EP0990584A1 - Ancre de marine de type ancre plate - Google Patents
Ancre de marine de type ancre plate Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0990584A1 EP0990584A1 EP99402369A EP99402369A EP0990584A1 EP 0990584 A1 EP0990584 A1 EP 0990584A1 EP 99402369 A EP99402369 A EP 99402369A EP 99402369 A EP99402369 A EP 99402369A EP 0990584 A1 EP0990584 A1 EP 0990584A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- anchor
- rod
- legs
- profile
- anchor according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
- B63B21/24—Anchors
- B63B21/38—Anchors pivoting when in use
- B63B21/44—Anchors pivoting when in use with two or more flukes
Definitions
- French patent application FR-A-2,457,801 published on December 26, 1980, describes an anchor of this type whose legs or shovels have a general shape reminiscent of that of a Francisque. This geometry particular further promotes the holding of the anchor in soft bottoms.
- the rocker base of the anchor is produced in the form of a dihedron, both of which faces are solid, trapezoidal and symmetrical with respect to the plane defined by the two shovels.
- This crest therefore constitutes a shoulder which, as soon as it is retained by an asperity of the sandy bottom, helps by its shape to tilt shovels and taking them in the bottom.
- the face of the rocking mass which is then the lowest of two faces rests substantially flat on the bottom, but without sinking into it.
- the anchor described in application FR-A-2,690,410 provides that the two faces of the rocker mass each have a light which usefully serves as a handle for handling the anchor and which also serves to stabilize the anchor during the penetration of the shovels into the sandy bottom.
- the edges of this light indeed constitute as many asperities between the bottom and the face of the rocking bed in contact with said bottom, these roughness improving in consequently the stability of the anchor during its penetration into the bottom.
- the face of the rocker mass in contact with the bottom does not sink into this one since the solid parts of said face which surround the light prevent such a sinking.
- the removable anchor described in the American patent US-A-5005508, published April 9, 1991, includes a massive rocker in the shape of pyramid trunk which consists of a single section of metal tube.
- the four faces of this pyramid trunk, and in particular its two apt faces, one or the other, coming into contact with the sandy bottom when the shovels tip over then when the latter are inserted into the bottom are full and, by way of consequence, that of these two faces which is in contact with the bottom rests on this one without sinking.
- anchors of the "flat anchor” type effective, because they are the ones that offer the best grips in sandy bottoms, and, for some of them, not bulky because their jas is generally short.
- the present invention aims to optimize the implementation of an anchor of sea, effective, light and simple, by development of all criteria favoring deep penetration.
- a marine anchor of the "flat anchor” type comprising, arranged symmetrically on either side of the penis, two coplanar legs whose points extend towards the end anterior free of the rod which includes the organ on which the link is fixed flexible, chain or hawser, connecting the anchor to the ship.
- the heels of the legs are connected on the one hand to a tubular profile of rectangular section forming part of a rocking mass and, on the other hand, to a rod running perpendicularly through this profile to form a set in which the posterior end of the penis is articulated around the rod.
- the rocker frame further comprises a set of tie rods and spacers forming the edges of a pyramidal structure integral with the tubular profile and leaving completely free spaces between said profile and the rear ends of said structure.
- the tie rods and spacers are full or sufficiently rigid.
- An additional characteristic of the anchor according to the invention is that the front edges of the faces of the profile parallel to the plane of the legs are set back from the front edges of the profile faces adjacent to said legs and are located at such a distance from the rod that the angle opening of the penis in relation to the legs is limited to a given value, preferably 30 °.
- the general shape of the legs recalls that of a francisque which would have the rod for handle, or axis of symmetry.
- the outer front parts of the legs are sharpened and the rod is profiled, having a cross section whose dimension in one direction parallel to the rod is less than the dimension in the orthogonal direction.
- the rod constituting the axis of articulation of the rod overflows laterally the roots of the heels of the shovels, to form a jas.
- An additional feature of the anchor according to the above variant is that the rear ends of the structure pyramid are seen from each end of the jas from a low angle opening, preferably 30 °.
- the material used for the realization anchor is steel or an aluminum alloy or a plastic material and, very advantageously, the tie rods and the spacers are welded together and on said profile, or rigidly linked together.
