EP0962603A1 - Modular,monocoque building structure - Google Patents

Modular,monocoque building structure Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0962603A1
EP0962603A1 EP99440125A EP99440125A EP0962603A1 EP 0962603 A1 EP0962603 A1 EP 0962603A1 EP 99440125 A EP99440125 A EP 99440125A EP 99440125 A EP99440125 A EP 99440125A EP 0962603 A1 EP0962603 A1 EP 0962603A1
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European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
building structure
structure according
stud
monocoque
metal
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EP99440125A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Thierry Baur
Brigitte Baur
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Individual
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Individual
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/348—Structures composed of units comprising at least considerable parts of two sides of a room, e.g. box-like or cell-like units closed or in skeleton form
    • E04B1/34815—Elements not integrated in a skeleton
    • E04B1/34823—Elements not integrated in a skeleton the supporting structure consisting of concrete
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
    • E04H9/02—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate withstanding earthquake or sinking of ground
    • E04H9/021—Bearing, supporting or connecting constructions specially adapted for such buildings
    • E04H9/022—Bearing, supporting or connecting constructions specially adapted for such buildings and comprising laminated structures of alternating elastomeric and rigid layers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a modular monocoque building structure.
  • It relates more particularly to a building structure consisting at least two monocoque concrete elements, which can be assembled in different ways to form a habitable structure on one or several levels.
  • the document FR 84 0300 describes a modular structure. formed from simple monocoque elements. each with minus a pass-through opening in one of the vertical walls.
  • the assembly is carried out by placing two elements side by side, such so that two openings match, and by making a joint in the passage area between the two openings.
  • the modularity is not total, since it will always take into account predefined openings in the elements, which therefore cannot be completely free and arbitrary.
  • the present invention proposes to remedy these drawbacks by realizing a modular monohull building.
  • the object of the invention is to propose a building composed of monocoque elements, which can be assembled at the choice of the user, in the horizontal plane or in the vertical plane, without as much to obstruct the qualities of resistance and finish of the whole.
  • the building according to the invention is characterized in that it is consisting of at least two monocoque concrete elements, which can be arranged one beside the other or one on top of the other at the choice of the user, each monocoque element comprising means for absorption of vibrations.
  • These means include a sleeve composed of a circular stud produced made of elastomer and interposed between two shells, in reservations made in concrete, the assembly allowing to accumulate and disperse all vertical and horizontal oscillations.
  • the building structure according to the present invention is composed of at least at least two superimposed monocoque elements (1).
  • the number of elements used to form the structure is not limited, from same as the number of overlay level.
  • an element making up the structure can equally be arranged exactly on the lower level element or straddling two elements placed side by side.
  • Figure 1 shows an example of a three-level structure, in which the basic monocoque element is placed on the foundations of the structure, the second level monocoque element being arranged exactly above the first and the third monocoque element level being arranged astride the previous one.
  • Each monocoque element has at its base means (2) for absorption of vibrations, forming a buffer with the foundations of the basic element, or with the monocoque element (s) of the level lower, with regard to the other elements.
  • the absorption means (2) comprise a sleeve (3) made of elastomeric and cylindrical in shape.
  • the sleeve (3) is arranged between two monocoque concrete boxes (1 ') and (1 ") of a building. inside dwellings (4) arranged in correspondence, respectively on the underside of the box monocoque (1 ") and on the upper face of the monocoque box (1 ').
  • a sleeve (3 ') separate from the previous one is placed between the box first level monohull and foundation, or between a concrete slab armed and the foundation.
  • FIGS 2 and 3 illustrate a first possible embodiment of the vibration absorption means (2), for use in the structure of building according to the invention.
  • the sleeve (3) is composed of a stud (5) made of elastomer, the central part is conical in shape and has several recesses cylindrical (6) peripheral, with axes parallel to the axis (8) of the sleeve.
  • the recesses (6) will be eight in number, and will be arranged symmetrically around the axis (8).
  • the stud (5) has in its center a passing orifice (9) for the passage a bolt (10) for fixing the monocoque boxes which correspond, with an operating clearance between the stud and the bolt.
  • the bolt (10) can either be replaced by a threaded rod.
  • the bolt (10) acts as a torsion bar in the event of oscillation or vibrations affecting the structure, and thus opposes the loosening of sleeves between the superimposed monohull housings.
  • an opening (9 ') will be provided in the concrete surrounding the central hole (9) of the sleeve, of larger diameter, for prevent the concrete constituting the monohull caissons from breaking, in the event of of torsion of the bolt (10).
  • the studs can have substantially the same height.
  • the recesses (6) can be of shape cylindrical. It is also possible to provide individual studs prefabricated, which will be arranged so as to arrange the recess of desired shape.
  • the building structure thus constituted allows the accumulation and dispersion of horizontal oscillations, whatever their directions while controlling and minimizing their transmission to the caissons higher or lower level monohulls.
  • Figures 4 to 6 show another possible embodiment of vibration absorbing means, for use in the structure of building according to the invention.
  • the sleeve (3 ') is placed between an element concrete monohull (1) and the foundation (30), in a housing (4 ') provided for this effect on the underside of said monocoque element.
  • Sleeves identical are arranged at the four corners of the building.
  • An elastomer block (5 '), of variable density, is placed in a box circular metal (12).
  • the stud (5 ′) comprises a low crown (13) also made of elastomer, having recesses (14), which may be cylindrical or conical.
  • the elastomer pad (5 ') has a smaller diameter than that of the metal box (12), to allow the polymeric material to settle after the installation of the concrete monohull (1).
  • the box (12) is welded to a plate metallic (15), itself arranged on a hard rubber plate (16).
  • the assembly is fixed to the foundation (30) by means of four anchor pins (17).
  • the sleeves make it possible to accumulate and disperse both vertical and horizontal oscillations.
  • the assembly can be compressed in order to accumulate and disperse the deformations due to horizontal oscillations.
  • the upper part of the elastomer block (5 ') is housed in a box metallic (19) circular, itself welded to another metallic casing (20) of higher dimension.
  • the assembly formed by the boxes (19) and (20) is fixed to the concrete slab armed with the upper level concrete monohull.
  • the connection between the box metallic (20) and the concrete will be made using welded concrete irons on the top of said box, and connected to the frame of the monohulls, the whole being placed at the bottom of the formwork before pouring the concrete.
  • the length of the concrete reinforcing bars depends on the dimensions of the monohulls concrete, and the span between the studs.
  • the slip between the stud (5 ') and the assembly formed by the boxes metallic (19) and (20) is progressive. Indeed, the structure can collect several vertical and horizontal shocks and oscillations without breaking the lower and upper welds of the metal boxes (15), (19) and (20).
  • the present invention is not limited to the examples of embodiments described above, but extends to any obvious modification and variation for a skilled in the art.
  • the number of monocoque elements and their superposition methods, as well as the shape of the studs and recesses, may vary without departing from the scope of the invention.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)

