EP0980416B1 - Polyalkylenglykole als schmiermittel für co 2-kältemaschinen - Google Patents
Polyalkylenglykole als schmiermittel für co 2-kältemaschinen Download PDFInfo
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- EP0980416B1 EP0980416B1 EP98932037A EP98932037A EP0980416B1 EP 0980416 B1 EP0980416 B1 EP 0980416B1 EP 98932037 A EP98932037 A EP 98932037A EP 98932037 A EP98932037 A EP 98932037A EP 0980416 B1 EP0980416 B1 EP 0980416B1
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- polyalkylene glycols
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M107/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a macromolecular compound
- C10M107/20—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a macromolecular compound containing oxygen
- C10M107/30—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M107/32—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones; Polyesters; Polyethers
- C10M107/34—Polyoxyalkylenes
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- C10M105/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound
- C10M105/08—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound containing oxygen
- C10M105/32—Esters
- C10M105/38—Esters of polyhydroxy compounds
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- C10M111/00—Lubrication compositions characterised by the base-material being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M101/00 - C10M109/00, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M111/04—Lubrication compositions characterised by the base-material being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M101/00 - C10M109/00, each of these compounds being essential at least one of them being a macromolecular organic compound
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- C10M171/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by purely physical criteria, e.g. containing as base-material, thickener or additive, ingredients which are characterised exclusively by their numerically specified physical properties, i.e. containing ingredients which are physically well-defined but for which the chemical nature is either unspecified or only very vaguely indicated
- C10M171/008—Lubricant compositions compatible with refrigerants
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- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/28—Esters
- C10M2207/281—Esters of (cyclo)aliphatic monocarboxylic acids
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- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
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- C10M2207/282—Esters of (cyclo)aliphatic oolycarboxylic acids
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- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
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- C10M2207/2835—Esters of polyhydroxy compounds used as base material
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- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
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- C10M2207/286—Esters of polymerised unsaturated acids
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- C10M2209/105—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of alkylene oxides containing three carbon atoms only
- C10M2209/1055—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of alkylene oxides containing three carbon atoms only used as base material
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- C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
- C10M2209/106—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of alkylene oxides containing four carbon atoms only
- C10M2209/1065—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of alkylene oxides containing four carbon atoms only used as base material
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- C10M2209/107—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of two or more specified different alkylene oxides covered by groups C10M2209/104 - C10M2209/106
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- C10M2209/107—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of two or more specified different alkylene oxides covered by groups C10M2209/104 - C10M2209/106
- C10M2209/1075—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of two or more specified different alkylene oxides covered by groups C10M2209/104 - C10M2209/106 used as base material
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- C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
- C10M2209/108—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups etherified
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- C10M2209/1095—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups esterified used as base material
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- C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
- C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
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Definitions
- the invention relates to equipment compositions containing lubricants based on polyalkylene glycols, which are used for the lubrication of refrigeration machines, Heat pumps and related equipment, such as air conditioners, using carbon dioxide are operated as refrigerants.
- Carbon dioxide has been used as a refrigeration machine resource since the beginning of modern refrigeration technology.
- the Linde company built the first compression refrigeration machine in 1881 using carbon dioxide as the refrigerant.
- Glycerin was used as the lubricant.
- CFC refrigerants carbon dioxide was hardly used anymore.
- Polypropylene glycols and polyalkylene glycol copolymers containing propylene oxide monomer units have long been known as lubricants.
- EP 0 421 765-A1 describes their compatibility with R134a (1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane) described as refrigeration machine resources. R134a and carbon dioxide are fundamentally different resources. EP 0 421 765-A1 gives no indication of solubility / miscibility, compatibility, thermal and hydrolytic stability of equipment compositions containing polyalkylene glycols and carbon dioxide.
- EP 0 017 172-A1 describes polyalkylene glycol-neopentyl polyol esters mixtures disclosed as a lubricant for compressors.
- EP 0 017 172-A1 gives none Reference to refrigeration machines or the use of lubricants in refrigeration machine resources.
- EP 0 861 883-A2, WO 98/08912, EP 0 908 509-A1, EP 0 844 299-A1 and EP 0 959 121-A1 have an earlier seniority, but are only after the priority date of the present application published and thus as Article 54 (3) documents only to be evaluated in terms of novelty.
- a refrigerant which is in the consists essentially of carbon dioxide
- polyalkyl ken glycols which contain at least 40% propylene oxide monomer units.
