EP0999349B1 - Axial turbine - Google Patents

Axial turbine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0999349B1
EP0999349B1 EP99810971A EP99810971A EP0999349B1 EP 0999349 B1 EP0999349 B1 EP 0999349B1 EP 99810971 A EP99810971 A EP 99810971A EP 99810971 A EP99810971 A EP 99810971A EP 0999349 B1 EP0999349 B1 EP 0999349B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cover
blades
outer ring
blade
ring
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP99810971A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0999349A2 (en
EP0999349A3 (en
Inventor
Bent Phillipsen
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Accelleron Industries AG
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ABB Turbo Systems AG
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01DNON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D9/00Stators
    • F01D9/02Nozzles; Nozzle boxes; Stator blades; Guide conduits, e.g. individual nozzles
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01DNON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01DNON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/12Blades
    • F01D5/14Form or construction
    • F01D5/141Shape, i.e. outer, aerodynamic form
    • F01D5/145Means for influencing boundary layers or secondary circulations
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01DNON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/12Blades
    • F01D5/14Form or construction
    • F01D5/20Specially-shaped blade tips to seal space between tips and stator

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an axial turbine according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Essential components of the axial turbines of turbomachines are the Rotor with the blades, the nozzle ring and the cover for the blades. Due to unavoidable manufacturing and assembly tolerances arise in the flow channel such axial turbines small discontinuities, which is a reduction the efficiency result.
  • the mostly cast nozzle ring which is arranged between the stationary housing parts and the rotating blades of an axial turbine.
  • EP 806 548 A1 a solution for simple and secure attachment of the nozzle ring is known.
  • the nozzle ring lies with its outer ring on the cover and with its inner ring on the gas inlet housing.
  • an axial and between the outer ring and the gas outlet housing a radial expansion gap is formed.
  • the blades are arranged in a stepped manner to the guide vanes combined in the nozzle ring and have a positive overlap, ie in the region of the rotor blades, the inner contour of the cover is arranged radially further outside than in the area of the guide vanes, similar to what is disclosed in US Pat. Nos. 2,849,209 and 4,006,345.
  • a configuration has the disadvantage during disassembly that the axial turbine can only be moved in the opposite direction to the nozzle ring and not in both directions.
  • the invention seeks to avoid all these disadvantages. It is the object of the invention to provide an axial turbine with improved efficiency. In addition, the assembly and disassembly options are to be expanded. According to the invention, this is achieved in that, in a device according to the preamble of claim 1, the parting line from the outer ring of the nozzle ring to the cover blade side of an extending through half the gap width of the axial gap, imaginary plane, located immediately upstream of the blades.
  • the outer ring of the nozzle ring is extended in the direction of the blades, so that the flow channel over almost the entire gap width of the axial gap has no discontinuity.
  • an improvement of the flow conditions and the efficiency of the axial turbine can be achieved.
  • the inner contour of the cover is arranged radially outside the inner contour of the outer ring. In this case, a step is created with a so-called positive blade overlap, which reduces overflow of the blades in the upstream region and in combination with the significantly reduced discontinuity can lead to a disproportionate increase in efficiency.
  • each blade which is equipped with a pressure side, a suction side and with a blade tip
  • a bracket projecting beyond the blade profile at least on the pressure side is arranged on the blade tip.
  • a similar construction has the sheet in GB 1491556, and further, however, for fixing, the sheet in US 3532437. Due to the forming in the region of the console vortex, the efficiency-detrimental overflow of the blade tip can be significantly reduced.
  • FIG. 1 The illustrated in Fig. 1 as the prior art axial turbine of an exhaust gas turbocharger has one of a gas inlet and a gas outlet housing 1, 2 formed Turbine housing 3, which by means of fasteners designed as screws 4 is held together.
  • Turbine housing 3 In the turbine housing 3 is one of a Shaft 5 supported rotor 6 with blades 7 arranged.
  • the rotor 6 is bounded on the outside by a diffuser designed as a cover 8, which in turn via a flange 9 and by means of screws 10 on the gas outlet housing 2 is attached.
  • a flow channel 11 formed, which the exhaust gases of a, not shown, with the diesel engine connected to the exhaust gas turbocharger receives and to the blades 7 of the rotor 6 forwards.
  • another internal combustion engine be connected to the exhaust gas turbocharger.
  • a casting nozzle ring 15 Upstream of the blades 7 is in the flow channel 11 a from an outer ring 12, an inner ring 13 and a number of guide vanes formed therebetween 14 existing and designed as a casting nozzle ring 15 is arranged.
  • the latter is clamped axially between the cover 8 and the gas inlet housing 1 and arranged radially inside the gas outlet housing 2. It lies to that the nozzle ring 15 with its outer ring 12 on the cover 8 and with his Inner ring 13 on the gas inlet housing 1 at.
  • the inner ring 13 is by means of several formed as pins Positionierlementen 16 against rotation on the gas inlet housing 1 supported.
  • a parting line 17 is formed (Fig. 1).
  • the nozzle ring 15 also from other materials, such as sheet metal or steel profiles be made or made of ceramic.
  • FIG. 2 shows an enlarged detail of FIG. 1, which shows a first Embodiment of the invention shows.
  • an axial gap 18 with a gap width 19.
  • the parting line 17 of the outer ring 12 of the nozzle ring 15 and the cover 8 is the bucket side one through half the gap width 19 of the axial gap 18 extending imaginary plane 20 arranged. Shown is a advantageous arrangement, arranged with a directly upstream of the blades 7 Parting line 17.
  • the nozzle ring 15 has the task of the exhaust gases optimally to the To guide blades 7 of the rotor 6.
  • the thus driven rotor 6 provides in turn for driving the associated with him, not shown compressor.
  • the compressed air in the compressor becomes charged, i. to increase performance used the diesel engine.
  • both the cover 8 of the blades 7 and the outer ring 12 of the nozzle ring 15 an inner contour 21, 22, wherein the inner contour 21 of the cover 8 radially outside the inner contour 22 of the outer ring 12 is arranged (Fig. 3).
  • the Axial turbine despite the use of such an advantageous blade cover, be removed on both sides after removing the nozzle ring 15, which so far was not possible.
  • a blade profile 23 of the blade 7 is shown in Fig. 3, which a pressure side 24, a suction side 25 and a blade tip 26 has.
  • a blade profile 23 both pressure and suction side superior console 27 and the console 27 in the direction of the cover. 8 superior ridge 28 arranged (Fig. 4).
  • the bridge reduces 28 possible Gap losses formed in between the blades 7 and the cover 8 Radial gap 29.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
  • Supercharger (AREA)
  • Control Of Turbines (AREA)