Abstract

The building structure is formed by concrete monocoque modules (1), which can be assembled together in a variety of configurations. The base of each module has a unit (2) to absorb and disperse vibrations. The building structure is formed by concrete monocoque modules (1), which can be assembled together in a variety of configurations. The base of each module has a unit (2) to absorb and disperse vibrations. The vibration absorber/disperser (2) has a coupling (3) between two monocoque modules, over each other, within the mounting (4) at the lower surface of the upper module and the upper surface of the lower module. The coupling (3) is an elastomer stud, with a conical center and a number of peripheral and cylindrical hollows, with their axes parallel to the coupling axis. The coupling has pref. eight hollows, symmetrically round the axis. The stud has a central opening, as a passage for a bolt or shaft to lock adjacent modules together, with functional play between the stud and the locking bolt/shaft. The central opening is surrounded by a larger diameter opening, to prevent concrete rupture on a twist of the bolt. The vibration absorber/disperser (2) can be an elastomer stud, of variable density, within a circular and metal chamber. It has a rim base, with hollows, with a smaller diameter than the metal chamber. The metal chamber is welded to a metal plate, which rests on a hard rubber plate. The assembly is secured to the foundation (30) by an anchor, or the metal chamber floats. The upper section of the elastomer stud can be held in a circular metal chamber, welded to a larger metal chamber. The assembly of two metal chambers is locked to the reinforced concrete upper surface of the module through the metal reinforcements welded over the metal chamber.

Description

L'invention concerne une structure de bâtiment monocoque modulaire.The invention relates to a modular monocoque building structure.

Elle concerne plus particulièrement une structure de bâtiment constituée d'au moins deux éléments monocoques en béton, pouvant être assemblés de différentes manières pour former une structure habitable sur un ou plusieurs niveaux.It relates more particularly to a building structure consisting at least two monocoque concrete elements, which can be assembled in different ways to form a habitable structure on one or several levels.

