EP1059363B1 - Method for process integrated heat treatment - Google Patents
Method for process integrated heat treatment Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1059363B1 EP1059363B1 EP00112192A EP00112192A EP1059363B1 EP 1059363 B1 EP1059363 B1 EP 1059363B1 EP 00112192 A EP00112192 A EP 00112192A EP 00112192 A EP00112192 A EP 00112192A EP 1059363 B1 EP1059363 B1 EP 1059363B1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- heat treatment
- sheet
- aluminum strip
- aluminum
- cold forming
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/057—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with copper as the next major constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/047—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with magnesium as the next major constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/053—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with zinc as the next major constituent
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for producing cold-formed components from a hardenable Aluminum material, in which a process integrated Heat treatment is carried out.
- curable Aluminum materials such as Al-Mg-Cu, Al-Mg-Si, Al-Zn-Mg, Al-Cu-Mg or comparable alloys are preferred for Manufacture of cold-formed, especially deep-drawn Components used. Alloys that can be hardened with regard to the strengths achievable by the influence of heat special advantages. For example, in the area automotive components such as bonnets, doors etc., proven, that of an Al-Cu-Mg or Al-Mg-Si alloy have been produced. The firmness of these Components made of alloys can be, for example due to the effect when a stove enamel is applied Increase heat ("bake hardening").
- Such a method is, for example, in German Published patent application DE 196 19 034 A1.
- Heat treatment is preferably by means of an inductive one working heating device performed. With a such facility can be large in a relatively short time Apply heat to the material to be annealed.
- the production of the aluminum strip explained takes place in the Usually held in a rolling mill.
- the processor from which Aluminum material by cold forming the component to be manufactured is manufactured obtains aluminum strips or - from the rolling mill sheets. This material is then processed by the processor usually stored a certain time before it Cold forming is fed.
- the camp has the function a buffer that ensures that there is always a sufficient amount of material available for processing stands.
- a problem with the storage of curable materials the above-described type of aluminum strips produced consists in the fact that with tapes that are on leaving the Rolling mill is in the annealed and quenched state, this condition is not stable. So immediately after the End the heat treatment as "cold curing" designated process, in the course of which increasing Form lots of fine, metastable material phases, through which the deformability of the material is impaired. Therefore aluminum straps must be delivered within certain deadlines, for example after three months at the latest, but ideally within 14 days after the production of the Cold forming can be supplied. Harden after this time the tapes so strong that their trouble-free Further processing is no longer guaranteed. The limited Durability of the aluminum strips brings for the processor logistical problems and the danger that in the case of a Malfunction larger quantities of those kept in stock Aluminum strips become unusable.
- the invention has for its object a method for Manufacture of cold-formed components from curable Specify aluminum materials where the workability of the aluminum strip used regardless of the storage time is.
- the Invention before the heat treatment of the aluminum strips or Aluminum sheets only after storage shortly before cold forming perform. Since thus between the Heat treatment and cold forming are only minor Period of time, the process of cold curing can no longer use to a significant extent.
- the aluminum band or - This is how sheet metal is when it enters the Cold forming device in an optimal one for the deformation Structural state, in which there is a low yield strength, a has a favorable yield ratio and high elongation values.
- Another significant advantage of the invention is that the rolled aluminum strip is no longer required or sheet before it is stored in the processor's warehouse undergo an extensive annealing treatment. So can those required in the conventional approach Significant investments in the construction and the Operation of the continuous furnaces used for annealing saved become. Instead, small, compact and therefore inexpensive devices for heat treatment at Processors are set up. These devices can without any problems with regard to the respective heating task be optimized. The processor is doing this regardless of shelf life and can do so required aluminum strip or sheet at any time according to the consume actual demand. Capacity bottlenecks or insufficient utilization of the aluminum strip processing Devices or plates used can be avoided become.
- the method according to the invention is particularly suitable for Manufacture of components from aluminum strip or sheet, the a small width and a larger one in relation to the width Has thickness.
- Such tapes can be inexpensive manufacturable and operable devices effectively be heat treated, the respective Heating devices in contrast to conventional used continuous furnaces in a simple way to the special Task can be adapted.
- Another particular advantage of the invention is Connection with processing thicker, narrower Aluminum strips or sheets in that for heating of these strips or sheets used without facilities special effort can be designed so that a safe Warming through the respectively heated aluminum strip or sheet is guaranteed. This leads to a further improvement the quality of the thick strips or sheets manufactured end products.
- a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the heating during the annealing done inductively.
- Facilities where exposure of an electromagnetic field an inductive heating of the processed goods are carried out, enable the tape to be heated to the within a short time heat the required annealing temperature.
- Both the Duration and temperature development are precisely controlled be so that an optimal treatment result is achieved. For this reason, working inductively Heating devices especially for the heat treatment of narrow and thick bands or from such bands manufactured blanks where a proper Warming of the material is required, which in conventionally used continuous furnaces only under Difficulties to be guaranteed.
- An aluminum strip 1 produced from a hardenable alloy of small width and great thickness is in a rolling mill 2 in a conventional manner by rolling from a slab manufactured.
- the aluminum strip 1 reeled into coils 3 leaves the rolling mill 2, without a final one beforehand Heat treatment, such as solution annealing and quenching a continuous furnace.
