EP1035052A2 - Linear-Antriebs-Aggregat - Google Patents
Linear-Antriebs-Aggregat Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1035052A2 EP1035052A2 EP99125161A EP99125161A EP1035052A2 EP 1035052 A2 EP1035052 A2 EP 1035052A2 EP 99125161 A EP99125161 A EP 99125161A EP 99125161 A EP99125161 A EP 99125161A EP 1035052 A2 EP1035052 A2 EP 1035052A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- component
- cutting
- lifting device
- unit according
- speed lifting
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H19/00—Changing the web roll
- B65H19/22—Changing the web roll in winding mechanisms or in connection with winding operations
- B65H19/26—Cutting-off the web running to the wound web roll
- B65H19/265—Cutting-off the web running to the wound web roll using a cutting member moving linearly in a plane parallel to the surface of the web and along a direction crossing the web
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H2301/00—Handling processes for sheets or webs
- B65H2301/50—Auxiliary process performed during handling process
- B65H2301/51—Modifying a characteristic of handled material
- B65H2301/515—Cutting handled material
- B65H2301/5151—Cutting handled material transversally to feeding direction
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H2301/00—Handling processes for sheets or webs
- B65H2301/50—Auxiliary process performed during handling process
- B65H2301/51—Modifying a characteristic of handled material
- B65H2301/515—Cutting handled material
- B65H2301/5153—Details of cutting means
- B65H2301/51536—Laser
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H2555/00—Actuating means
- B65H2555/10—Actuating means linear
- B65H2555/11—Actuating means linear pneumatic, e.g. inflatable elements
Definitions
- the invention relates to a linear drive unit, which is used to move a component, in particular a cutting device.
- a cutting device is used for example in a machine for producing or finishing a fibrous web, e.g. B. Paper or cardboard web, preferably at the end of such a machine in the area of a Changing apparatus.
- the running fibrous web is cut with the help of the cutting device severed transversely to the web running direction, especially if during the running Company has become full of a winding roll created on a first drum and The formation of a new winding roll begins on a second drum ("Drum change").
- the linear drive unit known from DS 1 is used to move in opposite directions two cutting devices, each having a circular knife.
- the linear movement takes place by means of an endless rope, which is driven by means of a friction wheel.
- the device known from DS 2 comprises one or two liquid jet cutting devices, which at high speed (10 m / sec) across a running one Fibrous web are moved linearly. Details about the linear drive are not described.
- DS 3 discloses a similar device, the linear drive being one has pneumatic pistons.
- a rodless cylinder serves the same purpose; the lifting speed is approximately 15.3 m / s.
- the present invention aims to achieve an even better result become.
- the object of the invention is the known one To improve linear drive units so that in their application for Moving a cutter of a paper machine even less rejects than so far.
- linear drive unit specified in claim 1 The invention is based on the knowledge that it is used in some applications Linear drive unit, especially when moving one described above Cutting device, not only depends on an extremely high speed, but that it must also be ensured that this high speed at the start of the Movement is achieved in the shortest possible time. That means it has to be extremely high Acceleration are taken care of.
- This goal is primarily achieved in that in created a ready position for the linear drive unit according to the invention in which the first high-speed lifting device on the to be moved Component already exerts a high acceleration force in its rest position.
- a holding device holds this in accordance with the invention moving component still in its rest position. If now to a selectable When the holding device is released, the high acceleration force acts from on the component to be moved. As a result, the Maximum speed of the component to be moved reached in a much shorter time than at the known devices.
- the holding device is preferably a second High-speed lifting device, the two high-speed lifting devices work together in a meaningful way, as described below in individual is described.
- the first high-speed lifting device is preferably a rodless pneumatic cylinder. Its main advantage is that its Length needs to be only slightly larger than the length of the running distance of the to be moved Component. In addition, the mass to be accelerated is very small, which makes it extremely high Acceleration results. In the case of the cutting device of a paper machine, the Length of the movement distance from the width of the web to be cut (Around 10 meters).
- the length is Running distance only about half the track width.
- Pneumatic cylinders could possibly act on the principle of a rocket drive Drive device can be provided.
- the second high-speed lifting device is preferably a so-called "Mechanical linear unit” trained, available for example from NEFF Antriebstechnik Automation GmbH.
- An advantage of this device is that with high acceleration a very high speed of movement is possible and that Acceleration and deceleration phases are easy to control. As a less cheap one
- a hydraulic cylinder can also be considered, as described below.
