EP1048751B1 - Verfahren zum Aufbringen einer harten Beschichtung auf einen Gegenstand und beschichteter Gegenstand - Google Patents
Verfahren zum Aufbringen einer harten Beschichtung auf einen Gegenstand und beschichteter Gegenstand Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1048751B1 EP1048751B1 EP20000810336 EP00810336A EP1048751B1 EP 1048751 B1 EP1048751 B1 EP 1048751B1 EP 20000810336 EP20000810336 EP 20000810336 EP 00810336 A EP00810336 A EP 00810336A EP 1048751 B1 EP1048751 B1 EP 1048751B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- article
- ceramic
- mixed layer
- coating
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C30/00—Coating with metallic material characterised only by the composition of the metallic material, i.e. not characterised by the coating process
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated, e.g. for coating on selected surface areas
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
- C23C4/10—Oxides, borides, carbides, nitrides or silicides; Mixtures thereof
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method according to the preamble of the claim 1 and a coated object according to the preamble of Claim 4.
- JP 08 173321 describes a kitchen vessel with a layer of "fluorocarbon resin” or “fluororubber” in which ultrafine diamonds were embedded.
- the diamonds were embedded in a non-stick layer made of Teflon or related material.
- JP 07 067784 describes a coated kitchen vessel with an aluminum base described. One was directly on the surface of the base body a flame spraying applied aluminum oxide layer, which from a "fluoro" layer was covered with embedded “ultra-super-fine” diamond particles.
- JP 59 166670 is a tool with a diamond containing coating mentioned.
- This coating could be made of carbides, Nitrides, carbonitrides and carboxynitrides of groups IVa, Va and VIa, made of silicon or boron.
- the diamonds were "vapor-phase-synthesis", so one CVD process generated.
- the object of the invention is to produce an object made essentially of aluminum or to provide or create an aluminum alloy with a coating, wherein the coating is preferably hard and the good thermal conductivity of the article supported, so that this is preferred as a heater (iron, ...), kitchen appliance for roasting, baking, etc., and on other occasions where uniform heating over the largest possible surface area is desired or is required.
- a correspondingly manufactured object is in claim 4
- Preferred embodiments are claimed in claims 2, 3 and 5 to 14.
- a coating appropriately pretreated surface in particular essentially Aluminum or an aluminum alloy existing object becomes a coating applied, in which diamonds are embedded.
- the diamonds in particular care due to their extremely good thermal conductivity for a good heat transfer from one Good lying on the coating to the object, which is also a good heat conductor. This ensures uniform heating of the goods.
- this coating is used to support the mechanical Hardness of the embedded diamonds as a hard layer consisting essentially of an aluminum oxide / titanium dioxide mixed layer muster.
- Aluminum oxide and titanium dioxide in nature Known as sapphire or rutile, they are very hard. This great hardness is in the Aluminum oxide / titanium dioxide mixture then through the embedded diamond crystals Diamond not only has the highest known hardness, but also that best (largest) known thermal conductivity.
- the hard aluminum oxide / titanium dioxide mixed layer as a so-called binder for the even harder diamond crystals a very hard coating, which has a very good thermal conductivity.
- the object to be coated from a good heat-conducting material namely in essential (negligible impurities are always present) aluminum or an aluminum alloy such a coated object can anywhere wherever possible, the most uniform temperature possible over a large area.
- the layer containing diamonds is reduced compared to known layers, which also have an anti-adhesive effect, the "thermal barrier" resulting from this layer is essential.
- the invention is therefore a kitchen device (e.g. frying pan) used.
- the mixed layer can be provided with non-stick layers, which further improves its use as a “non-sticky” pan.
- Non-stick coatings generally have a dark color. If a mixed layer with 80 to 40 percent by weight aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ) and 20 to 60 percent by weight titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ), preferably with about 60% aluminum oxide and 40% titanium dioxide, is applied, it is dark. A slight injury to a non-stick layer of PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) applied over the mixed layer is therefore no longer visible.
- PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
- the mixed layer can be arranged through a fluorosilane layer, in which diamond crystals are also preferably embedded, in their hardness behavior and in their flat thermal conductivity and their non-stick behavior can still be improved.
- This layer can then also be pigmented, in particular darkly pigmented which also causes minor injuries to the non-stick coating above, which do not disturb their non-stick effect, are hardly visible anymore.
- the coating 1 shown in the single figure is applied to an aluminum pan bottom 3 as an object.
- the surface 5 of the pan base 3 is pretreated for the subsequent coating.
- the surface 5 is degreased and sandblasted with corundum powder.
- the corundum powder has fine grains to which coarse grains are mixed.
- the coarse grains produce a roughness of approximately one hundred to two hundred micrometers on the surface 5 to be coated.
- This coarsely roughened surface structure is overlaid with a finer roughness by fine grains of about ten to thirty micrometers.
- the whole object (pan) is used in an oven at a temperature below 600 ° C. A temperature of 450 ° C. is preferably selected.
- a mixture with 80 to 40 percent by weight of aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ) and 20 to 60 percent by weight of titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) is applied.
- Al 2 O 3 aluminum oxide
- TiO 2 titanium dioxide
- about sixty percent by weight of aluminum oxide and forty percent by weight of titanium dioxide with an admixture of five to ten percent by weight of aluminum fluoride (AlF 3 ) are applied as a homogeneous mixture in a plasma spraying process as a thermal spraying process.
- AlF 3 aluminum fluoride
- aluminum fluoride is not mandatory; other non-stick materials can also be used. However, it is important to ensure compatibility with the aluminum oxide-titanium dioxide mixture.
- the material used must also remain under the thermal conditions of plasma spraying. In plasma spraying, diamond crystals are added, which have a diameter between 0.5 ⁇ m and 10 ⁇ m.
- the aluminum oxide-titanium dioxide-aluminum fluoride mixture with embedded diamond crystals is sprayed onto the surface 5 as a mixed layer 7 up to a layer thickness of 50 ⁇ m to 150 ⁇ m. The applied mixed layer 7 appears black.
- the diamond crystals must be mixed in such a way that they have no temperature exposed to temperatures above 900 ° C. At 900 ° C, diamond can transform into graphite or burn when exposed to oxygen. Of these 900 ° C should a sufficient temperature-related distance should be kept.
- the aluminum oxide as a relatively inexpensive material, gives the layer 7 the necessary hardness, while titanium dioxide gives this layer 7 the ductility and the dark or black color.
- the ductility of the titanium dioxide gives the coating good resistance to large temperature fluctuations; as they occur with frying pans.
- a further layer 9 of fluorosilane likewise with embedded diamond crystals with a diameter of 0.5 ⁇ m to 10 ⁇ m, can be applied to the mixed layer 7 as a suspension.
- the suspension is preferably admixed with a pigment which is used to match the color of the mixing layer 7 .
- the article is then heated in an oven in several stages (100 ° C, 250 ° C, 400 ° C) to 400 ° C to 430 ° C and held at the final temperature for about ten to fifteen minutes.
- This layer 9 is not mandatory.
- the non-stick effect of the coating is also given without this layer 9 ; however, it is still improved by this.
- a carbon black pigment for example, is used as the pigment.
- PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
- This suspension also penetrates into the remaining roughness and into the pores.
- a heating program analogous to that of layer 9 is carried out.
- the fact that the final temperature is held here for ten to fifteen minutes means that the PTFE is burned in.
- the softening temperature of the PTFE is 360 ° C. The temperature of the object is thus clearly above this temperature during the baking, so that the suspension particles are sintered into a tough and elastic layer.
- the sintering together creates an elastic PTFE cover layer 11 which, with a layer thickness of two to ten micrometers, conforms well to the remaining roughness of the layer 9 underneath.