- the coils 3 are sent to a processor 4, which is for example a plant for the production of Body components can act, delivered and in its warehouse 5 stored. From the warehouse 5, the coils 3 if necessary removed and transferred to a production line 6.
- the production line 6 comprises a decoiler 7, one Heat treatment device 8, a blanking press 9 and a multi-stage press 10.
- the Heat treatment device 8 is in the feed area 9a Blank press 9 arranged. It includes one here in the individual device 8a, not shown, for inductive heating and one also not shown in detail Quenching device 8b.
- In the heater 8a one that extends across the width of the material to be heated, Induction coil, not shown, arranged which is an electromagnetic Field generated that the heating of each in Area of action of the coil located goods.
- the coils 3 removed from the warehouse 5 are in the Decoiler 7 given. From this the uncoiled Aluminum strip 1 supplied to the heat treatment device 8.
- the one located in the heat treatment device 8 Section of aluminum strip 1 is initially for a short Time, for example 2 to 3 seconds, from the inductive working heater 8a to solution annealing temperature brought. Then the relevant one, to annealing temperature heated section of the aluminum strip 1 in the Quenching device 8b quenched.
- the one heat treated section of the aluminum strip 1 arrives then in the blanking press 9, which comes from the band Cuts 11 stamps.
- the blanks 11 are then the Multi-stage press 10 supplied.
- Fig. 2 In the process sequence shown in Fig. 2 comprises a Production line 20 a decoiler 21, a Heat treatment device 22, a blanking press 23 as well as several multi-stage presses 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29.
- the heat treatment device 22 is in the feed area 23a the blank press 23 arranged. Like the one in Fig. 1 shown heat treatment device 9 in here individual device 22a, not shown, for inductive Warm up and one also not shown in detail Quench 22b.
- the uncoiler 21 is a coil 30 wound, consisting of a hardenable alloy Given aluminum tape 31, which previously as with 1 in a rolling mill and has been stored in a warehouse by the processor.
- the aluminum strip 31 in the Heat treatment device 22 fed in which it from of the heating device 22a for a short time Solution annealing temperature warmed and then from the Quenching device 22b is quenched. That way heat treated, an optimal condition for cold forming having aluminum strip 31 then gets into the Blank stamping press 23, in which the aluminum strip 31 Blanks 33 are punched. From the blanking press 23 the blanks 33 reach the multi-stage presses 24-29, in which they are cold formed into multi-stage body components become.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Strip Materials And Filament Materials (AREA)
- Bipolar Transistors (AREA)
- Metal Rolling (AREA)
- Heat Treatments In General, Especially Conveying And Cooling (AREA)
- Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Herstellen von kaltumgeformten Bauteilen aus einem aushärtbarem Aluminiumwerkstoff, bei dem eine prozeßintegrierte Wärmebehandlung durchgeführt wird. Aushärtbare Aluminiumwerkstoffe, wie Al-Mg-Cu-, Al-Mg-Si-, Al-Zn-Mg-, Al-Cu-Mg- oder vergleichbare Legierungen, werden bevorzugt zur Herstellung von kaltumgeformten, insbesondere tiefgezogenen Bauteilen eingesetzt. Dabei weisen aushärtbare Legierungen hinsichtlich der durch Wärmeeinfluß erreichbaren Festigkeiten besondere Vorzüge auf. So haben sich beispielsweise im Bereich des Automobilbaus Karosserie-Bauteile, wie Motorhauben, Türen etc., bewährt, die aus einer Al-Cu-Mg- oder Al-Mg-Si-Legierung hergestellt worden sind. Die Festigkeit der aus diesen Legierungen hergestellten Bauteile läßt sich beispielsweise durch die beim Aufbringen einer Einbrennlackierung wirkende Wärme steigern ("bake hardening").The invention relates to a method for producing cold-formed components from a hardenable Aluminum material, in which a process integrated Heat treatment is carried out. curable Aluminum materials such as Al-Mg-Cu, Al-Mg-Si, Al-Zn-Mg, Al-Cu-Mg or comparable alloys are preferred for Manufacture of cold-formed, especially deep-drawn Components used. Alloys that can be hardened with regard to the strengths achievable by the influence of heat special advantages. For example, in the area automotive components such as bonnets, doors etc., proven, that of an Al-Cu-Mg or Al-Mg-Si alloy have been produced. The firmness of these Components made of alloys can be, for example due to the effect when a stove enamel is applied Increase heat ("bake hardening").
Üblicherweise wird zur Herstellung von kaltverformten Aluminium-Bauteilen ein Aluminiumband verwendet, welches durch aufeinander folgendes Warm- und Kaltwalzen einer gegossenen Aluminium-Bramme erzeugt worden ist. Abhängig vom jeweils vom Endverwender gewünschten Zustand des Aluminiumbandes wird dem Walzprozeß nachgeschaltet eine Wärmebehandlung durchgeführt, welche ein Glühen des Bandes im Durchlaufofen umfaßt. Usually is used for the production of cold-formed Aluminum components used an aluminum band, which by successive hot and cold rolling of a cast Aluminum slab has been produced. Depending on the End user desired condition of the aluminum strip is the Followed by a heat treatment, which comprises annealing the ribbon in the continuous furnace.
