EP0990714A1 - Combustible for thermal spraying - Google Patents

Combustible for thermal spraying Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0990714A1
EP0990714A1 EP99117876A EP99117876A EP0990714A1 EP 0990714 A1 EP0990714 A1 EP 0990714A1 EP 99117876 A EP99117876 A EP 99117876A EP 99117876 A EP99117876 A EP 99117876A EP 0990714 A1 EP0990714 A1 EP 0990714A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fuel
thermal
liquefied gas
spraying
liquefied
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP99117876A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Peter Dipl.-Ing. Heinrich
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Linde GmbH
Original Assignee
Linde GmbH
Linde Gas AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Linde GmbH, Linde Gas AG filed Critical Linde GmbH
Publication of EP0990714A1 publication Critical patent/EP0990714A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
    • C23C4/129—Flame spraying

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fuel for thermal spraying, which by Combustion supplies thermal energy for thermal coating, as well Process for thermal spraying using this fuel.
  • Thermal spraying includes processes in which spray additives within or melted, melted or melted outside of spray equipment and prepared Surfaces are hurled. The surfaces are not melted.
  • the spray layers can be made from spray additives in liquid or plastic state can be applied.
  • Thermal spraying for coating surfaces is known as a process variant autogenous flame spraying or high speed flame spraying, arc spraying, plasma spraying, detonation spraying and laser spraying.
  • thermal spraying is, for example, the European standard Can be found in EN 657.
  • Thermal spray processes are essentially characterized in that they enable evenly applied coatings.
  • Thermal spraying Coatings can be applied by varying the spray materials can be adapted to different requirements.
  • the spray materials can be processed in the form of wires, rods or as powder. With thermal Spraying can also be followed by a thermal or mechanical aftertreatment or sealing may be provided.
  • the fuels used so far in thermal spraying are fuel gases or liquid fuels.
  • Acetylene, ethene, propane, methylacetylene propadiene, Propylene and hydrogen are used.
  • the use of natural gas as fuel gas is also conceivable.
  • the invention has for its object to show alternative fuels, which are suitable for use in thermal spraying.
  • This object is achieved in that the fuel liquefied gas.
  • Liquefied gas is understood to be a gas which is used under normal conditions is in gaseous state.
  • the liquefied gas can contain one or more hydrocarbons and / or hydrocarbon compounds.
  • the liquefied gas can contain ethane or preferably methane.
  • the liquefied gas essentially contains methane, ie with a proportion of more than 50 mol%.
  • the liquefied gas contains methane in a proportion of over 90 mol%.
  • Liquefied natural gas generally contains between about 97 and 99 mol% CH 4 .
  • the liquefied natural gas can be freed from impurities (typical impurities are, for example, water and CO 2 ).
  • the so-called serves as the starting product for liquefied natural gas Natural gas that is extracted from deposits in numerous countries around the world. If natural gas is cooled to -163.8 ° C at a pressure of 1 bar, it condenses a liquid that transports in heat-insulated storage containers (e.g. tanks) can be. Most of the liquefied natural gas falls during liquefaction Impurities.
  • Liquefied natural gas has a calorific value of 11.1 kWh / m 3 or 8.01 kWh / kg.
  • LNG tanks for use as fuel for vehicles - usually provided with so-called vacuum superinsulations, which enable relatively loss-free storage - have, for example, a pressure of or up to about 10 bar.
  • the liquefied gas can form part of the fuel.
  • Fuel there is Fuel, however, from liquefied gas, with the exception of impurities. This means that no further fuel is added to the liquefied gas.
  • Liquefied gas is one attractive alternative for liquid fuels.
  • Liquefied gas is often already in the storage tanks under pressure, which results in additional advantages.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)

Abstract

A liquefied gas is used as the fuel for thermal spraying which delivers thermal energy for thermal coating.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Brennstoff für das thermische Spritzen, welcher durch Verbrennung thermische Energie für das thermische Beschichten liefert, sowie Verfahren zum thermischen Spritzen unter Verwendung dieses Brennstoffes.The invention relates to a fuel for thermal spraying, which by Combustion supplies thermal energy for thermal coating, as well Process for thermal spraying using this fuel.

