EP1061182A1 - Pfahl und Einrichtung zu dessen Einbringung in den Boden - Google Patents

Pfahl und Einrichtung zu dessen Einbringung in den Boden Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1061182A1
EP1061182A1 EP00202139A EP00202139A EP1061182A1 EP 1061182 A1 EP1061182 A1 EP 1061182A1 EP 00202139 A EP00202139 A EP 00202139A EP 00202139 A EP00202139 A EP 00202139A EP 1061182 A1 EP1061182 A1 EP 1061182A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pile
core
ground
cutting tip
parts
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP00202139A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1061182B1 (de
Inventor
Pieter Faber
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP1061182A1 publication Critical patent/EP1061182A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1061182B1 publication Critical patent/EP1061182B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D7/00—Methods or apparatus for placing sheet pile bulkheads, piles, mouldpipes, or other moulds
    • E02D7/28—Placing of hollow pipes or mould pipes by means arranged inside the piles or pipes
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/22—Piles
    • E02D5/24—Prefabricated piles
    • E02D5/30—Prefabricated piles made of concrete or reinforced concrete or made of steel and concrete
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/22—Piles
    • E02D5/52—Piles composed of separable parts, e.g. telescopic tubes ; Piles composed of segments
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/22—Piles
    • E02D5/56—Screw piles