- the coating 1 described here is very well non-stick to food to be heated (roasted) lying on it and also resistant to scratching with good "heat distribution" over the pan bottom. Should the top PTFE layer 11 nevertheless be scratched, this scratching is not visible due to the color adaptation of the layer 9 to the color of the mixed layer 7 . The anti-adhesive property is hardly affected by this, since the layer 9 is also “anti-adhesive”.
- nitrides, carbides, oxynitrides or carboxynitrides or several elements from chemical groups IVb to Vlb, of aluminum, of Nickel or silicon or mixtures thereof can be used.
- group IVb include titanium (Ti), zircon (Zr) and hafnium (Hf).
- Group Vb includes vanadium (V), Niobium (Nb) and tantalum (Ta).
- the Vlb group includes chromium (Cr), molybdenum (Mo) and tungsten (W).
- the mixture described above has proven to be particularly advantageous.
- the layer 9 can also be applied and, after it has dried, the layer 11 immediately, which then, as described above, both increase step-wise or approximately continuously be heated.
- a cover layer made of PTFE instead of a cover layer made of PTFE, a PFA layer (Perfluoralcyd) or an FEP layer (fluoroethylene propylene) and related materials be used.
- a PFA layer Perfluoralcyd
- an FEP layer fluoroethylene propylene
- the object made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy to manufacture it can also be made of stainless steel or iron.
- aluminum or its alloys have the advantage of a good one Thermal conductivity.
- Objects made of copper can also be coated accordingly become; however, care must be taken to ensure that there is no oxidation of the Copper surface occurs.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Cookers (AREA)
- Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
- Chemical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Frying-Pans Or Fryers (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
Description
Claims (14)
- Verfahren zum Aufbringen einer antihaftenden Beschichtung (1) auf einem metallischen, eine hohe Wärmeleitfähigkeit aufweisenden Gegenstand (3), wobei der Gegenstand ein Küchengerät ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass auf eine für die Beschichtung (1) vorbehandelte Oberfläche (5) des Gegenstands (3) eine Mischschicht (7) mit eingelagerten Diamantkristallen in einem thermischen Sprühverfahren aufgesprüht wird, wobei das Aufsprühen der Mischschicht (7) als homogenes Gemisch eines hartschichtbildenden und eines antihaftend wirkenden Materials erfolgt und als hartschichtbildendes Material im Wesentlichen eine Mischung von Aluminiumoxid (Al2O3) und Titandioxid (TiO2) oder im Wesentlichen ein keramisches Oxid und/oder ein keramisches Nitrid und/oder ein keramisches Carbid und/oder ein keramisches Oxinitrid und/oder ein keramisches Carbooxinitrid eines oder mehrerer Elemente aus den chemischen Gruppen IVb bis VIb, des Aluminiums, des Nickels oder des Siliziums oder deren Mischungen verwendet wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass als thermisches Sprühverfahren ein Plasmasprühverfahren verwendet wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass als thermisches Sprühverfahren ein Hochgeschwindigkeitsverfahren (HVOF = high velocity oxygen fuel) verwendet wird.
- Ein eine hohe Wärmeleitfähigkeit aufweisender metallischer Gegenstand (3) als Küchengerät beschichtet nach einem der Patentansprüche 1 bis 3, gekennzeichnet durch eine Beschichtung mit einer in einem thermischen Sprühverfahren aufgesprühten Mischschicht (7) mit eingelagerten Diamantkristallen, wobei die Mischschicht ein hartschichtbildendes Material mit einer Beimischung eines antihaftend wirkenden Materials aufweist und das hartschichtbildende Material im Wesentlichen eine Mischung von Aluminiumoxid (Al2O3) und Titandioxid (TiO2) oder im Wesentlichen ein keramisches Oxid und/oder ein keramisches Nitrid und/oder ein keramisches Carbid und/oder ein keramisches Oxinitrid und/oder ein keramisches Carbooxinitrid eines oder mehrerer Elemente aus den chemischen Gruppen IVb bis Vlb, des Aluminiums, des Nickels oder des Siliziums oder deren Mischungen ist.
