EP0966862B1 - Loudspeaker and method for producing the same - Google Patents

Loudspeaker and method for producing the same Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0966862B1
EP0966862B1 EP98914834A EP98914834A EP0966862B1 EP 0966862 B1 EP0966862 B1 EP 0966862B1 EP 98914834 A EP98914834 A EP 98914834A EP 98914834 A EP98914834 A EP 98914834A EP 0966862 B1 EP0966862 B1 EP 0966862B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cone
beading
bead
polyurethane
process according
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP98914834A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0966862A2 (en
Inventor
Siegfried Schriever
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Individual
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Individual
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04RLOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R31/00Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of transducers or diaphragms therefor
    • H04R31/006Interconnection of transducer parts
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04RLOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R7/00Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones
    • H04R7/16Mounting or tensioning of diaphragms or cones
    • H04R7/18Mounting or tensioning of diaphragms or cones at the periphery
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04RLOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2307/00Details of diaphragms or cones for electromechanical transducers, their suspension or their manufacture covered by H04R7/00 or H04R31/003, not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • H04R2307/029Diaphragms comprising fibres
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04RLOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2307/00Details of diaphragms or cones for electromechanical transducers, their suspension or their manufacture covered by H04R7/00 or H04R31/003, not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • H04R2307/201Damping aspects of the outer suspension of loudspeaker diaphragms by addition of additional damping means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a loudspeaker with a cone and with a bead connected to the cone as well as a Method of manufacturing such a loudspeaker.
  • Speakers of the aforementioned type are dynamic speakers, where there is a voice coil inside the magnetic field due to a permanent magnet electrical signals moved. This sets in with the Coil connected cone in motion and generates sound waves. The cone thus places the surrounding air in one electrical signal equivalent movement, where no audible natural vibrations of the cone should occur. The cone must therefore have a high internal damping. Therefore, in the prior art as a material of the cone fibrous paper mixture, plastic, metal foam or metal, preferably used in a honeycomb structure.
  • the cone can move as freely as possible can, it is necessary to use the outer end of the cone to connect a speaker basket with a bead, which the cone with the most constant spring action in its predetermined direction of movement.
  • a bead made of rubber, foam or coated fabric is made.
  • EP 0 552 040 A1 discloses a speaker with a cone that is made of hard polypropylene.
  • the one connected to the cone Bead is made of a soft polymer material manufactured so that the different requirements the hardness of the material of the cone on the one hand and the bead on the other hand, it is guaranteed.
  • the loudspeaker turns the cone in inserted part of a two-part mold. Subsequently the mold is closed with the second part.
  • the two mold parts are designed such that in the closed State a cavity remains that of shape corresponds to the bead to be molded.
  • Into this cavity from a circular food container elastomeric material injected, which - after solidification - the bead forms.
  • a loudspeaker is also known from EP 0 632 674 A1, its cone made of polypropylene and its bead and the associated Support part as a seal made of a thermoplastic synthetic resin is made.
  • a dicromatic mold applied in which in one first process step of the cone made of polypropylene in one Mold is made.
  • the bead and the supporting part with seal from the thermoplastic synthetic resin in the mold Injection made.
  • the curing of the materials they connect at the specified seams with each other, so that a permanent connection is created.
  • EP 0 632 675 A1 is a loudspeaker known, in which both the cone and the bead woven materials exist, but in different Quantity processed with a thermoplastic resin have been. This results in different levels of hardness for the cone and the bead.
  • EP 0 379 246 A1 describes a process for the production and application of a sprayable polyurethane material.
  • This process uses a polyurethane reaction mixture made of two components, which by means of a Spray gun on a surface of a negative mold for making sprayed onto a film in a homogeneous thickness becomes.
  • the spray gun has one for each component Nozzle through which the respective component emerges.
  • the hardness of the polyurethane film can thus set within wide limits. That in EP 0 379 246 B1 described method is used in particular for production of fittings in the manufacture of motor vehicles.
  • the present invention now has the technical problem based on a speaker and a method of manufacture specify a speaker where the above described Disadvantages of the prior art avoided become.
  • the technical problem outlined above through a speaker with a cone and with a bead connected to the cone, where the bead from a sprayed elastic plastic layer made in the solidified state consists.
  • the plastic layer consists of a thermoplastic Material.
  • the layer consists of a two component Reaction mixture as in a second preferred Embodiment can be set by adjusting the Amounts of the components of the polyurethane layer according to the invention depending on the application, the elasticity of the bead is very precise can be set.
  • the bead preferably contains one or more of the substances Polyurethane, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride or polyethylene.
  • the bead is preferably made of varietal purity a polyurethane layer.
  • Another advantage of using the above materials, in particular of polyurethane is that the bead made from it is waterproof, being light Values of 50 mm WS and more can be achieved. Thus, in reliably used the speakers even in places be in which there is a risk of moisture get in touch. Vehicle doors are an example called.
  • the cone also exists made of the same material as the bead, for which special preferred embodiment from a polyurethane layer, the however, unlike the bead is hard and a suitable one Stiffness has to meet the requirements for sound generation enough through the speaker. So both exist the cone and the bead made of a polyurethane layer, this results in a further advantageous manner increased purity of the components of the loudspeaker, so that later disposal or recycling is simplified becomes.
  • Another advantage results from the fact that a seal is provided, which is attached to the bead, preferably also a material connection between the bead and the seal is provided.
  • a two-component reaction mixture of existing plastic can be used by appropriate choice of Mixing ratio of the two components, depending on the shape, Size and performance requirements for the speakers that The elasticity of the bead can be adjusted very precisely.
  • the plastic preferably consists of a two-component Polyurethane reaction mixture.
  • the cone is also made of a polyurethane layer manufactured, however, a greater hardness than that Has previously described bead.
  • To make the cone is also a two-component polyurethane reaction mixture sprayed into the open negative form and trimmed after curing.
  • Preferably the cone and the bead become two in a row Work steps by spraying one out of two Components existing polyurethane reaction mixture in made the same negative form. Since cone and bead basically made of the same material with only different ones If there is hardness, a firm material bond is created Connection between cone and bead on the corresponding Interface.
  • the cone is made separately before the bead is made, This is how the cone can be used in the described method both before spraying the polyurethane layer for manufacture the bead as well as after spraying in the negative form arranged and positioned. In both cases then becomes a during the curing of the polyurethane layer fixed connection between the cone and the bead, without creating a separate adhesive connection must become.
  • Another improvement of the method according to the invention is achieved in that before spraying the polyurethane layer a sealing ring in a to produce the bead recess provided in the negative form is used. Then the polyurethane layer on the negative mold as well on the side facing the open side of the negative form of the sealing ring is sprayed on during the curing process the polyurethane layer a firm connection between the Surround and the sealing ring. Again, use can of an adhesive can be avoided.
  • the method according to the invention is more preferred when using rotationally symmetrical negative shapes simplified by the negative form during the Spraying the polyurethane layer is rotated and the Spray head only performs a substantially linear movement.
  • a suitable synchronization between the Rotational motion and linear motion becomes a uniform one
  • Application of the polyurethane layer ensures that the most uniform possible polyurethane layer is created.
  • Compliance with a predetermined layer thickness is beyond that also by using a matched to the negative form Counterform achieved after spraying the polyurethane layer is put on to a precisely defined To generate thickness of the polyurethane layer.
