EP1002992A1 - Brenner - Google Patents
Brenner Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1002992A1 EP1002992A1 EP98811144A EP98811144A EP1002992A1 EP 1002992 A1 EP1002992 A1 EP 1002992A1 EP 98811144 A EP98811144 A EP 98811144A EP 98811144 A EP98811144 A EP 98811144A EP 1002992 A1 EP1002992 A1 EP 1002992A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- burner
- nozzles
- flow
- air
- angle
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C7/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply
- F23C7/002—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply the air being submitted to a rotary or spinning motion
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for combustion apparatus using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in air; Combustion processes therefor
- F23C2900/07002—Premix burners with air inlet slots obtained between offset curved wall surfaces, e.g. double cone burners
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D2210/00—Noise abatement
Definitions
- the invention relates to a burner for operating a unit for generating a Hot gas.
- the cooling air flowing into the combustion chamber has a sound-absorbing effect and thus contributes to damping thermoacoustic vibrations.
- an increasing proportion of the air is passed through the burners themselves in modern gas turbines and the cooling air flow is reduced.
- the problems mentioned at the outset occur increasingly in modern combustion chambers.
- One way of soundproofing is to connect Helmholtz dampers in the combustion chamber hood or in the area of the cooling air supply. In tight Space, as is typical for modern, compact combustion chambers such dampers can be difficult to accommodate and is associated with great design effort.
- thermoacoustic vibrations through active acoustic excitation.
- the one that develops in the area of the burner Scher für acoustically excited With a suitable phase position between the Thereby, damping of thermoacoustic vibrations and excitation can be achieved of the combustion chamber vibrations.
- damping of thermoacoustic vibrations and excitation can be achieved of the combustion chamber vibrations.
- such a solution requires the installation of additional elements in the combustion chamber.
- the modulation of the fuel mass flow is also suitable.
- Fuel out of phase with measured signals in the combustion chamber e.g. the pressure
- Fuel out of phase with measured signals in the combustion chamber e.g. the pressure
- injected into the burner so that at a pressure minimum additional heat is released. This causes the amplitude of the pressure vibrations reduced.
- the invention as characterized in the claims is the task of creating a device that is effective Suppression of thermoacoustic vibrations possible and with as possible low design effort. This object is achieved according to the invention solved by the burner according to claim 1.
- Coherent structures play a crucial role in mixing processes between air and fuel.
- the spatial and temporal dynamics of these structures affects combustion and heat release.
- the invention is now the Based on the idea of disturbing the formation of coherent vortex structures the periodic heat release fluctuation and thus the amplitude of the reduce thermoacoustic fluctuations.
- a burner according to the invention for operating a unit for generating a Hot gas consists essentially of at least two hollow, in the direction of flow nested partial bodies, the center axes of which are offset from one another run in such a way that adjacent walls of the partial body tangential Air inlet ducts for the inflow of combustion air into one of the part bodies form predetermined interior.
- the burner has at least one fuel nozzle on.
- the inside shows a plurality of the burner outlet along the circumference of the burner outlet of nozzles for introducing axial eddy strength into the flow, the nozzles arranged to inject air at an angle to the direction of flow are.
- the invention is therefore based on the idea of forming coherent vortex structures by introducing vortex strength in the axial direction.
- the vortex strength is thereby according to the invention introduced that through a plurality of nozzles air at an angle to the direction of flow is injected. These nozzles are as close as possible to the burner outlet appropriate to be able to develop their effect as fully as possible.
- the relative position of the direction of flow and direction of air injection can be completely described by two angles ⁇ , ⁇ (FIGS. 2, 3).
- cp provides the angle between the direction of air injection and a plane perpendicular to the direction of flow, a the angle between the direction of air injection and the direction pointing radially to the central axis.
- the nozzles are so advantageous arranged that ⁇ between - 45 ° and + 45 °, preferably between -20 ° and + 20 °, is particularly preferably about 0 °.
- ⁇ is advantageously between - 45 ° and + 45 °, preferably between -20 ° and + 20 °, particularly preferably at about 0 °.
- ⁇ and ⁇ each about 0 ° the injection the air therefore takes place in a plane perpendicular to the direction of flow radially to the central axis inside.
- the cross section of the nozzles is arbitrary, but an elliptical one is preferred, in particular a circular cross section.
- the nozzles along the The circumference of the burner outlet is arranged not only in one but in several rows his.
