EP0966611B1 - Pump with shaft seal - Google Patents
Pump with shaft seal Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0966611B1 EP0966611B1 EP98912460A EP98912460A EP0966611B1 EP 0966611 B1 EP0966611 B1 EP 0966611B1 EP 98912460 A EP98912460 A EP 98912460A EP 98912460 A EP98912460 A EP 98912460A EP 0966611 B1 EP0966611 B1 EP 0966611B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- pump
- shaft
- gas
- seal
- space
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04C27/00—Sealing arrangements in rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
- F04C27/008—Sealing arrangements in rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids for other than working fluid, i.e. the sealing arrangements are not between working chambers of the machine
- F04C27/009—Shaft sealings specially adapted for pumps
Definitions
- the invention relates a liquid ring gas pump according to the preamble of claim 1.
- a liquid ring gas pump is off US-A-4 747 752 known.
- the invention has for its object the specified To avoid disadvantages.
- the solution according to the invention consists in the features of the claim 1 and preferably that of the subclaims. After that are shaft seal and shaft bearing by a closed Separated space between one another with regard to the connection of the intermediate space with the shaft bearing geodetically low-lying point with a vacuum space the pump is connected. This ensures that Do not transfer any leakage fluid to the shaft bearing can before it is suctioned off.
- the space is advantageously with a gas supply connection provided that open to the atmosphere or on a suitable gas source is connected.
- the pump as a gas pump, this can be the pressure side his.
- the combination of suction and gas supply leads to the effect of flushing the space. by virtue of the pressure difference between the suction and the gas source the purging gas flows through the intermediate space. The concentration any leakage gas in the atmosphere of the space is reduced and the leakage is reduced to the pump is accelerated.
- the vacuum chamber of the pump should also include those with the pump related spaces that are understood for such a connection are suitable, for example the suction line.
- a vacuum room one is also possible, which leads to atmospheric or superatmospheric pressure, if the gas supply from a room is correspondingly higher Pressure is taken.
- the space can then vary depending on the Pressure drop in the gas supply and suction a super-atmospheric Accept pressure. This is harmless, especially if a seal between the gap and the shaft bearing is arranged, the shaft bearing in front of a depending on the location the case of excessive gas flow from the gap protects.
- the Pressure in the space kept at about atmospheric pressure or is slightly less so that a flow from the space to Shaft seal is essentially prevented.
- the amount of purge gas is expediently set so that the desired function is guaranteed, the pump operation but this is not significantly burdened.
- the setting of the The amount of purge gas is determined by defining the flow cross-sections and the applied pressure difference.
- Pumps used to convey mixed gases and liquids are suitable, for example liquid ring gas pumps.
- the Intermediate space expediently on the one hand with the suction side and on the other hand connected to the pressure side.
- the junction should be selected on the print side (e.g. in upper part of the liquid separator) that no operating fluid can enter the connecting line.
- This Connection type can be used for pumps for vacuum operation as well applied to pumps for pressure operation.
- the connecting line of the intermediate space is advantageously to the vacuum chamber of the pump at least partially transparent or with a sensor, so that any leaking Operating fluid and the need for repair Seal can be seen.
- the application of the invention is also particularly advantageous in Connection with such shaft seals, where design-related leakage must be expected or leakage with comparatively high probability can occur like Stuffing boxes.
- the invention is a prevents leakage outside the pump.
- the mechanical seal 4 is in the area of a shaft sleeve 6 arranged together with the hub of the impeller 2nd is secured by a shaft nut 7.
- the housing forms around the outer end of the mechanical seal or the shaft sleeve 6 and the mother 7 an annular space 8, the so-called Space forms and on which the shaft bearing 5 connects that of the annular space 8 by an arrangement of Lip seals 9 is separated.
- connection bore 10 Contains in the geodetically lowest area of the annular space 8 the housing has a connection bore 10, which is not shown in Way connected to the suction side of the liquid ring gas pump is.
- the connection can be made by an external Pipeline or one located within the housing walls Drilling.
