EP0975869A1 - Fuel injection system for an internal combustion engine with a common rail - Google Patents

Fuel injection system for an internal combustion engine with a common rail

Info

Publication number
EP0975869A1
EP0975869A1 EP98920531A EP98920531A EP0975869A1 EP 0975869 A1 EP0975869 A1 EP 0975869A1 EP 98920531 A EP98920531 A EP 98920531A EP 98920531 A EP98920531 A EP 98920531A EP 0975869 A1 EP0975869 A1 EP 0975869A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
injection system
fuel injection
common rail
fuel
crankcase
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP98920531A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0975869B1 (en
Inventor
Christian-Paul Stelzer
Jürgen Giesselmann
Franz Edmaier
Werner Leicht
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rolls Royce Solutions GmbH
Original Assignee
MTU Friedrichshafen GmbH
MTU Motoren und Turbinen Union Friedrichshafen GmbH
MTU Motoren und Turbinen Union Muenchen GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by MTU Friedrichshafen GmbH, MTU Motoren und Turbinen Union Friedrichshafen GmbH, MTU Motoren und Turbinen Union Muenchen GmbH filed Critical MTU Friedrichshafen GmbH
Publication of EP0975869A1 publication Critical patent/EP0975869A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0975869B1 publication Critical patent/EP0975869B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M55/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by their fuel conduits or their venting means; Arrangements of conduits between fuel tank and pump F02M37/00
    • F02M55/02—Conduits between injection pumps and injectors, e.g. conduits between pump and common-rail or conduits between common-rail and injectors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M55/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by their fuel conduits or their venting means; Arrangements of conduits between fuel tank and pump F02M37/00
    • F02M55/02—Conduits between injection pumps and injectors, e.g. conduits between pump and common-rail or conduits between common-rail and injectors
    • F02M55/025—Common rails
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/18—Fuel-injection apparatus having means for maintaining safety not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/185—Fuel-injection apparatus having means for maintaining safety not otherwise provided for means for improving crash safety

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fuel injection system for an internal combustion engine with a common rail according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • fuel injection systems which have fuel injectors for injecting fuel into the combustion chambers of the internal combustion engine and a so-called common rail rail supplied with fuel by a high pressure pump, the fuel being fed from the latter to the injectors via high pressure lines.
  • a fuel injection system for an internal combustion engine which has fuel injectors for injecting fuel into the combustion chambers and a common rail rail supplied with fuel by a high pressure pump, of which the
  • Fuel is supplied to the injectors via high pressure lines.
  • the common rail is integrated into the wall of a cylinder head cover arranged on the internal combustion engine. It is considered advantageous in the cited document that the manufacturing and assembly work is reduced and that the common rail is arranged to be protected against vibrations and damage. However, it appears to be disadvantageous that disassembly of the cylinder head cover is not possible without loosening the high-pressure lines connected to the common rail.
  • An internal combustion engine is known from EP 0637687 A1, in which channels are provided in the form of bores in the cylinder housing of the internal combustion engine for supplying fuel to individual injection pumps designed as plug-in pumps as fuel feed and fuel return.
  • these fuel channels only serve to supply and discharge the fuel to the plug-in pumps, but it is not an injection system with a common rail.
  • US Pat. No. 3,845,748 discloses an internal combustion engine in which a fuel injector is arranged in a first bore in the cylinder head of the internal combustion engine and a tube leading to the fuel injector for supplying fuel in a second through the
  • Cylinder head leading bore is arranged, which is at right angles to the first bore.
  • An annular space remaining between the fuel supply pipe and the inner wall of the second bore serves as the fuel return.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a fuel injection system for an internal combustion engine which is simple in construction, accident-proof and less prone to failure.
  • the fuel injection system according to the invention is provided for an internal combustion engine, in particular a diesel engine, the internal combustion engine having a crankcase and one or more cylinder heads.
  • the fuel injection system has fuel injectors for injecting fuel into the combustion chambers of the internal combustion engine and a common rail rail, which is supplied with fuel by a high-pressure pump and from which the fuel is supplied to the injectors via a high-pressure line system.
  • the common rail is received on or in a wall of the crankcase of the engine.
  • An advantage of the fuel injection system according to the invention is that a compact construction of the internal combustion engine is possible by accommodating the common rail rail in or on a wall of the crankcase.
  • the accommodation in the area of the crankcase disrupts the contour of the internal combustion engine little and does not restrict the limited installation space in the area of the cylinder head.
  • the injection system is also well protected against external damage.
  • the common rail is arranged in a channel running parallel to the longitudinal axis of the crankcase, integrated in the crankcase, or in one formed by crankcase walls and a charge air tube Channel is recorded.
  • the common rail is tubular.
  • tubular common rail is arranged in a longitudinal bore parallel to the longitudinal axis of the crankcase. This enables the common rail to be mounted in a precise manner in radial and axial directions, the common rail being able to be mounted in a particularly vibration-proof manner.
  • tubular common rail rail z. B. by means of O-rings in the longitudinal bore. This type of storage is simple, precise and vibration-proof.
  • the channel housing the common rail forms a liquid-tight leakage space which is provided with means for discharging leakage quantities.
  • the leakage space is advantageously provided with a control hole for indicating the amount of leakage that occurs.
  • the encapsulation of the high-pressure line system advantageously takes place by arranging the same in holes provided in the cylinder head.
  • the common rail is arranged close to the cylinder head in the crankcase, and that Common rail has high-pressure connections accessible through mounting openings provided in the crankcase and / or in the cylinder head, to which the high-pressure lines leading to the injectors are connected. It is particularly advantageous here if the mounting openings are arranged in such a way that both the high-pressure connections and the injectors and the high-pressure lines are accessible and mountable through them. This enables an advantageous reduction in assembly and maintenance costs.
  • the mounting openings can either be closed by a cover, or it is advantageously provided that the cylinder head is constructed in several parts, and that the mounting openings are closed by an easily removable part of the cylinder head.
  • a charge air pipe provided in the internal combustion engine is designed as the aforementioned easily removable part of the cylinder head. It is particularly advantageous to provide the mounting openings on the side of the cylinder head and to close them with the charge air pipe.
  • the assembly openings and air inlet ducts leading from the charge air pipe to the combustion chambers of the internal combustion engine are essentially arranged in a row in a sealing surface between the cylinder head and the charge air pipe. This considerably simplifies the manufacture of the openings and sealing surfaces on the cylinder head and on the charge air pipe. Furthermore, it is possible in this embodiment and it is particularly advantageous to seal the mounting openings and the air inlet channels on the sealing surface by means of a common seal.
  • the charge air pipe has a drainage channel running parallel to the longitudinal axis of the crankcase for receiving leakage and control fuel quantities occurring at the injectors, into which leakage and control fuel channels leading to the injectors open. This can be developed so that the leakage and
  • Control fuel channels are in communication with the bores housing the injectors, the injectors being designed so that they discharge the leakage and control fuel quantities into the bores. This leads to a further simplification of the fuel injection system. It is favorable to let the leakage and control fuel passages pass through the sealing surface containing the assembly openings and to seal them in the sealing surface with the seal that seals the assembly openings and the charge air pipe against one another.
  • the common rail is led out of the crankcase at at least one end for connecting a line leading to the high-pressure pump and / or a pressure sensor. It is advantageous to connect the line leading to the high-pressure pump and the pressure sensor at the same end to the common rail.
  • Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view through an essential part of the
  • FIG. 2 shows a sectional view through the same part of the cylinder head as in FIG. 1, but offset in parallel in the longitudinal direction of the internal combustion engine along the line II-II in FIG. 5;
  • FIG. 3 shows a cross-sectional view corresponding to FIG. 1 of a further embodiment
  • Figure 4 is a sectional view corresponding to Figure 2 of the embodiment of Figure 3;
  • Figure 5 is a plan view of an essential component of the invention
  • FIG. 6 shows a longitudinal section through an end of the common rail of the fuel injection system led out of the crankcase of the internal combustion engine along the line VI-VI in FIG. 5;
  • FIG. 7 shows a longitudinal section through the other end of the common rail in the region of the end of the crankcase of the internal combustion engine (section line Vll-Vll).
  • FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional view of part of a cylinder head of an internal combustion engine, which shows essential components of the fuel injection system according to the invention.
  • the internal combustion engine has a crankcase 1, of which only a small part is shown in the figure, and a plurality of cylinder heads, of which a cylinder head 2 is shown.
  • a high-pressure line 5 with an intermediate store 37 and a backflow throttle is arranged in a bore 29.
  • the high-pressure line 5 leads via a pressure piece 42 to a fuel injector 36 (see FIG. 5), which is used to inject fuel into the associated combustion chamber, the cylinder 14, of the internal combustion engine.
  • the high-pressure line 5 is connected to a common rail 3 in the area of the line section 7 via a connection 8.
