EP1032354A1 - Konditionierendes shampoo - Google Patents
Konditionierendes shampooInfo
- Publication number
- EP1032354A1 EP1032354A1 EP97948272A EP97948272A EP1032354A1 EP 1032354 A1 EP1032354 A1 EP 1032354A1 EP 97948272 A EP97948272 A EP 97948272A EP 97948272 A EP97948272 A EP 97948272A EP 1032354 A1 EP1032354 A1 EP 1032354A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- alkyl
- silicone
- cationic
- composition according
- conditioning shampoo
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
- A61Q5/00—Preparations for care of the hair
- A61Q5/12—Preparations containing hair conditioners
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
- A61K8/40—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing nitrogen
- A61K8/44—Aminocarboxylic acids or derivatives thereof, e.g. aminocarboxylic acids containing sulfur; Salts; Esters or N-acylated derivatives thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
- A61K8/40—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing nitrogen
- A61K8/44—Aminocarboxylic acids or derivatives thereof, e.g. aminocarboxylic acids containing sulfur; Salts; Esters or N-acylated derivatives thereof
- A61K8/442—Aminocarboxylic acids or derivatives thereof, e.g. aminocarboxylic acids containing sulfur; Salts; Esters or N-acylated derivatives thereof substituted by amido group(s)
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
- A61K8/46—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing sulfur
- A61K8/466—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing sulfur containing sulfonic acid derivatives; Salts
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/72—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds
- A61K8/73—Polysaccharides
- A61K8/731—Cellulose; Quaternized cellulose derivatives
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/72—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds
- A61K8/84—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions otherwise than those involving only carbon-carbon unsaturated bonds
- A61K8/89—Polysiloxanes
- A61K8/891—Polysiloxanes saturated, e.g. dimethicone, phenyl trimethicone, C24-C28 methicone or stearyl dimethicone
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/72—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds
- A61K8/84—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions otherwise than those involving only carbon-carbon unsaturated bonds
- A61K8/89—Polysiloxanes
- A61K8/891—Polysiloxanes saturated, e.g. dimethicone, phenyl trimethicone, C24-C28 methicone or stearyl dimethicone
- A61K8/892—Polysiloxanes saturated, e.g. dimethicone, phenyl trimethicone, C24-C28 methicone or stearyl dimethicone modified by a hydroxy group, e.g. dimethiconol
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/72—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds
- A61K8/84—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions otherwise than those involving only carbon-carbon unsaturated bonds
- A61K8/89—Polysiloxanes
- A61K8/896—Polysiloxanes containing atoms other than silicon, carbon, oxygen and hydrogen, e.g. dimethicone copolyol phosphate
- A61K8/898—Polysiloxanes containing atoms other than silicon, carbon, oxygen and hydrogen, e.g. dimethicone copolyol phosphate containing nitrogen, e.g. amodimethicone, trimethyl silyl amodimethicone or dimethicone propyl PG-betaine
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
- A61Q5/00—Preparations for care of the hair
- A61Q5/02—Preparations for cleaning the hair
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y5/00—Nanobiotechnology or nanomedicine, e.g. protein engineering or drug delivery
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2800/00—Properties of cosmetic compositions or active ingredients thereof or formulation aids used therein and process related aspects
- A61K2800/40—Chemical, physico-chemical or functional or structural properties of particular ingredients
- A61K2800/41—Particular ingredients further characterized by their size
- A61K2800/413—Nanosized, i.e. having sizes below 100 nm
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2800/00—Properties of cosmetic compositions or active ingredients thereof or formulation aids used therein and process related aspects
- A61K2800/40—Chemical, physico-chemical or functional or structural properties of particular ingredients
- A61K2800/54—Polymers characterized by specific structures/properties
- A61K2800/542—Polymers characterized by specific structures/properties characterized by the charge
- A61K2800/5426—Polymers characterized by specific structures/properties characterized by the charge cationic
Definitions
- the present invention relates to conditioning shampoo compositions which both cleanse the hair and condition the hair.
- shampooing cleans the hair by removing excess soil and sebum.
- shampooing can leave the hair in a wet, tangled, and generally unmanageable state. Once the hair dries, it is often left in a dry, rough, lusterless, or frizzy condition due to removal of the hair's natural oils and other natural conditioning and moisturizing components.
- the hair can further be left with increased levels of static upon drying, which can interfere with combing and result in a condition commonly referred to as "fly-away hair.”
- conditioning actives In order to provide hair conditioning benefits in a cleansing shampoo base, a wide variety of conditioning actives have been proposed. However, many of these actives have the disadvantage of leaving the hair feeling soiled or coated, of interfering with the cleansing efficacy of the shampoo.
- Coacervate formation in a shampoo composition is known to be advantageous for providing conditioning benefits to the hair.
- the use of cationic polymers to form coacervates are known in the art, such as in PCT publications WO93/08787 and WO95/01152.
- these shampoo compositions are not capable of delivering satisfactory conditioning benefit while the hair is wet.
- the present invention is directed to a conditioning shampoo composition
- a conditioning shampoo composition comprising by weight: (a) from about 0.05% to about 50% of a polyhydrophilic anionic surfactant; (b) from about 0.05% to about 20% of a cationic conditioning agent selected from the group consisting of cationic surfactants, cationic polymers, and mixtures thereof; (c) from about 0.01% to about 20% of a silicone compound; and (d) an aqueous carrier.
- polyhydrophilic anionic surfactants useful herein are those having at least two anionic hydrophilic groups in the molecule.
- One molecule of a polyhydrophilic anionic surfactant may o comprise the same hydrophilic groups, or different hydrophilic groups.
- the hydrophilic group is selected from the group consisting of carboxy, sulfate, sulfonate, and phosphate groups, more preferably at least one carboxy group, still preferably at least two carboxy groups.
- polyhydrophilic anionic 5 surfactants herein with the presence of cationic conditioning agents, are capable of providing a coacervate with a large region which can trap and deliver an increased amount of conditioning agents to the hair surface. It is also believed that coacervates made with polyhydrophilic anionic surfactants herein are readily separated from the water phase, thus also resulting in delivery of an increased o amount of conditioning agents to the hair surface.
- Nonlimiting examples of polyhydrophilic anionic surfactants include N-acyl- L-glutamates such as N-cocoyl-L-glutamate and, N-lauroyl-L-glutamate, sodium lauryl aminodiacetic acid, laurimino diproprionate, and N-lauryl- ⁇ -imino- dipropionate, N-acyl-L-aspartate, polyoxyethylene laurylsulfosuccinate, disodium 5 N-octadecylsulfosuccinate; disodium lauryl sulfosuccinate; diammonium lauryl sulfosuccinate; tetra sodium N-(1 ,2-dicarboxyethyl)-N-octadecylsulfosuccinate; the diamyl ester of sodium sulfosuccinic acid; the dihexyl ester of sodium sulfosuccinic acid; and the di
- R wherein R is an alkyl of 12 to 18 carbons
- R' is a straight or branched alkyl or alkenyl of 5 to 21 carbons
- M1 and M2 independently, are hydrogen, alkaline metal, alkaline earth metal, ammonium, alkyl or alkenyl ammonium of 1 to 22 carbons, alkyl or alkenyl substituted pyridinium of 1 to 18 carbons, or basic amino acids.
- Suitable examples of formula (I) include acid salts of N-acyl-N,N'-ethylenediaminetriacetic acid, such as sodium, triethanolamine and ammonium salts of lauroyl-N,N'- ethylenediaminetriacetic acid, myristoyl-N,N'-ethylenediaminetriacetic acid, cocoyl-N,N'-ethylenediaminetriacetic acid, and oleoyl-N,N'- ethylenediaminetriacetic acid.
- N-acyl-N,N'-ethylenediaminetriacetic acid such as sodium, triethanolamine and ammonium salts of lauroyl-N,N'- ethylenediaminetriacetic acid, myristoyl-N,N'-ethylenediaminetriacetic acid, cocoyl-N,N'-ethylenediaminetriacetic acid, and oleoyl-N,N'- ethylenediaminetriacetic acid.
- Suitable examples of formula (II) include acid and salt forms of N-hexanoyl-N-carboxyethyl- ⁇ -alanine, N-octanoyl-N-carboxyethyl- ⁇ - alanine, N-decanoyl-N-carboxyethyl- ⁇ -alanine, N-lauroyl-N-carboxyethyl- ⁇ - alanine, N-tetradecanoyl-N-hydroxyethyl- ⁇ -alanine, N-hexadecanoyl-N- carboxyethyl- ⁇ -alanine, N-isostearoyl-N-carboxyethyl- ⁇ -alanine, and N-oleoyl-N- carboxyethyl- ⁇ -alanine.
- polyhydrophilic anionic surfactants suitable in the present invention are N-acyl-L-glutamate with a tradename AMISOFT CT-12S, N-cocoyl-L-glutamate with a tradename EMCOL 4400-1 supplied by Witco, lauroyl glutamate with a tradename AMISOFT LS-11 , and acylaspartate with tradenames ASPARACK and AAS supplied by Mitsubishi Chemical, sodium lauryl aminodiacetic acid with a tradename NISSAN ANON LA supplied by Nippon Oil and Fat; and N-acyl-N,N'-ethylenediaminetriacetic acid derivaties with tradename ED3A supplied by Hampshire Chemical Corp.
- the present invention comprises by weight from about 0.05% to about 20% of a cationic conditioning agent.
- the cationic conditioning agents are selected from the group consisting of cationic surfactants, cationic polymers, and mixtures thereof.
- the cationic surfactants useful herein are any known to the artisan.
- Among the cationic surfactants useful herein are those corresponding to the general formula (I):
- R1 , R 2 , R3, and R 4 is selected from an aliphatic group of from 8 to 30 carbon atoms or an aromatic, alkoxy, polyoxyalkylene, alkylamido, hydroxyalkyl, aryl or alkylaryl group having up to about 22 carbon atoms, the remainder of R 1 , R 2 , R3, and R 4 are independently selected from an aliphatic group of from 1 to about 22 carbon atoms or an aromatic, alkoxy, polyoxyalkylene, alkylamido, hydroxyalkyl, aryl or alkylaryl group having up to about 22 carbon atoms; and X is a salt-forming anion such as those selected from halogen, (e.g.
- the aliphatic groups can contain, in addition to carbon and hydrogen atoms, ether linkages, and other groups such as amino groups.
- the longer chain aliphatic groups e.g., those of about 12 carbons, or higher, can be saturated or unsaturated. Preferred is when R 1 , R 2 , R3_ and R 4 are independently selected from C-
- Nonlimiting examples of cationic surfactants useful in the present invention include the materials having the following CTFA designations: quaternium-8, quaternium-14, quaternium-18, quatemium-18 methosulfate, quaternium-24, and mixtures thereof.