- Refrigerants such as fluorine / chlorine or fluorine hydrocarbons have increased operating pressures and operating temperatures (or ⁇ p 's and ⁇ T' s) required high demands on sealing materials, moving parts and lubricants put. This is especially true for refrigeration systems operating in a transcritical Cyclic process operated.
- Polyalkylene glycols have already been used as lubricants for both processes proposed (see e.g. Lubricants for Carbon Dioxide; U. Hesse, H.O.Spauschus in Refrigeration Science and Technology, Proceedings, Aarhus Denmark 3-6 Sept. 1996, ISSN 0 151 163).
- the compression cycle takes place Go through states in which the carbon dioxide as a refrigerant both in the subcritical (subcritical) as well as in supercritical (supercritical) Area.
- CO 2 behaves very differently with regard to the solubility properties.
- Subcritical CO 2 is polar, while CO 2 is non-polar in the supercritical range.
- the polyalkylene glycols according to the invention are soluble in CO 2 for higher mass fractions of lubricants over the entire temperature range from the critical temperature T k to below -55 ° C. With smaller proportions of lubricants, the polyalkylene glycols are no longer or only partially soluble in carbon dioxide.
- the polyalkylene glycols have hydrogen, alkyl, aryl, alkylaryl, aryloxy, Alkoxy, alkylaryloxy and / or hydroxy end groups (c).
- the end groups of the alkyl or aryl type preferably have 1 to 8, particularly preferably 1 to 4, Carbon atoms. In the latter case, these are alkyl and / or alkoxy end groups.
- the polyalkylene glycols according to the invention are thus either homopolymers, namely polypropylene glycol (or polypropylene oxide), or copolymers, terpolymers etc. further containing monomer units of type (b).
- the monomer units can have a statistical distribution or a block structure exhibit.
- the monomer units of type (b) contained at least 5% in the polymer chain.
- the monomer units of type (b) are preferably ethylene oxide and / or butylene oxide units.
- the polyalkylene glycols according to the invention can be obtained by reacting alcohols, including the polyalcohols, as starter compounds with alkylene oxides such as ethylene oxide, propylene oxide and / or butylene oxide. This have only one free hydroxyl group as the end group after the reaction. Polyalkylene glycols with only one hydroxy group are compared to those with two preferred free hydroxyl groups.
- hygroscopicity and compatibility are polyalkylene glycols, e.g. after a further etherification step none free hydroxyl groups have more.
- polyalkylene glycols which average molecular weights of 400 to 3000 g / mol, particularly preferably of Have 1000 to 2000 g / mol.
- the polyalkylene glycols according to the invention are distinguished by densities of more than 940 kg / m 3 , and preferably even more than 1000 kg / m 3 , and moreover surprisingly also have the properties listed above, which are required for use as a refrigerating machine oil in combination with carbon dioxide as a refrigerant are.
- Polyalkylene glycols with a density of over 940 kg / m 3 are particularly suitable under these conditions. Practical tests have shown, however, that those with higher densities, above about 1000 kg / m 3, worked even better. This can be explained by a faster settling of the polyalkylene glycols according to the invention when complete solubility in the carbon dioxide refrigerant is no longer ensured.
- additives customary in the equipment compositions such as Wear improvers, anti-foaming agents, antioxidants such as alkylated phenolic Antioxidants such as especially Irganox® L101, viscosity index improver, Corrosion protection agents or high-pressure additives, such as in particular Phosphate esters may be included.
- esters or ester mixtures are also preferred, independently of one another, whose acid component according to (1) (a), based on the total carboxylic acid group concentration, consists of at least 60 mol% of n-pentanoic acid; whose acid component according to (1) (b) consists predominantly of branched monocarboxylic acids, particularly preferably of 5 to 40 mol% of branched monocarboxylic acids, based on the total carboxylic acid group concentration.
- the acid components remaining for the complete esterification of all hydroxyl groups consist of linear C5 to C10 monocarboxylic acids.
- all the hydroxyl groups of the alcohol component are completely esterified in the ester or the ester mixture.
- the neopentyl glycol esters according to the invention preferably have densities above 940 kg / m 3 , generally even above 1000 kg / m 3 .
- the inventive Polyalkylene glycols used together with neopentyl polyol esters as lubricants which are predominantly, i.e. more than 90%, preferably about 100%, branched C5 to C10 acid groups, particularly preferably branched C8 to C10 acid groups.