Das thermische Spritzen umfaßt Verfahren, bei denen Spritzzusätze innerhalb oder außerhalb von Spritzgeräten an-, auf- oder abgeschmolzen und auf vorbereitete Oberflächen aufgeschleudert werden. Die Oberflächen werden dabei nicht aufgeschmolzen. Die Spritzschichten können dabei aus Spritzzusätzen im flüssigen oder plastischen Zustand aufgetragen werden.Thermal spraying includes processes in which spray additives within or melted, melted or melted outside of spray equipment and prepared Surfaces are hurled. The surfaces are not melted. The spray layers can be made from spray additives in liquid or plastic state can be applied.

Das thermische Spritzen zum Beschichten von Oberflächen kennt als Verfahrensvarianten das autogene Flammspritzen oder das Hochgeschwindigkeits-Flammspritzen, das Lichtbogenspritzen, das Plasmaspritzen, das Detonationsspritzen und das Laserspritzen.Thermal spraying for coating surfaces is known as a process variant autogenous flame spraying or high speed flame spraying, arc spraying, plasma spraying, detonation spraying and laser spraying.

Thermische Spritzverfahren sind in allgemeiner Form beispielsweise in

  • Übersicht und Einführung in das "Thermische Spritzen" , Peter Heinrich, Linde-Berichte aus Technik und Wissenschaft, 52/1982, Seiten 29 bis 37,
    oder
  • Thermisches Spritzen - Fakten und Stand der Technik, Peter Heinrich, Jahrbuch Oberflächentechnik 1992, Band 48, 1991, Seiten 304 bis 327, Metall-Verlag GmbH,
beschrieben.Thermal spray processes are in general form, for example in
  • Overview and introduction to "thermal spraying ", Peter Heinrich, Linde reports from technology and science, 52/1982, pages 29 to 37,
    or
  • Thermal spraying - facts and state of the art, Peter Heinrich, yearbook surface technology 1992, volume 48, 1991, pages 304 to 327, Metall-Verlag GmbH,
described.

Weitere Details zum thermischen Spritzen sind beispielsweise der europäischen Norm EN 657 zu entnehmen.Further details on thermal spraying are, for example, the European standard Can be found in EN 657.

Thermische Spritzverfahren zeichnen sich im wesentlichen dadurch aus, daß sie gleichmäßig aufgetragene Beschichtungen ermöglichen. Durch thermische Spritzverfahren aufgetragene Beschichtungen können durch Variation der Spritzmaterialien an unterschiedliche Anforderungen angepaßt werden. Die Spritzmaterialien können dabei in Form von Drähten, Stäben oder als Pulver verarbeitet werden. Beim thermischen Spritzen kann zusätzlich eine thermische oder mechanische Nachbehandlung oder ein Versiegeln vorgesehen sein.Thermal spray processes are essentially characterized in that they enable evenly applied coatings. By thermal spraying Coatings can be applied by varying the spray materials can be adapted to different requirements. The spray materials can can be processed in the form of wires, rods or as powder. With thermal Spraying can also be followed by a thermal or mechanical aftertreatment or sealing may be provided.

Die beim thermischen Spritzen bislang eingesetzten Brennstoffe sind Brenngase oder flüssige Brennstoffe. Als Brenngase werden Acetylen, Ethen, Propan, Methylacetylen-Propadien, Propylen und Wasserstoff verwendet. Der Einsatz von Erdgas als Brenngas ist ebenfalls denkbar. Als flüssige Brennstoffe finden Kerosin, Petroleum oder Diesel Verwendung. Diese flüssigen Brennstoffe werden als mittlere Erdölfraktionen gewonnen und weisen in der Regel einen Siedepunkt zwischen 180 °C und 240 °C auf.The fuels used so far in thermal spraying are fuel gases or liquid fuels. Acetylene, ethene, propane, methylacetylene propadiene, Propylene and hydrogen are used. The use of natural gas as fuel gas is also conceivable. Kerosene, petroleum or find as liquid fuels Diesel use. These liquid fuels are called medium petroleum fractions won and usually have a boiling point between 180 ° C and 240 ° C. on.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, alternative Brennstoffe aufzuzeigen, welche sich für den Einsatz beim thermischen Spritzen eignen.The invention has for its object to show alternative fuels, which are suitable for use in thermal spraying.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß der Brennstoff verflüssigtes Gas umfaßt.This object is achieved in that the fuel liquefied gas.

Unter verflüssigtem Gas wird dabei ein Gas verstanden, welches unter Normalbedingungen in gasförmigem Aggregatzustand vorliegt.Liquefied gas is understood to be a gas which is used under normal conditions is in gaseous state.

