EP0978116B1 - Method and device for recording in cyclic loops several sound sequences - Google Patents

Method and device for recording in cyclic loops several sound sequences Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0978116B1
EP0978116B1 EP97937616A EP97937616A EP0978116B1 EP 0978116 B1 EP0978116 B1 EP 0978116B1 EP 97937616 A EP97937616 A EP 97937616A EP 97937616 A EP97937616 A EP 97937616A EP 0978116 B1 EP0978116 B1 EP 0978116B1
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Prior art keywords
loops
memory
fact
addresses
loop
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0978116A1 (en
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Emmanuel Perille
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G10MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10HELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
    • G10H1/00Details of electrophonic musical instruments
    • G10H1/0033Recording/reproducing or transmission of music for electrophonic musical instruments
    • GPHYSICS
    • G10MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10HELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
    • G10H2250/00Aspects of algorithms or signal processing methods without intrinsic musical character, yet specifically adapted for or used in electrophonic musical processing
    • G10H2250/541Details of musical waveform synthesis, i.e. audio waveshape processing from individual wavetable samples, independently of their origin or of the sound they represent
    • G10H2250/641Waveform sampler, i.e. music samplers; Sampled music loop processing, wherein a loop is a sample of a performance that has been edited to repeat seamlessly without clicks or artifacts

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and a device for recording in cyclic loops of several sequences phonics, with a view to simultaneous reproduction thereof, by means of of a device using sampled sound signals and including a memory, a memory control unit and a means sound reproduction.
  • the invention is particularly useful for a device pseudo multi-track play-back type intended to reproduce cyclic according to a given rhythmic coefficient different signals phonics sampled and stored in accordance with the method of the invention.
  • a processor of audio signals that can both sample and process signals audio.
  • the processor can also process external audio signals in real time so as to get complex effects of choruses and echo.
  • the sampled audio signal is split in two parts of which one is treated separately from the other.
  • EP-A-0 551 884 which deals with a sound signal generator adapted to be connected to a microcomputer.
  • EP-A-0 484 047 which relates a device providing an audio signal requiring a so-called MIDI for cyclical synchronization.
  • a simple solution to get a background cyclical music is to reproduce, in a continuous way repeated, one or more sound passages all stalled in the same musical rhythm.
  • This can be achieved by a device that reproduces, from a reading of a memory, different signals phonic.
  • these phonic signals have been previously sampled and digitized to be arranged in memory.
  • the object of the present invention is to obviate these disadvantages with a method and a device of relaxed type not requiring a trigger sequence to obtain a signal synchronization.
  • Another object of the invention is to determine a device can be used in a simple way by a non-professional.
  • Yet another object of the invention is to treat basically the human voice.
  • the default values of the loops are previously determined.
  • the control unit includes a cyclic address generator dedicated to each of the loops
  • the duration of the recording is limited to strict duration of the determined loop, this duration being determined by the tempo, the number of measures of the loop and the frequency sampling.
  • the device includes a sampler, a random access memory, a memory control including a cyclic address generator dedicated to each of the loops and a means of sound reproduction; address generators dedicated to each of the loops evolve from cyclic way continuously depending on the frequency sampling, with loop values chosen by default.
  • the device comprises means allowing to modify the default values of the loops and, in particular, to set a common tempo for all loops, the number of each of the loops before recording, and the frequency sampling.
  • FIG. 1 shows thus a device of the type digital unit comprising a control unit 101 including a control unit 103 memory control, a sampler and all circuits required for the management of the device.
  • the memory 103 is here of the random access type accessible in writing and reading at from the control unit 101.
  • sampling means, of course, conventional way a device for sampling a signal analogue phonics, but also a functional means of treatment an already digitized signal from, for example, a reading disc optical or computer.
  • the sampler normally includes an analog-to-digital converter preceded by anti-aliasing filters of analog signals.
  • the sampler includes a decoder of digital input signals, and is limited to either resampling the input signal at the rhythm of the sampling frequency of output signals, ie to convert the sampling frequency, this which can allow the device to work at another frequency than that of the transmission link. Double sequential memory access can be favorably expected when the digital signal input is transmitted in the form of very high speed packets.
  • the sampler is of a type conventional, since the phonic input signal comes from a microphone.
  • the control unit 101 initially reads the values by default to apply to the loops, ie the common tempo, the number of measurements and the sampling frequency of the signals phonic. Address cyclic generators work from now on permanently based on these values. Preferably this This is done when the device is put into service. However, it can be expected that it is performed simultaneously when starting a recording.
  • the user can enter the desired values inputs 105, 107 and 109 of the control unit 101.
  • the generators cyclic addresses then operate permanently on the basis of these new values.
  • the signals phonics that will be processed originate from a 111 microphone. Although this is not highlighted on the drawing, the Stereophony can easily be implemented here.
  • the signal coming of the microphone 111 is applied to the input 113 of the control unit 101 for sampling and storage, via a amplifier 115 for adjusting the initial volume.
  • the characteristics of the delay line are directly controlled by the control unit 101. In practice, this delay line 121 is theoretical, since the control unit 101 and the memory 103 are charged echo like any other loop.
  • the signal applied to the input 113 of the control unit 101 is therefore already processed in according to the choices of the user.
  • the user wears, in the example shown, a helmet 131 allowing him to simultaneously listen to what is being to be saved in memory.
  • the control unit 101 cyclically reads the other loops previously recorded.
  • Figure 1 there is shown, for reasons of clarity, that three outlets 133 each provided with a amplifier, and connected to a summator 135 to ensure the mix. Of course, this number of outputs represented is in no way limiting.
  • the signal from this summator 135 is applied, via an amplifier 139, to another summator 137 to which the signal from summator 117 is applied.
  • the internal clock of the control unit delivers, according to the values of the loops, a signal to a metronome 141 whose output is connected via an amplifier 143 to the summator 137.
  • the user whose helmet is connected to the exit of the summator 137, then receives all the signals from the microphone 111, corresponding echo, previously recorded loops 133 and metronome 141, these signals are thus directly mixed.
  • control unit 101 is provided with a means of limiting the duration of the registration to the strict length of the loop.
  • length of the loop we means the number of samples it may contain, and not the recording time of the phonic sequence.
  • a switch 145 at the microphone output 111 controlled by the unit of command 101 by an output 147 is symbolic, since its function is obtained more simply by controlling the address generator of the loop.
  • the loops are actually synchronous and it is not no longer necessary to use any trigger sequence.
  • the origin of the signals is represented here as being a microphone 111. If these come from a pre-recorded source, for example a disk or a magnetic tape, a registration temporal signals may be necessary to ensure possible better juxtaposition. Such a registration is easy to perform by ear playing on the available parameters.
  • the device essentially comprises, in combination, a first counter 2 modulates the rhythmic coefficient, a second bit counter 7, a parameter memory 9 and a combinatorial operator 13.
  • the first counter 2 to modulo programmable by through a register 3 according to the rhythmic coefficient recorded in this register 3, evolves with each period of a signal sampling 4 audio signals applied to the first counter 2, and delivers, on the one hand, the lower part of the address in the memory random access 103 and, on the other hand, an overflow hold 6 at the second counter 7, which evolves with this restraint 6 for to issue a base address 8 applied to the combinatorial operator 13.
  • the parameter memory 9 delivers, for a signal determined from the sampled audio signals, a vector of masking 11 and a substitution vector 12 applied to the combinatorial operator 13.
  • the latter delivers the upper part 14 of the address in random access memory 103 by selecting to using the masking vector 11 the binons to transparen of the base address 8 and assigning a value determined according to the substitute vector 12 to each of the other binons of the address of base 8.
  • the parameters included in the parameter memory 9 are, preferably, determined once and for all during the coding of the program, the length and location in memory of the loops being pre-established. However, it is possible to provide for a modification of these settings running the program by means of a appropriate interface.
  • the programmable modulo counter 2 produces the lower part 5 common to the audio samples of the signals to be reproduced during a given period of the sampling signal 4.
  • the counter 2 describes a cyclic sequence whose number of states is programmed by the rhythmic coefficient, coefficient which is, by example, saved in a register 3, and generates periodically, when the sequence re-starts at the same initial state, a signal of hold 6 which increments (or decrements) the second binary counter 7 delivering the base address 8.
  • the parameter memory 9 delivers, in addition, to the operator combinatory 13, a reset value 15 which is added to the address base 8 before application of the aforementioned vectors 11 and 12 to determine the upper part of the address in the access memory random.
  • the offset is quantified by sample blocks function of the rhythmic coefficient, which is clearly enough in rhythmic precision with respect to the duration average of a measurement. For example, with an equal rhythmic coefficient at 650 and a sampling frequency of 32 kHz, the offset that one can get is of the order of 20 ms.
  • the device further comprises a pointer memory 16 where the upper part of the address is written by the combinatorial operator 13 when issuing a hold of overrun 6 by the first counter 2 to modulo programmable, this upper part of the address in the random access memory being reproduced at each period of the sampling signal. 4 per reading for the selected audio signal from the pointer memory 16.
  • the pointer memory 16 retains the value of the part high of the address so as not to require unnecessary re-calculation at the following sampling period of the same upper part having a base address 8 unchanged when there was no signal from 6. If there was a hold-back 6, the base address 8 changes via the binary counter 7 and the operator combinatory 13 is requested to re-calculate the upper part of addresses and store it in the pointers memory 16.
  • FIG 3 which is a schematic table of the connection a random access memory to a programmable microcontroller with demultiplexing of the address bus, thus allowing the implementation of the invention.
  • a microcontroller 21 is connected to the memory 103 at random access, in a conventional way, through a data bus 26, an address bus 30, 31 and a control bus 27.
  • the samples of the audio signals pass, of course, through the data bus 26.
  • the upper part 14 of the address is applied to the memory 103 via a portion 30 of the address bus.
  • Sure the control bus 27, normally pass the signals that activate the memory 103 in reading or writing, and which ensure the selection address space in memory.
  • the demultiplexing of the address is provided by a register 22 disposed between the data bus 26 and the remaining portion 31 of the bus addresses where the lower part 5 of the address is applied.
  • a address decoder 23 is connected at the input to the part 30 of the bus addresses and to the control bus 27 from which it receives the signals 29 from selection of address space in memory. This decoder 23 generates essentially a locking signal 24 applied to the register 22 allowing the microcontroller 21 to write in this register 22 the value of the lower part 5 via the data bus 26. It also generates a memory access select signal 103 in reading or writing.
  • microcontroller includes, in internally, all the basic circuits necessary to perform a digital signal processing program without having to call to external components.
  • the program consists of two execution tasks, one activated under hardware interrupt by the signal sampling 4, and the other in the background.
  • the interrupted task essentially concerns the first counter 2 and the memory pointers 16.
  • the first counter 2 is decremented if it has not yet reaches the value zero. Otherwise, the value of the rhythmic coefficient is assigned to counter 2.
  • a variable Boolean representing the restraint 6 is then set to true, while a second Boolean variable for permutation of tables column pointers are reversed.
  • the pointer memory 16 which is an access memory random dual port if it is performed as a component electronic system, consists, in software form, of two tables of pointers, whose length is determined by the number of signals audio to reproduce. Next binary value of the second variable Boolean above, the interrupted task will use one or the other of these two pointer tables. As we will see, when one of the tables is used for reading by the task under interrupt, the other table is used in writing by the task of background to compose the list of high parts of addresses for the following retention 6.
  • the background task By constantly monitoring the false state of the variable Boolean representing restraint, the background task is active only when a restraint 6 has been activated. As soon as the state becomes true, the hold is detected and the background task will calculate the next 14. For this, the background task first affects the value to false to the Boolean retain variable, increments the second counter 7 and then continues, with the new address of base 8 obtained, the calculation and writing in the table pointers of columns, high parts for each selected audio signal 10 between the first and the last of the audio signals to be reproduced.
  • the device according to the invention furthermore comprises preferably a programmable manual control console to adjust the volume and the possible stereo balance of the sound of each of the loops taken separately during the reproduction,
  • a console may only have two potentiometers to adjust all the loops, since it presents a keyboard allowing the user to choose the parameter to be adjusted by means of the potentiometers.
  • the parameters to be controlled here being digital, the console mainly includes an analog / digital converter which converts the position of the potentiometer slider to a value digital that will be processed with the sound signal. Then, for a adjustment without discontinuity, a comparison will be made between the saved value of the parameter and the cursor position of the potentiometer to equal. The parameter will then follow the evolution analog of the cursor.
  • the device includes, in addition, a means for juxtaposing loops.
  • a processor to direct access memory DMA
  • DMA direct access memory
  • the type of addressing in page mode of loops, as described, makes this possible, since there is a time available at each sampling period for the processor DMA accesses his own memory. To obtain the correlation required rhythm, it is easy to impose an initial address of the phonic content in the loop to load.
  • a mobile cursor it is possible to obtain the sound effect said scratch by simple manipulation of a mobile cursor.
  • This effect sound was previously obtained by manually changing the speed angular classic black disks.
  • a cursor may, for example, consist of the moving part of a potentiometer.
  • the cursor can also be constituted by a computer peripheral conventional, such as the one usually called "mouse".

