EP0981673A1 - Device for stabilising an unstable shoulder in railway and road construction and method for producing the same - Google Patents
Device for stabilising an unstable shoulder in railway and road construction and method for producing the sameInfo
- Publication number
- EP0981673A1 EP0981673A1 EP98914762A EP98914762A EP0981673A1 EP 0981673 A1 EP0981673 A1 EP 0981673A1 EP 98914762 A EP98914762 A EP 98914762A EP 98914762 A EP98914762 A EP 98914762A EP 0981673 A1 EP0981673 A1 EP 0981673A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- elements
- formation
- support grids
- holding elements
- ground
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/02—Retaining or protecting walls
- E02D29/0225—Retaining or protecting walls comprising retention means in the backfill
- E02D29/0233—Retaining or protecting walls comprising retention means in the backfill the retention means being anchors
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B2/00—General structure of permanent way
- E01B2/006—Deep foundation of tracks
Definitions
- the invention relates to a device for securing unstable banquets in the construction of, in particular, railways, streets and paths, with supporting grids placed on the ground, lined up alongside one another and filled with bulk material, each of which is designed to be open and angled with a front side and a normally horizontal base part and at least on the front side are lined with a flat geocompatible product.
- the invention also relates to a method for creating a device of the type mentioned.
- the device according to the invention and the method according to the invention are used, for example, to secure unstable banquets in railway, road and path construction, when building edge paths on slopes, and / or to stabilize shoulders of rail and road bodies in slip zones.
- a device of the type mentioned is known from EP-B-0197000 and / or CH-A-666510.
- the support grids clad at least on the front with a geocompatible make and then backfilled are placed on a respective level and are then fixed with the aid of a reinforcement also made of geocompatible make, essentially by the weight of the fill on it.
- narrow grids of the type known from EP-B-0197000 and / or CH-A-666510 are stable only in very favorable subsurface conditions, and such favorable conditions are in most cases in which a banquet security is required at all is not before.
- the object of the invention is to provide a device of the type mentioned at the outset with which the disadvantages mentioned can be overcome.
- the invention also relates to a method which can be carried out in alternative equivalent ways for creating secure banquets during the construction of, in particular, railways, streets and paths.
- the open, angular support grids placed on the formation and lined up alongside one another are fundamentally inherently stable together with their filling with heavy bulk material.
- the holding elements of the device according to the invention fix the filled support grids in the soil under the formation through dowelling and re-attachment and thus prevent the support grids from sliding outward on the formation.
- the support grids of the device according to the invention can also be fixed to the holding elements only by simple lateral contact and therefore do not need to be rigidly connected to them, but can be displaceable in the vertical direction. Additional fixing elements only need to prevent the lateral (horizontal), but not the vertical displacement between the support grid and the holding element.
- the vertical displaceability of the support grids on the holding elements results in a flexibility of the structure essentially in different tical direction over longer distances, which allows this to follow large-scale terrain movements.
- the holding elements are not support piles for absorbing vertical loads from the support grids.
- the holding elements can be embedded at more or less any location in the bulk body, which in turn allows the use of very simple and inexpensive holding elements, for example rammed elements.
- the holding elements can also be driven as desired before or after the support grid is placed on the formation without particular dimensional accuracy in the subsurface of the formation.
- flat geocompatible product includes not only geocompatible textile products in the narrow sense, but also their geocompatible, possibly non-textile equivalents such as, for example, grids, membranes or honeycomb structures, in particular also metal meshes.
- vertical holding element encompasses various types of profiles made of steel, concrete or wood, which can be inserted into the ground, for example by ramming or drilling, piles and their equivalents, for example railroad rail parts, normally without, but if necessary also with additional ones Mortar.
- tension element encompasses various types of tension piles or tie rods that can be inserted into the ground by ramming or drilling, optionally with or without prestressing, optionally with or without mortar.
- the device according to the invention thus essentially consists of open, angular, longitudinally arranged support grids, a flat geocompatible product and bulk material held therein, if necessary in several layers.
- the support grids are fixed in the construction recessed, more or less vertical into the subsurface, preferably rammed or drilled holding elements, which can optionally and depending on the geomechanical requirements be additionally retained with the help of inclined tensile elements rammed or drilled into the subsurface.
- the device according to the invention with the vertical holding elements allows, by embedding them in the bulk material, the exact adjustment of the support grids in the longitudinal and transverse directions irrespective of the dimensional accuracy of the position of the vertical holding elements.
- the position of the vertical holding elements may vary depending on the procedure for their installation and on the properties of the subsurface, without impairing the adjustment of the support grid - thanks to the invention, a high degree of dimensional accuracy is not required when placing the vertical holding elements.
- the device according to the invention ensures a vertically movable attachment of the support grids, which allows them to sit down without jamming or "hanging up” on the holding elements and putting considerable strain on them.
- the device according to the invention if necessary, allows the support grids to be secured against horizontal slipping relative to the holding elements after being moved by means of tension or pressure elements.