Das verflüssigte Gas kann ein oder mehrere Kohlenwasserstoffe und/oder Kohlenwasserstoffverbindungen enthalten. Beispielsweise kann das verflüssigte Gas Ethan oder bevorzugt Methan enthalten. Insbesondere enthält das verflüssigte Gas im wesentlichen Methan, d.h. mit einem Anteil von über 50 Mol-%. In Ausgestaltung dazu enthält das verflüssigte Gas Methan mit einem Anteil von über 90 Mol-%. In Weiterbildung wird das verflüssigte Gas durch verflüssigtes Erdgas (LNG = Liquefied Natural Gas) gebildet. Verflüssigtes Erdgas enthält in der Regel zwischen etwa 97 und 99 Mol-% CH4. Das verflüssigte Erdgas kann von Verunreinigungen (typische Verunreinigungen sind beispielsweise Wasser und CO2) befreit sein.The liquefied gas can contain one or more hydrocarbons and / or hydrocarbon compounds. For example, the liquefied gas can contain ethane or preferably methane. In particular, the liquefied gas essentially contains methane, ie with a proportion of more than 50 mol%. In an embodiment of this, the liquefied gas contains methane in a proportion of over 90 mol%. In a further training, the liquefied gas is formed by liquefied natural gas (LNG = Liquefied Natural Gas). Liquefied natural gas generally contains between about 97 and 99 mol% CH 4 . The liquefied natural gas can be freed from impurities (typical impurities are, for example, water and CO 2 ).

Als Ausgangsprodukt für verflüssigtes Erdgas dient in der Regel das sogenannte Naturgas, das in zahlreichen Ländern der Erde aus Lagerstätten gewonnen wird. Kühlt man Erdgas bei einem Druck von 1 bar auf -163,8 °C ab, kondensiert es zu einer Flüssigkeit, die in wärmeisolierten Speicherbehältern (z.B. Tanks) transportiert werden kann. Bei der Verflüssigung fallen zum größten Teil die im Naturgas enthaltenen Verunreinigungen aus.As a rule, the so-called serves as the starting product for liquefied natural gas Natural gas that is extracted from deposits in numerous countries around the world. If natural gas is cooled to -163.8 ° C at a pressure of 1 bar, it condenses a liquid that transports in heat-insulated storage containers (e.g. tanks) can be. Most of the liquefied natural gas falls during liquefaction Impurities.

Verflüssigtes Erdgas besitzt einen Brennwert von 11,1 kWh/m3 bzw. 8,01 kWh/kg. LNG-Tanks zum Einsatz als Kraftstoff für Fahrzeuge - in der Regel mit sogenannten Vakuumsuperisolationen versehen, die eine relativ verlustfreie Lagerung ermöglichen - weisen beispielsweise einen Druck von bzw. bis zu etwa 10 bar auf.Liquefied natural gas has a calorific value of 11.1 kWh / m 3 or 8.01 kWh / kg. LNG tanks for use as fuel for vehicles - usually provided with so-called vacuum superinsulations, which enable relatively loss-free storage - have, for example, a pressure of or up to about 10 bar.

Das verflüssigte Gas kann einen Teil des Brennstoffes bilden. Bevorzugt besteht der Brennstoff aber aus verflüssigtem Gas, wobei von Verunreinigungen abgesehen wird. Das bedeutet, dem verflüssigten Gas wird kein weiterer Brennstoff zugemischt.The liquefied gas can form part of the fuel. Preferably there is Fuel, however, from liquefied gas, with the exception of impurities. This means that no further fuel is added to the liquefied gas.

In Versuchen hat sich gezeigt, daß Verfahren zum thermischen Spritzen unter Verwendung eines erfindungsgemäßen Brennstoffes zur Lieferung der thermischen Energie für das thermische Beschichten sich gut bewähren. Als thermische Spritzverfahren kommen erfindungsgemäß die Verfahrensvarianten des Flammspritzens, des Hochgeschwindigkeits-Flammspritzens oder des Detonationsspritzens in Frage.Experiments have shown that methods for thermal spraying under Use of a fuel according to the invention to supply the thermal Energy for thermal coating has proven itself well. As a thermal spray process According to the invention, the process variants of flame spraying come high-speed flame spraying or detonation spraying in question.

Mit der Erfindung gelingt damit eine Erweiterung der Palette der beim thermischen Spritzen verwendbaren Brennstoffe. Verflüssigtes Gas stellt insbesondere eine attraktive Alternative für flüssige Brennstoffe dar. Verflüssigtes Gas liegt bereits oft in den Speicherbehältern unter Druck vor, wodurch sich zusätzliche Vorteile ergeben.With the invention thus succeeds in expanding the range of thermal Syringes usable fuels. Liquefied gas is one attractive alternative for liquid fuels. Liquefied gas is often already in the storage tanks under pressure, which results in additional advantages.

