EP1054842A1 - Method and device for making a glass yarn - Google Patents

Method and device for making a glass yarn

Info

Publication number
EP1054842A1
EP1054842A1 EP99902640A EP99902640A EP1054842A1 EP 1054842 A1 EP1054842 A1 EP 1054842A1 EP 99902640 A EP99902640 A EP 99902640A EP 99902640 A EP99902640 A EP 99902640A EP 1054842 A1 EP1054842 A1 EP 1054842A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
die
filaments
underside
glass
wall
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP99902640A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1054842B1 (en
Inventor
Eric Huet
Massimo Riva
Jean-Pierre Renaudin
Pierre Deleplace
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Saint Gobain Adfors SAS
Original Assignee
Vetrotex France SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Vetrotex France SA filed Critical Vetrotex France SA
Publication of EP1054842A1 publication Critical patent/EP1054842A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1054842B1 publication Critical patent/EP1054842B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B37/00—Manufacture or treatment of flakes, fibres, or filaments from softened glass, minerals, or slags
    • C03B37/01—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments
    • C03B37/02—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments by drawing or extruding, e.g. direct drawing of molten glass from nozzles; Cooling fins therefor
    • C03B37/0216—Solving the problem of disruption of drawn fibre, e.g. breakage, start-up, shut-down procedures
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B37/00—Manufacture or treatment of flakes, fibres, or filaments from softened glass, minerals, or slags
    • C03B37/01—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments
    • C03B37/02—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments by drawing or extruding, e.g. direct drawing of molten glass from nozzles; Cooling fins therefor
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B37/00—Manufacture or treatment of flakes, fibres, or filaments from softened glass, minerals, or slags
    • C03B37/01—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments
    • C03B37/02—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments by drawing or extruding, e.g. direct drawing of molten glass from nozzles; Cooling fins therefor
    • C03B37/03—Drawing means, e.g. drawing drums ; Traction or tensioning devices
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C25/00—Surface treatment of fibres or filaments made from glass, minerals or slags
    • C03C25/10—Coating
    • C03C25/12—General methods of coating; Devices therefor
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
    • Y02P40/50—Glass production, e.g. reusing waste heat during processing or shaping
    • Y02P40/57—Improving the yield, e-g- reduction of reject rates

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for manufacturing at least one glass strand, in which N glass filaments are stretched from N orifices opening out from the underside of the same die, the N orifices being distributed in at minus two groups.
  • the invention will be more particularly described for an application of the process for manufacturing glass wires cut directly under a die, but it is not however limited to such an application.
  • One aspect of this objective is the permanent search for obtaining the maximum quantity of glass strands from a given fiberizing configuration, that is to say the assembly consisting of a die and its associated equipment. .
  • channels have been designed with an increased number of orifices.
  • dies with more than 4,000 orifices ...
  • breaks in all of the stretched glass filaments more and more frequent, due in particular to the inhomogeneities of the glass at the bottom of the die.
  • the invention therefore sets itself the aim of controlling the breakage of all of the glass filaments drawn from the same die, avoiding, at the very least by limiting, the spread (s) of a or several breaks of one or more filaments in said assembly.
  • This object is achieved according to the invention by a method of manufacturing at least one glass strand, in which N glass filaments are stretched from N orifices opening out from the underside of the same die, the N orifices being divided into at least two groups characterized in that a permanent separation is established between the layers of filaments from each of said groups.
  • the separation is established by means of a screen substantially perpendicular to the underside of said die.
  • the means used to control the air currents induced by the drawn filaments do not have to be modified.
  • the number N is equal to at least 800 and each separate layer of filaments comprises at least 400 filaments.
  • the invention also relates to a device for implementing the method defined above.
  • This device is remarkable in that it 4 includes:
  • At least one die the lower face of which is provided with N orifices distributed in at least two groups,
  • the device described above comprises a coating device, preferably comprising a single roller, supplied with primer or size.
  • the layers of filaments overlap in primer or size.
  • the coating device comprises at least two covers movable with respect to each other, advantageously around an axis substantially parallel to the axis of the coating device, and covering in the folded position at least in part said coating device.
  • the lower part of at least one of said covers comprises at least one edge oblique to the axis of the coating device.
  • This particular shape makes it possible to discard a layer of filaments to be revived from another located immediately nearby.
  • the permanent separation is carried out by means of at least one air blowing.
  • the permanent separation is carried out by means of at least one water flow.
  • the air blowing means and / or the water flow means advantageously comprise (s) 5 minus a slot through which a curtain of air and / or continuous water (s) flows (s) in a direction substantially perpendicular to the underside of the die.
  • the slot is located near the underside of the die.
  • the permanent separation is carried out by means of at least one screen substantially perpendicular to the underside of the die.
  • the screen comprises at least one wall.
  • This wall can be fixed, preferably by screwing, to a hooking support located near the underside of the die.
  • the hanging support can be adjustable in height, so that the distance separating it from the underside of the die is between 0 and 20 mm.
  • the wall comprises a cooling system preferably with water, which, if necessary, completes the role of the cooling fins arranged between the rows of orifices, in particular those located immediately in the vicinity of the wall.
  • a cooling system preferably with water, which, if necessary, completes the role of the cooling fins arranged between the rows of orifices, in particular those located immediately in the vicinity of the wall.
  • the wall it is preferable for the wall to have at least two plates fixed to each other in the extension of the other, in particular when it is advisable to have a long wall length.
  • the wall can extend at least to the coating device. In this way, a physical separation is ensured between the layers of filaments over most of their height to avoid the propagation of breakages from one layer to another at the sizing system, by winding the filaments on the sizing roller.
  • At least one of the faces of the wall comprises means for preventing the adhesion of one or more glass filaments to said face. Such sticking can be detrimental. Indeed, when a breakage occurs, the flow of glass filaments through the group of the sector concerned by this breakage is reduced since the only force 6 remaining drive is gravity.