Description

Technisches GebietTechnical area

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Axialturbine gemäss dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to an axial turbine according to the preamble of claim 1.

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Wesentliche Komponenten der Axialturbinen von Strömungsmaschinen sind der Rotor mit den Laufschaufeln, der Düsenring und die Abdeckung für die Laufschaufeln. Durch unvermeidliche Fertigungs- und Montagetoleranzen entstehen im Strömungskanal solcher Axialturbinen kleine Unstetigkeiten, welche eine Reduktion des Wirkungsgrades zur Folge haben.Essential components of the axial turbines of turbomachines are the Rotor with the blades, the nozzle ring and the cover for the blades. Due to unavoidable manufacturing and assembly tolerances arise in the flow channel such axial turbines small discontinuities, which is a reduction the efficiency result.

Aus der EP 806 547 A1 ist eine Axialturbine eines Abgasturboladers bekannt, welche beim Betrieb der mit ihr verbundenen Brennkraftmaschine relativ hohen Temperaturen ausgesetzt ist. Somit entstehen in den turbinenseitigen Bauteilen, wie z.B. dem Gaseintrittgehäuse, dem Düsenring, der Abdeckung und dem Gasaustrittgehäuse grosse thermische Spannungen. Da jedes dieser Bauteile einen anderen Abstand zur Brennkraftmaschine besitzt und zudem unterschiedliche Materialien verwendet werden, differieren die Bauteiltemperaturen entsprechend. Die Folge sind unterschiedliche Wärmedehnungen mit Relativbewegungen zwischen den einzelnen Komponenten, welche zu Schraubenbrüchen, Gasleckagen und Bauteilrissen führen können. Deshalb spielt die Ausbildung und Anordnung der Trennstellen von Gaseintrittgehäuse, Gasaustrittgehäuse, Düsenring und Abdeckung eine wesentliche Rolle für die Funktionsfähigkeit der Axialturbine und damit des Abgasturboladers. From EP 806 547 A1 an axial turbine of an exhaust gas turbocharger is known, which during operation of the associated with her internal combustion engine relatively high temperatures is exposed. Thus arise in the turbine-side components, such as e.g. the gas inlet housing, the nozzle ring, the cover and the gas outlet housing high thermal stresses. Because each of these components has a different one Distance to the internal combustion engine has and also different materials used, the component temperatures differ accordingly. The episode are different thermal expansions with relative movements between the individual components resulting in screw breaks, gas leaks and component cracks being able to lead. Therefore plays the training and arrangement of the separation points gas inlet housing, gas outlet housing, nozzle ring and cover an essential role for the functionality of the axial turbine and thus the Exhaust gas turbocharger.