  • the still flowable polyurethane layer between including the negative form and the counter form the have a predetermined distance from each other. After this Curing is then a polyurethane layer with a precise defined thickness arose.
  • the facing the polyurethane layer Side of the counter mold as well as the surface of the negative mold is covered with a release agent.
  • the amount of release agent can be reduced or it can be due to that Release agent even dispensed with at least in the negative form if there are openings in the negative form, through the compressed air to facilitate demolding. This ensures in particular that the areas where a connection of the polyurethane layer with the arranged in a recess of the negative mold Seal should arise, no release agent available that can impair such a connection.
  • Figs. 1 and 2 of the drawing is part of a loudspeaker shown, the one cone 2 and one bead 4 connected to the cone 2.
  • the bead can as in the illustrated embodiment, towards the inside Speakers are arched.
  • the invention is self-evident not on loudspeakers with such shaped beads limited. Rather, with the method according to the invention Beads of various shapes can be produced.
  • On the adjacent edges of the bead 4 and the cone 2 these are connected to one another with a connection point 6.
  • This connection point 6 is on the inner edge of the Beading 4 arranged.
  • the bead 4 has a conical shape Part 8, which is essentially on the surface of the cone 2 is aligned.
  • the bead also has an outer annular part 10, which is used to attach the unit from bead 4 and cone 2 with one not in the drawing loudspeaker basket shown.
  • This part 10 can release agent-free by using the method according to the invention kept and thus safe without further preparatory work be glued to the basket.
  • the conical part 8 and the annular part 10 of the bead 4 are connected by an annular, a section 12 forming a curve, which forms the actual bead.
  • This elastic Section 12 or the bead enables relative movement of the cone 2 opposite the stationary annular part 10, the elastic properties of the annular Part 12 are chosen so that the vibration properties of the cone 2 are only slightly influenced.
  • the bead 4 made of a soft polyurethane layer. This offers the Advantage that the elastic properties of the bead very precisely through the mixing ratio of the components of the polyurethane can be adjusted.
  • the cone is made of a hard material, such as cardboard, made of a metal or polypropylene, the hardness of the cone 2 due to the material in each case is within predetermined limits.
  • Cone 2 as well as the bead 4 made of a polyurethane, wherein in the manufacture of the polyurethane layer of the cone 2 Mixing ratio of the components is chosen so that a harder polyurethane layer than the bead 4 is created. It follows that both the cone 2 and the beads 4 consist essentially of the same material, which only differs in its hardness.
  • connection point 6 overlap the connection point 6, the bead 4 and the cone 2, wherein the cone 2 is integrally connected to the bead 4.
  • the integral connection is created during the manufacturing process, which is described in more detail below.
  • the Cohesive connection has the advantage that no additional adhesive for connecting the bead 4 with the Cone 2 is required. If, in addition, both the cone 2 and the bead 4 consist of a polyurethane layer, a cohesive material results in a further advantageous manner Connection that is very reliable because of the same basic material of polyurethane a very good one Networking at the interface between the bead 4 and the Cone 2 can arise. Furthermore, both the cone 2 and the bead 4 approximately the same thermal properties on, so that temperature fluctuations to which the Speaker is not subject to a burden of Junction 6 between the cone 2 and the bead 4 to lead.
  • a seal 14 is provided which is attached to the outer annular part 10. This involves the manufacturing process described below a cohesive connection between the seal 14 and the bead 4 made by the polyurethane layer of Bead 4 applied directly to the surface of the seal 14 becomes. An additional adhesive is also avoided here and a very reliable connection between the Bead 4 and the seal 14 realized.
  • an open negative mold 16 is used, which is the shape of the a cone 2 and a surround 4 speaker pretends.
  • the cone 2 in the negative form 16 arranged and fixed in its exact position.
  • a two-component polyurethane reaction mixture sprayed into the open negative mold 16, so that a bead 4 is formed, which with the outer Edge of the cone 2 is connected.
  • the bead 4 has a high Elasticity
  • the bead 4 is made of a soft Polyurethane layer.
  • the two components are at one temperature warmed up, in which the components are flowable and sprayed onto the negative mold using a spray gun can be.
  • the Negative mold 16 also warmed up so that after spraying the polyurethane layer and the negative mold 16 together cool down and the desired uniform curing process cause.
  • the bead 4 connects to the connection point 6 with the surface of the cone 2, so that a cohesive Connection between the bead 4 and the cone 2 is created.
  • the cone 2 is also in the form of a polyurethane layer formed by a two component Polyurethane reaction mixture in the open negative form 16 is sprayed on.
  • the Bead 4 becomes the mixing ratio in the production of cone 2 of the two components of the polyurethane chosen that a hard polyurethane layer is created that meets the requirements corresponds to the vibration behavior of the cone 2.
  • the cone 2 is also like that Bead 4 made of a polyurethane layer, so it is advantageous that the cone 2 and the bead 4 in two successive Steps by spraying one out two component existing polyurethane reaction mixture be made in the same negative form. It follows the advantage that the method for producing a Loudspeaker just a few coordinated work steps has and therefore performed easily and inexpensively can be.
  • Another simplification of the manufacturing process of a speaker is that before spraying the polyurethane layer of the bead 4 a seal 14 in the form a sealing ring in a provided in the negative mold 16 Recess 18 is used. That to the open side of the negative form 16 directed surface of the seal 14 is then when spraying the polyurethane with the polyurethane layer covered. It forms during the curing of the polyurethane then a firm integral connection between the Beading 4 and the seal 14, so that in an advantageous manner on an additional adhesive to connect the seal 14 with the bead 4 can be dispensed with.
  • the seal 14 then serves when attaching the speaker with the Bead 4 on the speaker basket, not shown Sealing the opening of the loudspeaker housing to the interior of the housing to prevent contamination from entering or prevent moisture.
  • the rotationally symmetrical negative shape 16 during of spraying the polyurethane layer rotated so that it is only necessary to use the spray head, not shown only to drive an essentially linear movement.
  • the polyurethane layer has a precisely defined thickness after curing, becomes a counterform after spraying on the polyurethane layer 20 placed, as shown in Fig. 1.
  • the counter form 20 extends along the outer portion of the cone 2 over the connection point 6, along of the conical part 8, the annular part 12 and along a portion of the annular portion 10 of FIG Beading 4. After curing the polyurethane layer points this has a precisely specified thickness, which is determined by the distance predefined between the negative mold 16 and the counter mold 20 is.
  • the counterform 20 consists of a suitable material a smooth surface, such as "Teflon" or Silicone rubber.
  • a suitable material such as "Teflon” or Silicone rubber.
  • the surface of the counter shape 20 provided with a release agent.
  • the release agent then forms a boundary layer between the sprayed Polyurethane layer and the surface of the counter mold 20.
  • the negative mold 16 can be provided with a release agent become.
  • the counter shape extends 20 only over a short section along the annular Part 10 of the bead 4, so that the outer region of the annular part 10 is not covered by the counter-shape 20 becomes. This leaves the outer area of the ring-shaped Part 10 free of release agents so that the beading 4 is glued in this area with a speaker basket or with others Speaker parts is possible without a release agent must be removed before gluing. This also leads the fact that the manufacture of the speaker is simplified an additional step to remove the Release agent at the glue point is avoided.
  • the method according to the invention for producing a loudspeaker thus has only a small advantage Number of operations due to separate operations for the gluing of the seal 14 with the bead 4 and the Beading 4 with cone 2 are eliminated. Beyond that Tool costs saved because the entire manufacturing process takes place in the negative form 16. Also compared to Beading that is manufactured using the foam embossing process considerable material savings have been achieved.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Diaphragms For Electromechanical Transducers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a loudspeaker with a cone (2) and beading (4) connected thereto (2). Said beading consists of a sprayable plastic layer which is soft in a solid state. An open negative mould (16) is used in the method to produce the inventive loudspeaker, said cone (2) being arranged therein and secured thereto. Plastic is then sprayed into the open negative mould (16). The beading (4) is shaped in the form of a plastic layer and is joined to the cone (2).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Lautsprecher mit einem Konus und mit einer mit dem Konus verbundenen Sicke sowie ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines derartigen Lautsprechers.The invention relates to a loudspeaker with a cone and with a bead connected to the cone as well as a Method of manufacturing such a loudspeaker.