  • the common rail 3 is supplied with fuel by a high-pressure pump, not shown in the figure, and is held there under pressure in the manner of an oil-elastic accumulator and, when the fuel injector 36 is actuated, into the combustion chamber at a predetermined time and in a predetermined quantity
  • the common rail 3 is arranged in the upper part of the crankcase 1 facing the cylinder head 2 in a channel 6 running parallel to the longitudinal axis thereof.
  • the common rail 3 is designed in the form of a tube and the channel 6 is provided as a longitudinal bore running parallel to the longitudinal axis of the crankcase 1.
  • an assembly opening 28 is provided on the side of the cylinder head 2, through which the high-pressure lines 5 and 7 and the connection 8 of the
  • High-pressure line 7 on the common rail 3 are accessible and can be assembled and disassembled.
  • a charge air pipe 4 is arranged on the side of the internal combustion engine and serves to supply air, preferably compressed by means of an exhaust gas turbocharger, to the combustion chambers of the internal combustion engine.
  • FIG. 2 shows an inlet duct 15 leading from the charge air pipe 4 to the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine, the camshaft 13 and a tappet 16 of the valve train of the internal combustion engine.
  • the inlet duct 15 is essentially in alignment with the camshaft 13 and a tappet 16 of the valve train of the internal combustion engine.
  • the mounting openings 28 and the air inlet ducts 15 are arranged essentially in a row on the side of the cylinder head or cylinders, and have a common one Sealing surface 33, on which a seal 32 provided between the cylinder head 1 and the charge air pipe 4 is arranged. While the air inlet duct 15 communicates with the air-guiding part of the charge air tube 4, the part of the charge air tube located above the assembly opening 28 is closed off from the air-guiding part, so that the assembly opening 28 is hermetically sealed to the outside by the charge air tube 4 through the seal 32.
  • the charge air pipe 4 can be regarded as part of the cylinder head 2, which is thus formed in two parts.
  • the seal 32 is jointly provided for the air inlet ducts 15 and the mounting openings 28 of the cylinder heads 2 supplied by the charge air pipe 4.
  • the mounting openings 28 can also be closed by individual sealing covers.
  • the common rail 3 and the high pressure lines 5 and 7 and the fuel injectors 36 are encapsulated liquid-tight to the outside, a liquid-tight leakage space 11 being formed which receives any fuel escaping due to leakages or leaks in the screw connections.
  • Any leakage quantities of this type collect in a leakage discharge 9 at the bottom of the channel 6.
  • a control hole provided in the crankcase 1 of the internal combustion engine at the level of the leakage discharge discharge 9 makes it possible to indicate the occurrence of leakage quantities.
  • a leakage and control fuel channel 30 leads to a drainage channel 12, which runs parallel to the longitudinal axis of the crankcase in the charge air pipe 4 and which serves to receive leakage and control fuel quantities occurring at the injectors 36.
  • Such leakage and control fuel quantities, which occur directly at the injectors 36, are not released into the leakage space 11 provided in the area of the common rail 3, but collect within the bore 38 and pass through the leakage and control fuel channel 30 to the Drain channel 12 through which they are returned to the fuel injection system.
  • the leakage and control fuel channels 30 also lead through the sealing surface 32 containing the mounting openings 28 and the air inlet channels 15 and are sealed there by seals 31.
  • the common rail 3 is arranged between the crankcase 1 and a charge air pipe 4.
  • the parts of the fuel injection system essentially correspond to those in FIG. 1 and are therefore identified by the same reference numbers.
  • the channel 40 formed by the crankcase 1 and the charge air pipe 4 runs parallel to the longitudinal axis of the crankcase.
  • the channel 40 forms together with the leakage space 11, which is from the charge air pipe 4th and a cover 39 and the cylinder head 2 and crankcase walls is a liquid-tight space for the common rail.
  • the parts of the high-pressure line system are easily accessible by disassembling the cover 39 and / or the charge air tube 4.
  • the cover consisting of the charge air pipe offers space-saving protection for the high pressure line system.
  • FIG. 4 which shows a view corresponding to FIG. 2 of the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 3, shows the mounting of the common rail on the crankcase by means of retaining clips 41 which are screwed to the crankcase.
  • retaining clips 41 which are screwed to the crankcase.
  • FIG. 5 is a top view of a cylinder head of an internal combustion engine, in which an injector 36 with a leakage and control bore 38 is shown.
  • the high pressure line 5 is over a
  • Pressure piece 42 connected to the injector 36.
  • the holes 38 and 29 are connected to each other for the discharge of leakage and control fuel.
  • the common rail 3 is led out of the crankcase 1 at one end and has a connection 25 for a high-pressure pump supplying the common rail 3 with fuel and a connection 26 for one Provide pressure sensor for monitoring the pressure in the common rail 3.
  • These connections 25 and 26 are provided in a shield 20 covering the led-out end of the common rail 3, which supports the common rail 3 by means of O-rings 22 arranged in grooves 24 and by means of an O-ring 27 against the Crankcase 1 is sealed.
  • the end of the common rail 3 is closed by means of a sealing plug 35 screwed into an internal thread provided there.
  • FIG. 7 shows the second end of the common rail 3, which is located at the end of the crankcase 1, which has a wheel drive for controlling intake and exhaust valves of the internal combustion engine. Only one camshaft gear 17 is shown. This end is supported in the bore 6 by means of O-rings 23 arranged in grooves 24 and at the same time sealed against it. This end of the common rail 3 is closed by a plug 19 with a sealing plate screwed into an internal thread provided there.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a fuel injection system for an internal combustion engine, specially a diesel engine, comprising a crankcase (1) and cylinder heads. Said system is provided with injectors (36) to inject fuel into the combustion chambers of the internal combustion engine and a high pressure pump which supplies fuel to a common rail (3) supplying fuel to the injectors (36) via high pressure lines ( 5 and 7). According to the invention, the common rail (3) is lodged in or on the walls of the crankcase (1). This arrangement of the common rail track (3) and preferably also that of the fuel injectors (36) and the high pressure lines (5 and 7) in the housing of the internal combustion engine optimally protects the fuel injection system from external influence and damages while at the same time hermetically closing it from the outside by forming an internal leakage chamber (11).

Description

B E S C H R E I B U N G DESCRIPTION
Kraftstoffeinspritzsystem für einen Verbrennungsmotor mit einer Common-Rail-SchieneFuel injection system for an internal combustion engine with a common rail
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Kraftstoffeinspritzsystem für eine Brennkraftmaschine mit einer Common- Rail-Schiene gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a fuel injection system for an internal combustion engine with a common rail according to the preamble of claim 1.
Bei Brennkraftmaschinen, insbesondere großvolumigen Dieselmotoren werden Kraftstoffeinspritzsysteme verwendet, welche Kraftstoffinjektoren zum Einspritzen von Kraftstoff in die Brennräume der Brennkraftmaschine und eine durch eine Hochdruckpumpe mit Kraftstoff versorgte sogenannte Common-Rail-Schiene aufweisen, wobei der Kraftstoff von der letzteren über Hochdruckleitungen den Injektoren zugeführt wird.In internal combustion engines, in particular large-volume diesel engines, fuel injection systems are used which have fuel injectors for injecting fuel into the combustion chambers of the internal combustion engine and a so-called common rail rail supplied with fuel by a high pressure pump, the fuel being fed from the latter to the injectors via high pressure lines.
Es besteht allgemein die Bestrebung, Brennkraftmaschinen und ihre Kraftstoffeinspritzsysteme einfacher aufzubauen und wartungsfreundlicher und möglichst wenig störungsanfällig zu gestalten.There is a general effort to make internal combustion engines and their fuel injection systems simpler and more maintenance-friendly and less prone to failure.
Aus der EP 0690 221 A1 ist ein Kraftstoffeinspritzsystem für eine Brennkraftmaschine bekannt, das Kraftstoffinjektoren zum Einspritzen von Kraftstoff in die Brennräume und eine durch eine Hochdruckpumpe mit Kraftstoff versorgte Common-Rail-Schiene aufweist, von welcher derFrom EP 0690 221 A1 a fuel injection system for an internal combustion engine is known, which has fuel injectors for injecting fuel into the combustion chambers and a common rail rail supplied with fuel by a high pressure pump, of which the
Kraftstoff über Hochdruckleitungen zu den Injektoren geliefert wird. Dabei ist die Common-Rail- Schiene in die Wand eines an der Brennkraftmaschine angeordneten Zylinderkopfdeckels integriert. Als vorteilhaft wird es in der genannten Druckschrift angesehen, daß der Fertigungs- und Montageaufwand reduziert und die Common-Rail-Schiene gegen Schwingungen und Beschädigungen geschützt angeordnet ist. Nachteilig erscheint jedoch, daß eine Demontage des Zylinderkopfdeckels nicht ohne ein Lösen der mit der Common-Rail-Schiene verbundenen Hochdruckleitungen möglich ist.Fuel is supplied to the injectors via high pressure lines. The common rail is integrated into the wall of a cylinder head cover arranged on the internal combustion engine. It is considered advantageous in the cited document that the manufacturing and assembly work is reduced and that the common rail is arranged to be protected against vibrations and damage. However, it appears to be disadvantageous that disassembly of the cylinder head cover is not possible without loosening the high-pressure lines connected to the common rail.
