EP0991961A1 - Element separateur de faisceaux servant a diviser un faisceau lumineux et dispositif pour mesurer un champ magnetique fluctuant de fa on periodique, au moyen dudit element - Google Patents

Element separateur de faisceaux servant a diviser un faisceau lumineux et dispositif pour mesurer un champ magnetique fluctuant de fa on periodique, au moyen dudit element

Info

Publication number
EP0991961A1
EP0991961A1 EP98934746A EP98934746A EP0991961A1 EP 0991961 A1 EP0991961 A1 EP 0991961A1 EP 98934746 A EP98934746 A EP 98934746A EP 98934746 A EP98934746 A EP 98934746A EP 0991961 A1 EP0991961 A1 EP 0991961A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
light beam
beam splitter
angle
incidence
splitter body
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP98934746A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Michael Willsch
Thomas Bosselmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP0991961A1 publication Critical patent/EP0991961A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/10—Beam splitting or combining systems
    • G02B27/14—Beam splitting or combining systems operating by reflection only
    • G02B27/144—Beam splitting or combining systems operating by reflection only using partially transparent surfaces without spectral selectivity
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
    • G01R33/02—Measuring direction or magnitude of magnetic fields or magnetic flux
    • G01R33/032—Measuring direction or magnitude of magnetic fields or magnetic flux using magneto-optic devices, e.g. Faraday or Cotton-Mouton effect
    • G01R33/0322—Measuring direction or magnitude of magnetic fields or magnetic flux using magneto-optic devices, e.g. Faraday or Cotton-Mouton effect using the Faraday or Voigt effect
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/04—Prisms