Ein derartiges Verfahren ist beispielsweise in der deutschen Offenlegungsschrift DE 196 19 034 A1 beschrieben worden. Bei diesem bekannten Verfahren wird das Aluminiumband vor seiner Umformung zu einem Bauteil weichgeglüht, um die Umformbarkeit des Aluminiummaterials zu verbessern. Die betreffende Wärmebehandlung wird dabei vorzugsweise mittels einer induktiv arbeitenden Erwärmungseinrichtung durchgeführt. Mit einer solchen Einrichtung lassen sich in relativ kurzer Zeit große Wärmemengen in das zu glühende Material einbringen.Such a method is, for example, in German Published patent application DE 196 19 034 A1. at this known method, the aluminum strip before its Forming into a component annealed to ensure formability to improve the aluminum material. The person in question Heat treatment is preferably by means of an inductive one working heating device performed. With a such facility can be large in a relatively short time Apply heat to the material to be annealed.
Im Zusammenhang mit der Verarbeitung von nicht aushärtbaren Aluminium-Legierungen ist es aus der deutschen Auslegeschrift DE AS 1 087 815 ebenso bekannt, aus dem betreffenden Aluminiumband zugeschnittene Ronden weichzuglühen, bevor sie zu Formkörpern umgeformt werden.In connection with the processing of non-curable It is aluminum alloys from the German layout DE AS 1 087 815 is also known from the subject Aluminum strip cut blanks soft anneal before closing Shaped bodies are formed.
Die verschiedenen Lieferzustände von Aluminiumbändern sind beispielsweise in Aluminium-Zentrale: Aluminium-Taschenbuch, Aluminium-Verlag Düsseldorf, 1974, S. 989 ff, angegeben.The different delivery conditions of aluminum strips are for example in aluminum headquarters: aluminum paperback, Aluminum-Verlag Düsseldorf, 1974, p. 989 ff.
Die zur Durchführung gattungsgemäßer Verfahren zur Herstellung von Bauteilen aus aushärtbaren Aluminium-Legierungen eingesetzten Durchlauföfen müssen so ausgelegt sein, daß in ihnen Bänder unterschiedlichster Breite und Dicke geglüht werden können. Dies bringt einerseits hohe Investitionskosten bei der Errichtung und dem Betrieb derartiger Öfen mit sich. Andererseits stellt sich in der Praxis das Problem, nicht nur breite, dünne Bänder zu glühen, sondern auch schmale Bänder mit einer größeren Dicke. Dies macht es schwierig, einen Durchlaufofen unter Berücksichtigung der erwünschten Kapazitätsauslastungen so auszulegen, daß er jeder Erwärmungsaufgabe gerecht wird.The method for the implementation of the generic method of components made of hardenable aluminum alloys Continuous furnaces used must be designed so that in strips of different widths and thicknesses are annealed to them can be. On the one hand, this brings high investment costs in the construction and operation of such stoves. On the other hand, the problem arises in practice, and not only wide, thin ribbons to glow, but also narrow ribbons with a greater thickness. This makes it difficult to find one Continuous furnace considering the desired Capacity utilization should be interpreted so that everyone Heating task.
Die erläuterte Herstellung des Aluminiumbands findet in der Regel in einem Walzwerk statt. Der Verarbeiter, bei dem aus dem Aluminiummaterial durch Kaltumformen das herzustellende Bauteil gefertigt wird, bezieht von dem Walzwerk Aluminiumbänder oder - bleche. Anschließend wird dieses Material beim Verarbeiter in der Regel eine gewisse Zeit gelagert, bevor es der Kaltumformung zugeführt wird. Das Lager hat dabei die Funktion eines Puffers, durch den sichergestellt ist, daß stets eine ausreichende Materialmenge für die Verarbeitung zur Verfügung steht.The production of the aluminum strip explained takes place in the Usually held in a rolling mill. The processor from which Aluminum material by cold forming the component to be manufactured is manufactured, obtains aluminum strips or - from the rolling mill sheets. This material is then processed by the processor usually stored a certain time before it Cold forming is fed. The camp has the function a buffer that ensures that there is always a sufficient amount of material available for processing stands.