- cationic surfactants of general formula (I) preferred are those containing in the molecule at least one alkyl chain having at least 16 carbons.
- preferred cationic surfactants include: behenyl trimethyl ammonium chloride available, for example, with tradename INCROQUAT TMC-80 from Croda and ECONOL TM22 from Sanyo Kasei; cetyl trimethyl ammonium chloride available, for example, with tradename CA-2350 from Nikko Chemicals, hydrogenated tallow alkyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, dialkyl (14-18) dimethyl ammonium chloride, ditallow alkyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, dihydrogenated tallow alkyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, distearyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, dicetyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, di(behenyl/arachidyl) dimethyl ammonium chloride, dibehenyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, stearyl dimethyl benz
- hydrophilically substituted cationic surfactants in which at least one of the substituents contain one or more aromatic, ether, ester, amido, or amino moieties present as substituents or as linkages in the radical chain, wherein at least one of the R 1 - R 4 radicals contain one or more hydrophilic moieties selected from alkoxy (preferably C-i - C3 alkoxy), polyoxyalkylene (preferably C1 - C3 polyoxyalkylene), alkylamido, hydroxyalkyl, alkylester, and combinations thereof.
- the hydrophilically substituted cationic conditioning surfactant contains from 2 to about 10 nonionic hydrophile moieties located within the above stated ranges.
- Preferred hydrophilically substituted cationic surfactants include those of the formula (II) through (VIII) below:
- n is from 8 to about 28, x+y is from 2 to about 40, zl is a short chain alkyl, preferably a C ⁇ - C3 alkyl, more preferably methyl, or (CH2CH2 ⁇ )zH wherein x+y+z is up to 60, and X is a salt forming anion as defined above;
- R 5 , R6, and R 7 are independently an C-
- Z 2 is an alkyl, preferably a C-j - C3 alkyl, more preferably methyl
- Z 3 is a short chain hydroxyalkyl, preferably hydroxymethyl or hydroxyethyl
- p and q independently are integers from 2 to 4, inclusive, preferably from 2 to 3, inclusive, more preferably 2
- R ⁇ and R ⁇ 2 independently, are substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbyls, preferably C12 - C20 alkyl or alkenyl
- X is a salt forming anion as defined above;
- R13 J S a hydrocarbyl, preferably a C-
- R ⁇ 4 and R ⁇ independently, are C-j - C3 alkyl, preferably methyl
- Z 6 is a C12 - C22 hydrocarbyl, alkyl carboxy or alkylamido
- A is a protein, preferably a collagen, keratin, milk protein, silk, soy protein, wheat protein, or hydrolyzed forms thereof
- X is a salt forming anion as defined above;
- Nonlimiting examples of hydrophilically substituted cationic surfactants useful in the present invention include the materials having the following CTFA designations: quaternium-16, quaternium-26, quaternium-27, quaternium-30, quaternium-33, quaternium-43, quatemium-52, quaternium-53, quaternium-56, quatemium-60, quaternium-61 , quaternium-62, quaternium-70, quaternium-71 , quaternium-72, quaternium-75, quaternium-76 hydrolyzed collagen, quaternium-77, quaternium- 78, quaternium-79 hydrolyzed collagen, quaternium-79 hydrolyzed keratin, quaternium-79 hydroly
- hydrophilically substituted cationic surfactants include dialkylamido ethyl hydroxyethylmonium salt, dialkylamidoethyl dimonium salt, dialkyloyl ethyl hydroxyethylmonium salt, dialkyloyl ethyldimonium salt, and mixtures thereof; for example, commerically available under the following tradenames; VARISOFT 110, VARIQUAT K1215 and 638 from Witco Chemical, MACKPRO KLP, MACKPRO WLW, MACKPRO MLP, MACKPRO NSP, MACKPRO NLW, MACKPRO WWP, MACKPRO NLP, MACKPRO SLP from Mclntyre, ETHOQUAD 18/25, ETHOQUAD O/12PG, ETHOQUAD C/25, ETHOQUAD S/25, and ETHODUOQUAD from Akzo, DEHYQUAT SP from Henkel, and ATLAS G265 from ICI Americas.
- Salts of primary, secondary, and tertiary fatty amines are also suitable cationic surfactants.
- the alkyl groups of such amines preferably have from about 12 to about 22 carbon atoms, and can be substituted or unsubstituted. Particularly useful are amido substituted tertiary fatty amines.
- Such amines include stearamidopropyldimethylamine, stearamidopropyldiethylamine, stearamidoethyldiethylamine, stearamidoethyldimethylamine, palmitamidopropyldimethylamine, palmitamidopropyldiethylamine, palmitamidoethyldiethylamine, palmitamidoethyldimethylamine, behenamidopropyldimethylamine, behenamidopropyldiethylamine, behenamidoethyldiethylamine, behenamidoethyldimethylamine, arachidamidopropyldimethylamine, arachidamidopropyldiethylamine, arachidamidoethyldiethylamine, arachidamidoethyldimethylamine, diethyiaminoethylstearamide.
- dimethylstearamine dimethylsoyamine, soyamine, myristylamine, tridecylamine, ethylstearylamine, N-tallowpropane diamine, ethoxylated (with 5 moles of ethylene oxide) stearylamine, dihydroxyethylstearylamine, and arachidylbehenylamine.
- These amines can also be used in combination with acids such as L-glutamic acid, lactic acid, hydrochloric acid, malic acid, succinic acid, acetic acid, fumaric acid, tartaric acid, citric acid, L-glutamic hydrochloride, and mixtures thereof; more preferably L-glutamic acid, lactic acid, citric acid.
- Cationic amine surfactants included among those useful in the present invention are disclosed in U.S. Patent 4,275,055, Nachtigal, et al., issued June 23, 1981, which is incorporated by reference herein in its entirety.
- the cationic surfactants for use herein may also include a plurality of ammonium quaternary moieties or amino moieties, or a mixture thereof.
- the hair conditioning compositions of the present invention can further comprise one or more cationic polymer as a cationic conditioning agent.
- polymer shall include materials whether made by polymerization of one type of monomer or made by two (i.e., copolymers) or more types of monomers.
- the cationic polymer is a water-soluble cationic polymer.
- water soluble cationic polymer what is meant is a polymer which is sufficiently soluble in water to form a substantially clear solution to the naked eye at a concentration of 0.1% in water (distilled or equivalent) at 25°C.
- the preferred polymer will be sufficiently soluble to form a substantially clear solution at 0.5% concentration, more preferably at 1.0% concentration.
- the cationic polymers hereof will generally have a weight average molecular weight which is at least about 5,000, typically at least about 10,000, and is less than about 10 million. Preferably, the molecular weight is from about 100,000 to about 2 million.
- the cationic polymers will generally have cationic nitrogen-containing moieties such as quaternary ammonium or cationic amino moieties, and mixtures thereof.
- the cationic charge density is preferably at least about 0.1 meq/gram, more preferably at least about 1.5 meq/gram, even more preferably at least about 1.1 meq/gram, still more preferably at least about 1.2 meq/gram.
- Cationic charge density of the cationic polymer can be determined according to the Kjeldahl Method. Those skilled in the art will recognize that the charge density of amino-containing polymers may vary depending upon pH and the isoelectric point of the amino groups. The charge density should be within the above limits at the pH of intended use.
- Any anionic counterions can be utilized for the cationic polymers so long as the water solubility criteria is met.
- Suitable counterions include halides (e.g., Cl, Br, I, or F, preferably Cl, Br, or I), sulfate, and methylsulfate. Others can also be used, as this list is not exclusive.
- the cationic nitrogen-containing moiety will be present generally as a substituent, on a fraction of the total monomer units of the cationic hair conditioning polymers.
- the cationic polymer can comprise copolymers, terpolymers, etc. of quaternary ammonium or cationic amine-substituted monomer units and other non-cationic units referred to herein as spacer monomer units.
- Such polymers are known in the art, and a variety can be found in the CTFA Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary, 3rd edition, edited by Estrin, Crosley, and Haynes, (The Cosmetic, Toiletry, and Fragrance Association, Inc., Washington, D.C., 1982).
- Suitable cationic polymers include, for example, copolymers of vinyl monomers having cationic amine or quaternary ammonium functionalities with water soluble spacer monomers such as acrylamide, methacrylamide, alkyl and dialkyl acrylamides, alkyl and dialkyl methacrylamides, alkyl acrylate, alkyl methacrylate, vinyl caprolactone, and vinyl pyrrolidone.
- the alkyl and dialkyl substituted monomers preferably have C-
- Other suitable spacer monomers include vinyl esters, vinyl alcohol (made by hydrolysis of polyvinyl acetate), maleic anhydride, propylene glycol, and ethylene glycol.
- the cationic amines can be primary, secondary, or tertiary amines, depending upon the particular species and the pH of the composition. In general, secondary and tertiary amines, especially tertiary amines, are preferred.
- Amine-substituted vinyl monomers can be polymerized in the amine form, and then optionally can be converted to ammonium by a quaternization reaction. Amines can also be similarly quaternized subsequent to formation of the polymer.
- tertiary amine functionalities can be quaternized by reaction with a salt of the formula R'X wherein R' is a short chain alkyl, preferably a Ci - C7 alkyl, more preferably a C-
- Suitable cationic amino and quaternary ammonium monomers include, for example, vinyl compounds substituted with dialkylaminoalkyl acrylate, dialkylaminoalkyl methacrylate, monoalkylaminoalkyl acrylate, monoalkylaminoalkyl methacrylate, trialkyl methacryloxyalkyl ammonium salt, trialkyl acryloxyalkyl ammonium salt, diallyl quaternary ammonium salts, and vinyl quaternary ammonium monomers having cyclic cationic nitrogen-containing rings such as pyridinium, imidazolium, and quaternized pyrrolidone, e.g., alkyl vinyl imidazolium, alkyl vinyl pyridinium, alkyl vinyl pyrrolidone salts.
- the alkyl portions of these monomers are preferably lower alkyls such as the C-
- Suitable amine-substituted vinyl monomers for use herein include dialkylaminoalkyl acrylate, dialkylaminoalkyl methacrylate, dialkylaminoalkyl acrylamide, and dialkylaminoalkyl methacrylamide, wherein the alkyl groups are preferably C-
- the cationic polymers hereof can comprise mixtures of monomer units derived from amine- and/or quaternary ammonium-substituted monomer and/or compatible spacer monomers.
- Suitable cationic hair conditioning polymers include, for example: copolymers of 1-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone and 1-vinyl-3-methylimidazolium salt (e.g., chloride salt) (referred to in the industry by the Cosmetic, Toiletry, and Fragrance Association, "CTFA", as Polyquaternium-16), such as those commercially available from BASF Wyandotte Corp.
