EP1005930B1 - Process and device for hydraulic shaping workpieces - Google Patents

Process and device for hydraulic shaping workpieces Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1005930B1
EP1005930B1 EP99123764A EP99123764A EP1005930B1 EP 1005930 B1 EP1005930 B1 EP 1005930B1 EP 99123764 A EP99123764 A EP 99123764A EP 99123764 A EP99123764 A EP 99123764A EP 1005930 B1 EP1005930 B1 EP 1005930B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pressure
mould
workpiece
spacer ring
casing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP99123764A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1005930A1 (en
Inventor
Lonka Bürgel
Frank Schieck
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
KUKA Systems GmbH
Original Assignee
KUKA Werkzeugbau Schwarzenberg GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by KUKA Werkzeugbau Schwarzenberg GmbH filed Critical KUKA Werkzeugbau Schwarzenberg GmbH
Publication of EP1005930A1 publication Critical patent/EP1005930A1/en
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Publication of EP1005930B1 publication Critical patent/EP1005930B1/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
    • B21D26/02—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure
    • B21D26/021—Deforming sheet bodies
    • B21D26/025—Means for controlling the clamping or opening of the moulds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
    • B21D26/02—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
    • B21D26/02—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure
    • B21D26/021—Deforming sheet bodies
    • B21D26/029—Closing or sealing means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
    • B21D26/02—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure
    • B21D26/021—Deforming sheet bodies
    • B21D26/031—Mould construction
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49805—Shaping by direct application of fluent pressure

Definitions

  • the invention relates at least to a method for forming a workpiece under high pressure liquid after Preamble of claim 1 and a device for forming at least one workpiece under high pressure liquid by means of a forming tool according to the preamble of claim 3.
  • DE 44 17 460 A1 shows a method for producing Sheet metal parts by loading sheet metal semi-finished products with a print medium.
  • the additional material requirement the deformation is not caused by weakening the material in this area but by flowing from another Area, i.e. plastic stretching of the material in the frame area were made.
  • the deformed workpiece in the outermost area still to be clamped so that the material requirement in the forming area just by reflow and not by moving material areas.
  • this requires a weakening of the material over the Afterflow area.
  • US 2 728 317 shows a device for hydraulic Forming with a pressure housing surrounding the mold.
  • the invention has for its object, while avoiding of the above-mentioned disadvantages a device for forming creating workpieces such as sheet metal blanks in particular, by means of which an optimal forming of a workpiece is possible.
  • the stated object is achieved using a method of the type mentioned at the beginning by the characteristic of Claim 1 solved.
  • the solution according to the invention ensures that initially when pressurized on one side of a workpiece (or between two workpieces) the required Flow of the workpieces is ensured on the other hand in the final shaping (calibration) the workpieces on the edge exposed and no longer have to be held, ' so that the complete workpiece shape the calibration process can be subjected. Because consciously to a maximum high-pressure tightness in the clamping area of the tools is waived, the tightness is replaced by a pressure-tight encapsulation of the tool, in particular by one that is separate from the forming tool and completely encloses it Pressure housing reached.
  • the Closing force of the tool is adjustable.
  • the closing force the forming tool can be set in this way become; that they are slightly below the opening force of the for final forming or calibration of the respective workpieces required calibration pressure. So that a controlled
  • the invention provides in further refinements before that drive device for moving tool parts and housing parts are separate facilities and that a small vertical play with the tool closed, including also spacer rings and plates as well Workpieces within the pressure housing is given and that the drive device (pressing device) for the housing a greater closing force has, as the drive device for the tool, so that the workpieces in the edge area through Tool can be clamped with a closing force that acts below the closing force with which the housing parts be kept closed.
  • both workpieces initially with an intermediate layer of a spacer clamped at the edge are.
  • the device provides that a part (lower part) of the Pressure housing on the inside a circumferential recess has and that another part (upper part) of the pressure housing a projection engaging in the recess has limited strength. This creates a high pressure seal created.
  • the lead is under on him liquid high pressure acting within the pressure housing radially outwards against the wall or shoulder the recess on the other part of the pressure housing, which means that the internal pressure increases Tightness is increased.
  • a low pressure seal can be provided. This is done by facing a seal between each other End faces of the parts of the pressure housing reached.
  • a low pressure seal can come in different Be trained. Either such that the seal is a seal made of solid, elastic material or that the seal is a fillable with pressure medium Hose seal is.
  • a further preferred embodiment of the invention provides before that between the upper and lower part of the forming tool a spacer ring is arranged so that a workpiece between part of the tool and the spacer ring can be clamped and possibly another workpiece between the spacer ring and the other part of the tool can be clamped is.
  • a spacer ring that the workpieces are also clamped in their tools
  • Edge areas mechanically in a desired manner can be deformed and, if two at the same time Workpieces are not deformed in their edge areas are deformed in the same or complementary manner have to.
  • the top and bottom of the spacer ring at least sometimes not parallel to each other and / or is not even.
  • the Spacer ring has a filling inlet. This will achieved that not between immediately one another lying sheet metal blanks an inlet for the hydraulic fluid in the space between the sheet metal blanks must be provided, the sheet metal blanks in this Inlet area in a shape not corresponding to its final shape but due to the need for admission Are shaped. With an inlet immediately between the edges of sheet metal blanks - as is the case with the Technology is the case - arise here, too Leakage problems. These disadvantages are compounded by the essentially radially or laterally through the spacer ring guided entry avoided.
  • the inlet can either with the interior of the pressure housing surrounding the forming tool communicate directly or else it can be provided that the filling inlet of the spacer ring with a filling passage of the pressure housing when closed Pressure housing and tool are aligned, in particular through a tight connection between the inlet of the Spacer ring and passage of the pressure housing Is marked.
  • the connection between Passage in the pressure housing and inlet in the spacer ring The socket is preferably fixed to the Spacer ring connected or integrally formed on this and engages with her the passage of the housing End, which is preferably formed as a circumferential collar is in an annular groove of the housing by two semicircular ring grooves in the upper and lower part of the Interfaces of the two parts can be formed.
  • a further preferred embodiment of the invention provides an extending, closable emptying outlet in front (through the wall of the pressure housing). Furthermore can the tool with spacer plates in between Pressure housing can be arranged.
  • the inventive device 1 for hydraulic Forming sheet metal blanks using High pressure has a pressure housing 2 consisting of a lower housing part 3 and an upper housing part 4 on. Between lower and upper housing parts 3 and 4 is a low pressure seal 6 made of one circumferentially closed sealing ring or a Sealing hose arranged which is suitable in two Trained grooves 7,7a of the lower and lower tool Upper part 3.4 is inserted. When training the Low-pressure seal 6 can be used as a sealing hose pressurized fluid inside.
  • a high pressure seal is formed, because when the high pressure is applied to the inside of the Housing 2 facing wall portion 9a of the projection 9 this against the inner paragraph 8 limiting Vertical wall of the lower housing part 3 is pressed tightly.
  • the upper housing part 4 has bushings 11 for Push pin on (Figure 1) or quick fill inlets for the pressure housing. Furthermore, it points a hydraulic fluid inlet 13 ( Figures 2.5) and one or more pressure relief outlets 12 ( Figure 1).
  • the former is by two corresponding ones semicircular grooves in each other closed end faces of housing lower and Upper part 3.4 created and forms when closed Housing a tubular passage.
  • the inside of the pressure housing 2 can through this also against extremely high pressure be reliably sealed.
  • the actual molding tool 21 for Forming sheet metal blanks 22,23 being in the Figure 1 by the compared to the sheet metal blank 22nd increased thickness of the sheet metal blank 23 and the Paragraphs in the marginal areas indicated is that the sheet metal blank 23 is a multilayer or sandwich sheet is concerned, the individual layers are at least partially welded can.
  • the tool 21 consists of a lower tool part 24 with a die formation 24a and one Tool upper part 26 with a die formation 26a, the form of the matrix in each case the shape of the device according to the invention High pressure forming sheet metal blanks determine.
  • the upper part of the housing spacer elements such as the spacer element 29 in the form of flat metal cuboids be arranged.
  • spacers can also be used on the bottom of the lower housing part 3 lie between this and the tool part 24.
  • the upper tool part 26 is via pressure bolts 31, through the openings 11 of the upper housing part 4 protrude through with a first press device (not shown) connected.
  • the upper part of the tool 4 is with a second press device (also not shown) connected, the higher one Can apply pressure than that the tool 21st press acting.
  • the Spacer ring 27 with a filling passage 32 as Filling ring formed ( Figure 5).
  • the inlet 32 in Spacer ring 27 is aligned with the passage 13 in Housing 2 and is with this via a socket 33rd connected so that the cavity between the sheets 24.26 directly with the hydraulic pressure filling device (not shown) is connected and not across the side gap 34 between Tool 21 and housing 2 - to flow the Sheet metal blanks 22, 23 in the edge clamping area to enable - this according to the invention not be clamped so much that a pressure-tight Closure of the interior of the tool outer, the space 34, can be effected a controlled in the illustrated embodiment Pressure difference between the high pressure interior, limited by sheet metal blanks to be deformed and spacer ring and the intermediate space 34, are shown, the pressure outlet 12th checked for example by means of a valve becomes.
  • passage can also 13 and inlet 32 only in the intermediate space 34 lead.
  • the device have or do not have an outlet 12 locked during operation of the device his.
  • the sheet metal blanks are formed according to the invention in the following way:
  • the housing 2 of the invention Device 1 in an open State as it can be seen in Figures 3 and 6 is.
  • the lower sheet metal blank 22 inserted.
  • the spacer ring 27 which is at a vertical distance from the Lower tool part 24 is located and is against Tool 24 driven.
  • the upper sheet metal blank 23 inserted.
  • the tool 21 is then closed by the tool upper part 26 is moved down. This is done if necessary - in the embodiment shown not level and not perpendicular to the closing direction End faces of tools and spacer ring - A mechanical free forming of the sheet metal blanks according to the contours of the tool parts and the spacer ring.
  • the tool 21 is filled, more precisely the space between sheet metal blanks 22,23 and spacer ring 27 with the working medium (Pressure fluid). Even the tubular low pressure seal is pressurized, so that it fulfills its function.
  • the working medium Pressure fluid
  • the hold-down force acts on the drawing flanges the sheet metal blanks 22.23 regardless of the Closing force of the housing 2 and is less than this.
  • the pressure builds up in the forming area the sheet metal blanks 22, 23 after the overcoming the yield point begins the forming process and as long as the sheet metal blanks 22, 23 still have none Have contact with the drawing dies 24a, 26a there is even stress distribution in the sheet on.
  • the material flow may also be separated adjustable between both sheet metal cuts, in which he controlled via hold-down forces can be, on the other hand pull beads and / or Barrier edges, possibly also locally, may be provided can, depending on the geometry of the sheet metal part are trainable.
  • the gap is filled in a controlled manner 34 being initially - with the pressure build-up in Inside of the tool - also a separate filling of the gap 34 possible in the initial stage is. Since, as I said, the hold-down force of the Tool 21 is always less than the sealing force of the housing 2, can also be used to a small extent Working medium over the contact surfaces of the sheet metal blanks 22,23 get into the space 34, what by the lubricating effect of the hydraulic fluid the flow of the material of the sheet metal blanks favored.
  • the hold-down force is in the end area of the pressure build-up of the tool 21 no longer via the plunger 31 of the press device acting on it causes: With the increased pressure build-up and if the sheet metal blanks on the die formations 24, 26, the tool parts 24, 26 due to the high internal pressure against the housing parts 3, 4 pressed so that the final or calibration pressure the maximum locking force of the device corresponds to which of the housing 1 on the in shown execution area on the spacer plate 29 is transferred to the tool 21.
  • the tool parts 24, 26, albeit minimally, apart from each other, so that they in the sheet metal blanks 22, 23 not in their edge regions hold on more. But at this point, it is Post-flow process completed.
  • another Extension level of the device can be adjusted by appropriate Dimensioning of housing, spacer plates and Tool parts or by a vertical length compensation the lifting of the tool parts is reduced if the forming process requires it.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)