Lautsprecher der zuvor genannten Art sind dynamische Lautsprecher, bei denen sich eine Schwingspule innerhalb des magnetischen Feldes eines permanenten Magneten aufgrund von elektrischen Signalen bewegt. Dadurch setzt sich ein mit der Spule verbundener Konus in Bewegung und erzeugt Schallwellen. Der Konus setzt somit die umgebende Luft in eine dem elektrischen Signal möglichst äquivalente Bewegung, wobei keine hörbaren Eigenschwingungen des Konus entstehen sollen. Der Konus muß also eine hohe innere Dämpfung aufweisen. Daher werden im Stand der Technik als Material des Konus ein fasriges Papiergemisch, Kunststoff, Metallschaum oder Metall, vorzugsweise in Wabenstruktur, verwendet.Speakers of the aforementioned type are dynamic speakers, where there is a voice coil inside the magnetic field due to a permanent magnet electrical signals moved. This sets in with the Coil connected cone in motion and generates sound waves. The cone thus places the surrounding air in one electrical signal equivalent movement, where no audible natural vibrations of the cone should occur. The cone must therefore have a high internal damping. Therefore, in the prior art as a material of the cone fibrous paper mixture, plastic, metal foam or metal, preferably used in a honeycomb structure.

Damit der Konus möglichst ungehindert seine Bewegung ausführen kann, ist es notwendig, das äußere Ende des Konus mit einem Lautsprecherkorb mit Hilfe einer Sicke zu verbinden, die den Konus mit möglichst konstanter Federwirkung in seiner vorgegebenen Bewegungsrichtung hält. Dabei ist es allgemein bekannt, daß die Sicke aus Gummi, Schaumstoff oder eingestrichenenem Gewebe hergestellt ist.So that the cone can move as freely as possible can, it is necessary to use the outer end of the cone to connect a speaker basket with a bead, which the cone with the most constant spring action in its predetermined direction of movement. It is general known that the bead made of rubber, foam or coated fabric is made.

Die EP 0 552 040 A1, von der die vorliegende Erfindung ausgeht, offenbart einen Lautsprecher mit einem Konus, der aus hartem Polypropylen hergestellt ist. Die mit dem Konus verbundene Sicke ist dagegen aus einem weichen Polymer-Material hergestellt, so daß die unterschiedlichen Anforderungen an die Härte des Materials des Konus einerseits und der Sicke andererseits gewährleistet ist. Bei der Herstellung dieses Lautsprechers wird in einem ersten Schritt der Konus in einen Teil einer zweiteiligen Gießform eingelegt. Anschließend wird die Gießform mit dem zweiten Teil verschlossen. Die beiden Gießformteile sind derart gestaltet, daß im verschlossenen Zustand ein Hohlraum verbleibt, der der Gestalt der anzuformenden Sicke entspricht. In diesen Hohlraum wird aus einem kreisförmigen Speisebehälter elastomeres Material eingespritzt, welches schließlich - nach dem Verfestigen - die Sicke bildet.EP 0 552 040 A1, from which the present invention is based, discloses a speaker with a cone that is made of hard polypropylene. The one connected to the cone Bead, on the other hand, is made of a soft polymer material manufactured so that the different requirements the hardness of the material of the cone on the one hand and the bead on the other hand, it is guaranteed. When making this In a first step, the loudspeaker turns the cone in inserted part of a two-part mold. Subsequently the mold is closed with the second part. The two mold parts are designed such that in the closed State a cavity remains that of shape corresponds to the bead to be molded. Into this cavity from a circular food container elastomeric material injected, which - after solidification - the bead forms.

Auch aus der EP 0 632 674 A1 ist ein Lautsprecher bekannt, dessen Konus aus Polypropylen und dessen Sicke und das zugeordnete Trageteil als Dichtung aus einem thermoplastischen synthetischen Harz hergestellt ist. Für die Herstellung wird ein dikromatisches Gußformen angewendet, bei dem in einem ersten Verfahrensschritt der Konus aus Polypropylen in einer Gußform hergestellt wird. In einem zweiten Verfahrensschritt werden die Sicke und das Trageteil mit Dichtung aus dem thermoplastischen synthetischen Harz in der Gußform durch Einspritzen hergestellt. Während des Aushärtens der Materialien verbinden sich diese an den vorgegebenen Nahtstellen miteinander, so daß eine dauerhafte Verbindung entsteht. A loudspeaker is also known from EP 0 632 674 A1, its cone made of polypropylene and its bead and the associated Support part as a seal made of a thermoplastic synthetic resin is made. For the manufacture a dicromatic mold applied in which in one first process step of the cone made of polypropylene in one Mold is made. In a second step the bead and the supporting part with seal from the thermoplastic synthetic resin in the mold Injection made. During the curing of the materials they connect at the specified seams with each other, so that a permanent connection is created.

Schließlich ist aus der EP 0 632 675 A1 ein Lautsprecher bekannt, bei dem sowohl der Konus als auch die Sicke aus gewobenen Materialien bestehen, die jedoch in unterschiedlicher Menge mit einem thermoplastischen Harz bearbeitet worden sind. Somit ergeben sich unterschiedliche Härten für den Konus und die Sicke.Finally, EP 0 632 675 A1 is a loudspeaker known, in which both the cone and the bead woven materials exist, but in different Quantity processed with a thermoplastic resin have been. This results in different levels of hardness for the cone and the bead.

Die zuvor beschriebenen, aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Lautsprecher weisen den Nachteil auf, daß die elastischen Eigenschaften der verwendeten Materialien bei der Herstellung nur begrenzt einstellbar sind. Daher ist es notwendig, für Konus und Sicke unterschiedliche Materialien zu verwenden. Wenn darüber hinaus Lautsprecher mit unterschiedlichen Anforderungen hergestellt werden, können für dieselben Bauteile der unterschiedlichen Lautsprecher nicht die gleichen Materialien verwendet werden. Weiterhin ist bei den Herstellungsverfahren, die aus dem Stand der Technik bekannt sind, nachteilig, daß jeweils geschlossene Gußformen verwendet werden müssen, in die das Material eingespritzt wird, da sich hierdurch der Herstellungsaufwand auch durch einen aufwendigen Formenbau erhöht. Bei diesen Herstellungsverfahren ergibt sich ferner der Nachteil, daß aufgrund der Menge des überschüssigen Materials ein erheblicher Abfall entsteht.The previously described, known from the prior art Speakers have the disadvantage that the elastic Properties of the materials used in the manufacture can only be set to a limited extent. Therefore, it is necessary to use different materials for cone and bead. If, in addition, speakers with different Requirements can be made for the same components the different speakers are not the same Materials are used. Furthermore, in the manufacturing process, which are known from the prior art, disadvantageous that closed molds are used in each case into which the material is injected, because this also means that the manufacturing effort elaborate mold making increased. In these manufacturing processes there is also the disadvantage that due to the The amount of excess material is a significant waste arises.

Aus der EP 0 379 246 A1 ist ein Verfahren zur Herstellung und Anwendung eines sprühbaren Polyurethan-Materials bekannt. Bei diesem Verfahren wird ein Polyurethan-Reaktionsgemisch aus zwei Komponenten hergestellt, das mittels einer Sprühpistole auf eine Oberfläche einer Negativform zum Herstellen eines Filmes in einer homogenen Dicke aufgesprüht wird. Dazu weist die Sprühpistole für jede Komponente eine Düse auf, durch die die jeweilige Komponente austritt. Durch Einstellen der Durchflußmenge jeder Komponente durch die entsprechende Düse können in variabler Weise die Eigenschaften der aufgesprühten Polyurethanschicht eingestellt werden. EP 0 379 246 A1 describes a process for the production and application of a sprayable polyurethane material. This process uses a polyurethane reaction mixture made of two components, which by means of a Spray gun on a surface of a negative mold for making sprayed onto a film in a homogeneous thickness becomes. For this purpose, the spray gun has one for each component Nozzle through which the respective component emerges. By Adjust the flow rate of each component through the corresponding nozzle can vary the properties the sprayed polyurethane layer can be adjusted.

Insbesondere läßt sich somit die Härte des Polyurethanfilmes innerhalb weiter Grenzen einstellen. Das in der EP 0 379 246 B1 beschriebene Verfahren dient insbesondere der Herstellung von Armaturenteilen bei der Herstellung von Kraftfahrzeugen.In particular, the hardness of the polyurethane film can thus set within wide limits. That in EP 0 379 246 B1 described method is used in particular for production of fittings in the manufacture of motor vehicles.

Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt nun das technische Problem zugrunde, einen Lautsprecher und ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Lautsprechers anzugeben, bei dem die oben beschriebenen Nachteile des Standes der Technik vermieden werden.The present invention now has the technical problem based on a speaker and a method of manufacture specify a speaker where the above described Disadvantages of the prior art avoided become.

Erfindungsgemäß wird das zuvor aufgezeigte technische Problem durch einen Lautsprecher mit einem Konus und mit einer mit dem Konus verbundenen Sicke gelöst, bei dem die Sicke aus einer im Sprühverfahren hergestellten im verfestigten Zustand elastischen Kunststoffschicht besteht.According to the invention, the technical problem outlined above through a speaker with a cone and with a bead connected to the cone, where the bead from a sprayed elastic plastic layer made in the solidified state consists.