Weiterhin ist aus dem DE-GM 75 15 413 eine Brennkraftmaschine mit einem Kraftstoffeinspritzsystem bekannt, bei dem alle für die Kraftstoffleitung erforderlichen Kanäle in einem Strangpressprofil parallel verlaufend angeordnet sind, wobei das Strangpressprofil Bestandteil der Motorverkleidung oder der Kühlluftführung ist. Hierdurch soll eine betriebssichere, raumsparende und leicht montierbare Anordnung der Kraftstoffleitungen geschaffen werden. Jedoch auch hier erscheint es als nachteilig, daß bei einer etwa für Wartungsarbeiten erforderlichen Demontage der Motorverkleidung oder Kühlluftführung auch alle Anschlüsse der Kraftstoffkanäle an dem Strangpressprofil gelöst werden müssen. Aus der EP 0637687 A1 ist eine Brennkraftmaschine bekannt, bei der zur Zuführung von Kraftstoff zu in Form von Steckpumpen ausgebildeten Einzeleinspritzpumpen als Kraftstoffvorlauf und Kraftstoffrücklauf dienende Kanäle in Form von Bohrungen im Zylindergehäuse der Brennkraftmaschine vorgesehen sind. Diese Kraftstoffkanäle dienen jedoch lediglich der Zuführung und Abführung des Kraftstoffs zu den Steckpumpen, es handelt sich dabei jedoch nicht um ein Einspritzsystem mit einer Common-Rail-Schiene.Furthermore, from DE-GM 75 15 413 an internal combustion engine with a fuel injection system is known in which all the channels required for the fuel line are arranged in parallel in an extruded profile, the extruded profile being part of the engine cover or the cooling air duct. This is intended to create a reliable, space-saving and easy-to-assemble arrangement of the fuel lines. However, it also appears to be disadvantageous here that when the engine cowling or cooling air duct is dismantled, possibly for maintenance work, all connections of the fuel channels on the extruded profile must also be disconnected. An internal combustion engine is known from EP 0637687 A1, in which channels are provided in the form of bores in the cylinder housing of the internal combustion engine for supplying fuel to individual injection pumps designed as plug-in pumps as fuel feed and fuel return. However, these fuel channels only serve to supply and discharge the fuel to the plug-in pumps, but it is not an injection system with a common rail.
Schließlich ist aus der US 3 845 748 eine Brennkraftmaschine bekannt, bei der ein Kraftstoffinjektor in einer ersten Bohrung im Zylinderkopf der Brennkraftmaschine angeordnet ist und eine zu dem Kraftsoffinjektor führende Röhre zur Zuführung von Kraftstoff in einer zweiten durch denFinally, US Pat. No. 3,845,748 discloses an internal combustion engine in which a fuel injector is arranged in a first bore in the cylinder head of the internal combustion engine and a tube leading to the fuel injector for supplying fuel in a second through the
Zylinderkopf führenden Bohrung angeordnet ist, welche im rechten Winkel zu der ersten Bohrung verläuft. Ein zwischen der Kraftstoffzuführungsröhre und der Innenwand der zweiten Bohrung verbleibender ringförmiger Raum dient als Kraftstoffrücklauf.Cylinder head leading bore is arranged, which is at right angles to the first bore. An annular space remaining between the fuel supply pipe and the inner wall of the second bore serves as the fuel return.
Die Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es ein Kraftstoffeinspritzsystem für eine Brennkraftmaschine zu schaffen, das einfach aufgebaut, unfallsicher und wenig störanfällig ist.The object of the invention is to provide a fuel injection system for an internal combustion engine which is simple in construction, accident-proof and less prone to failure.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch ein Kraftstoffeinspritzsystem mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 gelöst.This object is achieved by a fuel injection system with the features of claim 1.
Das erfindungsgemäße Kraftstoffeinspritzsystem ist für eine Brennkraftmaschine, insbesondere einen Dieselmotor vorgesehen, wobei die Brennkraftmaschine ein Kurbelgehäuse und einen oder mehrere Zylinderköpfe aufweist. Das Kraftstoffeinspritzsystem verfügt über Kraftstoffinjektoren zum Einspritzen von Kraftstoff in die Brennräume der Brennkraftmaschine und eine durch eine Hochdruckpumpe mit Kraftstoff versorgte Common-Rail-Schiene, von der der Kraftstoff über ein Hochdruckleitungssystem zu den Injektoren geliefert wird. Gemäß der Erfindung ist es vorgesehen, daß die Common-Rail-Schiene an oder in einer Wand des Kurbelgehäuses des Motors aufgenommen ist.The fuel injection system according to the invention is provided for an internal combustion engine, in particular a diesel engine, the internal combustion engine having a crankcase and one or more cylinder heads. The fuel injection system has fuel injectors for injecting fuel into the combustion chambers of the internal combustion engine and a common rail rail, which is supplied with fuel by a high-pressure pump and from which the fuel is supplied to the injectors via a high-pressure line system. According to the invention, it is provided that the common rail is received on or in a wall of the crankcase of the engine.
Ein Vorteil des erfindungsgemäßen Kraftstoffeinspritzsystems ist es, daß durch die Aufnahme der Common-Rail-Schiene in oder an einer Wand des Kurbelgehäuses eine kompakte Bauweise der Brennkraftmaschine möglich ist. Die Unterbringung im Bereich des Kurbelghäuses stört den Konturverlauf der Brennkraftmaschine wenig und engt den knappen Bauraum im Bereich des Zylinderkopfs nicht ein. Insbesondere ist das Einspritzsystem auch gegen äußere Beschädigung gut geschützt.An advantage of the fuel injection system according to the invention is that a compact construction of the internal combustion engine is possible by accommodating the common rail rail in or on a wall of the crankcase. The accommodation in the area of the crankcase disrupts the contour of the internal combustion engine little and does not restrict the limited installation space in the area of the cylinder head. In particular, the injection system is also well protected against external damage.
Gemäß einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist es vorgesehen, daß die Common-Rail-Schiene in einem parallel zur Längsachse des Kurbelgehäuses verlaufenden, im Kurbelgehäuse integrierten Kanal angeordnet oder in einem von Kurbelgehäusewandungen und einem Ladeluftrohr gebildeten Kanal aufgenommen ist. Dadurch ist eine glatte äußere Kontur der Brennkraftmaschine ohne störende Leitungen realisierbar.According to a development of the invention, it is provided that the common rail is arranged in a channel running parallel to the longitudinal axis of the crankcase, integrated in the crankcase, or in one formed by crankcase walls and a charge air tube Channel is recorded. As a result, a smooth outer contour of the internal combustion engine can be realized without disruptive lines.
Gemäß einer anderen Weiterbildung ist die Common-Rail-Schiene rohrförmig ausgebildet.According to another development, the common rail is tubular.
Von besonderem Vorteil ist eine Ausbildung der Erfindung, bei der die rohrförmige Common-Rail- Schiene in einer parallel zur Längsachse des Kurbelgehäuses verlaufenden Längsbohrung angeordnet ist. Dies ermöglicht auf einfache Weise eine paßgenaue Lagerung der Common-Rail- Schiene in radialer und axialer Richtung, wobei die Common-Rail-Schiene besonders schwingungssicher gelagert werden kann.Of particular advantage is an embodiment of the invention in which the tubular common rail is arranged in a longitudinal bore parallel to the longitudinal axis of the crankcase. This enables the common rail to be mounted in a precise manner in radial and axial directions, the common rail being able to be mounted in a particularly vibration-proof manner.
Hierbei ist es besonders von Vorteil, die rohrförmige Common-Rail-Schiene z. B. mittels O-Ringen in der Längsbohrung zu lagern. Diese Art der Lagerung ist einfach, paßgenau und schwingungssicher.It is particularly advantageous here that the tubular common rail rail z. B. by means of O-rings in the longitudinal bore. This type of storage is simple, precise and vibration-proof.
Von besonderem Vorteil ist es, die Common-Rail-Schiene flüssigkeitsdicht gekapselt im Kurbelgehäuse der Brennkraftmaschine anzuordnen.It is particularly advantageous to arrange the common rail in a liquid-tight, encapsulated manner in the crankcase of the internal combustion engine.
