EP0980295B1 - Method and device for producing slabs of steel - Google Patents

Method and device for producing slabs of steel Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0980295B1
EP0980295B1 EP98932038A EP98932038A EP0980295B1 EP 0980295 B1 EP0980295 B1 EP 0980295B1 EP 98932038 A EP98932038 A EP 98932038A EP 98932038 A EP98932038 A EP 98932038A EP 0980295 B1 EP0980295 B1 EP 0980295B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
throat gap
adjusters
strand
gap
fact
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EP98932038A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0980295A1 (en
Inventor
Horst Von Wyl
Ingo Schubert
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SMS Siemag AG
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SMS Demag AG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/12—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ
    • B22D11/1206—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ for plastic shaping of strands
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/12—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ
    • B22D11/128—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ for removing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/16—Controlling or regulating processes or operations
    • B22D11/20—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for removing cast stock

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing slabs from steel, in which one strand is a mold with liquid melt enclosed by the strand shell leaves and in a downstream strand guide the mouth width of in scaffolding stored guide rollers through lower and upper frame connecting Adjusting elements is continuously adjusted, and an associated device for this.
  • DE 26 12 094 C2 describes a device for changing the distance from one another opposite frame or pair connected by tie rods Scaffolding parts of a strand guide are known, in which bushes are provided which Are rotatable with the help of pressure cylinders.
  • the movable frame parts are through Printing cylinder connected, being between the movable frame part and the interchangeable spacers for the purpose of setting a predeterminable Roller distance can be used.
  • the main aim of the subject of this patent is only sufficient contact pressure for apply the transport of the strand or adjust the mouth width.
  • the invention has set itself the goal of creating a method and a device with which the mouth width can be adjusted exactly over the entire strand guide with simple means and, moreover, the current position of the Let the bottom of the sump be determined within the slab. Furthermore, the device should be able to safely guide the cold strand with a simple structure.
  • the invention achieves the aim by the features of method claim 1 and Device claim 6.
  • an oscillation variable is selected that the dynamic influences on the relatively thin strand shell after leaving the mold negligibly small.
  • the amplitude of the oscillating jaw width is one size set, which prevents plastic deformation of the strand shell.
  • the current jaw width is recorded via displacement measuring elements and fed to a computer.
  • the actuating force of the adjusting elements for continuously changing the jaw width is determined and also fed to the computer.
  • the amplitude is monitored by means of a computer program and, as the amplitude of the actuating force increases, the jaw width is set to a predeterminable dimension and / or the jaw width of the guide rollers is guided in a pressure-controlled manner via at least one of the adjusting elements which continuously adjust the jaw width.
  • the amplitude of the actuating force is a measure of the solidification of the strand. That is, a relatively small amplitude of the actuating force is encountered when the Strand shell is still thin and a large liquid sump is present. The Amplitude reaches its greatest value when the strand is solidified.
  • the optimal jaw width in the Set the way that the oscillation detects whether the trend towards the larger one or to the smaller mouth width away from the optimal mouth width then occurs with counteract specific measures.
  • the actuating force F is in the form of the internal width s a hysteresis curve.
  • the deformation work of a segment during the stroke, i.e. the area within the hysteresis curve can be evaluated using evaluation software calculated and the strand consistency can be concluded.
  • the Overall, the hysteresis curve has a relatively small area when the shell is still thin and the swamp is relatively large.
  • the hysteresis curve shows a relatively large one Surface when the shell continues to grow and the sump volume decreases.
  • the Hysteresis takes a particularly slim form when the strand is complete is completely frozen.
  • the invention enables an optimization of the production performance in qualitative and achieved in quantitative terms, namely in terms of qualitative optimization through always optimally implemented soft reduction (locally, dynamic soft reduction) and in terms of quantitative optimization of production performance through the possibility of being able to make maximum use of the machine length at at the same time high operational reliability.
  • thermal tracking software in your Accuracy can be improved significantly.
  • FIG. 1 shows the diagram of a continuous casting plant with a mold 11, at the mouth of which a slab B emerges and is guided by stands 21.1 to 21.5.
  • the slab the strand shell of which gradually solidifies, there is a sump S up to a sump tip S s .
  • adjustment elements 31 are only shown in the framework 21.4.
  • a scaffold 21 which has an upper frame 22 and a lower frame 23, the adjustment elements 31 the mouth width between the guide rollers 24 arranged on them determine.
  • One of the guide rollers is a drive roller 25, whose function in the Figure 5 is described in more detail.
  • the adjustment elements have a tie rod 32, which is regularly in the subframe 23 is attached and has at its opposite end a piston 33 which in a cylinder 34 is guided.
  • the individual stands 21 have at least four Adjustment elements 31, the cylinders 34 of which are connected to an actuator 35.
  • the adjustment element 31 with a displacement measuring element equipped, which is connected to a displacement sensor, which metrologically connected to a computer.
  • the cylinder 34 has a pressure measuring element 43 equipped, which is connected to a pressure transducer 44, which is also on the computer is metrologically connected.
  • the computer 45 works in terms of control together with the actuator 35.
  • the actuator is connected to an oscillator.
  • the mouth width is plotted against time in the upper part of the picture.
  • the desired slab thickness (center line c) Width of mouth changed. In the present case it is a sine wave. But there are other forms of vibration possible and provided.
  • the positioning force F is plotted against time in the lower part of the picture. In the left part of the picture, the positioning force has a relatively small amplitude. Has in the right part the amplitude of the positioning force increases significantly.
  • the swamp of type ⁇ has a thin shell with one swamp less Viscosity, the type ⁇ a much thicker shell and at the same time a sump with high viscosity and the type ⁇ is completely solidified.
  • the image representations shown here show a uniform distribution of the hysteresis and thus the optimal mouth width once s ⁇ or also s ⁇ .
  • FIG. 5 shows a scaffold in three different operating states.
  • the Item numbers correspond to those already listed in the pictures above.
  • the upper part of the picture is the normal casting operation, with one on all cylinders Position control is carried out.
  • the scaffold entry is on Provided a drivable guide roller in the upper frame.
  • the operation is shown when the strand has solidified.
  • the im Area of the drivable guide roller arranged for the cylinder Adjustment elements are pressure-controlled and the cylinders shown downstream are position controlled.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)
  • Metal Rolling (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
  • Coating With Molten Metal (AREA)
  • Cell Electrode Carriers And Collectors (AREA)
  • Basic Packing Technique (AREA)
  • Conveying And Assembling Of Building Elements In Situ (AREA)