- the subclaims include further advantageous refinements of the invention and Features of a drum changing system to which the invention is applicable.
- Figure 1 shows schematically that for two opposing cutting devices provided linear drive units with a first and a second High speed lifting device.
- FIG. 2 shows an alternative detail from FIG. 1.
- Figure 3 shows schematically a winding machine in side view, with a linear drive unit according to the invention.
- FIG. 1 you can see a piece of a running fibrous web 9, which is in the direction arrow P moves.
- Two cutting devices 5 are provided, in the form of Liquid jet nozzles, which in their rest position in the area of the web center in low Distance from the web 9 are arranged. Their beam direction is approximately vertical to the plane of the drawing, ie essentially perpendicular to the running web 9 or below an angle to the vertical.
- Cutting fluid is supplied by means of a High pressure pump 10, which has a liquid pressure in the order of up to 2000 bar or can generate more.
- the pump 10 is via a line system 11 with a switching valve 12 and connected to the cutting devices 5 via high-pressure hose lines 3.
- Figure 1 shows the state shortly after opening the switching valve 12; the cutting process has just started, with the cutting devices 5 still in their rest position are. This initially creates two cutting lines 18, 19 which are parallel to Extend web direction. If a short time later the cutting device 5 in the direction arrows 5a are moved to the edges of the web, the known diagonal results Section line course (see Fig. 10 of DS 1 or Fig. 8 of DS 3). Deviating from Fig. 1 the cutting devices 5 can also be arranged such that the cross diagonal cutting lines (Fig. 6 of DS 3) or that the cutting devices lie immediately one behind the other (Fig. 7 of DS 3).
- Each cutter 5 is mechanically attached to the piston 6 of a rodless one Pneumatic cylinder 1 coupled; this forms the first mentioned in claim 1 High speed lifting device.
- Each pneumatic cylinder 1 is on one of its both ends via a pressure line 7 (with a large flow cross section) with a Pressure accumulator 8 connected to which a compressed air generator 8a is connected.
- One end of the high-pressure hose line 3 is coupled to the cutting device 5, the other end is - for the purpose of connection to the line system 11 - to a fixed one Component 13 coupled.
- the High-pressure hose line 3 by means of a deflection device 4 by approximately 180 degrees redirected.
- the deflection device 4 preferably designed as a deflection roller, is on the Movable element 2a of a second high-speed lifting device 2 attached. This is realized in Figure 1 in that the deflection roller 4 is rotatable in a bearing 4a is mounted, which is coupled to the piston rod 2a of a hydraulic cylinder 2.
- FIG. 2 A preferred alternative to this is shown in FIG. 2.
- the pulley 4 rotatably supported on the linearly movable element 21, which is part of a is a total of 2 'designated mechanical linear unit.
- linear movable element 21 by means of an endless toothed belt 22 (guided over Pulleys 23) coupled to a drive motor 24.
- Figure 1 shows the ready position of the linear drive unit.
- the piston 6 is on the side of the pressure accumulator 8 already under pressure.
- the one connected to the piston 6 Cutting device 5 is still operated by the second high-speed lifting device 2 held on the hose 3.
- the cutting device 5 set in motion with high acceleration.
- the ready position can be such that each of the pistons directly at the end of the pneumatic cylinder 1 (at the connection of the pressure line 7) located.
- the cutting devices 5 can intersect intersecting lines generate (Fig. 6 of DS 3). It is also possible that the nozzles 5 only then The high pressure cutting fluid is applied after it has traveled a distance have traveled e.g. B. when it reaches approximately the central area of the paper web to have.
- the axes of rotation of the deflection rollers 4 are perpendicular to the paper web 9.
- Essential components of the winding machine shown in Figure 3 are a drivable and horizontally displaceable pressure roller 30 and a drivable drum 31.
- the paper web 9 runs over a guide roller 32 and via the pressure roller 30 onto a winding roll (which is constantly increasing in diameter) 33. This is created by winding the drum 31, with the pressure roller 30 is in contact (dash-dotted state).
- the drum 31 together with the winding roller 33 is constantly in accordance with the Diameter increase - shifted to the right in the view according to FIG. 3, e.g. by means of a spindle drive 34.
- a spindle drive 34 To prepare a reel change (if the winding roll 33 has almost reached the desired diameter), the drum 31 with the Winding roller 33 away from the pressure roller 30 into that shown in full lines Position.