Dieses bietet den Vorteil, daß die Elastizität der Sicke je nach Anforderung sehr genau eingestellt werden kann. Ferner kann auf eine geschlossene Gießform verzichtet werden. Denn die Anforderung an die Elastizität der Sicke eines Lautsprechers hängt sowohl von der Größe des Lautsprechers als auch von der Amplitude ab, mit der sich der Konus bewegen können soll. Bei einer ersten bevorzugten Ausführungsform besteht die Kunststoffschicht aus einem thermoplastischen Werkstoff. Wenn jedoch die Schicht aus einem Zwei-Komponenten Reaktionsgemisch wie bei einer zweiten bevorzugten Ausführungsform besteht, kann durch Einstellung der Mengen der Komponenten der Polyurethanschicht erfindungsgemäß je nach Anwendung die Elastizität der Sicke sehr genau eingestellt werden.This offers the advantage that the elasticity of the Beading can be set very precisely depending on the requirement can. Furthermore, a closed mold can be dispensed with become. Because the requirement for the elasticity of the bead a speaker depends on both the size of the speaker as well as on the amplitude with which the cone should be able to move. In a first preferred embodiment the plastic layer consists of a thermoplastic Material. However, if the layer consists of a two component Reaction mixture as in a second preferred Embodiment can be set by adjusting the Amounts of the components of the polyurethane layer according to the invention depending on the application, the elasticity of the bead is very precise can be set.

Die Sicke enthält vorzugsweise einen oder mehrere der Stoffe Polyurethan, Polypropylen, Polyvinylchlorid oder Polyethylen. Wegen der Sortenreinheit ist die Sicke vorzugsweise aus einer Polyurethanschicht hergestellt. The bead preferably contains one or more of the substances Polyurethane, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride or polyethylene. The bead is preferably made of varietal purity a polyurethane layer.

Ein weiterer Vorteil der Verwendung von oben genannten Werkstoffen, insbesondere von Polyurethan besteht darin, daß die daraus hergestellte Sicke wasserdicht ist, wobei leicht Werte von 50 mm WS und mehr erreichbar sind. Somit können in zuverlässiger Weise die Lautsprecher auch an Orten verwendet werden, in denen die Gefahr besteht, daß sie mit Feuchtigkeit in Kontakt kommen. Beispielhaft seien Fahrzeugtüren genannt.Another advantage of using the above materials, in particular of polyurethane is that the bead made from it is waterproof, being light Values of 50 mm WS and more can be achieved. Thus, in reliably used the speakers even in places be in which there is a risk of moisture get in touch. Vehicle doors are an example called.

In weiter bevorzugter Ausführungsform besteht auch der Konus aus demselben Werkstoff wie die Sicke, bei der besonders bevorzugten Ausführungform aus einer Polyurethanschicht, die jedoch im Gegensatz zur Sicke hart ist und eine geeignete Steifheit aufweist, um den Anforderungen an die Schallerzeugung durch den Lautsprecher zu genügen. Bestehen also sowohl der Konus als auch die Sicke aus einer Polyurethanschicht, so ergibt sich in weiter vorteilhafter Weise eine nochmals erhöhte Sortenreinheit der Bauteile des Lautsprechers, so daß eine spätere Entsorgung bzw. ein Recycling vereinfacht wird.In a further preferred embodiment, the cone also exists made of the same material as the bead, for which special preferred embodiment from a polyurethane layer, the however, unlike the bead is hard and a suitable one Stiffness has to meet the requirements for sound generation enough through the speaker. So both exist the cone and the bead made of a polyurethane layer, this results in a further advantageous manner increased purity of the components of the loudspeaker, so that later disposal or recycling is simplified becomes.

Weiterhin wird durch das unten beschriebene Herstellungsverfahren gewährleistet, daß eine stoffschlüssige Verbindung zwischen dem Konus und der Sicke hergestellt wird, wodurch die Verwendung von Klebstoffen in vorteilhafter Weise vermieden wird.Furthermore, by the manufacturing process described below ensures that an integral connection is produced between the cone and the bead, whereby avoided the use of adhesives in an advantageous manner becomes.

Ein weiterer Vorteil ergibt sich dadurch, daß eine Dichtung vorgesehen ist, die an der Sicke befestigt ist, wobei vorzugsweise ebenfalls eine stoffschlüssige Verbindung zwischen der Sicke und der Dichtung vorgesehen ist.Another advantage results from the fact that a seal is provided, which is attached to the bead, preferably also a material connection between the bead and the seal is provided.

Weiterhin wird das obengenannte technische Problem, das der vorliegenden Erfindung zugrunde liegt, durch ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Lautsprechers gelöst, bei dem eine offene Negativform verwendet wird, die die Form des aus Konus und Sicke bestehenden Lautsprechers vorgibt. Der Konus, der zuvor hergestellt worden ist und aus den bekannten Materialien bestehen kann, wird in der Negativform angeordnet und in seiner korrekten Position befestigt. Anschließend wird bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren ein spritzfähiger Kunststoff in die offene Negativform aufgesprüht, wobei eine Sicke in Form einer weichen Kunststoffschicht gebildet wird, die sich mit dem Konus verbindet. Es kann ein thermoplastischer Kunststoff Verwendung finden. Wenn jedoch ein aus einem Zwei-Komponenten Reaktionsgemisch bestehender Kunststoff verwendet wird, kann durch geeignete Wahl des Mischungsverhältnisses der beiden Komponenten, je nach Form, Größe und Leistungsanforderungen an den Lautsprechern, die Elastizität der Sicke sehr genau eingestellt werden. Besonders bevorzugt besteht der Kunststoff aus einem Zwei-Komponenten Polyurethan-Reaktionsgemisch.Furthermore, the above-mentioned technical problem that the underlying the present invention, by a method solved to produce a speaker in which a Open negative form is used, which is the shape of the Cone and surrounds existing speaker. The cone, which was previously made and from the known Materials can exist, is arranged in the negative form and fastened in its correct position. Subsequently becomes a sprayable in the inventive method Plastic sprayed into the open negative mold, one Bead is formed in the form of a soft plastic layer, that connects to the cone. It can be a thermoplastic Use plastic. However, if one is off a two-component reaction mixture of existing plastic can be used by appropriate choice of Mixing ratio of the two components, depending on the shape, Size and performance requirements for the speakers that The elasticity of the bead can be adjusted very precisely. Especially the plastic preferably consists of a two-component Polyurethane reaction mixture.

Bei einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens wird der Konus ebenfalls aus einer Polyurethanschicht hergestellt, die jedoch eine größere Härte als die zuvor beschriebene Sicke aufweist. Zur Herstellung des Konus wird ebenfalls ein aus zwei Komponenten bestehendes Polyurethan-Reaktionsgemisch in die offene Negativform aufgesprüht und nach dem Aushärten besäumt. In bevorzugter Weise werden somit der Konus und die Sicke in zwei aufeinanderfolgenden Arbeitsschritten durch Aufsprühen eines aus zwei Komponenten bestehenden Polyurethan-Reaktionsgemisches in derselben Negativform hergestellt. Da somit Konus und Sicke aus prinzipiell dem gleichen Material mit lediglich unterschiedlicher Härte bestehen, entsteht eine feste stoffschlüssige Verbindung zwischen Konus und Sicke an der entsprechenden Nahtstelle.In a preferred embodiment of the invention The cone is also made of a polyurethane layer manufactured, however, a greater hardness than that Has previously described bead. To make the cone is also a two-component polyurethane reaction mixture sprayed into the open negative form and trimmed after curing. Preferably the cone and the bead become two in a row Work steps by spraying one out of two Components existing polyurethane reaction mixture in made the same negative form. Since cone and bead basically made of the same material with only different ones If there is hardness, a firm material bond is created Connection between cone and bead on the corresponding Interface.

Wird der Konus vor der Herstellung der Sicke separat hergestellt, so kann der Konus bei dem beschriebenen Verfahren sowohl vor dem Aufsprühen der Polyurethanschicht zur Herstellung der Sicke als auch nach dem Aufsprühen in der Negativform angeordnet und positioniert werden. In beiden Fällen wird dann während des Aushärtens der Polyurethanschicht eine feste Verbindung zwischen dem Konus und der Sicke hergestellt, ohne daß eine separate Klebstoffverbindung erzeugt werden muß. If the cone is made separately before the bead is made, This is how the cone can be used in the described method both before spraying the polyurethane layer for manufacture the bead as well as after spraying in the negative form arranged and positioned. In both cases then becomes a during the curing of the polyurethane layer fixed connection between the cone and the bead, without creating a separate adhesive connection must become.