Besonders kritisch hinsichtlich Wärmedehnungen ist der zumeist gegossene Düsenring, welcher zwischen den feststehenden Gehäuseteilen und den rotierenden Laufschaufeln einer Axialturbine angeordnet ist. Mit der EP 806 548 A1 ist eine Lösung zur einfachen und sicheren Befestigung des Düsenrings bekannt. Dazu liegt der Düsenring mit seinem Aussenring an der Abdeckung und mit seinem Innenring am Gaseintrittgehäuse an. Zwischen dem Aussenring und dem Gaseintrittgehäuse ist ein axialer sowie zwischen dem Aussenring und dem Gasaustrittgehäuse ein radialer Dehnungsspalt ausgebildet.
Es hat sich jedoch gezeigt, dass insbesondere auch bei Unstetigkeiten im Übergangsbereich vom Aussenring des Düsenrings zur Abdeckung, welche neben den bereits oben beschriebenen Fertigungs- und Montagetoleranzen auch Wärmedehnungen als Ursache haben, mit einer entsprechenden Verschlechterung des Wirkungsgrades zu rechnen ist.
Aus Dejc & Trojanovskij "Untersuchung und Berechnung axialer Turbinenstufen", VEB Verlag Technik, Berlin, 1973, S. 452 (Bild 7.32, II) ist zudem eine Vorrichtung zur Reduktion der durch das Radialspiel der Turbinenschaufeln hervorgerufenen Spaltverluste bekannt. Dazu werden die Laufschaufeln gestuft zu den im Düsenring zusammengefassten Leitschaufeln angeordnet und weisen eine positive Überdeckung auf, d.h. im Bereich der Laufschaufeln ist die Innenkontur der Abdeckung radial weiter ausserhalb als im Bereich der Leitschaufelnder angeordnet ähnlich wie auch in US 2849209 und US 4063845 offenbart. Eine solche Konfiguration hat jedoch bei der Demontage den Nachteil, dass die Axialturbine lediglich entgegengesetzt zum Düsenring und nicht in beide Richtungen verschoben werden kann.
Particularly critical with respect to thermal expansions is the mostly cast nozzle ring, which is arranged between the stationary housing parts and the rotating blades of an axial turbine. With EP 806 548 A1 a solution for simple and secure attachment of the nozzle ring is known. For this purpose, the nozzle ring lies with its outer ring on the cover and with its inner ring on the gas inlet housing. Between the outer ring and the gas inlet housing, an axial and between the outer ring and the gas outlet housing a radial expansion gap is formed.
However, it has been found that in particular in the case of discontinuities in the transition region from the outer ring of the nozzle ring to the cover, which, in addition to the manufacturing and assembly tolerances described above, also cause thermal expansions, a corresponding deterioration of the efficiency is to be expected.
From Dejc & Trojanovskij "Investigation and calculation of axial turbine stages", VEB Verlag Technik, Berlin, 1973, p. 452 (Figure 7.32, II) is also a device for reducing the caused by the radial clearance of the turbine blades gap losses known. For this purpose, the blades are arranged in a stepped manner to the guide vanes combined in the nozzle ring and have a positive overlap, ie in the region of the rotor blades, the inner contour of the cover is arranged radially further outside than in the area of the guide vanes, similar to what is disclosed in US Pat. Nos. 2,849,209 and 4,006,345. However, such a configuration has the disadvantage during disassembly that the axial turbine can only be moved in the opposite direction to the nozzle ring and not in both directions.

Darstellung der ErfindungPresentation of the invention

Die Erfindung versucht alle diese Nachteile zu vermeiden. Ihr liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Axialturbine mit einem verbesserten Wirkungsgrad zu schaffen. Zudem sollen die Montage- bzw. Demontagemöglichkeiten erweitert werden.
Erfindungsgemäss wird dies dadurch erreicht, dass bei einer Vorrichtung gemäss dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1, die Trennfuge vom Aussenring des Düsenringes zur Abdeckung laufschaufelseitig einer durch die halbe Spaltweite des Axialspaltes verlaufenden, gedachten Ebene, unmittelbar stromauf der Laufschaufeln angeordnet ist.
The invention seeks to avoid all these disadvantages. It is the object of the invention to provide an axial turbine with improved efficiency. In addition, the assembly and disassembly options are to be expanded.
According to the invention, this is achieved in that, in a device according to the preamble of claim 1, the parting line from the outer ring of the nozzle ring to the cover blade side of an extending through half the gap width of the axial gap, imaginary plane, located immediately upstream of the blades.