Dies wird vorteilhaft dadurch weitergebildet, daß der die Common-Rail-Schiene beherbergende Kanal einen flüssigkeitsdichten Leckageraum bildet, der mit Mitteln zur Abführung von Leckagemengen versehen ist.This is advantageously further developed in that the channel housing the common rail forms a liquid-tight leakage space which is provided with means for discharging leakage quantities.
Vorteilhafterweise ist bei dieser Ausführungsform der Leckageraum mit einer Kontrollbohrung zur Anzeige von auftretenden Leckagemengen versehen.In this embodiment, the leakage space is advantageously provided with a control hole for indicating the amount of leakage that occurs.
In Kombination mit der in oder an einer Wand des Kurbelgehäuses der Brennkraftmaschine integrierten Anordnung der Common-Rail-Schiene ist es von besonderem Vorteil, auch die die Injektoren mit der Common-Rail-Schiene verbindenden Hochdruckleitungen und die Injektoren selbst im Gehäuse der Brennkraftmaschine gekapselt unterzubringen. Dies führt zu einem vollständigen Schutz des gesamten Einspritzsystems gegen Beschädigung durch äußere Einflüsse und ermöglicht eine vollständig glatte äußere Kontur der Brennkraftmaschine ohne irgendwelche Leitungen oder hervorstehenden Teile.In combination with the arrangement of the common rail rail integrated in or on a wall of the crankcase of the internal combustion engine, it is particularly advantageous to also encapsulate the high pressure lines connecting the injectors to the common rail rail and the injectors themselves in the housing of the internal combustion engine . This leads to complete protection of the entire injection system against damage from external influences and enables a completely smooth outer contour of the internal combustion engine without any lines or protruding parts.
Die Kapselung des Hochdruckleitungssystems geschieht vorteilhafterweise durch eine Anordnung desselben in im Zylinderkopf vorgesehenen Bohrungen.The encapsulation of the high-pressure line system advantageously takes place by arranging the same in holes provided in the cylinder head.
Die beiden letztgenannten Ausführungsformen sind vorteilhafterweise dadurch weitergebildet, daß die Common-Rail-Schiene nahe am Zylinderkopf im Kurbelgehäuse angeordnet ist, und daß die Common-Rail-Schiene durch im Kurbelgehäuse und/oder im Zylinderkopf vorgesehene Montageöffnungen zugängliche Hochdruckanschlüsse aufweist, an welchen die zu den Injektoren führenden Hochdruckleitungen angeschlossen sind. Hierbei ist es besonders von Vorteil, wenn die Montageöffnungen so angeordnet sind, daß durch diese sowohl die Hochdruckanschlüsse als auch die Injektoren und die Hochdruckleitungen zugänglich und montierbar sind. Dies ermöglicht eine vorteilhafte Verminderung des Montage- und Wartungsaufwandes.The latter two embodiments are advantageously further developed in that the common rail is arranged close to the cylinder head in the crankcase, and that Common rail has high-pressure connections accessible through mounting openings provided in the crankcase and / or in the cylinder head, to which the high-pressure lines leading to the injectors are connected. It is particularly advantageous here if the mounting openings are arranged in such a way that both the high-pressure connections and the injectors and the high-pressure lines are accessible and mountable through them. This enables an advantageous reduction in assembly and maintenance costs.
Die Montageöffnungen können entweder durch Verschlußdeckel verschlossen sein, oder es ist vorteilhafterweise vorgesehen, daß der Zylinderkopf mehrteilig ausgebildet ist, und daß die Montageöffnungen durch ein leicht demontierbares Teil des Zylinderkopfs verschlossen sind.The mounting openings can either be closed by a cover, or it is advantageously provided that the cylinder head is constructed in several parts, and that the mounting openings are closed by an easily removable part of the cylinder head.
Gemäß einer besonders vorteilhaften Ausführungsform ist ein bei der Brennkraftmaschine vorgesehenes Ladeluftrohr als dieses vorstehend genannte leicht demontierbare Teil des Zylinderkopfs ausgebildet. Dabei ist es besonders günstig, die Montageöffnungen seitlich am Zylinderkopf vorzusehen und durch das Ladeluftrohr zu verschließen.According to a particularly advantageous embodiment, a charge air pipe provided in the internal combustion engine is designed as the aforementioned easily removable part of the cylinder head. It is particularly advantageous to provide the mounting openings on the side of the cylinder head and to close them with the charge air pipe.
Vorteilhafterweise sind hierbei die Montageöffnungen und von dem Ladeluftrohr zu den Brennräumen der Brennkraftmaschine führende Lufteinlaßkanäle im wesentlichen in einer Reihe in einer Dichtungsfläche zwischen dem Zylinderkopf und dem Ladeluftrohr angeordnet. Hierdurch wird die Herstellung der Öffnungen und Dichtungsflächen am Zylinderkopf und am Ladeluftrohr wesentlich vereinfacht. Weiterhin bietet es sich bei dieser Ausführungsform an und ist es von besonderem Vorteil, die Montageöffnungen und die Lufteinlaßkanäle an der Dichtungsfläche durch eine gemeinsame Dichtung abzudichten.Advantageously, the assembly openings and air inlet ducts leading from the charge air pipe to the combustion chambers of the internal combustion engine are essentially arranged in a row in a sealing surface between the cylinder head and the charge air pipe. This considerably simplifies the manufacture of the openings and sealing surfaces on the cylinder head and on the charge air pipe. Furthermore, it is possible in this embodiment and it is particularly advantageous to seal the mounting openings and the air inlet channels on the sealing surface by means of a common seal.
Der Vorteil der vorstehend genannten Ausführungsformen, bei denen die Montageöffnungen durch das Ladeluftrohr verschlossen sind, ist es, daß keine zusätzlichen Montagedeckel und Befestigungsteile erforderlich sind, und daß beim Tausch eines einzelnen Zylinderkopfs lediglich das Ladeluftrohr und die zu dem Injektor des betreffenden Zyiinderkopfs führende Hochdruckleitung gelöst werden müssen, jedoch die Common-Rail-Schiene und die übrigen Hochdruckleitungen nicht demontiert werden müssen.The advantage of the above-mentioned embodiments, in which the assembly openings are closed by the charge air pipe, is that no additional assembly covers and fastening parts are required, and that when replacing a single cylinder head, only the charge air pipe and the high-pressure line leading to the injector of the cylinder head in question are released must be removed, however, the common rail and the other high pressure lines do not have to be dismantled.
Von besonderem Vorteil ist eine Ausgestaltung, bei der das Ladeluftrohr einen parallel zur Kurbelgehäuselängsachse verlaufenden Abflußkanal zur Aufnahme von an den Injektoren anfallenden Leck- und Steuerkraftstoffmengen aufweist, in den zu den Injektoren führende Leck- und Steuerkraftstoffkanäle münden. Dies kann so weitergebildet sein, daß die Leck- undOf particular advantage is an embodiment in which the charge air pipe has a drainage channel running parallel to the longitudinal axis of the crankcase for receiving leakage and control fuel quantities occurring at the injectors, into which leakage and control fuel channels leading to the injectors open. This can be developed so that the leakage and
Steuerkraftstoffkanäle mit den die Injektoren beherbergenden Bohrungen in Verbindung stehen, wobei die Injektoren so ausgebildet sind, daß sie die Leck- und Steuerkraftstoffmengen in die Bohrungen abgeben. Dies führt zu einer weiteren Vereinfachung des Kraftstoffeinspritzsystems. Dabei ist es günstig, die Leck- und Steuerkraftstoffkanäle durch die die Montageöffnungen enthaltende Dichtungsfläche hindurchtreten zu lassen und in der Dichtungsfläche durch die die Montageöffnungen und das Ladeluftrohr gegeneinander abdichtende Dichtung mit abzudichten.Control fuel channels are in communication with the bores housing the injectors, the injectors being designed so that they discharge the leakage and control fuel quantities into the bores. This leads to a further simplification of the fuel injection system. It is favorable to let the leakage and control fuel passages pass through the sealing surface containing the assembly openings and to seal them in the sealing surface with the seal that seals the assembly openings and the charge air pipe against one another.
Gemäß einer Ausführungsform ist es vorgesehen, daß die Common-Rail-Schiene zum Anschluß einer zur Hochdruckpumpe führenden Leitung und/oder eines Drucksensors an mindestens einem Ende aus dem Kurbelgehäuse herausgeführt ist. Dabei ist es von Vorteil, die zur Hochdruckpumpe führende Leitung und den Drucksensor am gleichen Ende an der Common-Rail-Schiene anzuschließen.According to one embodiment, it is provided that the common rail is led out of the crankcase at at least one end for connecting a line leading to the high-pressure pump and / or a pressure sensor. It is advantageous to connect the line leading to the high-pressure pump and the pressure sensor at the same end to the common rail.
