EP1020886A2 - Elektrischer Schnellschalter - Google Patents
Elektrischer Schnellschalter Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1020886A2 EP1020886A2 EP99811174A EP99811174A EP1020886A2 EP 1020886 A2 EP1020886 A2 EP 1020886A2 EP 99811174 A EP99811174 A EP 99811174A EP 99811174 A EP99811174 A EP 99811174A EP 1020886 A2 EP1020886 A2 EP 1020886A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- electrode
- quick switch
- switch
- contact
- closed
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H39/00—Switching devices actuated by an explosion produced within the device and initiated by an electric current
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
- H01H33/88—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts
- H01H33/90—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism
Definitions
- the invention is based on an electrical Fast switch according to the preamble of claim 1.
- the invention also relates to the use of the quick switch.
- the invention takes to a prior art reference, as it is from DE 3 537 314 A1 is known.
- a device for interrupting Current described in which an electrical connection through the Explosion of an explosive charge is separated.
- a tubular Bridging contact made of ductile material between a 1st and 2.
- the electrode has notches on the inside as predetermined breaking points and an explosive charge on the outside inside a pressure chamber. If the current to be monitored exceeds a specifiable one Current limit value, the explosive charge is ignited. One of them arcing arises from the pressure chamber Blowing out mixed gas and at the next Current zero crossing deleted.
- the disadvantage here is that in addition to Explosive charge also the electrodes and the bridging contact must be replaced after each switch-off.
- the Arc becomes electronegative gas, as part of the Mixed gas, from the lining of the inner wall of the pressure chamber triggered, which leads to their consumption.
- the Drive for the switching pin which when switching a Speed in the range of 10 m / s - 20 m / s can reach is not specified.
- the switch pin that comes with a Relatively complex switching drive for nominal current contact fingers is connected when switching a high load exposed.
- the invention as defined in claim 1 solves the task of an electrical quick switch of the beginning continue to develop in such a way that the constructive Effort for cables and switching devices is reduced.
- An advantage of the invention is that electrodes and Bridging contact not renewed after every switching operation Need to become.
- the simple construction leads to Cost savings.
- the quick switch according to the invention can be advantageous as Reserve switches can be used for a circuit breaker.
- Fig. 1 shows schematically a cross-sectional view through the Contact areas of a high-speed switch with an axis of symmetry or switch axis (A), on the right when switched on, on the left in its off state.
- tubular bypass contact or switching piston (2) is in Switch-on position of the quick switch on the one hand via Current contact element (K2) with the erosion contact pin (K1) in electrically good conductive sliding connection and on the other hand with the Inner wall of the switch housing (1) in sliding connection.
- This switching piston (2) has an axial, electrical well-conducting contact tube (2 ') in a central Opening of the hollow electrode (E2) is arranged movably and with the wall of this central opening in electrically conductive Contact is there.
- the contact tube (2 ') has in its lower Area a gas outlet opening or exhaust opening (3), which in the on position of the quick switch below the top surface of the hollow electrode (E2) and thus through this is closed. Gas from the high pressure chamber (6) can be in this Do not escape the switch-on position through the exhaust opening (3).
- Electrode (E1) flows into the high pressure chamber (6) and there generates a pressure in the range of 5 MPa - 10 MPa. That pressure drives the tubular switching piston (2) in the direction of movement an arrow (B) down. This is the electrical contact between the erosion contact pin (K1) and the Current contact element (K2) interrupted, so that between the Burn-up contact pin (K1) and the inner wall of the contact tube (2 ') forms an arc (10) which in the further course of the Piston movement is extended. If the switching piston (2) is lower position, cf.
- Pressures in the range of 5 MPa - 10 MPa can be easily to reach; they allow contact separation times of a few ms a distance between the 1st electrode (E1) and the hollow electrode (E2) of about 10 cm.
- the volume of the exhaust chamber (8) is such that the Residual pressure in the high pressure chamber (6) is sufficient to desired dielectric strength of the open contact path to ensure.
- the quick switch can be activated Reset the contact tube (2 ') and replace the gas generating explosive charge (4) made ready for switching again become. In the simplest case, this is done by manual Revision.
- the readiness to switch off can also be done by one mechanical reset drive and automatic Reloading device for the explosive charge (4) (not shown) be automated.
