EP0974151B1 - Switch - Google Patents

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Publication number
EP0974151B1
EP0974151B1 EP98922682A EP98922682A EP0974151B1 EP 0974151 B1 EP0974151 B1 EP 0974151B1 EP 98922682 A EP98922682 A EP 98922682A EP 98922682 A EP98922682 A EP 98922682A EP 0974151 B1 EP0974151 B1 EP 0974151B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
contact
lever
switching device
contact lever
switch
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP98922682A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0974151A1 (en
Inventor
Christian Alfons Thamm
Claus-Peter Schulze
Gerd Jodehl
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
AEG Niederspannungstechnik GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
AEG Niederspannungstechnik GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by AEG Niederspannungstechnik GmbH and Co KG filed Critical AEG Niederspannungstechnik GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP0974151A1 publication Critical patent/EP0974151A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0974151B1 publication Critical patent/EP0974151B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/58—Electric connections to or between contacts; Terminals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/58—Electric connections to or between contacts; Terminals
    • H01H1/5822—Flexible connections between movable contact and terminal

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a switching device according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Fig. 2 shows a schematic diagram of a switching device such as a DC high-speed switch the state of the art.
  • the switching device comprises a first one and second rigid connector 5, 4 for connection a circuit to be switched and a movable contact lever 1, which is rotatably mounted about an axis of rotation 6.
  • the contact plate 2 is open attached to the movable contact lever 1, which has a movable Connection such as a flex band 3 with the second connector 4 is electrically connected.
  • Flexbands 3 are also current bolts, friction contacts or the like. as. Connecting devices between the contact lever and the second connector 4 possible.
  • the contact lever is to be designed so that it following mechanical and electrical requirements met.
  • the contact lever should be one if possible have low mass inertia, thereby a to enable fast switching. Because of a required high current carrying capacity results in a possible high contact lever cross-section and the lowest possible specific Resistance of the contact lever material as electrical Conditions.
  • FR-A-2 461 348 discloses a switching device according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the switch contact By arranging the switch contact on the lever side the function of the current and heat conduction from the function of the contact guide Cut.
  • the contact lever takes over purely mechanical Management tasks, so that the demands placed on them with regard to the current carrying capacity.
  • the contact lever By the separation of the power line function from the contact guidance function can the contact lever in a lightweight design with low inertia from, for example, electrical non-conductive material.
  • the configuration of the switching device according to the invention allows the use of a relatively long, flexible Flexbands 3, whereby a shape can be realized has a positive impact on the lifespan.
  • the contact plate 2 directly on the as a movable connector serving flex band 3 arranged.
  • the Switching state shown in dash-dot lines runs the Current path only when the switching device is closed the two connecting parts 4 and 5 and the flex band 3.
  • the Function of the contact lever 1 is thus on the contact guide limited and can therefore also be made of non-conductive material getting produced.
  • the shape of the flexible band is preferably such that that a low-wear switching operation enables becomes. This can be done, for example, by a suitable one Curvature guide and attachment to the second connection part 4 can be achieved.
  • a flexible copper band 3 is connected at its lower end to the second connection part 4 in such a way that it is aligned with the first connector 5 is.
  • the copper strip 3 has a pre-curvature, so that Mechanical stresses occurring during the switching process are reduced become.
  • the copper strip also has a slot 8 in which the contact lever 1 is partially fitted.
  • an electrically conductive Contact plate 2 directly on the copper strip 3 or a suitable one Connection bracket soldered.
  • the top of the Copper strip 3 is fitted into a recess in the contact lever 1 and to achieve a massive electrical connection preferably pressure welded.
  • a pre-contact 7 attached to the main contact in operational switching operations before burning protects and thus increases the service life of the main contact.
  • a switching device for switching a electrical connection between two connecting parts disclosed.