Ein Problem bei der Lagerung von aus aushärtbaren Werkstoffen der voranstehend erläuterten Art hergestellten Aluminiumbändern besteht darin, daß bei Bändern, die sich beim Verlassen des Walzwerks im geglühten und abgeschreckten Zustand befinden, dieser Zustand nicht stabil ist. So setzt unmittelbar nach dem Beenden der Wärmebehandlung ein als "Kaltaushärtung" bezeichneter Prozeß ein, im Zuge dessen sich in zunehmenden Mengen feine, metastabile Werkstoff-Phasen bilden, durch welche die Verformbarkeit des Werkstoffs beeinträchtigt wird. Daher müssen Aluminiumbänder innerhalb bestimmter Fristen, beispielsweise spätestens nach drei Monaten, idealerweise aber schon innerhalb von 14 Tagen, nach ihrer Herstellung der Kaltumformung zugeführt werden. Nach Ablauf dieser Zeit härten die Bänder so stark aus, daß ihre störungsfreie Weiterverarbeitung nicht mehr gewährleistet ist. Die begrenzte Haltbarkeit der Aluminiumbänder bringt für den Verarbeiter logistische Probleme und die Gefahr mit sich, daß im Fall einer Betriebsstörung größere Mengen der auf Vorrat gehaltenen Aluminiumbänder unbrauchbar werden.A problem with the storage of curable materials the above-described type of aluminum strips produced consists in the fact that with tapes that are on leaving the Rolling mill is in the annealed and quenched state, this condition is not stable. So immediately after the End the heat treatment as "cold curing" designated process, in the course of which increasing Form lots of fine, metastable material phases, through which the deformability of the material is impaired. Therefore aluminum straps must be delivered within certain deadlines, for example after three months at the latest, but ideally within 14 days after the production of the Cold forming can be supplied. Harden after this time the tapes so strong that their trouble-free Further processing is no longer guaranteed. The limited Durability of the aluminum strips brings for the processor logistical problems and the danger that in the case of a Malfunction larger quantities of those kept in stock Aluminum strips become unusable.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von kaltumgeformten Bauteilen aus aushärtbaren Aluminiumwerkstoffen anzugeben, bei dem die Verarbeitbarkeit des verwendeten Aluminiumbandes unabhängig von der Lagerzeit ist. The invention has for its object a method for Manufacture of cold-formed components from curable Specify aluminum materials where the workability of the aluminum strip used regardless of the storage time is.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch ein Verfahren zum Herstellen von kaltumgeformten Bauteilen aus einem aushärtbarem Aluminiumwerkstoff gelöst, welches folgende Schritte umfaßt:
- Erzeugen eines Aluminiumbandes oder -blech,
- Zwischenlagern des Aluminiumbandes oder -blech,
- Wärmebehandeln des Aluminiumbandes oder -blech,
- Kaltumformen des Aluminiumbandes oder -blech,
- Producing an aluminum strip or sheet,
- Intermediate storage of the aluminum strip or sheet,
- Heat treating the aluminum strip or sheet,
- Cold forming of the aluminum strip or sheet,
Im Unterschied zur herkömmlichen Vorgehensweise sieht die Erfindung vor, die Wärmebehandlung der Aluminiumbänder oder Aluminiumbleche erst nach dem Lagern kurz vor der Kaltumformung durchzuführen. Da damit erfindungsgemäß zwischen der Wärmebehandlung und der Kaltumformung nur eine geringe Zeitspanne liegt, kann der Prozeß der Kaltaushärtung nicht mehr in nennenswertem Umfang einsetzen. Das Aluminiumband oder - blech befindet sich auf diese Weise bei seinem Eintritt in die Kaltumformvorrichtung in einem für die Verformung optimalen Gefügezustand, in welchem es eine niedrige Streckgrenze, ein günstiges Streckgrenzenverhältnis und hohe Dehnwerte aufweist.In contrast to the conventional approach, the Invention before, the heat treatment of the aluminum strips or Aluminum sheets only after storage shortly before cold forming perform. Since thus between the Heat treatment and cold forming are only minor Period of time, the process of cold curing can no longer use to a significant extent. The aluminum band or - This is how sheet metal is when it enters the Cold forming device in an optimal one for the deformation Structural state, in which there is a low yield strength, a has a favorable yield ratio and high elongation values.
Ein weiterer wesentlicher Vorteil der Erfindung besteht darin, daß es nicht mehr erforderlich ist, das gewalzte Aluminiumband oder -blech vor seiner Einlagerung im Lager des Verarbeiters einer umfangreichen Glühbehandlung zu unterziehen. So können die bei herkömmlicher Vorgehensweise erforderlichen Investitionen erheblicher Höhe für die Errichtung und den Betrieb der zum Glühen eingesetzten Durchlauföfen eingespart werden. Statt dessen können kleine, kompakte und damit preisgünstige Vorrichtungen zur Wärmebehandlung beim Verarbeiter aufgestellt werden. Diese Vorrichtungen können problemlos im Hinblick auf die jeweilige Erwärmungsaufgabe optimiert werden. Der Verarbeiter wird auf diese Weise unabhängig von Haltbarkeitsfristen und kann das jeweils benötigte Aluminiumband oder -blech jederzeit entsprechend dem tatsächlichen Bedarf verbrauchen. Kapazitätsengpässe oder mangelnde Auslastung der zur Verarbeitung der Aluminiumbänder oder -bleche eingesetzten Vorrichtungen können vermieden werden.Another significant advantage of the invention is that the rolled aluminum strip is no longer required or sheet before it is stored in the processor's warehouse undergo an extensive annealing treatment. So can those required in the conventional approach Significant investments in the construction and the Operation of the continuous furnaces used for annealing saved become. Instead, small, compact and therefore inexpensive devices for heat treatment at Processors are set up. These devices can without any problems with regard to the respective heating task be optimized. The processor is doing this regardless of shelf life and can do so required aluminum strip or sheet at any time according to the consume actual demand. Capacity bottlenecks or insufficient utilization of the aluminum strip processing Devices or plates used can be avoided become.
Gleichzeitig steht für die Herstellung der Endprodukte ein Ausgangsmaterial zur Verfügung, welches sich hinsichtlich seiner Verarbeitbarkeit in einem optimalen Zustand befindet. Auf diese Weise werden durch das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren bei der Verarbeitung von Aluminiumbändern oder Aluminiumblechen nicht nur die Investitions- und Betriebskosten vermindert und Auslastungseffizienz erheblich verbessert, sondern auch die Qualität der hergestellten Produkte.At the same time stands for the production of the end products Starting material available, which regarding its processability is in optimal condition. In this way, by the method according to the invention processing of aluminum strips or aluminum sheets not only reduces investment and operating costs and Utilization efficiency significantly improved, but also that Quality of the products manufactured.