Abstract

Fluid high pressure is used to reshape at least one workpiece and the equipment involves a tool with upper and lower parts. The tool clamps the workpiece in edge areas, leaving material flow free. The reshaping tool (21) is enclosed by a separate pressure housing (2). The lower part (3) of the pressure housing has an all-round recess (8) on the inside. The upper part (4) of the pressure housing has a projection with limited thickness which engages in the recess. A seal is fitted between the facing face surfaces of the parts of the pressure housing and locates in grooves (7a). The seal is of the hose type, fillable with pressure medium.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Umformen mindestens eines Werkstücks unter Flüssigkeits-Hochdruck nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 und eine Vorrichtung zum Umformen mindestens eines Werkstücks unter Flüssigkeits-Hochdruck mittels eines Umformwerkzeugs nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 3.The invention relates at least to a method for forming a workpiece under high pressure liquid after Preamble of claim 1 and a device for forming at least one workpiece under high pressure liquid by means of a forming tool according to the preamble of claim 3.

Das hydraulische oder Hochdruck-Umformen wurde an geschlossenen Werkstücken, wie Rohren, entwickelt. Es wurde auch schon vorgeschlagen, Blechzuschnitte durch eine umlaufende dichte Schweißnaht zu doppeln und durch Druckbeaufschlagung im Zwischenraum hydraulisch umzuformen. Wenn die Blechzuschnitte nicht gemeinsam verwendet werden sollen, so müssen sie nachträglich aufwendig wieder getrennt werden. Ein weiterer Nachteil ergibt sich durch das eingeschränkte Werkstofffließverhalten, bedingt durch die Schweißnaht und damit verbunden den nahezu gleichen Werkstofffluß für das obere und untere Werkstück, was wiederum die Auswahl von Teilepaarungen für Teile mit unterschiedlicher Geometrie bzw. auch die mögliche Teilekomplexität wesentlich eingeschränkt. Es wurde daher auch schon vorgeschlagen, gedoppelte Blechzuschnitte ohne feste (Schweiß-)Verbindung zu verformen, wobei die Dichtigkeit im Randbereich nicht durch eine Verschweißung, sondern durch Beaufschlagung der Randbereiche der beiden Blechzuschnitte durch ein kombiniertes Spann- und Umformwerkzeug bewirkt wird, auf DE 195 35 170 A1. Hierbei ergibt sich zunächst das Problem, daß bei einem zur erforderlichen Dichtigkeit hinreichend festen Einspannen das erforderliche Fließen, das gerade durch die fehlende Schweißverbindung ermöglicht werden soll, nicht in hinreichender Weise gegeben ist. Wird ein solches Fließen durch Reduzieren der Spannkraft ermöglicht, so wird hierdurch die Dichtigkeit zwischen den Randbereichen der Blechteile vermindert.The hydraulic or high pressure forming was closed on Workpieces, such as pipes, developed. It was too already suggested sheet metal blanks through a circumferential double weld seam and pressurization to be hydraulically formed in the gap. If the sheet metal blanks should not be used together, so must they are subsequently separated again at great expense. Another The disadvantage arises from the restricted material flow behavior, due to the weld seam and thus connected almost the same material flow for the upper and lower workpiece, which in turn is the selection of Part pairs for parts with different geometries or the possible complexity of parts is significantly restricted. It has therefore already been proposed to double Sheet metal cuts without a fixed (weld) connection deform, the tightness in the edge area not through a weld, but by acting on the edge areas of the two sheet metal blanks by a combined one Clamping and forming tool is effected on DE 195 35 170 A1. The first problem that arises here is that with a Sufficiently firm clamping to the required tightness the required flow, just because of the lack Welded connection should be made possible, not in sufficient Way is given. Will such a flow by reducing the clamping force, so this will the tightness between the edge areas of the sheet metal parts reduced.