Eine weitere Verbesserung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens wird dadurch erreicht, daß vor dem Aufsprühen der Polyurethanschicht zur Herstellung der Sicke ein Dichtring in eine in der Negativform vorgesehene Aussparung eingesetzt wird. Wird dann die Polyurethanschicht auf die Negativform sowie auf die zur offenen Seite der Negativform zugewandten Seite des Dichtringes aufgesprüht, so wird während der Aushärtung der Polyurethanschicht eine feste Verbindung zwischen der Sicke und dem Dichtring erzeugt. Auch hier kann die Verwendung eines Klebstoffes vermieden werden.Another improvement of the method according to the invention is achieved in that before spraying the polyurethane layer a sealing ring in a to produce the bead recess provided in the negative form is used. Then the polyurethane layer on the negative mold as well on the side facing the open side of the negative form of the sealing ring is sprayed on during the curing process the polyurethane layer a firm connection between the Surround and the sealing ring. Again, use can of an adhesive can be avoided.

In weiter bevorzugter Weise wird das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren bei der Verwendung von rotationssymmetrischen Negativformen vereinfacht, indem die Negativform während des Aufsprühens der Polyurethanschicht gedreht wird und der Sprühkopf nur eine im wesentlichen lineare Bewegung ausführt. Durch eine geeignete Synchronisierung zwischen der Drehbewegung und der linearen Bewegung wird ein gleichförmiges Auftragen der Polyurethanschicht gewährleistet, so daß eine möglichst gleichmäßige Polyurethanschicht entsteht.The method according to the invention is more preferred when using rotationally symmetrical negative shapes simplified by the negative form during the Spraying the polyurethane layer is rotated and the Spray head only performs a substantially linear movement. By a suitable synchronization between the Rotational motion and linear motion becomes a uniform one Application of the polyurethane layer ensures that the most uniform possible polyurethane layer is created.

Die Einhaltung einer vorgegebenen Schichtdicke wird darüber hinaus auch durch Verwendung einer an die Negativform angepaßte Gegenform erreicht, die nach dem Aufsprühen der Polyurethanschicht aufgesetzt wird, um eine genau definierte Dicke der Polyurethanschicht zu erzeugen. Somit wird nach dem Aufsprühen die noch fließfähige Polyurethanschicht zwischen der Negativform und der Gegenform eingeschlossen, die einen vorgegebenen Abstand voneinander aufweisen. Nach dem Aushärten ist dann eine Polyurethanschicht mit einer genau definierten Dicke entstanden.Compliance with a predetermined layer thickness is beyond that also by using a matched to the negative form Counterform achieved after spraying the polyurethane layer is put on to a precisely defined To generate thickness of the polyurethane layer. Thus, after spraying the still flowable polyurethane layer between including the negative form and the counter form, the have a predetermined distance from each other. After this Curing is then a polyurethane layer with a precise defined thickness arose.

Damit die Gegenform wie auch die Negativform sich leicht von der hergestellten Polyurethanschicht entfernen läßt, ist es vorteilhaft, wenn die der Polyurethanschicht zugewandten Seite der Gegenform wie auch die Oberfläche der Negativform mit einem Trennmittel bedeckt wird.So that the counter form as well as the negative form differs slightly the polyurethane layer produced can be removed, it is advantageous if the facing the polyurethane layer Side of the counter mold as well as the surface of the negative mold is covered with a release agent.

Die Menge an Trennmittel kann reduziert oder es kann auf das Trennmittel sogar zumindest bei der Negativform verzichtet werden, wenn in der Negativform Öffnungen vorgesehen sind, durch die Druckluft geführt wird, um das Entformen zu erleichtern. Dadurch wird insbesondere sichergestellt, daß in den Bereichen, in denen eine Verbindung der Polyurethanschicht mit der in einer Aussparung der Negativform angeordneten Dichtung entstehen soll, kein Trennmittel vorhanden ist, das eine solche Verbindung beeinträchtigen kann.The amount of release agent can be reduced or it can be due to that Release agent even dispensed with at least in the negative form if there are openings in the negative form, through the compressed air to facilitate demolding. This ensures in particular that the areas where a connection of the polyurethane layer with the arranged in a recess of the negative mold Seal should arise, no release agent available that can impair such a connection.

Die Erfindung wird im folgenden anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen näher erläutert, wobei auf die Zeichnung Bezug genommen wird. In der Zeichnung zeigt

Fig. 1
eine mit einem Konus verbundene Sicke, die auf einer Negativform hergestellt worden ist und deren Schichtdicke durch Aufsetzen einer Gegenform bestimmt wird, und
Fig. 2
ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel einer mit einem Konus verbundenen Sicke, die im äußeren Bereich mit einer in der Negativform angeordneten Dichtung verbunden ist.
The invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of exemplary embodiments, reference being made to the drawing. In the drawing shows
Fig. 1
a bead connected with a cone, which has been produced on a negative mold and whose layer thickness is determined by placing a counter-mold, and
Fig. 2
a second embodiment of a bead connected with a cone, which is connected in the outer region with a seal arranged in the negative form.

In den Fign. 1 und 2 der Zeichnung ist ein Teil eines Lautsprechers dargestellt, der aus einem Konus 2 und aus einer mit dem Konus 2 verbundenen Sicke 4 besteht. Die Sicke kann, wie in dem dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel, nach innen zum Lautsprecher gewölbt sein. Selbstverständlich ist die Erfindung nicht auf Lautsprecher mit derartig geformten Sicken beschränkt. Vielmehr sind mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren Sicken der unterschiedlichsten Formen herstellbar. An den aneinandergrenzenden Kanten der Sicke 4 und des Konus 2 sind diese mit einer Verbindungsstelle 6 miteinander verbunden. Diese Verbindungsstelle 6 ist am inneren Rand der Sicke 4 angeordnet. Die Sicke 4 weist dazu einen konusförmigen Teil 8 auf, der im wesentlichen auf die Fläche des Konus 2 ausgerichtet ist. Die Sicke weist weiterhin einen äußeren ringförmigen Teil 10 auf, der zur Befestigung der Einheit aus Sicke 4 und Konus 2 mit einem nicht in der Zeichnung dargestellten Lautsprecherkorb dient. Dieser Teil 10 kann durch Anwendung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens trennmittelfrei gehalten und somit ohne weitere Vorarbeiten sicher mit dem Korb verklebt werden. Der konusförmige Teil 8 und der ringförmige Teil 10 der Sicke 4 sind über einen ringförmigen, eine Rundung bildenden Abschnitt 12 miteinander verbunden, der die eigentliche Sicke bildet. Dieser elastische Abschnitt 12 bzw. die Sicke ermöglicht eine relative Bewegung des Konus 2 gegenüber dem ortsfesten ringförmigen Teil 10, wobei die elastischen Eigenschaften des ringförmigen Teils 12 so gewählt sind, daß die Schwingungseigenschaften des Konus 2 nur unwesentlich beeinflußt werden.In Figs. 1 and 2 of the drawing is part of a loudspeaker shown, the one cone 2 and one bead 4 connected to the cone 2. The bead can as in the illustrated embodiment, towards the inside Speakers are arched. The invention is self-evident not on loudspeakers with such shaped beads limited. Rather, with the method according to the invention Beads of various shapes can be produced. On the adjacent edges of the bead 4 and the cone 2 these are connected to one another with a connection point 6. This connection point 6 is on the inner edge of the Beading 4 arranged. The bead 4 has a conical shape Part 8, which is essentially on the surface of the cone 2 is aligned. The bead also has an outer annular part 10, which is used to attach the unit from bead 4 and cone 2 with one not in the drawing loudspeaker basket shown. This part 10 can release agent-free by using the method according to the invention kept and thus safe without further preparatory work be glued to the basket. The conical part 8 and the annular part 10 of the bead 4 are connected by an annular, a section 12 forming a curve, which forms the actual bead. This elastic Section 12 or the bead enables relative movement of the cone 2 opposite the stationary annular part 10, the elastic properties of the annular Part 12 are chosen so that the vibration properties of the cone 2 are only slightly influenced.

Bei dem in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Lautsprechers besteht die Sicke 4 aus einer weichen Polyurethanschicht. Dieses bietet den Vorteil, daß die elastischen Eigenschaften der Sicke sehr genau durch das Mischverhältnis der Komponenten des Polyurethan eingestellt werden können.In the embodiment shown in the drawing of a loudspeaker according to the invention there is the bead 4 made of a soft polyurethane layer. This offers the Advantage that the elastic properties of the bead very precisely through the mixing ratio of the components of the polyurethane can be adjusted.