Dadurch wird der Aussenring des Düsenringes in Richtung der Laufschaufeln verlängert, so dass der Strömungskanal über nahezu die gesamte Spaltweite des Axialspaltes keinerlei Unstetigkeit aufweist. Damit kann eine Verbesserung der Strömungsverhältnisse und des Wirkungsgrades der Axialturbine erzielt werden.
Es ist besonders zweckmässig, wenn zudem die Innenkontur der Abdeckung radial ausserhalb der Innenkontur des Aussenringes angeordnet ist. In diesem Fall entsteht eine Stufe mit einer sogenannten positiven Schaufelüberdeckung, welche ein Überströmen der Laufschaufeln in deren stromaufwärtigen Bereich verringert und in Kombination mit der deutlich reduzierten Unstetigkeit zu einer überproportionalen Steigerung des Wirkungsgrades führen kann.
Infolge der Anordnung der Trennfuge von Aussenring und Abdeckung unmittelbar stromauf der Laufschaufeln ist im Bereich der Leitschaufeln keine Überdeckung der Laufschaufeln durch die Abdeckung nach radial innen erforderlich. Diese Überdeckung und damit die Erzeugung der erforderlichen Stufe wird nunmehr vom Aussenring des Düsenringes übernommen, welcher seinerseits die Innenkontur der Abdeckung der Laufschaufeln nach radial innen überragt. Trotz Verwendung einer solchen vorteilhaften Schaufelüberdeckung kann die Axialturbine daher nach Entfernen des Düsenringes beidseitig demontiert werden, was bisher nicht möglich war.
Ferner ist es vorteilhaft, wenn das mit einer Druckseite, einer Saugseite und mit einer Schaufelspitze ausgestattete Schaufelprofil jeder Laufschaufel derart ausgebildet ist, dass an der Schaufelspitze eine das Schaufelprofil zumindest druckseitig überragende Konsole angeordnet ist. Eine ähnliche konstruktion weist das Blatt in GB 1491556 auf, und weiterhin, allerdings zur fixierung, das Blatt in US 3532437. Durch die sich im Bereich der Konsole ausbildenden Wirbel kann das dem Wirkungsgrad abträgliche Überströmen der Schaufelspitze deutlich verringert werden.
Characterized the outer ring of the nozzle ring is extended in the direction of the blades, so that the flow channel over almost the entire gap width of the axial gap has no discontinuity. Thus, an improvement of the flow conditions and the efficiency of the axial turbine can be achieved.
It is particularly expedient if, moreover, the inner contour of the cover is arranged radially outside the inner contour of the outer ring. In this case, a step is created with a so-called positive blade overlap, which reduces overflow of the blades in the upstream region and in combination with the significantly reduced discontinuity can lead to a disproportionate increase in efficiency.
As a result of the arrangement of the parting line of the outer ring and cover immediately upstream of the blades no overlap of the blades by the cover is required radially inward in the region of the vanes. This overlap and thus the generation of the required level is now taken over by the outer ring of the nozzle ring, which in turn projects beyond the inner contour of the cover of the blades radially inward. Despite the use of such advantageous blade coverage, the axial turbine can therefore be dismantled on both sides after removing the nozzle ring, which was not previously possible.
Furthermore, it is advantageous if the blade profile of each blade, which is equipped with a pressure side, a suction side and with a blade tip, is designed in such a way that a bracket projecting beyond the blade profile at least on the pressure side is arranged on the blade tip. A similar construction has the sheet in GB 1491556, and further, however, for fixing, the sheet in US 3532437. Due to the forming in the region of the console vortex, the efficiency-detrimental overflow of the blade tip can be significantly reduced.

Schliesslich ist an der Schaufelspitze mit Vorteil ein die Konsole in Richtung der Abdeckung überragender Steg angeordnet. Dieser Steg verringert die Spaltverluste im zwischen den Laufschaufeln und der Abdeckung ausgebildeten Radialspalt.Finally, at the blade tip with advantage the console in the direction of Cover protruding bridge arranged. This web reduces the gap losses formed in between the blades and the cover radial gap.