Abstract

A a process for producing slabs from steel, in which the strand leaves a permanent mold with liquid melt enclosed by the strand shell and, in a downstream strand guiding assembly, the gap between guide rollers mounted in stands is set infinitely variably by adjusting elements connecting lower and upper frames, characterized by the following steps:a) the gap(s) is changed by an oscillation about a predeteminable center line (c) of the gap in such a way that the dynamic influences on the guide rollers are negligible, and no plastic deformation of the strand shell occurs;b) the current gap (s) is recorded,c) at the same time, the actuating force (F) of the adjusting elements and the amplitude (A) of the actuating force are determined, andd) with increasing amplitude (A) of the actuating force (F), the gap (s) is set to a predeterminable value and/or is pressure-controlled by at least one adjusting element.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Erzeugen von Brammen aus Stahl, bei dem ein Strang eine Kokille mit von der Strangschale umschlossener Flüssigschmelze verläßt und in einer nachgeschalteten Strangführung die Maulweite von in Gerüsten gelagerten Führungsrollen durch Unter- und Oberrahmen verbindende Verstellelemente stufenlos eingestellt wird, und eine zugehörige Vorrichtung dazu.The invention relates to a method for producing slabs from steel, in which one strand is a mold with liquid melt enclosed by the strand shell leaves and in a downstream strand guide the mouth width of in scaffolding stored guide rollers through lower and upper frame connecting Adjusting elements is continuously adjusted, and an associated device for this.

Aus DE 26 12 094 C2 ist eine Vorrichtung zum Ändem des Abstandes einander paarweise gegenüberliegender durch Zuganker verbundener Rahmen- bzw. Gerüstteile einer Strangführung bekannt, bei denen Büchsen vorgesehen sind, die mit Hilfe von Druckzylindern verdrehbar sind. Die beweglichen Rahmenteile sind durch Druckzylinder verbunden, wobei zwischen den beweglichen Rahmenteil und den inneren Büchsen austauschbare Distanzstücke zwecks Einstellung eines vorgebbaren Rollenabstandes einsetzbar sind. An dieser Ausführungsform kann auch eine stufenlose Einstellung des Abstandes der Führungsrollen durchgeführt werden.DE 26 12 094 C2 describes a device for changing the distance from one another opposite frame or pair connected by tie rods Scaffolding parts of a strand guide are known, in which bushes are provided which Are rotatable with the help of pressure cylinders. The movable frame parts are through Printing cylinder connected, being between the movable frame part and the interchangeable spacers for the purpose of setting a predeterminable Roller distance can be used. In this embodiment, a stepless adjustment of the distance between the guide rollers.

In nachteiliger Weise ist die Verstellung der Maulweite durch die Verdrehung der Büchsen nur in sehr begrenztem Weg möglich. Darüber hinaus ist während des Verstellvorganges ein erheblicher mechanischer Verschleiß zu erwarten.
Ein Rückschluß auf die Klemmkraft ist mit diesen bekannten Hydraulikklemmzylinder nicht möglich, da ein Teil der Klemmkraft von den sogenannten Spacern aufgenommen wird.The adjustment of the mouth width by turning the bushes is disadvantageously possible only in a very limited way. In addition, considerable mechanical wear is to be expected during the adjustment process.
A conclusion about the clamping force is not possible with these known hydraulic clamping cylinders, since part of the clamping force is absorbed by the so-called spacers.

Aus US 3,891,025 sind Stranggießgerüste bekannt, die hydraulisch verstellbar sind und deren Maulweite über Positionsmesser erfaßt wird und eine Servoeinheit einstellbar ist. Continuous casting stands which are hydraulically adjustable are known from US Pat. No. 3,891,025 and the jaw width is detected by position sensors and a servo unit adjustable is.

Wesentliches Ziel des Gegenstandes dieses Patentes ist lediglich, genügend Anpreßkraft für den Transport des Stranges aufzubringen bzw. die Maulweite einzustellen.The main aim of the subject of this patent is only sufficient contact pressure for apply the transport of the strand or adjust the mouth width.