- Gegenstand (3) nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Mischschicht als hartschichtbildendes Material im Wesentlichen 97 bis 40 Gewichtsprozent Aluminiumoxid (Al2O3) und 3 bis 60 Gewichtsprozent Titandioxid (TiO2), unter einer entsprechenden Reduzierung durch das zugemischte, antihaftend wirkende Material, enthält.
- Gegenstand (3) nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Mischschicht als hartschichtbildendes Material im Wesentlichen 80 bis 40 Gewichtsprozent Aluminiumoxid und 20 bis 60 Gewichtsprozent Titandioxid, unter einer entsprechenden Reduzierung durch das zugemischte, antihaftend wirkende Material, enthält.
- Gegenstand (3) nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Mischschicht als hartschichtbildendes Material im Wesentlichen etwa 60 Gewichtsprozent Aluminiumoxid und 40 Gewichtsprozent Titandioxid, unter einer entsprechenden Reduzierung durch das zugemischte, antihaftend wirkende Material, enthält.
- Gegenstand (3) nach einem der Ansprüche 4 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Mischschicht (7) als antihaftend wirkendes Material 5 bis 10 Gewichtsprozent Aluminium-Fluorid (AlF3) unter entsprechender Reduzierung des hartschichtbildenden Materials enthält.
- Gegenstand (3) nach einem der Ansprüche 4 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass auf der Diamanten enthaltenden Mischschicht (7) eine weitere Schicht (9) im Wesentlichen aus Fluorsilan liegt.
- Gegenstand (3) nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die weitere Schicht (9) pigmentiert ist, um einen Schichtfarbton zu erreichen, welcher der Mischschicht (7) angeglichen ist.
- Gegenstand (3) nach einem der Ansprüche 4 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine Deckschicht (11) im Wesentlichen aus PTFE als die oberste Schicht der Beschichtung (1) vorhanden ist.
- Gegenstand (3) nach einem der Ansprüche 4 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Diamantkristalle einen Durchmesser zwischen 0,5 µm und 10 µm haben und neben der Mischschicht (7) in der weiteren Schicht (9) eingelagert sind.
- Gegenstand (3) nach einem der Ansprüche 4 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein die Beschichtung tragender Grundkörper im Wesentlichen aus Aluminium oder einer Aluminiumlegierung besteht.
- Gegenstand (3) nach einem der Ansprüche 4 bis 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein die Beschichtung tragender Grundkörper aus rostfreiem Stahl oder Eisen besteht.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH79099 | 1999-04-29 | ||
CH79099 | 1999-04-29 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1048751A1 EP1048751A1 (de) | 2000-11-02 |
EP1048751B1 true EP1048751B1 (de) | 2004-10-27 |
Family
ID=4195250
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP20000810336 Expired - Lifetime EP1048751B1 (de) | 1999-04-29 | 2000-04-18 | Verfahren zum Aufbringen einer harten Beschichtung auf einen Gegenstand und beschichteter Gegenstand |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1048751B1 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE280850T1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE50008380D1 (de) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7811664B2 (en) | 2005-04-19 | 2010-10-12 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Fluororesin coating film |
US7858188B2 (en) | 2005-12-14 | 2010-12-28 | Dupont-Mitsui Fluorochemicals Co Ltd | Non-stick coating composition comprising diamond particles and substrate |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102005037338A1 (de) * | 2005-08-04 | 2007-02-08 | Starnberger Beschichtungen Gmbh | Antihaftbeschichtung, Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung und antihaftbeschichtete Substratmaterialien |