- CTFA Cosmetic, Toiletry, and Fragrance Association
- Suitable cationic polymers are amphoteric terpolymers consisting of acrylic acid methacrylamidopropyl trimethylammonium chloride and methyl acrylate, having a structure as shown below referred to in the industry (CTFA) as Polyquaternium 47.
- CTFA commercially referred to in the industry
- An example of a suitable commerical mateiral is MERQUAT 2001® wherein the ratio of n:n':n" is 45:45:10 supplied by Calgon Corp.
- cationic polymers that can be used include polysaccharide polymers, such as cationic cellulose derivatives and cationic starch derivatives.
- Cationic polysaccharide polymer materials suitable for use herein include those of the formula:
- A is an anhydroglucose residual group, such as a starch or cellulose anhydroglucose residual
- R is an alkylene oxyalkylene, polyoxyalkylene, or hydroxyalkylene group, or combination thereof
- R 1 , R 2 , and R 3 independently are alkyl, aryl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl, alkoxyalkyl, or alkoxyaryl groups, each group containing up to about 18 carbon atoms, and the total number of carbon atoms for each cationic moiety (i.e., the sum of carbon atoms in R1 , R 2 and R 3 ) preferably being about 20 or less
- X is an anionic counterion, as previously described.
- Cationic cellulose is available from Amerchol Corp. (Edison, NJ, USA) in their Polymer JR® and LR® series of polymers, as salts of hydroxyethyl cellulose reacted with trimethyl ammonium substituted epoxide, referred to in the industry (CTFA) as Polyquaternium 10.
- CTFA trimethyl ammonium substituted epoxide
- Another type of cationic cellulose includes the polymeric quaternary ammonium salts of hydroxyethyl cellulose reacted with lauryl dimethyl ammonium-substituted epoxide, referred to in the industry (CTFA) as Polyquaternium 24. These materials are available from Amerchol Corp. (Edison, NJ, USA) under the tradename Polymer LM-200®.
- cationic polymers that can be used include cationic guar gum derivatives, such as guar hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride (commercially available from Celanese Corp. in their Jaguar R series).
- Other materials include quaternary nitrogen-containing cellulose ethers (e.g., as described in U.S. Patent 3,962,418, incorporated herein by reference), and copolymers of etherified cellulose and starch (e.g., as described in U.S. Patent 3,958,581 , incorporated herein by reference.)
- the present invention comprises by weight from about 0.01% to about 20%, preferably from about 0.05% to about 10% of a silicone compound.
- the silicone compounds useful herein include volatile soluble or insoluble, or nonvolatile soluble or insoluble silicone conditioning agents.
- soluble what is meant is that the silicone compound is miscible with the carrier of the composition so as to form part of the same phase.
- insoluble what is meant is that the silicone forms a separate, discontinuous phase from the carrier, such as in the form of an emulsion or a suspension of droplets of the silicone.
- the silicone compounds herein may be made by any suitable method known in the art, including emulsion polymerization.
- the silicone compounds may further be incorporated in the present composition in the form of an emulsion, wherein the emulsion is made my mechanical mixing, or in the stage of synthesis through emulsion polymerization, with or without the aid of a surfactant selected from anionic surfactants, nonionic surfactants, cationic surfactants, and mixtures thereof.
- the silicone compounds for use herein will preferably have a viscosity of from about 1 ,000 to about 2,000,000 centistokes at 25°C, more preferably from about 10,000 to about 1 ,800,000, and even more preferably from about 100,000 to about 1 ,500,000.
- the viscosity can be measured by means of a glass capillary viscometer as set forth in Dow Corning Corporate Test Method CTM0004, July 20, 1970, which is incorporated by reference herein in its entirety.
- Silicone compound of high molecular weight may be made by emulsion polymerization. Suitable silicone fluids include polyalkyl siloxanes, polyaryl siloxanes, polyalkylaryl siloxanes, polyether siloxane copolymers, and mixtures thereof. Other nonvolatile silicone compounds having hair conditioning properties can also be used.
- silicone compounds herein also include polyalkyl or polyaryl siloxanes with the following structure (I)
- R is alkyl or aryl
- x is an integer from about 7 to about 8,000.
- A represents groups which block the ends of the silicone chains.
- the alkyl or aryl groups substituted on the siloxane chain (R) or at the ends of the siloxane chains (A) can have any structure as long as the resulting silicone remains fluid at room temperature, is dispersible, is neither irritating, toxic nor otherwise harmful when applied to the hair, is compatible with the other components of the composition, is chemically stable under normal use and storage conditions, and is capable of being deposited on and conditions the hair.
- Suitable A groups include hydroxy, methyl, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, and aryloxy.
- the two R groups on the silicon atom may represent the same group or different groups.
- the two R groups represent the same group.
- Suitable R groups include methyl, ethyl, propyl, phenyl, methylphenyl and phenylmethyl.
- the preferred silicone compounds are polydimethylsiloxane, polydiethylsiloxane, and polymethylphenylsiloxane. Polydimethylsiloxane, which is also known as dimethicone, is especially preferred.
- the polyalkylsiloxanes that can be used include, for example, polydimethylsiloxanes. These silicone compounds are available, for example, from the General Electric Company in their ViscasilR and SF 96 series, and from Dow Corning in their Dow Corning 200 series.
- Polyalkylaryl siloxane fluids can also be used and include, for example, polymethylphenylsiloxanes. These siloxanes are available, for example, from the General Electric Company as SF 1075 methyl phenyl fluid or from Dow Corning as 556 Cosmetic Grade Fluid. Especially preferred, for enhancing the shine characteristics of hair, are highly arylated silicone compounds, such as highly phenylated polyethyl silicone having refractive index of about 1.46 or higher, especially about 1.52 or higher. When these high refractive index silicone compounds are used, they should be mixed with a spreading agent, such as a surfactant or a silicone resin, as described below to decrease the surface tension and enhance the film forming ability of the material.
- a spreading agent such as a surfactant or a silicone resin
- the silicone compounds that can be used include, for example, a polypropylene oxide modified polydimethylsiloxane although ethylene oxide or mixtures of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide can also be used.
- the ethylene oxide and polypropylene oxide level should be sufficiently low so as not to interfere with the dispersibility characteristics of the silicone. These material are also known as dimethicone copolyols.
- Suitable alkylamino substituted silicone compounds include those represented by the following structure (II)
- R is CH3 or OH
- x and y are integers which depend on the molecular weight, the average molecular weight being approximately between 5,000 and 10,000.
- This polymer is also known as "amodimethicone”.
- Suitable amino substituted silicone fluids include those represented by the formula (III) (R 1 )aG3.a-Si-(-OSiG2)n-(-OSiG b (R 1 )2.b)m-0-SiG 3 .
- G is chosen from the group consisting of hydrogen, phenyl, OH, C-
- R2 is chosen from the group consisting of hydrogen, phenyl, benzyl, a saturated hydrocarbon radical, preferably an alkyl radical containing from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and A " denotes a halide ion.
- n and m are selected depending on the exact molecular weight of the compound desired.
- R 3 denotes a monovalent hydrocarbon radical having from 1 to 18 carbon atoms, preferably an alkyl or alkenyl radical such as methyl
- R4 denotes a hydrocarbon radical, preferably a C-
- Q " is a halide ion, preferably chloride
- r denotes an average statistical value from 2 to 20, preferably from 2 to 8
- s denotes an average statistical value from 20 to 200, and preferably from 20 to 50.
- a preferred polymer of this class is available from Union Carbide under the name "UCAR SILICONE ALE 56.”
- references disclosing suitable nonvolatile dispersed silicone compounds include U.S. Patent No. 2,826,551 , to Geen; U.S. Patent No. 3,964,500, to Drakoff, issued June 22, 1976; U.S. Patent No. 4,364,837, to Pader; and British Patent No. 849,433, to Woolston, all of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. Also incorporated herein by reference in its entirety is "Silicon Compounds" distributed by Petrarch Systems, Inc., 1984. This reference provides an extensive, though not exclusive, listing of suitable silicone compounds.
- silicone gum means a polyorganosiloxane material having a viscosity at 25°C of greater than or equal to 1 ,000,000 centistokes. It is recognized that the silicone gums described herein can also have some overlap with the above-disclosed silicone compounds. This overlap is not intended as a limitation on any of these materials. Silicone gums are described by Petrarch, and others including U.S. Patent No. 4,152,416, to Spitzer et al., issued May 1 , 1979 and Noll, Walter, Chemistry and Technology of Silicones, New York: Academic Press 1968.
- silicone gums will typically have a mass molecular weight in excess of about 200,000, generally between about 200,000 and about 1 ,000,000. Specific examples include polydimethylsiloxane, polydimethylsiloxane methylvinylsiloxane) copolymer, polydimethylsiloxane diphenylsiloxane methylvinylsiloxane) copolymer and mixtures thereof.
- silicone resins which are highly crosslinked polymeric siloxane systems.
- the crosslinking is introduced through the incorporation of tri- functional and tetra-functional silanes with mono-functional or di-functional, or both, silanes during manufacture of the silicone resin.
- the degree of crosslinking that is required in order to result in a silicone resin will vary according to the specific silane units incorporated into the silicone resin.
- silicone materials which have a sufficient level of trifunctional and tetrafunctional siloxane monomer units, and hence, a sufficient level of crosslinking, such that they dry down to a rigid, or hard, film are considered to be silicone resins.
- the ratio of oxygen atoms to silicon atoms is indicative of the level of crosslinking in a particular silicone material.
- Silicone materials which have at least about 1.1 oxygen atoms per silicon atom will generally be silicone resins herein.
- the ratio of oxygen:silicon atoms is at least about 1.2:1.0.
- Silanes used in the manufacture of silicone resins include monomethyl-, dimethyl-, trimethyl-, monophenyl-, diphenyl-, methylphenyl-, monovinyl-, and methylvinylchlorosilanes, and tetrachlorosilane, with the methyl substituted silanes being most commonly utilized.
- Preferred resins are offered by General Electric as GE SS4230 and SS4267.
- silicone resins will generally be supplied in a dissolved form in a low viscosity volatile or nonvolatile silicone fluid.
- the silicone resins for use herein should be supplied and incorporated into the present compositions in such dissolved form, as will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art. Without being bound by theory, it is believed that the silicone resins can enhance deposition of other silicone compounds on the hair and can enhance the glossiness of hair with high refractive index volumes.
- silicone resin powders such as the material given the CTFA designation polymethylsilsequioxane, which is commercially available as TospearlTM f rom j os hiba Silicones.