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a beam splitter body for splitting a light beam according to the preamble of claim 1 and an arrangement for measuring a periodically fluctuating magnetic field according to the preamble of claim 4.
  • Beam splitter bodies of the type mentioned are generally known.
  • the most common example is a beam splitter cube, in which a dielectric or hybrid layer defining the partially transparent surface is arranged between two prisms which are transparent to the light beam and which together form a cube.
  • the partially transparent surface of this beam splitter cube extends from one side edge to a diagonally opposite side edge of the cube.
  • a refractive surface through which the light beam enters the beam splitter cube is provided by a side surface of the cube which borders on one of these two edges and forms an angle of 45 ° with the partially transparent surface.
  • the light beam to be split strikes this refracting surface vertically, so that it enters the cube uninterrupted and strikes the partially transparent surface at an angle of 45 °. That reflected on the partially permeable surface
  • Partial beam of the incoming light beam is reflected at an angle of 90 ° to the incoming light beam and strikes a side surface of the cube from which it emerges uninterrupted.
  • the transmitted partial beam of the incoming light beam also strikes a side face of the cube from which it emerges vertically.
  • Such a beam splitter cube is advantageous, for example, in such known arrangements for measuring a periodically fluctuating magnetic field according to the preamble of claim 4, in which the polarized light beam that has passed through the sensor device in one direction again passes through the sensor device in the opposite direction and then on the beam splitter for splitting, because when the beam splitter is designed in the form of the beam splitter cube, this beam splitter can be used bidirectionally, ie both the light beam guided to the sensor device and the light beam returning from the sensor device can pass through the beam splitter.
  • the degree of reflection at an oblique angle of incidence of 45 ° of the polarized light beam with respect to the partially transparent surface from the polarization is due to the physical laws of reflection dependent.
  • the angle of incidence can be zero, i.e. the light beam can hit the partially permeable surface perpendicularly. This is the most favorable case in terms of polarization neutrality and temperature insensitivity.
  • the beam splitter body is preferably arranged in the light beam in such a way that the angle of incidence of the light beam with respect to the partially transparent surface is less than 22.5 ° (claim 2).
  • the partially permeable surface is preferably arranged obliquely at an angle to the refractive surface through which the light beam enters the body, this angle being largely arbitrary. If this angle is chosen to be sufficiently smaller than 45 °, the light beam can strike the refracting surface perpendicularly, so that it enters the body uninterrupted.
  • the partially permeable surface and the refractive surface can also be parallel to one another.
  • the light beam can hit the refractive surface perpendicularly if the partial beam of the supplied light beam reflected on the partially transparent surface does not have to be separated from it. Otherwise, the light beam must strike the surface to be broken at an oblique angle of incidence.
  • the partially permeable surface is arranged at an angle of 45 ° to the refractive surface and the light beam strikes the refractive surface at an oblique angle of incidence (claim 3).
  • the beam splitter body according to the invention can be designed like a known beam splitter cube, it is only to be arranged differently than previously oriented to the light beam.
  • the beam splitter body according to the invention can advantageously be used in a known arrangement for measuring a magnetic field of periodically fluctuating field strength as a beam splitter and, in this arrangement, has the advantage of polarization neutrality and temperature sensitivity of the beam splitter. Accordingly, such an arrangement for measuring a magnetic field periodically fluctuating field strength has the features specified in the characterizing part of claim 4.
  • the beam splitter body according to the invention can be used bidirectionally and is therefore particularly suitable for known arrangements for measuring a magnetic field of periodically fluctuating field strength, in which the light beam which has passed through the sensor device showing the Faraday effect in one direction again through the sensor device in the opposite direction goes through and then hits the beam splitter.
  • Such an arrangement is described, for example, in W. Bargmann, H. Winterhoff: “Measuring method for current measurement in high-voltage systems", in Technical Measurement, Vol. 50, No. 2, pages 69-77, 1983 Beam splitter body according to the invention specified improved such arrangement.
  • the invention is explained in more detail in the following description using the figures as an example. Show it:
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic illustration of an exemplary embodiment of a beam splitter body according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of an otherwise known arrangement for measuring a magnetic field of periodically fluctuating field strength with an inventive beam controller
  • Figure 3 shows a schematic representation of a conventional beam splitter cube
  • Figure 4 is a diagram showing the temperature response of the polarization of a beam splitter body according to the invention compared to that of a conventional beam splitter cube.
  • the beam splitter body 1 according to the invention shown in FIG. 1 and the conventional beam splitter cube 1 'shown in FIG. 3 are identical to the extent that body 1 and cube 1'