- the two embodiments of the anchor represented have two legs 1 and 2, also called shovels, flat and coplanar, articulated on a rod 3 constituting an axis of symmetry for these legs.
- the two legs are secured to each other by their heels 4, which are connected on the one hand to a tubular section section 5 rectangular partly acting as a rocking frame 6 and secondly as a rod 7 passing right through profile 5 to form an assembly on which is articulated around the rod 7, the rear end 8 of the rod 3.
- the tubular profile 5 thus constitutes a kind of cage into which is introduced the rear end 8 of the rod 3.
- This profile is either a section of tube of rectangular section, obtained by the combination of four plates arranged parallel two by two and welded together. Tips 9 and 10 of shovels 1 and 2 are turned towards the other end 11 of the penis which receives the link to the chain.
- the rocker frame 6, in addition to the tubular profile 5, is consisting of a set of tie rods 12, 13 and spacers 14 forming the edges of a pyramidal structure 15 integral with this profile 5 and leaving spaces completely free 16, 17 between the latter and the rear ends 18, 19 of the structure, as shown in detail in Figures 2, 3, 4 and 5.
- the spacers side 14 are advantageously curved and concavity turned towards the rear anchor.
- the longitudinal tie rods 13 are welded on the one hand on the front of the lateral faces 20, 21 of the profile 5 and on the other hand on spacers side 14 welded to the rear of these same side faces 20, 21.
- the tie rods transverse 12 connect the longitudinal tie rods 13 and the lateral spacers 14 on each side between them.
- the transverse tie rods 12 contribute to a good tilt frontal. It is indeed one or the other of these two tie rods 12 which will trigger the tilting the anchor forward and burying it in the bottom as soon as it goes be held back by an asperity.
- the space 16 or, depending on, 17 left free between the tie rod transverse 12 resting on the seabed and the rear of the profile 5 facilitates the penetration of the anchor in the bottom.
- the rocking bed retains its primary function of contributing to tilting of the shovels, but it does not have the disadvantage of presenting a master significant couple opposing its sinking.
- the interest of such a rocking mass is that, at the time of taking, it causes the same rocking effect as that obtained with known anchors but that, then, at the time of deep penetration, thanks to its totally open spaces 16 and 17, there is free passage of the nets of sand and mud.
- the rocking bed therefore sinks in turn into the bottom sandy and, consequently, the shovels of the anchor are still buried deeper into the sandy bottom and so reach areas more consistent.
- the anchor according to the invention is therefore even more resistant at stall.
- the anchor is also lightened by compared to the achievements of the prior art in which the crest was constituted by an assembly of solid plates.
- the center of gravity of the anchor according to the invention is therefore moved somewhat further forward, relative to a anchor in all identical points except for its rocking mass whose faces are full, and, because of this simple fact, its tilting is easier and its catch in the background is faster.
- Such grip is also improved relative to the anterior anchor insofar as its rocker mass can now burrow into the bottom, allowing all the active surfaces of the legs 1, 2 to penetrate more deeply the area of said bottom in which the material is consistent and consistent, therefore more resistant.
- the faces 22, 23 of the profile 5 parallel to the plane of the tabs 1, 2 have front edges 24, 25 set back from the edges anterior 26, 27 of the side faces 20, 21 adjacent to said legs.
- the rod 7, on which are welded the roots of the heels 4 of the legs 1 and 2 has a length greater than the total width thereof. She therefore extends laterally from the heels, and consequently plays the role of a jas.
- the axis constituting the articulation of the rod 3 relative to the massif and the jas are thus confused.
- the length ideal of the jas will in fact depend on the height of the rocking frame 6 which must be large enough to favor the longitudinal tilting of the legs, but low enough not to interfere with burial and to prevent tipping lateral of the legs, in which case a differential depression would cause a less hold of the anchor.
- tie rods 12 and 13, spacers 14 and jas 7 having given the best results are such that the rear ends 18, 19 of the pyramid structure 15 are seen from each end 28, 29 of the jas 7 at an angle of small opening, of the order of 30 °.
- the rod 7 is used more simply to strengthen the fixation of the roots of the heels 4 of the legs 1 and 2 on the rocker rock mass 6 and the axis of rotation of the rod 3. It has no effect on the stability of the anchor, but the assembly takes up the most space reduced possible.