  • the glass no longer flows freely vertically but tends to be distributed horizontally between the nipples (fillings) and / or to form marriages between the glass drops from the neighboring orifices, thus making recovery more difficult and longer.
  • the face of the above-mentioned wall can be provided with a non-stick coating, advantageously made of polytetrafluoroethylene PTFE.
  • This material also has the advantage of being very durable and inexpensive.
  • the air jet has the advantage, among other things, of being able to facilitate taking off from the wall of one or more broken filaments in the event that it (s) still manages to stick to it.
  • the jet When the flow is laminar, the jet also has the advantage of being able, if necessary, to compensate for the lack of air induced by the breakage of a sheet of drawn filaments.
  • the invention which has just been described is particularly applicable to installations for manufacturing wires cut directly under a die. In fact, the implementation of the invention does not require any particular modification of the existing stretching member, nor stop of the latter during a revival of a sheet of filaments.
  • the invention finds application in the manufacture of continuous glass strands intended for the reinforcement of organic and / or inorganic materials, in particular those of filamentary diameter between 5 and 24 ⁇ m.
  • Figures 1 and 2 a front view and a sectional view of a device according to the invention
  • Figures 3 and 4 a front view and a sectional view along the axis AA of a J first variant of part of the device according to Figures 1 and 2;
  • Figure 4a an enlarged partial view of Figure 4
  • Figures 5 and 6 a front view and a sectional view along the axis A-A of a second variant of a part of the device according to Figures 1 and 2 • Figure 6a: an enlarged partial view of Figure 6;
  • Figures 7 and 8 a front view of the device according to Figure 1, at two different times of its operation;
  • the device 1 according to the invention shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is installed in an installation for manufacturing glass wires cut directly under the die.
  • This installation further comprises a machine for cutting glass strands located downstream, said machine itself comprising a drawing member.
  • this stretching member is to mechanically stretch the continuous glass strands obtained from the dies of the installation and returned to said member by means of rollers called return 5,6.
  • This device essentially consists of a die 2, a wall 3 and a sizing device 4.
  • the lower face 21 of the die 2 is provided with 4000 orifices 22, in the form of pins, distributed in two equal groups 220, 221.
  • This attachment support 23 also maintains by screwing and bolting the wall 3 substantially perpendicular to the underside 21 of the die 2.
  • This wall 3 essentially consists of three plates 31, 32, 33 of substantially equal thickness and located in the extension of one another.
  • the sizing device 4 for its part, comprises a sizing roller 41 supplied with sizing by a tank 42.
  • the composition of the sizing is known per se and it also makes it possible to have the usual functions, namely to protect from glass threads against abrasion, avoid breakage during their manufacture and use, allow the association of glass threads obtained with organic and / or inorganic materials intended to be reinforced by these same threads or even ensure the integrity of son.
  • This sizing device 4 also comprises two covers 43, 44 located symmetrically with respect to the plate 33. These covers are movable with respect to one another along an axis parallel to that of the sizing roller 41, an axis which in this case of figure, is perpendicular to the aforementioned plate 33. In addition, in the folded position, they cover the sizing roller 41, as shown in FIG. 2. Each of these covers has in its lower part a bevelled shape 430,440 This particular shape allows a sheet of glass filaments from one of the two groups 220, 221 to be moved away from the wall 3, during a recovery operation and during the gravitational fall of the glass drops, as will be explained below.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 a first configuration of the upper plate 31 of the wall 3 is shown respectively in front view and in section view.
  • This upper plate 31 essentially comprises a main plate 31 0. Along the upper part of this main plate 31 0 is welded a tube 31 1 on which are reported four closure plates 31 2 used, inter alia, to hang the plate 31 to the above-mentioned hanging support 23. The way in which these closure plates are attached is illustrated in FIG. 4a. 9 In this figure, it can be seen that two sealed and continuous weld lines 31 3 over the entire length of the plates 31 2 allow the latter to be joined to the tube 31 1.
  • This tube 31 1 is pierced with circular holes 31 4 uniformly distributed over the entire length of the plates 31 2. During the operation of the device 1 according to the invention, air circulates in this tube 31 1 with a flow such that:
  • This air jet can for example compensate for the lack of air induced by the breakage of a sheet of stretched filaments.
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 a second configuration of the upper plate 31 of the wall 3 is shown respectively in front view and in section view.
  • the tube 31 1 is waterproof. In addition, it is possible to circulate through this tube a fluid, such as water, at a higher flow rate than previously with the aim, for example, of increasing its heat-carrying capacity, which is necessary in certain configurations of Faculty.
  • the diameter of the individual glass filaments obtained according to this device is between 9 and 1 7 ⁇ m, and preferably between 9 and 1 1 ⁇ m.
  • a single sheet of 2000 glass filaments from the aforementioned group 220 forms a single glass thread.
  • droplets of glass which begin to form as many filaments as group 221 has orifices.
  • a breakage of one or more glass filament (s) from one or more orifice (s) occurred and then spread to all of the glass filament from this same group 221.
  • the device according to the invention prevents the propagation of one or more breakages of one or more glass filaments coming from the same group to those of the other group, it makes the recovery operation which comes to be described much faster and more efficiently than a state-of-the-art stimulus operation. In fact, the operator's intervention is faster because the number of glass filaments he has to hold in his hand is much lower (twice less in the example). In addition, the time taken to complete the recovery is also reduced. 1 1 The measurements which have been carried out and the resulting calculations relating to the case of a separation into two layers, corroborate these remarks.
  • the average time t, t ′ is the duration between the moment when a breakage appears and the moment when the glass filaments which have undergone this breakage, whether it is localized or total, are again mechanically drawn by l 'stretching member. From these measured values, the fiber yield ⁇ and the quantity of material actually produced Q were calculated over a period T using the following formula:
  • the device according to the invention of very simple design allows, by controlling the (the) propagation (s) of breakage (s) likely (s) to occur on one or more glass filaments drawn from '' a sector, to significantly increase the productivity thresholds of a fiberizing installation.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Surface Treatment Of Glass Fibres Or Filaments (AREA)
  • Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
  • Manufacture, Treatment Of Glass Fibers (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Filtering Materials (AREA)