- Fig. 3 shows schematically in a cross-sectional view the right Half of the contact areas of a high-speed switch, in which to increase the nominal current carrying capacity Arc extinguishing contacts (K1 ', K2) multiple finger contacts or Nominal current contacts (11), only one of which can be seen, are connected in parallel. These current contacts (11) are on the edge between a stationary 1st electrode (E1 ") and the Movable switching piston (2) and arranged by one Compression spring (12) pressed on. The movable switching piston (2) thus serves to carry the nominal current. From this switching piston (2) the current is rigid over several with the switching piston (2) connected webs (2a), one of which is in cross section is shown on a sliding contact (13) from where it is transferred to the resting hollow electrode (E2). The big ones Radii at which the contact transitions take place allow this Carrying high rated currents.
- the quick switch according to the invention can be used as an additional or Relief switch (back-up) to a not shown Circuit breakers are used whose switching capacity for an expected maximum short-circuit current is not sufficient.
- the quick switch could be about the middle of a busbar, right at the beginning of a Short circuit, part of the injected short circuit energy disconnect so that the existing circuit breaker only after End of the switching process in the quick switch needs and with the reduced short-circuit current no longer is overloaded.
- the quick switch according to the invention can also be used as a fuse or Reserve switch (back-up) at a relatively low Powerful, cost-effective, "intelligent" Circuit breakers are used, which depends on favorable phase conditions of the current to be switched off switches off. If such a failure Circuit breaker what z. B. too long an arc duration can be recognized, the quick switch is ignited or triggered. This can increase the reliability of a Overcurrent protection with inexpensive "intelligent" Circuit breakers are significantly improved. Because of the very rare occurrence of such failure of the In this case the circuit breaker needs the circuit breaker to be designed for only a few switching operations. In the in most cases, a one-time function followed by Revision will be sufficient.
- Preferably one used as a reserve switch Quick switch independent of the normal system protection system triggered, e.g. B. from a trigger device that from the local current flow is fed (not shown), d. H., independent of a trip signal for the circuit breaker.
- the simply constructed quick switch according to the invention can also as a reclosable fuse element in High-voltage systems can be used because it is also a high rated current carrying capacity and high Has responsiveness. He can for the highest possible short-circuit current in the system to be protected be interpreted and, if necessary, after a Switch off half period.
- the time delay between the arrival of a trigger signal and the beginning of the movement of the switching piston (2) can be due to fast electrical ignition and fast chemical Reaction kept much smaller than a half period become.
Landscapes
- Circuit Breakers (AREA)
- Switch Cases, Indication, And Locking (AREA)
- Relay Circuits (AREA)
- Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- Fig. 1
- schematisch einen Querschnitt durch die Kontaktbereiche eines Schnellschalters mit einer Sprengladung, rechts im eingeschalteten, links im ausgeschalteten Zustand,
- Fig. 2
- schematisch einen Querschnitt durch einen Kontaktbereich eines Schnellschalters mit 3 Sprenqladunqen und
- Fig. 3
- schematisch einen Querschnitt durch die rechte Hälfte der Kontaktbereiche eines Schnellschalters mit zusätzlichen Nennstromkontakten.