Aus DE-OS 24 44 443 ist ein Verfahren zum Stranggießen einer Stahlschmelze bekannt, bei dem die Dickenänderung des Gußstückes ermittelt wird und mit einem bestimmten
Bezugswert verglichen, um auf diese Weise die Ziehgeschwindigkeit und/oder die Menge des sekundären Kühlwassers zu steuern.From DE-OS 24 44 443 a method for the continuous casting of a molten steel is known, in which the change in thickness of the casting is determined and with a certain one
Reference value compared to control the drawing speed and / or the amount of secondary cooling water.

Die Praxis hat gezeigt, daß ein solches Verfahren zur Sumpfspitzendetektion nur bei einer geometrisch idealen Anlage und einer ganz bestimmten Gießgeschwindigkeit sowie Kühlung einsetzbar ist. Im rauhen Hüttenbetrieb ist aber eine Anlage bezüglich der Maulweite nicht exakt einrichtbar bzw. es kommt zu thermischen Verformungen in den Segmenten oder zu einer nicht exakten Fahrweise der Anlage mit der Folge, daß die ermittelten
Dickenänderungen insbesondere im Bereich der Sumpfspitze erheblichen Schwankungen unterliegen.Practice has shown that such a method for bottom tip detection can only be used with a geometrically ideal system and a very specific casting speed and cooling. In rough metallurgical operation, however, a system cannot be set up precisely with regard to the jaw width or there is thermal deformation in the segments or the system does not operate exactly, with the result that the determined
Thickness changes, particularly in the area of the swamp tip, are subject to considerable fluctuations.

In Kenntnis der o.g. Schwierigkeiten hat sich die Erfindung das Ziel gesetzt, ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zu schaffen, mit der die Maulweite mit einfachen Mitteln exakt über die gesamte Strangführung einstellbar ist und darüber hinaus sich die aktuelle Position der
Sumpfspitze innerhalb der Bramme bestimmen läßt. Weiterhin soll die Vorrichtung bei einfachem Aufbau in der Lage sein, den Kaltstrang sicher zu führen.Knowing the above-mentioned difficulties, the invention has set itself the goal of creating a method and a device with which the mouth width can be adjusted exactly over the entire strand guide with simple means and, moreover, the current position of the
Let the bottom of the sump be determined within the slab. Furthermore, the device should be able to safely guide the cold strand with a simple structure.

Die Erfindung erreicht das Ziel durch die Merkmale des Verfahrensanspruchs 1 und des Vorrichtungsanspruchs 6.The invention achieves the aim by the features of method claim 1 and Device claim 6.

Erfindungsgemäß wird die Maulweite mit einer Oszillation um eine vorgebbare Mittellinie der angestrebten Brammendicke geändert. Hierbei wird eine Oszillationsgröße gewählt, die die dynamischen Einflüße auf die nach Verlassen der Kokille noch relativ dünne Strangschale vemachlässigbar klein hält. Die Amplitude der oszillierenden Maulweite wird in einer Größe eingestellt, die eine plastische Verformung der Strangschale verhindert. According to the mouth width with an oscillation around a predetermined center line target slab thickness changed. Here, an oscillation variable is selected that the dynamic influences on the relatively thin strand shell after leaving the mold negligibly small. The amplitude of the oscillating jaw width is one size set, which prevents plastic deformation of the strand shell.

Über Wegmeßelemente wird die aktuelle Maulweite erfaßt und einem Rechner zugeführt. Gleichzeitig wird die Stellkraft der Verstellelemente zur stufenlosen Änderung der Maulweite ermittelt und ebenfalls dem Rechner zugeführt.
Über ein Rechenprogramm wird die Amplitude überwacht und bei steigender Amplitude der Stellkraft wird die Maulweite auf ein vorgebbares Maß eingestellt und/oder die Maulweite der Führungsrollen wird über mindestens eins der die Maulweite stufenlos einstellenden Verstellelemente druckgeregelt geführt.The current jaw width is recorded via displacement measuring elements and fed to a computer. At the same time, the actuating force of the adjusting elements for continuously changing the jaw width is determined and also fed to the computer.
The amplitude is monitored by means of a computer program and, as the amplitude of the actuating force increases, the jaw width is set to a predeterminable dimension and / or the jaw width of the guide rollers is guided in a pressure-controlled manner via at least one of the adjusting elements which continuously adjust the jaw width.

Die Amplitude der Stellkraft ist dabei ein Maß für die Durcherstarrung des Stranges. Das heißt, es wird eine relativ kleine Amplitude der Stellkraft angetroffen, wenn die Strangschale noch dünn ist und ein großer flüssiger Sumpf vorhanden ist. Die Amplitude erreicht ihren größten Wert, wenn der Strang durcherstarrt ist.The amplitude of the actuating force is a measure of the solidification of the strand. That is, a relatively small amplitude of the actuating force is encountered when the Strand shell is still thin and a large liquid sump is present. The Amplitude reaches its greatest value when the strand is solidified.

Mit der Erfassung der Amplitude der Steilkraft ist somit ein sicheres Maß gegeben, die aktuelle Lage der Sumpfspitze zu erfassen und eine dynamische Softreduktion durchzuführen.With the detection of the amplitude of the steep force, a certain measure is thus given to record the current position of the swamp tip and a dynamic soft reduction perform.