- the connection point at which the hole 10 opens into the annular space 8 is in any case lower than that Place where any liquid from the annular space 8 to Shaft bearing 5 could overflow. That is the deepest Place the hole in the between the annular space 8 and the bearing 5 located housing collar 12 if no seals 9 are provided. In the presence of the seals 9 this is the lowest point of the circumference of the shaft 3 in the area of the annulus 8.
- the housing forming the annular space 8 contains one Gas supply port 11, which is optional with the atmosphere or the pressure side of the pump is connected. By the adjacent Pressure difference results in a constant gas flushing of the Annular space 8.
- the shaft seal 4 approximately emerging gaseous or liquid medium together with the purge gas flow returned to the compressor. An environmental impact through escaping conveying gas or operating fluid is avoided.
- the machine can still work for a short time continue to operate because the leakage current due to the Flushing the annulus is returned to the compressor. To the machine remains tight on the outside.
- the axial length is the construction is low. That is correspondingly low Construction volume and the mass of the pump.
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft
eine Flüssigkeitsringgaspumpe gemäß dem Oberbegriff
des Anspruchs 1. Eine solche Pumpe ist aus
US-A-4 747 752 bekannt.The invention relates
a liquid ring gas pump according to the preamble
of
Bei manchen Pumpen, bei denen die Welle beidseitig gelagert ist, ist zwischen der Wellendichtung und der Wellenlagerung ein zur Atmosphäre offener Raum vorgesehen (US-A-4,273,515, US-A-1,662,250). Das Wellenlager befindet sich in einem sogenannten Lagerbügel an der Außenseite dieses Raums. Die an der Innenseite dieses Raumes befindliche Wellendichtung ist zur Prüfung auf Dichtheit gut zugänglich. Etwa austretende Leckflüssigkeit wird erkennbar und kann abgeführt werden, bevor sie das Wellenlager erreicht und dieses schädigen kann. Der Nachteil dieser Lösung besteht darin, daß die Lagerabstände groß sind. Daraus ergeben sich relativ große axiale Abmessungen der Maschine und die Welle muß stark dimensioniert werden. Das gilt auch für die bekannte Pumpe (US-A-4,747,752), bei welcher ein Hauptlager in einem Lagerbügel außerhalb der Wellendichtung gelegen ist und der Austritt von Leckmedium dadurch verhindert wird, daß innenseitig von der Wellendichtung eine Absaugung vorgesehen ist, die mit der Saugseite der Pumpe verbunden ist. Die Absaugung geht von einem Raum aus, der sich zwischen der Wellendichtung und einer Drosselstelle befindet, welche von einem Sekundärlager gebildet ist.With some pumps where the shaft is supported on both sides is between the shaft seal and the shaft bearing a space open to the atmosphere is provided (US-A-4,273,515, US-A-1,662,250). The shaft bearing is located in a so-called Bearing bracket on the outside of this room. The on the Inside the shaft seal is for Leak test easily accessible. Leaking fluid, for example becomes recognizable and can be dissipated before it reaches the shaft bearing and can damage it. The The disadvantage of this solution is that the bearing distances are great. This results in relatively large axial dimensions the machine and the shaft must be dimensioned strongly. This also applies to the known pump (US-A-4,747,752), in which a main bearing in a bracket outside the Shaft seal is located and the leakage of leakage medium thereby preventing the inside of the shaft seal suction is provided which is connected to the suction side of the Pump is connected. The suction starts from a room between the shaft seal and a throttle point located, which is formed by a secondary camp.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, die angegebenen Nachteile zu vermeiden.The invention has for its object the specified To avoid disadvantages.