  • each have a refractive surface 10 or 10 'through which the light beam L enters the body 1 or cube 1', and - each has a partially transparent surface 11 or 11 'onto which the body 1 or cube 1 'entered light beam L at a certain angle of incidence ß, and
  • the light beam L is split into a reflected partial beam L1 and a transmitted partial beam L2 on the partially transparent surface 11 and 11 ', respectively.
  • the light intensity II guided in the reflected partial beam L1 and the light intensity 12 guided in the transmitted partial beam L2 together result in the neglect of intensity losses in the body 1 or cube 1 ', the light intensity I guided in the supplied light beam L.
  • the beam splitter body 1 according to the invention is arranged in the light beam L such that the light beam L which has entered the beam splitter body 1 through the refractive surface 10 strikes the partially transparent surface 11 at an angle of incidence ⁇ which is less than 45 °, preferably less than 22.5 ° is.
  • the conventional beam splitter cube 1 ' is arranged in the light beam L such that the light beam L which has entered the beam splitter cube 1' through the refractive surface 10 'strikes the partially transparent surface 11' at an angle of incidence ⁇ which is 45 °.
  • Partial beam L2 propagates in body 1 in the same direction R as light beam L in body 1.
  • the transmitted partial beam L2 propagates in the cube 1 'in the same direction RO' as the light beam L in the cube 1 '.
  • the partially transparent surface 11' is arranged at an angle ⁇ of 45 ° to the refractive surface 10 'through which the light beam L enters, and the light beam L strikes this refractive surface 10' perpendicularly, which is a side surface of the Cube is 1 '.
  • the refractive surface 10' is a vertical right side surface of the cube 1 ', relative to which the partially permeable surface 11' extends obliquely at an angle of 45 ° from the top right to the bottom left.
  • the light beam L is fed to the refractive surface 10 'in the horizontal direction R0' from the right and enters the cube 1 'unbroken, so that it also spreads in the cube' in the direction R0 '.
  • the reflected light beam L1 spreads vertically downward in the direction R1 and emerges unbroken from the lower horizontal side surface 12 'of the cube 1'.
  • the transmitted light beam L2 spreads horizontally to the left in the direction R0 'and emerges unbroken from the left vertical side surface 13' of the cube 1 '.
  • the partially transparent surface 11 is arranged at an angle ⁇ of 45 ° to the refractive surface 10 through which the light beam L enters.
  • this requirement has the advantage that the beam splitter body 1 according to the invention can be designed like a conventional beam splitter cube, for example the beam splitter cube 1 'according to FIG. 3, which only has to be arranged relative to the light beam L in such a way that the
  • Light beam L not perpendicular, but at an oblique angle of incidence ⁇ on the refractive surface 10 in the form of a side surface of this cube-shaped body 1 arranged at an angle ⁇ of 45 ° to the partially permeable surface 11, that it is broken on this surface 10 and as a broken one
  • Beam of the partially permeable surface 11 is supplied at an angle of incidence ⁇ which is less than 45 °.
  • the light beam L supplied to the cube-shaped beam splitter body 1 spreads from right to left in the direction R0, preferably horizontally or approximately horizontally.
  • the cube-shaped body 1 is arranged in the light beam L so that the partially transparent surface 11 is arranged vertically.
  • the refractive surface 10 of the body 1, which the light beam L strikes, is in particular the upper right side surface of the body 1, which extends obliquely at an angle of 45 ° to the partially transparent surface 11 from top left to bottom right.
  • the surface refracting on this 10 obliquely incident light beam L is refracted downwards at this and spreads obliquely downwards in the body 1 in the direction R to the partially transparent surface 11 and strikes this surface 11 at the angle of incidence ⁇ .
  • the light beam L 1 reflected on the partially transparent surface 11 spreads from the partially transparent layer 11 obliquely downwards in the direction R1 through the angle of reflection ⁇ and strikes the lower one, which extends obliquely at an angle of 45 ° to the partially transparent surface 11 from bottom left to top right right side surface 12 of the body 1, from which it emerges broken up. So that the reflected light beam L 1 can emerge from the side surface 12, may the supplied light beam L strikes the surface 10 at a not too great distance from the edge 112 at which the surfaces 10 and 12 meet.
  • the transmitted light beam L2 propagates in the body 1 from the partially transparent layer 11 in the direction R to the left and strikes the lower left side face 13 of the body 1 which extends obliquely at an angle of 45 ° to the partially transparent surface 11 from the bottom right to the top left , from which it emerges broken upwards.
  • the angle of incidence is always to be understood as that to the surface normal of the surface in question. The same applies to the angle of reflection.
  • the angle of incidence ⁇ of the light beam L on the partially transparent surface 11 is less than 22.5 ° and can be, for example, 19 °.
  • the cube-shaped beam splitter body 1 can be constructed like a conventional beam splitter cube, for example from two prisms, between which a dielectric or hybrid layer is formed, which defines the partially transparent surface 11.
  • the temperature is plotted on the abscissa and the polarization angle of the polarized light beam L is plotted on the ordinate.
