EP1014472B1 - Directional coupler - Google Patents

Directional coupler Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1014472B1
EP1014472B1 EP99123509A EP99123509A EP1014472B1 EP 1014472 B1 EP1014472 B1 EP 1014472B1 EP 99123509 A EP99123509 A EP 99123509A EP 99123509 A EP99123509 A EP 99123509A EP 1014472 B1 EP1014472 B1 EP 1014472B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
coupled
striplines
coupling
stripline
substrate
Prior art date
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP99123509A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1014472A1 (en
Inventor
Ludwig Moll
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Rohde and Schwarz GmbH and Co KG
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Rohde and Schwarz GmbH and Co KG
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P5/00—Coupling devices of the waveguide type
    • H01P5/12—Coupling devices having more than two ports
    • H01P5/16—Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port
    • H01P5/18—Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port consisting of two coupled guides, e.g. directional couplers
    • H01P5/184—Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port consisting of two coupled guides, e.g. directional couplers the guides being strip lines or microstrips
    • H01P5/185—Edge coupled lines
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P5/00—Coupling devices of the waveguide type
    • H01P5/12—Coupling devices having more than two ports
    • H01P5/16—Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port
    • H01P5/18—Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port consisting of two coupled guides, e.g. directional couplers
    • H01P5/184—Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port consisting of two coupled guides, e.g. directional couplers the guides being strip lines or microstrips
    • H01P5/187—Broadside coupled lines

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a broadband directional coupler according to the preamble of Patent claim 1.
  • Broadband directional couplers of this type are known (Meinke / Gundlach, Taschenbuch the high-frequency technology, 5th edition, Springer Verlag, pages L 33 and L 34; E.M.T. JONES, MICROWAVE FILTERS, IMPEDANCE-MATCHING NETWORKS, AND COUPLING STRUCTURES, ARTECH HOUSE BOOKS, pages 776 and 790).
  • the Cascade switched two, three or more coupling sections of different Coupling attenuation are here between spatially curved opposite Ladders formed, wherein the coupling sections with a fixed coupling a relatively small Distance between these conductors and the coupling sections with loose coupling a corresponding have greater distance of these conductors. In between, the ladder is kinked Transition sections formed.
  • This known construction of such broadband Directional coupler is very complicated and expensive.
  • This object is based on a broadband directional coupler according to the preamble of Patent claim 1 solved by the characterizing features.
  • all coupling sections of different Coupling attenuation in planar line technology formed on a substrate and indeed the sections with loose coupling are coplanar coupled frontally Microstrip lines and the sections coupled with fixed coupling broadside Microstrip lines as they are known per se (for example according to Meinke-Gundlach, Page L 33, Table 1).
  • the inventive principle is suitable for any number of cascade connected Coupling sections, as well as any long coupling sections.
  • a broadband directional coupler can be constructed which in a wide frequency band from 470 to 860 MHz for the exact distribution of a High frequency power with mutual 90 ° phase position is suitable.
  • FIG. 1 shows the plan view of a broadband directional coupler according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 shows the back
  • Fig. 3 shows the section along the line I-I.
  • Fig. 1 shows a broadband directional coupler consisting of a total of three in cascade switched coupling sections 1, 2 and 3 different coupling damping
  • the both outer coupling sections 1 and 3 have, for example, a coupling damping from - 19dB
  • the intermediate middle section has a coupling loss of 2,2dB.
  • Each of the coupling sections 1, 2 and 3 has an electrical length of ⁇ / 4.
  • the two outer coupling sections 1 and 3 of relatively loose coupling are through two side by side guided and only frontally coupled together Coplanar lines 4 and 5 are formed, which are S-shaped curved to save space.
  • the middle coupling portion 2 of relatively fixed coupling is by two broadside coupled microstrip lines 6 and 7 formed on opposite sides of the substrate 8 are formed and facing each other on the wide side.
  • the back strip conductor 7 is provided on the back side of the substrate 8 continuous metal lamination 9 is provided with a recess 10.
  • the one Strip conductor 5 of the two outer coupling sections 1 and 3 are each directly in formed on the front side of the substrate 8 strip conductor 6 of the middle Coupling section 2 on, the other strip conductor 4 of the two coupling sections 1 and 3 ends frontally at a distance in front of the strip conductor 6 formed on the upper side and is by means of through-connections 11 with the rear stripline 7 of the middle coupling section 2 galvanically connected.
  • a Creating a defined environment on top of the substrate can be beneficial be on the middle coupling section 2 an additional shielding hood 12th set up with their edges on corresponding ground strip 13 on the Top of the substrate rests.

