EP0991911B1 - Dispositif pour provoquer la rupture d'une corniche de neige - Google Patents
Dispositif pour provoquer la rupture d'une corniche de neige Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0991911B1 EP0991911B1 EP98924519A EP98924519A EP0991911B1 EP 0991911 B1 EP0991911 B1 EP 0991911B1 EP 98924519 A EP98924519 A EP 98924519A EP 98924519 A EP98924519 A EP 98924519A EP 0991911 B1 EP0991911 B1 EP 0991911B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- main cylinder
- supply conduit
- exploders
- positioning tube
- conduit
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D3/00—Particular applications of blasting techniques
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a device for causing the rupture of a snow cornice, this device comprising at least one gas exploder.
- avalanche triggering devices comprising a gas cannon fixedly mounted on a mountainside, the bottom of which is securely anchored against a base made of a concrete block and whose the mouth opens above the snowpack, as described in US Patent US-A-5,107,765.
- These guns are designed to trigger an avalanche in exposed areas, for example above ski resorts or residential areas.
- These devices are very effective to trigger avalanche flows in areas known as avalanche corridors, i.e. mostly made up of steep gorges where snow accumulates quickly and can reach unstabilized critical masses. They turned out particularly effective on light and sparse snow layers which contains a large volume of air trapped in the crystals.
- the breath caused by the detonation generates a wave effect with a strong initial compression followed by a trigger that breaks the snowpack and raises the snow mass enough to start a flow avalanche.
- a strong initial compression followed by a trigger that breaks the snowpack and raises the snow mass enough to start a flow avalanche.
- the blast of detonation applied over the stabilized layer of snow and dense and the shock wave that travels through the air is not enough to break the snowpack and cause snow to flow.
- these devices require rigid and extremely strong anchoring on the side of the mountain, in particular by means of a concrete base which is anchored to the rock.
- This base is sometimes difficult to install in steep sites and in hard-to-reach areas where rock can be crumbly. This case occurs in particular along ledges where the snow can accumulate overhang and where the rock base is not always adapted to receive a reinforced concrete base allowing the installation place of a trigger gun as defined above.
- cornices can have a significant length and their front, which defines the extent of the flow in the event of an avalanche, can extend over dozens even hundreds of meters. In this case, it would be advisable to install several guns so that the avalanche triggering device is effective, which multiplies the difficulties already mentioned.
- the present invention proposes to overcome these drawbacks by offering a attractive and effective solution to the above mentioned problems, this solution which also has the advantage of respecting the environment and Eliminate the risk of an uncontrolled avalanche in exposed sites where the other known means are unsuitable or ineffective.
- the exploder consists of a main cylinder erected substantially perpendicular to a support base placed flat on the ground, a positioning tube connected to the main cylinder and mounted on a rigid base fixed to the side of the mountain, a supply duct arranged to feed into the positioning tube and into the cylinder main a detonating gas mixture, and ignition means mounted in upstream of the supply duct and arranged to ensure ignition of the detonating gas mixture.
- said positioning tube is articulated on said rigid base around a substantially horizontal axis.
- the conduit supply is arranged to convey the detonating gas mixture and to minus a spark plug is mounted on this conduit to ensure the setting firing said detonating gas mixture.
- the supply duct is preferably connected to two flexible ducts respectively connected to oxygen and combustible gas tanks.
- the spark plug is, according to a preferred embodiment, connected an ignition system comprising a pressure switch associated with a two-state microswitch, a capacitor, an electric battery and a igniter, said microswitch being arranged to connect the capacitor with the igniter when in a first state and to put the capacitor in communication with the battery when it is in its second state.
- the device comprises several exploders and the supply conduit has several sections connected together, these sections being arranged in such a way that the distance between the area of connection and the exploders is the same for all the exploders in order to cause a simultaneous explosion.
- the support base of the main cylinder is made of concrete and has a rubber plate to absorb the fallout from this cylinder.