- silicone materials and silicone resins in particular, can conveniently be identified according to a shorthand nomenclature system well known to those skilled in the art as the "MDTQ" nomenclature. Under this system, the silicone is described according to the presence of various siloxane monomer units which make up the silicone.
- M denotes the mono-functional unit (CH3)3SiO) 5
- D denotes the difunctional unit (CH3)2SiO
- T denotes the trifunctional unit (CH3)SiO-
- Q denotes the quadri- or tetra-functional unit Si ⁇ 2- Primes of the unit symbols, e.g., M', D', T', and Q' denote substituents other than methyl, and must be specifically defined for each occurrence.
- Typical alternate substituents include groups such as vinyl, phenyl, amino, hydroxyl, etc.
- the molar ratios of the various units either in terms of subscripts to the symbols indicating the total number of each type of unit in the silicone, or an average thereof, or as specifically indicated ratios in combination with molecular weight, complete the description of the silicone material under the MDTQ system.
- Higher relative molar amounts of T, Q, T and/or Q' to D, D', M and/or or M' in a silicone resin is indicative of higher levels of crosslinking.
- the overall level of crosslinking can also be indicated by the oxygen to silicon ratio.
- the silicone resins for use herein which are preferred are MQ, MT, MTQ, MQ and MDTQ resins.
- the preferred silicone substituent is methyl.
- MQ resins wherein the M:Q ratio is from about 0.5:1.0 to about 1.5:1.0 and the average molecular weight of the resin is from about 1000 to about 10,000.
- silicone compounds which are highly suitable herein include Dimethicone with tradename D-130, cetyl Dimethicone with tradename DC2502, stearyl Dimethicone with tradename DC2503, emulsified polydimethyl siloxanes with tradenames DC1664 and DC1784, and alkyl grafted copolymer silicone emulsion with tradename DC2-2845; all available from Dow Corning Corporation, and emulsion polymerized Dimethiconol available from Toshiba Silicone as described in GB application 2,303,857, incorporated herein by reference.
- compositions of the present invention comprise an aqueous carrier.
- the level and species of the carrier are selected according to the compatibility with other components, and other desired characteristic of the product.
- the carrier useful in the present invention include water and water solutions of lower alkyl alcohols and polyhydric alcohols.
- the lower alkyl alcohol useful herein are monohydric alcohols having 1 to 6 carbons, more preferably ethanol and isopropanol.
- the polyhydric alcohols useful herein include propylene glycol, hexylene glycol, glycerin, and propane diol.
- the aqueous carrier is substantially water. Deionized water is preferably used. Water from natural sources including mineral cations can also be used, depending on the desired characteristic of the product.
- the compositions of the present invention comprise from about 20% to about 95%, preferably from about 30% to about 92%, and more preferably from about 50% to about 90% water.
- compositions of the present invention may further contain an additional detersive surfactant selected from the group consisting of secondary anionic surfactants, amphoteric surfactants, zwitterionic surfactants, nonionic surfactants, and mixtures thereof.
- additional detersive surfactant selected from the group consisting of secondary anionic surfactants, amphoteric surfactants, zwitterionic surfactants, nonionic surfactants, and mixtures thereof.
- the level and species of the additional detersive surfactant are selected according to the compatibility with other components, and desired characteristic of the product.
- the additional detersive surfactant contains a secondary anionic surfactant, more preferably further contains an amphoteric surfactant. In a still preferred embodiment, the additional detersive surfactant is substantially free of alkyl sulfate surfactants.
- detersive surfactant is intended to distinguish these surfactants from surfactants which are primarily emulsifying surfactants, i.e. surfactants which provide an emulsifying benefit and which have low cleansing performance. It is recognized that most surfactants have both detersive and emulsifying properties. It is not intended to exclude emulsifying surfactants from the present invention, provided the surfactant also possesses sufficient detersive properties to be useful herein.
- the additional detersive surfactant is included at a level so that the total of additional detersive surfactant and polyhydrophilic anionic surfactant are from about 5% to about 75%, preferably from about 8% to about 50%, and more preferably from about 10% to about 30%, by weight of the composition.
- Secondary Anionic Surfactants Anionic surfactants useful herein include alkyl and alkyl ether sulfates.
- ROSOgM and RO(C 2 H 4 O) ⁇ SO 3 M wherein R is alkyl or alkenyl of from about 8 to about 30 carbon atoms, x is 1 to about 10, and M is hydrogen or a cation such as ammonium, alkanolammonium (e.g., triethanolammonium), a monovalent metal cation (e.g., sodium and potassium), or a polyvalent metal cation (e.g., magnesium and calcium).
- M should be chosen such that the anionic surfactant component is water soluble.
- the anionic surfactant or surfactants should be chosen such that the Krafft temperature is about 15°C or less, preferably about 10°C or less, and more preferably about 0°C or less. It is also preferred that the anionic surfactant be soluble in the composition hereof.
- Krafft temperature refers to the point at which solubility of an ionic surfactant becomes determined by crystal lattice energy and heat of hydration, and corresponds to a point at which solubility undergoes a sharp, discontinuous increase with increasing temperature.
- Each type of surfactant will have its own characteristic Krafft temperature.
- Krafft temperature for ionic surfactants is, in general, well known and understood in the art.
- R has from about 12 to about 18 carbon atoms in both the alkyl and alkyl ether sulfates.
- the alkyl ether sulfates are typically made as condensation products of ethylene oxide and monohydric alcohols having from about 8 to about 24 carbon atoms.
- the alcohols can be derived from fats, e.g., coconut oil, palm oil, tallow, or the like, or the alcohols can be synthetic. Lauryl alcohol and straight chain alcohols derived from coconut oil and palm oil are preferred herein. Such alcohols are reacted with 1 to about 10, and especially about 3, molar proportions of ethylene oxide and the resulting mixture of molecular species having, for example, an average of 3 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of alcohol, is sulfated and neutralized.
- alkyl ether sulfates which can be used in the present invention are sodium and ammonium salts of coconut alkyl triethylene glycol ether sulfate; tallow alkyl triethylene glycol ether sulfate, and tallow alkyl hexaoxyethylene sulfate.
- Highly preferred alkyl ether sulfates are those comprising a mixture of individual compounds, said mixture having an average alkyl chain length of from about 12 to about 16 carbon atoms and an average degree of ethoxylation of from 1 to about 4 moles of ethylene oxide.
- Such a mixture also comprises from 0% to about 20% by weight C, ⁇ ⁇ - compounds; from about 60% to about 100% by weight of C 14 -i c .-ig compounds, from 0% to about 20% by weight of C 17 _ 18 _ ⁇ g compounds; from about 3% to about 30% by weight of compounds having a degree of ethoxylation of 0; from about 45% to about 90% by weight of compounds having a degree of ethoxylation of from 1 to about 4; from about 10% to about 25% by weight of compounds having a degree of ethoxylation of from about 4 to about 8; and from about 0.1% to about 15% by weight of compounds having a degree of ethoxylation greater than about 8.
- Suitable anionic surfactants are the water-soluble salts of organic, sulfuhc acid reaction products of the general formula [RI-SO3-M] where R1 is selected from the group consisting of a straight or branched chain, saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having from about 8 to about 24, preferably about 10 to about 18, carbon atoms; and M is as previously described above in this section.
- surfactants are the salts of an organic sulfuhc acid reaction product of a hydrocarbon of the methane series, including iso-, neo-, and n-paraffins, having about 8 to about 24 carbon atoms, preferably about 12 to about 18 carbon atoms and a sulfonating agent, e.g., SO3, H2SO4, obtained according to known sulfonation methods, including bleaching and hydrolysis.
- a sulfonating agent e.g., SO3, H2SO4
- alkali metal and ammonium sulfonated C- ⁇ o-18 n-paraffins are preferred.
- anionic surfactants include olefin sulfonates having about 10 to about 24 carbon atoms.
- olefin sulfonates is used herein to mean compounds which can be produced by the sulfonation of alpha-olefins by means of uncomplexed sulfur trioxide, followed by neutralization of the acid reaction mixture in conditions such that any sulfones which have been formed in the reaction are hydrolyzed to give the corresponding hydroxy-alkanesulfonates.
- the sulfur trioxide can be liquid or gaseous, and is usually, but not necessarily, diluted by inert diluents, for example by liquid SO2, chlorinated hydrocarbons, etc., when used in the liquid form, or by air, nitrogen, gaseous SO2, etc., when used in the gaseous form.
- the ⁇ -olefins from which the olefin sulfonates are derived are mono-olefins having about 12 to about 24 carbon atoms, preferably about 14 to about 16 carbon atoms. Preferably, they are straight chain olefins.
- the olefin sulfonates can contain minor amounts of other materials, such as alkene disulfonates depending upon the reaction conditions, proportion of reactants, the nature of the starting olefins and impurities in the olefin stock and side reactions during the sulfonation process.
- alkene disulfonates depending upon the reaction conditions, proportion of reactants, the nature of the starting olefins and impurities in the olefin stock and side reactions during the sulfonation process.
- a specific ⁇ -olefin sulfonate mixture of the above type is described more fully in U.S. Patent 3,332,880, to Pflaumer and Kessler, issued July 25, 1967, which is incorporated by reference herein in its entirety.
- anionic surfactants are the reaction products of fatty acids esterified with isethionic acid and neutralized with sodium hydroxide where, for example, the fatty acids are derived from coconut or palm oil; or sodium or potassium salts of fatty acid amides of methyl tauride in which the fatty acids, for example, are derived from coconut oil.
- Other similar anionic surfactants are described in U.S. Patents 2,486,921, 2,486,922, and 2,396,278, which are incorporated by reference herein in their entirety.
- anionic surfactants suitable for use in the shampoo compositions are the ⁇ -alkyloxy alkane sulfonates. These compounds have the following formula:
- R ⁇ is a straight chain alkyl group having from about 6 to about 20 carbon atoms
- R 2 is a lower alkyl group having from about 1 , preferred, to about 3 carbon atoms
- M is as hereinbefore described.
- anionic surfactants suitable for use in the shampoo compositions are described in McCutcheon's, Emulsifiers and Detergents, 1989 Annual, published by M. C. Publishing Co., and in U.S. Patent 3,929,678, which descriptions are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.
- anionic surfactants are amino acid surfactants which are sufactants that have the basic chemical structure of an amino acid compound, i.e., that contains a structural component of one of the naturally- occurring amino acids.