L'utilisation d'éléments monocoques pour la réalisation de surfaces habitables ou utiles est bien connue.The use of monocoque elements for the realization of surfaces habitable or useful is well known.

On connaít ainsi des structures telles que des abris de jardin ou des garages pour véhicules automobiles, formées à partir de deux ou plusieurs coques préfabriquées, qui sont posées finies sur site pour former le bâtiment.We thus know structures such as garden sheds or garages for motor vehicles, formed from two or more prefabricated shells, which are installed finished on site to form the building.

Ces structures sont satisfaisantes, dans la mesure où elles présentent de bonnes qualités de solidité et de fiabilité.These structures are satisfactory, insofar as they exhibit good qualities of solidity and reliability.

Cependant, elles ne sont pas modulables, dans la mesure où à chaque type de coque correspond une structure finale déterminée.However, they are not modular, since each time hull type corresponds to a specific final structure.

En d'autres termes, il n'est pas possible d'associer plusieurs éléments du même type de différentes manières pour former autant de structures distinctes.In other words, it is not possible to combine several elements of the same type in different ways to form as many structures separate.

On connaít des structures ne présentant pas cet inconvénient, mais elles restent d'un intérêt très limité car elles ne sont au mieux modulables que dans le plan horizontal, et à partir d'éléments de base très simplifiés.We know structures that do not have this drawback, but they remain of very limited interest because they are at best modular only in the horizontal plane, and from very simplified basic elements.

Par exemple, le document FR 84 0300 décrit une structure modulaire. formée à partir d'éléments monocoques simples. comportant chacun au moins une ouverture passante ménagée dans l'une des parois verticales. For example, the document FR 84 0300 describes a modular structure. formed from simple monocoque elements. each with minus a pass-through opening in one of the vertical walls.

L'assemblage est effectué en disposant deux éléments côte à côte, de telle manière que deux ouvertures se correspondent, et en réalisant un jointage dans la zone de passage entre les deux ouvertures.The assembly is carried out by placing two elements side by side, such so that two openings match, and by making a joint in the passage area between the two openings.

La modularité n'est pas totale, puisqu'il faudra toujours tenir compte des ouvertures prédéfinies dans les éléments, lesquels ne pourront donc pas être disposés de manière totalement libre et arbitraire.The modularity is not total, since it will always take into account predefined openings in the elements, which therefore cannot be completely free and arbitrary.

De plus, cette modalité n'est pas applicable à des structures comportant plusieurs niveaux.In addition, this modality is not applicable to structures comprising several levels.

L'utilisation d'éléments monocoques superposés, et non plus seulement disposés côte-à-côte, comporte des contraintes bien particulières.The use of superimposed monocoque elements, and no longer only arranged side by side, has very specific constraints.

Il ne suffit plus en effet d'assurer l'étanchéité entre les différentes coques, par exemple par un jointage approprié, pour assurer la stabilité et la tenue dans le temps de la structure.It is no longer sufficient to ensure the seal between the different shells, for example by an appropriate jointing, to ensure stability and holding in time of the structure.

Il faut également prévenir les risques de déformation ou d'écrasement, résultant des contraintes exercées par les éléments de niveau supérieur sur les éléments de niveau inférieur, et également absorber et disperser les vibrations susceptibles d'affecter la structure, quelles qu'en soient la direction et l'intensité, notamment et surtout dans les zones de jonction entre deux éléments superposés.It is also necessary to prevent the risks of deformation or crushing, resulting from the stresses exerted by the elements of higher level on lower level items, and also absorb and disperse vibrations likely to affect the structure, whatever the direction and intensity, especially and especially in the junction areas between two superimposed elements.

La présente invention se propose de remédier à ces inconvénients en réalisant un bâtiment monocoque modulaire.The present invention proposes to remedy these drawbacks by realizing a modular monohull building.

Plus particulièrement, l'invention a pour objet de proposer un bâtiment composé d'éléments monocoques, pouvant être assemblés au choix de l'utilisateur, dans le plan horizontal ou dans le plan vertical, sans pour autant obérer les qualités de résistance et de fini de l'ensemble.More particularly, the object of the invention is to propose a building composed of monocoque elements, which can be assembled at the choice of the user, in the horizontal plane or in the vertical plane, without as much to obstruct the qualities of resistance and finish of the whole.