- the flow instabilities in the burner mostly have a dominant mode.
- the damping of this dominant mode is a priority for the suppression of thermoacoustic vibrations.
- the relevant frequencies are between a few 10 Hz and a few kHz.
- the convection speed depends on the burner and is typically a few 10 m / s, for example 30 m / s.
- the dominant fashion suppresses particularly effectively when the distances s of adjacent nozzles along the circumference of the Burner outlet less than or equal to half the wavelength of the dominant Are fashion, so s.
- a particularly effective suppression was also found, if the largest diameter D of the nozzles is greater than about a quarter of the boundary layer thickness ⁇ is in the area of the nozzles.
- the largest is in the case of elliptical nozzles Diameter twice the large semi-axis, in the case of circular nozzles double Radius.
- the boundary layer thickness is about 1 mm for a typical burner.
- the largest diameter D is the Nozzles is less than about a fifth of the distance s between adjacent nozzles. Even though a significant suppression of thermoacoustic vibrations the fulfillment of one of the three conditions mentioned, one particularly fulfills preferred embodiment all condition at the same time.
- the boundary conditions such as the existing air mass flow or the Available space may require the distances and the However, the diameter of the nozzles can also be adapted to these boundary conditions.
- Figure 1 shows a burner according to the invention, which consists of two half hollow conical bodies 1, 2, which are arranged offset to one another.
- the partial cone bodies 1, 2 have cylindrical starting parts 9, 10 which have a fuel nozzle 11 contain through which liquid fuel 12 is injected.
- the burner has a collar-shaped, as anchoring for the Partial cone body 1, 2 serving front plate 18 with a number of holes 19, through which, if necessary, dilution air or cooling air 20 the front part of the Combustion chamber or its wall can be supplied.
- the fuel injection can be an air-assisted nozzle or one Act nozzle working according to the pressure atomization principle.
- the conical spray pattern is enclosed by the combustion air flows 7 flowing in tangentially.
- the concentration of the injected fuel 12 is in the direction of flow 30 continuously degraded by the combustion air streams 7.
- Becomes a gaseous Fuel 16 introduced in the region of the tangential air inlet ducts 5, 6 begins the mixture formation with the combustion air 7 already in this area.
- the optimal homogeneous fuel concentration achieved across the cross-section.
- the ignition of the fuel / combustion air mixture begins at the top of the backflow zone 24. Only at this point can a stable flame front 25 arise.
- FIG. 4 shows an exemplary embodiment of a burner according to the invention, where ⁇ and ⁇ are each about 0 °. The flow direction from the In FIG. 4, nozzles 32, which are not shown in FIG radially inwards.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Pressure-Spray And Ultrasonic-Wave- Spray Burners (AREA)
- Pre-Mixing And Non-Premixing Gas Burner (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- Fig. 1
- ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Brenners in perspektivischer Darstellung entsprechend aufgeschnitten;
- Fig. 2
- eine schematische Seitenansicht eines erfindungsgemäßen Brenners aus Richtung II-II von Fig. 1;
- Fig. 3
- eine schematische Vorderansicht eines erfindungsgemäßen Brenners aus Richtung III-III von Fig. 2;
- Fig. 4
- eine Vorderansicht eines Ausführungsbeispiels eines erfindungsgemäßen Brenners;
- 1,2
- Teilkegelkörper
- 5,6
- Lufteintrittskanal
- 7
- Verbrennungsluft
- 8
- Innenraum
- 9,10
- zylindrische Anfangsteile
- 11
- Brennstoffdüse
- 12
- flüssiger Brennstoff
- 13,14
- Brennstoffleitung
- 15
- Öffnungen
- 16
- gasförmiger Brennstoff
- 17
- Brennraum
- 18
- Frontplatte
- 19
- Bohrungen
- 20
- Kühlluft
- 24
- Rückströmzone
- 25
- Flammenfront
- 30
- Strömungsrichtung
- 32
- Öffnungen für Störluft
- 34