- An auxiliary roller 35 presses the incoming web 9 against the winding roll 33. Now a new, still empty reel 36 is inserted into the winding machine.
- the new drum is preferably in such a position with the pressure roller 30 brought into contact that the paper web 9 still running to the winding roll 33 the new Wraps around drum 36 a bit; the resulting wrap angle is 8 designated.
- a cutting device is provided, with a top described linear drive unit. You can have a single cutter provide the entire paper web from one web edge to the other Cutting edge of the web or there are two cutting devices according to Figure 1 intended. In any case, it is ensured that the new one formed on the cutting line The beginning of the web is transferred to the new drum 36 so that a new one is formed there Winding roll can begin.
Landscapes
- Replacement Of Web Rolls (AREA)
- Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
- Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
- Transmission Devices (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (11)
- Linearantriebs-Aggregat mit den folgenden Merkmalen:a) das Linearantriebs-Aggregat dient zum Bewegen eines Bauteils, insbesondere einer Schneideinrichtung (5) zwecks Durchtrennens einer laufenden Faserstoffbahn (9), z.B. Papier- oder Kartonbahn, vorzugsweise im Bereich einer Wickelmaschine;b) das zu bewegende Bauteil, z.B. die Schneideinrichtung (5), ist an eine "erste" Hochgeschwindigkeits-Hubeinrichtung (1) gekoppelt, die sich z.B. quer zur Bahnlaufrichtung über die Faserstoffbahn erstreckt;c) in einer Bereitschaftsstellung des zu bewegenden Bauteils, z.B. der Schneideinrichtung (5), aus der die Bewegung, (z.B. ein Schneidvorgang) beginnen soll, übt die "erste" Hochgeschwindigkeits-Hubeinrichtung (1) auf das Bauteil (5) eine Beschleunigungskraft aus;d) das genannte Bauteil, z.B. die Schneideinrichtung (5) ist zusätzlich an eine Halteeinrichtung (2; 2') gekoppelt, die in der Bereitschaftsstellung das Bauteil (5) gegen die Beschleunigungskraft festhält;e) die Anordnung ist derart getroffen, daß ein Lösen der Halteeinrichtung (2; 2') das sofortige Bewegen des Bauteils (5) unter der Wirkung der genannten Beschleunigungskraft auslöst.
- Aggregat nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die erste Hochgeschwindigkeits-Hubeinrichtung (1) ein an sich bekannter, vorzugsweise stangenloser Pneumatikzylinder ist, dessen Kolben (6) in der Bereitschaftsstellung mit Druck beaufschlagt ist.
- Aggregat nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die genannte Halteeinrichtung eine "zweite" Hochgeschwindigkeits-Hubeinrichtung (2;2') ist.
- Aggregat nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß am beweglichen Element (2a; 21) der zweiten Hochgeschwindigkeits-Hubeinrichtung (2; 2') mindestens eine Umlenkeinrichtung (4) für einen flexiblen Strang (3) befestigt ist, dessen eines Ende an das zu bewegende Bauteil (5) gekoppelt ist und dessen anderes Ende ortsfest gehalten ist, so daß er in der Bereitschaftsstellung unter Zugspannung steht.
- Aggregat nach Anspruch 4, gekennzeichnet durch die folgenden Merkmale:a) das zu bewegende Bauteil ist eine Flüssigkeitsstrahl-Schneideinrichtung (5) mit wenigstens einer Flüssigkeitsstrahldüse;b) der genannte flexible Strang (3) ist als eine Hochdruck-Schlauchleitung ausgebildet, die zum Zuführen der Schneidflüssigkeit zur Schneideinrichtung (5) dient.
- Aggregat nach einem der Ansprüche 1-4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das zu bewegende Bauteil ein Teil einer Laserstrahl-Schneideinrichtung ist.
- Aggregat nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Kolben (6) der ersten Hochgeschwindigkeits-Hubeinrichtung (1) dauernd mit dem Inneren eines Pneumatik-Druckspeichers (8) in Verbindung steht.
- Aggregat nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die zweite Hochgeschwindigkeits-Hubeinrichtung (2') als eine an sich bekannte mechanische Lineareinheit ausgebildet ist, dessen linear bewegliches Element (21) mittels eines Zahnriemens (22) an einen Antriebsmotor (24) gekoppelt ist (Fig. 2).