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  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Waveguide Connection Structure (AREA)
  • Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen breitbandigen Richtkoppler laut Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1.The invention relates to a broadband directional coupler according to the preamble of Patent claim 1.

Breitbandige Richtkoppler dieser Art sind bekannt (Meinke/Gundlach, Taschenbuch der Hochfrequenztechnik, 5. Auflage, Springer Verlag, Seiten L 33 und L 34; E.M.T. JONES, MICROWAVE FILTERS, IMPEDANCE-MATCHING NETWORKS, AND COUPLING STRUCTURES, ARTECH HOUSE BOOKS, Seiten 776 und 790). Die in Kaskade geschalteten zwei, drei oder mehr Koppelabschnitte unterschiedlicher Koppeldämpfung werden hierbei zwischen räumlich gekrümmten gegenüberliegenden Leitern gebildet, wobei die Koppelabschnitte mit fester Kopplung einen relativ geringen Abstand dieser Leiter und die Koppelabschnitte mit loser Kopplung einen entsprechend größeren Abstand dieser Leiter aufweisen. Dazwischen sind die Leiter als geknickte Übergangsabschnitte ausgebildet. Dieser bekannte Aufbau solcher breitbandiger Richtkoppler ist sehr aufwendig und teuer.Broadband directional couplers of this type are known (Meinke / Gundlach, Taschenbuch the high-frequency technology, 5th edition, Springer Verlag, pages L 33 and L 34; E.M.T. JONES, MICROWAVE FILTERS, IMPEDANCE-MATCHING NETWORKS, AND COUPLING STRUCTURES, ARTECH HOUSE BOOKS, pages 776 and 790). In the Cascade switched two, three or more coupling sections of different Coupling attenuation are here between spatially curved opposite Ladders formed, wherein the coupling sections with a fixed coupling a relatively small Distance between these conductors and the coupling sections with loose coupling a corresponding have greater distance of these conductors. In between, the ladder is kinked Transition sections formed. This known construction of such broadband Directional coupler is very complicated and expensive.

Es ist auch schon bekannt, die Koppelabschnitte mit loser Kopplung aus stirnseitig verkoppelten Streifenleitern und die Koppelabschnitte mit fester Kopplung aus breitseitig verkoppelten Streifenleitern herzustellen (DE-A-1 964 412). Die breitseitig gekoppelten Streifenleiter wurden auf der Vorderseite eines Substrats durch Zwischenlage eines gesonderten sehr dünnen keramischen Isolators voneinander getrennt aufgebaut, was schwerwiegende und grundsätzliche Herstellungsmängel mit sich brachte (DE-A-1 964 412, Seite 7, unten bis Seite 8, oben).It is also already known, the coupling sections with loose coupling of the front side coupled strip conductors and the coupling sections with a fixed coupling Produce broadband coupled stripline (DE-A-1 964 412). The broadside coupled stripline were on the front side of a substrate by interposing a separate very thin ceramic insulator from each other separated, causing serious and fundamental manufacturing defects (DE-A-1 964 412, page 7, bottom to page 8, top).

Es ist daher Aufgabe der Erfindung, einen breitbandigen Richtkoppler dieser Art zu schaffen, der sehr preiswert in gedruckter Schaltungstechnik herstellbar ist.It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a broadband directional coupler of this type create that is very inexpensive to produce in printed circuit technology.