- Störluft
Claims (7)
- Brenner zum Betrieb eines Aggregats zur Erzeugung eines Heißgases, wobei der Brenner im wesentlichen aus mindestens zwei hohlen, in Strömungsrichtung (30) ineinandergeschachtelten Teilkörpern (1, 2) besteht, deren Mittelachsen zueinander versetzt verlaufen, dergestalt, daß benachbarte Wandungen der Teilkörper (1, 2) tangentiale Lufteintrittskanäle (5, 6) für die Einströmung von Verbrennungsluft (7) in einen von den Teilkörpern (1, 2) vorgegebenen Innenraum (8) bilden,
und wobei der Brenner zumindest eine Brennstoffdüse (11) aufweist,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
zur Kontrolle von Strömungsinstabilitäten im Brenner die Innenseite des Brenneraustritts (17) entlang des Umfangs des Brenneraustritts (17) eine Mehrzahl von Düsen (32) zum Einbringen axialer Wirbelstärke in die Strömung aufweist, wobei die Düsen (32) zur Eindüsung von Luft (34) unter einem Winkel zur Strömungsrichtung (30) angeordnet sind. - Brenner nach Anspruch 1,
bei dem der Querschnitt der Düsen (32) elliptisch, bevorzugt kreisförmig ist. - Brenner nach einem der vorigen Ansprüche,
bei dem der Winkel zwischen der Strömungsrichtung (30) und der Eindüsungsrichtung der Luft (34) durch Winkel (ϕ, α) gegeben ist, wobei ϕ den Winkel zwischen der Eindüsungsrichtung der Luft (34) und einer Ebene senkrecht zur Strömungsrichtung darstellt, α den Winkel zwischen der Eindüsungsrichtung der Luft (34) und der radial zur jeweiligen Mittelachse nach innen weisenden Richtung darstellt, und die Düsen (32) so angeordnet sind, daßϕ zwischen - 45° und + 45°, bevorzugt zwischen -20° und + 20°, besonders bevorzugt bei etwa 0° liegt, undα zwischen - 45° und + 45°, bevorzugt zwischen -20° und + 20°, besonders bevorzugt bei etwa 0° liegt. - Brenner nach einem der vorigen Ansprüche,
bei dem die Düsen (32) entlang des Umfangs des Brenneraustritts (17) in mehreren Reihen angeordnet sind. - Brenner nach einem der vorigen Ansprüche,
bei dem die Strömungsinstabilitäten eine dominante Mode aufweisen und die Abstände s benachbarter Düsen (32) entlang des Umfangs des Brenneraustritts (17) kleiner oder etwa gleich der halben Wellenlänge der dominanten Mode sind. - Brenner nach einem der vorigen Ansprüche,
bei dem der größte Durchmesser D der Düsen (32) größer als etwa ein Viertel der Grenzschichtdicke δ im Bereich der Düsen (32) ist. - Brenner nach einem der vorigen Ansprüche,
bei dem der größte Durchmesser D der Düsen (32) kleiner als etwa ein Fünftel des Abstands s benachbarter Düsen (32) ist.
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE59812039T DE59812039D1 (de) | 1998-11-18 | 1998-11-18 | Brenner |
EP98811144A EP1002992B1 (de) | 1998-11-18 | 1998-11-18 | Brenner |
US09/438,588 US6183240B1 (en) | 1998-11-18 | 1999-11-12 | Burner |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP98811144A EP1002992B1 (de) | 1998-11-18 | 1998-11-18 | Brenner |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1002992A1 true EP1002992A1 (de) | 2000-05-24 |
EP1002992B1 EP1002992B1 (de) | 2004-09-29 |
Family
ID=8236442
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP98811144A Expired - Lifetime EP1002992B1 (de) | 1998-11-18 | 1998-11-18 | Brenner |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6183240B1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1002992B1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE59812039D1 (de) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1217295A2 (de) | 2000-12-23 | 2002-06-26 | ALSTOM Power N.V. | Brenner zur Erzeugung eines Heissgases |
AU776725B2 (en) * | 2000-08-04 | 2004-09-16 | Mitsubishi Hitachi Power Systems, Ltd. | Solid fuel burner and combustion method using solid fuel burner |
US7871262B2 (en) * | 2004-11-30 | 2011-01-18 | Alstom Technology Ltd. | Method and device for burning hydrogen in a premix burner |
Families Citing this family (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6886342B2 (en) | 2002-12-17 | 2005-05-03 | Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. | Vortex fuel nozzle to reduce noise levels and improve mixing |