Im Rechner wird weiterhin die Maulweite und die Stellkraft in Beziehung gebracht. Dabei hat sich gezeigt, daß bei einer Abweichung von der optimalen Maulweite sich folgendes Bild ergibt:

  • ist die Maulweite kleiner als das Optimum, erhöht sich die Kantenpressung der Bramme mit der Folge, daß die Stellkraft steigt
  • ist die Maulweite größer als das Optimum, tritt keine Kantenpressung auf und der Strang baucht aus, wobei die Stellkraft insgesamt einen niedrigeren Wert einnimmt.
The jaw width and the actuating force are still related in the computer. It has been shown that the following picture results when there is a deviation from the optimal mouth width:
  • If the jaw width is smaller than the optimum, the edge pressure of the slab increases, with the result that the positioning force increases
  • If the mouth width is larger than the optimum, there is no edge pressure and the strand bulges, whereby the actuating force takes on a lower value overall.

In erster Näherung läßt sich dies bei der quasi statischen Messung in zwei einfachen Kurven F1 und F2 darstellen, die insgesamt eine Form eines Winkels mit zwei Schenkeln darstellt. Bei der optimalen Maulweite ist auch die optimale Pressungsverteilung auf die Strangschale und den von ihr umhüllten flüssigen Sumpf anzutreffen. In a first approximation, this can be shown in the quasi-static measurement in two simple curves F 1 and F 2 , which overall represents a shape of an angle with two legs. With the optimal mouth width, the optimal pressure distribution can also be found on the strand shell and the liquid sump enveloped by it.

Durch die aktuelle Erfassung der Stellkraft läßt sich die optimale Maulweite in der Weise einstellen, daß durch die Oszillation erkannt wird, ob der Trend zur größeren oder zur kleineren Maulweite weg von der optimalen Maulweite auftritt um dann mit gezielten Maßnahmen dagegenzusteuem.Through the current recording of the positioning force, the optimal jaw width in the Set the way that the oscillation detects whether the trend towards the larger one or to the smaller mouth width away from the optimal mouth width then occurs with counteract specific measures.

Bei der dynamischen Messung verhält sich die Stellkraft F zur Maulweite s in Form einer Hysteresekurve. Die Verformungsarbeit eines Segmentes während des Hubes, d.h. die Fläche innerhalb der Hysteresekurve, kann mit einer Auswertesoftware errechnet und es kann auf die Strangkonsistenz geschlossen werden. Die Hysteresekurve hat insgesamt eine relativ kleine Fläche, wenn die Schale noch dünn ist und der Sumpf dabei relativ groß ist. Die Hysteresekurve weist eine relativ große Fläche auf, wenn die Schale weiterhin wächst und das Sumpfvolumen abnimmt. Die Hysterese nimmt eine besonders schlanke Form ein, wenn der Strang vollständig durcherstarrt ist.In the dynamic measurement, the actuating force F is in the form of the internal width s a hysteresis curve. The deformation work of a segment during the stroke, i.e. the area within the hysteresis curve can be evaluated using evaluation software calculated and the strand consistency can be concluded. The Overall, the hysteresis curve has a relatively small area when the shell is still thin and the swamp is relatively large. The hysteresis curve shows a relatively large one Surface when the shell continues to grow and the sump volume decreases. The Hysteresis takes a particularly slim form when the strand is complete is completely frozen.

Durch die Erfindung wird eine Optimierung der Produktionsleistung in qualitativer und quantitativer Hinsicht erreicht, und zwar bezüglich der qualitiven Optimierung durch stets optimal durchgeführte Soft-Reduction (örtlich gesehen, dynamische Soft-Reduction) und bezüglich der quantitativen Optimierung der Produktionsleistung durch die Möglichkeit, die Maschinenlänge maximal ausnutzen zu können, bei gleichzeitig hoher Betriebssicherheit.The invention enables an optimization of the production performance in qualitative and achieved in quantitative terms, namely in terms of qualitative optimization through always optimally implemented soft reduction (locally, dynamic soft reduction) and in terms of quantitative optimization of production performance through the possibility of being able to make maximum use of the machine length at at the same time high operational reliability.

Im übrigen sind bei der Verwendung einer weggesteuerten Hydraulik keine weiteren mechanischen Bauteile erforderlich.For the rest, when using path-controlled hydraulics, there are no more mechanical components required.

Darüber hinaus kann ggf. vorhandene sogenannte Thermal-Tracking-Software in ihrer Genauigkeit erheblich verbessert werden. In addition, there may be so-called thermal tracking software in your Accuracy can be improved significantly.