Die erfindungsgemäße Lösung besteht in den Merkmalen des Anspruchs
1 und vorzugsweise denjenigen der Unteransprüche. Danach
sind Wellendichtung und Wellenlager durch einen geschlossenen
Zwischenraum voneinander getrennt, der an einer
in bezug auf die Verbindung des Zwischenraums mit dem Wellenlager
geodätisch tief gelegenen Stelle mit einem Unterdruckraum
der Pumpe verbunden ist. Dadurch ist sichergestellt, daß
etwaige Leckflüssigkeit nicht zum Wellenlager übertreten
kann, bevor sie abgesaugt wird.The solution according to the invention consists in the features of the
Falls starke Leckage bei der erfindungsgemäßen Pumpe auftritt, die als Strahl oder Schwall vor ihrer Absaugung zum Wellenlager gelangt, sollte sie vom Wellenlager abgeschirmt werden. Dafür ist zweckmäßigerweise eine weitere Dichtung zwischen dem Zwischenraum und dem Wellenlager vorgesehen, beispielsweise eine Lippendichtung. Diese weitere Dichtung ist lediglich für den Notfall vorgesehen und braucht nur eine Abschirmung gegenüber strahl- oder schwallweise anfallender Flüssigkeit zu bilden. Da sie deshalb keinen hohen Dichtheitsanforderungen zu genügen braucht, kann sie unaufwendig ausgeführt sein.If there is severe leakage in the pump according to the invention, which as a jet or gush before their suction to Shaft bearing arrives, it should be shielded from the shaft bearing become. A further seal is expedient for this provided between the intermediate space and the shaft bearing, for example a lip seal. This further seal is only intended for emergencies and only needs one Shielding against radiation or gushes To form liquid. Because they do not have high tightness requirements needs to be enough, it can be inexpensive be executed.
Der Zwischenraum ist zweckmäßigerweise mit einem Gaszuführungsanschluß versehen, der zur Atmosphäre hin offen oder an eine geeignete Gasquelle angeschlossen ist. Im Falle des Betriebs der Pumpe als Gaspumpe kann dies deren Druckseite sein. Die Kombination der Absaugung und der Gaszuführung führt zu dem Effekt einer Spülung des Zwischenraums. Aufgrund der Druckdifferenz zwischen der Absaugung und der Gasquelle wird der Zwischenraum von dem Spülgas durchströmt. Die Konzentration etwaigen Leckgases in der Atmosphäre des Zwischenraums wird dadurch reduziert und die Rückführung der Leckage zur Pumpe wird beschleunigt.The space is advantageously with a gas supply connection provided that open to the atmosphere or on a suitable gas source is connected. In case of operation the pump as a gas pump, this can be the pressure side his. The combination of suction and gas supply leads to the effect of flushing the space. by virtue of the pressure difference between the suction and the gas source the purging gas flows through the intermediate space. The concentration any leakage gas in the atmosphere of the space is reduced and the leakage is reduced to the pump is accelerated.
Für den Anschluß der Absaugung des Zwischenraums ist jeder Unterdruckraum der Pumpe geeignet. Insbesondere kann dies die Saugseite der Pumpe sein. Unter dem zusammenfassenden Begriff des Unterdruckraums der Pumpe sollen auch solche mit der Pumpe in Verbindung stehenden Räume verstanden werden, die für einen solchen Anschluß geeignet sind, beispielsweise die Saugleitung. Als Unterdruckraum kommt auch ein solcher in Frage, der atmosphärischen oder überatmosphärischen Druck führt, wenn die Gaszuführung von einem Raum entsprechend höheren Drucks genommen wird. Der Zwischenraum kann dann je nach dem Druckabfall in der Gaszuführung und Absaugung einen überatmosphärischen Druck annehmen. Dies ist unbedenklich, zumal wenn zwischen dem Zwischenraum und dem Wellenlager eine Dichtung angeordnet ist, die das Wellenlager vor einer je nach Lage des Falles übermäßigen Gasdurchströmung vom Zwischenraum her schützt. Im allgemeinen ist es jedoch vorzuziehen, daß der Druck im Zwischenraum etwa auf Atmosphärendruck gehalten oder etwas geringer ist, damit eine Strömung vom Zwischenraum zur Wellendichtung im wesentlichen verhindert wird.Everyone is for connecting the suction of the space Vacuum chamber of the pump suitable. In particular, this can be the Be the suction side of the pump. Under the summary term The vacuum chamber of the pump should also include those with the pump related spaces that are understood for such a connection are suitable, for example the suction line. As a vacuum room, one is also possible, which leads to atmospheric or superatmospheric pressure, if the gas supply from a room is correspondingly higher Pressure is taken. The space can then vary depending on the Pressure drop in the gas supply and suction a super-atmospheric Accept pressure. This is harmless, especially if a seal between the gap and the shaft bearing is arranged, the shaft bearing in front of a depending on the location the case of excessive gas flow from the gap protects. In general, however, it is preferable that the Pressure in the space kept at about atmospheric pressure or is slightly less so that a flow from the space to Shaft seal is essentially prevented.