Kurze Beschreibung der ZeichnungShort description of the drawing

In der Zeichnung ist ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung anhand der Axialturbine eines Abgasturboladers dargestellt. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
einen Teillängsschnitt einer Axialturbine des Standes der Technik;
Fig. 2
einen vergrösserten Ausschnitt aus Fig. 1, mit der erfindungsgemässen Ausbildung des Düsenringes;
Fig. 3
eine Darstellung gemäss Fig. 2, jedoch in einem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel;
Fig. 4
einen Schnitt durch eine Laufschaufel entlang der Linie IV-IV in Fig. 3.
In the drawing, an embodiment of the invention with reference to the axial turbine of an exhaust gas turbocharger is shown. Show it:
Fig. 1
a partial longitudinal section of an axial turbine of the prior art;
Fig. 2
an enlarged detail of Figure 1, with the inventive design of the nozzle ring.
Fig. 3
a representation according to FIG 2, but in a second embodiment.
Fig. 4
a section through a blade along the line IV-IV in Fig. 3rd

Es sind nur die für das Verständnis der Erfindung wesentlichen Elemente gezeigt. Nicht dargestellt sind beispielsweise die Verdichterseite des Abgasturboladers sowie die Verbindung zur Brennkraftmaschine. Die Strömungsrichtung der Arbeitsmittel ist mit Pfeilen bezeichnet.Only the elements essential to the understanding of the invention are shown. Not shown, for example, the compressor side of the exhaust gas turbocharger and the connection to the internal combustion engine. The flow direction of the working fluid is marked with arrows.

Weg zur Ausführung der ErfindungWay to carry out the invention

Die in Fig. 1 als Stand der Technik dargestellte Axialturbine eines Abgasturboladers weist ein von einem Gaseintritt- und einem Gasaustrittgehäuse 1, 2 gebildetes Turbinengehäuse 3 auf, welches mittels als Schrauben ausgebildeter Verbindungselemente 4 zusammengehalten wird. Im Turbinengehäuse 3 ist ein von einer Welle 5 getragener Rotor 6 mit Laufschaufeln 7 angeordnet. Der Rotor 6 wird nach aussen von einer als Diffusor ausgebildeten Abdeckung 8 begrenzt, welche ihrerseits über einen Flansch 9 und mittels Schrauben 10 am Gasaustrittgehäuse 2 befestigt ist. Zwischen dem Rotor 6 und dem Turbinengehäuse 3 ist ein Strömungskanal 11 ausgebildet, welcher die Abgase eines nicht dargestellten, mit dem Abgasturbolader verbundenen Dieselmotors aufnimmt und zu den Laufschaufeln 7 des Rotors 6 weiterleitet. Natürlich kann auch eine andere Brennkraftmaschine mit dem Abgasturbolader verbunden sein.The illustrated in Fig. 1 as the prior art axial turbine of an exhaust gas turbocharger has one of a gas inlet and a gas outlet housing 1, 2 formed Turbine housing 3, which by means of fasteners designed as screws 4 is held together. In the turbine housing 3 is one of a Shaft 5 supported rotor 6 with blades 7 arranged. The rotor 6 is bounded on the outside by a diffuser designed as a cover 8, which in turn via a flange 9 and by means of screws 10 on the gas outlet housing 2 is attached. Between the rotor 6 and the turbine housing 3 is a flow channel 11 formed, which the exhaust gases of a, not shown, with the diesel engine connected to the exhaust gas turbocharger receives and to the blades 7 of the rotor 6 forwards. Of course, also another internal combustion engine be connected to the exhaust gas turbocharger.