Abstract

The invention concerns a method for making at least one glass yarn, which consists in drawing N glass filaments from N orifices emerging from the lower surface of a common die, the N orifices being divided into at least two groups. The invention is characterised in that it consists in setting up a permanent separation between the two filament layers derived from each of said groups. The invention also concerns a device for implementing said method. The invention is useful for making continuous glass yarns for reinforcing organic and/or inorganic materials.

Description

PROCEDE ET DISPOSITIF DE FABRICATION D'UN FIL DE VERRE METHOD AND DEVICE FOR MANUFACTURING A GLASS WIRE
La présente invention est relative à un procédé de fabrication d'au moins un fil de verre, dans lequel on étire N filaments de verre à partir de N orifices débouchant de la face inférieure d'une même filière, les N orifices étant répartis en au moins deux groupes.The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing at least one glass strand, in which N glass filaments are stretched from N orifices opening out from the underside of the same die, the N orifices being distributed in at minus two groups.
L'invention sera plus particulièrement décrite pour une application du procédé de fabrication de fils de verre coupés directement sous filière mais elle n'est pas pour autant limitée à une telle application.The invention will be more particularly described for an application of the process for manufacturing glass wires cut directly under a die, but it is not however limited to such an application.
Elle s'applique, en fait, plus généralement à tout procédé de fabrication de fils de verre continus destinés au renforcement de matières organiques et/ou inorganiques. Dans le domaine de la fibre de verre dite de renforcement, la conjoncture économique a forcé les industriels à maintenir un objectif constant double, à savoir augmenter la productivité et réduire les coûts de production.It applies, in fact, more generally to any process for manufacturing continuous glass strands intended for reinforcing organic and / or inorganic materials. In the area of so-called reinforcing fiberglass, economic conditions have forced manufacturers to maintain a constant double objective, namely to increase productivity and reduce production costs.
Un aspect de cet objectif est la recherche permanente d'obtention de la quantité maximale de fils de verre à partir d'une configuration de fibrage donnée, c'est-à-dire l'ensemble constitué d'une filière et de son équipement associé.One aspect of this objective is the permanent search for obtaining the maximum quantity of glass strands from a given fiberizing configuration, that is to say the assembly consisting of a die and its associated equipment. .
Du fait qu'une filière ne fonctionne pas isolément, en particulier dans les fours à fusion directe, il a été développé, selon l'objectif précité, de nouveaux 2 types de dispositifs fonctionnant directement sous une ou plusieurs filières et collectant les fils de verre obtenus.Because a sector does not operate in isolation, in particular in direct melting furnaces, it has been developed, according to the above-mentioned objective, new 2 types of devices operating directly under one or more channels and collecting the glass strands obtained.
Parmi ces dispositifs, on peut citer ceux collectant les fils de verre sous la forme d'enroulements, ceux les collectant sur des supports récepteurs en translation ou encore ceux les coupant avant de les collecter à l'aide d'un organe servant également à les étirer.Among these devices, there may be mentioned those collecting the glass strands in the form of windings, those collecting them on receiving supports in translation or those cutting them before collecting them using a member also serving to stretch.
Ces dispositifs ont en outre non seulement augmenté la quantité de fils de verre produite à partir d'une filière donnée mais ils ont également supprimé une étape complète de fabrication. Selon le développement mentionné ci-dessus, la conception de nouvelles filières à tirée augmentée a été déterminante.These devices have not only increased the quantity of glass strands produced from a given die but they have also eliminated a complete manufacturing step. According to the development mentioned above, the design of new augmented draft channels was decisive.
Ainsi, il a été conçu des filières avec un nombre d'orifices accru. En particulier, il n'est pas rare aujourd'hui d'avoir, en fonctionnement sur des installations industrielles, des filières de plus de 4000 orifices... Avec la conception de ces nouvelles filières à nombre d'orifices accru, sont apparues des casses de l'ensemble des filaments de verre étirés de plus en plus fréquentes, du fait notamment des inhomogénéités du verre en fond de filière.Thus, channels have been designed with an increased number of orifices. In particular, it is not uncommon today to have, in operation on industrial installations, dies with more than 4,000 orifices ... With the design of these new dies with increased number of orifices, breaks in all of the stretched glass filaments more and more frequent, due in particular to the inhomogeneities of the glass at the bottom of the die.
Ces casses engendrent bien évidemment une interruption involontaire de l'étirage et donc des pertes de productivité.These breaks obviously cause an involuntary interruption of the stretching and therefore loss of productivity.
Un souci permanent a alors été de maîtriser ces casses. Pour ce faire, on a cherché à identifier les causes de ces casses.A permanent concern was then to control these breaks. To do this, we sought to identify the causes of these breaks.
On a pu ainsi établir, de manière non limitative, une classification de ces causes en deux catégories, à savoir : • d'une part, une contrainte mécanique exercée trop élevée ;It was thus possible to establish, without limitation, a classification of these causes into two categories, namely: • on the one hand, a mechanical stress exerted too high;
• d'autre part, la présence de défauts liés par exemple à la qualité imparfaite du verre en fusion (inclusions, bulles...).• on the other hand, the presence of faults linked for example to the imperfect quality of the molten glass (inclusions, bubbles ...).
Beaucoup d'améliorations ont alors été apportées pour supprimer ces causes. En d'autres termes, jusqu'à aujourd'hui, on s'est toujours attaché à dégager les paramètres physiques à l'origine des casses, dans le but de maîtriser ces dernières.Many improvements were then made to remove these causes. In other words, until today, we have always endeavored to identify the physical parameters at the origin of breakages, in order to control them.
De ce fait, on ne s'est guère intéressé à la propagation de casses à 3 l'ensemble des filaments de verre étirés à partir de la même filière.As a result, little attention has been paid to the propagation of 3 all of the glass filaments drawn from the same die.
En effet, une casse ne se produit jamais instantanément sur l 'ensemble des filaments de verre. Elle se produit sur un ou plusieurs filaments dont l'(les) extrémité(s) libre(s) résultante(s) vient(nent) à son(leur) tour en contact avec les filaments environnants, ce qui provoque la casse de ces derniers jusqu'à ce que l'ensemble des filaments soit affecté.Indeed, a breakage never occurs instantly on all the glass filaments. It occurs on one or more filaments, the resulting free end (s) of which comes in contact with the surrounding filaments, which causes breakage of these last until all of the filaments are affected.
L'invention se donne alors pour but de maîtriser les casses de l'ensemble des filaments de verre étirés à partir d'une même filière, en évitant, à tout le moins en limitant, la(les) propagation(s) d'une ou plusieurs casses d'un ou plusieurs filaments audit ensemble.The invention therefore sets itself the aim of controlling the breakage of all of the glass filaments drawn from the same die, avoiding, at the very least by limiting, the spread (s) of a or several breaks of one or more filaments in said assembly.
Ce but est atteint selon l'invention par un procédé de fabrication d'au moins un fil de verre, dans lequel on étire N filaments de verre à partir de N orifices débouchant de la face inférieure d'une même filière, les N orifices étant répartis en au moins deux groupes caractérisé en ce qu'on établit une séparation permanente entre les nappes de filaments issues de chacun desdits groupes.This object is achieved according to the invention by a method of manufacturing at least one glass strand, in which N glass filaments are stretched from N orifices opening out from the underside of the same die, the N orifices being divided into at least two groups characterized in that a permanent separation is established between the layers of filaments from each of said groups.