Die Spülgasmenge wird zweckmäßigerweise so eingestellt, daß die gewünschte Funktion zwar gewährleistet, der Pumpenbetrieb dadurch aber nicht nennbar belastet wird. Die Einstellung der Spülgasmenge geschieht durch die Festlegung der Strömungsquerschnitte und der anliegenden Druckdifferenz.The amount of purge gas is expediently set so that the desired function is guaranteed, the pump operation but this is not significantly burdened. The setting of the The amount of purge gas is determined by defining the flow cross-sections and the applied pressure difference.
Besonders geeignet für die Anwendung der Erfindung sind solche Pumpen, die zur Mischförderung von Gas und Flüssigkeit geeignet sind, zum Beispiel Flüssigkeitsringgaspumpen.Those are particularly suitable for the application of the invention Pumps used to convey mixed gases and liquids are suitable, for example liquid ring gas pumps.
Bei Flüssigkeitsringgaspumpen im Kompressorbetrieb wird der Zwischenraum zweckmäßigerweise einerseits mit der Saugseite und andererseits mit der Druckseite verbunden. Die Anschlußstelle an der Druckseite sollte so gewählt werden (z.B. im oberen Teil des Flüssigkeitsabscheiders), daß keine Betriebsflüssigkeit in die Verbindungsleitung eintreten kann. Diese Anschlußart kann sowohl bei Pumpen für Vakuumbetrieb als auch bei Pumpen für Druckbetrieb angewendet werden.With liquid ring gas pumps in compressor operation, the Intermediate space expediently on the one hand with the suction side and on the other hand connected to the pressure side. The junction should be selected on the print side (e.g. in upper part of the liquid separator) that no operating fluid can enter the connecting line. This Connection type can be used for pumps for vacuum operation as well applied to pumps for pressure operation.
Durch ein Rückschlagventil in der Verbindungsleitung zur Saugseite kann gewährleistet werden, daß beim Stillstand der Pumpe der Zwischenraum nicht von Betriebsflüssigkeit erreicht wird. Entsprechendes gilt auch für die Verbindungsleitung zur Druckseite. Through a check valve in the connecting line to Suction side can be ensured that when the Pump the gap is not reached by operating fluid becomes. The same applies to the connecting line to Pressure side.
Vorteilhafterweise wird die Verbindungsleitung des Zwischenraums zum Unterdruckraum der Pumpe wenigstens teilweise transparent oder mit einem Sensor ausgeführt, damit etwa austretende Betriebsflüssigkeit und Reparaturbedürftigkeit der Dichtung zu erkennen ist.The connecting line of the intermediate space is advantageously to the vacuum chamber of the pump at least partially transparent or with a sensor, so that any leaking Operating fluid and the need for repair Seal can be seen.
Besonders vorteilhaft ist die Anwendung der Erfindung auch in Verbindung mit solchen Wellendichtungen, bei denen bauartbedingt mit Leckage gerechnet werden muß oder Leckage mit vergleichsweise hoher Wahrscheinlichkeit auftreten kann, wie Stopfbuchsen. Durch die Erfindung wird in diesen Fällen eine nach außerhalb der Pumpe durchtretende Leckage verhindert.The application of the invention is also particularly advantageous in Connection with such shaft seals, where design-related leakage must be expected or leakage with comparatively high probability can occur like Stuffing boxes. In these cases, the invention is a prevents leakage outside the pump.