  • the measuring point series I shows the temperature response of the polarization of the beam part according to the invention. body, the measuring point series II that of the conventional beam splitter cube. Measurements were taken on a MellesGriot 8 mm beam splitter cube, which was used both as a beam splitter body 1 according to the invention and as a conventional beam splitter cube 1 '.
  • the beam splitter body according to the invention in the temperature range between 15 ° C and . 50 ° C has no significant temperature response, while it is very strong in this area with the conventional beam splitter cube. A surprisingly good result.
  • FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of an arrangement according to the invention for measuring a magnetic field H in the form of a polarimetric current transformer with a back reflection arrangement, in which the magnetic field H is generated as an alternating field by an electrical alternating current flowing through a current conductor 20.
  • Effect-showing sensor device 2 is arranged, is coupled into a polarized light beam L.
  • the sensor device 2 has a light path 21 which wraps around the current conductor 20 and contains the Faraday effect material, for example a glass fiber coil, into which the light beam L is coupled and through which the coupled light beam L passes in a direction rl.
  • the Faraday effect material for example a glass fiber coil
  • the light beam L that has passed through the sensor device 2 in the one direction rl is reflected on a mirror 22 and the reflected light beam L again passes through the sensor device 2 in the direction r2 opposite to the one direction rl and then strikes a beam splitter 3.
  • the beam splitter 3 splits the supplied polarized light beam L into two polarized partial beams L1 and L2 , at least one of which is fed to an evaluation device 4.
  • the evaluation device 4 has, for example and as is known, a Wollaston prism 40 and, for example, two photodetectors 41 and 42, the signals of which are further processed in a known manner in the evaluation device (see, for example, the document Bargmann et al. Cited above), for example in one not shown evaluation circuit.
  • a light source 5 for example a semiconductor light source
  • a polarizer 6 for polarizing the unpolarized light beam L 'emerging from the light source 5 are provided.
  • Collimators 7 and 8 are provided for collimating the light beam L 'emerging divergent from the light source 5 and the divergent reflected light beam L emerging from the sensor device 2 and fed to the beam splitter 3.
  • the beam splitter 3 consists of a beam splitter body 1 according to the invention described above, the refractive surface 10 of which is supplied with the reflected light beam L which has passed through the sensor device 2 in the direction r2 and which is arranged with respect to this light beam L in such a way that the beam through the refractive surface 10 light beam L which has entered the beam splitter body 1 hits the partially transparent surface 11 at an angle of incidence ⁇ which is less than 45 °, for example 19 °.
  • this light beam L is split into a reflected partial beam L1 and a transmitted partial beam L2, of which at least one ner, preferably the reflected, the evaluation device 4 is supplied.
  • the beam splitter body 1 used is preferably cube-shaped.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Measuring Temperature Or Quantity Of Heat (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un élément séparateur de faisceaux (1) qui est placé, différemment d'un cube séparateur de faisceaux classique, dans le faisceau lumineux (L), de sorte que le faisceau lumineux (L) qui a pénétré dans l'élément séparateur de faisceaux (1) à travers une surface de réfraction (10) frappe la surface partiellement transparente (11) avec un angle d'incidence (β) inférieur à 45°, de préférence inférieur à 22,5°. Cet élément présente l'avantage d'une neutralité de polarisation et d'une insensibilité à la température. Il peut être utilisé de façon avantageuse dans des transformateurs de courant comportant un dispositif de rétroréflexion.
EP98934746A 1997-06-27 1998-05-18 Element separateur de faisceaux servant a diviser un faisceau lumineux et dispositif pour mesurer un champ magnetique fluctuant de fa on periodique, au moyen dudit element Withdrawn EP0991961A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19727473 1997-06-27
DE19727473 1997-06-27
PCT/DE1998/001373 WO1999000680A1 (fr) 1997-06-27 1998-05-18 Element separateur de faisceaux servant a diviser un faisceau lumineux et dispositif pour mesurer un champ magnetique fluctuant de façon periodique, au moyen dudit element

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0991961A1 true EP0991961A1 (fr) 2000-04-12

Family

ID=7833898

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP98934746A Withdrawn EP0991961A1 (fr) 1997-06-27 1998-05-18 Element separateur de faisceaux servant a diviser un faisceau lumineux et dispositif pour mesurer un champ magnetique fluctuant de fa on periodique, au moyen dudit element

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0991961A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1999000680A1 (fr)

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5295019A (en) * 1992-01-17 1994-03-15 Allied-Signal Inc. Method and apparatus for color separation with an optical slab and roof prism
CA2173143C (fr) * 1993-10-01 2000-11-14 Thomas Bosselmann Procede et systeme permettant de mesurer un courant electrique au moyen de deux signaux lumineux opposes, a l'aide de l'effet faraday
FR2733601B1 (fr) * 1995-04-28 1997-06-27 Thomson Multimedia Sa Dispositif de separation de polarisation et application a un systeme d'eclairement d'un ecran a cristal liquide

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO9900680A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1999000680A1 (fr) 1999-01-07

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