La solution selon l'invention répond parfaitement au problème posé. En effet, elle permet désormais d'envisager des casses localisées, dans la mesure où seule une partie de l'ensemble des filaments de verre étirés à partir de la même filière subit des casses.The solution according to the invention perfectly meets the problem posed. Indeed, it now makes it possible to envisage localized breaks, insofar as only a part of all of the glass filaments drawn from the same sector undergoes breaks.
Selon une variante préférée du procédé selon l'invention, la séparation est établie au moyen d'un écran sensiblement perpendiculaire à la face inférieure de ladite filière.According to a preferred variant of the method according to the invention, the separation is established by means of a screen substantially perpendicular to the underside of said die.
Une telle variante a ceci d'extrêmement avantageux qu'elle est parfaitement adaptée aux types de filières selon l'état de l'art, sans que l'aéraulique de celles-ci n'ait à subir de modifications substantielles. Autrement dit, les moyens mis en oeuvre pour maîtriser les courants d'air induits par les filaments étirés, en particulier ceux à proximité immédiate de la filière, n'ont pas à être modifiés. De préférence, le nombre N est égal à au moins 800 et chaque nappe de filaments séparée comprend au moins 400 filaments.Such a variant has this extremely advantageous that it is perfectly suited to the types of dies according to the state of the art, without the aeraulics thereof having to undergo substantial modifications. In other words, the means used to control the air currents induced by the drawn filaments, in particular those in the immediate vicinity of the die, do not have to be modified. Preferably, the number N is equal to at least 800 and each separate layer of filaments comprises at least 400 filaments.
L'invention vise également un dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé précédemment défini. Ce dispositif est remarquable en ce qu'il 4 comporte :The invention also relates to a device for implementing the method defined above. This device is remarkable in that it 4 includes:
• au moins une filière dont la face inférieure est munie de N orifices répartis en au moins deux groupes,At least one die, the lower face of which is provided with N orifices distributed in at least two groups,
• des moyens pour établir une séparation permanente entre les nappes de filaments issues de chacun desdits groupes.• means for establishing a permanent separation between the layers of filaments from each of said groups.
Avantageusement, le dispositif décrit ci-dessus comporte un dispositif enducteur, de préférence comportant un rouleau unique, alimenté en apprêt ou ensimage.Advantageously, the device described above comprises a coating device, preferably comprising a single roller, supplied with primer or size.
Au contact de ce dispositif enducteur, les nappes de filaments se recouvrent en apprêt ou ensimage.In contact with this coating device, the layers of filaments overlap in primer or size.
Selon une caractéristique de l'invention, le dispositif enducteur comporte au moins deux capots mobiles l'un par rapport à l'autre, avantageusement autour d'un axe sensiblement parallèle à l'axe du dispositif enducteur, et recouvrant en position rabattue au moins en partie ledit dispositif enducteur.According to a characteristic of the invention, the coating device comprises at least two covers movable with respect to each other, advantageously around an axis substantially parallel to the axis of the coating device, and covering in the folded position at least in part said coating device.
Ces capots procurent un avantage indéniable.These covers provide an undeniable advantage.
En effet, lors d'une opération de relance d'une nappe de filaments préalablement cassés, rabattre un capot revient à s'affranchir de tout risque de contact de celle-ci avec le dispositif enducteur. Or, un tel contact aurait pour conséquence néfaste de venir perturber la nappe de filaments située immédiatement à proximité et pourrait, le cas échéant, engendrer sa casse.In fact, during an operation to revive a layer of previously broken filaments, folding down a cover amounts to eliminating any risk of contact between the latter and the coating device. However, such contact would have the harmful consequence of disturbing the sheet of filaments located immediately nearby and could, if necessary, cause its breakage.
De préférence, la partie inférieure d'au moins un desdits capots comporte au moins un bord oblique par rapport à l'axe du dispositif enducteur. Cette forme particulière permet d'écarter une nappe de filaments à relancer d'une autre située immédiatement à proximité.Preferably, the lower part of at least one of said covers comprises at least one edge oblique to the axis of the coating device. This particular shape makes it possible to discard a layer of filaments to be revived from another located immediately nearby.
Plusieurs modes de réalisation, pris seuls ou combinés entre eux, peuvent être alors envisagés pour établir la séparation des nappes.Several embodiments, taken alone or combined with one another, can then be envisaged to establish the separation of the layers.
Selon un premier mode de réalisation, la séparation permanente est réalisée au moyen d'au moins un soufflage d'air. Selon un deuxième mode de réalisation, la séparation permanente est réalisée au moyen d'au moins un écoulement d'eau.According to a first embodiment, the permanent separation is carried out by means of at least one air blowing. According to a second embodiment, the permanent separation is carried out by means of at least one water flow.
Selon ces deux premiers modes de réalisation, le moyen de soufflage d'air et/ou le moyen d'écoulement d'eau comporte(nt) avantageusement au 5 moins une fente par laquelle un rideau d'air et/ou d'eau continu(s) s'écoule(nt) selon une direction sensiblement perpendiculaire à la face inférieure de la filière.According to these first two embodiments, the air blowing means and / or the water flow means advantageously comprise (s) 5 minus a slot through which a curtain of air and / or continuous water (s) flows (s) in a direction substantially perpendicular to the underside of the die.
De préférence, la fente est située à proximité de la face inférieure de la filière.Preferably, the slot is located near the underside of the die.
Selon un troisième mode de réalisation préféré du dispositif selon l'invention, la séparation permanente est réalisée au moyen d'au moins un écran sensiblement perpendiculaire à la face inférieure de la filière. Selon une caractéristique avantageuse, l'écran comprend au moins une paroi. Une telle configuration est en outre simple et peu onéreuse.According to a third preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention, the permanent separation is carried out by means of at least one screen substantially perpendicular to the underside of the die. According to an advantageous characteristic, the screen comprises at least one wall. Such a configuration is furthermore simple and inexpensive.
Cette paroi peut être fixée, de préférence par vissage, à un support d'accrochage situé à proximité de la face inférieure de la filière.This wall can be fixed, preferably by screwing, to a hooking support located near the underside of the die.
Le support d'accrochage peut être réglable en hauteur, de telle sorte que la distance le séparant de la face inférieure de la filière est comprise entre 0 et 20 mm.The hanging support can be adjustable in height, so that the distance separating it from the underside of the die is between 0 and 20 mm.
Selon une caractéristique avantageuse de la paroi, celle-ci comporte un système de refroidissement de préférence à eau, qui, en cas de besoin, vient compléter le rôle des ailettes de refroidissement disposées entre les rangées d'orifices, notamment celles situées immédiatement à proximité de la paroi. Pour des commodités de montage et de démontage, il est préférable que la paroi comporte au moins deux plaques fixées entre elles l'une dans le prolongement de l'autre, en particulier lorsque il s'avère judicieux d'avoir une longueur de paroi importante.According to an advantageous characteristic of the wall, it comprises a cooling system preferably with water, which, if necessary, completes the role of the cooling fins arranged between the rows of orifices, in particular those located immediately in the vicinity of the wall. For mounting and dismantling convenience, it is preferable for the wall to have at least two plates fixed to each other in the extension of the other, in particular when it is advisable to have a long wall length. .