Landscapes

  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Slide Switches (AREA)
  • Rotary Switch, Piano Key Switch, And Lever Switch (AREA)
  • Seal Device For Vehicle (AREA)
  • Lock And Its Accessories (AREA)
  • Eye Examination Apparatus (AREA)
  • Push-Button Switches (AREA)
  • Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
  • Switches With Compound Operations (AREA)
  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
  • Thermally Actuated Switches (AREA)
  • Physical Deposition Of Substances That Are Components Of Semiconductor Devices (AREA)
  • Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)
  • Multi-Conductor Connections (AREA)

Abstract

A switch device for switching an electrical connection between two connection parts is disclosed. Conventional switch devices comprise a contact lever having a switch contact, the flow of current taking place by way of the contact lever when the switch device is closed. To achieve a rapid switching process, a low mass inertia of the contact lever is required. However, this generally leads to a lower current capacity. By arranging the lever-side switch contact on a separate electrical connection device, it becomes possible to separate the function of current conduction from the function of contact guidance. Since the contact lever therefore no longer performs any current-conducting function, it may be optimized in mechanical respects exclusively.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Schaltvorrichtung gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1.The invention relates to a switching device according to the preamble of claim 1.

Fig. 2 zeigt eine Prinzipdarstellung einer Schaltvorrichtung wie beispielsweise eines Gleichstrom-Schnellschalters nach dem Stand der Technik. Die Schaltvorrichtung umfaßt ein erstes und zweites starres Anschlußteil 5, 4 zum Anschließen eines zu schaltenden Stromkreises und einen bewegbaren Kontakthebel 1, der um eine Drehachse 6 drehbar gelagert ist. Auf dem Kontakthebel 1 befindet sich ein Kontaktplättchen 2 als kontakthebelseitiger Schaltkontakt. Durch Betätigen des Kontakthebels 1 kann ein Kontakt zwischen dem Kontaktplättchen 2 und einem Schaltkontakt des ersten Anschlußteils 5 hergestellt werden, wodurch der Stromkreis über die beiden Anschlußteile 4 und 5 geschlossen wird (vgl. strichpunktiert dargestellten Schaltzustand in Fig. 2).Fig. 2 shows a schematic diagram of a switching device such as a DC high-speed switch the state of the art. The switching device comprises a first one and second rigid connector 5, 4 for connection a circuit to be switched and a movable contact lever 1, which is rotatably mounted about an axis of rotation 6. There is a contact plate 2 on the contact lever 1 as a switch contact on the lever side. By pressing the Contact lever 1 can make contact between the contact plate 2 and a switching contact of the first connection part 5 can be made, making the circuit through the two Connection parts 4 and 5 is closed (see dash-dot lines switching state shown in Fig. 2).

Gemäß dem Stand der Technik ist das Kontaktplättchen 2 auf dem bewegbaren Kontakthebel 1 befestigt, der über eine bewegliche Verbindung wie beispielsweise ein Flexband 3 mit dem zweiten Anschlußteil 4 elektrisch verbunden ist. Anstelle des Flexbands 3 sind auch Strombolzen, Reibkontakte odgl. als. Verbindungsvorrichtungen zwischen dem Kontakthebel und dem zweiten Anschlußteil 4 möglich. Der zu schaltende Stromkreis wird also im vorliegenden Beispiel gemäß Fig. 2 über die beiden Anschlußteile 4 und 5, den Kontakthebel 1 und das Flexband 3 geschlossen.According to the prior art, the contact plate 2 is open attached to the movable contact lever 1, which has a movable Connection such as a flex band 3 with the second connector 4 is electrically connected. Instead of Flexbands 3 are also current bolts, friction contacts or the like. as. Connecting devices between the contact lever and the second connector 4 possible. The circuit to be switched 2 in the present example according to FIG. 2 Connection parts 4 and 5, the contact lever 1 and that Flexband 3 closed.