- the main cylinder has a cylindrical body hollow and an air exhaust duct.
- Said cylindrical body is preferably surmounted by a mass disposed at its upper end.
- the device 10 comprises several exploders 11 which each include a main cylinder 12 and a tube positioning 13 of an explosive mixture.
- Main cylinder 12 is disposed substantially perpendicular to a support base 14 laid flat on the ground and the positioning tube 13 is mounted on a rigid base 15 fixed to the side of the mountain.
- the positioning tube 13 is connected to the main cylinder 12 and coupled to the rigid base 15 by a articulation 16 which allows the displacement of this positioning tube, and of the main cylinder attached to it, in the direction of arrow A.
- the main cylinder consists of a cylindrical hollow body 12a open at its base and surmounted at its top by a mass 12b which acts as a counterweight.
- the support base 14 consists of a concrete base 17 surmounted by a rubber plate 18 intended to absorb the shock at the time of fallout of the assembly consisting of the main cylinder and the positioning after a shot.
- the rigid base 15 consists of a block in concrete firmly anchored to the mountain and which carries an element 16a of the articulation 16, a complementary element 16b of this articulation being integral with the positioning tube 13.
- the main cylinder 12 is equipped an air evacuation duct 19 or breather during the injection of the mixture gas, mounted near the upper end of the hollow body cylindrical 12a.
- This assembly which constitutes a sort of detonation hammer, is intended to be lifted to let escape the detonated gas, which creates an overpressure of gas in the cornice and lifts it over approximately 10 to 15 m 2 . It is completed by a supply pipe 20 of detonating gas mixture, made of steel or a flexible high pressure material, and ignition means 21, mounted floating to avoid lightning problems, and which will be described in more detail. with reference to FIG. 5.
- the device comprises four exploders 11 which are connected by sections 9 comprising a flexible part at the connection with the exploder, to the supply conduit 20 connected to the means of ignition 21 represented by a rectangular box.
- these sections of conduits 9 are arranged in such a way that their length is the same regardless of the exploder. This provision is adopted so that the distance between the ignition box to the exploders is the same for all the exploders so that the explosion takes place simultaneously and that its efficiency is optimal.
- These sections of conduits are preferably made of steel to resist detonation from the ignition point to the final expansion of the gases in the positioning tube 13 and in the main cylinder 12.
- a high pressure reinforced hose located between the 'exploder 11 and the supply duct 20 gives the flexibility necessary to allow the hammer to lift.
- Gas reserve bottles and in particular at least one bottle of oxygen and a bottle of a combustible gas such as for example the propane, are stored in a suitable shelter 22 which also contains the remote control elements of the valves which release the gases for a shoot.
- These buffer tanks are connected to their bottles respective by means of regulators which ensure an adjustment of optimum pressure in said tanks.
- FIG. 4 shows in more detail the connection area of the two conduits 23 and 24. These two conduits open into a further section of conduit large diameter.
- These ignition means 21 comprise a pressure switch 30 arranged to control two microswitches 31 and 32 with two states having three terminals of output, namely a terminal C called common output, a terminal T called work terminal and an R terminal called the rest terminal. Ways also include, in the example shown in which two spark plugs 26 and 27 are respectively provided to ensure igniting the detonating gas mixture, two capacitors 33 and 34, two batteries or accumulators 35 and 36 and two igniters 37 and 38.
- the pressure switch 30 is connected to the supply conduit 20 by a small hose or can be mounted directly on said conduit.
- the microswitches 31 and 32 have two states.
- the first state called the rest state, is obtained when no gas is flowing in the conduits and there is no pressure in the pressure switch 30.
- the capacitors 33 and 34 are then in closed circuit with igniters 37 and 38, battery / capacitor circuits being open.
- the second state known as the working state, is obtained when one of the two gases circulating in the conduits creates a slight overpressure in the pressure switch 30, which causes a change of state of the microswitches 31 and 32 and the transition from the state of rest to that of work.