Die DE 44 17 460 A1 zeigt ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Blechformteilen durch die Beaufschlagung von Blechhalbzeugen mit einem Druckmedium. Bei diesem Verfahren soll das Material bei Bedarf in einem Zargenbereich nachfließen, also in einem Verformungsbereich der zusätzliche Materialbedarf die Verformung nicht durch Schwächung des Materials in diesem Bereichs sondern durch Nachfließen aus einem anderen Bereich, also plastische Streckung des Material im Zargenbereich erfolgten. Hierzu muss das verformte Werkstück im äußersten Bereich weiterhin eingespannt sein, damit der Materialbedarf im Umformungsbereich eben durch Nachfließen und nicht durch Verschieben von Materialbereichen erfolgt. Dies bedingt aber einer Schwächung der Materials über den Nachfließbereich hin.DE 44 17 460 A1 shows a method for producing Sheet metal parts by loading sheet metal semi-finished products with a print medium. In this process, the If necessary, reflow material in a frame area in a deformation area the additional material requirement the deformation is not caused by weakening the material in this area but by flowing from another Area, i.e. plastic stretching of the material in the frame area were made. For this, the deformed workpiece in the outermost area still to be clamped so that the material requirement in the forming area just by reflow and not by moving material areas. However, this requires a weakening of the material over the Afterflow area.

Die US 2 728 317 zeigt eine Vorrichtung zum hydraulischen Umformen mit einem die Form umgebenden Druckgehäuse. US 2 728 317 shows a device for hydraulic Forming with a pressure housing surrounding the mold.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, unter Vermeidung der oben genannten Nachteile eine Vorrichtung zum Umformen von Werkstücken wie insbesondere Blechzuschnitten zu schaffen, mittels derer eine optimale Umformung eines Werkstücks möglich ist.The invention has for its object, while avoiding of the above-mentioned disadvantages a device for forming creating workpieces such as sheet metal blanks in particular, by means of which an optimal forming of a workpiece is possible.

Erfindungsgemäß wird die genannte Aufgabe mit einem Verfahren der eingangs genannten Art durch das Kennzeichen des Anspruchs 1 gelöst.According to the invention, the stated object is achieved using a method of the type mentioned at the beginning by the characteristic of Claim 1 solved.

Zur Lösung der genannten Aufgabe weist eine gattungsgemäße Vorrichtung die kennzeichnenden Merkmale des Anspruchs 3 auf.To achieve the stated object, a generic Device the characterizing features of claim 3 on.

Durch die erfindungsgemäße Lösung wird erreicht, daß zunächst bei Druckbeaufschlagung auf einer Seite eines Werkstücks (oder zwischen zwei Werkstücken) das erforderliche Fließen der Werkstücke sichergestellt ist, daß andererseits bei der Endausformung (Kalibrierung) die Werkstücke randseitig freiliegen und nicht mehr festgehalten werden müssen,' so daß die komplette Werkstückform dem Kalibriervorgang unterzogen werden kann. Da bewußt auf eine maximale hochdrucksichere Dichtigkeit im Einspannbereich der Werkzeuge verzichtet wird, wird die Dichtigkeit durch eine druckdichte Einkapselung des Werkzeugs, insbesondere durch ein vom Umformwerkzeug getrenntes, dieses vollständig umschließendes Druckgehäuse erreicht.The solution according to the invention ensures that initially when pressurized on one side of a workpiece (or between two workpieces) the required Flow of the workpieces is ensured on the other hand in the final shaping (calibration) the workpieces on the edge exposed and no longer have to be held, ' so that the complete workpiece shape the calibration process can be subjected. Because consciously to a maximum high-pressure tightness in the clamping area of the tools is waived, the tightness is replaced by a pressure-tight encapsulation of the tool, in particular by one that is separate from the forming tool and completely encloses it Pressure housing reached.

In bevorzugter Ausgestaltung ist dabei vorgesehen, daß die Schließkraft des Werkzeugs einstellbar ist. Die Schließkraft des Umformwerkzeugs kann dabei derart eingestellt werden; daß sie geringfügig unterhalb der Öffnungskraft des zum Endumformen bzw. Kalibrieren der jeweiligen Werkstücke erforderlichen Kalibrierdrucks liegt. Damit ein gesteuertes In a preferred embodiment it is provided that the Closing force of the tool is adjustable. The closing force the forming tool can be set in this way become; that they are slightly below the opening force of the for final forming or calibration of the respective workpieces required calibration pressure. So that a controlled

Freigeben der Einspannung möglich ist, sieht die Erfindung in weiteren Ausgestaltungen vor, daß Antriebseinrichtung zum Bewegen von Werkzeugteilen einerseits und Gehäuseteilen voneinander getrennte Einrichtungen sind und daß ein geringes vertikales Spiel bei geschlossenem Werkzeug, einschließlich ebenfalls Distanzringen-und -platten sowie Werkstücken innerhalb des Druckgehäuses gegeben ist und daß die Antriebseinrichtung (Presseinrichtung) für das Gehäuse eine größere Schließkraft aufweist, als die Antriebseinrichtung für das Werkzeug, so daß also die Werkstücke im Randbereich durch das Werkzeug mit einer Schließkraft eingespannt werden, die unterhalb der Schließkraft wirkt, mit der die Gehäuseteile geschlossen gehalten werden.Release of the clamping is possible, the invention provides in further refinements before that drive device for moving tool parts and housing parts are separate facilities and that a small vertical play with the tool closed, including also spacer rings and plates as well Workpieces within the pressure housing is given and that the drive device (pressing device) for the housing a greater closing force has, as the drive device for the tool, so that the workpieces in the edge area through Tool can be clamped with a closing force that acts below the closing force with which the housing parts be kept closed.

In weiterer Ausbildung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens ist vorgesehen, daß beide Werkstücke zunächst unter Zwischenlage eines Distanzelementes randseitig verspannt sind.In a further development of the method according to the invention it is envisaged that both workpieces initially with an intermediate layer of a spacer clamped at the edge are.

Eine äußerst bevorzugte Ausgestaltung der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung sieht vor, daß ein Teil (Unterteil) des Druckgehäuses an der Innenseite eine umlaufende Ausnehmung aufweist und daß ein anderes Teil (Oberteil) des Druckgehäuses einen in die Ausnehmung eingreifenden Vorsprung begrenzter Stärke aufweist. Hierdurch wird eine Hochdruckdichtung geschaffen. Der Vorsprung wird unter auf ihn einwirkenden Flüssigkeitshochdruck innerhalb des Druckgehäuses radial nach außen gegen die Wandung oder Schulter der Ausnehmung am anderen Teil des Druckgehäuses gedrückt, wodurch gerade bei sich verstärkendem Innendruck die Dichtigkeit erhöht wird.An extremely preferred embodiment of the invention The device provides that a part (lower part) of the Pressure housing on the inside a circumferential recess has and that another part (upper part) of the pressure housing a projection engaging in the recess has limited strength. This creates a high pressure seal created. The lead is under on him liquid high pressure acting within the pressure housing radially outwards against the wall or shoulder the recess on the other part of the pressure housing, which means that the internal pressure increases Tightness is increased.