Kontaktübergangsstellen in Schaltvorrichtungen führen zu erhöhten elektrischen Verlusten und behindern den Wärmefluß. Insbesondere im Bereich sich öffnender Schaltkontakte in Schutzschaltvorrichtungen ist eine optimale Ausgestaltung erforderlich. Zur Strombegrenzung ist ein schnelles Öffnen der Kontakte nach dem Auftreten eines Kurzschlusses notwendig. Der Kontakthebel ist dabei so auszugestalten, daß er die nachfolgenden mechanischen und elektrischen Anforderungen erfüllt. Contact transition points in switching devices lead to increased electrical losses and impede the flow of heat. Especially in the area of opening switching contacts in Protective switching devices require an optimal design. To limit the current, open the Contacts necessary after a short circuit occurs. The contact lever is to be designed so that it following mechanical and electrical requirements met.

In mechanischer Hinsicht sollte der Kontakthebel eine möglichst geringe Massenträgheit aufweisen, um dadurch einen schnellen Schaltvorgang zu ermöglichen. Aufgrund einer geforderten hohen Stromtragfähigkeit ergeben sich ein möglichst hoher Kontakthebelquerschnitt und ein möglichst geringer spezifischer Widerstand des Kontakthebelmaterials als elektrische Anforderungen.In mechanical terms, the contact lever should be one if possible have low mass inertia, thereby a to enable fast switching. Because of a required high current carrying capacity results in a possible high contact lever cross-section and the lowest possible specific Resistance of the contact lever material as electrical Conditions.

Aus den vorgenannten Anforderungen ist jedoch ersichtlich, daß eine Verbesserung der mechanischen Eigenschalten im allgemeinen zu einer Verschlechterung der elektrischen Eigenschaften und umgekehrt führt.However, it can be seen from the above requirements that that an improvement in mechanical properties in general deterioration in electrical properties and vice versa.

Die Druckschrift FR-A-2 461 348 offenbart eine Schaltvorrichtung gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1.FR-A-2 461 348 discloses a switching device according to the preamble of claim 1.

Es ist Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, eine Schaltvorrichtung mit verbesserten Schalteigenschaften bereitzustellen.It is an object of the present invention to provide a switching device to provide with improved switching properties.

Diese Aufgabe wird gelöst durch eine Schaltvorrichtung gemäß Patentanspruch 1.This object is achieved by a switching device according to Claim 1.

Durch das Anordnen des kontakthebelseitigen Schaltkontakts auf der Verbindungsvorrichtung wird die Funktion der Strom- und Wärmeleitung von der Funktion der Kontaktführung getrennt. Der Kontakthebel übernimmt dabei rein mechanische Führungsaufgaben, so daß die an diesen gestellten Anforderungen hinsichtlich der Stromtragfähigkeit entfallen. Durch die Trennung der Stromleitungsfunktion von der Kontaktführungsfunktion kann der Kontakthebel in leichter Bauweise mit geringer Massenträgheit aus beispielsweise elektrisch nichtleitendendem Material hergestellt werden.By arranging the switch contact on the lever side the function of the current and heat conduction from the function of the contact guide Cut. The contact lever takes over purely mechanical Management tasks, so that the demands placed on them with regard to the current carrying capacity. By the separation of the power line function from the contact guidance function can the contact lever in a lightweight design with low inertia from, for example, electrical non-conductive material.

Die erfindungsgemäße Ausgestaltung der Schaltvorrichtung ermoglicht die Verwendung eines relativ langen, flexiblen Flexbands 3, wodurch eine Formgebung realisierbar ist, die einen positiven Einfluß auf die Lebensdauer hat. The configuration of the switching device according to the invention allows the use of a relatively long, flexible Flexbands 3, whereby a shape can be realized has a positive impact on the lifespan.

Ferner wird durch die Verringerung der Kontaktübergangsstellen und die direkte Verbindung des hebelseitigen Schaltkontakts mit der Verbindungsvorrichtung eine hohe thermische und elektrische Leitfähigkeit erzielt.Furthermore, by reducing the contact junctions and the direct connection of the lever-side switch contact with the connecting device a high thermal and electrical conductivity achieved.

Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der vorgenannten Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben.Advantageous developments of the aforementioned invention are specified in the subclaims.