- Preferred anionic surfactants for use in the shampoo compositions include ammonium laureth sulfate, triethylamine laureth sulfate, triethanolamine laureth sulfate, monoethanolamine laureth sulfate, diethanolamine laureth sulfate, lauric monoglyceride sodium sulfate, sodium laureth sulfate, potassium laureth sulfate, sodium tridecyl benzene sulfonate, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, N- cocoylalaninate, N-acyl-N-methyl- ⁇ -alaninate, sodium laurylsarcosinate, cocoyl sarcosine, lauroyl taurate, lauroyl
- Amphoteric surfactants useful herein include those called zwitterionic surfactants in the art.
- Amphoteric surfactants useful herein include the derivatives of aliphatic secondary and tertiary amines in which the aliphatic radical is straight or branched and one of the aliphatic substituents contains from about 8 to about 18 carbon atoms and one contains an anionic water solubilizing group, e.g., carboxy, sulfonate, sulfate, phosphate, or phosphonate.
- Amphoteric surfactants for use herein include the derivatives of aliphatic quaternary ammonium, phosphonium, and sulfonium compounds, in which the aliphatic radicals are straight or branched, and wherein one of the aliphatic substituents contains from about 8 to about 18 carbon atoms and one contains an anionic group, e.g., carboxy, sulfonate, sulfate, phosphate, or phosphonate.
- a general formula for these compounds is:
- R contains an alkyl, alkenyl, or hydroxy alkyl radical of from about 8 to about 18 carbon atoms, from 0 to about 10 ethylene oxide moieties and from 0 to about 1 glyceryl moiety;
- Y is selected from the group consisting of nitrogen,
- R is an alkyl or monohydroxyalkyl group containing 1 to about 3 carbon atoms
- X is 1 when Y is a sulfur atom, and 2 when
- Y is a nitrogen or phosphorus atom
- R is an alkylene or hydroxyalkylene of from 1 to about 4 carbon atoms
- Z is a radical selected from the group consisting of carboxylate, sulfonate, sulfate, phosphonate, and phosphate groups.
- amphoteric surfactants also include sultaines and amidosultaines.
- Sultaines, including amidosultaines include for example, cocodimethylpropylsultaine, stearyldimethylpropylsultaine, lauryl-bis-(2- hydroxyethyl)propylsultaine and the like; and the amidosultaines such as cocamidodimethylpropylsultaine, stearylamidododimethylpropylsultaine, laurylamido-bis-(2-hydroxyethyl)propylsultaine, and the like.
- amidohydroxysultaines such as the Cs-C-i ⁇ hydrocarbylamidopropylhydroxy sultaines, especially C8-C14 hydrocarbylamidopropylhydroxysultaines, e.g., laurylamidopropylhydroxysultaine and cocamidopropylhydroxysultaine.
- Cs-C-i ⁇ hydrocarbylamidopropylhydroxy sultaines especially C8-C14 hydrocarbylamidopropylhydroxysultaines, e.g., laurylamidopropylhydroxysultaine and cocamidopropylhydroxysultaine.
- Other sultaines are described in U.S. Patent 3,950,417, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
- amphoteric surfactants are the aminoalkanoates of the formula RNH(CH2) n COOM, the iminodialkanoates of the formula RN[(CH2)mCOOM]2 and mixtures thereof; wherein n and m are numbers from 1 to about 4, R is C8 - C22 alkyl or alkenyl, and M is hydrogen, alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, ammonium or alkanolammonium.
- amphoteric surfactants include those represented by the formula :
- R 1 is Cs - C22 alkyl or alkenyl, preferably Cs - C ⁇ ⁇ Q
- R 2 and R 3 is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, -CH2CO2M, - CH2CH2OH, -CH2CH2OCH2CH2COOM, or -(CH2CH2 ⁇ ) m H wherein m is an integer from 1 to about 25, and R 4 is hydrogen, -CH2CH2OH, or CH2CH2OCH2CH2COOM, Z is CO 2 M or CH 2 CO 2 M, n is 2 or 3, preferably 2, M is hydrogen or a cation, such as alkali metal (e.g., lithium, sodium, potassium), alkaline earth metal (beryllium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium), or ammonium.
- alkali metal e.g., lithium, sodium, potassium
- alkaline earth metal beryllium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium
- This type of surfactant is sometimes classified as an imidazoline- type amphoteric surfactant, although it should be recognized that it does not necessarily have to be derived, directly or indirectly, through an imidazoline intermediate.
- Suitable materials of this type are marketed under the tradename MIRANOL and are understood to comprise a complex mixture of species, and can exist in protonated and non-protonated species depending upon pH with respect to species that can have a hydrogen at R 2 . All such variations and species are meant to be encompassed by the above formula.
- surfactants of the above formula are monocarboxylates and di-carboxylates.
- examples of these materials include cocoamphocarboxypropionate, cocoamphocarboxypropionic acid, cocoamphocarboxyglycinate (alternately referred to as cocoamphodiacetate), and cocoamphoacetate.
- MIRANOL C2M CONC. N.P. MIRANOL C2M CONC. O.P.
- MIRANOL C2M SF MIRANOL CM SPECIAL (Miranol, Inc.); ALKATERIC 2CIB (Alkaril Chemicals); AMPHOTERGE W-2 (Lonza, Inc.); MONATERIC CDX-38, MONATERIC CSH-32 (Mona Industries); REWOTERIC AM-2C (Rewo Chemical Group); and SCHERCOTERIC MS-2 (Scher Chemicals).
- Betaine surfactants i.e. zwitterionic surfactants, suitable for use in the conditioning compositions are those represented by the formula:
- R ⁇ is a member selected from the group consisting of
- R 2 is lower alkyl or hydroxyalkyl
- R 3 is lower alkyl or hydroxyalkyl
- R 4 is a member selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and lower alkyl
- R ⁇ is higher alkyl or alkenyl
- Y is lower alkyl, preferably methyl
- m is an integer from 2 to 7, preferably from 2 to 3
- n is the integer 1 or 0
- M is hydrogen or a cation, as previously described, such as an alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, or ammonium.
- lower alkyl or "hydroxyalkyl” means straight or branch chained, saturated, aliphatic hydrocarbon radicals and substituted hydrocarbon radicals having from one to about three carbon atoms such as, for example, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, hydroxypropyl, hydroxyethyl, and the like.
- higher alkyl or alkenyl means straight or branch chained saturated (i.e., “higher alkyl") and unsaturated (i.e., “higher alkenyl”) aliphatic hydrocarbon radicals having from about 8 to about 20 carbon atoms such as, for example, lauryl, cetyl, stearyl, oleyl, and the like. It should be understood that the term “higher alkyl or alkenyl” includes mixtures of radicals which may contain one or more intermediate linkages such as ether or polyether linkages or non-functional substituents such as hydroxyl or halogen radicals wherein the radical remains of hydrophobic character.
- surfactant betaines of the above formula wherein n is zero which are useful herein include the alkylbetaines such as cocodimethylcarboxymethylbetaine, lauryldimethylcarboxymethylbetaine, lauryldimethyl- ⁇ -carboxyethylbetaine, cetyldimethylcarboxymethylbetaine, lauryl- bis-(2-hydroxyethyl)-carboxymethylbetaine, stearyl-bis-(2- hydroxypropyl)carboxymethylbetaine, oleyldimethyl- ⁇ -carboxypropylbetaine, lauryl-bis-(2-hydroxypropyl)- ⁇ -carboxyethylbetaine, etc.
- alkylbetaines such as cocodimethylcarboxymethylbetaine, lauryldimethylcarboxymethylbetaine, lauryldimethyl- ⁇ -carboxyethylbetaine, cetyldimethylcarboxymethylbetaine, lauryl- bis-(2-hydroxye
- the sulfobetaines may be represented by cocodimethylsulfopropylbetaine, stearyldimethylsulfopropylbetaine, lauryl-bis-(2-hydroxyethyl)-sulfopropylbetaine, 5 and the like.
- amido betaines and amidosulfobetaines useful in the conditioning compositions include the amidocarboxybetaines, such as cocamidodimethylcarboxymethylbetaine, laurylamidodimethylcarboxymethylbetaine, ⁇ o cetylamidodimethylcarboxymethylbetaine, laurylamido-bis-(2-hydroxyethyl)- carboxymethylbetaine, cocamido-bis-(2-hydroxyethyl)-carboxymethylbetaine, etc.
- amidocarboxybetaines such as cocamidodimethylcarboxymethylbetaine, laurylamidodimethylcarboxymethylbetaine, ⁇ o cetylamidodimethylcarboxymethylbetaine, laurylamido-bis-(2-hydroxyethyl)- carboxymethylbetaine, cocamido-bis-(2-hydroxyethyl)-carboxymethylbetaine, etc.
- amidosulfobetaines may be represented by cocamidodimethylsulfopropylbetaine, stearylamidodimethylsulfopropylbetaine, laurylamido-bis-(2-hydroxyethyl)-sulfopropylbetaine, and the like.
- the shampoo compositions of the present invention can comprise a nonionic surfactant.
- Nonionic surfactants include those compounds produced by condensation of alkylene oxide groups, hydrophilic in nature, with an organic hydrophobic compound, which may be aliphatic or alkyl aromatic in nature.
- nonionic surfactants for use in the shampoo compositions include the following:
- polyethylene oxide condensates of alkyl phenols e.g., the condensation products of alkyl phenols having an alkyl group containing from about 6 to about 20 carbon atoms in either a straight chain or branched chain 5 configuration, with ethylene oxide, the said ethylene oxide being present in amounts equal to from about 10 to about 60 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of alkyl phenol;
- R contains an alkyl, alkenyl or monohydroxyalkyl radical ranging from about 8 to about 18 carbon atoms in chain length, from 0 to about 10 ethylene oxide moieties and from 0 to 1 glyceryl moieties and R' and R" are each alkyl or monohydroxyalkyl groups containing from about 1 to about 3 carbon atoms;
- long chain dialkyl sulfoxides containing one short chain alkyl or hydroxy alkyl radical of from 1 to about 3 carbon atoms (usually methyl) and one long hydrophobic chain which include alkyl, alkenyl, hydroxy alkyl, or keto alkyl radicals containing from about 8 to about 20 carbon atoms, from 0 to about 10 ethylene oxide moieties and from 0 to 1 glyceryl moieties;
- alkyl polysaccharide (APS) surfactants e.g. alkyl polyglycosides
- alkyl polysaccharide (APS) surfactants e.g. alkyl polyglycosides
- APS surfactants having a hydrophobic group with about 6 to about 30 carbon atoms and a polysaccharide (e.g., polyglycoside) as the hydrophilic group; optionally, there can be a polyalkylene-oxide group joining the hydrophobic and hydrophilic moieties; and the alkyl group (i.e., the hydrophobic moiety) can be saturated or unsaturated, branched or unbranched, and unsubstituted or substituted (e.g., with hydroxy or cyclic rings); a preferred material is alkyl polyglucoside which is commercially available from Henkel, ICI Americas, and Seppic; and
- polyoxyethylene alkyl ethers such as those of the formula RO(CH2CH2) n H and polyethylene glycol (PEG) glyceryl fatty esters, such as those of the formula R(O)OCH2CH(OH)CH2(OCH2CH2) n OH, wherein n is from 1 to about 200, preferably from about 20 to about 100, and R is an alkyl having from about 8 to about 22 carbon atoms.