Ein Beispiel der Erfindung ist in der beiliegenden Zeichnung dargelegt. Es zeigt:

Fig. 1
das Schema der Stranggießeinrichtung,
Fig. 2
die Abhängigkeit der Maulweite bzw. der Stellkraft über der Zeit,
Fig. 3
die Abhängigkeit der Stellkraft über der Maulweite,
Fig. 4
die Ausbildung der Hysteresekurve und
Fig. 5
Gerüste in verschiedenen Betriebszuständen
An example of the invention is set out in the accompanying drawing. It shows:
Fig. 1
the diagram of the continuous caster,
Fig. 2
the dependence of the jaw width or the actuating force over time,
Fig. 3
the dependence of the actuating force over the jaw width,
Fig. 4
the formation of the hysteresis curve and
Fig. 5
Scaffolds in various operating states

Die Figur 1 zeigt im oberen Teil des Bildes das Schema einer Stranggießantage mit einer Kokille 11, an deren Mündung eine Bramme B austritt und von Gerüsten 21.1 bis 21.5 geführt wird. In der Bramme, deren Strangschale allmählich erstarrt, befindet sich ein Sumpf S bis hin zu einer Sumpfspitze Ss. Der Einfachheit halber sind nur bei dem Gerüst 21.4 Verstellelemente 31 dargestellt.In the upper part of the figure, FIG. 1 shows the diagram of a continuous casting plant with a mold 11, at the mouth of which a slab B emerges and is guided by stands 21.1 to 21.5. In the slab, the strand shell of which gradually solidifies, there is a sump S up to a sump tip S s . For the sake of simplicity, adjustment elements 31 are only shown in the framework 21.4.

Im unteren Teil des Bildes ist das Schema eines Gerüstes 21 aufgezeigt, welches einen Oberrahmen 22 und einen Unterrahmen 23 besitzt, die über Verstellelemente 31 die Maulweite zwischen den an ihnen angeordneten Führungsrollen 24 bestimmen. Eine der Führungsrollen ist eine Antriebsrolle 25, deren Funktion in der Figur 5 noch näher beschrieben wird.In the lower part of the picture, the diagram of a scaffold 21 is shown, which has an upper frame 22 and a lower frame 23, the adjustment elements 31 the mouth width between the guide rollers 24 arranged on them determine. One of the guide rollers is a drive roller 25, whose function in the Figure 5 is described in more detail.

Die Verstellelemente weisen eine Zugstange 32 auf, die regelmäßig im Unterrahmen 23 befestigt ist und an ihrem entgegengesetzten Ende einen Kolben 33 besitzt, der in einem Zylinder 34 geführt wird. Die einzelnen Gerüste 21 besitzen mindestens vier Verstellelemente 31, deren Zylinder 34 mit einem Aktuator 35 in Verbindung stehen.The adjustment elements have a tie rod 32, which is regularly in the subframe 23 is attached and has at its opposite end a piston 33 which in a cylinder 34 is guided. The individual stands 21 have at least four Adjustment elements 31, the cylinders 34 of which are connected to an actuator 35.

Im linken Teil der Skizze ist das Verstellelement 31 mit einem Wegmeßelement ausgerüstet, das mit einem Wegmeßaufnehmer in Verbindung steht, welcher meßtechnisch mit einem Rechner verbunden ist. In the left part of the sketch is the adjustment element 31 with a displacement measuring element equipped, which is connected to a displacement sensor, which metrologically connected to a computer.

Im rechten Teil der Skizze ist der Zylinder 34 mit einem Druckmeßelement 43 ausgerüstet, welches mit einem Druckaufnehmer 44 verbunden ist, der ebenfalls an dem Rechner meßtechnisch angeschlossen ist. Der Rechner 45 arbeitet steuerungsmäßig mit dem Aktuator 35 zusammen.In the right part of the sketch, the cylinder 34 has a pressure measuring element 43 equipped, which is connected to a pressure transducer 44, which is also on the computer is metrologically connected. The computer 45 works in terms of control together with the actuator 35.

Darüber hinaus ist der Aktuator mit einem Oszillator verbunden.In addition, the actuator is connected to an oscillator.

In der Figur 2 ist im oberen Teil des Bildes die Maulweite über der Zeit aufgetragen. Mit einem Oszillator wird um die angestrebte Brammendicke (Mittellinie c) die Maulweite geändert. Im vorliegenden Fall ist es eine Sinus-Schwingung. Es sind aber auch andere Schwingungs-Formen möglich und vorgesehen.In Figure 2, the mouth width is plotted against time in the upper part of the picture. With an oscillator, the desired slab thickness (center line c) Width of mouth changed. In the present case it is a sine wave. But there are other forms of vibration possible and provided.

Im unteren Teil des Bildes ist die Stellkraft F über der Zeit aufgetragen. Im linken Teil des Bildes weist die Stellkraft eine relativ kleine Amplitude auf. Im rechten Teil hat sich die Amplitude der Stellkraft deutlich vergrößert.The positioning force F is plotted against time in the lower part of the picture. In the left part of the picture, the positioning force has a relatively small amplitude. Has in the right part the amplitude of the positioning force increases significantly.

In der Figur 3 ist die Abhängigkeit der Stellkraft über der Maulweite dargestellt. Es zeigt sich, daß in erster Näherung zwei Kurven, bzw. in der stärksten Vereinfachung zwei Geraden, und zwar F1 = a - m1 • s und F2 = b - m2 • s mittels eines Rechners darzustellen sind. Da beide Kurven unterschiedliche Steigungen besitzen, schneiden sie sich in einem Punkt P.FIG. 3 shows the dependence of the actuating force over the jaw width. It turns out that in a first approximation two curves, or in the strongest simplification two straight lines, namely F 1 = a - m 1 • s and F 2 = b - m 2 • s are to be represented by means of a computer. Since both curves have different slopes, they intersect at a point P.