WO2004065763A2 (en) * | 2003-01-22 | 2004-08-05 | Vast Power Systems Inc. | Thermodynamic cycles using thermal diluent |
US8631657B2 (en) * | 2003-01-22 | 2014-01-21 | Vast Power Portfolio, Llc | Thermodynamic cycles with thermal diluent |
US20050056313A1 (en) * | 2003-09-12 | 2005-03-17 | Hagen David L. | Method and apparatus for mixing fluids |
EP1828684A1 (de) * | 2004-12-23 | 2007-09-05 | Alstom Technology Ltd | Vormischbrenner mit mischstrecke |
US8622737B2 (en) | 2008-07-16 | 2014-01-07 | Robert S. Babington | Perforated flame tube for a liquid fuel burner |
KR101990767B1 (ko) | 2017-08-09 | 2019-06-20 | 한국기계연구원 | 이중 원추형 가스터빈용 버너 및 이 버너에 공기를 공급하는 방법 |
US11555612B2 (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2023-01-17 | Babcock Power Services, Inc. | Dual fuel direct ignition burners |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3879939A (en) * | 1973-04-18 | 1975-04-29 | United Aircraft Corp | Combustion inlet diffuser employing boundary layer flow straightening vanes |
US4257224A (en) * | 1977-07-28 | 1981-03-24 | Remot University Authority For Applied Research & Industrial Develop. Ltd. | Method and apparatus for controlling the mixing of two fluids |
US5169302A (en) * | 1989-12-22 | 1992-12-08 | Asea Brown Boveri Ltd. | Burner |
US5375995A (en) * | 1993-02-12 | 1994-12-27 | Abb Research Ltd. | Burner for operating an internal combustion engine, a combustion chamber of a gas turbine group or firing installation |
EP0866268A1 (de) * | 1997-03-18 | 1998-09-23 | Abb Research Ltd. | Verfahren zum Betrieb eines drallstabilisierten Brenners sowie Brenner zur Durchführung des Verfahrens |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5129726A (de) * | 1974-09-06 | 1976-03-13 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | |
DE4309115A1 (de) * | 1993-03-23 | 1994-09-29 | Viessmann Werke Kg | Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Ölverdampfungsbrenners |
DE19654116A1 (de) * | 1996-12-23 | 1998-06-25 | Abb Research Ltd | Brenner zum Betrieb einer Brennkammer mit einem flüssigen und/oder gasförmigen Brennstoff |
-
1998
- 1998-11-18 EP EP98811144A patent/EP1002992B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-11-18 DE DE59812039T patent/DE59812039D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1999
- 1999-11-12 US US09/438,588 patent/US6183240B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3879939A (en) * | 1973-04-18 | 1975-04-29 | United Aircraft Corp | Combustion inlet diffuser employing boundary layer flow straightening vanes |
US4257224A (en) * | 1977-07-28 | 1981-03-24 | Remot University Authority For Applied Research & Industrial Develop. Ltd. | Method and apparatus for controlling the mixing of two fluids |
US5169302A (en) * | 1989-12-22 | 1992-12-08 | Asea Brown Boveri Ltd. | Burner |
US5375995A (en) * | 1993-02-12 | 1994-12-27 | Abb Research Ltd. | Burner for operating an internal combustion engine, a combustion chamber of a gas turbine group or firing installation |
EP0866268A1 (de) * | 1997-03-18 | 1998-09-23 | Abb Research Ltd. | Verfahren zum Betrieb eines drallstabilisierten Brenners sowie Brenner zur Durchführung des Verfahrens |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AU776725B2 (en) * | 2000-08-04 | 2004-09-16 | Mitsubishi Hitachi Power Systems, Ltd. | Solid fuel burner and combustion method using solid fuel burner |
EP1217295A2 (de) | 2000-12-23 | 2002-06-26 | ALSTOM Power N.V. | Brenner zur Erzeugung eines Heissgases |
EP1217295A3 (de) * | 2000-12-23 | 2002-11-20 | ALSTOM (Switzerland) Ltd | Brenner zur Erzeugung eines Heissgases |
US6773257B2 (en) | 2000-12-23 | 2004-08-10 | Alstom Technology Ltd | Burner for the production of a hot gas |
US7871262B2 (en) * | 2004-11-30 | 2011-01-18 | Alstom Technology Ltd. | Method and device for burning hydrogen in a premix burner |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US6183240B1 (en) | 2001-02-06 |
EP1002992B1 (de) | 2004-09-29 |
DE59812039D1 (de) | 2004-11-04 |
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