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  • Electrophonic Musical Instruments (AREA)

Abstract

The invention concerns a method and a device for recording in cyclic loops several sound sequences, for their simultaneous reproduction, by means of a device using sampled sound signals and comprising a memory (103), a unit (101) for controlling the memory (103) and means for reproducing sounds. The method consists the following steps: triggering loops with default values, so that they function substantially permanently with the desired values in terms of a tempo common to all the loops, of the number of desired measures in each of said loops and of the sample frequency; recording the sound signals for at least one predetermined loop.

Description

La présente invention concerne un procédé et un dispositif pour l'enregistrement en boucles cycliques de plusieurs séquences phoniques, en vue d'une reproduction simultanée de celles-ci, au moyen d'un dispositif utilisant des signaux phoniques échantillonnés et incluant une mémoire, une unité de contrôle de la mémoire et un moyen de reproduction des sons.The present invention relates to a method and a device for recording in cyclic loops of several sequences phonics, with a view to simultaneous reproduction thereof, by means of of a device using sampled sound signals and including a memory, a memory control unit and a means sound reproduction.

L'invention est particulièrement utile pour un dispositif de type play-back pseudo multi-piste destiné à reproduire de façon cyclique selon un coefficient rythmique déterminé différents signaux phoniques échantillonnés et mémorisés conformément au procédé de l'invention.The invention is particularly useful for a device pseudo multi-track play-back type intended to reproduce cyclic according to a given rhythmic coefficient different signals phonics sampled and stored in accordance with the method of the invention.

L'importance que prend, dans la musique moderne, la reproduction cyclique de passages musicaux, a poussé certains constructeurs de matériels de traitement du son à fabriquer des échantillonneurs phoniques numériques permettant de mixer d'une manière improvisée différents passages musicaux échantillonnés et mis en mémoire.The importance of modern music in cyclical reproduction of musical passages, pushed some manufacturers of sound processing equipment to manufacture digital sound samplers for mixing a improvised way different musical passages sampled and put in memory.