Diese Aufgabe wird ausgehend von einem Breitbandrichtkoppler laut Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1 durch dessen kennzeichnende Merkmale gelöst. This object is based on a broadband directional coupler according to the preamble of Patent claim 1 solved by the characterizing features.

Gemäß der Erfindung werden sämtliche Koppelabschnitte von unterschiedlicher Koppeldämpfung in planarer Leitungstechnik auf einem Substrat ausgebildet und zwar sind die Abschnitte mit loser Kopplung stirnseitig koplanar verkoppelte Mikrostreifenleitungen und die Abschnitte mit fester Kopplung breitseitig verkoppelte Mikrostreifenleitungen, wie sie für sich jeweils bekannt sind (z.B. nach Meinke-Gundlach, Seite L 33, Tabelle 1). Die nur stirnseitig koplanar verkoppelten. Mikrostreifenleitungen, durch welche die Koppelabschnitte mit loser Kopplung gebildet werden, sind in üblicher Weise in gedruckter Schaltungstechnik auf der Oberseite eines Substrats ausgebildet, die breitseitig verkoppelten Mikrostreifenleitungen, durch welche die Koppelabschnitte mit fester Kopplung gebildet werden, sind als gegenüberliegende Streifenleitungen auf der Vorder- und Rückseite des Substrats ausgebildet. Für den Übergang zwischen diesen Koppelabschnitten ist von dem einen Streifenleiter der Koplanar-Leitung eine Durchverbindung zur Rückseite erforderlich, was ebenfalls in bekannter gedruckter Schaltungstechnik realisierbar ist. Ein erfindungsgemäßer Breitbandrichtkoppler kann damit insgesamt sehr einfach und billig auch in Massenproduktion in gedruckter Schaltungstechnik hergestellt werden.According to the invention, all coupling sections of different Coupling attenuation in planar line technology formed on a substrate and indeed the sections with loose coupling are coplanar coupled frontally Microstrip lines and the sections coupled with fixed coupling broadside Microstrip lines as they are known per se (for example according to Meinke-Gundlach, Page L 33, Table 1). The only coupled coplanar frontally. Microstrip lines through which the coupling sections formed with loose coupling are in the usual way in printed circuit technology on the top of a Substrate formed, the broadside coupled microstrip lines through which the coupling sections are formed with a fixed coupling are as opposed Strip lines formed on the front and back of the substrate. For the Transition between these coupling sections is of a strip conductor of Coplanar line requires a through connection to the back, which is also in known printed circuit technology is feasible. An inventive Broadband directional coupler can thus be very simple and cheap also in total Mass production can be produced in printed circuit technology.

Das erfindungsgemäße Prinzip eignet sich für beliebig viele in Kaskade geschaltete Koppelabschnitte, ebenso für beliebige lange Koppelabschnitte. Die Dimensionierung der Länge und der Anzahl der Koppelabschnitte erfolgt in bekannter Weise. Gemäß der Erfindung kann beispielsweise ein breitbandiger Richtkoppler aufgebaut werden, der in einem breiten Frequenzband von 470 bis 860 MHz zur exakten Aufteilung einer Hochfrequenzleistung mit gegenseitiger 90°-Phasenlage geeignet ist.The inventive principle is suitable for any number of cascade connected Coupling sections, as well as any long coupling sections. The sizing the length and the number of coupling sections in a known manner. According to the Invention, for example, a broadband directional coupler can be constructed which in a wide frequency band from 470 to 860 MHz for the exact distribution of a High frequency power with mutual 90 ° phase position is suitable.

Die Erfindung wird im Folgenden anhand schematischer Zeichnungen an einem Ausführungsbeispiel näher erläutert.The invention is described below with reference to schematic drawings on a Embodiment explained in more detail.