Üblicherweise besteht der Konus aus einem harten Material, wie beispielsweise Pappe, aus einem Metall oder aus Polypropylen, wobei die Härte des Konus 2 durch das Material jeweils innerhalb vorgegebener Grenzen liegt. Bei dem in den Fign. 1 und 2 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel besteht der Konus 2 ebenso wie die Sicke 4 aus einem Polyurethan, wobei bei der Herstellung der Polyurethanschicht des Konus 2 das Mischungsverhältnis der Komponenten so gewählt wird, daß eine härtere Polyurethanschicht als bei der Sicke 4 entsteht. Somit ergibt sich, daß sowohl der Konus 2 als auch die Sicke 4 im wesentlichen aus demselben Material bestehen, das sich jeweils lediglich in seiner Härteeigenschaft unterscheidet.Usually the cone is made of a hard material, such as cardboard, made of a metal or polypropylene, the hardness of the cone 2 due to the material in each case is within predetermined limits. In the in the FIGS. 1 and 2 embodiment shown Cone 2 as well as the bead 4 made of a polyurethane, wherein in the manufacture of the polyurethane layer of the cone 2 Mixing ratio of the components is chosen so that a harder polyurethane layer than the bead 4 is created. It follows that both the cone 2 and the beads 4 consist essentially of the same material, which only differs in its hardness.

Wie in den Fign. 1 und 2 dargestellt ist, überlappen sich an der Verbindungsstelle 6 die Sicke 4 und der Konus 2, wobei der Konus 2 mit der Sicke 4 stoffschlüssig verbunden ist. Die stoffschlüssige Verbindung entsteht bei dem Herstellungsverfahren, das weiter unten näher beschrieben wird. Die stoffschlüssige Verbindung weist den Vorteil auf, daß kein zusätzlicher Klebstoff zur Verbindung der Sicke 4 mit dem Konus 2 benötigt wird. Wenn darüber hinaus sowohl der Konus 2 als auch die Sicke 4 aus einer Polyurethanschicht bestehen, ergibt sich in weiter vorteilhafter Weise eine stoffschlüssige Verbindung, die sehr zuverlässig ist, da wegen desselben Grundmaterials des Polyurethan eine sehr gute Vernetzung an der Grenzschicht zwischen der Sicke 4 und dem Konus 2 entstehen kann. Weiterhin weisen sowohl der Konus 2 als auch die Sicke 4 annähernd gleiche thermische Eigenschaften auf, so daß auch Temperaturschwankungen, denen der Lautsprecher unterworfen ist, nicht zu einer Belastung der Verbindungsstelle 6 zwischen dem Konus 2 und der Sicke 4 führen.As shown in Figs. 1 and 2 are shown, overlap the connection point 6, the bead 4 and the cone 2, wherein the cone 2 is integrally connected to the bead 4. The integral connection is created during the manufacturing process, which is described in more detail below. The Cohesive connection has the advantage that no additional adhesive for connecting the bead 4 with the Cone 2 is required. If, in addition, both the cone 2 and the bead 4 consist of a polyurethane layer, a cohesive material results in a further advantageous manner Connection that is very reliable because of the same basic material of polyurethane a very good one Networking at the interface between the bead 4 and the Cone 2 can arise. Furthermore, both the cone 2 and the bead 4 approximately the same thermal properties on, so that temperature fluctuations to which the Speaker is not subject to a burden of Junction 6 between the cone 2 and the bead 4 to lead.

Wie in Fig. 2 dargestellt ist, ist eine Dichtung 14 vorgesehen, die an dem äußeren, ringförmigen Teil 10 befestigt ist. Dabei wird bei dem unten beschriebenen Herstellungsverfahren eine stoffschlüssige Verbindung zwischen der Dichtung 14 und der Sicke 4 hergestellt, indem die Polyurethanschicht der Sicke 4 direkt auf die Oberfläche der Dichtung 14 aufgebracht wird. Auch hier wird ein zusätzlicher Klebstoff vermieden und eine sehr zuverlässige Verbindung zwischen der Sicke 4 und der Dichtung 14 realisiert. As shown in Fig. 2, a seal 14 is provided which is attached to the outer annular part 10. This involves the manufacturing process described below a cohesive connection between the seal 14 and the bead 4 made by the polyurethane layer of Bead 4 applied directly to the surface of the seal 14 becomes. An additional adhesive is also avoided here and a very reliable connection between the Bead 4 and the seal 14 realized.

Im folgenden wird das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Lautsprechers beschrieben. Bei dem Verfahren wird eine offene Negativform 16 verwendet, die die Form des einen Konus 2 und eine Sicke 4 aufweisenden Lautsprechers vorgibt. Zunächst wird der Konus 2 in der Negativform 16 angeordnet und an seiner genauen Position befestigt. Anschließend wird ein aus zwei Komponenten bestehendes Polyurethan-Reaktionsgemisch in die offene Negativform 16 aufgesprüht, so daß eine Sicke 4 gebildet wird, die mit dem äußeren Rand des Konus 2 verbunden ist. Durch eine geeignete Einstellung des Mischungsverhältnisses der Komponenten des Polyurethan-Reaktionsgemisches weist die Sicke 4 eine hohe Elastizität auf, die Sicke 4 besteht also aus einer weichen Polyurethanschicht. Zum Aufspritzen des Polyurethan-Reaktionsgemisches werden die beiden Komponenten auf eine Temperatur aufgewärmt, bei der die Komponenten fließfähig sind und mit Hilfe einer Sprühpistole auf die Negativform aufgesprüht werden können. Um eine möglichst gleichmäßige Verteilung und eine möglichst gleichförmige Aushärtung der aufgesprühten Polyurethanschicht zu erreichen, wird die Negativform 16 ebenfalls aufgewärmt, so daß nach dem Aufsprühen die Polyurethanschicht und die Negativform 16 gemeinsam abkühlen und den gewünschten gleichmäßigen Aushärtungsprozeß bewirken. Während dieses Aushärtungsprozesses verbindet sich die Sicke 4 an der Verbindungsstelle 6 mit der Oberfläche des Konus 2, so daß eine stoffschlüssige Verbindung zwischen der Sicke 4 und dem Konus 2 entsteht.The following is the method of manufacture according to the invention of a loudspeaker. In the process an open negative mold 16 is used, which is the shape of the a cone 2 and a surround 4 speaker pretends. First, the cone 2 in the negative form 16 arranged and fixed in its exact position. Subsequently becomes a two-component polyurethane reaction mixture sprayed into the open negative mold 16, so that a bead 4 is formed, which with the outer Edge of the cone 2 is connected. By a suitable one Setting the mixing ratio of the components of the Polyurethane reaction mixture, the bead 4 has a high Elasticity, the bead 4 is made of a soft Polyurethane layer. For spraying the polyurethane reaction mixture the two components are at one temperature warmed up, in which the components are flowable and sprayed onto the negative mold using a spray gun can be. To ensure that the distribution is as even as possible and the most uniform possible curing of the sprayed polyurethane layer will achieve the Negative mold 16 also warmed up so that after spraying the polyurethane layer and the negative mold 16 together cool down and the desired uniform curing process cause. During this curing process the bead 4 connects to the connection point 6 with the surface of the cone 2, so that a cohesive Connection between the bead 4 and the cone 2 is created.

In einer weiteren Ausgestaltung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens wird der Konus 2 ebenfalls in Form einer Polyurethanschicht gebildet, indem ein aus zwei Komponenten bestehendes Polyurethan-Reaktionsgemisch in die offene Negativform 16 aufgesprüht wird. Im Gegensatz zur Herstellung der Sicke 4 wird bei der Herstellung Konus 2 das Mischungsverhältnis der beiden Komponenten des Polyurethans so gewählt, daß eine harte Polyurethanschicht entsteht, die den Anforderungen an das Schwingungsverhalten des Konus 2 entspricht.In a further embodiment of the method according to the invention the cone 2 is also in the form of a polyurethane layer formed by a two component Polyurethane reaction mixture in the open negative form 16 is sprayed on. In contrast to the manufacture of the Bead 4 becomes the mixing ratio in the production of cone 2 of the two components of the polyurethane chosen that a hard polyurethane layer is created that meets the requirements corresponds to the vibration behavior of the cone 2.