Besonders geeignet ist das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zur
Herstellung von Bauteilen aus Aluminiumband oder -blech, das
eine geringe Breite und eine im Verhältnis zur Breite größere
Dicke aufweist. Gerade derartige Bänder können in kostengünstig
herstell- und betreibbaren Vorrichtungen effektiv
wärmebehandelt werden, wobei die jeweiligen
Erwärmungsvorrichtungen im Unterschied zu herkömmlicherweise
eingesetzten Durchlauföfen auf einfache Weise an die spezielle
Aufgabenstellung angepaßt sein können. Dies führt dazu, daß die
erfindungsgemäße Vorgehensweise insbesondere bei der
Verarbeitung schmaler, dicker Bänder oder Bleche besonders
deutliche Kostenvorteile gegenüber der herkömmlichen
Herstellung derartiger Aluminiumbänder oder -bleche besitzt. So
lassen sich mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren bevorzugt
Bänder mit einer Breite bis zu 1000 mm und einer Dicke über
3 mm verarbeiten.The method according to the invention is particularly suitable for
Manufacture of components from aluminum strip or sheet, the
a small width and a larger one in relation to the width
Has thickness. Such tapes can be inexpensive
manufacturable and operable devices effectively
be heat treated, the respective
Heating devices in contrast to conventional
used continuous furnaces in a simple way to the special
Task can be adapted. This leads to the fact that
Procedure according to the invention in particular in the
Processing of narrow, thick strips or sheets in particular
significant cost advantages over the conventional
Manufacture of such aluminum strips or sheets. So
can be preferred with the inventive method
Tapes with a width up to 1000 mm and a thickness over
Ein weiterer besonderer Vorteil der Erfindung besteht im Zusammenhang mit der Verarbeitung dicker, schmaler Aluminiumbänder oder -bleche darin, daß die für die Erwärmung dieser Bänder oder Bleche eingesetzten Einrichtungen ohne besonderen Aufwand so ausgelegt werden können, daß eine sichere Durchwärmung des jeweils erwärmten Aluminiumbandes oder -blechs gewährleistet ist. Dies führt zu einer weiteren Verbesserung der Qualität der aus den dicken Bändern oder Blechen hergestellten Endprodukte.Another particular advantage of the invention is Connection with processing thicker, narrower Aluminum strips or sheets in that for heating of these strips or sheets used without facilities special effort can be designed so that a safe Warming through the respectively heated aluminum strip or sheet is guaranteed. This leads to a further improvement the quality of the thick strips or sheets manufactured end products.
Eine besonders vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Erwärmung während des Glühens induktiv erfolgt. Einrichtungen, in denen durch Einwirkung eines elektromagnetischen Feldes eine induktive Erwärmung des jeweils verarbeiteten Guts durchgeführt wird, ermöglichen es, das zu erwärmende Band innerhalb kurzer Zeit auf die erforderliche Glühtemperatur zu erwärmen. Dabei kann sowohl die Dauer als auch die Temperaturentwicklung exakt gesteuert werden, so daß ein optimales Behandlungsergebnis erreicht wird. Aus diesem Grund eignen sich induktiv arbeitende Erwärmungseinrichtungen besonders zur Wärmebehandlung von schmalen und dicken Bändern oder aus solchen Bändern hergestellten Zuschnitten, bei denen eine ordnungsgemäße Durchwärmung des Materials erforderlich ist, welche in herkömmlicherweise eingesetzten Durchlauföfen nur unter Schwierigkeiten zu gewährleisten ist.A particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the heating during the annealing done inductively. Facilities where exposure of an electromagnetic field an inductive heating of the processed goods are carried out, enable the tape to be heated to the within a short time heat the required annealing temperature. Both the Duration and temperature development are precisely controlled be so that an optimal treatment result is achieved. For this reason, working inductively Heating devices especially for the heat treatment of narrow and thick bands or from such bands manufactured blanks where a proper Warming of the material is required, which in conventionally used continuous furnaces only under Difficulties to be guaranteed.
Selbstverständlich ist es ebenso denkbar, die Bänder vor der Kaltumformung beispielsweise in mit Gas oder anderen Energieträgern betriebenen Öfen zu erwärmen. Dies ist beispielsweise dann angezeigt, wenn die baulichen Verhältnisse eine Montage der für die induktive Erwärmung erforderlichen Bauteile, wie Spulen, Umrichter etc., schwierig macht.Of course, it is also conceivable to put the tapes in front of the Cold forming, for example in gas or other To heat energy-operated furnaces. This is displayed, for example, when the structural conditions an assembly of the necessary for inductive heating Components, such as coils, converters, etc., makes difficult.