Dans ce but, le bâtiment selon l'invention est caractérisé en ce qu'il est constitué d'au moins deux éléments monocoques en béton, pouvant être disposés l'un à coté de l'autre ou l'un par dessus l'autre au choix de l'utilisateur, chaque élément monocoque comportant des moyens pour l'absorption des vibrations.For this purpose, the building according to the invention is characterized in that it is consisting of at least two monocoque concrete elements, which can be arranged one beside the other or one on top of the other at the choice of the user, each monocoque element comprising means for absorption of vibrations.

Ces moyens comprennent un manchon composé d'un plot circulaire réalisé en élastomère et interposé entre deux coques, dans des réservations réalisées dans le béton, l'ensemble permettant d'accumuler et de disperser toutes les oscillations verticales et horizontales.These means include a sleeve composed of a circular stud produced made of elastomer and interposed between two shells, in reservations made in concrete, the assembly allowing to accumulate and disperse all vertical and horizontal oscillations.

L'invention sera mieux comprise au travers de la description donnée ci-après de deux modes de réalisation non limitatifs, et en référence aux figures annexées dans lesquelles :

  • la figure 1 montre une structure selon l'invention, avec plusieurs éléments monocoques superposés,
  • la figure 2 est une vue en coupe verticale d'un manchon interposé entre deux éléments monocoques,
  • la figure 3 est une vue en coupe horizontale selon la ligne II - II de la figure 2,
  • la figure 4 est une vue en coupe verticale d'une variante de réalisation du manchon,
  • la figure 5 est une vue en coupe horizontale selon la ligne IV - IV de la figure 4,
  • la figure 6 est une vue en coupe horizontale selon la ligne V - V de la figure 4 et
  • la figure 7 montre une possibilité d'assemblage de plusieurs éléments monocoques pour former une structure de bâtiment selon la présente invention.
The invention will be better understood through the description given below of two nonlimiting embodiments, and with reference to the appended figures in which:
  • FIG. 1 shows a structure according to the invention, with several superimposed monocoque elements,
  • FIG. 2 is a view in vertical section of a sleeve interposed between two monocoque elements,
  • FIG. 3 is a view in horizontal section along the line II - II of FIG. 2,
  • FIG. 4 is a view in vertical section of an alternative embodiment of the sleeve,
  • FIG. 5 is a view in horizontal section along the line IV - IV of FIG. 4,
  • FIG. 6 is a view in horizontal section along the line V - V of FIG. 4 and
  • Figure 7 shows a possibility of assembling several monocoque elements to form a building structure according to the present invention.

En référence aux dessins annexés, et plus particulièrement aux figures 1 et 2, la structure de bâtiment selon la présente invention est composée d'au moins deux éléments monocoques (1) superposés.With reference to the accompanying drawings, and more particularly to Figures 1 and 2, the building structure according to the present invention is composed of at least at least two superimposed monocoque elements (1).

Le nombre d'éléments utilisés pour former la structure n'est pas limité, de même que le nombre de niveau de superposition.The number of elements used to form the structure is not limited, from same as the number of overlay level.

De même. un élément composant la structure pourra indifféremment être disposé exactement sur l'élément de niveau inférieur ou à cheval sur deux éléments placés côte à côte.Likewise. an element making up the structure can equally be arranged exactly on the lower level element or straddling two elements placed side by side.

La figure 1 représente un exemple de structure à trois niveaux, dans lequel l'élément monocoque de base est disposé sur les fondations de la structure, l'élément monocoque de second niveau étant disposé exactement au-dessus du premier et l'élément monocoque de troisième niveau étant disposé à cheval sur le précédent.Figure 1 shows an example of a three-level structure, in which the basic monocoque element is placed on the foundations of the structure, the second level monocoque element being arranged exactly above the first and the third monocoque element level being arranged astride the previous one.

Chaque élément monocoque comporte à sa base des moyens (2) pour l'absorption des vibrations, formant tampon avec les fondations s'agissant de l'élément de base, ou avec le ou les éléments monocoques du niveau inférieur, s'agissant des autres éléments.Each monocoque element has at its base means (2) for absorption of vibrations, forming a buffer with the foundations of the basic element, or with the monocoque element (s) of the level lower, with regard to the other elements.

Les moyens d'absorption (2) comprennent un manchon (3) réalisé en élastomère et de forme cylindrique.The absorption means (2) comprise a sleeve (3) made of elastomeric and cylindrical in shape.

Dans ce qui suit, il doit être compris que l'expression « moyens d'absorption » vise à la fois les fonctions d'absorption et de dispersion des vibrations et des oscillations pouvant affecter la structure.In what follows, it should be understood that the expression "means of absorption "targets both the absorption and dispersion functions of vibrations and oscillations that can affect the structure.