Wird - wie zuvor beschrieben - der Konus 2 ebenfalls wie die Sicke 4 aus einer Polyurethanschicht hergestellt, so ist es vorteilhaft, daß der Konus 2 und die Sicke 4 in zwei aufeinanderfolgenden Arbeitsschritten durch Aufsprühen eines aus zwei Komponenten bestehenden Polyurethan-Reaktionsgemisches in derselben Negativform hergestellt werden. Daraus ergibt sich der Vorteil, daß das Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Lautsprechers nur wenige aufeinander abgestimmte Arbeitsschritte aufweist und daher einfach und kostengünstig durchgeführt werden kann.If - as described above - the cone 2 is also like that Bead 4 made of a polyurethane layer, so it is advantageous that the cone 2 and the bead 4 in two successive Steps by spraying one out two component existing polyurethane reaction mixture be made in the same negative form. It follows the advantage that the method for producing a Loudspeaker just a few coordinated work steps has and therefore performed easily and inexpensively can be.

Eine weitere Vereinfachung des Verfahrens zur Herstellung eines Lautsprechers besteht darin, daß vor dem Aufsprühen der Polyurethanschicht der Sicke 4 eine Dichtung 14 in Form eines Dichtringes in eine in der Negativform 16 vorgesehene Aussparung 18 eingesetzt wird. Die zur offenen Seite der Negativform 16 gerichtete Oberfläche der Dichtung 14 wird dann beim Aufsprühen des Polyurethans mit der Polyurethanschicht bedeckt. Während des Aushärtens des Polyurethans entsteht dann eine feste stoffschlüssige Verbindung zwischen der Sicke 4 und der Dichtung 14, so daß in vorteilhafter Weise auf einen zusätzlichen Klebstoff zur Verbindung der Dichtung 14 mit der Sicke 4 verzichtet werden kann. Die Dichtung 14 dient dann bei der Befestigung des Lautsprechers mit der Sicke 4 an dem nicht dargestellten Lautsprecherkorb einer Abdichtung der Öffnung des Lautsprechergehäuses zum Innenraum des Gehäuses, um ein Eindringen von Verunreinigungen oder von Feuchtigkeit zu verhindern.Another simplification of the manufacturing process of a speaker is that before spraying the polyurethane layer of the bead 4 a seal 14 in the form a sealing ring in a provided in the negative mold 16 Recess 18 is used. That to the open side of the negative form 16 directed surface of the seal 14 is then when spraying the polyurethane with the polyurethane layer covered. It forms during the curing of the polyurethane then a firm integral connection between the Beading 4 and the seal 14, so that in an advantageous manner on an additional adhesive to connect the seal 14 with the bead 4 can be dispensed with. The seal 14 then serves when attaching the speaker with the Bead 4 on the speaker basket, not shown Sealing the opening of the loudspeaker housing to the interior of the housing to prevent contamination from entering or prevent moisture.

Bei einer weiteren Ausgestaltung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens wird die rotationssymmetrische Negativform 16 während des Aufsprühens der Polyurethanschicht gedreht, so daß es lediglich notwendig ist, den nicht dargestellten Sprühkopf nur zu einer im wesentlichen linearen Bewegung anzutreiben. Indem der Sprühkopf zwischen zwei Endpositionen hin- und herbewegt wird, während die rotationssymmetrische Negativform 16 gedreht wird, wird ein gleichmäßiges Aufsprühen der Polyurethanschicht auf die Negativform erreicht.In a further embodiment of the method according to the invention the rotationally symmetrical negative shape 16 during of spraying the polyurethane layer rotated so that it is only necessary to use the spray head, not shown only to drive an essentially linear movement. By placing the spray head between two end positions is reciprocated while the rotationally symmetrical Negative mold 16 is rotated, a uniform spraying reached the polyurethane layer on the negative form.

Um darüber hinaus zu erreichen, daß die Polyurethanschicht eine genau definierte Dicke nach dem Aushärten aufweist, wird nach dem Aufsprühen der Polyurethanschicht eine Gegenform 20 aufgesetzt, wie in Fig. 1 dargestellt ist. Die Gegenform 20 erstreckt sich dabei entlang des äußeren Abschnittes des Konus 2 über die Verbindungsstelle 6, entlang des konusförmigen Teils 8, des ringförmigen Teils 12 und entlang eines Abschnittes des ringförmigen Teils 10 der Sicke 4. Nach dem Aushärten der Polyurethanschicht weist diese eine genau vorgegebene Dicke auf, die durch den Abstand zwischen der Negativform 16 und der Gegenform 20 vorgegeben ist.To also achieve that the polyurethane layer has a precisely defined thickness after curing, becomes a counterform after spraying on the polyurethane layer 20 placed, as shown in Fig. 1. The counter form 20 extends along the outer portion of the cone 2 over the connection point 6, along of the conical part 8, the annular part 12 and along a portion of the annular portion 10 of FIG Beading 4. After curing the polyurethane layer points this has a precisely specified thickness, which is determined by the distance predefined between the negative mold 16 and the counter mold 20 is.

Die Gegenform 20 besteht aus einem geeigneten Material mit einer glatten Oberfläche, wie beispielsweise "Teflon" oder Silikon-Kautschuk. Um darüber hinaus ein leichtes Ablösen der Gegenform 20 von der ausgehärteten Polyurethanschicht zu erreichen und um eine auch nur ansatzweise erfolgende Verbindung zwischen der aufgesprühten Polyurethanschicht mit der Gegenform zu verhindern, wird die Oberfläche der Gegenform 20 mit einem Trennmittel versehen. Das Trennmittel bildet dann eine Grenzschicht zwischen der aufgesprühten Polyurethanschicht und der Oberfläche der Gegenform 20. Ebenso kann die Negativform 16 mit einem Trennmittel versehen werden.The counterform 20 consists of a suitable material a smooth surface, such as "Teflon" or Silicone rubber. To make it easy to peel off the counter mold 20 from the cured polyurethane layer reach and a connection that is only partially established between the sprayed polyurethane layer with To prevent the counter shape, the surface of the counter shape 20 provided with a release agent. The release agent then forms a boundary layer between the sprayed Polyurethane layer and the surface of the counter mold 20. Likewise, the negative mold 16 can be provided with a release agent become.

Wie oben beschrieben worden ist, erstreckt sich die Gegenform 20 nur über einen kurzen Abschnitt entlang des ringförmigen Teils 10 der Sicke 4, so daß der äußere Bereich des ringförmigen Teils 10 nicht von der Gegenform 20 abgedeckt wird. Dadurch bleibt der äußere Bereich des ringförmigen Teils 10 trennmittelfrei, so daß ein Verkleben der Sicke 4 in diesem Bereich mit einem Lautsprecherkorb oder mit anderen Lautsprecherteilen möglich ist, ohne daß ein Trennmittel vor dem Verkleben entfernt werden muß. Auch dieses führt dazu, daß die Herstellung des Lautsprechers vereinfacht wird, da ein zusätzlicher Arbeitsschritt zum Entfernen des Trennmittels an der Klebestelle vermieden wird.As described above, the counter shape extends 20 only over a short section along the annular Part 10 of the bead 4, so that the outer region of the annular part 10 is not covered by the counter-shape 20 becomes. This leaves the outer area of the ring-shaped Part 10 free of release agents so that the beading 4 is glued in this area with a speaker basket or with others Speaker parts is possible without a release agent must be removed before gluing. This also leads the fact that the manufacture of the speaker is simplified an additional step to remove the Release agent at the glue point is avoided.

Um das Entformen der ausgehärteten Polyurethanschicht von der Negativform 16 zu erleichtern, sind bei einem weiteren Ausführungsbeispiel, das nicht in der Zeichnung dargestellt ist, in der Negativform 16 Öffnungen vorgesehen, durch die Druckluft geführt wird. Dadurch kann ein Auftragen eines Trennmittels auf die Negativform vor dem Aufsprühen der Polyurethanschicht vermieden werden, so daß eine nachträgliche Reinigung der Oberfläche der Polyurethanschicht entfallen kann.In order to demold the cured polyurethane layer from to facilitate the negative form 16 are in another Embodiment that is not shown in the drawing is provided in the negative mold 16 openings through which Compressed air is guided. This can result in an application of a Release agent on the negative form before spraying the Polyurethane layer can be avoided, so that a subsequent There is no need to clean the surface of the polyurethane layer can.