Claims (9)

Brennstoff für das thermische Spritzen, welcher durch Verbrennung thermische Energie für das thermische Beschichten liefert, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Brennstoff verflüssigtes Gas umfaßt.Thermal spray fuel which provides thermal energy for thermal coating by combustion, characterized in that the fuel comprises liquefied gas. Brennstoff nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das verflüssigte Gas ein oder mehrere Kohlenwasserstoffe und/oder Kohlenwasserstoffverbindungen enthält.Fuel according to claim 1, characterized in that the liquefied gas one or more hydrocarbons and / or hydrocarbon compounds contains. Brennstoff nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das verflüssigte Gas Methan enthält.Fuel according to claim 2, characterized in that the liquefied gas Contains methane. Brennstoff nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das verflüssigte Gas im wesentlichen Methan enthält.Fuel according to claim 3, characterized in that the liquefied gas essentially contains methane. Brennstoff nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das verflüssigte Gas mit einem Anteil von über 90 Mol-% Methan enthält.Fuel according to claim 4, characterized in that the liquefied gas contains more than 90 mol% methane. Brennstoff nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das verflüssigte Gas durch verflüssigtes Erdgas (LNG = Liquefied Natural Gas) gebildet wird.Fuel according to one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that the liquefied gas through liquefied natural gas (LNG = Liquefied Natural Gas) is formed. Brennstoff nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Brennstoff aus verflüssigtem Gas besteht.Fuel according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the Fuel consists of liquefied gas. Verfahren zum thermischen Spritzen unter Verwendung eines Brennstoffes nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7 zur Lieferung der thermischen Energie für das thermische Beschichten.Process for thermal spraying using a fuel after one of claims 1 to 7 for the supply of thermal energy for the thermal coating. Verfahren nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das thermische Spritzverfahren ein Flammspritzverfahren, ein Hochgeschwindigkeits-Flammspritzverfahren oder ein Detonationsspritzverfahren ist.A method according to claim 8, characterized in that the thermal Spraying a flame spraying process, a high speed flame spraying process or is a detonation injection process.
EP99117876A 1998-09-30 1999-09-10 Combustible for thermal spraying Withdrawn EP0990714A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19844934A DE19844934A1 (en) 1998-09-30 1998-09-30 Thermal spray fuel
DE19844934 1998-09-30

Publications (1)

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EP0990714A1 true EP0990714A1 (en) 2000-04-05

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS62197185A (en) * 1986-02-24 1987-08-31 Toyota Motor Corp Method for coating with rust proof agent
WO1994011120A1 (en) * 1992-11-06 1994-05-26 Basf Lacke + Farben Aktiengesellschaft Powder-coating process, a device for carrying out the process and a coating powder for use in the process
EP0825273A1 (en) * 1996-08-20 1998-02-25 The BOC Group plc Coating substrates with high temperature ceramics
EP0848998A2 (en) * 1996-12-18 1998-06-24 Castolin S.A. Flame spraying apparatus and method
JPH11172407A (en) * 1997-12-04 1999-06-29 Nippon Uerudeingrotto Kk Wire gas flame thermal spraying and torch for wire gas flame thermal spraying

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS62197185A (en) * 1986-02-24 1987-08-31 Toyota Motor Corp Method for coating with rust proof agent
WO1994011120A1 (en) * 1992-11-06 1994-05-26 Basf Lacke + Farben Aktiengesellschaft Powder-coating process, a device for carrying out the process and a coating powder for use in the process
EP0825273A1 (en) * 1996-08-20 1998-02-25 The BOC Group plc Coating substrates with high temperature ceramics
EP0848998A2 (en) * 1996-12-18 1998-06-24 Castolin S.A. Flame spraying apparatus and method
JPH11172407A (en) * 1997-12-04 1999-06-29 Nippon Uerudeingrotto Kk Wire gas flame thermal spraying and torch for wire gas flame thermal spraying

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
DATABASE WPI Derwent World Patents Index; AN 1999-425390, XP002127424 *
DATABASE WPI Section Ch Week 198740, Derwent World Patents Index; Class A82, AN 1987-281820, XP002127423 *

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Publication number Publication date
DE19844934A1 (en) 2000-04-06

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