Ainsi, la paroi peut se prolonger au moins jusqu'au dispositif enducteur. On s'assure de cette façon d'une séparation physique entre les nappes de filaments sur la majeure partie de leur hauteur pour éviter la propagation des casses d'une nappe à l'autre au niveau du système ensimeur, par enroulement des filaments sur le rouleau ensimeur.Thus, the wall can extend at least to the coating device. In this way, a physical separation is ensured between the layers of filaments over most of their height to avoid the propagation of breakages from one layer to another at the sizing system, by winding the filaments on the sizing roller.
D'une manière particulièrement préférée, au moins une des faces de la paroi comporte un moyen pour éviter l'adhérence d'un ou plusieurs filaments de verre à ladite face. Un tel collage peut se révéler préjudiciable. En effet, lorsqu'une casse se produit, le débit des filaments de verre au travers du groupe de la filière concerné par cette casse est diminué puisque la seule force 6 d'entraînement restante est la pesanteur.In a particularly preferred manner, at least one of the faces of the wall comprises means for preventing the adhesion of one or more glass filaments to said face. Such sticking can be detrimental. Indeed, when a breakage occurs, the flow of glass filaments through the group of the sector concerned by this breakage is reduced since the only force 6 remaining drive is gravity.
En cas de collage d'un ou plusieurs filaments de verre à la paroi selon l'invention, le verre ne s'écoule plus librement verticalement mais a tendance à se répartir horizontalement entre les tétons (enverrages) et/ou à former des mariages entre les gouttes de verre issues des orifices voisins, rendant ainsi la relance plus difficile et plus longue.In the event of bonding of one or more glass filaments to the wall according to the invention, the glass no longer flows freely vertically but tends to be distributed horizontally between the nipples (fillings) and / or to form marriages between the glass drops from the neighboring orifices, thus making recovery more difficult and longer.
Pour réaliser ce moyen anti-adhésif, plusieurs variantes, prises seules ou en combinaison, peuvent être envisagées.To make this non-stick means, several variants, taken alone or in combination, can be envisaged.
Tout d'abord, la face de la paroi précitée peut être munie d'un revêtement anti-adhésif, avantageusement en polytétrafluoréthylène PTFE.First of all, the face of the above-mentioned wall can be provided with a non-stick coating, advantageously made of polytetrafluoroethylene PTFE.
Cette matière a en outre l'avantage d'être très durable et peu coûteuse.This material also has the advantage of being very durable and inexpensive.
Il peut être également prévu qu'un jet d'eau et/ou d'air s'écoule substantiellement le long de la face.Provision may also be made for a jet of water and / or air to flow substantially along the face.
Le jet d'air a l'avantage, entre autre, de pouvoir faciliter le décollage de la paroi d'un ou plusieurs filaments cassés dans le cas de figure où il (s) parviendrait(ent) malgré tout à s'y coller.The air jet has the advantage, among other things, of being able to facilitate taking off from the wall of one or more broken filaments in the event that it (s) still manages to stick to it.
Lorsque l'écoulement est laminaire, le jet a également l'avantage de pouvoir, le cas échéant compenser le manque d'air induit par la casse d'une nappe de filaments étirés. L'invention qui vient d'être décrite est particulièrement applicable aux installations de fabrication de fils coupés directement sous filière. En effet, la mise en oeuvre de l'invention ne nécessite ni de modification particulière de l'organe d'étirage existant, ni d'arrêt de celui-ci lors d'une relance d'une nappe de filaments. L'invention trouve application dans la fabrication de fils de verre continus destinés au renforcement de matières organiques et/ou inorganiques, notamment ceux de diamètre filamentaire compris entre 5 et 24 μm.When the flow is laminar, the jet also has the advantage of being able, if necessary, to compensate for the lack of air induced by the breakage of a sheet of drawn filaments. The invention which has just been described is particularly applicable to installations for manufacturing wires cut directly under a die. In fact, the implementation of the invention does not require any particular modification of the existing stretching member, nor stop of the latter during a revival of a sheet of filaments. The invention finds application in the manufacture of continuous glass strands intended for the reinforcement of organic and / or inorganic materials, in particular those of filamentary diameter between 5 and 24 μm.
D'autres détails et caractéristiques avantageuses de l'invention ressortiront ci-après de la description d'un exemple de réalisation détaillé, non limitatif, faite en référence aux figures qui représentent :Other details and advantageous characteristics of the invention will emerge below from the description of a detailed, nonlimiting embodiment, made with reference to the figures which represent:
• Figures 1 et 2 : une vue de face et une vue de coupe d'un dispositif conforme à l'invention ;• Figures 1 and 2: a front view and a sectional view of a device according to the invention;
• Figures 3 et 4 : une vue de face et une vue de coupe selon l'axe A-A d'une J première variante d'une partie du dispositif selon les figures 1 et 2 ;• Figures 3 and 4: a front view and a sectional view along the axis AA of a J first variant of part of the device according to Figures 1 and 2;
• Figure 4a: une vue partielle agrandie de la figure 4 ;• Figure 4a: an enlarged partial view of Figure 4;
• Figures 5 et 6 : une vue de face et une vue de coupe selon l'axe A-A d'une deuxième variante d'une partie du dispositif selon les figures 1 et 2 • Figure 6a: une vue partielle agrandie de la figure 6 ;• Figures 5 and 6: a front view and a sectional view along the axis A-A of a second variant of a part of the device according to Figures 1 and 2 • Figure 6a: an enlarged partial view of Figure 6;
• Figures 7 et 8: une vue de face du dispositif selon la figure 1 , à deux moments différents de son fonctionnement ;• Figures 7 and 8: a front view of the device according to Figure 1, at two different times of its operation;
Le dispositif 1 conforme à l'invention, représenté sur les figures 1 et 2 est implanté dans une installation de fabrication de fils de verre coupés directement sous filière.The device 1 according to the invention, shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is installed in an installation for manufacturing glass wires cut directly under the die.
Cette installation comprend en outre une machine de coupe de fils de verre située en aval, ladite machine comportant elle-même un organe d'étirage.This installation further comprises a machine for cutting glass strands located downstream, said machine itself comprising a drawing member.
Cet organe d'étirage a pour rôle d'étirer mécaniquement les fils de verre continus obtenus à partir des filières de l'installation et renvoyés sur ledit organe au moyen de roulettes dites de renvoi 5,6.The role of this stretching member is to mechanically stretch the continuous glass strands obtained from the dies of the installation and returned to said member by means of rollers called return 5,6.
Le dispositif 1 conforme à l'invention va maintenant être décrit en référence aux figures 1 et 2.The device 1 according to the invention will now be described with reference to Figures 1 and 2.
Ce dispositif se compose essentiellement d'une filière 2, d'une paroi 3 et d'un dispositif ensimeur 4.This device essentially consists of a die 2, a wall 3 and a sizing device 4.
La face inférieure 21 de la filière 2 est munie de 4000 orifices 22, sous la forme de tétons, répartis en deux groupes égaux 220, 221 .The lower face 21 of the die 2 is provided with 4000 orifices 22, in the form of pins, distributed in two equal groups 220, 221.
Sur les périphériques de cette même filière 2 est fixée par vissage- boulonnage un support d'accrochage 23 situé dans le plan médian de ladite face 21 .On the peripherals of this same die 2 is fixed by screwing-bolting an attachment support 23 located in the median plane of said face 21.
Ce support d'accrochage 23 maintient également par vissage- boulonnage la paroi 3 sensiblement perpendiculaire à la face inférieure 21 de la filière 2.This attachment support 23 also maintains by screwing and bolting the wall 3 substantially perpendicular to the underside 21 of the die 2.
Cette paroi 3 se compose essentiellement de trois plaques 31 , 32, 33 d'épaisseur sensiblement égale et situées dans le prolongement l'une de l'autre.This wall 3 essentially consists of three plates 31, 32, 33 of substantially equal thickness and located in the extension of one another.