Die Erfindung wird im folgenden näher unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnung erläutert, die ein vorteilhaftes Ausführungsbeispiel in einem Teil-Längsschnitt veranschaulicht.The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the drawing explains an advantageous embodiment illustrated in a partial longitudinal section.
Es handelt sich um eine Flüssigkeitsringgaspumpe mit einem
Gehäuse 1, einem Flügelrad 2, einer Welle 3, einer Gleitringdichtung
4 und einem Wellenlager 5. Die Zeichnung zeigt lediglich
die Abdichtung und Lagerung des antriebsseitigen Wellenendes.
Die Anordnung am anderen Wellenende kann entsprechend
ausgeführt sein.It is a liquid ring gas pump with a
Die Gleitringdichtung 4 ist im Bereich einer Wellenschonhülse
6 angeordnet, die zusammen mit der Nabe des Flügelrads 2
durch eine Wellenmutter 7 gesichert ist. Das Gehäuse bildet
um das äußere Ende der Gleitringdichtung bzw. der Wellenschonhülse
6 und der Mutter 7 einen Ringraum 8, der den sogenannten
Zwischenraum bildet und an den sich das Wellenlager 5
anschließt, das von dem Ringraum 8 durch eine Anordnung von
Lippendichtungen 9 getrennt ist.The
Im geodätisch tiefstgelegenen Bereich des Ringraums 8 enthält
das Gehäuse eine Anschlußbohrung 10, die in nicht dargestellter
Weise mit der Saugseite der Flüssigkeitsringgaspumpe verbunden
ist. Die Verbindung kann durch eine außenliegende
Rohrleitung oder eine innerhalb der Gehäusewandungen gelegene
Bohrung erfolgen. Die Anschlußstelle, an der die Bohrung 10
in den Ringraum 8 mündet, liegt jedenfalls tiefer als die
Stelle, an der etwaige Flüssigkeit aus dem Ringraum 8 zum
Wellenlager 5 hin überlaufen könnte. Das ist die tiefste
Stelle der Bohrung in dem zwischen dem Ringraum 8 und dem Lager
5 befindlichen Gehäusebund 12, wenn keine Dichtungen 9
vorgesehen sind. Im Falle der Anwesenheit der Dichtungen 9
ist dies die tiefste Stelle des Umfangs der Welle 3 im Bereich
des Ringraums 8.Contains in the geodetically lowest area of the
Außerdem enthält das den Ringraum 8 bildende Gehäuse einen
Gaszuführungsanschluß 11, der wahlweise mit der Atmosphäre
oder der Druckseite der Pumpe verbunden ist. Durch die anliegende
Druckdifferenz ergibt sich eine ständige Gasspülung des
Ringraums 8. Durch die Wellendichtung 4 etwa austretendes
gasförmiges oder flüssiges Medium wird zusammen mit dem Spülgasstrom
in den Verdichter zurückgeführt. Eine Umweltbelastung
durch austretendes Fördergas oder Betriebsflüssigkeit
wird vermieden.In addition, the housing forming the
Bei defekter Wellendichtung kann die Maschine noch kurzzeitig weiter betrieben werden, da der Leckagestrom aufgrund der Spülung des Ringraums zum Verdichter zurückgeführt wird. Nach außen hin bleibt die Maschine dabei dicht.If the shaft seal is defective, the machine can still work for a short time continue to operate because the leakage current due to the Flushing the annulus is returned to the compressor. To the machine remains tight on the outside.
Wie aus der Zeichnung zu erkennen ist, ist die axiale Baulänge der Konstruktion gering. Entsprechend gering sind auch das Bauvolumen und die Masse der Pumpe.As can be seen from the drawing, the axial length is the construction is low. That is correspondingly low Construction volume and the mass of the pump.