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a pile, such as a foundation pile, which is intended for driving over at least a part of its length into the ground.
  • the invention relates to a pile of this type.
  • Known screw piles are provided along at least a part of their length with screw thread.
  • the ground is such that such a pile can be driven into the ground at a speed such that no longitudinal slippage occurs and a real screw action thus occurs, the pile driven into the ground can acquire a very high load-bearing capacity.
  • the ground herein lies closely round the whole outer surface of the pile with increased pressure caused by the displacement.
  • the load-bearing capacity of a thus inserted pile is herein based solely on the load-bearing capacity of the ground layer in which the tip of the pile is situated. The pile derives no load-bearing capacity from shaft friction.
  • the invention now has for its object to provide a pile of the type described in the preamble which has a load-bearing capacity at least partly based on shaft friction irrespectively of whether during insertion a screw action can be effected or not.
  • the displacement movement exerted on the ground is favourably uniform when the measure according to claim 5 is applied.
  • the measure of claim 6 is preferably applied.
  • the shaft can be manufactured as a straightforward concrete tube, while the cutting tip with a more complicated form can be moulded separately.
  • the measure of claim 9 is applied.
  • the cutting tip can be embodied with a desired large diameter to provide the necessary load-bearing capacity.
  • the shaft itself can then be embodied with a smaller diameter, so that the manufacturing costs of the foundation pile as a whole remains limited.
  • the invention likewise relates to an apparatus for driving a pile as specified above into the ground. This is characterized in claim 10.
  • the apparatus preferably further comprises the measure of claim 11.
  • the measure of claim 12 is preferably applied.
  • the expandable elements engage on the inner surface of the cavity.
  • the measure of claim 14 is preferably applied. Because the lining is supported along its longitudinal edges in a helical line, there occurs a favourable loaded condition of the lining when torque is exerted on the inner wall of the pile.
  • a suitable embodiment is characterized in claim 17.
  • Each of the core parts can have a length which corresponds with the length of a pile part.
  • a pile can thereby be introduced into the ground by successively adding core parts and pile parts to the parts already placed in the ground.
  • Each pile part can be picked up using a core part by inserting the core part into the relevant pile part and activating the expandable elements of that core part. The core part with the pile part therearound can then be lifted and placed onto the parts already introduced into the ground.
  • the core parts are preferably connected mutually in non-releasable manner. This is particularly important for removal of the core parts from the pile arranged in the ground. The whole assembled core can then be lifted out of the arranged pile and dismantled again into parts.
  • the desired firm connection can be rapidly effected by rotating the central tube and causing mutual engagement of mutually abutting screw coupling parts of core parts for mutual connection.
  • the measure of claim 21 is preferably applied to transmit the drive torque in suitable manner for the purpose of driving the pile into the ground.
  • the fluid feed can herein take place via the central tube, wherein the individual assemblies of one core part and one pile part or a number of mutually coupled core parts with associated pile parts can be held individually under fluid pressure in order to maintain the engagement between the core parts and the pile parts.
  • a continuous connection is formed by opening the valves, so that the then realized assembly can subsequently be provided integrally with fluid pressure once again.
  • the measure of claim 23 is preferably applied for removal of the core parts from the pile introduced into the ground.
  • the core of which the expandable elements have been deactivated can be hoisted over one core part to a height at which the retractable protrusions come to lie just above the upper edge of the arranged pile.
  • the protrusions can then be extended, preferably as a result of decoupling of the upper core part, whereby the remaining core parts remain suspended on the upper edge of the formed pile using the extending protrusions.
  • the then uppermost core part can subsequently be engaged and the assembly of core parts lifted until the following protrusions again come to lie just above the upper edge of the formed tube, whereafter the cycle is repeated.
  • the pile 1 shown in figure 1 comprises a shaft 2 which is formed in this embodiment from concrete 8 provided with a reinforcement 7.
  • a cutting tip 3 is arranged on the bottom end of shaft 2. This can likewise be of concrete or of steel and be connected to reinforcement 7.
  • Cutting tip 3 has a displacing surface 4 which extends in a number of turns increasing in radius helically and in spiral manner from the bottom end point up to the shaft 3.
  • a connecting surface 5 which lies substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the pile.
  • Pile 1 is intended for insertion into the ground by rotation thereof on its longitudinal axis.
  • the cutting tip 3 herein penetrates into the ground due to the own weight of the pile and/or an additional downward force.
  • the downward feed i.e. the vertical displacement per rotation
  • the vertical displacement per rotation is chosen to be equal to the pitch of displacing surface 4
  • ground which comes into contact with this displacing surface 4 is gradually displaced outward.
  • a vertical displacement of the ground does not occur.
  • the ground under the pile is thus not compacted, whereby the penetration of cutting tip 3 into the ground is not obstructed.
  • the pile is provided with a central cavity 6, on the wall of which can engage a core, to be described further, for the purpose of exerting the drive torque during insertion of the pile.
  • the pile 10 shown in figure 3 has a cutting tip 12 with a displacing surface 11 which is not parallel to the longitudinal axis of pile 10 but which diverges in downward direction.
  • a cutting tip 12 with a displacing surface 11 which is not parallel to the longitudinal axis of pile 10 but which diverges in downward direction.
  • the displacing surface 14 extends over less than a full turn from the end point 17 to the periphery of cutting tip 13.
  • Connecting surface 15 hereby has a large width over a considerable part.
  • cutting tip 13 is here also connected to a shaft 16 drawn in cross-section which takes a hollow form.
  • a core engaging in the central cavity of the pile is suitably used.
  • This core forms part of rotation drive means which will be further elucidated.
  • Rotation drive means 18 comprise an elongate core 19 which can be driven for rotation on its longitudinal axis by a transmission 20.
  • This core 19 is placed in the central cavity 6 of a pile 1 to be driven and is provided with expandable elements which can engage on the wall of this central cavity 6 in order to drive the pile 1 in rotation.
  • Core 19 comprises a preferably steel tube 22 around which is arranged a rubber hose 23. At regular distances this hose 23 is clamped fixedly against tube 22 by means of clamps. A sealing ring 25 is arranged between hose 23 and tube 22 at the position of each clamp 24.
  • Control device 27 controls the feed to each of the lines 26 of fluid under pressure from a pump 28 driven by a motor 29.
  • Control device 27 comprises for this purpose valves 30 with which this fluid under pressure can be fed to each of the lines 26 and drained therefrom.
  • Selected hose parts can be pressed into contact with the wall of central cavity 6 depending on the loaded condition of pile 1 during driving thereof into the ground.
  • the torque required to overcome the frictional moment acting on the outer surface of pile 1 can hereby be transferred to the pile at the correct height, whereby the torsion on the pile remains within limits.