Stromauf der Laufschaufeln 7 ist im Strömungskanal 11 ein aus einem Aussenring 12, einem Innenring 13 sowie einer Anzahl dazwischen ausgebildeter Leitschaufeln 14 bestehender und als Gussteil ausgebildeter Düsenring 15 angeordnet. Letzterer ist axial zwischen der Abdeckung 8 und dem Gaseintrittgehäuse 1 verspannt sowie radial innerhalb des Gasaustrittgehäuses 2 angeordnet. Dazu liegt der Düsenring 15 mit seinem Aussenring 12 an der Abdeckung 8 und mit seinem Innenring 13 am Gaseintrittgehäuse 1 an. Der Innenring 13 ist mittels mehreren als Stifte ausgebildeten Positionierlementen 16 verdrehsicher am Gaseintrittgehäuse 1 abgestützt. Zwischen dem Aussenring 12 des Düsenrings 15 und der Abdeckung 8 ist eine Trennfuge 17 ausgebildet (Fig. 1). Natürlich kann der Düsenring 15 auch aus anderen Materialien, wie beispielsweise aus Blech- oder Stahlprofilen gefertigt werden oder aus Keramik bestehen.Upstream of the blades 7 is in the flow channel 11 a from an outer ring 12, an inner ring 13 and a number of guide vanes formed therebetween 14 existing and designed as a casting nozzle ring 15 is arranged. The latter is clamped axially between the cover 8 and the gas inlet housing 1 and arranged radially inside the gas outlet housing 2. It lies to that the nozzle ring 15 with its outer ring 12 on the cover 8 and with his Inner ring 13 on the gas inlet housing 1 at. The inner ring 13 is by means of several formed as pins Positionierlementen 16 against rotation on the gas inlet housing 1 supported. Between the outer ring 12 of the nozzle ring 15 and the Cover 8 is a parting line 17 is formed (Fig. 1). Of course, the nozzle ring 15 also from other materials, such as sheet metal or steel profiles be made or made of ceramic.

In Fig. 2 ist ein vergrösserter Ausschnitt von Fig. 1 dargestellt, welcher ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung zeigt. Zwischen den Laufschaufeln 7 und den Leitschaufeln 14 der Axialturbine ist ein Axialspalt 18 mit einer Spaltweite 19 ausgebildet. Die Trennfuge 17 des Aussenringes 12 des Düsenringes 15 und der Abdeckung 8 ist laufschaufelseitig einer durch die halbe Spaltweite 19 des Axialspaltes 18 verlaufenden, gedachten Ebene 20 angeordnet. Dargestellt ist eine vorteilhafte Anordnung, mit einer unmittelbar stromauf der Laufschaufeln 7 angeordneten Trennfuge 17.FIG. 2 shows an enlarged detail of FIG. 1, which shows a first Embodiment of the invention shows. Between the blades 7 and the Guide vanes 14 of the axial turbine is formed an axial gap 18 with a gap width 19. The parting line 17 of the outer ring 12 of the nozzle ring 15 and the cover 8 is the bucket side one through half the gap width 19 of the axial gap 18 extending imaginary plane 20 arranged. Shown is a advantageous arrangement, arranged with a directly upstream of the blades 7 Parting line 17.

Beim Betrieb des Dieselmotors gelangen dessen heisse Abgase über das Gaseintrittgehäuse 1 bzw. den darin angeordneten Strömungskanal 11 zum Rotor 6 der Axialturbine. Dabei hat der Düsenring 15 die Aufgabe, die Abgase optimal auf die Laufschaufeln 7 des Rotors 6 zu leiten. Der somit angetriebene Rotor 6 sorgt seinerseits für den Antrieb des mit ihm verbundenen, nicht dargestellten Verdichters. Die im Verdichter komprimierte Luft wird zur Aufladung, d.h. zur Leistungssteigerung des Dieselmotors eingesetzt. During operation of the diesel engine reach the hot exhaust gases via the gas inlet housing 1 and the flow channel 11 arranged therein to the rotor 6 of the Axial turbine. In this case, the nozzle ring 15 has the task of the exhaust gases optimally to the To guide blades 7 of the rotor 6. The thus driven rotor 6 provides in turn for driving the associated with him, not shown compressor. The compressed air in the compressor becomes charged, i. to increase performance used the diesel engine.

Durch die erfindungsgemässe Anordnung der Trennfuge 17 unmittelbar stromauf der Laufschaufeln 7 und den dazu entsprechend verlängerten Aussenring 12, werden die auf Fertigungs- und Montagetoleranzen zurückzuführenden Unstetigkeiten nahezu im gesamten Bereich des Axialspaltes 18 deutlich reduziert. Deshalb können die in die Axialturbine einströmenden Abgase weitgehend ungestört über den Düsenring 15 zu den Laufschaufeln 7 gelangen, was letztlich eine Erhöhung des Wirkungsgrades zur Folge hat.Due to the inventive arrangement of the parting line 17 immediately upstream the blades 7 and the correspondingly extended outer ring 12, become the discontinuities due to manufacturing and assembly tolerances significantly reduced almost in the entire region of the axial gap 18. Therefore can the exhaust gases flowing into the axial turbine largely undisturbed get over the nozzle ring 15 to the blades 7, which ultimately an increase the efficiency has the consequence.