On connait, par exemple de WO-A-95/10138, un processeur de signaux audio pouvant à la fois échantillonner et traiter des signaux audio. Le processeur peut également traiter des signaux audio externes en temps réel de manière à obtenir des effets complexes de choeurs et d'écho. Dans ce but, le signal audio échantillonné est partagé en deux parties dont l'une est traitée séparément de l'autre.We know, for example from WO-A-95/10138, a processor of audio signals that can both sample and process signals audio. The processor can also process external audio signals in real time so as to get complex effects of choruses and echo. For this purpose, the sampled audio signal is split in two parts of which one is treated separately from the other.

On connait également EP-A-0 551 884 qui traite d'un générateur de signal sonore adapté pour être relié à un micro-ordinateur.We also know EP-A-0 551 884 which deals with a sound signal generator adapted to be connected to a microcomputer.

On connait également EP-A-0 484 047 qui relate un dispositif fournissant un signal audio nécessitant une séquence dite MIDI pour la synchronisation cyclique. We also know EP-A-0 484 047 which relates a device providing an audio signal requiring a so-called MIDI for cyclical synchronization.

On connait également le document US-A-5 194 681 qui décrit un appareil comprenant un dispositif d'échantillonnage dans lequel l'instant de début et l'instant de fin doivent être déterminés et qui met en oeuvre une interpolation pour éviter les espaces sonores entre la fin d'une boucle et le début de la boucle lorsque la boucle est fermée. Document US-A-5,194,681 is also known which describes an apparatus comprising a sampling device in which the start time and the end time must be determined and which implements an interpolation to avoid sound spaces between the end of a loop and the beginning of the loop when the loop is closed.

Comme on le sait, une solution simple pour obtenir un fond musical cyclique consiste à reproduire, d'une façon continuellement répétée, un ou plusieurs passages sonores tous calés dans un même rythme musical. C'est ce que peut réaliser un dispositif qui reproduit, à partir d'une lecture d'une mémoire, différents signaux phoniques. En règle générale, ces signaux phoniques ont été préalablement échantillonnés et numérisés pour être disposés en mémoire.As we know, a simple solution to get a background cyclical music is to reproduce, in a continuous way repeated, one or more sound passages all stalled in the same musical rhythm. This can be achieved by a device that reproduces, from a reading of a memory, different signals phonic. As a general rule, these phonic signals have been previously sampled and digitized to be arranged in memory.

Une telle reproduction ne pose pas de problèmes techniques spécifiques pour un homme du métier, puisqu'il s'agit simplement de lire une ou plusieurs mémoires et de superposer les informations de façon analogique ou numérique selon la technique choisie. Il est cependant généralement nécessaire d'utiliser des séquences de déclenchement de type MIDI qui devront être synchronisées. En outre, du fait que, lors de l'acquisition en mémoire de différents signaux phoniques, notamment les sources de signaux musicaux pré-enregistrés sur disque par exemple, ces signaux musicaux n'ont généralement pas le même tempo, et les boucles correspondantes n'ont pas obligatoirement la même longueur, etc..., un mixage à la reproduction pose alors un grave problème de synchronisation. L'opérateur doit manuellement et après enregistrement affiner le début et la fin de chaque séquence, supprimer les franges indésirables, ajuster la longueur des boucles, modifier le tempo de l'une d'elles; etc... Des dispositifs électroniques permettent cependant de l'aider dans cette tâche, postérieurement à l'acquisition des signaux. On obtient ainsi un matériel relativement complexe, donc coûteux, tel qu'il en existe actuellement dans le commerce, par exemple l'excellent matériel commercialisé par AKAI™ sous le nom de REMIX 16™, mais essentiellement destiné à des professionnels de la gestion du son et appelés "DJ" ("disc jockeys").Such reproduction does not pose technical problems specific for a person skilled in the art, since it is simply a matter of read one or more memories and overlay the information of analog or digital way depending on the chosen technique. It is however generally necessary to use sequences of trigger type MIDI that will need to be synchronized. In addition, because when memorizing different signals sound, including sources of pre-recorded musical on disc for example, these musical signals usually do not have the same tempo, and the corresponding loops do not have to the same length, etc ..., a mixing with the reproduction then poses a serious problem of synchronization. The operator must manually and after recording fine-tune the beginning and the end of each sequence, remove unwanted fringes, adjust the length of the loops, change the tempo of one of them; etc ... Features however, help with this task, after the acquisition of the signals. We thus obtain a relatively complex, therefore expensive, equipment as it exists currently in commerce, for example excellent material marketed by AKAI ™ under the name REMIX 16 ™, but essentially intended for sound management professionals and called "DJs" ("disc jockeys").

Cependant, un tel matériel ne permet généralement pas une optimisation de la reproduction lorsque les signaux phoniques enregistrés ne présentent pas un rythme facilement détectable par l'électronique, comme c'est le cas, par exemple, pour une vocalise faite au microphone.However, such material does not generally allow optimization of reproduction when sound signals recorded do not show an easily detectable rhythm by electronics, as is the case, for example, for a vocalise made to the microphone.

Le but de la présente invention est d'obvier à ces inconvénients avec un procédé et un dispositif de type relaxé ne nécessitant pas de séquence de déclenchement pour obtenir une synchronisation des signaux.The object of the present invention is to obviate these disadvantages with a method and a device of relaxed type not requiring a trigger sequence to obtain a signal synchronization.

Un autre but de l'invention est de déterminer un dispositif pouvant être utilisé de façon simple par un non-professionnel.Another object of the invention is to determine a device can be used in a simple way by a non-professional.

Encore un autre but de l'invention est de traiter essentiellement la voix humaine.Yet another object of the invention is to treat basically the human voice.

Ces buts sont atteints avec le procédé et le dispositif de l'invention. These goals are achieved with the method and device of the invention.

Selon un premier aspect de l'invention, le procédé est défini par les étapes suivantes :

  • on lance les boucles avec des valeurs par défaut, de façon à ce qu'elles fonctionnent sensiblement en permanence avec les valeurs souhaitées de celles-ci en termes de tempo commun à toutes les boucles, du nombre de mesures souhaité de chacune des boucles et de la fréquence d'échantillonnage ; et
  • on enregistre les signaux phoniques pour au moins une boucle déterminée.
According to a first aspect of the invention, the method is defined by the following steps:
  • the loops are started with default values, so that they operate substantially permanently with the desired values of these in terms of the tempo common to all loops, the desired number of measurements of each of the loops and the sampling frequency; and
  • the sound signals are recorded for at least one determined loop.

De préférence, les valeurs par défaut des boucles sont préalablement déterminées.Preferably, the default values of the loops are previously determined.

Lorsque la mémoire est une mémoire à accès aléatoire et que l'unité de contrôle inclut un générateur cyclique d'adresses dédié à chacune des boucles, on lance les générateurs cycliques d'adresses dédiés à chacune des boucles avec des valeurs par défaut, de façon à ce qu'ils fonctionnent cycliquement en permanence.When the memory is a random access memory and that the control unit includes a cyclic address generator dedicated to each of the loops, we start the cyclic address generators dedicated to each of the loops with default values, so that what they operate cyclically permanently.

De préférence, on limite la durée de l'enregistrement à la stricte durée de la boucle déterminée, cette durée étant déterminée par le tempo, le nombre de mesures de la boucle et la fréquence d'échantillonnage.Preferably, the duration of the recording is limited to strict duration of the determined loop, this duration being determined by the tempo, the number of measures of the loop and the frequency sampling.