Im folgenden wird ein Ausführungsbeispiel des erfindungsgemäßen Kraftstoffeinspritzsystems anhand der Zeichnung erläutert.An exemplary embodiment of the fuel injection system according to the invention is explained below with reference to the drawing.
Es zeigen:Show it:
Figur 1 eine Querschnittsansicht durch einen wesentliche Bestandteile desFigure 1 is a cross-sectional view through an essential part of the
Kraftstoffeinspritzsystems enthaltenden Teil des Zylinderkopfs einer Brennkraftmaschine entlang der Linie l-l in Figur 5;Part of the cylinder head of an internal combustion engine containing fuel injection system along the line l-l in Figure 5;
Figur 2 eine Schnittansicht durch den gleichen Teil des Zylinderkopfs wie in Figur 1 , jedoch in Längsrichtung der Brennkraftmaschine parallel versetzt entlang der Linie ll-ll in Figur 5;FIG. 2 shows a sectional view through the same part of the cylinder head as in FIG. 1, but offset in parallel in the longitudinal direction of the internal combustion engine along the line II-II in FIG. 5;
Figur 3 eine Figur 1 entsprechende Querschnittsansicht einer weiteren Ausführungsform;FIG. 3 shows a cross-sectional view corresponding to FIG. 1 of a further embodiment;
Figur 4 eine Figur 2 entsprechende Schnittansicht der Ausführungsfom nach Figur 3;Figure 4 is a sectional view corresponding to Figure 2 of the embodiment of Figure 3;
Figur 5 eine Draufsicht auf einen wesentliche Bestandteile des erfindungsgemäßenFigure 5 is a plan view of an essential component of the invention
Kraftstoffeinspritzsystems enthaltenden Teil eines Zylinderkopfs einer Brennkraftmaschine;Fuel injection system-containing part of a cylinder head of an internal combustion engine;
Figur 6 einen Längsschnitt durch ein aus dem Kurbelgehäuse der Brennkraftmaschine herausgeführtes Ende der Common-Rail-Schiene des Kraftstoffeinspritzsystems entlang der Linie Vl-Vl in Figur 5; undFIG. 6 shows a longitudinal section through an end of the common rail of the fuel injection system led out of the crankcase of the internal combustion engine along the line VI-VI in FIG. 5; and
Figur 7 einen Längsschnitt durch das andere Ende der Common-Rail-Schiene im Bereich des Endes des Kurbelgehäuses der Brennkraftmaschine (Schnittlinie Vll-Vll).7 shows a longitudinal section through the other end of the common rail in the region of the end of the crankcase of the internal combustion engine (section line Vll-Vll).
Figur 1 zeigt eine Querschnittsansicht eines Teils eines Zylinderkopfs einer Brennkraftmaschine, welche wesentliche Bestandteile des erfindungsgemäßen Kraftstoffeinspritzsystems zeigt. Die Brennkraftmaschine hat ein Kurbelgehäuse 1, von dem in der Figur nur ein kleiner Teil dargestellt ist, und mehrere Zylinderköpfe, von denen ein Zylinderkopf 2 gezeigt ist. In dem Zylinderkopf 2 ist in einer Bohrung 29 eine Hochdruckleitung 5 mit Zwischenspeicher 37 und Rückströmdrossel angeordnet. Die Hochdruckleitung 5 führt über ein Druckstück 42 zu einem Kraftstoffinjektor 36 (s. Fig.5), der zum Einspritzen von Kraftstoff in den zugeordneten Brennraum, den Zylinder 14, der Brennkraftmaschine dient. Die Hochdruckleitung 5 ist im Bereich des Leitungsabschnitts 7 über einen Anschluß 8 mit einer Common-Rail-Schiene 3 verbunden. Der Common-Rail-Schiene 3 wird von einer in der Figur nicht gezeigten Hochdruckpumpe Kraftstoff zugeführt und dort nach Art eines ölelastischen Speichers unter Druck vorgehalten und bei Betätigung des Kraftstoffinjektors 36 zu einem vorgegebenen Zeitpunkt und in einer vorgegebenen Menge in den Brennraum derFIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional view of part of a cylinder head of an internal combustion engine, which shows essential components of the fuel injection system according to the invention. The The internal combustion engine has a crankcase 1, of which only a small part is shown in the figure, and a plurality of cylinder heads, of which a cylinder head 2 is shown. In the cylinder head 2, a high-pressure line 5 with an intermediate store 37 and a backflow throttle is arranged in a bore 29. The high-pressure line 5 leads via a pressure piece 42 to a fuel injector 36 (see FIG. 5), which is used to inject fuel into the associated combustion chamber, the cylinder 14, of the internal combustion engine. The high-pressure line 5 is connected to a common rail 3 in the area of the line section 7 via a connection 8. The common rail 3 is supplied with fuel by a high-pressure pump, not shown in the figure, and is held there under pressure in the manner of an oil-elastic accumulator and, when the fuel injector 36 is actuated, into the combustion chamber at a predetermined time and in a predetermined quantity
Brennkraftmaschine abgegeben. Insoweit entspricht das gezeigte Kraftstoffeinspritzsystem dem Stand der Technik.Internal combustion engine delivered. In this respect, the fuel injection system shown corresponds to the prior art.
Die Common-Rail-Schiene 3 ist im oberen, dem Zylinderkopf 2 zugewandten Teil des Kurbelgehäuses 1 in einem parallel zur Längsachse desselben verlaufenden Kanal 6 angeordnet. Bei dem gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel ist die Common-Rail-Schiene 3 in Form eines Rohres ausgebildet und der Kanal 6 ist als parallel zur Längsachse des Kurbelgehäuses 1 verlaufende Längsbohrung vorgesehen.The common rail 3 is arranged in the upper part of the crankcase 1 facing the cylinder head 2 in a channel 6 running parallel to the longitudinal axis thereof. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the common rail 3 is designed in the form of a tube and the channel 6 is provided as a longitudinal bore running parallel to the longitudinal axis of the crankcase 1.
Wie anhand von Figur 7 zu sehen ist, welche einen Längsschnitt durch eines der Enden derAs can be seen from Figure 7, which is a longitudinal section through one of the ends of the
Common-Rail-Schiene zeigt, ist diese mittels O-Ringen 23 in dem Kurbelgehäuse 1 gelagert, wobei diese O-Ringe 23 in Nuten 24 in der Längsbohrung 6 angeordnet sind.Common rail shows, this is mounted by means of O-rings 23 in the crankcase 1, these O-rings 23 are arranged in grooves 24 in the longitudinal bore 6.
Wie aus Figur 1 weiter ersichtlich ist, ist an der Seite des Zylinderkopfs 2 eine Montageöffnung 28 vorgesehen, durch welche die Hochdruckleitungen 5 und 7 und der Anschluß 8 derAs can also be seen from FIG. 1, an assembly opening 28 is provided on the side of the cylinder head 2, through which the high-pressure lines 5 and 7 and the connection 8 of the
Hochdruckleitung 7 an der Common-Rail-Schiene 3 zugänglich und montierbar sowie demontierbar sind.High-pressure line 7 on the common rail 3 are accessible and can be assembled and disassembled.
An der Seite der Brennkraftmaschine ist ein Ladeluftrohr 4 angeordnet, welches der Zuführung von vorzugsweise mittels eines Abgasturboladers komprimierter Luft zu den Brennräumen der Brennkraftmaschine dient.A charge air pipe 4 is arranged on the side of the internal combustion engine and serves to supply air, preferably compressed by means of an exhaust gas turbocharger, to the combustion chambers of the internal combustion engine.