  • a number of the sections can also be relieved of pressure and later loaded again, if this is desired, in order to correct a possible deformation of core 19 under the influence of the drive torque.
  • the apparatus 31 shown in figure 8 for driving piles according to the invention into the ground is embodied such that it can operate with piles assembled from a number of pile parts 42.
  • Apparatus 31 comprises a frame 33 which is placeable on caterpillar tracks 32 and which can be positioned fixedly on the ground by means of per se known supports 34.
  • a mast 35 along which a drill motor 36 can move up and downward.
  • This drill motor is provided with a drilling head 40 which can engage a drive core to be further described.
  • Apparatus 31 is positioned such that drilling head 40 comes to lie exactly vertically above the location where a pile must be inserted into the ground.
  • a movable jib 38 which bears on its end a second mast 37.
  • a holder 39 with which pile parts and/or core parts 43 can be engaged is displaceable along this mast.
  • Figure 9 shows a core part 43 in more detail. It will be apparent that a number of these core parts can be mutually coupled in order to form one longer core. Core part 43 co-acts with a pile part 42 which, together with other pile parts 42, can also form one longer pile.
  • Core part 43 is constructed substantially from a hollow steel shaft 45, on the outer surface of which is arranged an expandable lining 44.
  • This lining 44 is formed by a strip of flexible material, in particular rubber-like material, extending helically round the shaft 45 and connected at 46 to shaft 45 with its longitudinal edges.
  • shaft 45 In shaft 45 are arranged a number of bores 47 which connect the interior of the shaft to the space behind the lining layers 44.
  • Each core part 43 is provided on its top and bottom end with complementary coupling parts, respectively an upper coupling part 50 and a lower coupling part 51.
  • a lower coupling 51 of a core part 53 can hereby be coupled to upper coupling part 50 of a core part 43 situated thereunder.
  • coupling parts 50, 51 are self-centring in that lower coupling part 51 has a conical outer surface 54 and upper coupling part 50 has a conical inner surface 53. In the coupled situation shown in figure 14, these surfaces fit closely together.
  • tooth-like protrusions 52, 55 which are mutually engaging in the coupled situation and thus form a non-rotatable connection between the associated core parts.
  • Figure 13 shows how the toothings 52, 55 of the coupling parts engage close-fittingly so that one continuous core is formed.
  • a central tube 60 is applied which extends in each core part along its length.
  • Central tube 60 is received in the core part for vertical displacement over a short distance and is urged by a helical spring 62 into a higher position.
  • Central tube 60 is provided on its bottom end with an outer screw thread 64 which can engage on inner screw thread 63 arranged in a coupling part 61 at the position of an upper coupling 50.
  • a cutting tip can be provided with a screw thread corresponding with screw thread 63 of coupling part 61, so that central tube 60 of the lower core part can be screwed into this cutting tip and a firm connection of this cutting tip to the core can thus be effected.
  • the core can of course herein have a coupling part corresponding to an upper coupling part 50.
  • Means can simultaneously be arranged in favourable manner in this screwing head for feeding fluid under pressure, and in particular compressed air, into central tube 60 of upper core part 43.
  • the central tube is provided with a number of bores 57 whereby compressed air fed via the central tube can flow behind the expandable lining 44 via the interior of shaft 45 and bores 47.
  • the core part is thus brought into contact with the inner wall 48 of pile part 42.
  • Central tube 60 is provided on its upper and lower end with non-return valves 65 respectively 66 which ensure that the increased pressure generated in the interior of core part 43 by the compressed air supplied with the screwing head is maintained even when the screwing head is no longer in engagement with the central tube.
  • the assembly of pile part 42 and core part 43 can thus be displaced as a unit.
  • pile parts 42 can suitably be accommodated in a container or cassette containing the number of pile parts required to form one pile.
  • the first pile part is provided with the above described cutting tip.
  • a first core part 43 is placed in the first pile part 42.
  • this first assembly is positioned at the location where the pile has to be arranged in the ground.
  • Drill motor 36, guided by mast 35, is then lowered onto this assembly, wherein drilling head 40 comes into engagement with the upper coupling 50 of core part 43.
  • motor 36 is set into operation and the core part is driven in rotation while a vertically downward force is exerted.
  • the ground is displaced to the sides by the action of the cutting tip and the pile part is carried into the ground.
  • drill motor 36 is disengaged and, using holder 39, a following assembly of pile part and core part is placed onto the assembly already placed in the ground and in the manner described above a coupling is effected between the core parts, whereafter drilling motor 36 is again set into operation to thus drive further into the ground the pile assembly consisting of two parts. This procedure is repeated until all pile parts have been driven into the ground.
  • the drive torque is herein transmitted to the cutting tip in each case via the core assembled from parts.
  • Pile parts 42 are only exposed to the friction of the ground relative to the outer surface which is transmitted directly over a very short path to the lining of the core in driving contact with inner wall 48.
  • the pile itself is subject to practically no torsion, so that it can be embodied very simply and reinforcement is unnecessary.
  • the pile parts can be manufactured in simple manner and are thus comparatively inexpensive in the manner of sewer pipes and the like.
  • apparatus 31 is repositioned such that the drilling head 40 is situated above the position where the subsequent pile must be arranged in the ground.
  • a cassette filled with the required number of pile parts 42 is placed at a suitable position relative to apparatus 31.
  • the core from which the compressed air has been released beforehand, is picked up and raised through the length of one core part 43.
  • the central tube is then unscrewed from the upper core part, as a result of which the protrusions 68 on the upper end of the remaining core protrude outward in a manner not further shown and can be lowered onto the upper edge of the pile arranged in the ground.
  • the released core part is placed into one of pile parts supplied in the cassette and this pile part is inserted into the ground in the described manner.
  • a core part is again removed from the previously arranged pile, wherein the remaining core is again supported by the expanders 68 of the then uppermost core part.
  • the core parts are thus removed one at a time from the already formed pile and used to drive a following pile part 42 of the subsequent pile into the ground.
  • Manipulation of the core parts and the pile parts still to be driven into the ground takes place with the separately controllable jib 38, so that this can take place simultaneously with driving of the pile into the ground.
  • An assembly of pile part and core part can hereby be held in readiness each time and be placed immediately onto the part already driven into the ground as soon as this has been carried far enough into the ground. No extra time is thus lost in the manipulation of the core parts.
  • apparatus 31 can be used in a space of limited height. Only the total height of a pile part plus the height thereabove of the drill motor and some additional space for manoeuvre are required. This implies that with the invention foundation piles can also be arranged in existing buildings.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
  • Placing Or Removing Of Piles Or Sheet Piles, Or Accessories Thereof (AREA)
EP00202139A 1999-06-16 2000-06-16 Pfahl zur Einbringung in den Boden Expired - Lifetime EP1061182B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL1012370A NL1012370C2 (nl) 1999-06-16 1999-06-16 Paal en inrichting voor het in de grond drijven daarvan.
NL1012370 1999-06-16