Selon un autre aspect de l'invention, le dispositif inclut un échantillonneur, une mémoire à accès aléatoire, une unité de commande de la mémoire incluant un générateur cyclique d'adresses dédié à chacune des boucles et un moyen de reproduction des sons ; les générateurs d'adresses dédiés à chacune des boucles évoluent de façon cyclique en permanence en fonction de la fréquence d'échantillonnage, avec des valeurs de boucles choisies par défaut. According to another aspect of the invention, the device includes a sampler, a random access memory, a memory control including a cyclic address generator dedicated to each of the loops and a means of sound reproduction; address generators dedicated to each of the loops evolve from cyclic way continuously depending on the frequency sampling, with loop values chosen by default.

De préférence , le dispositif comprend un moyen permettant de modifier les valeurs par défaut des boucles et, notamment, pour fixer un tempo commun à toutes les boucles, le nombre de mesures de chacune des boucles avant enregistrement, et la fréquence d'échantillonnage.Preferably, the device comprises means allowing to modify the default values of the loops and, in particular, to set a common tempo for all loops, the number of each of the loops before recording, and the frequency sampling.

L'invention sera mieux comprise, et d'autres buts, avantages et caractéristiques de celle-ci apparaítront plus clairement à la lecture de la description qui suit d'un mode préféré de réalisation donné à titre non limitatif et à laquelle une planche de dessins est annexée sur laquelle :

  • La Figure 1 est un schéma synoptique du dispositif selon l'invention ;
  • La Figure 2 représente schématiquement un tableau synoptique d'un dispositif de génération d'adresses exploitable en mode page pouvant être utilisé dans le dispositif de la présente invention ; et
  • La Figure 3 est un tableau schématique du raccordement d'une mémoire à accès aléatoire à bus d'adresses démultiplexé à un microcontrôleur.
  • The invention will be better understood, and other objects, advantages and features thereof will appear more clearly on reading the following description of a preferred embodiment given without limitation and to which a drawing board is annexed to which:
  • Figure 1 is a block diagram of the device according to the invention;
  • Figure 2 schematically shows a block diagram of a page-usable address generation device that can be used in the device of the present invention; and
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the connection of a demultiplexed address bus random access memory to a microcontroller.
  • Dans la description qui suit, on se référera à un dispositif de type numérique mettant en oeuvre une mémoire à accès aléatoire, bien qu'un autre dispositif de type numérique ou analogique puisse être mis en oeuvre avec une mémoire à accès séquentiel.In the description that follows, reference will be made to a digital type device implementing an access memory random, although another digital or analog device can be implemented with a sequential access memory.

    On a ainsi représenté sur la Figure 1 un dispositif de type numérique comprenant une unité de commande 101 incluant une unité de commande de la mémoire 103, un échantillonneur et tous les circuits électroniques requis pour la gestion du dispositif. La mémoire 103 est ici du type à accès aléatoire accessible en écriture et en lecture à partir de l'unité de commande 101. FIG. 1 shows thus a device of the type digital unit comprising a control unit 101 including a control unit 103 memory control, a sampler and all circuits required for the management of the device. The memory 103 is here of the random access type accessible in writing and reading at from the control unit 101.

    Par l'expression "échantillonneur", on entend, bien sûr, de façon conventionnelle un dispositif d'échantillonnage d'un signal phonique analogique, mais également un moyen fonctionnel de traitement d'un signal déjà numérisé issu, par exemple d'un disque à lecture optique ou d'un ordinateur. Dans le cas conventionnel, l'échantillonneur comprend normalement un convertisseur analogique-numérique précédé de filtres anti-repliement des signaux analogiques. Dans le deuxième cas, l'échantillonneur comprend un décodeur des signaux numériques d'entrée, et se borne soit à ré-échantillonner le signal d'entrée au rythme de la fréquence d'échantillonnage des signaux de sortie, soit à convertir la fréquence d'échantillonnage, ce qui peut permettre au dispositif de travailler à une autre fréquence que celle du lien de transmission. Une mémoire séquentielle à double accès peut être favorablement prévue lorsque le signal numérique d'entrée est transmis sous forme de paquets à très haute vitesse. Dans l'exemple décrit et illustré ici, l'échantillonneur est d'un type conventionnel, puisque le signal phonique d'entrée est issu d'un microphone.The expression "sampler" means, of course, conventional way a device for sampling a signal analogue phonics, but also a functional means of treatment an already digitized signal from, for example, a reading disc optical or computer. In the conventional case, the sampler normally includes an analog-to-digital converter preceded by anti-aliasing filters of analog signals. In the second case, the sampler includes a decoder of digital input signals, and is limited to either resampling the input signal at the rhythm of the sampling frequency of output signals, ie to convert the sampling frequency, this which can allow the device to work at another frequency than that of the transmission link. Double sequential memory access can be favorably expected when the digital signal input is transmitted in the form of very high speed packets. In the example described and illustrated here, the sampler is of a type conventional, since the phonic input signal comes from a microphone.

    L'unité de commande 101 lit initialement les valeurs par défaut à appliquer aux boucles, c'est à dire le tempo commun, le nombre de mesures et la fréquence d'échantillonnage des signaux phoniques. Les générateurs cycliques d'adresses fonctionnent dès lors en permanence sur la base de ces valeurs. De préférence, cette opération s'effectue lors de la mise en service du dispositif. Toutefois, on peut prévoir qu'elle ne soit effectuée que simultanément au démarrage d'un enregistrement.The control unit 101 initially reads the values by default to apply to the loops, ie the common tempo, the number of measurements and the sampling frequency of the signals phonic. Address cyclic generators work from now on permanently based on these values. Preferably this This is done when the device is put into service. However, it can be expected that it is performed simultaneously when starting a recording.

    Si ces valeurs par défaut ne sont pas satisfaisantes, l'utilisateur peut introduire les valeurs qu'il souhaite par les entrées 105, 107 et 109 de l'unité de commande 101. Les générateurs cycliques d'adresses fonctionnent alors en permanence sur la base de ces nouvelles valeurs.If these default values are not satisfactory, the user can enter the desired values inputs 105, 107 and 109 of the control unit 101. The generators cyclic addresses then operate permanently on the basis of these new values.

    Sur l'exemple représenté, et de préférence, les signaux phoniques qui vont être traités, ont pour origine un microphone 111. Bien que cela ne soit pas mis en évidence sur le dessin, la stéréophonie peut facilement être mise en oeuvre ici. Le signal issu du microphone 111 est appliqué à l'entrée 113 de l'unité de commande 101 pour échantillonnage et mise en mémoire, par l'intermédiaire d'un amplificateur 115 permettant d'ajuster le volume initial.In the example shown, and preferably, the signals phonics that will be processed, originate from a 111 microphone. Although this is not highlighted on the drawing, the Stereophony can easily be implemented here. The signal coming of the microphone 111 is applied to the input 113 of the control unit 101 for sampling and storage, via a amplifier 115 for adjusting the initial volume.

    On peut favorablement superposer à ce signal appliqué à l'entrée 113, un signal d'écho au moyen d'un sommateur 117. Dans ce cas, une partie du signal issu du microphone 111, plus ou moins amplifiée au moyen de l'amplificateur 123, est dérivé en 119 vers une boucle de réaction classique comprenant une ligne à retard 121, un amplificateur opérationnel 125 et un sommateur 129. Les caractéristiques de la ligne à retard sont directement commandées par l'unité de commande 101. En pratique, cette ligne à retard 121 est théorique, car l'unité de commande 101 et la mémoire 103 se chargent de réaliser l'écho comme toute autre boucle. Le signal appliqué à l'entrée 113 de l'unité de commande 101 est donc déjà traité en fonction des choix de l'utilisateur.One can favorably superpose on this signal applied to the input 113, an echo signal by means of a summator 117. In this case, a part of the signal coming from the microphone 111, more or less amplified by means of the amplifier 123, is derived at 119 to a conventional feedback loop comprising a delay line 121, a operational amplifier 125 and a summator 129. The characteristics of the delay line are directly controlled by the control unit 101. In practice, this delay line 121 is theoretical, since the control unit 101 and the memory 103 are charged echo like any other loop. The signal applied to the input 113 of the control unit 101 is therefore already processed in according to the choices of the user.