- neopentyl polyol esters which are predominantly, i.e. more than 90%, preferably about 100%, branched C5 to C10 acid groups, particularly preferably branched C8 to C10 acid groups.
- the proportion of the polyalkylene glycols according to the invention is preferably at least 20% by weight, particularly preferably at least 40% by weight, based on the Lubricant content (i.e. the lubricants without refrigerants and additives) in the resource composition.
- the percentage of neopentyl polyol esters as Lubricants differ when using lubricant mixtures Compound classes preferably 20 to 60% by weight, particularly preferably 40 to 60% by weight, based in each case on the proportion of lubricant in the equipment composition.
- FIG. 1 shows the viscosity / vapor pressure / temperature behavior of a mixture of carbon dioxide and the polyalkylene glycol Triton GL-220® from DEA Mineraloel AG (butanol-started polypropylene oxide).
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Abstract
Description
- ausgezeichnete thermische und chemische Stabilität
- sehr gute hydrolytische Stabilität
- sehr gute Schmierungseigenschaften
- komplett mischbar in den für die Betriebsmaschinen notwendigen Mischungsverhältnissen
- eine geringe Hygroskopizität
- hohe Verträglichkeit mit Dichtmaterialien und
- gutes Viskositäts-Temperatur-Verhalten.
Claims (15)
- Betriebsmittelzusammensetzungen für Kältemaschinen enthaltend Kohlendioxid als Kältemittel und Polyalkylenglykole bzw. deren Gemische, wobei die Polyalkylenglykole bezogen auf die Polymerkette bestehen aus(a) zu mindestens 40%, vorzugsweise mindestens 60 %, der Monomereinheiten aus Monomereinheiten des Typs -(-CH(CH3)-CH2-O-)- und/oder -(-CH2-CH(CH3)-O-)- und(b) zum verbleibenden Rest aus Monomereinheiten des Typs -(-R-O-)-, wobei R eine lineare oder verzweigte, gesättigte Alkylgruppe mit 2 bis 6 Kohlenstoffatomen ist, gegebenenfalls 1 bis 2 weitere Oxy-Gruppen (-O-) trägt und für jede Monomereinheit verschieden sein kann,(c) Endgruppen aufweisen, die(i) Wasserstoff und/oder Hydroxy-Endgruppen und/oder(ii) Alkyl-, Aryl- Alkylaryl-, Aryloxy-, Alkoxy-, und/oder Alkylaryloxy-Endgruppen sind
- Betriebsmittelzusammensetzung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Betriebsmittelzusammensetzung Polyalkylenglykole bzw. deren Gemische enthalten,
(c) die Endgruppen aufweisen, die(i) Wasserstoff und/oder Hydroxy-Endgruppen und/oder(ii) Alkyl-, Aryl-, Alkylaryl-, Aryloxy-, Alkoxy-, und/oder Alkylaryloxy-Endgruppen mit 1 bis 8, vorzugsweise 1 oder 4 Kohlenstoffatomen sind. - Betriebsmittelzusammensetzung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Betriebsmittelzusammensetzung Polyalkylenglykole bzw. deren Gemische enthalten, deren Monomereinheiten des Typs (b) mindestens 5% der Monomereinheiten des Moleküls ausmachen.
- Betriebsmittelzusammensetzung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Betriebsmittelzusammensetzung Polyalkylenglykole bzw. deren Gemische enthalten, deren Monomereinheiten des Typs (b) Ethylenoxid- und/oder Butylenoxid-Einheiten sind bzw. daraus hergestellt wurden.
- Betriebsmittelzusammensetzung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Betriebsmittelzusammensetzung Polyalkylenglykole bzw. deren Gemische enthält, die pro Molekül nur eine freie Hydroxygruppe aufweisen.
- Betriebsmittelzusammensetzung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Betriebsmittelzusammensetzung Polyalkylenglykole bzw. deren Gemische enthält, die pro Molekül keine freien Hydroxygruppe aufweisen.
- Betriebsmittelzusammensetzung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Betriebsmittelzusammensetzung Polyalkylenglykole bzw. deren Gemische enthält, die ein mittleres Molekulargewicht von 400 bis 3000 g/mol, besonders bevorzugt von 1000 bis 2000 g/mol aufweisen.
- Betriebsmittelzusammensetzung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Betriebsmittelzusammensetzung weiterhin Ester oder ein Estergemisch enthält, wobei die Ester Neopentylpolyolester sind.