In Figur 2 ist ein vom Ladeluftrohr 4 zum Brennraum der Brennkraftmaschine führender Einlaßkanal 15, die Nockenwelle 13 und ein Stößel 16 des Ventiltriebs der Brennkraftmaschine zu sehen. Wie ersichtlich ist, befindet sich der Einlaßkanal 15 im wesentlichen in einer Flucht mit derFIG. 2 shows an inlet duct 15 leading from the charge air pipe 4 to the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine, the camshaft 13 and a tappet 16 of the valve train of the internal combustion engine. As can be seen, the inlet duct 15 is essentially in alignment with the
Montageöffnung 28, das heißt, bei einer Brennkraftmaschine mit in Reihe angeordneten Zylindern 14 sind die Montageöffnungen 28 und die Lufteinlaßkanäle 15 im wesentlichen in einer Reihe an der Seite des bzw. der Zylinderköpfe angeordnet, und verfügen über eine gemeinsame Dichtungsfläche 33, an welcher eine zwischen dem Zylinderkopf 1 und dem Ladeluftrohr 4 vorgesehene Dichtung 32 angeordnet ist. Während der Lufteinlaßkanal 15 mit dem luftführenden Teil des Ladeluftrohrs 4 in Verbindung steht, ist der über der Montageöffnung 28 befindliche Teil des Ladeluftrohrs gegen den luftführenden Teil abgeschlossen, so daß die Montageöffnung 28 durch das Ladeluftrohr 4 durch die Dichtung 32 hermetisch nach außen abgeschlossen ist. Aufgrund seiner Lage und Anordnung kann das Ladeluftrohr 4 als Teil des damit zweiteilig ausgebildeten Zylinderkopfs 2 angesehen werden. Die Dichtung 32 ist für die Lufteinlaßkanäle 15 und die Montageöffnungen 28 der von dem Ladeluftrohr 4 versorgten Zylinderköpfe 2 gemeinsam vorgesehen. Alternativ können die Montageöffnungen 28 auch durch einzelne Verschlußdeckel verschlossen sein.Mounting opening 28, that is, in an internal combustion engine with cylinders 14 arranged in series, the mounting openings 28 and the air inlet ducts 15 are arranged essentially in a row on the side of the cylinder head or cylinders, and have a common one Sealing surface 33, on which a seal 32 provided between the cylinder head 1 and the charge air pipe 4 is arranged. While the air inlet duct 15 communicates with the air-guiding part of the charge air tube 4, the part of the charge air tube located above the assembly opening 28 is closed off from the air-guiding part, so that the assembly opening 28 is hermetically sealed to the outside by the charge air tube 4 through the seal 32. Due to its position and arrangement, the charge air pipe 4 can be regarded as part of the cylinder head 2, which is thus formed in two parts. The seal 32 is jointly provided for the air inlet ducts 15 and the mounting openings 28 of the cylinder heads 2 supplied by the charge air pipe 4. Alternatively, the mounting openings 28 can also be closed by individual sealing covers.
Durch die Halterung der Common-Rail-Schiene 3 in Aufnahmen des Kurbelgehäuses 1 der Brennkraftmaschine und den hermetischen Abschluß des die Hochdruckleitungen 5 und die Injektoren 36 beherbergenden Raumes durch das Ladeluftrohr 4 sind die Common-Rail-Schiene 3 sowie die Hochdruckleitungen 5 und 7 und die Kraftstoffinjektoren 36 nach außen flussigkeitsdicht gekapselt, wobei ein flüssigkeitsdichter Leckageraum 11 gebildet wird, welcher jedweden aufgrund von Leckagen oder Undichtigkeiten an den Verschraubungen austretenden Kraftstoff aufnimmt. Derartige etwa auftretende Leckagemengen sammeln sich in einer Leckageabführung 9 am Grund des Kanals 6. Eine auf dem Niveau der Leckageabführung 9 vorgesehene Kontrollbohrung im Kurbeigehäuse 1 der Brennkraftmaschine ermöglicht es das Auftreten von Leckagemengen anzuzeigen.By mounting the common rail 3 in receptacles of the crankcase 1 of the internal combustion engine and the hermetic seal of the space accommodating the high pressure lines 5 and the injectors 36 through the charge air pipe 4, the common rail 3 and the high pressure lines 5 and 7 and the fuel injectors 36 are encapsulated liquid-tight to the outside, a liquid-tight leakage space 11 being formed which receives any fuel escaping due to leakages or leaks in the screw connections. Any leakage quantities of this type collect in a leakage discharge 9 at the bottom of the channel 6. A control hole provided in the crankcase 1 of the internal combustion engine at the level of the leakage discharge discharge 9 makes it possible to indicate the occurrence of leakage quantities.
Von den Bohrungen 29, die in Verbindung mit Bohrungen 38 stehen, führt ein Leck- und Steuerkraftstoffkanal 30 zu einem parallel zur Kurbelgehäuselängsachse im Ladeluftrohr 4 verlaufenden Abflußkanal 12, welcher der Aufnahme von an den Injektoren 36 anfallenden Leck- und Steuerkraftstoffmengen dient. Solche Leck- und Steuerkraftstoffmengen, welche direkt an den Injektoren 36 auftreten, werden nicht in den im Bereich der Common-Rail-Schiene 3 vorgesehenen Leckageraum 11 abgegeben, sondern sammeln sich innerhalb der Bohrung 38 und treten über den Leck- und Steuerkraftstoffkanal 30 zu dem Abflußkanal 12 aus, über welchen sie zu dem Kraftstoff- einspritzsystem zurückgeführt werden. Die Leck- und Steuerkraftstoffkanäle 30 führen auch durch die die Montageöffnungen 28 und die Lufteinlaßkanäle 15 enthaltende Dichtungsfläche 32 und werden dort durch Dichtungen 31 abgedichtet.From the bores 29, which are in connection with the bores 38, a leakage and control fuel channel 30 leads to a drainage channel 12, which runs parallel to the longitudinal axis of the crankcase in the charge air pipe 4 and which serves to receive leakage and control fuel quantities occurring at the injectors 36. Such leakage and control fuel quantities, which occur directly at the injectors 36, are not released into the leakage space 11 provided in the area of the common rail 3, but collect within the bore 38 and pass through the leakage and control fuel channel 30 to the Drain channel 12 through which they are returned to the fuel injection system. The leakage and control fuel channels 30 also lead through the sealing surface 32 containing the mounting openings 28 and the air inlet channels 15 and are sealed there by seals 31.
Wie in Figur 3 dargestellt, ist die Common-Rail-Schiene 3 zwischen Kurbelgehäuse 1 und einem Ladeluftrohr 4 angeordnet. Die Teile des Kraftstoffeinspritzsystems entsprechen im wesentlichen denen der Figur 1 und sind deshalb mit den gleichen Bezugsziffern bezeichnet. Der vom Kurbelgehäuse 1 und dem Ladeluftrohr 4 gebildete Kanal 40 verläuft parallel zur Längsachse des Kurbeigehäuses. Der Kanal 40 bildet zusammen mit dem Leckageraum 11 , der vom Ladeluftrohr 4 und einem Verschlußdeckel 39 sowie dem Zyiinderkopf 2 und Kurbelgehäusewandungen begrenzt ist einen flüssigkeitsdichten Raum für die Common-Rail-Schiene. Durch Demontage des Verschlußdeckels 39 und/oder des Ladeluftrohrs 4 sind die Teile des Hochdruckleitungssystems in einfacher Weise zugänglich. Dabei bietet die aus dem Ladeluftrohr bestehende Abdeckung einen platzsparenden Schutz für das Hochdruckleitungssystem.As shown in FIG. 3, the common rail 3 is arranged between the crankcase 1 and a charge air pipe 4. The parts of the fuel injection system essentially correspond to those in FIG. 1 and are therefore identified by the same reference numbers. The channel 40 formed by the crankcase 1 and the charge air pipe 4 runs parallel to the longitudinal axis of the crankcase. The channel 40 forms together with the leakage space 11, which is from the charge air pipe 4th and a cover 39 and the cylinder head 2 and crankcase walls is a liquid-tight space for the common rail. The parts of the high-pressure line system are easily accessible by disassembling the cover 39 and / or the charge air tube 4. The cover consisting of the charge air pipe offers space-saving protection for the high pressure line system.
Figur 4, die eine Figur 2 entsprechende Ansicht das Ausführungsbeispiels nach Figur 3 darstellt, zeigt die Lagerung der Common-Rail-Schiene am Kurbelgehäuse mittels Halteschellen 41, die am Kurbelgehäuse verschraubt sind. Anstelle einer Lagerung mit Schellen ist es auch möglich, die Common-Rail-Schiene analog dem Ausführungsbeispiel nach den Figuren 1 und 2, wie in Figur 7 dargestellt, mit O-Ringen zu lagern, die zwischen Ladeluftrohr 4 und Kurbelgehäuse 1 eingebracht sind.FIG. 4, which shows a view corresponding to FIG. 2 of the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 3, shows the mounting of the common rail on the crankcase by means of retaining clips 41 which are screwed to the crankcase. Instead of mounting with clamps, it is also possible to mount the common rail rail analogously to the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 1 and 2, as shown in FIG. 7, with O-rings which are introduced between charge air pipe 4 and crankcase 1.
Figur 5 ist eine Draufsicht eines Zylinderkopfs einer Brennkraftmaschine in der ein Injektor 36 mit einer Leckage- und Steuerbohrung 38 dargestellt ist. Die Hochdruckleitung 5 ist über einFIG. 5 is a top view of a cylinder head of an internal combustion engine, in which an injector 36 with a leakage and control bore 38 is shown. The high pressure line 5 is over a
Druckstück 42 mit den Injektor 36 verbunden. Die Bohrungen 38 und 29 stehen zur Abführung von Leckage- und Steuerkraftstoff miteinander in Verbindung.Pressure piece 42 connected to the injector 36. The holes 38 and 29 are connected to each other for the discharge of leakage and control fuel.