Le manchon (3) est disposé entre deux caissons monocoques en béton (1') et (1") d'un bâtiment. à l'intérieur de logements (4) ménagés en correspondance, respectivement sur la face inférieure du caisson monocoque (1") et sur la face supérieure du caisson monocoque (1').The sleeve (3) is arranged between two monocoque concrete boxes (1 ') and (1 ") of a building. inside dwellings (4) arranged in correspondence, respectively on the underside of the box monocoque (1 ") and on the upper face of the monocoque box (1 ').

Un manchon (3') distinct du précédent est mis en place entre le caisson monocoque de premier niveau et la fondation, ou entre une dalle béton armé et la fondation.A sleeve (3 ') separate from the previous one is placed between the box first level monohull and foundation, or between a concrete slab armed and the foundation.

Les figures 2 et 3 illustrent une première forme possible de réalisation des moyens d'absorption (2) des vibrations, pour utilisation dans la structure de bâtiment selon l'invention.Figures 2 and 3 illustrate a first possible embodiment of the vibration absorption means (2), for use in the structure of building according to the invention.

Le manchon (3) est composé d'un plot (5) réalisé en élastomère, dont la partie centrale est de forme conique et présente plusieurs évidements cylindriques (6) périphériques, d'axes parallèles à l'axe (8) du manchon.The sleeve (3) is composed of a stud (5) made of elastomer, the central part is conical in shape and has several recesses cylindrical (6) peripheral, with axes parallel to the axis (8) of the sleeve.

De préférence, les évidements (6) seront au nombre de huit, et seront disposés symétriquement autour de l'axe (8).Preferably, the recesses (6) will be eight in number, and will be arranged symmetrically around the axis (8).

Le plot (5) présente en son centre un orifice passant (9) pour le passage d'un boulon (10) permettant de fixer les caissons monocoques qui lui correspondent, avec un jeu de fonctionnement entre le plot et le boulon.The stud (5) has in its center a passing orifice (9) for the passage a bolt (10) for fixing the monocoque boxes which correspond, with an operating clearance between the stud and the bolt.

Le boulon (10) peut indifféremment être remplacé par une tige filetée.The bolt (10) can either be replaced by a threaded rod.

Le boulon (10) fait office de barre de torsion en cas d'oscillation ou de vibrations affectant la structure, et s'oppose ainsi au déchaussement des manchons entre les caissons monocoques superposés.The bolt (10) acts as a torsion bar in the event of oscillation or vibrations affecting the structure, and thus opposes the loosening of sleeves between the superimposed monohull housings.

De manière avantageuse. on prévoira dans le béton un orifice (9') entourant l'orifice central (9) du manchon, de diamètre supérieur, pour prévenir la rupture du béton constituant les caissons monocoques, en cas de torsion du boulon (10).Advantageously. an opening (9 ') will be provided in the concrete surrounding the central hole (9) of the sleeve, of larger diameter, for prevent the concrete constituting the monohull caissons from breaking, in the event of of torsion of the bolt (10).

Grâce aux évidements cylindriques (6), on crée un couple de rappel qui tend à ramener les plots (5) en position, en cas d'oscillations horizontales.Thanks to the cylindrical recesses (6), a return torque is created which tends to bring the studs (5) back into position, in the event of horizontal oscillations.

Il est bien évident que l'on peut prévoir d'autres formes pour les plots ou pour les évidements, l'essentiel étant que les plots aient sensiblement la même hauteur. Par exemple, les évidements (6) peuvent être de forme cylindrique. Il est possible également de prévoir des plots individuels préfabriqués, qui seront disposés de manière à aménager l'évidement de forme souhaitée.It is obvious that other shapes can be provided for the studs or for the recesses, the main thing being that the studs have substantially the same height. For example, the recesses (6) can be of shape cylindrical. It is also possible to provide individual studs prefabricated, which will be arranged so as to arrange the recess of desired shape.

La structure de bâtiment ainsi constituée permet l'accumulation et la dispersion des oscillations horizontales, quelles que soient leurs directions tout en contrôlant et limitant au maximum leur transmission aux caissons monocoques de niveau supérieur ou inférieur.The building structure thus constituted allows the accumulation and dispersion of horizontal oscillations, whatever their directions while controlling and minimizing their transmission to the caissons higher or lower level monohulls.