Ces plaques 31 , 32, 33 sont en outre accrochées au moyen de crochets 34, ce qui permet un démontage rapide et aisé. 8 La plaque inférieure 33 s'étend jusqu'à la partie inférieure du dispositif ensimeur 4.These plates 31, 32, 33 are also hung by means of hooks 34, which allows quick and easy disassembly. 8 The lower plate 33 extends to the lower part of the sizing device 4.
Il est à noter que toutes les faces des trois plaques précitées, ainsi que les capots 43, 44 sont recouverts d'un revêtement anti-adhésif en polytétrafluoréthylène PTFE du type Téflon®.It should be noted that all the faces of the three aforementioned plates, as well as the covers 43, 44 are covered with a non-stick coating of polytetrafluoroethylene PTFE of the Teflon® type.
Le dispositif ensimeur 4, quant à lui, comporte un rouleau ensimeur 41 alimenté en ensimage par un bac 42. La composition de l'ensimage est connue en soi et elle permet, en outre, d'avoir les fonctions habituelles, à savoir protéger des fils de verre contre l'abrasion, éviter la casse pendant leur fabrication et leur utilisation, permettre l'association des fils de verre obtenus avec les matières organiques et/ou inorganiques destinées à être renforcées par ces mêmes fils ou encore assurer l'intégrité des fils.The sizing device 4, for its part, comprises a sizing roller 41 supplied with sizing by a tank 42. The composition of the sizing is known per se and it also makes it possible to have the usual functions, namely to protect from glass threads against abrasion, avoid breakage during their manufacture and use, allow the association of glass threads obtained with organic and / or inorganic materials intended to be reinforced by these same threads or even ensure the integrity of son.
Ce dispositif ensimeur 4 comporte également deux capots 43, 44 situés symétriquement par rapport à la plaque 33. Ces capots sont mobiles l'un par rapport à l'autre selon un axe parallèle à celui du rouleau ensimeur 41 , axe qui dans ce cas de figure, est perpendiculaire à la plaque 33 précitée. En outre, en position rabattue, ils viennent recouvrir le rouleau ensimeur 41 , comme cela est représenté sur la figure 2. Chacun de ces capots présente dans sa partie inférieure une forme biseautée 430,440 Cette forme particulière permet à une nappe de filaments de verre issue de l'un des deux groupes 220,221 d'être écartée de la paroi 3, lors d'une opération de relance et pendant la chute gravitaire des gouttes de verre, tel qu'il le sera expliqué ci-après. Sur les figures 3 et 4, on a représenté respectivement en vue de face et en vue de coupe une première configuration de la plaque supérieure 31 de la paroi 3.This sizing device 4 also comprises two covers 43, 44 located symmetrically with respect to the plate 33. These covers are movable with respect to one another along an axis parallel to that of the sizing roller 41, an axis which in this case of figure, is perpendicular to the aforementioned plate 33. In addition, in the folded position, they cover the sizing roller 41, as shown in FIG. 2. Each of these covers has in its lower part a bevelled shape 430,440 This particular shape allows a sheet of glass filaments from one of the two groups 220, 221 to be moved away from the wall 3, during a recovery operation and during the gravitational fall of the glass drops, as will be explained below. In FIGS. 3 and 4, a first configuration of the upper plate 31 of the wall 3 is shown respectively in front view and in section view.
Cette plaque supérieure 31 comprend essentiellement une tôle principale 31 0. Le long de la partie supérieure de cette tôle principale 31 0 est soudé un tube 31 1 sur lequel sont rapportées quatre plaques d'obturation 31 2 servant, entre autres, à accrocher la plaque 31 au support d'accrochage 23 précité. La manière dont ces tôles d'obturation sont rapportées est illustrée à la figure 4a. 9 Sur cette figure, on voit que deux lignes de soudure 31 3 étanches et continues sur toute la longueur des plaques 31 2 permettent la solidarisation de ces dernières au tube 31 1 .This upper plate 31 essentially comprises a main plate 31 0. Along the upper part of this main plate 31 0 is welded a tube 31 1 on which are reported four closure plates 31 2 used, inter alia, to hang the plate 31 to the above-mentioned hanging support 23. The way in which these closure plates are attached is illustrated in FIG. 4a. 9 In this figure, it can be seen that two sealed and continuous weld lines 31 3 over the entire length of the plates 31 2 allow the latter to be joined to the tube 31 1.
Ce tube 31 1 est percé de trous circulaires 31 4 uniformément répartis sur toute la longueur des plaques 31 2. Lors du fonctionnement du dispositif 1 selon l'invention, de l'air circule dans ce tube 31 1 avec un débit tel que:This tube 31 1 is pierced with circular holes 31 4 uniformly distributed over the entire length of the plates 31 2. During the operation of the device 1 according to the invention, air circulates in this tube 31 1 with a flow such that:
- d'une part, ce dernier vient compléter le rôle habituel des ailettes des refroidisseurs de la face inférieure 21 de la filière 2, non représentées, situées de part et d'autre de la paroi, - d'autre part, un jet d'air à écoulement laminaire s'écoule le long de la paroi, à travers chaque fente 31 5 délimitée par la paroi et une plaque d'obturation- On the one hand, the latter completes the usual role of the fins of the coolers of the lower face 21 of the die 2, not shown, located on either side of the wall, - on the other hand, a jet d laminar flow air flows along the wall, through each slot 31 5 defined by the wall and a blanking plate
31 2.31 2.
Ce jet d'air peut par exemple compenser le manque d'air induit par la casse d'une nappe de filaments étirés. Sur les figures 5 et 6, on a représenté respectivement en vue de face et en vue de coupe une deuxième configuration de la plaque supérieure 31 de la paroi 3.This air jet can for example compensate for the lack of air induced by the breakage of a sheet of stretched filaments. In FIGS. 5 and 6, a second configuration of the upper plate 31 of the wall 3 is shown respectively in front view and in section view.
On retrouve ici les mêmes éléments décrits précédemment en référence aux figures 3 et 4, à ceci près que: - les plaques d'obturation 31 2 sont au nombre de deux et qu'elles sont soudées directement à la tôle principale 31 0;Here we find the same elements described above with reference to Figures 3 and 4, except that: - the blanking plates 31 2 are two in number and they are welded directly to the main sheet 31 0;
- le tube 31 1 est étanche. En outre, il est possible de faire circuler à travers ce tube un fluide, tel que de l'eau, à un débit plus important que précédemment dans le but par exemple d'augmenter son pouvoir caloriporteur, ce qui est nécessaire dans certaines configurations de filière.- The tube 31 1 is waterproof. In addition, it is possible to circulate through this tube a fluid, such as water, at a higher flow rate than previously with the aim, for example, of increasing its heat-carrying capacity, which is necessary in certain configurations of Faculty.
Le fonctionnement du dispositif qui vient d'être décrit va maintenant être expliqué en référence aux figures 7 et 8.The operation of the device which has just been described will now be explained with reference to FIGS. 7 and 8.
On précise ici que le diamètre des filaments de verre individuels obtenus selon ce dispositif est compris entre 9 et 1 7 μm, et de préférence entre 9 et 1 1 //m.It is specified here that the diameter of the individual glass filaments obtained according to this device is between 9 and 1 7 μm, and preferably between 9 and 1 1 μm.
Sur la figure 7, on voit deux nappes de 2000 filaments de verre issues respectivement des groupes 220,221 de la filière 2. Ces nappes, une fois les filaments de verre ensimés au contact du rouleau ensimeur 41 , forment 10 chacune un fil de verre renvoyé sur un organe d'étirage, non représenté, à l'aide de roulettes de renvoi 5,6.In FIG. 7, we see two layers of 2000 glass filaments coming respectively from groups 220, 221 of the die 2. These layers, once the glass filaments are sized in contact with the sizing roller 41, form 10 each a glass wire returned to a drawing member, not shown, using return wheels 5,6.
Sur la figure 8, une seule nappe de 2000 filaments de verre issue du groupe 220 précité forme un fil de verre unique. De l'autre groupe 221 , s'écoulent des gouttes de verre qui commencent à former autant de filaments que le groupe 221 comporte d'orifices. Auparavant, une casse d'un ou plusieurs filament(s) de verre issu(s) d'un ou plusieurs orifice(s) s'est produite puis s'est propagée à l'ensemble des filaments de verre issus de ce même groupe 221 . La paroi 3, quant à elle, a parfaitement joué son rôle puisque la casse est restée localisée et ne s'est pas propagée à la nappe de filaments de verre issue du groupe 220.In FIG. 8, a single sheet of 2000 glass filaments from the aforementioned group 220 forms a single glass thread. From the other group 221, droplets of glass flow which begin to form as many filaments as group 221 has orifices. Previously, a breakage of one or more glass filament (s) from one or more orifice (s) occurred and then spread to all of the glass filament from this same group 221. The wall 3, for its part, played its role perfectly since the breakage remained localized and did not spread to the sheet of glass filaments from group 220.