- 1
- Schaltergehäuse
- 2
- Schaltkolben, Überbrückungskontakt
- 2'
- Kontaktrohr von 2
- 2a
- Steg von 2
- 3
- Gasaustrittsöffnung, Auspufföffnung von 2
- 4, 4a - 4c
- gaserzeugende Ladungen, Sprengladungen
- 4'
- Zündvorrichtung für 4
- 5
- Öffnungen, Explosionsgaseintrittsöffnungen
- 6
- Hochdruckkammer
- 7
- Niederdruckkammer, Kolbenkammer
- 8
- Auspuffkammer
- 9
- Entlüftungsleitung in E2
- 10
- Lichtbogen
- 11
- Fingerkontakt, Nennstromkontakt
- 12
- Druckfeder
- 13
- Gleitkontakt, Druckfeder
- A
- Symmetrieachse von 1, Schalterachse
- a
- Überlappungsdistanz von K1' bezüglich K1
- B
- Pfeil, Bewegungsrichtung von 2 beim Öffnen des Schnellschalters
- E1, E1', E1"
- 1. Elektrode
- E2
- 2. Elektrode, Hohlelektrode
- K1, K1'
- Abbrandkontaktstifte von E1, Lichtbogenlöschkontakte
- K2
- Stromkontaktelement von 2
Claims (7)
- Elektrischer Schnellschaltera) mit einer feststehenden 1. Elektrode (E1, E1', E1") undb) mit einer von dieser beabstandeten feststehenden 2. Elektrode (E2),c) ferner mit einem elektrisch leitenden Überbrückungskontakt (2), der im Schließzustand des Schnellschalters die 1. Elektrode (E1, E1', E1") mit der 2. Elektrode (E2) elektrisch leitend verbindet,d) ferner mit mindestens einer gaserzeugenden Sprengladung (4, 4a - 4c) zum Löschen eines Lichtbogens (10),e) daß der Überbrückungskontakt ein Schaltkolben (2) mit einem Kontaktrohr (2') ist,f) welches in eine Aussparung in der 2. Elektrode (E2) hineinragt und darin gleitend beweglich ist,g) welches Kontaktrohr (2') umfangseitig mindestens eine Auspufföffnung (3) aufweist,h) die im Schließzustand des Schnellschalters durch die 2. Elektrode (E2) verschlossen undi) in einem Öffnungszustand des Schnellschalters zu einer Auspuffkammer (8) geöffnet ist.
- Elektrischer Schnellschalter nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet,a) daß die 1. Elektrode (E1, E1', E1") ein Abbrandkontaktelement (K1, K1') aufweist, das im Schließzustand des Schnellschalters mit einem Stromkontaktelement (K2) des Schaltkolbens (2) in elektrisch leitender Gleitverbindung steht undb) daß der Schaltkolben (2) dieses Abbrandkontaktelement (K1, K1') gegenüber einem Schaltergehäuse (1) des Schnellschalters gasdicht abschließt.
- Elektrischer Schnellschalter nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet,a) daß der Schaltkolben (2) einerseits eine Hochdruckkammer (6) undb) andererseits eine Kolbenkammer (7) begrenzt, welche über eine Entlüftungsleitung (9) in der 2. Elektrode (E2) mit der Auspuffkammer (8) in Verbindung steht.
- Elektrischer Schnellschalter nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die mindestens eine Sprengladung (4, 4a - 4c) in einer Aussparung der 1. Elektrode (E1, E1', E1") gelagert ist.
- Elektrischer Schnellschalter nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jede Sprengladung (4, 4a - 4c) über einen separaten Zuführungskanal mit einer bzw. der Hochdruckkammer (6) in Verbindung steht.
- Elektrischer Schnellschalter nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die 1. Elektrode (E1, E1', E1") im Schließzustand des Schnellschalters über mindestens einen Nennstromkontakt (11) mit dem Schaltkolben (2) in elektrisch leitender Gleitverbindung steht.
- Verwendung eines elektrischen Schnellschalters nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche als zusätzlicher Schalter zu mindestens einem Leistungsschalter, wobei eine Auslösung des Schnellschalters in Abhängigkeit von einem Versagen des Leistungsschalters erfolgt.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19900666 | 1999-01-11 | ||
DE19900666A DE19900666A1 (de) | 1999-01-11 | 1999-01-11 | Elektrischer Schnellschalter |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1020886A2 true EP1020886A2 (de) | 2000-07-19 |
EP1020886A3 EP1020886A3 (de) | 2001-10-10 |
EP1020886B1 EP1020886B1 (de) | 2003-03-05 |
Family
ID=7893914
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP99811174A Expired - Lifetime EP1020886B1 (de) | 1999-01-11 | 1999-12-20 | Elektrischer Schnellschalter |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6252190B1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1020886B1 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE233944T1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE19900666A1 (de) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2017102171A1 (de) * | 2015-12-17 | 2017-06-22 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Vorrichtung zum schalten eines elektrischen stromkreises |