- the aim of the process is to secure banquets on the one hand with simple, quickly displaceable and mountable elements, on the other hand to use bulk material, in particular also reused material such as old ballast, broken concrete rubble etc. and to use it as a load-bearing component of the support grid.
- the bulk material is not just a filler or a backfill, but it serves to stiffen the support grid and to embed the vertical holding element and thus becomes a structurally active building material.
- the device according to the invention and the method according to the invention also have the advantage that the support elements are easy to fill.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematically illustrated cross section through a banquet security device with a device according to the invention in railway construction
- FIG. 2 shows a schematically illustrated cross section through a banquet security device with a device according to the invention in road and path construction;
- FIG. 3 shows a schematically illustrated cross section through a banquet securing device or shoulder widening with a plurality of layers of support grids of the device according to the invention installed one above the other;
- FIG. 4 is a schematically illustrated perspective view sees the device according to the invention.
- FIG. 5a shows a schematically illustrated perspective view of a first embodiment of a fixation of a vertical holding element to a support grid of the device according to the invention
- FIG. 5b shows a schematically illustrated side view of the design of the fixation shown in FIG. 5a;
- FIG. 6a shows a schematically illustrated perspective view of a second embodiment of a fixation of a vertical holding element to a support grid of the device according to the invention
- FIG. 6b shows a schematically illustrated side view of the design of the fixation shown in FIG. 6a;
- an overall device 1 for securing unstable banquets on slopes 11 is shown. With the device 1, deeper sliding surfaces 12 can also be stabilized.
- the device 1 can be used, for example, in railway construction, as shown in FIG. 1, or in road and path construction, for example, as shown in FIG. 2, as a mere measure for securing banquets or also for the purpose of widening the edge, walkways or traffic routes.
- the device 1 enables, for example, a multi-layer installation as shown in FIG. 3.
- a device 1 is shown schematically in perspective view on a banquet on a slope in FIG. 4.
- the device 1 comprises an angular support grid 2 with a front side 21, normally a horizontal bottom part 22 and guy hooks 6, a grid insert 7 and vertical holding elements 3 going through the bottom parts 22 of the support grid 2, which are retained with pulling elements 4 if required geomechanically.
- An additional fixation 5 against horizontal displacement between support grid 2 and vertical support element 4 is possible, but not required in the standard case.
- the support grid 2 is filled with coarse-grained bulk material 8 which, together with the vertical support elements 3 and optionally with tension elements 4, makes up the entire device 1. Vertical displacements of the support grid 2 with respect to the vertical holding element 3 are possible, so that no critical additional loads are transmitted to the holding element 3, particularly in the case of subsidence.
- the construction is carried out from a flat surface 9, the width of which corresponds at least to the support width of the support grid 2. Behind it, the steepest possible excavation slope 10 is created.
- the vertical holding elements 3 are introduced either from the original slope 11 or only from the level 9 and protrude far beyond the level 9 in order to ensure their sufficient embedding in the filling material 8.
- the oblique tension elements 4 are displaced from only a small excavation 2 from a small excavation which extends below the level 9.
- the tension element 4 is also installed higher from the excavation embankment 10.
- the support grid 2 generally consists of a corrosion-protected steel grid and is essentially L-shaped. ig formed with an inclination of the front 21 to the bottom part 22, which is approximately 60 ° to 90 °.
- the flat geocompatible product 7 is, for example, a geotextile insert or a geogrid and has the purpose of retaining the filling material 8.
- the opening widths of the geocompatible product 7 are matched to the grain diameter of the filling material 8. Since in general coarse filler material 8 (gravel, rubble) is installed and the holding elements are at a large distance from one another in relation to their diameter, the device 1 as a whole is permeable, so that water flowing in from the railway or road body as with a normal embankment can flow freely. In contrast to dense banquets, there is no damming and no concentrated drainage from openings etc.
- the vertical holding elements 3 can consist of rammed steel profiles such as, for example, double-T profiles, rail profiles, tubes, rods and the like, or also of concrete or wooden profiles with a round or angular design, as described in more detail below in connection with FIGS. 7a to 7g is described.
- the holding elements 3 can be rammed in or can also be moved into predrilled holes.
- additional mortar is indicated for pipes (rammed or drilled) and for rod profiles set in pre-drilled holes.
- the inclined tension elements 4 are installed as required by earth mechanics. These tension elements 4 can consist, for example, of rammed and pretensioned rod or cable anchors, or of rammed or staggered or mostly drilled-in pipe and rod anchors, or rope anchors, which are generally staggered in and drilled-in holes, as is the case is further described below in connection with Figures 8a to 8g. Combinations of these with pipe anchors are also possible.
- fixations between the bottom part 22 of the support grid 2 and the vertical holding elements 3 are necessary in particular in the case of poor filling material 8 and / or high horizontal pressure forces acting on the support grid 2 and backfilling 8 from behind.