Zusätzlich kann eine Niederdruckdichtung vorgesehen sein. Dies wird durch eine Dichtung zwischen einander zugewandten Stirnflächen der Teile des Druckgehäuses erreicht. In konkreter Ausgestaltung kann dabei vorgesehen sein, daß in einander zugewandten Stirnflächen der Teile des Druckgehäuses nun Nuten ausgebildet sind, in die die Dichtung eingreift. Die Niederdruckdichtung kann in verschiedene Weise ausgebildet sein. Entweder derart, daß die Dichtung eine Dichtung aus massivem, elastischem Material ist oder daß die Dichtung eine mit Druckmittel auffüllbare Schlauchdichtung ist.In addition, a low pressure seal can be provided. This is done by facing a seal between each other End faces of the parts of the pressure housing reached. In concrete embodiment can be provided that in mutually facing end faces of the parts of the pressure housing now grooves are formed into which the seal intervenes. The low pressure seal can come in different Be trained. Either such that the seal is a seal made of solid, elastic material or that the seal is a fillable with pressure medium Hose seal is.

Eine weitere bevorzugte Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sieht vor, daß zwischen Ober- und Unterteil des Umformwerkzeugs ein Distanzring angeordnet ist, so daß ein Werkstück zwischen einem Teil des Werkzeugs und dem Distanzring einspannbar ist und ggf. ein weiteres Werkstück zwischen dem Distanzring und dem anderen Teil des Werkzeugs einspannbar ist. Durch einen solchen Distanzring wird erreicht, daß die Werkstücke auch in ihren werkzeugeingespannten Randbereichen in einer gewünschten Weise mechanisch verformt werden können und, soweit gleichzeitig zwei Werkstücke verformt werden, in ihren Randbereichen nicht in gleicher bzw. komplementärer Weise verformt werden müssen. Demgemäß ist in bevorzugter Weiterbildung vorgesehen, daß Ober- und Unterseite des Distanzringes zumindest teilweise nicht parallel zueinander verlaufen und/oder nicht eben ist. Desweiteren kann durch gezieltes Einbringen von Ziehsicken bzw. Absperrkanten zwischen Distanzring und den Werkzeugteilen der Werkstofffluß unterschiedlich zwischen oberem und unterem Werkstück gesteuert werden.A further preferred embodiment of the invention provides before that between the upper and lower part of the forming tool a spacer ring is arranged so that a workpiece between part of the tool and the spacer ring can be clamped and possibly another workpiece between the spacer ring and the other part of the tool can be clamped is. With such a spacer ring, that the workpieces are also clamped in their tools Edge areas mechanically in a desired manner can be deformed and, if two at the same time Workpieces are not deformed in their edge areas are deformed in the same or complementary manner have to. Accordingly, in a preferred further development, that the top and bottom of the spacer ring at least sometimes not parallel to each other and / or is not even. Furthermore, through targeted Insertion of beads or barrier edges between Spacer ring and the tool parts of the material flow different between upper and lower workpiece to be controlled.

In weiterer Ausbildung kann vorgesehen sein, daß der Distanzring einen Einfülleinlaß aufweist. Hierdurch wird erreicht, daß nicht zwischen unmittelbar aufeinander liegenden Blechzuschnitten ein Einlaß für die Druckflüssigkeit in den Zwischenraum zwischen den Blechzuschnitten vorgesehen sein muß, wobei die Blechzuschnitte in diesem Einlaßbereich in einer nicht ihrer Endform entsprechenden, sondern durch die Notwendigkeit des Einlasses bedingten Weise geformt sind. Bei einem Einlaß unmittelbar zwischen den Rändern von Blechzuschnitten - wie es beim Stand der Technik der Fall ist - ergeben sich auch gerade hier Dichtigkeitsprobleme. Diese Nachteile werden durch den im wesentlichen radial oder seitlich durch den Distanzring geführten Einlaß vermieden. Der Einlaß kann dabei entweder mit dem das Umformwerkzeug umgebenden Innenraum des Druckgehäuses direkt in Verbindung stehen oder aber es kann vorgesehen sein, daß der Einfülleinlaß des Distanzringes mit einem Einfülldurchlaß des Druckgehäuses bei geschlossenem Druckgehäuse und Werkzeug fluchtet, wobei insbesondere durch eine dichte Verbindung zwischen Einlaß des Distanzringes und Durchlaß des Druckgehäuses herstellende Buchse gekennzeichnet ist. Die die Verbindung zwischen Durchlaß im Druckgehäuse und Einlaß im Distanzring herstellende Buchse ist dabei vorzugsweise fest mit dem Distanzring verbunden oder einstückig an diesem ausgebildet und greift mit ihrem den Durchlaß des Gehäuses zugewandten Ende, der vorzugsweise als umlaufender Bund ausgebildet ist, in eine Ringnut des Gehäuses, die durch zwei halbkreisförmige Ringnuten im Ober- und Unterteil an den Grenzflächen der beiden Teile gebildet sein kann.In further training it can be provided that the Spacer ring has a filling inlet. This will achieved that not between immediately one another lying sheet metal blanks an inlet for the hydraulic fluid in the space between the sheet metal blanks must be provided, the sheet metal blanks in this Inlet area in a shape not corresponding to its final shape but due to the need for admission Are shaped. With an inlet immediately between the edges of sheet metal blanks - as is the case with the Technology is the case - arise here, too Leakage problems. These disadvantages are compounded by the essentially radially or laterally through the spacer ring guided entry avoided. The inlet can either with the interior of the pressure housing surrounding the forming tool communicate directly or else it can be provided that the filling inlet of the spacer ring with a filling passage of the pressure housing when closed Pressure housing and tool are aligned, in particular through a tight connection between the inlet of the Spacer ring and passage of the pressure housing Is marked. The connection between Passage in the pressure housing and inlet in the spacer ring The socket is preferably fixed to the Spacer ring connected or integrally formed on this and engages with her the passage of the housing End, which is preferably formed as a circumferential collar is in an annular groove of the housing by two semicircular ring grooves in the upper and lower part of the Interfaces of the two parts can be formed.

Eine weitere bevorzugte Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sieht einen sich erstreckenden, verschließbaren Entleerauslaß vor (durch die Wandung des Druckgehäuses). Weiterhin kann das Werkzeug unter Zwischenlage von Distanzplatten im Druckgehäuse angeordnet sein.A further preferred embodiment of the invention provides an extending, closable emptying outlet in front (through the wall of the pressure housing). Furthermore can the tool with spacer plates in between Pressure housing can be arranged.

Weitere Vorteile und Merkmale der Erfindung erheben sich aus den Ansprüchen und aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung, in der ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnung im einzelnen erläutert ist. Dabei zeigt:

Figur 1
ein vertikalen Schnitt durch die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung mit eingelegten Blechzuschnitten;
Figur 2
eine Aufsicht entsprechend II - II der Figur 1 auf die Unterteile der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung;
Figur 3
die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung in geöffnetem Zustand mit gestrichelt dargestellten Innenstrukturen;
Figur 4
eine Detaildarstellung der Hochdruckdichtung der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung;
Figur 5
eine Detaildarstellung des Einlasses für die Druckflüssigkeit in das Umformwerkzeug der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung;
Figur 6
eine Explosionsdarstellung der wesentlichen Teile der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung.
Further advantages and features of the invention arise from the claims and from the following description, in which an embodiment of the invention is explained in detail with reference to the drawing. It shows:
Figure 1
a vertical section through the device according to the invention with inserted sheet metal blanks;
Figure 2
a view corresponding to II - II of Figure 1 on the lower parts of the device according to the invention;
Figure 3
the device according to the invention in the open state with inner structures shown in dashed lines;
Figure 4
a detailed view of the high pressure seal of the device according to the invention;
Figure 5
a detailed view of the inlet for the pressure fluid in the forming tool of the device according to the invention;
Figure 6
an exploded view of the essential parts of the device according to the invention.

Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung 1 zum hydraulischen Umformen von Blechzuschnitten mittels Hochdruck weist ein Druckgehäuse 2 bestehend aus einem Gehäuseunterteil 3 und einem Gehäuseoberteil 4 auf. Zwischen Gehäuseunter- und Gehäuseoberteil 3 und 4 ist eine Niederdruckdichtung 6 aus einem umfangsmäßig geschlossenen Dichtring oder einem Dichtschlauch angeordnet, der in zwei geeignet ausgebildeten Nuten 7,7a von Werkzeugunter- und Oberteil 3,4 eingelegt ist. Bei der Ausbildung der Niederdruckdichtung 6 als Dichtschlauch kann dieser im Inneren mit einem Druckfluid beaufschlagt werden. The inventive device 1 for hydraulic Forming sheet metal blanks using High pressure has a pressure housing 2 consisting of a lower housing part 3 and an upper housing part 4 on. Between lower and upper housing parts 3 and 4 is a low pressure seal 6 made of one circumferentially closed sealing ring or a Sealing hose arranged which is suitable in two Trained grooves 7,7a of the lower and lower tool Upper part 3.4 is inserted. When training the Low-pressure seal 6 can be used as a sealing hose pressurized fluid inside.

Im dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel weist das Gehäuseunterteil 3 am Innenumfang im Bereich des dem Gehäuseoberteil 4 zugewandten Stirnfläche einen umlaufenden Absatz 8 auf. Mit diesem korrespondiert ein an der Unterseite des Werkzeugoberteiles 4 im Bereich der Innenwandung desselben ausgebildeter nach unten ragender Vorsprung 9, der relativ zur Gesamtstärke der Gehäuseteile 3,4 lediglich eine sehr geringe Stärke d aufweist. Der aussenseitig des Vorsprungs 8 zwischen diesem und dem Gehäuseunterteil 3 in der Figur 4 sichtbare Spalt muss lediglich Toleranzbreite haben, so daß beim vertikalen Zusammenfahren der beiden Gehäuseteile der Vorsprung 9 nicht beschädigt wird. Durch Absatz und Vorsprung 9 wird eine Hochdruckdichtung gebildet, da bei Hochdruckbeaufschlagung des zum Inneren des Gehäuses 2 gerichteten Wandbereiches 9a des Vorsprungs 9 dieser gegen die Innenabsatz 8 begrenzende Vertikalwandung des Gehäuseunterteils 3 dichtend angedrückt wird.In the illustrated embodiment, this Lower housing part 3 on the inner circumference in the area of the housing top 4 facing end face circumferential paragraph 8. Corresponds to this one on the underside of the upper tool part 4 in Area of the inner wall of the same trained downward projection 9 which is relative to the Total thickness of the housing parts 3.4 only one has very low strength d. The outside of the projection 8 between this and the lower housing part 3 must be visible in Figure 4 gap only have tolerance width, so that the vertical Moving the two housing parts together Projection 9 is not damaged. Through paragraph and Projection 9 a high pressure seal is formed, because when the high pressure is applied to the inside of the Housing 2 facing wall portion 9a of the projection 9 this against the inner paragraph 8 limiting Vertical wall of the lower housing part 3 is pressed tightly.

Das Gehäuseoberteil 4 weist Durchführungen 11 für Druckbolzen auf (Figur 1) bzw. Schnellbefüllungseinlässe für das Druckgehäuse. Weiterhin weist es einen Druckflüssigkeitseinlass 13 (Figuren 2,5) auf und ein oder mehrere Druckentlastungsauslässe 12 (Figur 1). Ersterer ist durch zwei korrespondierende halbkreisförmige Nuten in den aufeinander zubewegten Stirnflächen von Gehäuseunter- und Oberteil 3,4 geschaffen und bildet bei geschlossenem Gehäuse einen rohrförmigen Durchlaß. The upper housing part 4 has bushings 11 for Push pin on (Figure 1) or quick fill inlets for the pressure housing. Furthermore, it points a hydraulic fluid inlet 13 (Figures 2.5) and one or more pressure relief outlets 12 (Figure 1). The former is by two corresponding ones semicircular grooves in each other closed end faces of housing lower and Upper part 3.4 created and forms when closed Housing a tubular passage.

Das Innere des Druckgehäuses 2 kann durch dieses auch gegenüber äußerst hohem einwirkenden Druck zuverlässig abgedichtet werden. In diesem Inneren befindet sich das eigentliche Formwerkzeug 21 zum Umformen von Blechzuschnitten 22,23 wobei in der Figur 1 durch die gegenüber dem Blechzuschnitt 22 vergrößerte Stärke des Blechzuschnittes 23 und die Absätze in den Randbereichen desselben angedeutet ist, daß es sich beim Blechzuschnitt 23 um ein mehrlagiges oder SandwichBlech handelt, wobei die einzelnen Lagen zumindest partiell verschweißt sein können.The inside of the pressure housing 2 can through this also against extremely high pressure be reliably sealed. Inside that is the actual molding tool 21 for Forming sheet metal blanks 22,23 being in the Figure 1 by the compared to the sheet metal blank 22nd increased thickness of the sheet metal blank 23 and the Paragraphs in the marginal areas indicated is that the sheet metal blank 23 is a multilayer or sandwich sheet is concerned, the individual layers are at least partially welded can.

Das Werkzeug 21 besteht aus einem Werkzeugunterteil 24 mit einer Matrizenausbildung 24a und einem Werkzeugoberteil 26 mit einer Matrizenausbildung 26a, wobei die Matrizenausbildung jeweils die Form der durch die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung unter Hochdruckumformung umgeformten Blechzuschnitte bestimmen.The tool 21 consists of a lower tool part 24 with a die formation 24a and one Tool upper part 26 with a die formation 26a, the form of the matrix in each case the shape of the device according to the invention High pressure forming sheet metal blanks determine.

Bei der dargestellten Ausbildung der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung von Formen zweier Blechzuschnitte findet sich zwischen diesen ein Distanzring 27.In the illustrated embodiment of the invention Device of forms of two sheet metal blanks there is a spacer ring 27 between them.

Die an den Rändern der Blechzuschnitte 22,23 angreifenden Stirnseiten der Werkzeugteile 24 und 26 sowie der Distanzring 27 können grundsätzlich eben sein und sich ggf. senkrecht zu den einwirkenden Schließkräften (Pfeil D) erstrecken. Im dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel ist ersichtlich, daß die fraglichen Stirnseiten aber zum einen nicht senkrecht zu den einwirkenden mechanischen Kräften entsprechend dem Pfeil D ausgerichtet sein müssen, sondern hierzu eine Neigung aufweisen können und darüberhinaus selbst nicht eben ausgestaltet sein müssen, sondern gekrümmt ausgebildet sein können, so daß auch die zwischen den Werkzeugteilen 23,24 - und im dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel im Distanzring 27 erhaltenen Randbereiche der Blechzuschnitte 22, 23 in beliebiger Weise geformt werden können.The on the edges of the sheet metal blanks 22.23 attacking end faces of the tool parts 24 and 26 and the spacer ring 27 can in principle be flat and, if necessary, perpendicular to those acting Extend clamping forces (arrow D). in the illustrated embodiment is evident that on the one hand the end faces in question are not perpendicular to the mechanical forces acting must be aligned according to arrow D, but may have an inclination to this and moreover, not even be designed must, but can be curved, so that also between the tool parts 23,24 - And in the illustrated embodiment in Spacer ring 27 obtained edge areas of the sheet metal blanks 22, 23 can be shaped in any way can.