Families Citing this family (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6843157B2 (en) | 2002-06-13 | 2005-01-18 | Autoliv Asp, Inc. | Severing vehicle battery cable |
CN100407353C (zh) * | 2005-08-01 | 2008-07-30 | 合肥南南电力保护设备有限公司 | 大电流快速开断装置 |
DE102005044906A1 (de) * | 2005-09-15 | 2007-03-22 | Siemens Ag | Schalteinrichtung und elektrisch ansteuerbarer Aktor, insbesondere zur Schnellabschaltung eines Kurzschlussstromes |
WO2009012788A1 (en) * | 2007-07-20 | 2009-01-29 | Abb Technology Ag | Breaker with a gas drive for low-voltage, medium-voltage and high-voltage switching devices |
ES2509223T3 (es) | 2010-05-31 | 2014-10-17 | Ormazabal Y Cia., S.L.U. | Interruptor de corte en gas |
FR3001575B1 (fr) * | 2013-01-29 | 2015-03-20 | Alstom Technology Ltd | Disjoncteur pourvu de moyens reduisant l'arc de commutation entre contacts permanents |
CN106796856B (zh) * | 2014-10-03 | 2020-03-06 | 管理科学有限公司 | 防止电气导管中电弧故障的方法、***和装置 |
CN106298363B (zh) * | 2016-09-30 | 2018-01-26 | 华中科技大学 | 一种基于脉冲电磁力的***型直流断路器 |
JP7441605B2 (ja) * | 2018-01-02 | 2024-03-01 | ギガバック リミテッド ライアビリティ カンパニー | パイロテクニック式切断機能一体型接触器装置 |
CN111919276A (zh) * | 2018-03-28 | 2020-11-10 | 松下知识产权经营株式会社 | 电路切断装置 |
GB2582307A (en) | 2019-03-18 | 2020-09-23 | Eaton Intelligent Power Ltd | Switching device for fast disconnection of short-circuit currents |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1217131A (en) * | 1968-01-08 | 1970-12-31 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Fluid-blast circuit interrupter with insulating arc shield |
DE3537314A1 (de) * | 1985-09-30 | 1987-04-02 | Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie | Vorrichtung zum unterbrechen von strom |
Family Cites Families (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1020082B (de) * | 1953-07-17 | 1957-11-28 | Emag Elek Zitaets Ges M B H | Mit Explosivstoff betriebener elektrischer Schalter |
US4224491A (en) * | 1978-03-16 | 1980-09-23 | Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. | Chemically activated switch |
US4250365A (en) * | 1978-03-22 | 1981-02-10 | Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. | Current interrupter for fault current limiter and method |
US4342978A (en) * | 1979-03-19 | 1982-08-03 | S&C Electric Company | Explosively-actuated switch and current limiting, high voltage fuse using same |
DE3545327A1 (de) * | 1985-12-20 | 1987-06-25 | Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie | Antrieb fuer einen elektrischen schalter |
DE3621186A1 (de) * | 1986-06-25 | 1988-01-07 | Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum antrieb eines linear bewegbaren bauelementes, insbesondere des beweglichen schaltkontaktes eines elektrischen hochspannungs-leistungsschalters |
US5535842A (en) * | 1993-03-05 | 1996-07-16 | Volkswagen Ag | Safety arrangement for collision-related disconnection of an electrical energy source from a motor vehicle supply circuit |
DE19613568A1 (de) * | 1996-04-04 | 1997-10-09 | Asea Brown Boveri | Leistungsschalter |
DE19816506B4 (de) * | 1998-04-14 | 2008-04-30 | Abb Research Ltd. | Leistungsschalter |
-
1999
- 1999-01-11 DE DE19900666A patent/DE19900666A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1999-12-20 EP EP99811174A patent/EP1020886B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-12-20 AT AT99811174T patent/ATE233944T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-12-20 DE DE59904438T patent/DE59904438D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2000
- 2000-01-04 US US09/477,368 patent/US6252190B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1217131A (en) * | 1968-01-08 | 1970-12-31 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Fluid-blast circuit interrupter with insulating arc shield |
DE3537314A1 (de) * | 1985-09-30 | 1987-04-02 | Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie | Vorrichtung zum unterbrechen von strom |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2017102171A1 (de) * | 2015-12-17 | 2017-06-22 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Vorrichtung zum schalten eines elektrischen stromkreises |
US10217595B2 (en) | 2015-12-17 | 2019-02-26 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Device for switching an electrical circuit |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE59904438D1 (de) | 2003-04-10 |
US6252190B1 (en) | 2001-06-26 |
EP1020886B1 (de) | 2003-03-05 |
DE19900666A1 (de) | 2000-07-13 |
EP1020886A3 (de) | 2001-10-10 |
ATE233944T1 (de) | 2003-03-15 |
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