten Isoliermaterialpartikeln (10) Vollpartikeln und aus einem Schaumkunststoff, nämlich Polystyrol oder dergleichen, z.B. in der Form von Kugeln, sind.
  3. Isoliermauer nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die genannten Isoliermaterialpartikeln (10) einer hohler Art und von einer Hülle aus Glas, Kunststoff oder dergleichen begrenzt sind, wobei die genannte Hülle z.B. kugelförmig ist.
  4. Isoliermauer nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die genannten Isoliermaterialpartikeln (10) aus einem porösen Material, wie vulkanischem Gestein oder dergleichen, sind.
  5. Isoliermauer, die zum Einsatz kommt beim Bauen eines Gebäudes, z.B. einer Wohnung oder dergleichen, welche eine Innenwand (3) sowie eine Außenwand (4) umfaßt, die nämlich zur Innenseite und zur Außenseite des genannten Gebäudes hin gerichtet sind, wobei die genannten Wände (3, 4) zum einen gegenüber einander und im wesentlichen parallel zu einander angeordnet und zum anderen über Verbindungsmittel (9) mit einander verbunden sind und zum anderen auch einen Hohlraum (8) definiert, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß, einerseits, die genannte Mauer (1) eine Dicke (2) kleiner als 40 cm aufweist und, andererseits, die genannte Innen- (3) und die genannte Außenwand (4) je eine Dicke (5, 6) von wenigstens 4 cm aufweisen und aus einer hydraulischen Mischung erhalten werden, die zum einen eine Zusammensetzung ähnlich derjenigen eines Isoliermaterials (13) aufweist, das nämlich durch Gießen den genannten Hohlraum (8) zwischen der Innen- (3) und der Außenwand (4) füllt, und zum anderen pro m3:
    wenigstens 250 Kg Zement;
    Luftblaseneinschlüße, die ein Gesamtluftvolumen von wenigstens 250 Liter darstellen;
    ein Zusatzmittel, einerseits geeignet, bei der Herstellung der genannten Mischung Luft in diese letzte hineinzubringen, um die genannten Einschlüße zu bilden, und andererseits dessen Volumen wenigstens 0,8 Liter pro m3 hydraulische Mischung beträgt;
    eine derartige Menge Wasser, daß das Wasser/Zement-Massenverhältnis zwischen 0,2 und 0,5 liegt,
    enthält.
  6. Isoliermauer nach irgendeinem der vorgehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Wasser, das der hydraulischen Mischung zuzumischen ist, vorher gekühlt und vorzugsweise wenigstens zum Teil eisgekühlt wird.
  7. Isoliermauer nach irgendeinem der vorgehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Zement mit einem Füllmaterial (11) aus siliziumhaltigen Feinpartikeln, wie Schlacken, Aschen, Dunst oder Nebenprodukten der Verbrennung, kombiniert werden kann.
  8. Isoliermauer nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Masse des zugefügten Füllmaterials (11) einem Prozentanteil von 30 bis 60% der Zementmasse in der hydraulischen Mischung entspricht.
  9. Isoliermauer nach irgendeinem der vorgehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Mischung Verstärkungsfasern (12), nämlich Fasern metallischer Art und/oder Glasfasern, respektive in Mengen von wenigstens 25 kg/m3 und 5 kg/m3, enthält.
  10. Isoliermauer nach irgendeinem der vorgehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Mischung eine Menge Sand der Größenordnung von 10 bis 20 kg/m3 enthält.
  11. Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Isoliermauer nach irgendeinem der vorgehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß:
    in einen Mischer ein Zement eingeführt wird, dem Wasser zugemischt wird, das ein Zusatzmittel enthält, das je nach dem Fall entweder Lufteinschlüße definiert oder Partikeln (10) eines Isoliermaterials ergänzt;
    vor der Einführung des Zements in den Mischer, in diesen letzten, im vorkommenden Fall, die genannten Isoliermaterialpartikeln (10), dann Sand und anschließend ein Füllmaterial eingeführt werden;
    dem Zement, vor der Zumischung von Wasser und Zusatzmittel, im vorkommenden Fall, Verstärkungsfasern (12) zugefügt werden ;
    das Mischen dieser erhaltenen ersten hydraulischen Mischung gesichert wird, bevor diese in eine Gußform gegossen wird ;
    in diese Gußform, vor oder nach dem Gießen, die Verbindungsmittel (9) angeordnet werden;
    die Trocknung der genannten ersten hydraulischen Mischung gesichert wird, um je nach dem Fall eine Außen- (4) oder Innenwand (3) der Mauer (1) zu definieren ;
    eine zweite hydraulische Mischung auf gleicher Weise als die erste und mit einer gleichen Zusammensetzung hergestellt wird, welche dazu bestimmt ist, nach Trocknung je nach dem Fall eine Innen- (3) oder Außenwand (4) zu definieren ;
    diese zweite hydraulische Mischung in eine Gußform gegossen wird ;
    der Umkehr der aus der ersten hydraulischen Mischung erhaltenen Außen- (4) oder Innenwand (3) vorgenommen und teilweise die Immersion ihrer Verbindungsmittel (9) in die zweite hydraulische Mischung gesichert wird ;
    die Trocknung der genannten zweiten hydraulischen Mischung vorgenommen wird,
    der Hohlraum (8) zwischen der Innen- (3) und der Außenwand (4) nachher und nämlich durch Gießen mit einem Isoliermaterial (13) einer Zusammensetzung ähnlich der genannten hydraulischen Mischung gefüllt wird.
  12. Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Isoliermauer nach Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das dem Zement zugemischte Wasser vorher gekühlt wird, wobei dieses Wasser vorzugsweise wenigstens zum Teil eisgekühlt wird.
  13. Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Isoliermauer nach irgendeinem der Ansprüche 11 oder 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Trocknung wenigstens einer der genannten hydraulischen Mischungen in einem Trockenofen bei wenigstens 35°C, vorzugsweise 40°C, während einer Zeit von mehr als 6 Stunden, vorzugsweise wenigstens gleich 8 Stunden, erfolgt.
EP00440179A 1999-06-24 2000-06-16 Isolierende Mauer Expired - Lifetime EP1063364B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9908200A FR2795440B1 (fr) 1999-06-24 1999-06-24 Mur isolant
FR9908200 1999-06-24