- the present composition may further comprise a safe and effective amount of an antidandruff agent.
- the antidandruff agent is typically used at a level from about 0.1% to about 5%, preferably from about 0.3% to about 5% by weight of the composition.
- coacervate made by the polyhydrophilic anionic surfactants and cationic conditioning agents of the present invention are also capable of trapping and effectively delivering the antidandruff agents herein to the hair surface.
- Pyrithione salts are useful herein.
- Suitable pyrithione salts are heavy metal salts of 1-hydroxy-2-pyridinethione, the heavy metal salts being zinc, tin, cadmium, magnesium, aluminium, and zirconium.
- Preferred is zinc salt of 1- hydroxy-2-pyridinethione known in the art as zinc pyrithione, more preferably in a particle size of up to about 20 microns, still preferably from about 1 to about 10 microns.
- Commerically available pyrithione salts suitable herein include Zinc Pyrithione available from Olin.
- Selenium sulfides are useful herein.
- Selenium sulfides herein include selenium disulfide, as well as Se x S v in cyclic structure, wherein x and y are integers and x + y equals 8.
- Preferred selenium sulfides are those having a particle size of less than about 15 microns, more preferably less than about 10 microns; wherein the particle size is measured by a laser light scatterring device such as Malvern 3600 instrument. Sulfur and octopirox, its salts, and its derivatives are also useful herein.
- Antidandruff agents as mentioned above can be used alone, or in combination with one another. ADDITIONAL CONDITIONING AGENTS
- compositions of the present invention may further comprise from about 0.05% to about 20%, preferably from about 0.1% to about 10%, and more preferably from about 0.5% to about 10% of additional conditioning agents selected from the group consisting of high melting point compounds, oily compounds, and nonionic polymers.
- High Melting Point Compound The compositions may comprise a high melting point compound having a melting point of at least about 25°C selected from the group consisting of fatty alcohols, fatty acids, fatty alcohol derivatives, fatty acid derivatives, hydrocarbons, steroids, and mixtures thereof. Without being bound by theory, it is believed that these high melting point compounds cover the hair surface and reduce friction, thereby resulting in providing smooth feel on the hair and ease of combing.
- the compounds disclosed in this section of the specification can in some instances fall into more than one classification, e.g., some fatty alcohol derivatives can also be classified as fatty acid derivatives.
- a given classification is not intended to be a limitation on that particular compound, but is done so for convenience of classification and nomenclature.
- certain compounds having certain required carbon atoms may have a melting point of less than about 25°C. Such compounds of low melting point are not intended to be included in this section.
- Nonlimiting examples of the high melting point compounds are found in International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary, Fifth Edition, 1993, and CTFA Cosmetic Ingredient Handbook, Second Edition, 1992, both of which are incorporated by reference herein in their entirety.
- the fatty alcohols useful herein are those having from about 14 to about 30 carbon atoms, preferably from about 16 to about 22 carbon atoms. These fatty alcohols can be straight or branched chain alcohols and can be saturated or unsaturated. Nonlimiting examples of fatty alcohols include, cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol, and mixtures thereof.
- the fatty acids useful herein are those having from about 10 to about 30 carbon atoms, preferably from about 12 to about 22 carbon atoms, and more preferably from about 16 to about 22 carbon atoms. These fatty acids can be straight or branched chain acids and can be saturated or unsaturated. Also included are diacids, triacids, and other multiple acids which meet the requirements herein. Also included herein are salts of these fatty acids. Nonlimiting examples of fatty acids include lauric acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, behenic acid, sebacic acid, and mixtures thereof.
- the fatty alcohol derivatives and fatty acid derivatives useful herein include alkyl ethers of fatty alcohols, alkoxylated fatty alcohols, alkyl ethers of alkoxylated fatty alcohols, esters of fatty alcohols, fatty acid esters of compounds having esterifiable hydroxy groups, hydroxy-substitued fatty acids, and mixtures thereof.
- Nonlimiting examples of fatty alcohol derivatives and fatty acid derivatives include materials such as methyl stearyl ether; the ceteth series of compounds such as ceteth-1 through ceteth-45, which are ethylene glycol ethers of cetyl alcohol, wherein the numeric designation indicates the number of ethylene glycol moieties present; the steareth series of compounds such as steareth-1 through 10, which- are ethylene glycol ethers of steareth alcohol, wherein the numeric designation indicates the number of ethylene glycol moieties present; ceteareth 1 through ceteareth-10, which are the ethylene glycol ethers of ceteareth alcohol, i.e.
- Steroids useful herein include compounds such as cholesterol.
- High melting point compounds of a single compound of high purity are preferred.
- Single compounds of pure fatty alcohols selected from the group of pure cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, and behenyl alcohol are highly preferred.
- pure herein, what is meant is that the compound has a purity of at least about 90%, preferably at least about 95%.
- High melting point compounds useful herein include: cetyl alchol, stearyl alcohol, and behenyl alcohol having tradenames KONOL series available from New Japan Chemical (Osaka, Japan), and NAA series available from NOF (Tokyo, Japan); pure behenyl alcohol having tradename 1-DOCOSANOL available from WAKO (Osaka, Japan), various fatty acids having tradenames NEO-FAT available from Akzo (Chicago Illinois, USA), HYSTRENE available from Witco Corp. (Dublin Ohio, USA), and DERMA available from Vevy (Genova, Italy); and cholesterol having tradename NIKKOL AGUASOME LA available from Nikko. Oily Compound
- compositions comprise an oily compound having a melting point of not more than about 25°C selected from the group consisting of a first oily compound, a second oily compound, and mixtures thereof.
- the oily compounds useful herein may be volatile or nonvolatile. Without being bound by theory, it is believed that, the oily compounds may penetrate the hair to modify the hydroxy bonds of the hair, thereby resulting in providing softness and flexibility to the hair.
- the oily compound may comprise either the first oily compound or the second oily compound as described herein. Preferably, a mixture of the first oily compound and the second oily compound is used.
- the oily compounds of this section are to be distinguished from the high melting point compounds described above. Nonlimiting examples of the oily compounds are found in International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary, Fifth Edition, 1993, and CTFA Cosmetic Ingredient Handbook, Second Edition, 1992, both of which are incorporated by reference herein in their entirety.
- the fatty alcohols useful herein include those having from about 10 to about 30 carbon atoms, preferably from about 12 to about 22 carbon atoms, and more preferably from about 16 to about 22 carbon atoms. These fatty alcohols can be straight or branched chain alcohols and can be saturated or unsaturated alcohols, preferably unsaturated alcohols. Nonlimiting examples of these compounds include oleyl alcohol, palmitoleic alcohol, isostearyl alcohol, isocetyl alchol, undecanol, octyl dodecanol, octyl decanol, octyl alcohol, caprylic alcohol, decyl alcohol and lauryl alcohol.
- the fatty acids useful herein include those having from about 10 to about
- fatty acids can be straight or branched chain acids and can be saturated or unsaturated.
- Suitable fatty acids include, for example, oleic acid, linoleic acid, isostearic acid, linolenic acid, ethyl linolenic acid, ethyl linolenic acid, arachidonic acid, and cinolic acid.
- the fatty acid derivatives and fatty alcohol derivatives are defined herein to include, for example, esters of fatty alcohols, alkoxylated fatty alcohols, alkyl ethers of fatty alcohols, alkyl ethers of alkoxylated fatty alcohols, and mixtures thereof.
- Nonlimiting examples of fatty acid derivatives and fatty alcohol derivatives include, for example, methyl linoleate, ethyl linoleate, isopropyl linoleate, isodecyl oleate, isopropyl oleate, ethyl oleate, octyldodecyl oleate, oleyl oleate, decyl oleate, butyl oleate, methyl oleate, octyldodecyl stearate, octyldodecyl isostearate, octyldodecyl isopalmitate, octyl isopelargonate, octyl pelargonate, hexyl isostearate, isopropyl isostearate, isodecyl isononanoate, Oleth-2, pentaeryth
- first oily compounds useful herein include: oleyl alcohol with tradename UNJECOL 90BHR available from New Japan Chemical, pentaerythritol tetraisostearate and trimethylolpropane triisostearate with tradenames KAKPTI and KAKTTI available from Kokyu Alcohol (Chiba, Japan), pentaerythritol tetraoleate having the same tradename as the compound name available from New Japan Chemical, trimethylolpropane trioleate with a tradename ENUJERUBU available from New Japan Chemical, various liquid esters with tradenames SCHERCEMOL series available from Scher, and hexyl isostearate with a tradename HIS and isopropryl isostearate having a tradename ZPIS available from Kokyu Alcohol.
- the second oily compounds useful herein include straight chain, cyclic, and branched chain hydrocarbons which can be either saturated or unsaturated, so long as they have a melting point of not more than about 25°C. These hydrocarbons have from about 12 to about 40 carbon atoms, preferably from about 12 to about 30 carbon atoms, and preferably from about 12 to about 22 carbon atoms. Also encompassed herein are polymeric hydrocarbons of alkenyl monomers, such as polymers of C2-6 alkenyl monomers. These polymers can be straight or branched chain polymers. The straight chain polymers will typically be relatively short in length, having a total number of carbon atoms as described above. The branched chain polymers can have substantially higher chain lengths.
- the number average molecular weight of such materials can vary widely, but will typically be up to about 500, preferably from about 200 to about 400, and more preferably from about 300 to about 350.
- mineral oils are liquid mixtures of hydrocarbons that are obtained from petroleum. Specific examples of suitable hydrocarbon materials include paraffin oil, mineral oil, dodecane, isododecane, hexadecane, isohexadecane, eicosene, isoeicosene, tridecane, tetradecane, polybutene, polyisobutene, and mixtures thereof.
- Preferred for use herein are hydrocarbons selected from the group consisting of mineral oil, isododecane, isohexadecane, polybutene, polyisobutene, and mixtures thereof.
- second oily compounds useful herein include isododecane, isohexadeance, and isoeicosene with tradenames PERMETHYL 99A, PERMETHYL 101 A, and PERMETHYL 1082, available from Presperse (South Plainfield New Jersey, USA), a copolymer of isobutene and normal butene with tradenames INDOPOL H-100 available from Amoco Chemicals (Chicago Illinois, USA), mineral oil with tradename BENOL available from Witco, isoparaffin with tradename ISOPAR from Exxon Chemical Co.