Auf der Oberseite des Werkzeugteils 26 können zwischen diesem und der horizontalen Innenwandung des Gehäuseoberteils Distanzelemente wie das Distanzelement 29 in Form von flachen Metallquadern angeordnet sein. Grundsätzlich können auch Distanzelemente auf dem Boden des Gehäuseunterteils 3 zwischen diesem und dem Werkzeugteil 24 einliegen.On the top of the tool part 26 can between this and the horizontal inner wall the upper part of the housing spacer elements such as the spacer element 29 in the form of flat metal cuboids be arranged. Basically, spacers can also be used on the bottom of the lower housing part 3 lie between this and the tool part 24.

Das Werkzeugoberteil 26 ist über Druckbolzen 31, die durch die Öffnungen 11 des Gehäuseoberteils 4 hindurchragen, mit einer ersten Presseneinrichtung (nicht dargestellt) verbunden. Das Werkzeugoberteil 4 ist mit einer zweiten Presseneinrichtung (ebenfalls nicht dargestellt) verbunden, die eine höhere Druckkraft aufbringen kann, als die das Werkzeug 21 beaufschlagende Presse.The upper tool part 26 is via pressure bolts 31, through the openings 11 of the upper housing part 4 protrude through with a first press device (not shown) connected. The upper part of the tool 4 is with a second press device (also not shown) connected, the higher one Can apply pressure than that the tool 21st press acting.

Zum Einbringen der Druck- oder Hydraulikflüssigkeit in das Innere des Werkzeugs 21 zwischen die beiden zu verformenden Blechzuschnitte 22,23 ist der Distanzring 27 mit einem Einfülldurchlass 32 als Befüllring ausgebildet (Figur 5). Der Einlaß 32 im Distanzring 27 fluchtet mit dem Durchlaß 13 im Gehäuse 2 und ist mit diesem über eine Buchse 33 verbunden, so daß der Hohlraum zwischen den Blechen 24,26 direkt mit der Hydraulikdruck-Befülleinrichtung (nicht dargestellt) verbunden ist und nicht über den seitlichen Zwischenraum 34 zwischen Werkzeug 21 und Gehäuse 2 - um ein Fließen der Blechzuschnitte 22,23 im randseitigen Einspannbereich zu ermöglichen - diese erfindungsgemäß nicht so stark eingespannt werden, daß ein druckdichter Verschluß des Werkzeuginneren zu dessen äußeren, dem Zwischenraum 34, bewirkt wird, kann beim dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel eine kontrollierte Druckdifferenz zwischen dem Hochdruckinneren, begrenzt durch zu verformende Blechzuschnitte und Distanzring sowie dem Zwischenraum 34, dargestellt werden, der über den Druckauslaß 12 beispielsweise mittels eines Ventils kontrolliert wird.For introducing the hydraulic or hydraulic fluid inside the tool 21 between the two to be deformed sheet metal blanks 22, 23 is the Spacer ring 27 with a filling passage 32 as Filling ring formed (Figure 5). The inlet 32 in Spacer ring 27 is aligned with the passage 13 in Housing 2 and is with this via a socket 33rd connected so that the cavity between the sheets 24.26 directly with the hydraulic pressure filling device (not shown) is connected and not across the side gap 34 between Tool 21 and housing 2 - to flow the Sheet metal blanks 22, 23 in the edge clamping area to enable - this according to the invention not be clamped so much that a pressure-tight Closure of the interior of the tool outer, the space 34, can be effected a controlled in the illustrated embodiment Pressure difference between the high pressure interior, limited by sheet metal blanks to be deformed and spacer ring and the intermediate space 34, are shown, the pressure outlet 12th checked for example by means of a valve becomes.

In alternativer Ausgestaltung können auch Durchlaß 13 und Einlaß 32 lediglich in den Zwischenraum 34 münden. In einem solchen Falle wird die Vorrichtung keinen Auslaß 12 aufweisen oder ein solcher wird während des Arbeitens der Vorrichtung verschlossen sein. In diesem Falle herrschen im Zwischenraum und im Inneren zwischen den zu verformenden Blechzuschnitten im wesentlichen die gleichen Druckverhältnisse.In an alternative embodiment, passage can also 13 and inlet 32 only in the intermediate space 34 lead. In such a case, the device have or do not have an outlet 12 locked during operation of the device his. In this case, there is in between and inside between the sheet metal blanks to be deformed essentially the same pressure ratios.

Das Umformen von Blechzuschnitten geschieht erfindungsgemäß in der folgenden Weise:The sheet metal blanks are formed according to the invention in the following way:

Zunächst befindet sich das Gehäuse 2 der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung 1 in einem geöffneten Zustand, wie er in den Figuren 3 und 6 entnehmbar ist. Zunächst wird der untere Blechzuschnitt 22 eingelegt. Anschließend wird der Distanzring 27, der sich hierbei mit einem vertikalen Abstand zum Werkzeugunterteil 24 befindet und wird gegen das Werkzeug 24 gefahren. Weiterhin wird dann ggf. der obere Blechzuschnitt 23 eingelegt. Das Werkzeug 21 wird dann geschlossen, indem das Werkzeugoberteil 26 nach unten verfahren wird. Hierbei erfolgt ggf. - bei der dargestellten Ausführungsform mit nicht ebenen und nicht zur Schließrichtung senkrechten Stirnseiten von Werkzeugen und Distanzring - ein mechanisches freies Umformen der Blechzuschnitte entsprechend der Konturen der Werkzeugteile und des Distanzringes.First, there is the housing 2 of the invention Device 1 in an open State as it can be seen in Figures 3 and 6 is. First, the lower sheet metal blank 22 inserted. Then the spacer ring 27 which is at a vertical distance from the Lower tool part 24 is located and is against Tool 24 driven. Furthermore, the upper sheet metal blank 23 inserted. The tool 21 is then closed by the tool upper part 26 is moved down. This is done if necessary - in the embodiment shown not level and not perpendicular to the closing direction End faces of tools and spacer ring - A mechanical free forming of the sheet metal blanks according to the contours of the tool parts and the spacer ring.

Mit dem Schließen des Werkzeuges 21 oder unmittelbar im Anschluß hieran wird das Gehäuse 2 geschlossen.With the closing of the tool 21 or immediately the housing 2 is then closed.

Anschließend erfolgt das Befüllen des Werkzeugs 21, genauer des Zwischenraums zwischen Blechzuschnitten 22,23 und Distanzring 27 mit dem Arbeitsmedium (Druckflüssigkeit). Auch die schlauchförmige Niederdruckdichtung wird mit Druck beaufschlagt, so daß sie ihre Funktion erfüllt.Then the tool 21 is filled, more precisely the space between sheet metal blanks 22,23 and spacer ring 27 with the working medium (Pressure fluid). Even the tubular low pressure seal is pressurized, so that it fulfills its function.