Bei vielen Anwendungen ist es zweckmäßig, das Aluminiumband zu Zuschnitten zu konfektionieren, bevor es der Kaltumformung zugeführt wird. In einem solchen Fall ist es günstig, wenn die Konfektion an zentraler Stelle erfolgt, von der aus die Zuschnitte an die Einrichtungen zur Kaltumformung weitergeleitet werden, und wenn die Wärmebehandlung des Aluminiumbandes unmittelbar vor dem Eintritt in die Konfektionier-Einrichtung durchgeführt wird. Durch diese Maßnahme kann der Aufwand für die Wärmebehandlung vermindert werden. Gleichzeitig ist die zwischen dem Zuschneiden und dem Kaltumformen vergehende Zeit so kurz, daß die in dieser Zeit sich einstellende, unerwünschte Kaltaushärtung nur ein geringes Ausmaß erreicht und auf das Ergebnis der Kaltumformung keinen nennenswerten Einfluß hat.In many applications it is advisable to close the aluminum strip Cut to size before it is cold formed is fed. In such a case, it is beneficial if the Ready-made at a central point from which the Cuts to the cold forming equipment be forwarded and if the heat treatment of the Aluminum strip immediately before entering the Assembly facility is carried out. Through this Measure can reduce the effort for heat treatment become. At the same time it is between cutting and cutting Cold forming time so short that in that time the undesired cold curing that occurs is only slight Extent reached and on the result of the cold forming none has significant influence.
Um die zwischen der Wärmebehandlung und der Kaltumformung vergehende Zeit zu minimieren, ist es gemäß einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der Erfindung günstig, wenn die Wärmebehandlung im Einzugsbereich der für das Kaltumformen verwendeten Einrichtung erfolgt. Bei dieser Vorgehensweise ist gewährleistet, daß das Aluminiumband bzw. der daraus hergestellte Zuschnitt im für die Weiterverarbeitung bestmöglichen Zustand in die Kaltumformung gelangt. Besonders geeignet für die Verwirklichung dieser Maßnahmen sind dabei aufgrund ihrer geringen Baugröße induktiv arbeitende Erwärmungseinrichtungen.The difference between heat treatment and cold forming To minimize passing time, it is according to another Embodiment of the invention favorable when the heat treatment in the catchment area used for cold forming Setup is done. With this procedure is ensures that the aluminum strip or from it manufactured blank in for further processing in the best possible condition into cold forming. Especially are suitable for the implementation of these measures due to their small size working inductively Heating devices.
Nachfolgend wird die Erfindung anhand einer zwei Ausführungsbeispiele darstellenden Zeichnung näher erläutert. Es zeigen in schematischer Darstellung:
- Fig. 1
- einen Verfahrensablauf bei der Herstellung eines tiefgezogenen Bauteils;
- Fig. 2
- einen Verfahrensablauf bei gleichzeitiger Herstellung mehrerer tiefgezogener Bauteile auf verschiedenen Mehrstufenpressen.
- Fig. 1
- a process flow in the manufacture of a deep-drawn component;
- Fig. 2
- a process sequence with the simultaneous production of several deep-drawn components on different multi-stage presses.
Ein aus einer aushärtbaren Legierung erzeugtes Aluminiumband 1
von geringer Breite und großer Dicke wird in einem Walzwerk 2
in herkömmlicher Weise durch Walzen aus einer Bramme
hergestellt. Das zu Coils 3 gehaspelte Aluminiumband 1 verläßt
das Walzwerk 2, ohne zuvor einer abschließenden
Wärmebehandlung, wie einem Lösungsglühen und Abschrecken in
einem Durchlaufofen, unterzogen worden zu sein.An
Die Coils 3 werden an einen Verarbeiter 4, bei dem es sich
beispielsweise um ein Werk zur Herstellung von
Karosseriebauteilen handeln kann, geliefert und in dessen Lager
5 eingelagert. Aus dem Lager 5 werden die Coils 3 bei Bedarf
entnommen und in eine Fertigungslinie 6 überführt.The
Die Fertigungslinie 6 umfaßt eine Abhaspeleinrichtung 7, eine
Wärmebehandlungseinrichtung 8, eine Platinenstanzpresse 9 und
eine Mehrstufenpresse 10. Als Einrichtungen zum Kaltumformen
kommen u.a. neben Mehrstufenpressen, d.h. Umformpressen, z.B.
auch Rollprofilieranlagen in Frage. Die
Wärmebehandlungseinrichtung 8 ist im Einzugsbereich 9a der
Platinenstanzpresse 9 angeordnet. Sie umfaßt eine hier im
einzelnen nicht gezeigte Einrichtung 8a zum induktiven Erwärmen
und eine ebenfalls nicht im einzelnen dargestellte
Abschreckeinrichtung 8b. In der Erwärmungseinrichtung 8a ist
eine sich über die Breite des zu erwärmenden Guts erstreckende,
nicht gezeigte Induktionsspule angeordnet, die ein elektromagnetisches
Feld erzeugt, daß die Erwärmung des jeweils im
Wirkungsbereich der Spule sich befindenden Guts bewirkt.The
Die aus dem Lager 5 entnommenen Coils 3 werden in die
Abhaspeleinrichtung 7 gegeben. Von dieser wird das abgehaspelte
Aluminiumband 1 der Wärmebehandlungseinrichtung 8 zugeführt.