Nachfolgend wird die Erfindung anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnungen näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 eine Prinzipdarstellung der erfindungsgemäßen Schaltvorrichtung;
  • Fig. 2 eine Prinzipdarstellung einer Schaltvorrichtung gemäß dem Stand der Technik; und
  • Fig. 3 eine perspektivische Ansicht eines erfindungsgemäßen Ausführungsbeispiels;
  • Fig. 1 zeigt eine prinzipielle Darstellung einer erfindungsgemäßen Schaltvorrichtung.
    • The invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of exemplary embodiments with reference to the drawings. Show it:
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of the switching device according to the invention;
  • 2 shows a schematic diagram of a switching device according to the prior art; and
  • 3 shows a perspective view of an exemplary embodiment according to the invention;
  • 1 shows a basic illustration of a switching device according to the invention.

    • Im Gegensatz zur bekannten Schaltvorrichtung gemäß Fig. 2 ist das Kontaktplättchen 2 direkt auf dem als beweglichen Verbindungsvorrichtung dienenden Flexband 3 angeordnet. Gemäß dem strichpunktiert dargestellten Schaltzustand verläuft der Strompfad bei geschlossener Schaltvorrichtung lediglich über die beiden Anschlußteile 4 und 5 und das Flexband 3. Die Funktion des Kontakthebels 1 ist somit auf die Kontaktführung beschränkt und er kann somit auch aus nichtleitendem Material hergestellt werden. Zudem entfällt die Stromübergangsstelle zwischen dem Flexband 3 und dem Kontakthebel.In contrast to the known switching device according to FIG. 2 the contact plate 2 directly on the as a movable connector serving flex band 3 arranged. According to the Switching state shown in dash-dot lines runs the Current path only when the switching device is closed the two connecting parts 4 and 5 and the flex band 3. The Function of the contact lever 1 is thus on the contact guide limited and can therefore also be made of non-conductive material getting produced. In addition, there is no electricity transfer point between the flex band 3 and the contact lever.

    Das Flexband wird in seiner Form vorzugsweise so ausgestaltet, daß ein möglichst verschleißarmer Schaltbetrieb ermöglicht wird. Dies kann beispielsweise durch eine geeignete Krümmungsführung und Anbringung an dem zweiten Anschlußteil 4 erreicht werden.The shape of the flexible band is preferably such that that a low-wear switching operation enables becomes. This can be done, for example, by a suitable one Curvature guide and attachment to the second connection part 4 can be achieved.

    Fig. 3 zeigt eine schematische Ansicht eines konkreten Ausführungsbeispiels der erfindungsgemäßen Schaltvorrichtung als Gleichstrom-Schnellschalter. Ein flexibles Kupferband 3 ist an seinem unteren Ende mit dem zweiten Anschlußteil 4 so verbunden, daß es zu dem ersten Anschlußteil 5 hin ausgerichtet ist. Das Kupferbands 3 weist eine Vorkrümmung auf, so daß beim Schaltvorgang auftretende, mechanische Spannungen verringert werden. Ferner weist das Kupferband einen Schlitz 8 auf, in den der Kontakthebel 1 teilweise eingepaßt ist. Am oberen Ende des Kupferbands 3 ist ein elektrisch leitendes Kontaktplättchen 2 direkt auf das Kupferband 3 oder einen geeigneten Verbindungsträger gelötet. Der obere Bereich des Kupferbands 3 ist in eine Aussparung des Kontakthebels 1 eingepaßt und zum Erzielen einer massiven elektrischen Verbindung vorzugsweise preßgeschweißt. Am oberen Ende des Kontakthebels 1 ist ein Vorkontakt 7 angebracht, der den Hauptkontakt bei betriebsmäßigen Schaltungsvorgängen vor Abbrand schützt und damit die Lebensdauer des Hauptkontakts erhöht.3 shows a schematic view of a specific exemplary embodiment the switching device according to the invention as DC high-speed switch. A flexible copper band 3 is connected at its lower end to the second connection part 4 in such a way that it is aligned with the first connector 5 is. The copper strip 3 has a pre-curvature, so that Mechanical stresses occurring during the switching process are reduced become. The copper strip also has a slot 8 in which the contact lever 1 is partially fitted. At the upper end of the copper strip 3 is an electrically conductive Contact plate 2 directly on the copper strip 3 or a suitable one Connection bracket soldered. The top of the Copper strip 3 is fitted into a recess in the contact lever 1 and to achieve a massive electrical connection preferably pressure welded. At the top of the contact lever 1 is a pre-contact 7 attached to the main contact in operational switching operations before burning protects and thus increases the service life of the main contact.