EP2586891A1 (de) | 2011-10-25 | 2013-05-01 | Stefan Hort | Kochgerät |
EP2592174A1 (de) * | 2011-11-14 | 2013-05-15 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Schichtsystem mit strukturierter Substratoberfläche und Verfahren zur Herstellung |
FR2997418B1 (fr) | 2012-10-31 | 2016-01-01 | Seb Sa | Revetement ceramique aux proprietes de resistance a la rayure et de conduction thermique ameliorees |
CN106435564A (zh) * | 2016-11-14 | 2017-02-22 | 北京联合涂层技术有限公司 | 高性能锅具电磁涂层及其制造方法 |
CN109930103B (zh) * | 2017-12-15 | 2023-11-14 | 佛山市顺德区美的电热电器制造有限公司 | 一种加热器具及其制备方法 |
DE202023102922U1 (de) | 2023-05-26 | 2023-07-17 | SurFunction GmbH | Garvorrichtung zum Garen von Gargut |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0365485A1 (de) * | 1988-10-21 | 1990-04-25 | Hort-Revetements Sa | Verfahren zum Aufbringen einer Antihaftschicht auf eine Oberfläche eines Gegenstands |
EP0510546B1 (de) * | 1991-04-23 | 1995-03-29 | Winfried Heinzel | Verfahren zum Beschichten von Haus- und Küchengerätschaften |
Family Cites Families (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1095564A (de) * | 1900-01-01 | |||
JPS59166670A (ja) * | 1983-03-11 | 1984-09-20 | Mitsubishi Metal Corp | 耐摩耗性のすぐれた表面被覆工具部材 |
JPS61286263A (ja) * | 1985-06-14 | 1986-12-16 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | 低温焼結磁器組成物 |
DE8816295U1 (de) * | 1988-03-02 | 1989-07-06 | Heinzel, Winfried, 7758 Meersburg | Beschichtete Platte für Haushaltsgeräte |
DE3838905A1 (de) * | 1988-11-17 | 1990-05-31 | Knut Dipl Phys Dr Enke | Kratzfester gebrauchsgegenstand, verfahren zu seiner herstellung sowie vorrichtung zur durchfuehrung dieser verfahren |
US5260141A (en) * | 1991-11-29 | 1993-11-09 | Regents Of The University Of Minnesota | Diamond coated products |
JP2741823B2 (ja) * | 1992-05-27 | 1998-04-22 | 松下電器産業株式会社 | 表面処理剤及びその使用方法 |
JPH0767784A (ja) * | 1993-08-31 | 1995-03-14 | Toshiba Home Technol Corp | 調理器の調理プレート |
JPH0884899A (ja) * | 1994-09-19 | 1996-04-02 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | アイロン |
JP2589459B2 (ja) * | 1994-12-27 | 1997-03-12 | 東芝タンガロイ株式会社 | 調理器具 |
JPH08309100A (ja) * | 1995-05-18 | 1996-11-26 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | アイロンおよびその製造方法 |
US5633086A (en) * | 1995-05-31 | 1997-05-27 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of Commerce | Friction and wear resistant coating for titanium and its alloys |
-
2000
- 2000-04-18 AT AT00810336T patent/ATE280850T1/de active
- 2000-04-18 DE DE50008380T patent/DE50008380D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-04-18 EP EP20000810336 patent/EP1048751B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0365485A1 (de) * | 1988-10-21 | 1990-04-25 | Hort-Revetements Sa | Verfahren zum Aufbringen einer Antihaftschicht auf eine Oberfläche eines Gegenstands |
EP0510546B1 (de) * | 1991-04-23 | 1995-03-29 | Winfried Heinzel | Verfahren zum Beschichten von Haus- und Küchengerätschaften |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7811664B2 (en) | 2005-04-19 | 2010-10-12 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Fluororesin coating film |
US7858188B2 (en) | 2005-12-14 | 2010-12-28 | Dupont-Mitsui Fluorochemicals Co Ltd | Non-stick coating composition comprising diamond particles and substrate |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1048751A1 (de) | 2000-11-02 |
DE50008380D1 (de) | 2004-12-02 |
ATE280850T1 (de) | 2004-11-15 |
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