- Batteries 35 and 36 are found connected in closed circuit to capacitors 33 and 34 and the circuit with the capacitor / igniter open, the capacitors charge for the gas injection time.
- the mass surmounting the cylinder to make counterweight may be weaker and, in this case, the cylinder is arranged to compensate for the difference in weight. It is also possible to provide a ignition system.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)
- Air Bags (AREA)
- Devices Affording Protection Of Roads Or Walls For Sound Insulation (AREA)
- Telephone Function (AREA)
- Table Devices Or Equipment (AREA)
- Control And Other Processes For Unpacking Of Materials (AREA)
- External Artificial Organs (AREA)
Description
Claims (9)
- Dispositif pour provoquer la rupture d'une corniche de neige, ce dispositif comportant au moins un exploseur à gaz, caractérisé en ce que l'exploseur (11) se compose d'un cylindre principal (12) dressé sensiblement perpendiculairement par rapport à un socle d'appui (14) disposé à plat sur le sol, d'un tube de positionnement (13) raccordé au cylindre principal et monté sur une embase rigide (15) fixée au flanc de la montagne, d'un conduit d'alimentation (20) agencé pour amener dans le tube de positionnement (13) et dans le cylindre principal (12) un mélange gazeux détonant, et de moyens d'allumage (21) montés en amont du conduit d'alimentation (20) et agencés pour assurer l'allumage du mélange gazeux détonant.
- Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que ledit tube de positionnement (13) est articulé sur ladite embase rigide (15) autour d'un axe sensiblement horizontal.
- Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le conduit d'alimentation (20) est agencé pour véhiculer le mélange gazeux détonant et en ce qu'au moins une bougie d'allumage (26) est montée sur ce conduit pour assurer la mise à feu dudit mélange gazeux détonant.
- Dispositif selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que le conduit d'alimentation (20) est raccordé à deux conduits flexibles (23, 24) respectivement connectés à des réservoirs d'oxygène et de gaz combustible.
- Dispositif selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que ladite bougie d'allumage (26) est raccordée à un système d'allumage (21) comprenant un pressostat (30) associé à un microrupteur (31) à deux états, un condensateur (33), une pile électrique (35) et un allumeur (37), ledit microrupteur étant agencé pour mettre en communication le condensateur avec l'allumeur lorsqu'il est dans un premier état et pour mettre le condensateur en communication avec la pile lorsqu'il est dans son deuxième état.
- Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte plusieurs exploseurs (11) et en ce que le conduit d'alimentation (20) comporte plusieurs tronçons (9) raccordés entre eux, ces tronçons étant agencés de telle manière que la distance entre la zone de raccordement et les exploseurs est la même pour tous les exploseurs afin de provoquer une explosion simultanée.
- Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le socle d'appui (14) du cylindre principal (12) est en béton et comporte une plaque en caoutchouc (18) pour amortir la retombée dudit cylindre.
- Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le cylindre principal (12) comporte un corps cylindrique creux (12a) et un conduit d'évacuation de l'air (19).