    Zusammenfassend wird eine Schaltvorrichtung zum Schalten einer elektrischen Verbindung zwischen zwei Anschlußteilen offenbart.In summary, a switching device for switching a electrical connection between two connecting parts disclosed.

    Herkömmliche Schaltvorrichtungen weisen einen Kontakthebel mit einem Schaltkontakt auf, wobei der Stromfluß bei geschlossener Schaltvorrichtung über den Kontakthebel erfolgt. Zum Erzielen eines schnellen Schaltvorgangs ist eine geringe Massenträgheit des Köntakthebels erforderlich. Diese führt jedoch im allgemeinen zu einer geringeren Stromtragfähigkeit.Conventional switching devices have a contact lever with a switch contact, the current flow when closed Switching device takes place via the contact lever. To achieve a quick shift is a minor one Mass inertia of the king lever required. This leads however, generally lower current carrying capacity.

    Durch Anordnen des hebelseitigen Schaltkontakts auf einer gesonderten elektrischen Verbindungsvorrichtung ist eine Trennung der Funktion der Stromleitung von der Funktion der Kontaktführung möglich. Da der Kontakthebel somit keine Stromleitungsfunktion mehr aufweist, kann er ausschließlich in mechanischer Hinsicht optimiert werden.By arranging the lever-side switching contact on a separate one electrical connector is a disconnect the function of the power line from the function of the contact guide possible. Since the contact lever is therefore not a power line function has more, he can only in mechanical Terms are optimized.

    Claims (8)

    1. Switching device for switching an electrical connection between a first and a second contact part (4, 5) with:
      a) a movable contact lever (1) for switching a contact between a switch contact (2) on the contact lever side and a switch contact of the first contact part (5),
      and
      b) a flexible electrical conductor electrically connected to the second contact part (4), whereby the switch contact (2) on the contact lever side is arranged on the flexible electrical conductor,
      characterised in that
      the flexible electrical conductor is designed as a flexible lead (3), whereby the contact lever (1) is partly fitted into a slit opening (8) in the flexible lead (3).
    2. Switching device according to Claim 11,
      characterised in that
      the contact lever (1) may be made of non-conductive material.
    3. Switching device according to Claim 2,
      characterised in that
      the switch contact on the contact lever side comprises a contact plate (2) arranged on the flexible lead (3).
    4. Switching device according to Claim 2 or 3,
      characterised in that
      the flexible lead (3) is a flexible copper band.
    5. Switching device according to Claim 4,
      characterised in that
      the contact plate (2) is soldered onto the copper band (3).
    6. Switching device according to Claim 5,
      characterised in that
      the copper band (3) is pressure welded on its end nearest the switch contact.
    7. Switching device according to Claim 5,
      characterised in that
      the copper band (3) is pre-bent.
    8. Switching device according to Claim 6,
      characterised in that
      the pressure welded end of the copper band (3) is fitted into a cut-out in the contact lever (1).
    EP98922682A 1997-04-11 1998-04-09 Switch Expired - Lifetime EP0974151B1 (en)

    Applications Claiming Priority (3)

    Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
    DE19715115A DE19715115C2 (en) 1997-04-11 1997-04-11 Switching device
    DE19715115 1997-04-11
    PCT/EP1998/002107 WO1998047160A1 (en) 1997-04-11 1998-04-09 Switch

    Publications (2)

    Publication Number Publication Date
    EP0974151A1 EP0974151A1 (en) 2000-01-26
    EP0974151B1 true EP0974151B1 (en) 2001-07-04

    Family

    ID=7826204

    Family Applications (1)

    Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
    EP98922682A Expired - Lifetime EP0974151B1 (en) 1997-04-11 1998-04-09 Switch

    Country Status (15)

    Country Link
    US (1) US6414255B1 (en)
    EP (1) EP0974151B1 (en)
    KR (1) KR20010006163A (en)
    CN (1) CN1076513C (en)
    AT (1) ATE202873T1 (en)
    CZ (1) CZ297373B6 (en)
    DE (2) DE19715115C2 (en)
    DK (1) DK0974151T3 (en)
    EA (1) EA001590B1 (en)
    ES (1) ES2161053T3 (en)
    GR (1) GR3036729T3 (en)
    HK (1) HK1027660A1 (en)
    PL (1) PL188254B1 (en)
    SK (1) SK285441B6 (en)
    WO (1) WO1998047160A1 (en)

    Families Citing this family (1)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    KR101639536B1 (en) * 2015-12-21 2016-07-13 한국에너지기술연구원 Reinforced composite membranes and method for manufacturing the same

    Family Cites Families (15)

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    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    DE698456C (en) * 1936-10-07 1940-11-11 Telefunken Gmbh Contact spring arrangement
    US2597368A (en) * 1950-05-11 1952-05-20 Gen Electric Switching member for circuit breakers
    US3264427A (en) * 1962-04-16 1966-08-02 Gen Electric Electric circuit protective device with energy diverting means
    US3930211A (en) * 1974-11-25 1975-12-30 Caribe Circuit Breaker Co Inc Circuit breaker
    DE2927879C2 (en) * 1979-07-11 1982-09-16 Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs-Gmbh, 6000 Frankfurt Contact arrangement for circuit breakers
    DE8109089U1 (en) * 1981-03-27 1981-07-09 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Contact device for installation devices with high switching capacity
    DE8506345U1 (en) * 1985-03-05 1986-07-03 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Contact arrangement in a relay for high switching capacity
    DE3536112A1 (en) * 1985-10-07 1987-04-09 Siemens Ag CONTACT ARRANGEMENT FOR LOW VOLTAGE CIRCUIT BREAKERS WITH A BENDING ELECTRIC STRIP
    JPH01176621A (en) * 1987-12-29 1989-07-13 Fuji Electric Co Ltd Overcurrent trip gear of circuit breaker
    WO1991006964A1 (en) * 1989-10-24 1991-05-16 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Contact device for a changer relay
    DE3935773A1 (en) * 1989-10-24 1991-04-25 Siemens Ag METHOD FOR PRODUCING A CONTACT DEVICE
    JP2924353B2 (en) * 1991-09-17 1999-07-26 松下電器産業株式会社 switch
    JPH07141972A (en) * 1993-11-17 1995-06-02 Idec Izumi Corp Electromagnetic relay and its manufacture
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    DE19636237A1 (en) * 1996-06-21 1998-01-02 Siemens Ag Low-voltage circuit-breaker switching contact system

    Also Published As

    Publication number Publication date
    CN1076513C (en) 2001-12-19
    WO1998047160A1 (en) 1998-10-22
    KR20010006163A (en) 2001-01-26
    EP0974151A1 (en) 2000-01-26
    EA001590B1 (en) 2001-06-25
    DE59800966D1 (en) 2001-08-09
    CZ297373B6 (en) 2006-11-15
    ES2161053T3 (en) 2001-11-16
    SK139599A3 (en) 2000-08-14
    ATE202873T1 (en) 2001-07-15
    CN1252160A (en) 2000-05-03
    CZ354499A3 (en) 2000-03-15
    GR3036729T3 (en) 2001-12-31
    US6414255B1 (en) 2002-07-02
    DE19715115C2 (en) 2001-07-19
    DE19715115A1 (en) 1998-10-22
    EA199900925A1 (en) 2000-04-24
    SK285441B6 (en) 2007-01-04
    DK0974151T3 (en) 2001-09-24
    PL335971A1 (en) 2000-06-05
    HK1027660A1 (en) 2001-01-19
    PL188254B1 (en) 2005-01-31

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