Die Niederhalterkraft wirkt auf die Ziehflansche der Blechzuschnitte 22,23 unabhängig von der Schließkraft des Gehäuses 2 und ist geringer als diese.The hold-down force acts on the drawing flanges the sheet metal blanks 22.23 regardless of the Closing force of the housing 2 and is less than this.

Im weiteren erfolgt der Druckaufbau im Umformbereich der Blechzuschnitte 22,23 nach der Überwindung der Streckgrenze beginnt der Umformvorgang und so lange die Blechzuschnitte 22,23 noch keinen Kontakt mit den Ziehmatrizen 24a,26a haben, stellt sich eine gleichmäßige Spannungsverteilung im Blech ein. Dabei ist der Werkstoffluss ggf. auch getrennt zwischen beiden Blechzuschnitten einstellbar, in dem er einerseits über Niederhalterkräfte gesteuert werden kann, andererseits auch Ziehsicken und/oder Absperrkanten, ggf. auch lokal, vorgesehen sein können, die je nach Geometrie des Blechformteils ausbildbar sind.Furthermore, the pressure builds up in the forming area the sheet metal blanks 22, 23 after the overcoming the yield point begins the forming process and as long as the sheet metal blanks 22, 23 still have none Have contact with the drawing dies 24a, 26a there is even stress distribution in the sheet on. The material flow may also be separated adjustable between both sheet metal cuts, in which he controlled via hold-down forces can be, on the other hand pull beads and / or Barrier edges, possibly also locally, may be provided can, depending on the geometry of the sheet metal part are trainable.

Über die Differenzdruckventile 30 im Distanzring 27 erfolgt eine kontrollierte Befüllung des Zwischenraums 34 wobei zunächst - mit dem Druckaufbau im Inneren des Werkzeugs - auch eine separate Befüllung des Zwischenraums 34 im Anfangstadium möglich ist. Da, wie gesagt, die Niederhaltekraft des Werkzeugs 21 immer kleiner ist als die Dichtkraft des Gehäuses 2, kann in geringem Umfange auch Arbeitsmedium über die Anlageflächen der Blechzuschnitte 22,23 in den Zwischenraum 34 gelangen, was durch den Schmiereffekt der Hydraulikflüssigkeit das Nachfließen des Werkstoffes der Blechzuschnitte begünstigt.Via the differential pressure valves 30 in the spacer ring 27 the gap is filled in a controlled manner 34 being initially - with the pressure build-up in Inside of the tool - also a separate filling of the gap 34 possible in the initial stage is. Since, as I said, the hold-down force of the Tool 21 is always less than the sealing force of the housing 2, can also be used to a small extent Working medium over the contact surfaces of the sheet metal blanks 22,23 get into the space 34, what by the lubricating effect of the hydraulic fluid the flow of the material of the sheet metal blanks favored.

Durch den Druckaufbau im Zwischenraum 34 wird, wie weiter oben gesagt, die durch Absatz 28 und Vorsprung 29 gebildete Hochdruckdichtung zunehmend wirksamer, da derartig der elastische Vorsprung 9 stärker gegen die Dichtfläche 8a gedrückt wird, was so die Dichtwirkung mit dem anliegenden Innendruck erhöht. Hierdurch wird die Niederdruckdichtung 6 entlastet.Due to the pressure build-up in the intermediate space 34, how said earlier by paragraph 28 and head start 29 high pressure seal formed increasingly more effective since such the elastic projection 9th is pressed more strongly against the sealing surface 8a, which so the sealing effect with the applied internal pressure elevated. As a result, the low pressure seal 6 relieved.

Im Endbereich des Druckaufbaus wird die Niederhaltekraft des Werkzeugs 21 nicht mehr über die Stößel 31 von der diese beaufschlagenden Presseneinrichtung bewirkt: Bei dem erhöhten Druckaufbau und wenn die Blechzuschnitte an dem Matrizenausformungen 24, 26 anliegen, werden vielmehr die Werkzeugteile 24, 26 aufgrund des hohen Innendruckes gegen die Gehäuseteile 3, 4 gedrückt, so daß der End- oder Kalibrierdruck der maximalen Zuhaltekraft der Vorrichtung entspricht, welche vom Gehäuse 1 über die im dargestellten Ausführungsbereich über die Distanzplatte 29 auf das Werkzeug 21 übertragen wird. Hierbei werden die Werkzeugteile 24,26, wenn auch minimalst, voneinander abgehoben, so daß sie in ihren Randbereichen die Blechzuschnitte 22,23 nicht mehr festhalten. Aber zu diesem Zeitpunkt ist der Nachfließvorgang abgeschlossen. In einer weiteren Ausbaustufe der Vorichtung kann durch entsprechende Dimensionierung von Gehäuse, Distanzplatten und Werkzeugteilen bzw. durch einen vertikalen Längenausgleich das Abheben der Werkzeugteile vermindert werden, falls es der Umformprozeß erfordert.The hold-down force is in the end area of the pressure build-up of the tool 21 no longer via the plunger 31 of the press device acting on it causes: With the increased pressure build-up and if the sheet metal blanks on the die formations 24, 26, the tool parts 24, 26 due to the high internal pressure against the housing parts 3, 4 pressed so that the final or calibration pressure the maximum locking force of the device corresponds to which of the housing 1 on the in shown execution area on the spacer plate 29 is transferred to the tool 21. Here, the tool parts 24, 26, albeit minimally, apart from each other, so that they in the sheet metal blanks 22, 23 not in their edge regions hold on more. But at this point, it is Post-flow process completed. In another Extension level of the device can be adjusted by appropriate Dimensioning of housing, spacer plates and Tool parts or by a vertical length compensation the lifting of the tool parts is reduced if the forming process requires it.

Nach dem so durchgeführten Kalibrieren erfolgt ein Druckabbau ggf. durch Öffnen von Ventilen. Die Dichtungen werden entlastet. Anschließend wird das Gehäuse 2 geöffnet, wobei eine Entleerung des Zwischenraums 34 von der Druckflüssigkeit erfolgt. Gleichzeitig oder anschließend wird das Werkzeug 21 geöffnet, wobei ebenfalls eine Entleerung des Umformbereiches bewirkt wird. Die beiden Blechteile können unter Verfahren oder Verschwenken des Distanzringes entfernt werden. Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung ist zu einer erneuten Befüllung für weitere Umformvorgänge bereit. After the calibration has been carried out in this way, a Reduce pressure if necessary by opening valves. The Seals are relieved. Then that will Housing 2 opened, emptying the Intermediate space 34 takes place from the hydraulic fluid. Simultaneously or subsequently, the tool 21 opened, also emptying the Forming area is effected. The two sheet metal parts can move or swivel the spacer ring be removed. The invention Device is to be refilled for further forming operations ready.

BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

11
Vorrichtungcontraption
22
Druckgehäusepressure housing
33
GehäuseunterteilHousing bottom
44
GehäuseoberteilHousing top
5 65 6
Dichtungpoetry
7, 7a7, 7a
Nutengroove
88th
Absatzparagraph
99
Vorsprunghead Start
9a9a
Wandbereichwall area
10 1110 11
Durchführungenbushings
1212
EntleerauslaßEntleerauslaß
1313
EinfülldurchlassEinfülldurchlass
14 15 16 17 18 19 20 2114 15 16 17 18 19 20 21
Formwerkzeugmold
22, 2322, 23
Blechzuschnittesheet metal blanks
2424
WerkzeugunterteilTool part
24a24a
ZiehmatrizenDrawing dies
25 2625 26
WerkzeugoberteilUpper die
26a26a
ZiehmatrizenDrawing dies
26a26a
Matrizenausbildungstencil-
2727
Distanzringspacer
2828
Absatzparagraph
2929
Distanzelement spacer
3030
DifferenzdruckventileDifferential pressure valves
3131
Druckbolzenpushpin
3232
EinfülldurchlaßEinfülldurchlaß
3333
BuchseRifle
3434
Zwischenraumgap

Claims (19)

  1. Method for shaping at least one workpiece under fluid high pressure by means of a shaping mould with an upper part and a lower part, the workpiece initially being held in marginally fixed manner on pressure build-up, characterized in that in the final phase of shaping to the desired final shape of the workpiece (calibration), the marginal area of the workpiece is freed.
  2. Method according to claim 1, where two workpieces are jointly shaped on impact with fluid high pressure in opposite directions, characterized in that both workpieces are initially marginally braced, accompanied by the interposing of a spacer.
  3. Device for shaping at least one workpiece under fluid high pressure by means of a shaping mould having an upper part and a lower part fixing the workpiece in marginal areas whilst allowing a material flow, characterized in that the shaping mould (21) is surrounded by a pressure casing (2) separated therefrom and that one part (lower part 3) of the pressure casing (2) is provided on the inside with a circumferential recess (8) and that another part (upper part 4) of the pressure casing (2) has a projection (9) of limited thickness engaging in the recess (8).
  4. Device according to claim 3, characterized by a seal between facing end faces of parts (3, 4) of the pressure casing (2).
  5. Device according to claim 4, characterized in that grooves (7, 7a) are formed in facing end faces of parts (3, 4) of pressure casing (2) and the seal (6) engages therein.
  6. Device according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the seal (6) is made from solid, elastic material.
  7. Device according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the seal (6) is a hose seal fillable with a pressure medium.
  8. Device for high pressure shaping according to one of the claims 3 to 7, characterized in that between the upper and lower parts (24, 26) of the shaping mould (21) is provided a spacer ring (27), so that a workpiece can be fixed between one part (24 or 26) of the mould (21) and the spacer ring (27) and optionally a further workpiece can be fixed between the spacer ring (27) and the other part (26 or 24) of the mould (21).
  9. Device according to claim 8, characterized in that the spacer ring (27) has a filling inlet (32).
  10. Device according to claim 9, characterized in that the filling inlet (320 of the spacer ring (27) is aligned with a filling passage (13) of the pressure casing (2), when the latter is closed, and the mould (21).
  11. Device according to claim 10, characterized by a bush (33) producing a tight connection between inlet (32) of spacer ring (27) and passage (13) of pressure casing (2).
  12. Device according to one of the claims 8 to 11, characterized in that the top and bottom of the spacer ring (27) are at least in part not parallel to one another and/or are not planar.
  13. Device according to one of the claims 3 to 12, characterized by a closable emptying outlet (12) extending through the wall of the pressure casing (2) and which is functionally also usable as an additional filling device for the pressure casing.
  14. Device according to one of the claims 3 to 13, characterized in that, accompanied by the interposing of spacer plates (29), the mould (21) is located in the pressure casing (2).
  15. Device according to one of the claims 3 to 14, characterized in that drive mechanisms for moving mould parts (mould upper part 26, optionally spacer plate 29) on the one hand and casing parts (casing upper part 4) are separate from one another.
  16. Device according to one of the claims 5 to 14, characterized in that by means of the drive mechanisms for the mould upper part and drawing beads on the spacer ring, it is also possible to bring about a different material flow between the upper and lower workpiece on both sides.
  17. Device according to claim 15 or 16, characterized in that the drive mechanism (pressing device) for the casing (2) has a higher closing force than the drive mechanism for the mould (21).
  18. Device according to one of the claims 3 to 17, characterized in that the closing force of the mould (21) is adjustable.
  19. Device according to one of the claims 3 to 17, characterized in that there is a small vertical clearance when the mould is closed, optionally including spacer rings and plates, together with workpieces within the pressure casing (2).
EP99123764A 1998-12-03 1999-11-30 Process and device for hydraulic shaping workpieces Expired - Lifetime EP1005930B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19855753 1998-12-03
DE19855753A DE19855753A1 (en) 1998-12-03 1998-12-03 Method and device for the hydraulic forming of workpieces

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1005930A1 EP1005930A1 (en) 2000-06-07
EP1005930B1 true EP1005930B1 (en) 2003-10-01

Family

ID=7889822

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99123764A Expired - Lifetime EP1005930B1 (en) 1998-12-03 1999-11-30 Process and device for hydraulic shaping workpieces

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US6354124B1 (en)
EP (1) EP1005930B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE250993T1 (en)
DE (2) DE19855753A1 (en)
DK (1) DK1005930T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2207105T3 (en)
PT (1) PT1005930E (en)

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US7744122B2 (en) * 1995-12-12 2010-06-29 Automotive Technologies International, Inc. Driver side aspirated airbags
DE10028804A1 (en) * 2000-06-15 2001-12-20 Schuler Smg Gmbh & Co Kg Hydro-forming of sheet with forming press halts punch once to raise medium pressure and then re-set with sheetholder force reduced during punch movement.
DE10152114A1 (en) * 2001-10-23 2003-04-30 Dorst Masch & Anlagen Press arrangement, in particular for pressing ceramic compacts
US6694790B2 (en) * 2002-04-17 2004-02-24 General Motors Corporation Mid plate process and equipment for the superplastic forming of parts from plural sheets
RU2467819C1 (en) * 2011-03-30 2012-11-27 Открытое акционерное общество "Завод Старт" Hydraulic punch for making flanged bottoms
CN105149410B (en) * 2015-09-10 2018-03-27 鼎艺科技股份有限公司 The high-pressure molding system of sheet metal
CN109570379B (en) * 2018-12-27 2024-05-14 广东永强奥林宝国际消防汽车有限公司 Stamping die for tank body seal head and stamping process for tank body seal head
CN110238260A (en) * 2019-05-17 2019-09-17 长沙理工大学 A kind of sheet metal multistage cylinder drawing and forming device and technique

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DE1279616B (en) * 1963-03-07 1968-10-10 Siemens Elektrogeraete Gmbh Device for hydraulic deep drawing
JPS59232629A (en) * 1983-06-17 1984-12-27 Toyota Motor Corp Method and device for forming under liquid pressure
JPH03230822A (en) * 1990-02-02 1991-10-14 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Method for sealing gas pressure in forming using dies
JPH0515931A (en) * 1991-02-19 1993-01-26 Honda Motor Co Ltd Molding method for metallic molding and metallic molding
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US5277045A (en) * 1992-05-08 1994-01-11 Rockwell International Corp. Superplastic forming of metals at temperatures greater than 1000 degree C
DE4417460B4 (en) * 1994-05-19 2006-08-24 Kleiner, Matthias, Priv.-Doz. Dr.-Ing. Method and device for the production of sheet metal parts by drawing or deep drawing from blanks
DE4434799A1 (en) * 1994-09-29 1996-04-04 Smg Sueddeutsche Maschinenbau Method and device for forming sheet metal
US6052887A (en) * 1996-09-16 2000-04-25 Tower Automotive Apparatus and method for joining sheet metal layers
DE19732413B4 (en) * 1997-07-28 2005-03-24 Forschungsgesellschaft Umformtechnik Mbh Method and device for the combined hydro-forming of sheet metal

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2207105T3 (en) 2004-05-16
DE19855753A1 (en) 2000-06-08
DE59907183D1 (en) 2003-11-06
DK1005930T3 (en) 2004-02-09
EP1005930A1 (en) 2000-06-07
PT1005930E (en) 2004-02-27
US6354124B1 (en) 2002-03-12
ATE250993T1 (en) 2003-10-15

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