In einer weiteren Näherung zeigt sich bei der Abhängigkeit Stellkraft F/Maulweite S eine Hysterese, die im wesentlichen die Form eines Winkels mit zwei Schenkein besitzt mit einem Scheitelpunkt P. Im Bereich des Punktes wird die optimale Maulweite erwartet.In a further approximation, the dependence of actuating force F / jaw width S can be seen a hysteresis that is essentially the shape of an angle with two legs has an apex P. In the area of the point is the optimal Mouth width expected.

Sollte sich bei der Auswertung während des Betriebes zeigen, daß die Hysteresekurve an einem Schenkel F1 oder F2 entlang wandert, so sind Maßnahmen zu treffen, daß beide Schenkel in etwa wieder gleiche Größe aufweisen und daß sich ihr Schnittpunkt bzw. der Knickpunkt der Hysterese im Bereich des Punktes P, also nahe des Optimums der Maulweite befinden.If the evaluation shows during operation that the hysteresis curve travels along a leg F 1 or F 2 , measures must be taken that the two legs are approximately the same size again and that their point of intersection or the point of breakage of the hysteresis are in the area of point P, i.e. close to the optimum of the mouth width.

Sollte die Bildauswertung zeigen, daß die Hysterese keinen Knickpunkt mehr aufweist und somit aus einem Schenkel des Winkels F1 bzw. F2 entlang gewandert sein, so sind Maßnahmen in Form und Richtung der Maulweite zu treffen, damit die Hysterese möglichst gleichmäßig zu beiden Seiten des Punktes P sich befindet.If the image evaluation shows that the hysteresis no longer has an inflection point and thus has migrated from one leg of the angle F 1 or F 2 , measures in the form and direction of the mouth width must be taken so that the hysteresis is as uniform as possible on both sides of the Point P is.

In der Figur 4 ist die Abhängigkeit der Stellkraft über der Maulweite noch weiter verfeinert worden. In Abhängigkeit von der Sumpfgröße entwickelt sich die Hysterese von Typ α über den Typ β bis zur Durcherstarrung Typ γ.In Figure 4, the dependence of the actuating force over the mouth width is even further been refined. The hysteresis develops depending on the size of the sump from type α to type β to solidification type γ.

So weist der Sumpf des Typs α eine dünne Schale auf mit einem Sumpf geringer Viskosität, der Typ β eine deutlich dickere Schale und gleichzeitig einen Sumpf mit hoher Viskosität auf und der Typ γ ist insgesamt durcherstarrt.The swamp of type α has a thin shell with one swamp less Viscosity, the type β a much thicker shell and at the same time a sump with high viscosity and the type γ is completely solidified.

Die hier aufgeführten Bilddarstellungen zeigen bei den Hysteresen eine gleichmäßige Verteilung und somit die optimale Maulweite einmal sα oder auch sβ an.The image representations shown here show a uniform distribution of the hysteresis and thus the optimal mouth width once s α or also s β .

Die tatsächliche während des Betriebes erkennbaren Formen der Hysteresen lassen somit die Abweichung von der optimalen Maulweite erkennen und die korrekten Maßnahmen in Abhängigkei des Grades und der Richtung der Verstellung der Maulweite anpassen. Femer können Rückschlüsse auf den Erstarrungsgrad getroffen werden.Leave the actual forms of hysteresis recognizable during operation thus recognize the deviation from the optimal mouth width and the correct one Measures depending on the degree and direction of adjustment of the Adjust mouth width. Furthermore, conclusions can be drawn about the degree of solidification become.

Die Figur 5 zeigt ein Gerüst in drei verschiedenen Betriebszuständen. Die Positionsziffern entsprechen den in den vorderen Bildern bereits aufgeführten. Im oberen Teil des Bildes ist der normale Gießbetrieb, bei dem an allen Zylindern eine Positionsregelung durchgeführt wird. Im vorliegenden Beispiel ist am Gerüsteintritt am Oberrahmen eine antreibbare Führungsrolle vorgesehen.FIG. 5 shows a scaffold in three different operating states. The Item numbers correspond to those already listed in the pictures above. in the The upper part of the picture is the normal casting operation, with one on all cylinders Position control is carried out. In this example, the scaffold entry is on Provided a drivable guide roller in the upper frame.

Im mittleren Teil ist der Betrieb bei durcherstarrtem Strang dargestellt. Hier sind die im Bereich der antreibbaren Führungsrolle angeordneten Zylinder für die Verstellelemente druckgeregelt und die strangabwärts dargestellten Zylinder sind positionsgeregelt.In the middle part, the operation is shown when the strand has solidified. Here are the im Area of the drivable guide roller arranged for the cylinder Adjustment elements are pressure-controlled and the cylinders shown downstream are position controlled.

Im unteren Teil der Figur 5 wird zum Transport des Kaltstranges der Oberrahmen des Gerüstes in der Weise schräggestellt, daß die Antriebsrolle über die in seiner Nähe angeordneten Verstellelemente durch Druckregelung der Zylinder unmittelbaren Kontakt mit dem Kaltstrang hat und die Zylinder der Verstellelemente, die von der Antriebsrolle entfernt angeordnet sind, positionsgeregelt werden. Dabei wird ihre Position so eingestellt, daß sie während des Transportes des Kaltstranges keinen Kontakt zu diesem besitzen. In the lower part of Figure 5, the upper frame of the Scaffolding inclined in such a way that the drive roller over that in its vicinity arranged adjustment elements by pressure control of the cylinder immediate Has contact with the cold run and the cylinders of the adjusting elements, which are by the Drive roller are arranged away, position controlled. Her will Position adjusted so that it does not have any during the transport of the cold strand Have contact with him.