Les figures 4 à 6 représentent une autre forme de réalisation possible des moyens d'absorption des vibrations, pour utilisation dans la structure de bâtiment selon l'invention.Figures 4 to 6 show another possible embodiment of vibration absorbing means, for use in the structure of building according to the invention.

Selon cette variante, le manchon (3') est mis en place entre un élément monocoque en béton (1) et la fondation (30), dans un logement (4') prévu à cet effet sur la face inférieure dudit élément monocoque. Des manchons identiques sont disposés aux quatre coins du bâtiment.According to this variant, the sleeve (3 ') is placed between an element concrete monohull (1) and the foundation (30), in a housing (4 ') provided for this effect on the underside of said monocoque element. Sleeves identical are arranged at the four corners of the building.

Un plot en élastomère (5'), de densité variable, est posé dans un caisson métallique circulaire (12).An elastomer block (5 '), of variable density, is placed in a box circular metal (12).

Le plot (5') comprend une couronne basse (13) également en élastomère, présentant des évidements (14), qui peuvent être cylindriques ou coniques. Le plot élastomère (5') a un diamètre inférieur à celui du caisson métallique (12), pour permettre le tassement de la matière polymère après la pose du monocoque en béton (1). Le caisson (12) est soudé sur une platine métallique (15), elle-même disposée sur une platine en caoutchouc dur (16). L'ensemble est fixé sur la fondation (30) par l'intermédiaire de quatre chevilles d'ancrage (17).The stud (5 ′) comprises a low crown (13) also made of elastomer, having recesses (14), which may be cylindrical or conical. The elastomer pad (5 ') has a smaller diameter than that of the metal box (12), to allow the polymeric material to settle after the installation of the concrete monohull (1). The box (12) is welded to a plate metallic (15), itself arranged on a hard rubber plate (16). The assembly is fixed to the foundation (30) by means of four anchor pins (17).

D'autres moyens de fixation pourront bien évidemment être utilisés selon les supports, de manière à solidariser les éléments monocoques en béton et la fondation. Il est également possible de prévoir des caissons métalliques flottants. Other fixing means could obviously be used according to the supports, so as to secure the monocoque concrete elements and the foundation. It is also possible to provide boxes floating metal.

Pour permettre le glissement libre du plot (5') sur sa base, afin d'accumuler et de disperser les oscillations horizontales, on interpose une platine 18 en TEFLON (marque déposée) par collage entre le plot et le caisson métallique (12).To allow free sliding of the stud (5 ') on its base, so to accumulate and disperse the horizontal oscillations, we interpose a plate 18 in TEFLON (registered trademark) by bonding between the stud and the metal box (12).

Les manchons permettent d'accumuler et de disperser à la fois les oscillations verticales et horizontales.The sleeves make it possible to accumulate and disperse both vertical and horizontal oscillations.

En effet, grâce aux évidements (14) sur la couronne (13) et à la platine (18), l'ensemble pourra se comprimer afin d'accumuler et de disperser les déformations dues aux oscillations horizontales.Indeed, thanks to the recesses (14) on the crown (13) and the plate (18), the assembly can be compressed in order to accumulate and disperse the deformations due to horizontal oscillations.

La partie supérieure du plot (5') en élastomère est logée dans un caisson métallique (19) circulaire, lui-même soudé à un autre caisson métallique (20) de dimension supérieure.The upper part of the elastomer block (5 ') is housed in a box metallic (19) circular, itself welded to another metallic casing (20) of higher dimension.

L'ensemble formé par les caissons (19) et (20) est fixé à la dalle en béton armé du monocoque béton de niveau supérieur. La liaison entre le caisson métallique (20) et le béton sera réalisé au moyen de fers à béton soudés sur le dessus dudit caisson, et reliés à l'armature des monocoques, l'ensemble étant posé en fond de coffrage avant coulage du béton.The assembly formed by the boxes (19) and (20) is fixed to the concrete slab armed with the upper level concrete monohull. The connection between the box metallic (20) and the concrete will be made using welded concrete irons on the top of said box, and connected to the frame of the monohulls, the whole being placed at the bottom of the formwork before pouring the concrete.

La longueur des fers à béton est fonction des dimensions des monocoques béton, et de la portée entre les plots.The length of the concrete reinforcing bars depends on the dimensions of the monohulls concrete, and the span between the studs.