    L'utilisateur porte, dans l'exemple représenté, un casque 131 lui permettant d'écouter de façon simultanée ce qui est en train d'être enregistré en mémoire.The user wears, in the example shown, a helmet 131 allowing him to simultaneously listen to what is being to be saved in memory.

    Simultanément à l'enregistrement de la boucle en cause, l'unité de commande 101 lit de façon cyclique les autres boucles préalablement enregistrées. Sur la Figure 1, on n'a représenté, pour des raisons de clarté, que trois sorties 133 pourvues chacune d'un amplificateur, et reliées â un sommateur 135 permettant d'en assurer le mixage. Bien évidement ce nombre de sorties représentées n'est nullement limitatif. Le signal issu de ce sommateur 135 est appliqué, par l'intermédiaire d'un amplificateur 139, à un autre sommateur 137 auquel est appliqué le signal issu du sommateur 117.Simultaneously with the registration of the loop in question, the control unit 101 cyclically reads the other loops previously recorded. In Figure 1, there is shown, for reasons of clarity, that three outlets 133 each provided with a amplifier, and connected to a summator 135 to ensure the mix. Of course, this number of outputs represented is in no way limiting. The signal from this summator 135 is applied, via an amplifier 139, to another summator 137 to which the signal from summator 117 is applied.

    De préférence, l'horloge interne de l'unité de commande délivre, en fonction des valeurs des boucles, un signal à un métronome 141 dont la sortie est reliée, par l'intermédiaire d'un amplificateur 143 au sommateur 137.Preferably, the internal clock of the control unit delivers, according to the values of the loops, a signal to a metronome 141 whose output is connected via an amplifier 143 to the summator 137.

    L'utilisateur, dont le casque est relié à la sortie du sommateur 137, reçoit alors l'ensemble des signaux issus du microphone 111, de l'écho correspondant, des boucles précédemment enregistrées 133 et du métronome 141, ces signaux étant ainsi directement mixés.The user, whose helmet is connected to the exit of the summator 137, then receives all the signals from the microphone 111, corresponding echo, previously recorded loops 133 and metronome 141, these signals are thus directly mixed.

    De préférence, l'unité de commande 101 est pourvu d'un moyen permettant de limiter la durée de l'enregistrement à la stricte longueur de la boucle. Par l'expression "longueur de la boucle", on entend le nombre d'échantillons qu'elle est susceptible de contenir, et non le temps d'enregistrement de la séquence phonique.Preferably, the control unit 101 is provided with a means of limiting the duration of the registration to the strict length of the loop. By the expression "length of the loop", we means the number of samples it may contain, and not the recording time of the phonic sequence.

    Ainsi, on a représenté schématiquement à cet effet un interrupteur 145 en sortie du microphone 111 commandé par l'unité de commande 101 par une sortie 147. Bien évidemment, cet interrupteur 145 est symbolique, puisque sa fonction est obtenue plus simplement en contrôlant le générateur d'adresses de la boucle.Thus, schematically shown for this purpose a switch 145 at the microphone output 111 controlled by the unit of command 101 by an output 147. Of course, this switch 145 is symbolic, since its function is obtained more simply by controlling the address generator of the loop.

    Ainsi, du fait des valeurs pré-imposées aux boucles (tempo, nombre de mesures de la boucle, fréquence d'échantillonnage), et du fait que les boucles 'tournent' en permanence préalablement à l'enregistrement (ou, éventuellement, simultanément au démarrage de l'enregistrement), les boucles sont synchrones de fait et il n'est plus nécessaire d'utiliser une séquence quelconque de déclenchement.Thus, because of the pre-imposed values on the loops (tempo, number of loop measurements, sampling frequency), and that the loops 'turn' permanently before recording (or possibly simultaneously at the start of recording), the loops are actually synchronous and it is not no longer necessary to use any trigger sequence.

    Bien évidemment, avant l'enregistrement de la première boucle, il pourra être nécessaire d'effacer de la mémoire les enregistrements précédents. Toutefois, cela n'est pas impératif dès lors que l'utilisateur met en oeuvre correctement les amplificateurs en série avec chaque boucle. Ainsi, par exemple, en mettant à zéro les coefficients d'amplification des amplificateurs 123 et 125, la boucle correspondante sera effacée à la vitesse de défilement du générateur d'adresses correspondant.Of course, before the recording of the first loop, it may be necessary to clear memory previous records. However, this is not imperative when the user correctly implements the amplifiers in series with each loop. So, for example, by zeroing amplification coefficients of amplifiers 123 and 125, the loop corresponding will be erased at the speed of the generator corresponding addresses.

    On a représenté ici l'origine des signaux comme étant un microphone 111. Si ceux-ci proviennent d'une source pré-enregistrée, par exemple d'un disque ou d'une bande magnétique, un recalage temporel des signaux pourra se révéler nécessaire pour en assurer une éventuelle meilleure juxtaposition. Un tel recalage est facile à réaliser à l'oreille en jouant sur les paramètres disponibles.The origin of the signals is represented here as being a microphone 111. If these come from a pre-recorded source, for example a disk or a magnetic tape, a registration temporal signals may be necessary to ensure possible better juxtaposition. Such a registration is easy to perform by ear playing on the available parameters.

    On va maintenant décrire un exemple d'un générateur d'adresses que l'on peut mettre en oeuvre dans l'invention.We will now describe an example of a generator addresses that can be implemented in the invention.

    Dans l'exemple illustré Figure 2 pour une fréquence d'échantillonnage constante, le dispositif comprend essentiellement, en combinaison, un premier compteur 2 modulo le coefficient rythmique, un deuxième compteur binaire 7, une mémoire de paramètres 9 et un opérateur combinatoire 13.In the example shown in Figure 2 for a frequency constant sampling, the device essentially comprises, in combination, a first counter 2 modulates the rhythmic coefficient, a second bit counter 7, a parameter memory 9 and a combinatorial operator 13.

    Le premier compteur 2 à modulo programmable par l'intermédiaire d'un registre 3 en fonction du coefficient rythmique enregistré dans ce registre 3, évolue à chaque période d'un signal d'échantillonnage 4 des signaux audio appliqués au premier compteur 2, et délivre, d'une part, la partie basse 5 de l'adresse dans la mémoire à accès aléatoire 103 et, d'autre part, une retenue de dépassement 6 au deuxième compteur 7, lequel évolue avec cette retenue 6 pour délivrer une adresse de base 8 appliquée à l'opérateur combinatoire 13.The first counter 2 to modulo programmable by through a register 3 according to the rhythmic coefficient recorded in this register 3, evolves with each period of a signal sampling 4 audio signals applied to the first counter 2, and delivers, on the one hand, the lower part of the address in the memory random access 103 and, on the other hand, an overflow hold 6 at the second counter 7, which evolves with this restraint 6 for to issue a base address 8 applied to the combinatorial operator 13.