- Nonionic polymers useful herein include cellulose derivatives, hydrophobically modified cellulose derivatives, ethylene oxide polymers, and ethylene oxide/propylene oxide based polymers.
- Suitable nonionic polymers are cellulose derivatives including methylcellulose with tradename BENECEL, hydroxyethyl cellulose with tradename NATROSOL, hydroxypropyl cellulose with tradename KLUCEL, cetyl hydroxyethyl cellulose with tradename POLYSURF 67, all supplied by Herculus.
- Other suitable nonionic polymers are ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide based polymers with tradenames CARBOWAX
- PEGs, POLYOX WASRs, and UCON FLUIDS are supplied by Amerchol.
- the polyalkylene glycol is typically used at a level from about 0.025% to about 1.5%, preferably from about 0.05% to about 1%, and more preferably from about 0.1% to about 0.5% of the compositions.
- R wherein R is selected from the group consisting of H, methyl, and mixtures thereof.
- these materials are polymers of ethylene oxide, which are also known as polyethylene oxides, polyoxyethylenes, and polyethylene glycols.
- R is methyl
- these materials are polymers of propylene oxide, which are
- n has an average value of from about 1500 to about 25,000, preferably from about 2500 to about 20,000, and more preferably o from about 3500 to about 15,000.
- Polyethylene glycol polymers useful herein are PEG-2M wherein R equals H and n has an average value of about 2,000 (PEG-2M is also known as Polyox WSR® N-10, which is available from Union Carbide and as PEG-2,000); PEG- 5M wherein R equals H and n has an average value of about 5,000 (PEG-5M is 5 also known as Polyox WSR® N-35 and Polyox WSR® N-80, both available from Union Carbide and as PEG-5,000 and Polyethylene Glycol 300,000); PEG-7M wherein R equals H and n has an average value of about 7,000 (PEG-7M is also known as Polyox WSR® N-750 available from Union Carbide); PEG-9M wherein R equals H and n has an average value of about 9,000 (PEG 9-M is also known o as Polyox WSR® N-3333 available from Union Carbide); and PEG-14 M wherein R equals H and n has an average value of about
- the shampoo compositions of the present invention may include a variety of additional components, which may be selected by the artisan according to the desired characteristics of the final product.
- Additional component include, for example, polyvalent metal cations, suspending agents, ethoxylated glucose 0 derivatives, and other additional components.
- Suitable polyvalent metal cations include divalent and trivalent metals, divalent metals being preferred.
- Exemplary metal cations include alkaline earth metals, such as magnesium, calcium, zinc, and copper, and trivalent metals such 5 as aluminum and iron. Preferred are calcium and magnesium.
- the polyvalent metal cation can be added as an inorganic salt, organic salt, or as a hydroxide.
- the polyvalent metal cation may also be added as a salt with anionic surfactants as mentioned above.
- the polyvalent metal cation is introduced as an inorganic salt or organic salt.
- Inorganic salts include chloride, bromide, iodine, nitrate, or sulfate, more preferably chloride or sulfate.
- Organic salts include L-glutamate, lactate, malate, succinate, acetate, fumarate, L-glutamic acid hydrochloride, and tartarate.
- Hardness of the conditioning shampoo compositions can be measured by standard methods in the art, such as by ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) titration. In the event that the composition contains dyes or other color materials that interfere with the ability of EDTA titration to yield a perceptible color change, hardness should be determined from the composition in the absence of the interfering dye or color.
- EDTA ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid
- a preferred additional component is a suspending agent, particularly for compositions comprising silicone compounds of high viscosity and/or large particle size.
- the suspending agent is in dispersed form in the compositions.
- the suspending agent will generally comprise from about 0.1 % to about 10%, and more typically from about 0.3% to about 5.0%, by weight, of the composition.
- Preferred suspending agents include acyl derivatives such as ethylene glycol stearates, both mono and distearate, long chain amine oxides such as alkyl (C16-C22) dimethyl amine oxides, e.g., stearyl dimethyl amine oxide, and mixtures thereof. When used in the shampoo compositions, these preferred suspending agents are present in the composition in crystalline form. These suspending agents are described in U.S. Patent 4,741 ,855.
- suspending agents include alkanol amides of fatty acids, preferably having from about 16 to about 22 carbon atoms, more preferably about 16 to 18 carbon atoms, preferred examples of which include stearic monoethanolamide, cocomonoethanolamide, stearic diethanolamide, stearic monoisopropanolamide and stearic monoethanolamide stearate.
- suspending agents include N,N-dihydrocarbyl amido benzoic acid and soluble salts thereof (e.g., Na and K salts), particularly N,N-di(hydrogenated) C ⁇ s, C ⁇ s and tallow amido benzoic acid species of this family, which are commercially available from Stepan Company (Northfield,
- suspending agents include xanthan gum.
- xanthan gum as a suspending agent in silicone containing shampoo compositions is described, for example, in U.S. Patent 4,788,006, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
- Combinations of long chain acyl derivatives and xanthan gum may also be used as a suspending agent in the shampoo compositions. Such combinations are described in U.S. Patent 4,704,272, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
- Other suitable suspending agents include carboxyvinyl polymers.
- polystyrene resin Preferred among these polymers are the copolymers of acrylic acid crosslinked with polyallylsucrose as described in U.S. Patent 2,798,053, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
- these polymers include the carbomers, which are hompolymers of acrylic acid crosslinked with an allyl ether of pentaerythritol, an allyl ether of sucrose, or an allyl ether of propylene.
- Neutralizers may be required, for example, amino methyl propanol, triethanol amine, or sodium hydroxide.
- suspending agents can be used in the compositions, including those that can impart a gel-like viscosity to the composition, such as water soluble or colloidally water soluble polymers like cellulose ethers such as hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxymethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, and materials such as guar gum, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, hydroxypropyl guar gum, starch and starch derivatives.
- Ethoxylated Glucose Derivatives A preferred additional component is an ethoxylated glucose derivative, particularly for increasing the viscosity of compositions, and for the phase stability of compositions at high and low temperatures.
- the ethoxylated glucose derivative is included at a level of from about 0.1% to about 10%, and more typically from about 0.3% to about 5.0%, by weight, of the composition.
- Suitable ethoxylated glucose derivatives include methyl gluceth 10, methyl gluceth 20, PEG-120 methylglucose dioleate, PPG-10 methylglycose ether, and PPG-20 methylglycose ether.
- methyl gluceth 10 with tradename GLUCAM E-10 PEG-120 methylglucose dioleatewith tradename Glucamate DOE-120
- PPG-10 methylglucose ether with tradename GLUCAM P-10 PPG-20 methylglucose ether with tradename GLUCAM P-20, all available from Amerchol.
- Other Additional Components include methyl gluceth 10 with tradename GLUCAM E-10, PEG-120 methylglucose dioleatewith tradename Glucamate DOE-120, PPG-10 methylglucose ether with tradename GLUCAM P-10, and PPG-20 methylglucose ether with tradename GLUCAM P-20, all available from Amerchol.
- Other Additional Components include methyl gluceth 10 with tradename GLUCAM E-10, PEG-120 methylglucose dioleatewith tradename Glucamate DOE-120, PPG-10 methylglucose ether with tradename GLUCAM P-10, and
- a wide variety of other additional ingredients can be formulated into the present compositions. These include: other conditioning agents such as hydrolyzed collagen with tradename Peptein 2000 available from Hormel, vitamin E with tradename Emix-d available from Eisai, panthenol available from Roche, panthenyl ethyl ether available from Roche, hydroiysed keratin, proteins, plant extracts, and nutrients; emulsifying surfactants for dispersing water insoluble components in the carrier; hair-fixative polymers such as amphoteric fixative polymers, cationic fixative polymers, anionic fixative polymers, nonionic fixative polymers, and silicone grafted copolymers; optical brighteners such as polystyrylstilbenes, triazinstilbenes, hydroxycoumarins, aminocoumarins, triazoles, pyrazolines, oxazoles, pyrenes, porphyrins, and imidazoles; preservatives such as benzyl alcohol, methyl paraben,
- the shampoo compositions of Examples 1 through 16 as shown above can be prepared by any conventional method well known in the art. Suitable methods are described below.
- Polymers and surfactants are dispersed in water to form a homogenous mixture.
- the other ingredients except for silicone emulsion (if present), perfume, and salt; the obtained mixture is agitated. If a silicone blend is present, the silicone emulsion is made with the silicone blend, a small amount of detersive surfactant, and a portion of water.
- the obtained mixture is then passed through a heat exchanger to cool, and the silicone emulsion, perfume, and salt are added.
- the obtained compositions are poured into bottles to make hair shampoo compositions.
- water and surfactants and any other solids that need to be melted can be mixed together at elevated temperature, e.g., above about 70°C, to speed the mixing into shampoo.
- Additional ingredients can be added either to this hot premix or after cooling the premix.
- the ingredients are mixed thoroughly at the elevated temperature and then pumped through a high shear mill and then through a heat exchanger to cool them to ambient temperature. If present in the composition, silicone emulsified at room temperature in concentrated surfactant is added to the cooled mix.
- Examples 1 through 16 have many advantages. For example, improved squeakyl hair feel, softness, smoothness and combing ease during rinsing and after rinsing as well as overall dry conditioning benefits. It is understood that the examples and embodiments described herein are for illustrative purposes only and that various modifications or changes in light thereof will be suggested to one skilled in the art without departing from its spirit and scope.