- Such fixations, generally designated 5 are, for example, pressure elements such as the wedge-shaped element shown schematically in FIGS. 5a and 5b, which fixes the vertical holding element 3 by clamping action on the support grid 2, or, for example, brackets subjected to tension such as the one shown schematically in FIGS. 6a and 6b U-shaped element which encloses the vertical holding element 3 and is fixed to the support grid 2 with a fastening nut.
- FIGS. 7a to 7g schematically show examples of cross sections of a vertical holding element 3:
- a cross section is, for example, H-shaped in FIG. 7a, shaped like a railroad track in FIG. 7b, ring-shaped like a pipe in FIG. 7c, in Fig. 7d circular as in a rod, in Fig. 7e square as in a prism, in Fig. 7f again ring-shaped as in a pipe and additionally provided with mortar filling and coating, in Fig. 7g again circular as in a rod and additionally provided with a mortar coating, a combination of designs according to FIGS. 7f and 7g is also possible and the design according to FIG. 7f can be used as an outer casing or infiltration tube.
- FIGS. 8a to 8g schematically show examples of cross sections of an oblique tension element 4:
- Such a cross section is, for example, circular in FIG. 8a as in the case of a rod, in FIG. 8b consisting of several circular sections as in the case of a wire rope in FIG. 8c ring-shaped like a pipe, in Fig. 8d (in a schematic representation) consisting of a rammable tie rod with rod or cable pull and transverse anchor point pulling or tensioning, in Fig. 8e again circular as with a rod and additionally provided with mortar coating , in Fig. 8f again from several circular sections standing like a wire rope and additionally provided with mortar covering, in Fig.
- Fig. 8g again ring-shaped like a pipe and additionally provided with mortar filling and covering, again a combination of the design according to Fig. 8e or Fig. 8f with the design according to Fig. 8g is possible and the design according to Fig. 8g can be used as an outer cladding or infiltration tube.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)
- Road Paving Structures (AREA)
- Consolidation Of Soil By Introduction Of Solidifying Substances Into Soil (AREA)
- Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH01109/97A CH692390A5 (en) | 1997-05-12 | 1997-05-12 | A device for securing instable banquets in railway construction and in the streets and roads, and processes for their preparation. |
CH110997 | 1997-05-12 | ||
PCT/CH1998/000164 WO1998051869A1 (en) | 1997-05-12 | 1998-04-24 | Device for stabilising an unstable shoulder in railway and road construction and method for producing the same |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0981673A1 true EP0981673A1 (en) | 2000-03-01 |
EP0981673B1 EP0981673B1 (en) | 2002-08-14 |
EP0981673B2 EP0981673B2 (en) | 2006-02-22 |
Family
ID=4202704
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP98914762A Expired - Lifetime EP0981673B2 (en) | 1997-05-12 | 1998-04-24 | Device for stabilising an unstable shoulder in railway and road construction and method for producing the same |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0981673B2 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE222311T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU6916298A (en) |
CH (1) | CH692390A5 (en) |
DE (1) | DE59805193D1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1998051869A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR3085981B1 (en) | 2018-09-17 | 2021-10-22 | Somain Securite | DEVICE FOR FIXING A POST ON A MESH |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CH666510A5 (en) * | 1985-03-05 | 1988-07-29 | Landolt Fritz Ag | ARRANGEMENT FOR CREATING A GROUNDABLE STEEP SLOPE. |
CH676015A5 (en) * | 1988-05-16 | 1990-11-30 | Hermann Claus | |
CH684102A5 (en) † | 1991-11-08 | 1994-07-15 | Hermann Claus | Method and apparatus for stabilizing roads on slopes. |
IT1257042B (en) † | 1992-06-10 | 1996-01-05 | PROCEDURE FOR THE FORMATION OF VERDEGGIAN SCARPES IN GROUND REINFORCED AND PRODUCT OBTAINED WITH SUCH PROCEDURE | |
NO951465L (en) † | 1995-04-19 | 1996-10-21 | Fjerby As | Reinforcing device for sloping ground and method of building the reinforced sloping ground |
-
1997
- 1997-05-12 CH CH01109/97A patent/CH692390A5/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1998
- 1998-04-24 AT AT98914762T patent/ATE222311T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-04-24 AU AU69162/98A patent/AU6916298A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1998-04-24 DE DE59805193T patent/DE59805193D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-04-24 EP EP98914762A patent/EP0981673B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-04-24 WO PCT/CH1998/000164 patent/WO1998051869A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO9851869A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU6916298A (en) | 1998-12-08 |
WO1998051869A1 (en) | 1998-11-19 |
CH692390A5 (en) | 2002-05-31 |
EP0981673B1 (en) | 2002-08-14 |
ATE222311T1 (en) | 2002-08-15 |
EP0981673B2 (en) | 2006-02-22 |
DE59805193D1 (en) | 2002-09-19 |
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