    La mémoire de paramètres 9 délivre, pour un signal déterminé 10 choisi parmi les signaux audio échantillonnés, un vecteur de masquage 11 et un vecteur de substitution 12 appliqués à l'opérateur combinatoire 13. Ce dernier délivre la partie haute 14 de l'adresse dans la mémoire à accès aléatoire 103 en sélectionnant à l'aide du vecteur de masquage 11 les binons à transparaítre de l'adresse de base 8 et en affectant une valeur déterminée selon le vecteur de substitution 12 à chacun des autres binons de l'adresse de base 8.The parameter memory 9 delivers, for a signal determined from the sampled audio signals, a vector of masking 11 and a substitution vector 12 applied to the combinatorial operator 13. The latter delivers the upper part 14 of the address in random access memory 103 by selecting to using the masking vector 11 the binons to transparen of the base address 8 and assigning a value determined according to the substitute vector 12 to each of the other binons of the address of base 8.

    Les paramètres inclus dans la mémoire de paramètres 9 sont, de préférence, déterminés une fois pour toutes lors du codage du programme, la longueur et l'emplacement en mémoire des boucles étant pré-établis. Il est toutefois possible de prévoir une modification de ces paramètres en cours d'exécution du programme au moyen d'une interface appropriée.The parameters included in the parameter memory 9 are, preferably, determined once and for all during the coding of the program, the length and location in memory of the loops being pre-established. However, it is possible to provide for a modification of these settings running the program by means of a appropriate interface.

    Ainsi, le compteur à modulo programmable 2 produit la partie basse 5 commune aux échantillons audio des signaux à reproduire pendant une période donnée du signal d'échantillonnage 4. De même, le compteur 2 décrit une séquence cyclique dont le nombre d'états est programmé par le coefficient rythmique, coefficient qui est, par exemple, enregistré dans un registre 3, et génère périodiquement, lorsque la séquence re-démarre à un même état initial, un signal de retenue 6 qui incrémente (ou décrémente) le deuxième compteur binaire 7 délivrant l'adresse de base 8. Thus, the programmable modulo counter 2 produces the lower part 5 common to the audio samples of the signals to be reproduced during a given period of the sampling signal 4. Similarly, the counter 2 describes a cyclic sequence whose number of states is programmed by the rhythmic coefficient, coefficient which is, by example, saved in a register 3, and generates periodically, when the sequence re-starts at the same initial state, a signal of hold 6 which increments (or decrements) the second binary counter 7 delivering the base address 8.

    La mémoire de paramètres 9 délivre, en outre, à l'opérateur combinatoire 13, une valeur de recalage 15 qui est ajoutée à l'adresse de base 8 avant application des vecteurs précités 11 et 12 pour déterminer la partie haute de l'adresse dans la mémoire à accès aléatoire.The parameter memory 9 delivers, in addition, to the operator combinatory 13, a reset value 15 which is added to the address base 8 before application of the aforementioned vectors 11 and 12 to determine the upper part of the address in the access memory random.

    Cette valeur de recalage permet de décaler dans le temps une boucle par rapport aux autres boucles. Le décalage est quantifié par blocs d'échantillons fonction du coefficient rythmique, ce qui est nettement suffisant en précision rythmique par rapport à la durée moyenne d'une mesure. Par exemple, avec un coefficient rythmique égal à 650 et une fréquence d'échantillonnage de 32 kHz, le décalage que l'on peut obtenir est de l'ordre de 20 ms.This resetting value allows you to shift in time a loop compared to other loops. The offset is quantified by sample blocks function of the rhythmic coefficient, which is clearly enough in rhythmic precision with respect to the duration average of a measurement. For example, with an equal rhythmic coefficient at 650 and a sampling frequency of 32 kHz, the offset that one can get is of the order of 20 ms.

    Le dispositif comprend, en outre, une mémoire de pointeurs 16 dans laquelle est écrite la partie haute 17 de l'adresse par l'opérateur combinatoire 13 lors de l'émission d'une retenue de dépassement 6 par le premier compteur 2 à modulo programmable, cette partie haute de l'adresse dans la mémoire à accès aléatoire étant reproduite à chaque période du signal d'échantillonnage. 4 par lecture pour le signal audio choisi de la mémoire de pointeurs 16.The device further comprises a pointer memory 16 where the upper part of the address is written by the combinatorial operator 13 when issuing a hold of overrun 6 by the first counter 2 to modulo programmable, this upper part of the address in the random access memory being reproduced at each period of the sampling signal. 4 per reading for the selected audio signal from the pointer memory 16.

    La mémoire de pointeurs 16 conserve la valeur de la partie haute de l'adresse pour ne pas nécessiter un re-calcul inutile à la période d'échantillonnage suivante de la même partie haute ayant une adresse de base 8 inchangée lorsqu'il n'y a pas eu de signal de retenue 6. S'il y a eu un signal de retenue 6, l'adresse de base 8 change par l'intermédiaire du compteur binaire 7 et l'opérateur combinatoire 13 est sollicité pour re-calculer la partie haute des adresses et la stocker dans la mémoire de pointeurs 16. The pointer memory 16 retains the value of the part high of the address so as not to require unnecessary re-calculation at the following sampling period of the same upper part having a base address 8 unchanged when there was no signal from 6. If there was a hold-back 6, the base address 8 changes via the binary counter 7 and the operator combinatory 13 is requested to re-calculate the upper part of addresses and store it in the pointers memory 16.

    La Figure 3, qui est un tableau schématique du raccordement d'une mémoire à accès aléatoire à un microcontrôleur programmable avec démultiplexage du bus d'adresses, permet ainsi la mise en oeuvre de l'invention. Un microcontrôleur 21 est raccordé à la mémoire 103 à accès aléatoire, de façon conventionnelle, par l'intermédiaire d'un bus de données 26, d'un bus d'adresses 30, 31 et d'un bus de contrôle 27. Les échantillons des signaux audio transitent, bien sûr, par le bus de données 26. La partie haute 14 de l'adresse est appliquée à la mémoire 103 par l'intermédiaire d'une partie 30 du bus d'adresses. Sur le bus de contrôle 27, transitent normalement les signaux qui activent la mémoire 103 en lecture ou en écriture, et qui assurent la sélection d'espace d'adressage en mémoire.Figure 3, which is a schematic table of the connection a random access memory to a programmable microcontroller with demultiplexing of the address bus, thus allowing the implementation of the invention. A microcontroller 21 is connected to the memory 103 at random access, in a conventional way, through a data bus 26, an address bus 30, 31 and a control bus 27. The samples of the audio signals pass, of course, through the data bus 26. The upper part 14 of the address is applied to the memory 103 via a portion 30 of the address bus. Sure the control bus 27, normally pass the signals that activate the memory 103 in reading or writing, and which ensure the selection address space in memory.

    Le démultiplexage de l'adresse est assuré par un registre 22 disposé entre le bus de données 26 et la partie restante 31 du bus d'adresses où est appliquée la partie basse 5 de l'adresse. Un décodeur d'adresses 23 est connecté en entrée à la partie 30 du bus d'adresses et au bus de contrôle 27 dont il reçoit les signaux 29 de sélection d'espace d'adressage en mémoire. Ce décodeur 23 génère essentiellement un signal de verrouillage 24 appliqué au registre 22 permettant au microcontrôleur 21 d'écrire dans ce registre 22 la valeur de la partie basse 5 par l'intermédiaire du bus de données 26. Il génère également un signal de sélection d'accès 25 à la mémoire 103 en lecture ou en écriture.The demultiplexing of the address is provided by a register 22 disposed between the data bus 26 and the remaining portion 31 of the bus addresses where the lower part 5 of the address is applied. A address decoder 23 is connected at the input to the part 30 of the bus addresses and to the control bus 27 from which it receives the signals 29 from selection of address space in memory. This decoder 23 generates essentially a locking signal 24 applied to the register 22 allowing the microcontroller 21 to write in this register 22 the value of the lower part 5 via the data bus 26. It also generates a memory access select signal 103 in reading or writing.