- Aggregat nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Hubgeschwindigkeit oder die Hub-Beschleunigung der ersten Hochgeschwindigkeits-Hubeinrichtung (1) mit Hilfe der genannten Umlenkrolle (4) mindestens das 2-fache der Hubgeschwindigkeit bzw. der Hub-Beschleunigung der zweiten Hochgeschwindigkeits-Hubeinrichtung (2; 2') ist.
- Tambourwechsel-System für eine kontinuierlich arbeitende Papier- oder Karton-Herstell- oder Veredelungsmaschine mit zwei gegenläufig beweglichen Schneideinrichtungen (5), dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zwei gegenläufig wirkende Linearantriebs-Aggregate gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 - 9 vorhanden sind.
- Tambourwechsel-System nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schneideinrichtungen (5) als Hochdruck-Flüssigkeitsstrahldüsen für einen Flüssigkeitsdruck im Bereich von 1000 bis 2000 bar oder darüber ausgebildet sind.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19910581 | 1999-03-10 | ||
DE19910581A DE19910581A1 (de) | 1999-03-10 | 1999-03-10 | Linear-Antriebs-Aggregat |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1035052A2 true EP1035052A2 (de) | 2000-09-13 |
EP1035052A3 EP1035052A3 (de) | 2002-02-06 |
EP1035052B1 EP1035052B1 (de) | 2004-09-01 |
Family
ID=7900417
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP99125161A Expired - Lifetime EP1035052B1 (de) | 1999-03-10 | 1999-12-17 | Linear-Antriebs-Aggregat |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6508429B1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1035052B1 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE275085T1 (de) |
CA (1) | CA2300320C (de) |
DE (2) | DE19910581A1 (de) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10321778A1 (de) * | 2003-05-14 | 2005-01-05 | Windmöller & Hölscher Kg | Schneid- und Transportwalze in einer Wickelvorrichtung zum Aufwickeln von Materialbahnen |
DE10358215A1 (de) * | 2003-12-12 | 2005-07-07 | Voith Paper Patent Gmbh | Verfahren zum Aufwickeln einer laufenden Materialbahn sowie Wickelmaschine zur Durchführung des Verfahrens |
WO2010086499A1 (en) * | 2009-01-28 | 2010-08-05 | Metso Paper, Inc. | Device for cutting a fibrous web |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10245322A1 (de) * | 2002-09-27 | 2004-04-08 | Man Roland Druckmaschinen Ag | Verfahren zum Querschneiden einer Bahn |
FI7136U1 (fi) * | 2005-03-31 | 2006-07-24 | Metso Paper Inc | Rainan leikkauslaite |
FI20086124A (fi) * | 2008-11-25 | 2010-05-26 | Metso Paper Inc | Laite ja menetelmä rainan leikkaamiseksi kuiturainakoneella |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3805164A1 (de) * | 1988-02-19 | 1989-08-31 | Krupp Gmbh | Schneidvorrichtung fuer harzmatten |
WO1991003359A1 (en) * | 1989-09-08 | 1991-03-21 | Fibron Machine Corp. | An apparatus for cutting a moving paper sheet by means of a water jet |
EP0802139A2 (de) * | 1996-04-19 | 1997-10-22 | Voith Sulzer Papiermaschinen GmbH | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Durchtrennen einer laufenden Warenbahn |
Family Cites Families (21)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2984426A (en) * | 1958-05-23 | 1961-05-16 | Johnson Rubel Mcneaman | Continuous roll winder |
NL289304A (de) * | 1962-05-15 | 1900-01-01 | ||
US3277761A (en) * | 1963-08-27 | 1966-10-11 | Donald F Dreher | Web severing apparatus |
US3365992A (en) * | 1965-09-23 | 1968-01-30 | Donald F. Dreher | Web severing apparatus |
US3625813A (en) * | 1969-05-19 | 1971-12-07 | Crown Zellerbach Corp | Power-operated cutter for forming lead strips in a paper web |
JPS4836408B1 (de) * | 1970-07-07 | 1973-11-05 | ||
DE2330195A1 (de) * | 1973-06-14 | 1975-01-02 | Hobema Maschf Hermann | Verfahren zum abschlagen einer bahn aus papier, zellstoff oder dgl., sowie vorrichtung zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens |
DD108957A1 (de) * | 1973-12-21 | 1974-10-12 | ||
AT355416B (de) | 1977-04-26 | 1980-03-10 | Escher Wyss Gmbh | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur uebertragung einer papierbahn aus einer papiermaschine |
NO144622C (no) * | 1979-12-13 | 1981-10-07 | Thune Eureka As | Fremfoeringssprits. |
DE8019703U1 (de) * | 1980-07-23 | 1980-10-16 | Gebr. Bellmer Kg Maschinenfabrik, 7532 Niefern | Antriebsvorrichtung fuer schneideinrichtungen in papiermaschinen |
DE3148935C2 (de) * | 1981-12-10 | 1984-11-08 | Lindauer Dornier Gmbh, 8990 Lindau | Vorrichtung zum Querschneiden einer in Längsrichtung bewegten Warenbahn |
DE3515519A1 (de) * | 1985-04-30 | 1986-10-30 | J.M. Voith Gmbh, 7920 Heidenheim | Verfahren zum ueberfuehren einer bahn von einem fertigen wickel auf einen neuen wickelkern sowie tragtrommel-rollapparat zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens |
DE3638777A1 (de) * | 1987-02-24 | 1988-05-26 | Werner Schaedlich | Abschneidevorrichtung |
US4922776A (en) * | 1988-06-06 | 1990-05-08 | Sandy Hill Corporation | Variable width splitter |
US5158648A (en) * | 1988-09-26 | 1992-10-27 | Weldon Scott B | Apparatus for forming a movable threading tail |
FI915432A (fi) * | 1991-11-18 | 1993-05-19 | Valmet Paper Machinery Inc | Foerfarande vid rullning av en bana |
DE9321258U1 (de) * | 1992-07-22 | 1996-11-07 | Emsa-Werke Wulf GmbH & Co, 48282 Emsdetten | Vorrichtung zur Aufnahme von Folienrollen und zum Abtrennen von Teilstücken der Folie |
DE19537173C1 (de) * | 1995-10-06 | 1996-12-19 | Voith Sulzer Papiermasch Gmbh | Streifenabschlageinrichtung |
DE69720214T2 (de) | 1996-06-17 | 2003-12-11 | Beloit Technologies, Inc. | Anwickelvorrichtung für eine aufzuwickelnde materialbahn |
CA2260290C (en) * | 1999-01-25 | 2007-10-09 | Dieter H. Hilker | A web cutting apparatus for use in a papermaking machine |
-
1999
- 1999-03-10 DE DE19910581A patent/DE19910581A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1999-12-17 EP EP99125161A patent/EP1035052B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-12-17 DE DE59910393T patent/DE59910393D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-12-17 AT AT99125161T patent/ATE275085T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2000
- 2000-03-06 US US09/519,349 patent/US6508429B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-03-09 CA CA002300320A patent/CA2300320C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3805164A1 (de) * | 1988-02-19 | 1989-08-31 | Krupp Gmbh | Schneidvorrichtung fuer harzmatten |
WO1991003359A1 (en) * | 1989-09-08 | 1991-03-21 | Fibron Machine Corp. | An apparatus for cutting a moving paper sheet by means of a water jet |
EP0802139A2 (de) * | 1996-04-19 | 1997-10-22 | Voith Sulzer Papiermaschinen GmbH | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Durchtrennen einer laufenden Warenbahn |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10321778A1 (de) * | 2003-05-14 | 2005-01-05 | Windmöller & Hölscher Kg | Schneid- und Transportwalze in einer Wickelvorrichtung zum Aufwickeln von Materialbahnen |
DE10321778B4 (de) * | 2003-05-14 | 2006-03-30 | Windmöller & Hölscher Kg | Schneid- und Transportwalze in einer Wickelvorrichtung zum Aufwickeln von Materialbahnen |
DE10358215A1 (de) * | 2003-12-12 | 2005-07-07 | Voith Paper Patent Gmbh | Verfahren zum Aufwickeln einer laufenden Materialbahn sowie Wickelmaschine zur Durchführung des Verfahrens |
WO2010086499A1 (en) * | 2009-01-28 | 2010-08-05 | Metso Paper, Inc. | Device for cutting a fibrous web |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1035052B1 (de) | 2004-09-01 |
ATE275085T1 (de) | 2004-09-15 |
DE59910393D1 (de) | 2004-10-07 |
EP1035052A3 (de) | 2002-02-06 |
CA2300320A1 (en) | 2000-09-10 |
US6508429B1 (en) | 2003-01-21 |
DE19910581A1 (de) | 2000-09-14 |
CA2300320C (en) | 2008-01-08 |
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