Bien évidemment, il peut se produire le même phénomène avec la casse localisée du côté du groupe 220. Pour ce qui est de l'opération de relance, l'opérateur réalise successivement les étapes suivantes:Obviously, the same phenomenon can occur with the localized case on the side of group 220. With regard to the recovery operation, the operator successively performs the following steps:
- il abaisse le capot 44 jusqu'à ce que les filaments de verre soient reformés ;- It lowers the cover 44 until the glass filaments are reformed;
- il active l'air de relance sur la partie de filière à l'arrêt ; - il vient regrouper lesdits filaments sous la forme d'une autre nappe immédiatement après avoir relevé le capot précité ;- it activates the recovery air on the part of the die that is stopped; - It comes to group said filaments in the form of another ply immediately after raising the aforementioned cover;
- il étire manuellement cette dernière jusqu'à la roulette de renvoi 6 puis jusqu'à l'organe d'étirage qui prend alors le relais et amène les filaments au diamètre nominal. Outre le fait que le dispositif selon l'invention évite la propagation d'une ou plusieurs casses d'un ou plusieurs filaments de verre issu d'un même groupe à ceux de l'autre groupe, il rend l'opération de relance qui vient d'être décrite beaucoup plus rapide et efficace qu'une opération de relance selon l'état de l'art. En effet, l'intervention de l'opérateur est plus rapide car le nombre de filaments de verre qu'il a à tenir dans sa main est bien moindre (deux fois moins dans l'exemple) . De plus, le temps mis pour effectuer complètement la relance est également diminué. 1 1 Les mesures qui ont été réalisées et les calculs qui en découlent relatives au cas d'une séparation en deux nappes, viennent corroborer ces propos.- It manually stretches the latter to the return roller 6 then to the stretching member which then takes over and brings the filaments to the nominal diameter. In addition to the fact that the device according to the invention prevents the propagation of one or more breakages of one or more glass filaments coming from the same group to those of the other group, it makes the recovery operation which comes to be described much faster and more efficiently than a state-of-the-art stimulus operation. In fact, the operator's intervention is faster because the number of glass filaments he has to hold in his hand is much lower (twice less in the example). In addition, the time taken to complete the recovery is also reduced. 1 1 The measurements which have been carried out and the resulting calculations relating to the case of a separation into two layers, corroborate these remarks.
Sur une période de fonctionnement T égale à 24 heures, on a relevé, pour le dispositif selon l'invention dont la filière a une tirée spécifique S théorique égale à 2 tonnes pour cette même période, le nombre total C de casses qui se sont produites.Over a period of operation T equal to 24 hours, the total number C of breakages which have occurred has been noted, for the device according to the invention, the chain of which has a specific theoretical draw S equal to 2 tonnes for this same period. .
On a également relevé parmi ce nombre total C de casses le pourcentage c de casses qui se sont propagées à l'ensemble des filaments de verre issus de la filière, ci-après dénommées casses totales, et le pourcentage c' de casses qui sont restées localisées au niveau d'une seule nappe de filaments issus d'un seul des deux groupes, ci-après dénommées casses localisées.Among this total number C of breakages, the percentage c of breakages which have spread to all of the glass filaments originating from the sector, hereinafter referred to as total breakages, and the percentage c 'of breakages which have remained have been noted. located at the level of a single layer of filaments originating from only one of the two groups, hereinafter called localized breaks.
On a déterminé le temps moyen t,t' mis pour effectuer complètement la relance à partir d'une casse respectivement totale et localisée. On précise ici que le temps moyen t,t' est la durée entre le moment où apparaît une casse et le moment où les filaments de verre qui ont subi cette casse, qu'elle soit localisée ou totale, sont à nouveau étirés mécaniquement par l'organe d'étirage. A partir de ces valeurs mesurées, on a calculé le rendement de fibrage η et de la quantité de matière réellement produite Q sur une période T à l'aide de la formule suivante :We determined the average time t, t 'to complete the recovery from a total and localized break respectively. It is specified here that the average time t, t ′ is the duration between the moment when a breakage appears and the moment when the glass filaments which have undergone this breakage, whether it is localized or total, are again mechanically drawn by l 'stretching member. From these measured values, the fiber yield η and the quantity of material actually produced Q were calculated over a period T using the following formula:
T - C(c.t + -c'.f)T - C (c.t + -c'.f)
77 = 2 ≤77 = 2 ≤
TT
L'ensemble des valeurs qui viennent d'être définies sont regroupées dans le tableau ci-dessous.All the values which have just been defined are grouped in the table below.
Ce tableau regroupe également les valeurs relatives à un exemple comparatif selon l'état de l'art, c'est-à -dire une filière sans séparation. Les mesures ont été effectuées de manière identique à l'exemple selon l'invention. Bien évidemment, pour cet exemple comparatif, le nombre c' est nul et le nombre c est égal à l'unité. Enfin, comme la relance par moitié de filière déstabilise moins le processus de fibrage, il y a moins de casses en 12 comparaison du dispositif selon l'état de l'art.This table also brings together the values relating to a comparative example according to the state of the art, that is to say a sector without separation. The measurements were carried out in an identical manner to the example according to the invention. Obviously, for this comparative example, the number c 'is zero and the number c is equal to unity. Finally, since the recovery by half of the chain destabilizes the fiberizing process less, there are fewer breaks in 12 comparison of the device according to the state of the art.
TABLEAUBOARD
Exemple selon Exemple l'invention comparatifExample according to Example the comparative invention
Nombre de casses C 30 35 pourcentage casses totales c (%) 20 1 00 temps moyen t (min) 5 5 pourcentage casses localisées c' (%) 80 — temps moyen t' (min) 3 — rendement temps de fibrage η(%) 95,4 87,8Number of breaks C 30 35 percentage total breaks c (%) 20 1 00 average time t (min) 5 5 percentage localized breaks c '(%) 80 - average time t' (min) 3 - yield fiber drawing time η (% ) 95.4 87.8
Quantité matière réellement produite 1 ,908 1 ,756 Q (tonnes) Quantity of material actually produced 1, 908 1, 756 Q (tonnes)
De ce tableau, il ressort clairement que le dispositif selon l'invention permet d'atteindre des rendements bien plus élevés que ceux atteints par des filières selon l'état de l'art.From this table, it is clear that the device according to the invention makes it possible to achieve much higher yields than those achieved by supply chains according to the state of the art.
En conclusion, le dispositif selon l'invention de conception très simple permet, par la maîtrise de la (des) propagation(s) de casse(s) susceptible(s) de se produire sur un ou plusieurs filaments de verre étirés à partir d'une filière, d'augmenter notablement les seuils de productivité d'une installation de fibrage.In conclusion, the device according to the invention of very simple design allows, by controlling the (the) propagation (s) of breakage (s) likely (s) to occur on one or more glass filaments drawn from '' a sector, to significantly increase the productivity thresholds of a fiberizing installation.
Bien entendu, diverses modifications peuvent être apportées par l'homme de l'art sans pour autant sortir du cadre de l'invention dans la mesure où la séparation permanente, telle que mentionnée précédemment, est toujours établie. Of course, various modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention insofar as permanent separation, as mentioned previously, is always established.