    L'intérêt d'utiliser un microcontrôleur plutôt qu'un simple microprocesseur réside dans le fait qu'un microcontrôleur comprend, en interne, tous les circuits de base nécessaires pour exécuter un programme de traitement numérique des signaux sans devoir faire appel à des composants externes. The interest of using a microcontroller rather than a simple microprocessor lies in the fact that a microcontroller includes, in internally, all the basic circuits necessary to perform a digital signal processing program without having to call to external components.

    En effet, l'intégralité des fonctions requises peut alors aisément être effectuée par un programme logiciel exécuté par le microcontrôleur. Un exemple d'un tel programme va maintenant être succinctement décrit à titre non limitatif.Indeed, all the required functions can then be easily be performed by a software program executed by the microcontroller. An example of such a program will now be succinctly described in a non-limiting way.

    Le programme est constitué de deux tâches d'exécution, l'une activée sous interruption matérielle par le signal d'échantillonnage 4, et l'autre en tâche de fond.The program consists of two execution tasks, one activated under hardware interrupt by the signal sampling 4, and the other in the background.

    La tâche sous interruption concerne essentiellement le premier compteur 2 et la mémoire de pointeurs 16. A chaque période d'activation, le premier compteur 2 est décrémenté s'il n'a pas encore atteint la valeur zéro. Dans le cas contraire, la valeur du coefficient rythmique est affectée au compteur 2. Une variable booléenne représentant la retenue 6 est alors positionnée à vrai, tandis qu'une deuxième variable booléenne de permutation des tables des pointeurs de colonnes est inversée.The interrupted task essentially concerns the first counter 2 and the memory pointers 16. In each period activation, the first counter 2 is decremented if it has not yet reaches the value zero. Otherwise, the value of the rhythmic coefficient is assigned to counter 2. A variable Boolean representing the restraint 6 is then set to true, while a second Boolean variable for permutation of tables column pointers are reversed.

    La mémoire de pointeurs 16, qui est une mémoire à accès aléatoire à double port si elle est réalisée sous forme d'un composant électronique, est constituée, sous forme logicielle, de deux tables de pointeurs, dont la longueur est déterminée par le nombre des signaux audio à reproduire. Suivant la valeur binaire de la deuxième variable booléenne précitée, la tâche sous interruption va utiliser l'une ou l'autre de ces deux tables de pointeurs. Comme on va le voir, lorsque l'une des tables est utilisée en lecture par la tâche sous interruption, l'autre table est utilisée en écriture par la tâche de fond pour composer la liste des parties hautes des adresses pour la retenue suivante 6.The pointer memory 16, which is an access memory random dual port if it is performed as a component electronic system, consists, in software form, of two tables of pointers, whose length is determined by the number of signals audio to reproduce. Next binary value of the second variable Boolean above, the interrupted task will use one or the other of these two pointer tables. As we will see, when one of the tables is used for reading by the task under interrupt, the other table is used in writing by the task of background to compose the list of high parts of addresses for the following retention 6.

    En surveillant en permanence l'état à faux de la variable booléenne représentant la retenue, la tâche de fond n'est active que lorsqu'une retenue 6 a été activée. Dès que l'état devient vrai, la retenue est détectée et la tâche de fond va calculer les prochaines parties hautes 14. Pour cela, la tâche de fond affecte d'abord la valeur à faux à la variable booléenne de retenue, incrémente le deuxième compteur 7 et poursuit ensuite, avec la nouvelle adresse de base 8 obtenue, le calcul et l'écriture dans la table des pointeurs de colonnes, des parties hautes pour chaque signal audio choisi 10 entre le premier et le dernier des signaux audio à reproduire.By constantly monitoring the false state of the variable Boolean representing restraint, the background task is active only when a restraint 6 has been activated. As soon as the state becomes true, the hold is detected and the background task will calculate the next 14. For this, the background task first affects the value to false to the Boolean retain variable, increments the second counter 7 and then continues, with the new address of base 8 obtained, the calculation and writing in the table pointers of columns, high parts for each selected audio signal 10 between the first and the last of the audio signals to be reproduced.

    Le dispositif selon l'invention comprend, en outre, de préférence, un pupitre de commande manuel programmable permettant d'ajuster le volume et la balance stéréophonique éventuelle du son de chacune des boucles prises séparément lors de la reproduction, Un tel pupitre peut ne comporter que deux potentiomètres pour régler l'ensemble des boucles, dès lors qu'il présente un clavier permettant à l'utilisateur de choisir le paramètre à régler au moyen des potentiomètres. Les paramètres à contrôler étant ici numériques, le pupitre comprend essentiellement un convertisseur analogique/numérique qui convertit la position du curseur du potentiomètre en une valeur numérique qui va être traité avec le signal phonique. Ensuite, pour un réglage sans discontinuité, une comparaison sera effectuée entre la valeur enregistrée du paramètre et la position du curseur du potentiomètre jusqu'à égalité. Le paramètre suivra ensuite l'évolution analogique du curseur.The device according to the invention furthermore comprises preferably a programmable manual control console to adjust the volume and the possible stereo balance of the sound of each of the loops taken separately during the reproduction, Such a console may only have two potentiometers to adjust all the loops, since it presents a keyboard allowing the user to choose the parameter to be adjusted by means of the potentiometers. The parameters to be controlled here being digital, the console mainly includes an analog / digital converter which converts the position of the potentiometer slider to a value digital that will be processed with the sound signal. Then, for a adjustment without discontinuity, a comparison will be made between the saved value of the parameter and the cursor position of the potentiometer to equal. The parameter will then follow the evolution analog of the cursor.

    Bien que l'on ait représenté et décrit ce que l'on considère actuellement être les modes de réalisation préférés de la présente invention, il est évident que l'Homme de l'Art pourra y apporter différents changements et modifications sans sortir du cadre de la présente invention tel que défini par les revendications jointes. Although we have represented and described what we currently considers to be the preferred embodiments of the present invention, it is obvious that the person skilled in the art could make different changes and modifications without going outside the box of the present invention as defined by the claims attached.

    Notamment lorsque les signaux phoniques d'entrée sont déjà des signaux numériques, par exemple issus d'un disque dur d'un ordinateur ou d'un disque à lecture optique, le dispositif comprend, en outre, un moyen permettant la juxtaposition des boucles. A cet effet, à titre d'exemple, il sera utile d'utiliser un processeur à mémoire à accès direct (DMA) pour adresser la mémoire de transfert des données entre le disque et la mémoire pour ne pas arrêter l'adressage propre aux boucles. Le type d'adressage en mode de page des boucles, tel qu'il a été décrit, rend cela possible, puisqu'il y a un temps disponible à chaque période d'échantillonnage pour que le processeur DMA accède à sa propre mémoire. Pour obtenir alors la corrélation rythmique requise, il est facile d'imposer une adresse initiale du contenu phonique dans la boucle à charger.Especially when the phonic input signals are already digital signals, for example from a hard disk of a computer or optical disc, the device includes, in addition, a means for juxtaposing loops. In this effect, for example, it will be useful to use a processor to direct access memory (DMA) for addressing the transfer memory of data between disk and memory so as not to stop addressing own loops. The type of addressing in page mode of loops, as described, makes this possible, since there is a time available at each sampling period for the processor DMA accesses his own memory. To obtain the correlation required rhythm, it is easy to impose an initial address of the phonic content in the loop to load.