- Betriebsmittelzusammensetzung gemäß Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Neopentylpolyolester bestehen aus(1) einer Säurekomponente, wobei die Säurekomponente,(a) bezogen auf die Gesamtcarbonsäuregruppenkonzentration, aus mindestens 40 mol% n-Pentansäure besteht und(b) zu dem verbleibenden Rest aus linearen oder verzweigten C6- bis C10- Monocarbonsäuren und/oder verzweigten C5 - Monocarbonsäuren besteht, und(2) einer Alkoholkomponente mit 4 bis 8 Hydroxygruppen, einem, zwei oder drei quartären Kohlenstoffatomen, 5 bis 21 Kohlenstoffatomen und 0 bis 4 Ether-Bindungen.
- Betriebsmittelzusammensetzung gemäß Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Neopentylpolyolester bestehen aus(1) einer C5- bis C10- Säurekomponente, wobei die Säurekomponente, bezogen auf die Gesamtcarbonsäuregruppenkonzentration, aus mindestens 90 mol% verzweigten Carbonsäuren besteht, und(2) einer Alkoholkomponente mit 4 bis 8 Hydroxygruppen, einem, zwei oder drei quartären Kohlenstoffatomen, 5 bis 21 Kohlenstoffatomen und 0 bis 4 Ether-Bindungen.
- Betriebsmittelzusammensetzung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Betriebsmittelzusammensetzung Polyalkylenglykole oder Polyalkylenglykol/Ester-Gemische, jeweils nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, enthält, die eine Dichte von über 940 kg/m3, vorzugsweise über 1000 kg/m3 aufweisen.
- Betriebsmittelzusammensetzung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Betriebsmittelzusammensetzung ausschließlich Polyalkylenglykole nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7 oder Polyalkylenglykol/Ester-Gemische nach einem der Ansprüche 8 bis 11 als Schmiermittel enthält.
- Verwendung der Polyalkylenglykole oder Polyalkylenglykol/Ester-Gemische gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche als Schmiermittel in Kältemaschinen, die mit Kohlendioxid betrieben werden.
- Verwendung gemäß Anspruch 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Betriebsmittel in einem transkritischen Kreisprozeß geführt wird.
- Verwendung gemäß Anspruch 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Betriebsmittel in einem subkritischen Kreisprozeß geführt wird.
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19719132 | 1997-05-07 | ||
DE19719132A DE19719132A1 (de) | 1997-05-07 | 1997-05-07 | Polyol-Ester als Schmiermittel für CO¶2¶-Kältemaschinen |
DE19719430A DE19719430C1 (de) | 1997-05-12 | 1997-05-12 | Polyalkylenglykole als Schmiermittel für CO¶2¶-Kältemaschinen |
DE19719430 | 1997-05-12 | ||
PCT/DE1998/001196 WO1998050499A2 (de) | 1997-05-07 | 1998-04-29 | Polyalkylenglykole als schmiermittel für co2-kältemaschinen |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0980416A2 EP0980416A2 (de) | 2000-02-23 |
EP0980416B1 true EP0980416B1 (de) | 2003-07-09 |
EP0980416B2 EP0980416B2 (de) | 2009-06-10 |
Family
ID=26036370
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP98932037A Expired - Lifetime EP0980416B2 (de) | 1997-05-07 | 1998-04-29 | Polyalkylenglykole als schmiermittel für co 2-kältemaschinen |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0980416B2 (de) |
AR (1) | AR012666A1 (de) |
AU (1) | AU8208998A (de) |
DE (2) | DE59808991D1 (de) |
DK (1) | DK0980416T4 (de) |
WO (1) | WO1998050499A2 (de) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7811071B2 (en) | 2007-10-24 | 2010-10-12 | Emerson Climate Technologies, Inc. | Scroll compressor for carbon dioxide refrigerant |
US7861541B2 (en) | 2004-07-13 | 2011-01-04 | Tiax Llc | System and method of refrigeration |
Families Citing this family (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
TW546372B (en) | 1998-12-11 | 2003-08-11 | Idemitsu Kosan Co | Refrigerator oil composition, and method of using the composition for lubrication |
TW552302B (en) | 1999-06-21 | 2003-09-11 | Idemitsu Kosan Co | Refrigerator oil for carbon dioxide refrigerant |
JP2001073945A (ja) * | 1999-08-31 | 2001-03-21 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | 密閉型電動圧縮機 |