Fig. 1 zeigt die Draufsicht auf einen erfindungsgemäßen Breitbandrichtkoppler, Fig. 2 zeigt die Rückseite und Fig. 3 zeigt den Schnitt längs der Linie I-I.1 shows the plan view of a broadband directional coupler according to the invention, FIG. 2 shows the back and Fig. 3 shows the section along the line I-I.

Fig. 1 zeigt einen Breitband-Richtkoppler, bestehend aus insgesamt drei in Kaskade geschalteten Koppelabschnitten 1, 2 und 3 unterschiedlicher Koppeldämpfung, die beiden äußeren Koppelabschnitte 1 und 3 besitzen beispielsweise eine Koppeldämpfung von - 19dB, der dazwischenliegende mittlere Abschnitt eine Koppeldämpfung von 2,2dB. Jeder der Koppelabschnitte 1, 2 und 3 besitzt eine elektrische Länge von λ/4. Die beiden äußeren Koppelabschnitte 1 und 3 von relativ loser Kopplung werden durch zwei nebeneinander geführte und nur stirnseitig miteinander verkoppelte Koplanarleitungen 4 und 5 gebildet, die zur Platzersparnis S-förmig gekrümmt sind. Der mittlere Koppelabschnitt 2 von relativ fester Kopplung wird durch zwei breitseitig verkoppelte Mikrostreifenleitungen 6 und 7 gebildet, die auf gegenüberliegenden Seiten des Substrats 8 ausgebildet sind und sich breitseitig gegenüberstehen. Zur Ausbildung des rückseitigen Streifenleiters 7 ist die auf der Rückseite des Substrats 8 vorgesehene durchgehende Metallkaschierung 9 mit einer Ausnehmung 10 versehen. Der eine Streifenleiter 5 der beiden äußeren Koppelabschnitte 1 und 3 geht jeweils unmittelbar in den auf der Vorderseite des Substrats 8 ausgebildeten Streifenleiter 6 des mittleren Koppelabschnittes 2 über, der andere Streifenleiter 4 der beiden Koppelabschnitte 1 und 3 endet stirnseitig im Abstand vor dem auf der Oberseite ausgebildeten Streifenleiter 6 und ist mittels Durchverbindungen 11 mit dem rückseitigen Streifenleiter 7 des mittleren Koppelabschnittes 2 galvanisch verbunden.Fig. 1 shows a broadband directional coupler consisting of a total of three in cascade switched coupling sections 1, 2 and 3 different coupling damping, the both outer coupling sections 1 and 3 have, for example, a coupling damping from - 19dB, the intermediate middle section has a coupling loss of 2,2dB. Each of the coupling sections 1, 2 and 3 has an electrical length of λ / 4. The two outer coupling sections 1 and 3 of relatively loose coupling are through two side by side guided and only frontally coupled together Coplanar lines 4 and 5 are formed, which are S-shaped curved to save space. The middle coupling portion 2 of relatively fixed coupling is by two broadside coupled microstrip lines 6 and 7 formed on opposite sides of the substrate 8 are formed and facing each other on the wide side. For training the back strip conductor 7 is provided on the back side of the substrate 8 continuous metal lamination 9 is provided with a recess 10. The one Strip conductor 5 of the two outer coupling sections 1 and 3 are each directly in formed on the front side of the substrate 8 strip conductor 6 of the middle Coupling section 2 on, the other strip conductor 4 of the two coupling sections 1 and 3 ends frontally at a distance in front of the strip conductor 6 formed on the upper side and is by means of through-connections 11 with the rear stripline 7 of the middle coupling section 2 galvanically connected.