PositionslistePosition list

SchmelzenzufuhrMelt supply

1111
KokilleMold

StrangführungStrand guide

2121
Gerüstframework
2222
OberrahmenTop frame
2323
UnterrahmenSubframe
2424th
StrangführungsrolleStrand guide roller
2525th
AntriebsrolleDrive roller

Verstellungadjustment

3131
VerstellelementeAdjustment elements
3232
Zugstangepull bar
3333
Kolbenpiston
3434
Zylindercylinder
3535
AktuatorActuator

Meß- und RegeleinrichtungMeasuring and control device

4141
WegmeßelementPosition measuring element
4242
WegmesserOdometer
4343
DruckmeßelementPressure measuring element
4444
DruckaufnehmerPressure transducer
4545
Rechnercomputer
4646
Oszillatoroscillator
BB
BrammeSlab
SS
Sumpfswamp
SS S S
SumpfspitzeSwamp tip
α, β, γα, β, γ
HystereseformenForms of hysteresis

Claims (9)

  1. Process for producing slabs of steel, in which a strand leaves a mould with a liquid molten mass surrounded by the strand shell; and in a subsequent strand guide unit the throat gap of guide rollers held within frames is adjusted by means of infinitely variable adjusters which connect the upper and lower frames,
    characterised by the following steps:
    a) the throat gap (s) is altered, by oscillation at a presettable amplitude (A sol) about a presettable centre line (c) of the throat gap while the strand is being drawn out of the mould, in such a way that the dynamic effects on the guide rollers on the strand shell are negligible and that there is no plastic deformation of the strand shell,
    b) the actual throat gap (s) is registered,
    c) the controlling force (F) of the adjusters and the amplitude (A ist) of the controlling force are established at the same time, and
    d) as the amplitude (A ist) of the controlling force (F) increases, the throat gap (s) is adjusted to a presettable level and/or is controlled by at least one adjuster by means of pressure control.
  2. Process as in Claim 1,
    characterised by the fact that
    the frequency (f) of the throat gap oscillation = 0.05 - 5.0 Hertz.
  3. Process as in Claim 1,
    characterised by the fact
    that the actual controlling force (F) is recorded by computer, and is processed in such a way that the controlling force (F) takes, at the first approximation, in dependence on the actual throat gap (s), the form of two curves: F1 = a - m1 · s F2 = b - m2 · s which are in the form of an angle with two sides of differing gradients intersecting at P, and
    that the throat gap (s) is adjusted in accordance with the progression of the ratio F = F(s) in such a way that the proportions relating to the sides F1 and F2 of the angle are kept substantially equal in size.
  4. Process as in Claim 3,
    characterised by the fact
    that side F1 corresponds to a smaller optimum throat gap (s) F1 = a - m1 · s
    and side F2 to a larger optimum throat gap (s) F2 = b - m2 · s
    than that represented at the point of intersection P, and
    that the degree and direction of the throat gap setting (s) are amended in dependence on the progression of the ratio F = f(s).
  5. Process as in Claim 4 or 3,
    characterised by the fact
    that the progression of the controlling force (F) at the second approximation is in the form of a hysteresis,
    that the expansion of the controlling force (F) [acts], in relation to a related throat gap (s), as a measure of the viscosity of the liquid crater inside the slab, and
    that, on the basis of the viscosity ascertained, conclusions may be drawn as to the position of the crater tip, and the throat gap settings adjusted.
  6. Continuous casting device for the production of slabs of steel, having a mould and a subsequent strand guide unit with a framework with upper and lower frames, on which there are guide rollers, the throat gap of which can be adjusted in an infinitely variable manner by means of the adjusters which link the frames, for the purpose of implementing the process as in Claim 1,
    characterised by the fact
    that there are distance sensors (42) and pressure sensors (44) which record the controlling force of the adjusters (31), and by means of which the throat gap (5) of the guide rollers (24) can be registered,
    that the distance sensors (42) are linked to a computer (45) which is connected to an actuator (35), with which the adjusters (31) for setting the throat gap can be operated in terms of both distance and/or pressure control, and
    that there is an oscillator (46), with which the adjusters (31) can be activated into an oscillation beyond the sympathetic vibration to the strand frames (21).
  7. Continuous casting device as in Claim 6,
    characterised by the fact
    that the distance sensors (42) incorporate measuring units (41) which are directly linked to the adjusters (31), and, especially in the case of hydraulic adjusters, are connected to the adjuster pistons (33).
  8. Continuous casting device as in Claim 6,
    characterised by the fact
    that one of the outer guide rollers (24) on the upper frame (22) is capable of being power-driven,
    that the adjusters (31) belonging to the power-driven guide roller (25) can be linked to the computer, using control system technology, by means of pressure sensors (43, 44), and the other adjusters (31) can be likewise linked by means of position sensors (41, 42).
  9. Continuous casting device as in Claim 8,
    characterised by the fact
    that the adjusters (31) are held in the upper or lower frames (22, 23) in such a way that the frames (22, 23) can be positioned at an angle to each other, with the wider throat gap pointing away from the drive rollers (25).
EP98932038A 1997-05-07 1998-04-27 Method and device for producing slabs of steel Expired - Lifetime EP0980295B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19720768 1997-05-07
DE19720768A DE19720768C1 (en) 1997-05-07 1997-05-07 Method and device for producing steel slabs
PCT/DE1998/001198 WO1998050185A1 (en) 1997-05-07 1998-04-27 Method and device for producing slabs of steel