Wie aus Figur 6 ersichtlich ist, ist die Common-Rail-Schiene 3 an einem Ende des Kurbelgehäuses 1 aus diesem herausgeführt und mit einem Anschluß 25 für eine zu der die Common-Rail-Schiene 3 mit Kraftstoff versorgenden Hochdruckpumpe und einem Anschluß 26 für einen Drucksensor zur Überwachung des Drucks in der Common-Rail-Schiene 3 versehen. Diese Anschlüsse 25 und 26 sind in einer das herausgeführte Ende der Common-Rail-Schiene 3 abdeckenden Abschirmung 20 vorgesehen, welche mittels in Nuten 24 angeordneten O-Ringen 22 die Common-Rail-Schiene 3 lagert und mittels eines O-Rings 27 gegen das Kurbelgehäuse 1 abgedichtet ist. Das Ende der Common-Rail-Schiene 3 ist mittels eines in ein dort vorgesehenes Innengewinde eingeschraubten Verschlußstopfens 35 mit Dichtplatte verschlossen. Weiterhin in Figur 6 sichtbar ist ein Längsschnitt durch den Anschluß 8 für die Hochdruckleitung 7, welcher von einem Leckageraum 21 umgeben ist. Alle Anschlüsse von Hochdruckleitungen an der Common-Rail-Schiene 3 sind durch Kegeldichtungen und Verschlußschrauben realisiert.As can be seen from FIG. 6, the common rail 3 is led out of the crankcase 1 at one end and has a connection 25 for a high-pressure pump supplying the common rail 3 with fuel and a connection 26 for one Provide pressure sensor for monitoring the pressure in the common rail 3. These connections 25 and 26 are provided in a shield 20 covering the led-out end of the common rail 3, which supports the common rail 3 by means of O-rings 22 arranged in grooves 24 and by means of an O-ring 27 against the Crankcase 1 is sealed. The end of the common rail 3 is closed by means of a sealing plug 35 screwed into an internal thread provided there. Also visible in FIG. 6 is a longitudinal section through the connection 8 for the high-pressure line 7, which is surrounded by a leakage space 21. All connections of high pressure lines on the common rail 3 are realized by cone seals and screw plugs.
Figur 7 zeigt das zweite Ende der Common-Rail-Schiene 3, das sich an dem Ende des Kurbelgehäuses 1, welches einen Rädertrieb zur Steuerung von Ein- und Auslaßventilen der Brennkraftmaschine aufweist, befindet. Gezeigt ist nur ein Nockenwellenrad 17. Dieses Ende ist mittels in Nuten 24 angeordneten O-Ringen 23 in der Bohrung 6 gelagert und gleichzeitig gegen diese abgedichtet. Durch einen in ein dort vorgesehenes Innengewinde eingeschraubten Verschlußstopfen 19 mit Dichtplatte ist dieses Ende der Common-Rail-Schiene 3 verschlossen. BezugszeichenlisteFIG. 7 shows the second end of the common rail 3, which is located at the end of the crankcase 1, which has a wheel drive for controlling intake and exhaust valves of the internal combustion engine. Only one camshaft gear 17 is shown. This end is supported in the bore 6 by means of O-rings 23 arranged in grooves 24 and at the same time sealed against it. This end of the common rail 3 is closed by a plug 19 with a sealing plate screwed into an internal thread provided there. Reference list
Kurbelgehäuse 31 DichtungCrankcase 31 gasket
Zylinderkopf 32 DichtungCylinder head 32 gasket
Common-Rail-Schiene 33 DichtungsflächeCommon rail 33 sealing surface
Ladeluftrohr 34 DichtungCharge air pipe 34 seal
Hochdruckleitung 35 VerschlußstopfenHigh pressure line 35 sealing plug
Bohrung 36 InjektorHole 36 injector
Hochdruckleitung 37 ZwischenspeicherHigh pressure line 37 intermediate store
Anschluß der Hochdruckleitung 38 BohrungenConnection of the high pressure line 38 holes
Leckageabführung 39 VerschlußdeckelLeakage drainage 39 Cap
Zylinderkopfdeckel 40 KanalCylinder head cover 40 channel
Leckageraum 41 HalterungenLeakage space 41 brackets
Leckkraftstoffabführungskanal 42 DruckstückLeak fuel discharge duct 42 pressure piece
Nockenwellecamshaft
Zylindercylinder
EinlaßkanalInlet duct
StößelPestle
NockenwellenradCamshaft sprocket
VerschlußstopfenSealing plug
VerschlußstopfenSealing plug
Abschirmungshielding
LeckageraumLeakage room
O-RingO-ring
O-RingO-ring
Nutgroove
Anschluß für HochdruckpumpeConnection for high pressure pump
Anschluß für DrucksensorConnection for pressure sensor
O-RingO-ring
MontageöffnungAssembly opening
Bohrung für InjektorHole for injector
Kanal für Leck- und Steuerkraftstoffmenge Leakage and pilot fuel quantity channel

Claims

P A T E N T A N S P R Ü C H E PATENT CLAIMS
1. Kraftstoffeinspritzsystem für eine Brennkraftmaschine, insbesondere einen Dieselmotor, der ein Kurbelgehäuse (1) und einen oder mehrere Zylinderköpfe (2) aufweist, mit Kraftstoffinjektoren (36) zum Einspritzen von Kraftstoff in die Brennräume der Brennkraftmaschine und einer durch eine Hochdruckpumpe mit Kraftstoff versorgten Common-Rail-Schiene (3), von der der Kraftstoff über ein Hochdruckleitungssystem den Injektoren (36) zugeführt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Common-Rail-Schiene (3) in oder an Wandungen des Kurbelgehäuses (1) aufgenommen angeordnet ist.1. Fuel injection system for an internal combustion engine, in particular a diesel engine, which has a crankcase (1) and one or more cylinder heads (2), with fuel injectors (36) for injecting fuel into the combustion chambers of the internal combustion engine and a common fueled by a high pressure pump -Rail rail (3), from which the fuel is supplied to the injectors (36) via a high-pressure line system, characterized in that the common rail rail (3) is arranged in or on walls of the crankcase (1).
2. Kraftstoffeinspritzsystem nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Common- Rail-Schiene (3) in einem parallel zur Längsachse des Kurbelgehäuses (1) verlaufenden, in eine Wand des Kurbelgehäuses (1) integrierten Kanal (6) angeordnet ist.2. Fuel injection system according to claim 1, characterized in that the common rail (3) in a parallel to the longitudinal axis of the crankcase (1) extending, in a wall of the crankcase (1) integrated channel (6) is arranged.
3. Kraftstoffeinspritzsystem nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Common-3. Fuel injection system according to claim 1, characterized in that the common
Rail-Schiene (3) in einem von Kurbeigehäusewandungen und einem Ladeluftrohr (4) gebildeten Kanal (40) aufgenommen ist.Rail-rail (3) is accommodated in a channel (40) formed by Kurbeigehäusewandungen and a charge air pipe (4).
4. Kraftstoffeinspritzsystem nach Anspruch 1, 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Common-Rail-Schiene (3) rohrförmig ausgebildet ist.4. Fuel injection system according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the common rail (3) is tubular.
5. Kraftstoffeinspritzsystem nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die rohrförmige Common-Rail-Schiene (3) in parallel zur Längsachse des Kurbelgehäuses (1) verlaufenden Längsbohrungen (6) des Kurbelgehäuses (1) aufgenommen ist.5. Fuel injection system according to claim 4, characterized in that the tubular common rail (3) is received in parallel to the longitudinal axis of the crankcase (1) extending longitudinal bores (6) of the crankcase (1).
6. Kraftstoffeinspritzsystem nach Anspruch 1, 2, 3 oder 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß am Kurbelgehäuse (1) befestigte Halterungen (41) für die Befestigung der Common-Rail-Schiene (3) vorgesehen sind.6. Fuel injection system according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that on the crankcase (1) fastened brackets (41) are provided for fastening the common rail (3).
7. Kraftstoffeinspritzsystem nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Common-Rail-Schiene (3) mittels O-Ringen (22,23) gelagert ist.7. Fuel injection system according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the common rail (3) is mounted by means of O-rings (22, 23).
8. Kraftstoffeinspritzsystem nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Common-Rail-Schiene (3) flüssigkeitsdicht gekapselt angeordnet ist.8. Fuel injection system according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the common rail (3) is liquid-tight encapsulated.
9. Kraftstoffeinspritzsystem nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der die Common-9. Fuel injection system according to claim 8, characterized in that the common
Rail-Schiene (3) beherbergende Kanal (6) bzw. (40) einen flüssigkeitsdichten Leckageraum (9) bildet, der mit Mitteln zur Abführung von Leckagemengen versehen ist. Rail (3) accommodating channel (6) or (40) forms a liquid-tight leakage space (9) which is provided with means for discharging leakage quantities.