DE60042754D1 (de) | 1999-12-28 | 2009-09-24 | Idemitsu Kosan Co | Verwendung einer ölzusammensetzung für kohlendioxidkühlmaschine |
MY125381A (en) * | 2000-03-10 | 2006-07-31 | Sanyo Electric Co | Refrigerating device utilizing carbon dioxide as a refrigerant. |
JP2002194368A (ja) * | 2000-10-17 | 2002-07-10 | Nippon Mitsubishi Oil Corp | 冷凍機油 |
DE10209987A1 (de) * | 2002-03-07 | 2003-09-25 | Clariant Gmbh | Thermisch stabile Polyalkylenglykole als Schmiermittel für Kältemaschinen |
JP5779668B2 (ja) * | 2014-01-07 | 2015-09-16 | Jx日鉱日石エネルギー株式会社 | 二酸化炭素冷媒用冷凍機油及び冷凍機用流体組成物 |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1997003153A1 (en) * | 1995-07-10 | 1997-01-30 | Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd. | Refrigerator oil and method for lubricating therewith |
WO1997049787A1 (fr) * | 1996-06-25 | 1997-12-31 | Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd. | Composition d'huile pour refrigerateurs |
WO1998008912A1 (en) * | 1996-08-30 | 1998-03-05 | Imperial Chemical Industries Plc | Refrigerant compositions |
WO1998023710A1 (fr) * | 1996-11-27 | 1998-06-04 | Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd. | Composition d'huile lubrifiante pour refrigerateurs et procede de lubrification a l'aide de cette composition |
EP0861883A2 (de) * | 1997-02-27 | 1998-09-02 | Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd. | Ölzusammensetzung für Kältemaschine |
Family Cites Families (5)
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---|---|---|---|---|
CA1139295A (en) * | 1979-04-02 | 1983-01-11 | Robert Carswell | Rotary screw compressor lubricants |
JP2588287B2 (ja) † | 1989-02-22 | 1997-03-05 | 日本石油株式会社 | 冷凍機油組成物 |
JP2673587B2 (ja) * | 1989-10-03 | 1997-11-05 | 東燃株式会社 | 1.1.1.2―テトラフルオルエタン冷媒を使用する冷凍機用潤滑油 |
GB9516909D0 (en) † | 1995-08-18 | 1995-10-18 | Ici Plc | Refrigerant compositions |
JP3271905B2 (ja) * | 1996-08-06 | 2002-04-08 | 出光興産株式会社 | 冷凍機用潤滑油組成物 |
-
1998
- 1998-04-29 AU AU82089/98A patent/AU8208998A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1998-04-29 DE DE59808991T patent/DE59808991D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-04-29 WO PCT/DE1998/001196 patent/WO1998050499A2/de active IP Right Grant
- 1998-04-29 EP EP98932037A patent/EP0980416B2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-04-29 DE DE19880588T patent/DE19880588D2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-04-29 DK DK98932037T patent/DK0980416T4/da active
- 1998-05-06 AR ARP980102105A patent/AR012666A1/es unknown
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1997003153A1 (en) * | 1995-07-10 | 1997-01-30 | Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd. | Refrigerator oil and method for lubricating therewith |
WO1997049787A1 (fr) * | 1996-06-25 | 1997-12-31 | Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd. | Composition d'huile pour refrigerateurs |
WO1998008912A1 (en) * | 1996-08-30 | 1998-03-05 | Imperial Chemical Industries Plc | Refrigerant compositions |
WO1998023710A1 (fr) * | 1996-11-27 | 1998-06-04 | Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd. | Composition d'huile lubrifiante pour refrigerateurs et procede de lubrification a l'aide de cette composition |
EP0861883A2 (de) * | 1997-02-27 | 1998-09-02 | Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd. | Ölzusammensetzung für Kältemaschine |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7861541B2 (en) | 2004-07-13 | 2011-01-04 | Tiax Llc | System and method of refrigeration |
US7811071B2 (en) | 2007-10-24 | 2010-10-12 | Emerson Climate Technologies, Inc. | Scroll compressor for carbon dioxide refrigerant |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DK0980416T4 (da) | 2009-10-12 |
EP0980416A2 (de) | 2000-02-23 |
EP0980416B2 (de) | 2009-06-10 |
AR012666A1 (es) | 2000-11-08 |
DK0980416T3 (da) | 2003-10-20 |
WO1998050499A3 (de) | 1999-02-04 |
DE59808991D1 (de) | 2003-08-14 |
WO1998050499A2 (de) | 1998-11-12 |
AU8208998A (en) | 1998-11-27 |
DE19880588D2 (de) | 2000-04-13 |
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