Um für den mittleren Koppelabschnitt 2 ähnlich wie bei sogenannten breitseitig verkoppelten Triplate-Leitungen (Meinke-Gundlach, Seite L 33, Tabelle 1, Ausführung b) eine definierte Umgebung auf der Oberseite des Substrats zu schaffen, kann es von Vorteil sein, auf den mittleren Koppelabschnitt 2 eine zusätzliche Abschirmhaube 12 aufzusetzen, die mit ihren Rändern auf entsprechenden Masseleiterstreifen 13 auf der Oberseite des Substrats aufliegt.To similar for the middle coupling section 2 as in so-called broadside coupled triplate lines (Meinke-Gundlach, page L 33, Table 1, execution b) a Creating a defined environment on top of the substrate can be beneficial be on the middle coupling section 2 an additional shielding hood 12th set up with their edges on corresponding ground strip 13 on the Top of the substrate rests.

Claims (2)

  1. Broad-band directional coupler with at least two coupling sections (1,2,3) of different coupling loss connected in a cascade, wherein coupling sections (1,3) consist of striplines (4,5) with a loose coupling coupled on the short side, and coupling sections (2) consist of striplines (6,7) with a fixed coupling coupled on the long side,
    characterised in that
    the striplines (6,7) coupled on the long-side are formed on opposite sides of a substrate (8) and, for this purpose, the continuous metal covering (9) on the rear-side of the substrate (8) provides a recess (10) for the rear-side stripline (7) and the striplines coupled on the short side are formed as micro-striplines connected to the latter on the front side of the same substrate (8).
  2. Broad-band directional coupler according to claim 1,
    characterised in that
    the one stripline (5) of the striplines (4,5) coupled on the short side continues on the front side of the substrate (8) directly into the frontside stripline (6) of the striplines (6,7) coupled on the long-side, and the other stripline (4) of the striplines (4,5) coupled on the short side ends at a distance before the stripline (6) formed on the front side of the substrate, of the striplines (6,7) coupled on the long side, and is galvanically connected by a through-connection (11) to the rear-side stripline (7) of the striplines (6,7) coupled on the long side.
EP99123509A 1998-12-17 1999-11-25 Directional coupler Expired - Lifetime EP1014472B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19858470 1998-12-17
DE19858470A DE19858470A1 (en) 1998-12-17 1998-12-17 Directional coupler

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Publication Number Publication Date
EP1014472A1 EP1014472A1 (en) 2000-06-28
EP1014472B1 true EP1014472B1 (en) 2004-04-07

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EP99123509A Expired - Lifetime EP1014472B1 (en) 1998-12-17 1999-11-25 Directional coupler

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102005016054A1 (en) * 2005-04-07 2006-10-12 Kathrein-Werke Kg High-frequency coupler or power divider, in particular narrow-band and / or 3dB coupler or power divider

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE522404C2 (en) * 2001-11-30 2004-02-10 Ericsson Telefon Ab L M directional Couplers
US7245192B2 (en) * 2003-12-08 2007-07-17 Werlatone, Inc. Coupler with edge and broadside coupled sections
EP1837946B1 (en) 2006-03-25 2012-07-11 HÜTTINGER Elektronik GmbH + Co. KG Directional coupler

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3516024A (en) * 1968-12-30 1970-06-02 Texas Instruments Inc Interdigitated strip line coupler
JPS61184901A (en) * 1985-02-12 1986-08-18 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Suspended line type directional coupler
US4967171A (en) * 1987-08-07 1990-10-30 Mitsubishi Danki Kabushiki Kaisha Microwave integrated circuit
US5006821A (en) * 1989-09-14 1991-04-09 Astec International, Ltd. RF coupler having non-overlapping off-set coupling lines
US5057798A (en) * 1990-06-22 1991-10-15 Hughes Aircraft Company Space-saving two-sided microwave circuitry for hybrid circuits

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102005016054A1 (en) * 2005-04-07 2006-10-12 Kathrein-Werke Kg High-frequency coupler or power divider, in particular narrow-band and / or 3dB coupler or power divider

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DE59909108D1 (en) 2004-05-13
DE19858470A1 (en) 2000-06-21
EP1014472A1 (en) 2000-06-28

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