- the anchors according to the invention advantageously have a shape general which recalls that of a francisque, whose handle, or axis of symmetry, would be constituted by the rod 3.
- the parts front anterior 30 and 31 of the legs 1 and 2 are advantageously sharpened.
- the rod 3 is profiled, as shown schematically the Figure 4, representing the rocking frame 6 seen from the back, and inside the posterior end 8 of the rod 3.
- the general shape of the cross section of the rod 3 is that of a rhombus or a rectangle whose angles are advantageously cut.
- All the anchors tested are 12 kg anchors, commonly used on cruise ships. The measures were taken in sea, on the edge of the Binic coast and at the entrance to the Port du Légué, in conditions closest to actual use, always using the same boat, a fishing vessel called "The Ideal of the Seas", equipped with a 200 horsepower.
- Each anchor received the same anchor chain, from the same linear weight and the same length. This chain, wet from the back, came attach to a fixed point in the middle of the boat. The wetting process was identical for all anchors. The time was the same for all the tests, calm with a flat sea surface, slightly rough during the tests on a ground made of maerl.
- a diver equipped with an underwater camera, observed underwater the behavior of each anchor so as to provide specific information on how the anchors tested worked.
- Stall voltages were measured using of the same material, namely a mechanical dynamometer comprising a chain made of steel 100 meters long and 6 millimeters in diameter.
- the anchors according to the invention are preferably built in A36 steel or aluminum alloy or in material plastic.
- the tie rods and spacers are preferably solid rods, or less rigid enough, bent to the appropriate shape, and welded or tied securely between them.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
- Revetment (AREA)
- Prostheses (AREA)
- Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
- Dowels (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Ancre accrochée, tension de décrochage 400 Kg
Ancre accrochée, tension de décrochage 500 Kg
L'ancre ne croche pas, tension 0
Ancre accrochée, tension maximale sans décrochage 1 490 Kg
Ancre accrochée, tension de décrochage 1 350 Kg
Ancre accrochée, tension de décrochage 450 Kg
Ancre accrochée, tension de décrochage 600 Kg
Ancre accrochée, tension de décrochage 500 Kg
Ancre accrochée après avoir été trainée, tension de décrochage 1 250 Kg
Ancre accrochée en prise immédiate, tension de décrochage 800 Kg
Après plusieurs tentatives, l'ancre ne s'est pas accrochée.
Ancre accrochée en prise immédiate, tension de décrochage 400 Kg
Ancre légèrement accrochée, tension de décrochage 250 Kg
Claims (10)
- Ancre de marine du type "ancre plate", comprenant, disposées symétriquement de part et d'autre de la verge (3), deux pattes coplanaires (1, 2) dont les pointes (9, 10) s'étendent vers l'extrémité antérieure (11) libre de ladite verge (3) comportant l'organeau sur lequel se fixe le lien souple, chaíne ou aussière, raccordant l'ancre au navire, et dont les talons (4) se raccordent d'une part à un profilé (5) tubulaire de section rectangulaire faisant partie d'un massif de bascule (6) et d'autre part à une tige (7) traversant perpendiculairement ledit profilé (5) de part en part pour constituer un ensemble dans lequel l'extrémité postérieure (8) de la verge (3) s'articule autour de la tige (7), caractérisée en ce qui le massif de bascule (6) comporte un ensemble de tirants (12, 13) et d'entretoises (14) formant les arêtes d'une structure pyramidale (15) solidaire du profilé (5) et laissant des espaces totalement libres (16, 17) entre ledit profilé (5) et les extrémités arrière (18, 19) de ladite structure (15).
- Ancre selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que les tirants (12, 13) et les entretoises (14) sont pleins.
- Ancre selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que les bords antérieurs (24, 25) des faces (22, 23) du profilé (5) parallèles au plan des pattes (1, 2) sont en retrait par rapport aux bords antérieurs (26, 27) des faces (20, 21) du profilé (5) adjacentes auxdites pattes et sont situés à une distance telle de la tige (7) que l'angle d'ouverture de la verge (3) par rapport auxdites pattes (1, 2) est limité à une valeur donnée, préférentiellement 30°.