10. Kraftstoffeinspritzsystem nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Leckageraum (9) eine Kontrollbohrung zur Anzeige von auftretenden Leckagemengen aufweist.10. Fuel injection system according to claim 9, characterized in that the leakage space (9) has a control bore for displaying leakage quantities occurring.
11. Kraftstoffeinspritzsystem nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Injektoren (36) und die die Injektoren (36) mit der Common-Rail-Schiene (3) verbindenden Hochdruckleitungen (5) einschließlich Zwischenspeicher (37) im Gehäuse der Brennkraftmaschine gekapselt angeordnet sind.11. Fuel injection system according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the injectors (36) and the injectors (36) with the common rail (3) connecting high pressure lines (5) including intermediate storage (37) in the housing of Internal combustion engine are arranged encapsulated.
12. Kraftstoffeinspritzsystem nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Hochdruckleitungssystem in Bohrungen (29) und Bohrungen (38) gekapselt angeordnet sind, welche im Zylinderkopf (2) vorgesehen sind.12. Fuel injection system according to claim 10, characterized in that the high-pressure line system in bores (29) and bores (38) are arranged encapsulated, which are provided in the cylinder head (2).
13. Kraftstoffeinspritzsystem nach Anspruch 11 oder 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Common-Rail-Schiene (3) nahe dem Zylinderkopf (2) im Kurbelgehäuse (1) angeordnet ist, und daß die Common-Rail-Schiene (3) durch im Kurbelgehäuse (1 ) und/oder im Zylinderkopf (2) vorgesehene Montageöffnungen (28) zugängliche Hochdruckanschlüsse (8) aufweist, an welchen die zu den Injektoren (36) führenden Hochdruckleitungen (5, 7) angeschlossen sind.13. Fuel injection system according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that the common rail (3) is arranged near the cylinder head (2) in the crankcase (1), and that the common rail (3) through in the crankcase (1) and / or in the cylinder head (2) provided mounting openings (28) accessible high pressure connections (8), to which the high pressure lines (5, 7) leading to the injectors (36) are connected.
14. Kraftstoffeinspritzsystem nach Anspruch 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß durch die Montageöffnungen (28) sowohl die Hochdruckanschlüsse (8) als auch die Injektoren (36) und die Hochdruckleitungen (5, 7) zugänglich und montierbar sind.14. Fuel injection system according to claim 13, characterized in that both the high pressure connections (8) and the injectors (36) and the high pressure lines (5, 7) are accessible and mountable through the mounting openings (28).
15. Kraftstoffeinspritzsystem nach Anspruch 13 oder 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Montageöffnungen (28) durch Verschlußdeckel verschlossen sind.15. Fuel injection system according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that the mounting openings (28) are closed by sealing caps.
16. Kraftstoffeinspritzsystem nach Anspruch 12 oder 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Zylinderkopf (2) mehrteilig ausgebildet ist, und daß die Montageöffnungen (28) durch ein leicht demontierbares Teil des Zylinderkopfs (2) verschlossen sind.16. Fuel injection system according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that the cylinder head (2) is constructed in several parts, and that the mounting openings (28) are closed by an easily removable part of the cylinder head (2).
17. Kraftstoffeinspritzsystem nach Anspruch 16, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das leicht demontierbare Teil des Zylinderkopfs (2) ein Ladeluftrohr (4) ist.17. Fuel injection system according to claim 16, characterized in that the easily removable part of the cylinder head (2) is a charge air pipe (4).
18. Kraftstoffeinspritzsystem nach Anspruch 17, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Montageöffnungen (28) seitlich am Zylinderkopf (2) vorgesehen und durch das Ladeluftrohr (4) verschlossen sind.18. Fuel injection system according to claim 17, characterized in that the mounting openings (28) are provided on the side of the cylinder head (2) and are closed by the charge air pipe (4).
19. Kraftstoffeinspritzsystem nach Anspruch 18, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Montageöffnungen (28) und von dem Ladeluftrohr (4) zu den Brennräumen der Brennkraftmaschine führende Lufteinlaßkanäle (15) im wesentlichen in einer Reihe in einer Dichtungsfläche (33) zwischen dem Zylinderkopf (2) und dem Ladeluftrohr (4) angeordnet sind.19. Fuel injection system according to claim 18, characterized in that the mounting openings (28) and from the charge air pipe (4) to the combustion chambers of the internal combustion engine leading air inlet ducts (15) are arranged essentially in a row in a sealing surface (33) between the cylinder head (2) and the charge air pipe (4).
20. Kraftstoffeinspritzsystem nach Anspruch 19, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Montageöffnungen (28) und die Lufteinlaßkanäle (15) an der Dichtungsfläche (33) durch eine gemeinsame Dichtung (32) abgedichtet sind.20. Fuel injection system according to claim 19, characterized in that the mounting openings (28) and the air inlet channels (15) on the sealing surface (33) are sealed by a common seal (32).
21. Kraftstoffeinspritzsystem nach einem der Ansprüche 17 bis 20, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Ladeluftrohr (4) einen parallel zur Kurbelgehäuselängsachse verlaufenden Abflußkanal (12) zur Aufnahme von an den Injektoren (36) anfallenden Leck- und Steuerkraftstoffmengen aufweist, in den zu den Bohrungen (29) führende Leck- und Steuerkraftstoffkanäle (30) münden.21. Fuel injection system according to one of claims 17 to 20, characterized in that the charge air pipe (4) has a parallel to the longitudinal axis of the crankcase drainage channel (12) for receiving the injectors (36) accumulating leakage and control fuel quantities in the holes (29) leading leakage and control fuel channels (30) open.
22. Kraftstoffeinspritzsystem nach Anspruch 21 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Leck- und Steuerkraftstoffkanäle (30) mit den die Injektoren (36) und Hochdruckleitungen (5) beherbergenden Bohrungen (29) und (38) in Verbindung stehen, und daß die Injektoren (36) so ausgebildet sind, daß sie die Leck- und Steuerkraftstoffmengen in die Bohrungen (38) abgeben.22. Fuel injection system according to claim 21, characterized in that the leakage and control fuel channels (30) with the injectors (36) and high-pressure lines (5) accommodating bores (29) and (38) are in communication, and that the injectors (36 ) are designed so that they emit the leakage and control fuel quantities into the bores (38).
23. Kraftstoffeinspritzsystem nach Anspruch 21 oder 22, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Leck- und Steuerkraftstoffkanäle (30) durch die die Montageöffnungen (28) enthaltende Dichtungsfläche (33) hindurchtreten und in der Dichtungsfläche (33) durch Dichtungen (31) abgedichtet sind.23. Fuel injection system according to claim 21 or 22, characterized in that the leakage and control fuel channels (30) pass through the sealing surface (33) containing the mounting openings (28) and are sealed in the sealing surface (33) by seals (31).
24. Kraftstoffeinspritzsystem nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 23, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Common-Rail-Schiene (3) zum Anschluß einer zur Hochdruckpumpe führenden Leitung (25) und/oder eines Drucksensors (26) an mindestens einem Ende aus dem Kurbelgehäuse (1) herausgeführt ist.24. Fuel injection system according to one of claims 1 to 23, characterized in that the common rail (3) for connecting a line leading to the high pressure pump (25) and / or a pressure sensor (26) at at least one end from the crankcase ( 1) is brought out.
25. Kraftstoffeinspritzsystem nach Anspruch 24, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die zur Hochdruckpumpe führende Leitung (25) und der Drucksensor (26) am gleichen Ende an der Common-Rail-Schiene (3) angeschlossen sind. 25. Fuel injection system according to claim 24, characterized in that the line leading to the high pressure pump (25) and the pressure sensor (26) are connected at the same end to the common rail (3).
EP98920531A 1997-04-19 1998-04-16 Fuel injection system for an internal combustion engine with a common rail Expired - Lifetime EP0975869B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19716513 1997-04-19
DE19716513A DE19716513C2 (en) 1997-04-19 1997-04-19 Fuel injection system for an internal combustion engine with a common rail
PCT/EP1998/002228 WO1998048165A1 (en) 1997-04-19 1998-04-16 Fuel injection system for an internal combustion engine with a common rail

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0975869A1 true EP0975869A1 (en) 2000-02-02
EP0975869B1 EP0975869B1 (en) 2002-03-13

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP98920531A Expired - Lifetime EP0975869B1 (en) 1997-04-19 1998-04-16 Fuel injection system for an internal combustion engine with a common rail

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US6237569B1 (en)
EP (1) EP0975869B1 (en)
DE (2) DE19716513C2 (en)
WO (1) WO1998048165A1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1998048165A1 (en) 1998-10-29
EP0975869B1 (en) 2002-03-13
DE59803340D1 (en) 2002-04-18
DE19716513C2 (en) 1999-02-11
US6237569B1 (en) 2001-05-29
DE19716513A1 (en) 1998-11-05

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