- Dispositif selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que ledit corps cylindrique (12a) est surmonté d'une masse (12b) disposée à son extrémité supérieure.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9708245 | 1997-06-26 | ||
FR9708245A FR2765320B1 (fr) | 1997-06-26 | 1997-06-26 | Dispositif pour provoquer la rupture d'une corniche de neige |
PCT/IB1998/000971 WO1999000637A1 (fr) | 1997-06-26 | 1998-06-22 | Dispositif pour provoquer la rupture d'une corniche de neige |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0991911A1 EP0991911A1 (fr) | 2000-04-12 |
EP0991911B1 true EP0991911B1 (fr) | 2001-09-05 |
Family
ID=9508667
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP98924519A Expired - Lifetime EP0991911B1 (fr) | 1997-06-26 | 1998-06-22 | Dispositif pour provoquer la rupture d'une corniche de neige |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6279481B1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP0991911B1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP2002506511A (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE205297T1 (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2292810A1 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE69801580T2 (fr) |
ES (1) | ES2163277T3 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2765320B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO1999000637A1 (fr) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2287559A2 (fr) | 2009-08-18 | 2011-02-23 | Geräte- und Vorrichtungsbau Spitzner OHG | Procédé et dispositif destinés à déclencher des avalanches |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2351797A (en) * | 1999-07-02 | 2001-01-10 | Delta K Explosive Engineering | Explosive device for triggering avalanches |
US7707938B2 (en) * | 2005-05-16 | 2010-05-04 | Hisel Stanley D | Apparatus and method for avalanche control |
AU2007256045A1 (en) * | 2006-06-02 | 2007-12-13 | Mike Eggers Limited | Noise generating device to scare birds or trigger avalanches |
FR2925152B1 (fr) * | 2007-12-14 | 2013-06-28 | Technologie Alpine De Securite T A S | Dispositif de declenchement d'avalanches |
FR2953922B1 (fr) * | 2009-12-10 | 2011-12-09 | Technologie Alpine De Securite Tas | Dispositif de declenchement d'avalanches |
FR3101940B1 (fr) * | 2019-10-10 | 2021-10-15 | Tech Alpine De Securite Tas | Système de déclenchement d’avalanches |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2459854A (en) * | 1946-04-18 | 1949-01-25 | Jr Willard E Swift | Grenade projector |
NO142929C (no) * | 1978-03-08 | 1980-11-12 | Raufoss Ammunisjonsfabrikker | Roeykboks. |
AR245818A1 (es) * | 1988-03-03 | 1994-02-28 | Schippers Jacob | Dispositivo para desencadenar un alud. |
AT407576B (de) * | 1996-04-10 | 2001-04-25 | Innova Patent Gmbh | Vorrichtung zum auslösen einer lawine od.dgl. |
ATE221983T1 (de) * | 1996-03-26 | 2002-08-15 | Innova Patent Gmbh | Einrichtung zum auslösen einer lawine od. dgl. |
-
1997
- 1997-06-26 FR FR9708245A patent/FR2765320B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1998
- 1998-06-22 CA CA002292810A patent/CA2292810A1/fr not_active Abandoned
- 1998-06-22 WO PCT/IB1998/000971 patent/WO1999000637A1/fr active IP Right Grant
- 1998-06-22 US US09/446,239 patent/US6279481B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-06-22 JP JP50539999A patent/JP2002506511A/ja not_active Ceased
- 1998-06-22 DE DE69801580T patent/DE69801580T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-06-22 AT AT98924519T patent/ATE205297T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-06-22 ES ES98924519T patent/ES2163277T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-06-22 EP EP98924519A patent/EP0991911B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2287559A2 (fr) | 2009-08-18 | 2011-02-23 | Geräte- und Vorrichtungsbau Spitzner OHG | Procédé et dispositif destinés à déclencher des avalanches |
DE102009037705A1 (de) | 2009-08-18 | 2011-03-03 | Geräte- und Vorrichtungsbau Spitzner OHG | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Auslösen von Lawinenabgängen |
DE102009037705B4 (de) * | 2009-08-18 | 2014-03-27 | Geräte- und Vorrichtungsbau Spitzner OHG | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Auslösen von Lawinenabgängen |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO1999000637A1 (fr) | 1999-01-07 |
US6279481B1 (en) | 2001-08-28 |
FR2765320B1 (fr) | 1999-09-17 |
DE69801580D1 (de) | 2001-10-11 |
EP0991911A1 (fr) | 2000-04-12 |
ATE205297T1 (de) | 2001-09-15 |
ES2163277T3 (es) | 2002-01-16 |
JP2002506511A (ja) | 2002-02-26 |
FR2765320A1 (fr) | 1998-12-31 |
DE69801580T2 (de) | 2002-07-11 |
CA2292810A1 (fr) | 1999-01-07 |
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