In einem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel weisen sowohl die Abdeckung 8 der Laufschaufeln 7 als auch der Aussenring 12 des Düsenringes 15 eine Innenkontur 21, 22 auf, wobei die Innenkontur 21 der Abdeckung 8 radial ausserhalb der Innenkontur 22 des Aussenringes 12 angeordnet ist (Fig. 3). Dadurch entsteht eine Stufe mit einer sogenannten positiven Schaufelüberdeckung, welche das Überströmen der Laufschaufeln 7 in deren stromaufwärtigen Bereich verringert. Die aus dem Stand der Technik bekannte, im Bereich der Leitschaufeln 14 nach radial innen erfolgende Überdeckung der Laufschaufeln 7 durch die Abdeckung 8 wird nunmehr vom Aussenring 12 des Düsenringes 15 übernommen. Daher kann die Axialturbine, trotz Verwendung einer solchen vorteilhaften Schaufelüberdeckung, nach Entfernen des Düsenringes 15 beidseitig demontiert werden, was bisher nicht möglich war.In a second embodiment, both the cover 8 of the blades 7 and the outer ring 12 of the nozzle ring 15 an inner contour 21, 22, wherein the inner contour 21 of the cover 8 radially outside the inner contour 22 of the outer ring 12 is arranged (Fig. 3). This creates a step with a so-called positive blade cover, which is the overflow the blades 7 reduced in the upstream region. From known in the art, in the region of the guide vanes 14 radially inside overlapping of the blades 7 through the cover 8 is now taken over by the outer ring 12 of the nozzle ring 15. Therefore, the Axial turbine, despite the use of such an advantageous blade cover, be removed on both sides after removing the nozzle ring 15, which so far was not possible.

Weiterhin ist in Fig. 3 ein Schaufelprofil 23 der Laufschaufel 7 dargestellt, welches eine Druckseite 24, eine Saugseite 25 und eine Schaufelspitze 26 aufweist. An der Schaufelspitze 26 sind eine das Schaufelprofil 23 sowohl druck- als auch saugseitig überragende Konsole 27 und ein die Konsole 27 in Richtung der Abdeckung 8 überragender Steg 28 angeordnet (Fig. 4).Furthermore, a blade profile 23 of the blade 7 is shown in Fig. 3, which a pressure side 24, a suction side 25 and a blade tip 26 has. At the Blade tip 26 is a blade profile 23 both pressure and suction side superior console 27 and the console 27 in the direction of the cover. 8 superior ridge 28 arranged (Fig. 4).

Durch die Konsole 27 wird das dem Wirkungsgrad abträgliche Überströmen der Schaufelspitze 26 deutlich verringert. Zudem verringert der Steg 28 eventuelle Spaltverluste im zwischen den Laufschaufeln 7 und der Abdeckung 8 ausgebildeten Radialspalt 29. Through the console 27 is the detrimental to the efficiency overflow of the Blade tip 26 significantly reduced. In addition, the bridge reduces 28 possible Gap losses formed in between the blades 7 and the cover 8 Radial gap 29.

BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

11
GaseintrittgehäuseGas inlet casing
22
GasaustrittgehäuseGas outlet casing
33
Turbinengehäuseturbine housing
44
Verbindungselement, SchraubeConnecting element, screw
55
Wellewave
66
Rotorrotor
77
Laufschaufelblade
88th
Abdeckung, DiffusorCover, diffuser
99
Flanschflange
1010
Schraubescrew
1111
Strömungskanalflow channel
1212
Aussenringouter ring
1313
Innenringinner ring
1414
Leitschaufelvane
1515
Düsenringnozzle ring
1616
Positionierlement, StiftPositioning element, pen
1717
Trennfugeparting line
1818
Axialspaltaxial gap
1919
Spaltweitegap width
2020
Ebene, in halber SpaltweiteLevel, in half the gap
2121
Innenkontur, von 8Inner contour, from 8
2222
Innenkontur, von 12Inner contour, from 12
2323
Schaufelprofilblade profile
2424
Druckseitepressure side
2525
Saugseitesuction
2626
Schaufelspitzeblade tip
2727
Konsoleconsole
2828
Stegweb
2929
Radialspaltradial gap

Claims (1)