Claims (6)
- A liquid ring gas pump with a shaft (3), a shaft seal (4) a shaft bearing (5) acting on the shaft (3) outside the shaft seal (4) and a space (8) between the shaft seal (4) and the shaft bearing (5), characterised in that the shaft bearing (5) is shielded from the closed space (8) by a further seal (9) satisfying lower fluidtightness requirements than the shaft seal (4) and, on the one hand, the space (8) is situated at a location which, when operating as designed, is deeper than its connection to the shaft bearing (5) sealed from the further seal (9), is connected to an underpressure chamber of the pump and, on the other hand, is provided with a gas-supply connection (11).
- A pump according to Claim 1, characterised in that the gas-supply connection (11) is connected to the discharge side of the pump taking the form of a gas pump.
- A pump according to Claim 1, characterised in that the gas-supply connection (11) is open to the atmosphere.
- A pump according to any one of Claims 1 to 3, characterised in that a non-return valve is disposed in the connecting duct between the space (8) and the underpressure chamber of the pump and/or the discharge side of the pump.
- A pump according to any one of Claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the connecting duct to the underpressure chamber of the pump is at least partly transparent.
- An installed liquid ring gas pump having the features of any one of Claims 1 to 5.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE29704403U | 1997-03-11 | ||
DE29704403U DE29704403U1 (en) | 1997-03-11 | 1997-03-11 | Pump with shaft seal |
PCT/EP1998/001365 WO1998040628A1 (en) | 1997-03-11 | 1998-03-10 | Pump with shaft seal |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0966611A1 EP0966611A1 (en) | 1999-12-29 |
EP0966611B1 true EP0966611B1 (en) | 2004-06-16 |
Family
ID=8037287
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP98912460A Expired - Lifetime EP0966611B1 (en) | 1997-03-11 | 1998-03-10 | Pump with shaft seal |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0966611B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE269493T1 (en) |
DE (2) | DE29704403U1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2221161T3 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1998040628A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102005033707A1 (en) * | 2005-07-19 | 2007-02-01 | Valeo Compressor Europe Gmbh | Compressor for the air conditioning unit of a vehicle comprises an axial sliding ring seal radially impinged with pressure prevailing in the compressor at the height of a gap arranged between a sliding ring and a counter ring |
CN102678610B (en) * | 2012-05-29 | 2015-04-08 | 上海深井泵厂有限公司 | Auxiliary sealing device for pump, long-shaft pump and leakless overhaul method |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1570512A (en) * | 1976-09-04 | 1980-07-02 | Howden Compressors Ltd | Meshing-screw gas-compressing apparatus |
US4747752A (en) * | 1987-04-20 | 1988-05-31 | Somarakis, Inc. | Sealing and dynamic operation of a liquid ring pump |
US4781553A (en) * | 1987-07-24 | 1988-11-01 | Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho | Screw vacuum pump with lubricated bearings and a plurality of shaft sealing means |
DE4229017C2 (en) * | 1992-09-03 | 1995-05-24 | Sihi Gmbh & Co Kg | Liquid ring compressor in engine block or engine carrier design |
SE502099C2 (en) * | 1992-12-21 | 1995-08-14 | Svenska Rotor Maskiner Ab | screw compressor with shaft seal |
DE4310740A1 (en) * | 1993-04-01 | 1994-10-06 | Knorr Bremse Ag | Screw compressor, especially for intermittent operation |
-
1997
- 1997-03-11 DE DE29704403U patent/DE29704403U1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1998
- 1998-03-10 WO PCT/EP1998/001365 patent/WO1998040628A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1998-03-10 DE DE59811580T patent/DE59811580D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-03-10 ES ES98912460T patent/ES2221161T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-03-10 EP EP98912460A patent/EP0966611B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-03-10 AT AT98912460T patent/ATE269493T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE59811580D1 (en) | 2004-07-22 |
DE29704403U1 (en) | 1998-08-13 |
ATE269493T1 (en) | 2004-07-15 |
WO1998040628A1 (en) | 1998-09-17 |
ES2221161T3 (en) | 2004-12-16 |
EP0966611A1 (en) | 1999-12-29 |
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