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1061182A1 true EP1061182A1 (de) 2000-12-20
EP1061182B1 EP1061182B1 (de) 2009-02-25

Family

ID=19769406

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00202139A Expired - Lifetime EP1061182B1 (de) 1999-06-16 2000-06-16 Pfahl zur Einbringung in den Boden

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1061182B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE423874T1 (de)
DE (1) DE60041613D1 (de)
NL (1) NL1012370C2 (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6824331B2 (en) 2000-04-10 2004-11-30 Clifford Alan Parker Screw form anchor device
JP2013127183A (ja) * 2011-12-19 2013-06-27 Okabe Co Ltd コンクリート杭
CN113529700A (zh) * 2021-09-15 2021-10-22 启东霓辉新材料科技有限公司 一种预应力混凝土实心方桩及其制作方法

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE536165C (de) * 1931-10-19 Friedrich Wilhelm Lang Dipl In Rammpfahl
DE2936060A1 (de) * 1979-09-06 1981-04-02 Fundex P.V.B.A., St. Michiels, Brugge Erdbohrer und dabei angewendeter bohrkopf
US4623025A (en) * 1984-04-09 1986-11-18 Fundex Soil-displacement drill and method for manufacturing a pile
US4655301A (en) * 1984-11-21 1987-04-07 Funderingstechnieken Verstraeten B.V. Expansible drive core
US4708530A (en) * 1983-05-03 1987-11-24 Pieter Faber Concrete foundation pile and device for driving the same into the ground
EP0855489A2 (de) * 1997-01-22 1998-07-29 Fundex N.V. Erdverdrängungsbohrer

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE536165C (de) * 1931-10-19 Friedrich Wilhelm Lang Dipl In Rammpfahl
DE2936060A1 (de) * 1979-09-06 1981-04-02 Fundex P.V.B.A., St. Michiels, Brugge Erdbohrer und dabei angewendeter bohrkopf
US4708530A (en) * 1983-05-03 1987-11-24 Pieter Faber Concrete foundation pile and device for driving the same into the ground
US4623025A (en) * 1984-04-09 1986-11-18 Fundex Soil-displacement drill and method for manufacturing a pile
US4655301A (en) * 1984-11-21 1987-04-07 Funderingstechnieken Verstraeten B.V. Expansible drive core
EP0855489A2 (de) * 1997-01-22 1998-07-29 Fundex N.V. Erdverdrängungsbohrer

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6824331B2 (en) 2000-04-10 2004-11-30 Clifford Alan Parker Screw form anchor device
JP2013127183A (ja) * 2011-12-19 2013-06-27 Okabe Co Ltd コンクリート杭
CN113529700A (zh) * 2021-09-15 2021-10-22 启东霓辉新材料科技有限公司 一种预应力混凝土实心方桩及其制作方法
CN113529700B (zh) * 2021-09-15 2021-11-19 启东霓辉新材料科技有限公司 一种预应力混凝土实心方桩及其制作方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL1012370C2 (nl) 2000-12-19
DE60041613D1 (de) 2009-04-09
ATE423874T1 (de) 2009-03-15
EP1061182B1 (de) 2009-02-25

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