Le glissement entre le plot (5') et l'ensemble formé par les caissons métalliques (19) et (20) est progressif. En effet, la structure peut encaisser plusieurs chocs et oscillations verticales et horizontales sans rupture des soudures inférieures et supérieures des caissons métalliques (15), (19) et (20).The slip between the stud (5 ') and the assembly formed by the boxes metallic (19) and (20) is progressive. Indeed, the structure can collect several vertical and horizontal shocks and oscillations without breaking the lower and upper welds of the metal boxes (15), (19) and (20).

La description ci-dessus montre clairement que les buts de la présente invention sont atteints puisque l'on réalise une structure de bâtiment composée d'au moins deux niveaux d'éléments monocoques superposés. comportant des moyens pour accumuler et disperser à la fois les oscillations verticales et les oscillations horizontales, quelle que soit leur direction et leur intensité.The above description clearly shows that the purposes of this invention are achieved since a building structure is produced composed of at least two levels of superimposed monocoque elements. comprising means for accumulating and dispersing both vertical oscillations and horizontal oscillations, whatever their direction and intensity.

La présente invention n'est pas limitée aux exemples de réalisations décrits ci-dessus, mais s'étend à toute modification et variante évidente pour un homme du métier. Notamment, le nombre d'éléments monocoques et leurs modalités de superposition, de même que la forme des plots et des évidements, peuvent varier sans que l'on sorte du cadre de l'invention.The present invention is not limited to the examples of embodiments described above, but extends to any obvious modification and variation for a skilled in the art. In particular, the number of monocoque elements and their superposition methods, as well as the shape of the studs and recesses, may vary without departing from the scope of the invention.

Enfin. on remarquera que bien que conçus avant tout pour permettre la réalisation de bâtiments comportant plusieurs niveaux, les moyens décrits pourront parfaitement être implantés sur des structures à niveau unique.Finally. it will be noted that although primarily designed to allow the realization of buildings comprising several levels, the means described can be perfectly installed on single-level structures.

De même, les moyens d'absorption et de dispersion des vibrations tels que décrits ci-dessus pourraient être appliqués sans difficultés à des constructions traditionnelles;Likewise, the means of absorbing and dispersing vibrations such as described above could be applied without difficulty to traditional constructions;

Claims (14)