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Nanotechnology (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Biophysics (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Dermatology (AREA)
- Cosmetics (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US1997/020735 WO1999024004A1 (en) | 1997-11-12 | 1997-11-12 | Conditioning shampoo compositions |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1032354A1 true EP1032354A1 (de) | 2000-09-06 |
Family
ID=22262051
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP97948272A Withdrawn EP1032354A1 (de) | 1997-11-12 | 1997-11-12 | Konditionierendes shampoo |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1032354A1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2000513379A (de) |
AU (1) | AU5436698A (de) |
CA (1) | CA2309701A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO1999024004A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (44)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6093769A (en) * | 1997-11-19 | 2000-07-25 | Hercules Incorporated | Fluidized polymer suspensions of cationic polysaccharides in polyols and use thereof in personal care compositions |
DE19757214A1 (de) * | 1997-12-22 | 1999-06-24 | Henkel Kgaa | Wirkstoffkombination |
FR2796392B1 (fr) | 1999-07-15 | 2003-09-19 | Rhodia Chimie Sa | Composition nettoyante comprenant un polymere hydrosoluble ou hydrodispersable |
WO2001057171A1 (en) * | 2000-02-02 | 2001-08-09 | Unilever Plc | Polymers for laundry applications |
US6808701B2 (en) | 2000-03-21 | 2004-10-26 | Johnson & Johnson Consumer Companies, Inc. | Conditioning compositions |
GB0016807D0 (en) * | 2000-07-07 | 2000-08-30 | Unilever Plc | Shampoo compositions |
US6703358B1 (en) * | 2000-07-13 | 2004-03-09 | Rhodia Chimie | Cleaning composition for hard surfaces |
CN1568174A (zh) * | 2001-10-18 | 2005-01-19 | 宝洁公司 | 具有阴离子表面活性剂、两性表面活性剂及阳离子聚合物的洗发剂组合物 |
FR2887450B1 (fr) * | 2005-06-23 | 2007-08-24 | Rhodia Chimie Sa | Ingredient concentre pour le traitement et/ou la modification de surfaces, et son utilisation dans des compositions cosmetiques |
US20070066500A1 (en) * | 2005-09-21 | 2007-03-22 | Conopco, Inc., D/B/A Unilever | Composition with enhanced squeaky feel |
DE102006030083A1 (de) * | 2006-06-28 | 2008-01-03 | Beiersdorf Ag | Haarpflegereinigungszusammensetzung mit besonderer Trockenhaarsensorik |
DE102006030092A1 (de) * | 2006-06-28 | 2008-01-03 | Beiersdorf Ag | Haarpflegereinigungszusammensetzung mit besonderer Sensorik |
DE102008022712A1 (de) * | 2008-05-07 | 2009-11-12 | Henkel Ag & Co. Kgaa | Haarreinigungsmittel mit Frucht- und/oder Gemüsesaft |
JP5638763B2 (ja) * | 2009-03-13 | 2014-12-10 | 株式会社ミルボン | 多剤式毛髪処理剤及び毛髪処理方法 |
JP4767352B1 (ja) * | 2010-03-17 | 2011-09-07 | 株式会社 資生堂 | 乳化組成物 |
SG188332A1 (en) | 2010-08-31 | 2013-04-30 | Otsuka Pharma Co Ltd | Composition for cleaning scalp and head hair |
DE102011089405A1 (de) * | 2011-12-21 | 2013-06-27 | Henkel Ag & Co. Kgaa | Verschäumbares Kosmetikum zur Hautpflege |
WO2016172409A1 (en) | 2015-04-23 | 2016-10-27 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Delivery of surfactant soluble anti-dandruff agent |
GB2545806B (en) * | 2015-12-21 | 2020-07-15 | Oreal | Hair composition and process for washing and/or conditioning hair |
CA3014923C (en) | 2016-03-03 | 2021-10-19 | Sean Michael Renock | Aerosol antidandruff composition |
EP3432776B1 (de) | 2016-03-23 | 2023-03-29 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Bildgebungsverfahren zum bestimmung von fehlgelaufenen fasern |
US10653590B2 (en) | 2016-10-21 | 2020-05-19 | The Procter And Gamble Company | Concentrated shampoo dosage of foam for providing hair care benefits comprising an anionic/zwitterionic surfactant mixture |
CN109843383A (zh) | 2016-10-21 | 2019-06-04 | 宝洁公司 | 用于在最佳制剂空间中递送消费者期望的剂量体积、表面活性剂量和头皮健康剂量的泡沫剂型 |
WO2018075833A1 (en) | 2016-10-21 | 2018-04-26 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Low viscosity hair care composition |
JP6952768B2 (ja) | 2016-10-21 | 2021-10-20 | ザ プロクター アンド ギャンブル カンパニーThe Procter & Gamble Company | 低粘度であり粘度低減剤を含む、安定なコンパクトシャンプー製品 |
CN109862944A (zh) | 2016-10-21 | 2019-06-07 | 宝洁公司 | 用于以最佳制剂空间递送消费者所需的剂型体积和表面活性剂量的泡沫剂型 |
WO2018075836A1 (en) | 2016-10-21 | 2018-04-26 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Concentrated shampoo dosage of foam for providing hair care benefits |
EP3528774A1 (de) | 2016-10-21 | 2019-08-28 | The Procter and Gamble Company | Konzentrierte shampoo-dosierung von schaum zur bestimmung von haarpflegevorteilen |
WO2018075846A1 (en) | 2016-10-21 | 2018-04-26 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Concentrated shampoo dosage of foam designating hair conditioning benefits |
KR102376269B1 (ko) * | 2017-05-31 | 2022-03-18 | 로레알 | 모발 컨디셔닝용 조성물 |
US11224567B2 (en) | 2017-06-06 | 2022-01-18 | The Procter And Gamble Company | Hair compositions comprising a cationic polymer/silicone mixture providing improved in-use wet feel |
US11679073B2 (en) | 2017-06-06 | 2023-06-20 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Hair compositions providing improved in-use wet feel |
US11141370B2 (en) | 2017-06-06 | 2021-10-12 | The Procter And Gamble Company | Hair compositions comprising a cationic polymer mixture and providing improved in-use wet feel |
MX2020003318A (es) | 2017-10-10 | 2021-12-06 | Procter & Gamble | Composición de champú compacta con surfactantes aniónicos a base de aminoácidos y polímeros catiónicos. |
JP6945746B2 (ja) | 2017-10-10 | 2021-10-06 | ザ プロクター アンド ギャンブル カンパニーThe Procter & Gamble Company | サルフェートフリーの界面活性剤を含有するコンパクトなシャンプー組成物 |
WO2019074988A1 (en) | 2017-10-10 | 2019-04-18 | The Procter & Gamble Company | METHOD OF TREATING HAIR OR SKIN WITH PERSONAL FOAM COMPOSITION IN THE FORM OF FOAM |
US20190105246A1 (en) * | 2017-10-10 | 2019-04-11 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Sulfate free personal cleansing composition comprising low inorganic salt |
US10912732B2 (en) | 2017-12-20 | 2021-02-09 | The Procter And Gamble Company | Clear shampoo composition containing silicone polymers |
MX2020014144A (es) | 2018-06-29 | 2021-03-25 | Procter & Gamble | Composicion anticaspa en aerosol con bajo contenido de surfactante. |
MX2022005533A (es) | 2019-12-06 | 2022-06-08 | Procter & Gamble | Composicion libre de sulfato con deposito mejorado del activo para el cuero cabelludo. |
JP7481470B2 (ja) | 2020-02-27 | 2024-05-10 | ザ プロクター アンド ギャンブル カンパニー | 有効性及び美観が強化された硫黄含有フケ防止組成物 |
JP2023549517A (ja) | 2020-12-04 | 2023-11-27 | ザ プロクター アンド ギャンブル カンパニー | 悪臭低減物質を含むヘアケア組成物 |
US11771635B2 (en) | 2021-05-14 | 2023-10-03 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Shampoo composition |
US11986543B2 (en) | 2021-06-01 | 2024-05-21 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Rinse-off compositions with a surfactant system that is substantially free of sulfate-based surfactants |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CA1016464A (en) * | 1973-06-22 | 1977-08-30 | Terry Gerstein | Shampoo conditioner formulations |
JPH0436224A (ja) * | 1990-05-31 | 1992-02-06 | Kao Corp | シャンプー組成物 |
US5217652A (en) * | 1991-10-04 | 1993-06-08 | The Gillette Company | Conditioning shampoo |
ES2119213T3 (es) * | 1993-06-30 | 1998-10-01 | Procter & Gamble | Champus acondicionadores que contienen cationes metalicos polivalentes. |
ES2163624T3 (es) * | 1995-04-21 | 2002-02-01 | Procter & Gamble | Champues con agente acondicionador de silicona insoluble y polimero cationico. |
DE69714016T2 (de) * | 1996-01-29 | 2003-03-13 | Johnson & Johnson Consumer Companies, Inc. | Waschmittelzusammensetzungen |
-
1997
- 1997-11-12 EP EP97948272A patent/EP1032354A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1997-11-12 CA CA002309701A patent/CA2309701A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1997-11-12 JP JP11505503A patent/JP2000513379A/ja active Pending
- 1997-11-12 AU AU54366/98A patent/AU5436698A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1997-11-12 WO PCT/US1997/020735 patent/WO1999024004A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO9924004A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2000513379A (ja) | 2000-10-10 |
CA2309701A1 (en) | 1999-05-20 |
AU5436698A (en) | 1999-05-31 |
WO1999024004A1 (en) | 1999-05-20 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
WO1999024004A1 (en) | Conditioning shampoo compositions | |
US6284230B1 (en) | Hair conditioning shampoo compositions comprising primary anionic surfactant | |
WO1999024013A1 (en) | Conditioning shampoo compositions | |
EP1014920A1 (de) | Pentarythritolesteröl enthaltende haarpflegeshampoozusammensetzungen | |
WO1999039683A1 (en) | Anti-dandruff shampoo composition comprising a cool-feeling agent | |
WO2001039735A1 (en) | Conditioning shampoo compositions | |
WO1998029094A1 (en) | Conditioning shampoo compositions | |
WO2000064410A1 (en) | Conditioning shampoo compositions | |
EP1028697A2 (de) | Haarpflegemittel enthältend optische aufheller und haarkonditioniermittel | |
AU1410097A (en) | Hair conditioning compositions comprising water-insoluble high molecular weight oily compound | |
AU4423997A (en) | Hair care compositions comprising optical brighteners and non-volatile solvents | |
WO1999013846A1 (en) | Hair care compositions comprising optical brighteners and silicone compounds | |
WO1999013833A1 (en) | Hair care compositions comprising optical brighteners and cationic compounds | |
WO2000064411A1 (en) | Conditioning shampoo compositions | |
WO1999013838A1 (en) | Hair conditioning composition comprising high molecular weight ester oil | |
WO2000006094A1 (en) | Hair care composition comprising antioxidants | |
WO1999013848A1 (en) | Hair care compositions comprising optical brighteners and polymeric suspending agents | |
WO1999013830A1 (en) | Shampoo composition comprising triazoles | |
WO1999013849A1 (en) | Hair care compositions comprising optical brighteners and high melting point compounds | |
WO1999013825A1 (en) | Hair care compositions comprising hydroxycoumarins | |
AU1280797A (en) | Hair conditioning compositions comprising water-insoluble high molecular weight oily compound | |
WO1999013831A1 (en) | Hair care compositions comprising anionic optical brightener complex | |
WO1999013850A1 (en) | Hair care compositions comprising optical brighteners and stability enhancing agents | |
WO1999013826A1 (en) | Hair care compositions comprising polystyrylstilbenes | |
MXPA00004590A (en) | Conditioning shampoo compositions |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20000613 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LI LU NL PT SE |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20010514 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN |
|
18D | Application deemed to be withdrawn |
Effective date: 20020411 |