Der sich in der Wärmebehandlungseinrichtung 8 befindende
Abschnitt des Aluminiumbandes 1 wird zunächst für eine kurze
Zeit, beispielsweise 2 bis 3 Sekunden, von der induktiv
arbeitenden Erwärmungseinrichtung 8a auf Lösungsglühtemperatur
gebracht. Anschließend wird der betreffende, auf Glühtemperatur
erwärmte Abschnitt des Aluminiumbandes 1 in der
Abschreckeinrichtung 8b abgeschreckt. Der derart
wärmebehandelte Abschnitt des Aluminiumbandes 1 gelangt
anschließend in die Platinenstanzpresse 9, welche aus dem Band
Zuschnitte 11 stanzt. Die Zuschnitte 11 werden dann der
Mehrstufenpresse 10 zugeführt.The
In der Mehrstufenpresse 10 werden die geglühten und
abgeschreckten Zuschnitte 11 zu Karosseriebauteilen 12
kaltumgeformt. Aufgrund des geringen räumlichen Abstands
zwischen der Wärmebehandlungseinrichtung 8, der
Platinenestanzpresse 9 und der Mehrstufenpresse 10 ist die
zwischen der Wärmebehandlung und der Kaltumformung in der
Mehrstufenpresse 10 vergehende Zeit kurz. Daher besitzen die
Zuschnitte 11 bei ihrem Eintritt in die Mehrstufenpresse 10
einen hinsichtlich ihrer Umformbarkeit optimalen Gefügezustand.In the
Bei dem in Fig. 2 dargestellten Verfahrensablauf umfaßt eine
Fertigungslinie 20 eine Abhaspeleinrichtung 21, eine
Wärmebehandlungseinrichtung 22, eine Platinenstanzpresse 23
sowie mehrere Mehrstufenpressen 24,25,26,27,28,29.In the process sequence shown in Fig. 2 comprises a
Production line 20 a
Die Wärmebehandlungseinrichtung 22 ist im Einzugsbereich 23a
der Platinenstanzpresse 23 angeordnet. Sie umfaßt wie die in
Fig. 1 dargestellte Wärmebehandlungseinrichtung 9 eine hier im
einzelnen nicht gezeigte Einrichtung 22a zum induktiven
Erwärmen und eine ebenfalls nicht im einzelnen dargestellte
Abschreckeinrichtung 22b.The
In die Abhaspeleinrichtung 21 wird ein zu einem Coil 30
gewickeltes, aus einer aushärtbaren Legierung bestehendes
Aluminiumband 31 gegeben, welches zuvor wie beim
Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß Fig. 1 in einem Walzwerk hergestellt
und beim Verarbeiter in einem Lager gelagert worden ist. Von
der Abhaspeleinrichtung 21 wird das Aluminiumband 31 in die
Wärmebehandlungseinrichtung 22 eingespeist, in welcher es von
der Erwärmungseinrichtung 22a kurzzeitig auf
Lösungsglühtemperatur erwärmt und anschließend von der
Abschreckeinrichtung 22b abgeschreckt wird. Das derart
wärmebehandelte, einen für die Kaltumformung optimalen Zustand
aufweisende Aluminiumband 31 gelangt dann in die
Platinenstanzpresse 23, in welcher aus dem Aluminiumband 31
Zuschnitte 33 gestanzt werden. Von der Platinenstanzpresse 23
gelangen die Zuschnitte 33 zu den Mehrstufenpressen 24 - 29, in
denen sie zu Karosseriebauteilen mehrstufig kaltumgeformt
werden. In the
- 11
- Aluminiumbandaluminum tape
- 22
- Walzwerkrolling mill
- 33
- Coilscoils
- 44
- Verarbeiterprocessors
- 55
- Lagercamp
- 66
- Fertigungslinieproduction line
- 77
- AbhaspeleinrichtungAbhaspeleinrichtung
- 88th
- WärmebehandlungseinrichtungHeat treatment facility
- 8a8a
- Einrichtung zum induktiven ErwärmenDevice for inductive heating
- 8b8b
- Abschreckeinrichtungquenching
- 99
- PlatinenstanzpressePlatinum punch press
- 1010
- MehrstufenpresseMultistage press
- 10a10a
-
Einzugsbereich der Mehrstufenpresse 10Feed range of the
multi-stage press 10 - 1111
- Zuschnitteblanks
- 1212
- Karosseriebauteilbody component
- 2020
- Fertigungslinieproduction line
- 2121
- AbhaspeleinrichtungAbhaspeleinrichtung
- 2222
- WärmebehandlungseinrichtungHeat treatment facility
- 22a22a
- Einrichtung zum induktiven ErwärmenDevice for inductive heating
- 22b22b
- Abschreckeinrichtungquenching
- 2323
- PlatinenstanzpressePlatinum punch press
- 23a23a
-
Einzugsbereich der Platinenstanzpresse 23Feed area of the
blank press 23 - 24,25,26,27,28,2924,25,26,27,28,29
- MehrstufenpressenMulti-station presses
- 3030
- Coilcoil
- 3131
- Aluminiumbandaluminum tape
- 3333
- Zuschnitteblanks
Claims (9)
- A method of producing cold-formed components (12) from a heat treatable aluminum material, comprising the following steps:wherein the heat treatment occurs at a time close to the cold forming.producing an aluminum strip (1) or sheet,intermediate storing the aluminum strip (1) or sheet,heat treating the aluminum strip (1) or sheet,cold forming the aluminum strip (1) or sheet,
- The method according to Claim 1,
characterized in that the heat treatment includes annealing and quenching of the aluminum strip (1) or sheet. - The method according to Claim 2,
characterized in that the heating during the annealing is performed inductively. - The method according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that the aluminum strip (1) or sheet is tailored into blanks (11) before it is furnished to the cold forming. - The method according to Claim 4,
characterized in that the blanks (11) are tailored before the heat treatment. - The method according to Claim 4,
characterized in that the tailoring is performed at a central location, from which the blanks (11) are relayed to the devices for cold forming, and the heat treatment of the aluminum strip (1) or sheet is performed immediately before the entrance into the tailoring device (8). - The method according to one of Claims 1 to 5,