    Par ailleurs, il est possible d'obtenir l'effet sonore dit de 'scratch' par simple manipulation d'un curseur mobile. Cet effet sonore était précédemment obtenu en modifiant manuellement la vitesse angulaire des disques noirs classiques. En effet, avec le dispositif qui vient d'être décrit, on peut aisément piloter la fréquence d'échantillonnage instantanée en fonction de la vitesse du déplacement d'un curseur. Un tel curseur peut, par exemple, être constitué de la partie mobile d'un potentiomètre. En effectuant une dérivation mathématique de la tension de sortie du potentiomètre, on obtient la vitesse de déplacement du curseur -en signe et en amplitude-, laquelle va pouvoir piloter la fréquence d'échantillonnage. Le curseur peut également être constitué par un périphérique d'ordinateur conventionnel, tel que celui qui est généralement appelé "souris".Moreover, it is possible to obtain the sound effect said scratch by simple manipulation of a mobile cursor. This effect sound was previously obtained by manually changing the speed angular classic black disks. Indeed, with the device which has just been described, we can easily control the frequency instantaneous sampling according to the speed of displacement a cursor. Such a cursor may, for example, consist of the moving part of a potentiometer. By doing a derivation mathematical of the output voltage of the potentiometer, we get the speed of movement of the cursor - in sign and amplitude - which will be able to control the sampling frequency. The cursor can also be constituted by a computer peripheral conventional, such as the one usually called "mouse".

    Claims (14)

    1. Method for recording in cyclic loops several sound sequences, for them simultaneous reproduction, by means of a device using sampled sound signals and comprising a memory, a unit for controlling the memory and means for reproducing sounds, characterized by the following steps :
      triggering loops with default values, so that they function substantially permanently with their desired values in terms of a tempo common to all of the loops, of the desired number of measures for each of said loops and of the sampling frequency; and
      recording the sound signals for at least one definite loop.
    2. Method according to claim 1 characterized by the fact that the default values of the said loops are previously defined.
    3. Method according to claims 1 or 2
      characterized by the fact that the said memory being a random access type memory and the said control unit including a cyclic addresses generator dedicated to each of the loops, triggering with default values the cyclic addresses generators dedicated to each of the loops, so that the said generators work permanently in a cyclic way.
    4. Method according to anyone of the previous claims, characterized by limiting the recording time to the strict length of the defined loop, the said length being defined in function of the tempo, the number of measures of the said loop and the sampling frequency.
    5. Method according to anyone of the previous claims, characterized by the fact that loops are wheelslided to be placed side by side each others to reach a better beat coincidence.
    6. Device to work as the method according to one of the claims from 3 to 5, the said device using sampled sound signals including a random access memory (103), an operating unit (101) of the memory including a cyclic addresses generator dedicated to each of the loops and means for reproducing sounds, characterized by the fact that the said addresses generators dedicated to each of said loops work permanently in a cyclic way depending on the sampling frequency, never later than the very moment the said recording starts, with some given default values for the loops.
    7. Device according to claim 6, characterized by the fact that it comprises means to change the said default values of the loops, and specially to give a common tempo for all of the loops, the number of measures to each loop before recording, and the sampling frequency value.
    8. Device according to claims 6 or 7, characterized by the fact that it furthermore comprises a cyclic sequence addresses common generator working at the rate of the sampling frequency and controlling the said addresses generators dedicated to each loop, the memory being successively addressed with the both linked and side by side placed addresses, meaning the one given by the said dedicated generator, and the one given by the said common generator.
    9. Device according to claim 8 characterized by the fact that it furthermore comprises a memory for addresses, in which are successively written the addresses dedicated to samples of concerned loops, the random access memory being thus addressed with the content read from the said memory for addresses, as long as the said common generator has not reached yet its whole revolution.
    10. Device according to one of the previous claims from 6 to 9, characterized by the fact that it furthermore comprises means to place loops side by side specially when the input sound signals are already digitalized.
    11. Device according to one of the previous claims from 6 to 10, characterized by the fact that it furthermore comprises means for restricting the said recording time to the recorded loop length itself.
    12. Device according to one of the previous claims from 6 to 11, characterized by the fact that it comprises a metronome working on the same tempo.
    13. Device according to one of the previous claims from 6 to 11, characterized by the fact that it comprises a manual controlling desk to adjust for each loop to reproduce the mixing levels in terms of volume and stereo balance, and, furthermore, eventually to adjust in the same terms the mixing levels of every loop simultaneously.
    14. Device according to claim 13, characterized by the fact that it furthermore comprises a moving cursor which speed proportionally controls in real time the sampling rate frequency.
    EP97937616A 1996-08-12 1997-08-11 Method and device for recording in cyclic loops several sound sequences Expired - Lifetime EP0978116B1 (en)

    Applications Claiming Priority (3)

    Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
    FR9610109 1996-08-12
    FR9610109A FR2752323B1 (en) 1996-08-12 1996-08-12 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR RECORDING MULTIPLE PHONE SEQUENCES IN CYCLIC LOOPS
    PCT/FR1997/001477 WO1998007140A1 (en) 1996-08-12 1997-08-11 Method and device for recording in cyclic loops several sound sequences

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    EP0978116A1 EP0978116A1 (en) 2000-02-09
    EP0978116B1 true EP0978116B1 (en) 2005-03-16

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    EP (1) EP0978116B1 (en)
    AU (1) AU4018197A (en)
    CA (1) CA2263365C (en)
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    US6574685B1 (en) * 1999-04-07 2003-06-03 Stephen R. Schwartz Sampling tuning system including replay of a selected data stream
    GB0018296D0 (en) * 2000-07-27 2000-09-13 Chamings Ian Computer aided mixing system
    JP2013050530A (en) 2011-08-30 2013-03-14 Casio Comput Co Ltd Recording and reproducing device, and program
    US9286872B2 (en) * 2013-07-12 2016-03-15 Intelliterran Inc. Portable recording, looping, and playback system for acoustic instruments
    JP6155950B2 (en) * 2013-08-12 2017-07-05 カシオ計算機株式会社 Sampling apparatus, sampling method and program
    US10741155B2 (en) 2013-12-06 2020-08-11 Intelliterran, Inc. Synthesized percussion pedal and looping station
    US9905210B2 (en) 2013-12-06 2018-02-27 Intelliterran Inc. Synthesized percussion pedal and docking station
    JP6435751B2 (en) * 2014-09-29 2018-12-12 ヤマハ株式会社 Performance recording / playback device, program
    JP7193167B2 (en) 2017-08-29 2022-12-20 インテリテラン,インク. Apparatus, system and method for recording and rendering multimedia

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    EP0278438B1 (en) * 1987-02-06 1995-11-02 Yamaha Corporation Multi-recording apparatus of an electronic musical instrument
    US5194681A (en) * 1989-09-22 1993-03-16 Yamaha Corporation Musical tone generating apparatus
    JP3068226B2 (en) * 1991-02-27 2000-07-24 株式会社リコス Back chorus synthesizer
    US5583650A (en) * 1992-09-01 1996-12-10 Hitachi America, Ltd. Digital recording and playback device error correction methods and apparatus for use with trick play data
    US5583652A (en) * 1994-04-28 1996-12-10 International Business Machines Corporation Synchronized, variable-speed playback of digitally recorded audio and video

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    FR2752323B1 (en) 1998-09-18
    AU4018197A (en) 1998-03-06
    DE69732797D1 (en) 2005-04-21
    CA2263365C (en) 2011-04-19
    US20030171933A1 (en) 2003-09-11
    CA2263365A1 (en) 1998-02-19
    EP0978116A1 (en) 2000-02-09
    FR2752323A1 (en) 1998-02-13
    WO1998007140A1 (en) 1998-02-19
    DE69732797T2 (en) 2006-01-12

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