- Ancre selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisée en ce que la forme générale des pattes (1, 2) rappelle celle d'une francisque qui aurait pour manche, ou axe de symétrie, la verge (3).
- Ancre selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisée en ce que les parties antérieures extérieures (30, 31) des pattes (1, 2) sont affûtées.
- Ancre selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisée en ce que la verge (3) est profilée, présentant une section droite dont la dimension dans une direction parallèle à la tige (7) est inférieure à la dimension dans la direction orthogonale.
- Ancre selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisée en ce que les tirants (12, 13) et les entretoises (14) sont soudés entre eux et sur le profilé (5) ou liés rigidement entre eux.
- Ancre selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisée en ce que la tige (7) constituant l'axe d'articulation de la verge (3) déborde latéralement les racines des talons (4) des pattes (1, 2) afin de constituer un jas.
- Ancre selon la revendication 8, caractérisée en ce que les extrémités arrière (18, 19) de la structure pyramidale (15) sont vues de chaque extrémité (28, 29) du jas (7) sous un angle de faible ouverture, préférentiellement 30°.
- Ancre selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisée en ce que le matériau utilisé pour sa réalisation est de l'acier ou un alliage d'aluminium ou encore un matériau plastique.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9812110A FR2786460B1 (fr) | 1998-09-28 | 1998-09-28 | Ancre de marine de type "ancre plate" |
FR9812110 | 1998-09-28 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0990584A1 true EP0990584A1 (fr) | 2000-04-05 |
EP0990584B1 EP0990584B1 (fr) | 2005-12-14 |
Family
ID=9530927
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP99402369A Expired - Lifetime EP0990584B1 (fr) | 1998-09-28 | 1999-09-28 | Ancre de marine de type ancre plate |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0990584B1 (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE312751T1 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE69928883D1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2786460B1 (fr) |
Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AU3205871A (en) * | 1971-08-05 | 1973-02-08 | STANLEY CYRIL FLETCHER and AUDREY MARIE FLETCHER | An anchor |
FR2290344A1 (fr) * | 1974-11-06 | 1976-06-04 | Klaren Petrus | Ancre marine |
FR2457801A1 (fr) | 1979-05-31 | 1980-12-26 | Royer Guy | Perfectionnements aux ancres marines |
US4763597A (en) | 1987-04-20 | 1988-08-16 | Jss Scientific Corporation | Folding anchor |
US5005508A (en) | 1989-09-20 | 1991-04-09 | The Crosby Company | Anchor assembly |
US5140931A (en) * | 1991-09-30 | 1992-08-25 | Jaquith Industries, Inc. | Kedge anchor with multiple stop means |
FR2690410A1 (fr) | 1992-04-23 | 1993-10-29 | Royer Guy | Ancre de marine du type plate et démontable. |
-
1998
- 1998-09-28 FR FR9812110A patent/FR2786460B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1999
- 1999-09-28 DE DE69928883T patent/DE69928883D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-09-28 EP EP99402369A patent/EP0990584B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-09-28 AT AT99402369T patent/ATE312751T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AU3205871A (en) * | 1971-08-05 | 1973-02-08 | STANLEY CYRIL FLETCHER and AUDREY MARIE FLETCHER | An anchor |
FR2290344A1 (fr) * | 1974-11-06 | 1976-06-04 | Klaren Petrus | Ancre marine |
FR2457801A1 (fr) | 1979-05-31 | 1980-12-26 | Royer Guy | Perfectionnements aux ancres marines |
US4763597A (en) | 1987-04-20 | 1988-08-16 | Jss Scientific Corporation | Folding anchor |
US5005508A (en) | 1989-09-20 | 1991-04-09 | The Crosby Company | Anchor assembly |
US5140931A (en) * | 1991-09-30 | 1992-08-25 | Jaquith Industries, Inc. | Kedge anchor with multiple stop means |
FR2690410A1 (fr) | 1992-04-23 | 1993-10-29 | Royer Guy | Ancre de marine du type plate et démontable. |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0990584B1 (fr) | 2005-12-14 |
DE69928883D1 (de) | 2006-01-19 |
FR2786460B1 (fr) | 2001-04-06 |
ATE312751T1 (de) | 2005-12-15 |
FR2786460A1 (fr) | 2000-06-02 |
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