Claims

13 REVENDICATIONS 13 CLAIMS
1 . Procédé de fabrication d'au moins un fil de verre, dans lequel on étire N filaments de verre à partir de N orifices débouchant de la face inférieure d'une même filière, les N orifices étant répartis en au moins deux groupes caractérisé en ce qu'on établit une séparation permanente entre les nappes de filaments issues de chacun desdits groupes.1. Method for manufacturing at least one glass strand, in which N glass filaments are drawn from N orifices opening out from the underside of the same die, the N orifices being distributed in at least two groups characterized in that 'a permanent separation is established between the layers of filaments from each of said groups.
2. Procédé selon la revendication 1 , caractérisé en ce que ladite séparation est établie au moyen d'un écran sensiblement perpendiculaire à la face inférieure de la filière. 2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that said separation is established by means of a screen substantially perpendicular to the underside of the die.
3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le nombre N est égal à au moins 800, et en ce que chaque nappe de filaments séparée comprend au moins 400 filaments.3. Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the number N is equal to at least 800, and in that each separate layer of filaments comprises at least 400 filaments.
4. Dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte: - au moins une filière dont la face inférieure est munie de N orifices répartis en au moins deux groupes,4. Device for implementing the method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it comprises: - at least one die, the lower face of which is provided with N orifices distributed in at least two groups,
- des moyens pour établir une séparation permanente entre les nappes de filaments issues de chacun desdits groupes.- Means for establishing a permanent separation between the layers of filaments from each of said groups.
5. Dispositif selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un dispositif enducteur, de préférence comportant un rouleau unique, alimenté en apprêt ou ensimage.5. Device according to claim 4, characterized in that it comprises a coating device, preferably comprising a single roller, supplied with primer or sizing.
6. Dispositif selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte au moins deux capots mobiles l'un par rapport à l'autre, avantageusement autour d'un axe sensiblement parallèle à l'axe du dispositif enducteur, et recouvrant en position rabattue au moins en partie ledit dispositif enducteur.6. Device according to claim 5, characterized in that it comprises at least two covers movable with respect to each other, advantageously around an axis substantially parallel to the axis of the coating device, and covering in position at least partially folded down said coating device.
7. Dispositif selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que la partie inférieure d'au moins un desdits capots comporte au moins un bord oblique par rapport à l'axe dudit dispositif enducteur.7. Device according to claim 6, characterized in that the lower part of at least one of said covers comprises at least one oblique edge relative to the axis of said coating device.
8. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 4 à 7, caractérisé en ce que les moyens pour établir la séparation permanente comprennent au moins un moyen de soufflage d'air et/ou un moyen d'écoulement d'eau.8. Device according to one of claims 4 to 7, characterized in that the means for establishing the permanent separation comprise at least one air blowing means and / or a water flow means.
9. Dispositif selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que le moyen de soufflage d'air et/ou le moyen d'écoulement d'eau comporte(nt) au moins une 14 fente par laquelle un rideau d'air et/ou d'eau continu(s) s'écoule(nt) selon une direction sensiblement perpendiculaire à la face inférieure de la filière.9. Device according to claim 8, characterized in that the air blowing means and / or the water flow means comprises (s) at least one 14 slot through which a curtain of air and / or continuous water (s) flows (s) in a direction substantially perpendicular to the underside of the die.
1 0. Dispositif selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que ladite fente est située à proximité de la face inférieure de la filière. 1 0. Device according to claim 9, characterized in that said slot is located near the underside of the die.
1 1 . Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 4 à 1 0, caractérisé en ce que les moyens pour établir la séparation permanente comprennent au moins un écran sensiblement perpendiculaire à la face inférieure de la filière.1 1. Device according to one of claims 4 to 1 0, characterized in that the means for establishing the permanent separation comprise at least one screen substantially perpendicular to the underside of the die.
1 2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1 1 , caractérisé en ce que ledit écran comprend au moins une paroi. 1 2. Device according to claim 1 1, characterized in that said screen comprises at least one wall.
1 3. Dispositif selon la revendication 1 2, caractérisé en ce que ladite paroi est fixée, de préférence par vissage, à un support d'accrochage situé à proximité de la face inférieure de la filière.1 3. Device according to claim 1 2, characterized in that said wall is fixed, preferably by screwing, to a hooking support located near the underside of the die.
14. Dispositif selon la revendication 1 3, caractérisé en ce que la distance séparant le support d'accrochage de la face inférieure de la filière est comprise entre 0 et 20 mm.14. Device according to claim 1 3, characterized in that the distance separating the attachment support from the underside of the die is between 0 and 20 mm.
1 5. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 2 à 1 4, caractérisé en ce que ladite paroi comporte au moins un système de refroidissement, de préférence à eau.1 5. Device according to one of claims 1 2 to 1 4, characterized in that said wall comprises at least one cooling system, preferably with water.
1 6. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 2 à 1 5, caractérisé en ce que ladite paroi comporte au moins deux plaques fixées entre elles, l'une dans le prolongement de l'autre.1 6. Device according to one of claims 1 2 to 1 5, characterized in that said wall comprises at least two plates fixed together, one in the extension of the other.
1 7. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 2 à 1 6, caractérisé en ce que ladite paroi se prolonge au moins jusqu'au dispositif enducteur.1 7. Device according to one of claims 1 2 to 1 6, characterized in that said wall extends at least to the coating device.
1 8. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 2 à 1 7, caractérisé en ce qu' au moins une des faces de ladite paroi comporte un moyen pour éviter l'adhérence d'un ou plusieurs filaments de verre avec ladite face.1 8. Device according to one of claims 1 2 to 1 7, characterized in that at least one of the faces of said wall comprises means for preventing the adhesion of one or more glass filaments with said face.
1 9. Dispositif selon la revendication 1 8, caractérisé en ce que ladite face est recouverte d'un revêtement anti-adhésif, avantageusement en polytétrafluoréthylène PTFE. 1 9. Device according to claim 1 8, characterized in that said face is covered with a non-stick coating, preferably made of polytetrafluoroethylene PTFE.
20. Dispositif selon la revendication 1 8 ou 1 9, caractérisé en ce que un jet d'eau et/ou d'air s'écoule substantiellement le long de ladite face.20. Device according to claim 1 8 or 1 9, characterized in that a jet of water and / or air flows substantially along said face.
21 . Installation de coupe directe sous filière comprenant au moins un dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 4 à 20. 15 22. Application du procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, ou du dispositif selon l'une des revendications 4 à 20 à la fabrication de fils de verre continus destinés au renforcement de matières organiques et/ou inorganiques, notamment ceux de diamètre filamentaire compris entre 5 et 24 μm. 21. Direct cutting installation under a die comprising at least one device according to any one of claims 4 to 20. 22. Application of the method according to one of claims 1 to 3, or of the device according to one of claims 4 to 20 to the manufacture of continuous glass strands intended for reinforcing organic and / or inorganic materials, in particular those of filament diameter between 5 and 24 μm.
EP99902640A 1998-02-11 1999-02-11 Method and device for making a glass yarn Expired - Lifetime EP1054842B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9801594 1998-02-11
FR9801594A FR2774677B1 (en) 1998-02-11 1998-02-11 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR MANUFACTURING A GLASS WIRE
PCT/FR1999/000302 WO1999041208A1 (en) 1998-02-11 1999-02-11 Method and device for making a glass yarn

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1054842A1 true EP1054842A1 (en) 2000-11-29
EP1054842B1 EP1054842B1 (en) 2002-12-04

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EP99902640A Expired - Lifetime EP1054842B1 (en) 1998-02-11 1999-02-11 Method and device for making a glass yarn

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EP (1) EP1054842B1 (en)
KR (1) KR20010034094A (en)
CN (1) CN1290237A (en)
AT (1) ATE228977T1 (en)
BR (1) BR9907765A (en)
CA (1) CA2319617A1 (en)
DE (1) DE69904298D1 (en)
ES (1) ES2188127T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2774677B1 (en)
WO (1) WO1999041208A1 (en)
ZA (1) ZA991047B (en)

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CN101921060A (en) * 2010-09-19 2010-12-22 江苏九鼎新材料股份有限公司 1600-hole quarter drawing process of alkali glass fiber
CN108017273A (en) * 2017-11-30 2018-05-11 无锡市军豪复合材料有限公司 A kind of separator of fiberglass products
KR102181320B1 (en) * 2019-07-23 2020-11-20 주식회사 와이아이이엔지 Drawing block for glass fiber rebar

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3573014A (en) * 1966-05-13 1971-03-30 Ppg Industries Inc Apparatus and process for extruding glass fibers
US3556755A (en) * 1968-07-09 1971-01-19 Ppg Industries Inc Apparatus for manufacturing fiber glass
US3697241A (en) * 1969-01-14 1972-10-10 Ppg Industries Inc Method and apparatus for providing controlled quench in the manufacture of fiber glass
US4033742A (en) * 1976-02-13 1977-07-05 Kaiser Glass Fiber Corporation Method for producing glass fibers
US4049415A (en) * 1976-07-23 1977-09-20 Ppg Industries, Inc. Apparatus for forming glass fibers

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Title
See references of WO9941208A1 *

Also Published As

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FR2774677A1 (en) 1999-08-13
WO1999041208A1 (en) 1999-08-19
KR20010034094A (en) 2001-04-25
ES2188127T3 (en) 2003-06-16
DE69904298D1 (en) 2003-01-16
ZA991047B (en) 1999-10-12
CN1290237A (en) 2001-04-04
FR2774677B1 (en) 2000-03-10
CA2319617A1 (en) 1999-08-19
EP1054842B1 (en) 2002-12-04
BR9907765A (en) 2000-10-17
ATE228977T1 (en) 2002-12-15

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