Publications (2)

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EP0980295A1 EP0980295A1 (en) 2000-02-23
EP0980295B1 true EP0980295B1 (en) 2001-10-17

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US (1) US6701999B2 (en)
EP (1) EP0980295B1 (en)
KR (1) KR100531125B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE206973T1 (en)
AU (1) AU8209098A (en)
BR (1) BR9809604A (en)
DE (2) DE19720768C1 (en)
ID (1) ID20520A (en)
TW (1) TW404869B (en)
WO (1) WO1998050185A1 (en)

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DE102007006458A1 (en) 2007-02-05 2008-08-07 Sms Demag Ag Continuous casting device for producing steel slabs
DE102009031651A1 (en) 2009-07-03 2011-01-05 Sms Siemag Aktiengesellschaft Method for determining the position of the sump tip of a cast metal strand and continuous casting plant
WO2011124466A1 (en) * 2010-04-09 2011-10-13 Sms Siemag Ag Method and apparatus for setting the position of the liquidus tip in a cast strand

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DE10039016B4 (en) * 2000-08-10 2010-02-25 Sms Siemag Aktiengesellschaft Method for producing steel slabs
DE10042079A1 (en) 2000-08-26 2002-04-25 Sms Demag Ag Continuous caster with soft reduction section
DE10057160A1 (en) 2000-11-16 2002-05-29 Sms Demag Ag Method and device for producing thin slabs
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DE10122118A1 (en) * 2001-05-07 2002-11-14 Sms Demag Ag Method and device for the continuous casting of blocks, slabs and thin slabs
DE50301920D1 (en) * 2002-02-22 2006-01-19 Sms Demag Ag METHOD FOR THE CONTINUOUS CASTING AND IMMEDIATE FORMING OF METAL, PARTICULARLY A CAST STREAM OF STEEL MATERIALS
DE10224533A1 (en) * 2002-05-31 2003-12-18 Sms Demag Ag Method for determining the frictional force in a system exposed to forced vibrations
DE10349962B3 (en) * 2003-10-24 2005-06-02 Ingo Dr. Schubert Arrangement for determining the consistency of a cast strand in a continuous casting plant and / or its mouth width
DE102004002783A1 (en) * 2004-01-20 2005-08-04 Sms Demag Ag Method and device for determining the position of the sump tip in the casting strand in the continuous casting of liquid metals, in particular of liquid steel materials
DE102006016375B4 (en) 2006-04-05 2023-02-16 Sms Group Gmbh Process and device for determining the core solidification and/or the sump peak during the continuous casting of metals, in particular of steel materials
DE102007016045A1 (en) * 2007-03-30 2008-10-02 Sms Demag Ag Device for the hydraulic adjustment of components
DE102008015008B4 (en) * 2008-03-19 2024-02-01 Sms Group Gmbh Method for operating a strand guiding device
JP5600929B2 (en) * 2008-12-10 2014-10-08 Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 Manufacturing method of continuous cast slab
DE102012009870A1 (en) * 2012-05-15 2013-11-21 Sms Siemag Ag Method and strand guide for influencing the solidification of the partially still liquid core during continuous casting
CN103048242A (en) * 2013-01-21 2013-04-17 中冶赛迪电气技术有限公司 Method and device for detecting solid fraction and final stage of solidification of continuously cast slab
US10888920B2 (en) * 2016-12-08 2021-01-12 Aktiebolaget Skf Monitoring and control system for continuous casting machine
CN110303129B (en) * 2019-06-26 2021-03-09 山东钢铁股份有限公司 Manufacturing method of wide and thick plate blank
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CN114918393A (en) * 2022-06-09 2022-08-19 吉林建龙钢铁有限责任公司 Method for controlling periodic fluctuation of liquid level of medium and low carbon steel crystallizer

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DE102009031651A1 (en) 2009-07-03 2011-01-05 Sms Siemag Aktiengesellschaft Method for determining the position of the sump tip of a cast metal strand and continuous casting plant
WO2011000549A1 (en) 2009-07-03 2011-01-06 Sms Siemag Ag Method for determining the position of the liquid phase tip of a cast metal strand and strand casting system
WO2011124466A1 (en) * 2010-04-09 2011-10-13 Sms Siemag Ag Method and apparatus for setting the position of the liquidus tip in a cast strand

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KR100531125B1 (en) 2005-11-24
EP0980295A1 (en) 2000-02-23
DE19720768C1 (en) 1999-01-14
US20030145976A1 (en) 2003-08-07
BR9809604A (en) 2000-10-03
TW404869B (en) 2000-09-11
ID20520A (en) 1999-01-07
WO1998050185A1 (en) 1998-11-12
US6701999B2 (en) 2004-03-09
AU8209098A (en) 1998-11-27
KR20010012379A (en) 2001-02-15
ATE206973T1 (en) 2001-11-15
DE59801786D1 (en) 2001-11-22

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