Nach dem Aushärten der aufgesprühten Polyurethanschicht zur Herstellung der Sicke 4 und gegebenenfalls zur Herstellung des Konus 2 ist es abschließend erforderlich, den äußeren Rand des ringförmigen Teils 10 der Sicke 4 abzuschneiden. Dieser Besäumungsvorgang wird bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren in der Negativform 16 mit Hilfe eines Messer, vorzugsweise eines Kreismessers vollzogen. Daher ist es nicht notwendig, nach dem Entfernen des aus dem Konus 2 und der Sicke 4 bestehenden Lautsprecherbauteils dieses Bauteil erneut auf einer Form anzuordnen und das Besäumungsverfahren durchzuführen. Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren findet also die gesamte Herstellung des aus dem Konus 2 und der Sicke 4 bestehenden Lautsprecherbauteils vollständig in der Negativform 16 statt.After the sprayed polyurethane layer has hardened Production of the bead 4 and optionally for production of the cone 2, it is finally necessary to the outer Cut off the edge of the annular part 10 of the bead 4. This trimming process is in the inventive Method in negative form 16 with the aid of a knife, preferably performed a circular knife. Therefore, it is not necessary after removing the from the cone 2 and the bead 4 existing speaker component of this component rearrange on a mold and the trimming process perform. In the method according to the invention takes place So the entire manufacture of the cone 2 and the Bead 4 existing speaker component completely in the Negative form 16 instead.

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Lautsprechers weist also in vorteilhafter Weise nur eine geringe Anzahl von Arbeitsgängen auf, da separate Arbeitsgänge für das Verkleben der Dichtung 14 mit der Sicke 4 sowie der Sicke 4 mit dem Konus 2 entfallen. Darüber hinaus werden Werkzeugkosten eingespart, da der gesamte Herstellungsprozeß in der Negativform 16 stattfindet. Auch wird im Vergleich zu Sicken, die nach dem Schaumstoff-Prägeverfahren hergestellt wurden, eine erhebliche Materialersparnis erzielt. The method according to the invention for producing a loudspeaker thus has only a small advantage Number of operations due to separate operations for the gluing of the seal 14 with the bead 4 and the Beading 4 with cone 2 are eliminated. Beyond that Tool costs saved because the entire manufacturing process takes place in the negative form 16. Also compared to Beading that is manufactured using the foam embossing process considerable material savings have been achieved.

BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

22
Konuscone
44
SickeBeading
66
Verbindungsstellejunction
88th
konusförmiger Teilconical part
1010
ringförmiger Teilannular part
1212
ringförmiger Teilannular part
1414
Dichtungpoetry
1616
Negativformnegative form
1818
Aussparungrecess
2020
Gegenformcounter-mold

Claims (19)

  1. Loudspeaker
    with a cone (2) and
    with a beading (4) attached to the cone (2), characterized in that said beading (4) is composed of a plastic layer, said plastic layer being prepared in a spraying process and being elastic in its solidified state.
  2. Loudspeaker according to claim 1, characterized in that the beading (4) is composed of a thermoplastic plastic layer.
  3. Loudspeaker according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the beading (4) is composed of a two-component reaction mixture.
  4. Loudspeaker according to any of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the beading (4) comprises one or more of the materials polyurethane, polypropylene, polyvinylchloride or polyethylene.
  5. Loudspeaker according to any of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the cone (2) is composed of a rigid polyurethane layer.
  6. Loudspeaker according to any of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the cone (2) is integrally attached to the beading (4).
  7. Loudspeaker according to any of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that a seal (14) is provided which is attached, preferentially integrally attached, to the beading (4).
  8. Process for manufacturing a loudspeaker
    in which an open negative mold (16) is used,
    in which the cone (2) is arranged and immobilized in the negative mold (16), and
    in which a sprayable plastic is sprayed in the open negative mold (16) and a beading (4) is formed as a soft plastic layer which attaches itself to the cone (2).
  9. Process according to claim 8, characterized in that a thermoplastic plastic is used.
  10. Process according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that a reaction mixture composed of two components is used as the polymer.
  11. Process according to any of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that a plastic is used which comprises one or more of the materials polypropylene, polyurethane, polyvinylchloride or polyethylene.
  12. Process according to any of claims 8 to 11, in which the cone (2) is formed as a rigid polyurethane layer by spraying a polyurethane reaction mixture composed of two components into the open negative mold (16).
  13. Process according to claim 12, in which the cone (2) and the beading (4) are manufactured in two subsequent process steps by spraying a polyurethane reaction mixture composed of two components into the same negative mold.
  14. Process according to any of claims 8 to 13, in which, prior to the spraying of the polyurethane layer of the beading (4), a seal (14) is placed in a recess (18) provided in the negative mold (16), which seal (14) is then attached to the beading (4).
  15. Process according to any of claims 8 to 14, in which the rotationally symmetric negative mold (16) is rotated during the spraying of the polyurethane layer and the spray head performs only an essentially linear movement.
  16. Process according to any of claims 8 to 15, in which a countermold (20) is applied subsequent to the spraying of the polyurethane layer to generate a precisely defined thickness of the polyurethane layer.
  17. Process according to claim 16, in which the region of the outer edge of the beading (4) is not covered by the countermold (20).
  18. Process according to any of claims 8 to 17, in which pressurized air is fed through apertures provided in the negative mold (16) in order to ease separation from the mold.
  19. Process according to any of claims 8 to 18, in which the finished beading (4) is trimmed in the negative mold (16) by means of a knife.
EP98914834A 1997-03-12 1998-03-09 Loudspeaker and method for producing the same Expired - Lifetime EP0966862B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19711982 1997-03-12
DE19711982 1997-03-12
PCT/DE1998/000687 WO1998041055A2 (en) 1997-03-12 1998-03-09 Loudspeaker and method for producing the same

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0966862A2 EP0966862A2 (en) 1999-12-29
EP0966862B1 true EP0966862B1 (en) 2002-07-03

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP98914834A Expired - Lifetime EP0966862B1 (en) 1997-03-12 1998-03-09 Loudspeaker and method for producing the same

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (2) US6332508B1 (en)
EP (1) EP0966862B1 (en)
DE (1) DE59804667D1 (en)
WO (1) WO1998041055A2 (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2377849A (en) * 2001-07-21 2003-01-22 Kh Technology Corp Loudspeaker drive units with smooth transition to surround
US20070240308A1 (en) * 2005-05-02 2007-10-18 Hutchinson David F Method and system for vibration dampening
JP4059265B2 (en) * 2005-06-08 2008-03-12 オンキヨー株式会社 Speaker member and manufacturing method thereof
US7699139B2 (en) * 2007-05-31 2010-04-20 Bose Corporation Diaphragm surround
US8397861B1 (en) 2012-03-02 2013-03-19 Bose Corporation Diaphragm surround

Family Cites Families (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3858680A (en) * 1971-05-28 1975-01-07 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Vibration diaphragm and cfne edge of a loudspeaker
GB1563511A (en) * 1976-03-19 1980-03-26 Harwood H Diaphragms for electroacoustic transducers
DE3511954C2 (en) * 1985-04-02 1993-10-28 Polynorm Bv Method and device for producing molded parts, or the like on at least one edge with a thermoplastic edge strip, in particular a sealing lip. are connected
DE4111748A1 (en) * 1991-04-11 1992-10-15 Nokia Deutschland Gmbh LOUDSPEAKER WITH COMPONENT COMPOSING COMPONENT
DE4116819A1 (en) * 1991-05-23 1992-11-26 Nokia Deutschland Gmbh DUST PROTECTION CALLER FOR CONE SPEAKERS
EP0552040B1 (en) 1992-01-15 1996-01-03 Patrick Arthur Leach Method and apparatus for making a loudspeaker cone and surround assembly
FR2697263B1 (en) * 1993-03-19 1994-12-02 Tao Nguyen Van Sprayable adhesive based on block of hydrogenated linear styrenic copolymers.
EP0942625A3 (en) * 1993-06-28 2002-05-15 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Method for fabricating diaphragm-edge integral molding for speakers
JPH0715793A (en) * 1993-06-28 1995-01-17 Sony Corp Diaphragm for speaker and its molding method
US5650105A (en) * 1994-05-24 1997-07-22 Yocum; Fred D. Method for making a loudspeaker cone with an integral surround
JP3905652B2 (en) * 1998-10-07 2007-04-18 フォスター電機株式会社 Method for manufacturing diaphragm for electroacoustic transducer

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1998041055A2 (en) 1998-09-17
EP0966862A2 (en) 1999-12-29
US20010022250A1 (en) 2001-09-20
DE59804667D1 (en) 2002-08-08
US6332508B1 (en) 2001-12-25
US6347683B2 (en) 2002-02-19
WO1998041055A3 (en) 1998-12-03

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