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1063364A1 EP1063364A1 (de) 2000-12-27
EP1063364B1 true EP1063364B1 (de) 2002-08-21

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EP (1) EP1063364B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE222631T1 (de)
DE (1) DE60000341T2 (de)
FR (1) FR2795440B1 (de)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102008006127A1 (de) * 2008-01-25 2009-08-06 Erich Kastner Mehrschaliges Halbfertig-Bauteil
IT1401450B1 (it) 2010-06-10 2013-07-26 Italcementi Spa Pannello composito perfezionato a base di malta cementizia con priorita' di trasparenza
FR3012828A1 (fr) 2013-11-07 2015-05-08 Occitanie Pierres Mur isolant a structure autoporteuse appareillee
FR3024989B1 (fr) 2014-08-21 2018-03-02 Lesage Developpement Mur a coffrage integre a rupture thermique, procede de construction d'un batiment a partir dudit mur, et batiment obtenu
FR3057590B1 (fr) * 2016-10-18 2020-10-09 Hsols Ind Dalle structurelle avec fibres metalliques

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE6925047U (de) * 1969-03-13 1969-11-13 Albert Lichius Bauelement
FR2555633B1 (fr) * 1983-11-30 1989-08-11 Brugeaud Roger Pieces moulees en beton isolant leger, procede de fabrication et composition
DE19654202A1 (de) * 1996-10-25 1998-05-28 Syspro Gruppe Betonbauteile E Betonbauelement
DE19755087A1 (de) * 1997-12-11 1999-06-17 Loesch Gmbh Betonwerke Vorgefertigtes Bauelement

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FR2795440B1 (fr) 2001-10-12
ATE222631T1 (de) 2002-09-15
FR2795440A1 (fr) 2000-12-29
DE60000341T2 (de) 2003-05-15
DE60000341D1 (de) 2002-09-26
EP1063364A1 (de) 2000-12-27

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