characterized in that the heat treatment is performed in the entering region of the device (10) used for the cold forming. - The method according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that the aluminum strip (1) or sheet has a width of up to 1000 mm. - The method according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that the aluminum strip (1) or sheet has a thickness of over 3 mm.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19926229 | 1999-06-10 | ||
| DE19926229A DE19926229C1 (en) | 1999-06-10 | 1999-06-10 | Process for in-process heat treatment |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1059363A1 EP1059363A1 (en) | 2000-12-13 |
| EP1059363B1 true EP1059363B1 (en) | 2003-08-27 |
| EP1059363B2 EP1059363B2 (en) | 2010-11-03 |
Family
ID=7910639
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP00112192A Expired - Lifetime EP1059363B2 (en) | 1999-06-10 | 2000-06-07 | Method for process integrated heat treatment |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1059363B2 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE248239T1 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE19926229C1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2204400T5 (en) |
| PT (1) | PT1059363E (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2797454B1 (en) | 1999-08-12 | 2001-08-31 | Pechiney Rhenalu | ALUMINUM ALLOY STRIP OR TUBE FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF ARMED HEAT EXCHANGERS |
| DE102006006849A1 (en) * | 2006-02-15 | 2007-08-16 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag | Method for age hardening highly alloyed non-ferrous metals e.g. crankcase comprises carrying out inductive solution annealing with subsequent quenching |
| EP2248926A1 (en) * | 2009-04-17 | 2010-11-10 | voestalpine Automotive GmbH | Method for producing a stamped part |
| DE102011103269A1 (en) | 2011-05-26 | 2012-11-29 | Thyssenkrupp System Engineering Gmbh | Annealing apparatus and method of annealing metal plates |
Family Cites Families (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1087815B (en) * | 1952-09-22 | 1960-08-25 | Osnabruecker Kupfer Und Draht | Process for the production of texture-free deep-drawing material from aluminum |
| US3135633A (en) † | 1959-09-08 | 1964-06-02 | Duralumin | Heat treatment process improving the mechanical properties of aluminiummagnesium-silicon alloys |
| US4077813A (en) † | 1976-07-26 | 1978-03-07 | Nasa | Method of producing complex aluminum alloy parts of high temper, and products thereof |
| WO1987002712A1 (en) * | 1985-11-04 | 1987-05-07 | Aluminum Company Of America | Aluminum alloy vehicular member |
| DE3728041A1 (en) † | 1987-08-22 | 1989-03-02 | Messer Griesheim Gmbh | Method for the production of bent parts from pre-hardened metals by cold forming |
| BR9103666A (en) † | 1990-08-27 | 1992-05-19 | Aluminum Co Of America | METHOD OF PRODUCTION OF AN ALUMINUM-BASED ALLOY LEAF PRODUCT AND PRODUCT MADE BY SUCH METHOD |
| US5496426A (en) † | 1994-07-20 | 1996-03-05 | Aluminum Company Of America | Aluminum alloy product having good combinations of mechanical and corrosion resistance properties and formability and process for producing such product |
| ATE198915T1 (en) * | 1994-09-06 | 2001-02-15 | Alcan Int Ltd | HEAT TREATMENT PROCESS FOR ALUMINUM ALLOY SHEET |
| AU5664796A (en) † | 1995-05-11 | 1996-11-29 | Kaiser Aluminum & Chemical Corporation | Improved damage tolerant aluminum 6xxx alloy |
| DE19619034C2 (en) * | 1995-07-18 | 1998-01-22 | Mannesmann Ag | Process for improving the formability in the production of components from light metal strip |
| EP0848073B1 (en) † | 1996-12-16 | 2002-05-08 | Corus Aluminium Walzprodukte GmbH | Stress relieving of an age hardenable aluminium alloy product |
| US5948185A (en) † | 1997-05-01 | 1999-09-07 | General Motors Corporation | Method for improving the hemmability of age-hardenable aluminum sheet |
| US6033499A (en) † | 1998-10-09 | 2000-03-07 | General Motors Corporation | Process for stretch forming age-hardened aluminum alloy sheets |
| FR2792001B1 (en) † | 1999-04-12 | 2001-05-18 | Pechiney Rhenalu | PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING TYPE 2024 ALUMINUM ALLOY SHAPED PARTS |
-
1999
- 1999-06-10 DE DE19926229A patent/DE19926229C1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2000
- 2000-06-07 AT AT00112192T patent/ATE248239T1/en active
- 2000-06-07 DE DE50003417T patent/DE50003417D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-06-07 EP EP00112192A patent/EP1059363B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-06-07 PT PT00112192T patent/PT1059363E/en unknown
- 2000-06-07 ES ES00112192T patent/ES2204400T5/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE19926229C1 (en) | 2001-02-15 |
| ES2204400T3 (en) | 2004-05-01 |
| ES2204400T5 (en) | 2011-03-22 |
| EP1059363A1 (en) | 2000-12-13 |
| ATE248239T1 (en) | 2003-09-15 |
| DE50003417D1 (en) | 2003-10-02 |
| PT1059363E (en) | 2003-12-31 |
| EP1059363B2 (en) | 2010-11-03 |
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