  1. Axial-flow turbine comprising a rotor (6) carrying a number of moving blades (7), a nozzle ring (15) arranged upstream of the moving blades (7) and consisting of an outer ring (12), an inner ring (13) and a number of guide blades (14) arranged in between, an axial gap (18) formed between the moving blades (7) and the guide blades (14) and having a gap width (19), and a cover (8) defining the moving blades (7) to the outside, a parting seam (17) being formed between the outer ring (12) of the nozzle ring (15) and the cover (8), the parting seam (17) between outer ring (12) and cover (8) being arranged on the moving-blade side of an imaginary plane (20) passing through the centre of the gap width (19) of the axial gap (18), the parting seam (17) between outer ring (12) and cover (8) being arranged directly upstream of the moving blades (7), and that both the cover (8) and the outer ring (12) having an inner contour (21, 22), the inner contour (21) of the cover (8) being arranged radially outside the inner contour (22) of the outer ring (12), so that a step having a positive blade overlap exists directly upstream of the moving blades (7), characterized in that each moving blade (7) has a blade profile (23) having a pressure side (24), a suction side (25) and a blade tip (26), a bracket (27) projecting beyond the blade profile (23) at least on the pressure side being arranged on the blade tip (26), and a web (28) projecting beyond the bracket (27) in the direction of the cover (8) is arranged on the blade tip (26).
EP99810971A 1998-11-04 1999-10-27 Axial turbine Expired - Lifetime EP0999349B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19850732 1998-11-04
DE19850732A DE19850732A1 (en) 1998-11-04 1998-11-04 Axial turbine

Publications (3)

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EP0999349A2 EP0999349A2 (en) 2000-05-10
EP0999349A3 EP0999349A3 (en) 2002-03-13
EP0999349B1 true EP0999349B1 (en) 2005-05-11

Family

ID=7886598

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99810971A Expired - Lifetime EP0999349B1 (en) 1998-11-04 1999-10-27 Axial turbine

Country Status (7)

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US (1) US6318961B1 (en)
EP (1) EP0999349B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2000145407A (en)
KR (1) KR100656721B1 (en)
CN (2) CN1144935C (en)
DE (2) DE19850732A1 (en)
TW (1) TW460656B (en)

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US7270519B2 (en) * 2002-11-12 2007-09-18 General Electric Company Methods and apparatus for reducing flow across compressor airfoil tips
US6779979B1 (en) * 2003-04-23 2004-08-24 General Electric Company Methods and apparatus for structurally supporting airfoil tips
US7547187B2 (en) 2005-03-31 2009-06-16 Hitachi, Ltd. Axial turbine
US7596949B2 (en) * 2006-02-23 2009-10-06 General Electric Company Method and apparatus for heat shielding gas turbine engines
EP3168429B1 (en) * 2009-01-20 2018-03-07 Williams International Co., L.L.C. Turbine nozzle cartridge for use with a turbocharger core
DE102009045167A1 (en) * 2009-09-30 2011-04-07 Man Diesel & Turbo Se Turbine i.e. axial turbine, for use in exhaust-gas turbocharger to turbocharge large diesel engine, has diffuser divided into two segments in circumferential direction, where side of each segment is extended in radial direction
US8926270B2 (en) * 2010-12-17 2015-01-06 General Electric Company Low-ductility turbine shroud flowpath and mounting arrangement therefor
DE102011080596A1 (en) * 2011-08-08 2013-02-14 Abb Turbo Systems Ag Arrangement for conducting an exhaust gas in an exhaust gas flowed axially
EP2795067B1 (en) * 2011-12-20 2019-03-13 GKN Aerospace Sweden AB Method for manufacturing of a gas turbine engine component
US10087764B2 (en) 2012-03-08 2018-10-02 Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. Airfoil for gas turbine engine
EP2781695A1 (en) * 2013-03-22 2014-09-24 ABB Turbo Systems AG Nozzle for an exhaust gas turbine
CN108590778B (en) * 2018-01-15 2020-09-04 重庆江增船舶重工有限公司 Axial-flow type organic working medium turboexpander
DE102018212334B4 (en) * 2018-07-24 2024-04-11 Vitesco Technologies GmbH Exhaust turbocharger with turbine wheel with winglets
CN115585055A (en) * 2022-11-04 2023-01-10 重庆金皇后新能源汽车制造有限公司 Afterburning macrocyclic converter, transmission system and car

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
KR100656721B1 (en) 2006-12-15
KR20000035199A (en) 2000-06-26
EP0999349A2 (en) 2000-05-10
TW460656B (en) 2001-10-21
EP0999349A3 (en) 2002-03-13
CN1253230A (en) 2000-05-17
CN1144935C (en) 2004-04-07
DE59912034D1 (en) 2005-06-16
US6318961B1 (en) 2001-11-20
JP2000145407A (en) 2000-05-26
DE19850732A1 (en) 2000-05-11
CN2403896Y (en) 2000-11-01

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