Structure de bâtiment monocoque modulaire constituée d'au moins deux éléments monocoques en béton, caractérisée en ce que les éléments monocoques (1) sont disposés l'un au-dessus de l'autre, chaque élément monocoque comportant à sa base des moyens (2) pour l'absorption et la dispersion des vibrations.Modular monocoque building structure consisting of at least two monocoque concrete elements, characterized in that the elements monohulls (1) are arranged one above the other, each element monohull comprising at its base means (2) for the absorption and dispersion of vibrations. Structure de bâtiment suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que les moyens (2) d'absorption et de dispersion des vibrations sont constitués d'un manchon (3) disposé entre deux caissons monocoques superposés (1') et (1"), à l'intérieur de logements (4) ménagés en correspondance, respectivement sur la face inférieure du caisson monocoque de niveau supérieur (1") et sur la face supérieure du caisson monocoque (1') de niveau inférieur.Building structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the means (2) for absorbing and dispersing vibrations are constituted a sleeve (3) disposed between two superimposed monohull housings (1 ') and (1 "), inside housings (4) provided in correspondence, respectively on the underside of the level monocoque box upper (1 ") and on the upper face of the monocoque box (1 ') of lower level. Structure de bâtiment suivant la revendication 2, caractérisée en ce que le manchon (3) est composé d'un plot (5) réalisé en élastomère, dont la partie centrale est de forme conique et présente plusieurs évidements cylindriques (6) périphériques, d'axes parallèles à l'axe (8) du manchon.Building structure according to claim 2, characterized in that the sleeve (3) is composed of a stud (5) made of elastomer, the central part is conical in shape and has several recesses cylindrical (6) peripheral, with axes parallel to the axis (8) of the sleeve. Structure de bâtiment suivant la revendication 3, caractérisée en ce que les évidements (6) sont au nombre de huit, et sont disposés symétriquement autour de l'axe (8).Building structure according to claim 3, characterized in that the recesses (6) are eight in number, and are arranged symmetrically around the axis (8). Structure de bâtiment suivant la revendication 3, caractérisée en ce que le plot (5) présente en son centre un orifice passant (9) pour le passage d'un boulon (10) ou d'une tige filetée permettant de fixer les caissons monocoques qui lui correspondent, avec un jeu de fonctionnement entre le plot et le boulon ou la tige.Building structure according to claim 3, characterized in that the stud (5) has in its center a passing orifice (9) for the passage a bolt (10) or a threaded rod for fixing the boxes monohulls which correspond to it, with an operating clearance between the stud and bolt or rod. Structure de bâtiment suivant la revendication 5, caractérisée en ce qu'un orifice (9') de diamètre supérieur à celui de l'orifice central (9) du manchon est ménagé autour dudit orifice (9) pour s'opposer à la rupture du béton en cas de torsion du boulon (10).Building structure according to claim 5, characterized in an orifice (9 ') of diameter greater than that of the central orifice (9) of the sleeve is formed around said orifice (9) to oppose the rupture of the concrete in case of twisting of the bolt (10). Structure de bâtiment suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que les moyens d'absorption et de dispersion des vibrations (2) comportent un plot en élastomère (5'), de densité variable, disposé dans un caisson métallique circulaire (12).Building structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the vibration absorption and dispersion means (2) include a elastomer pad (5 '), of variable density, placed in a box circular metal (12). Structure de bâtiment suivant la revendication 7, caractérisée en ce que le plot (5') comprend une couronne basse (13) en élastomère, présentant des évidements (14).Building structure according to claim 7, characterized in that the stud (5 ') comprises a low crown (13) made of elastomer, having recesses (14). Structure de bâtiment suivant la revendication 7, caractérisée en ce que le plot élastomère (5') a un diamètre inférieur à celui du caisson métallique (12),Building structure according to claim 7, characterized in that the elastomer pad (5 ') has a diameter smaller than that of the metal box (12), Structure de bâtiment suivant la revendication 7, caractérisée en ce que le caisson (12) est soudé sur une platine métallique (15), elle-même disposée sur une platine en caoutchouc dur (16), l'ensemble étant fixé sur la fondation (30) par l'intermédiaire de moyens d'ancrage (17).Building structure according to claim 7, characterized in that the box (12) is welded to a metal plate (15), itself disposed on a hard rubber plate (16), the assembly being fixed on the foundation (30) by means of anchoring means (17). Structure de bâtiment suivant la revendication 7, caractérisée en ce que le caisson métallique (12) est flottant.Building structure according to claim 7, characterized in that the metal box (12) is floating. Structure de bâtiment suivant la revendication 7, caractérisée en ce qu'une platine 18 en TEFLON est interposée et collée entre le plot (5') et le caisson métallique (12).Building structure according to claim 7, characterized in that a TEFLON plate 18 is interposed and glued between the stud (5 ') and the metal box (12). Structure de bâtiment suivant la revendication 7, caractérisée en ce que la partie supérieure du plot (5') est logée dans un caisson métallique (19) circulaire, lui-même soudé à un autre caisson métallique (20) de dimension supérieure.Building structure according to claim 7, characterized in that the upper part of the stud (5 ') is housed in a metal box (19) circular, itself welded to another metal box (20) of higher dimension. Structure de bâtiment suivant la revendication 13, caractérisée en ce que l'ensemble formé par les caissons (19) et (20) est solidaire de la dalle en béton armé du monocoque de niveau supérieur par l'intermédiaire de fers à béton soudés sur le dessus du caisson (20).Building structure according to claim 13, characterized in that the assembly formed by the boxes (19) and (20) is integral with the slab in reinforced concrete of the upper level monohull through concrete irons welded to the top of the box (20).
EP99440125A 1998-06-03 1999-05-31 Modular,monocoque building structure Withdrawn EP0962603A1 (en)

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FR9807135 1998-06-03
FR9807135A FR2779458B1 (en) 1998-06-03 1998-06-03 MODULAR MONOCOQUE BUILDING STRUCTURE

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EP1184521A1 (en) * 2000-09-01 2002-03-06 Thierry Baur Improved modular and monocoque building structure
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EP3498929A1 (en) * 2017-12-15 2019-06-19 CasaPor GmbH High-rise building module and building constructed from same
IT202000001177A1 (en) * 2020-01-29 2021-07-29 Santis Giovanni De CONNECTION NODE FOR TIE RODS IN DYNAMIC RESPONSE THREADED BARS WITH NON-CONFINED ELASTOMERIC CUSHION

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WO2002018721A1 (en) * 2000-08-31 2002-03-07 Marche Peter William De Modular buildings
EP1184521A1 (en) * 2000-09-01 2002-03-06 Thierry Baur Improved modular and monocoque building structure
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EP1406825A1 (en) * 2001-06-13 2004-04-14 Sky Technology Pte. Ltd. Containerised handling of bulk materials and apparatus therefor
EP1544366A1 (en) * 2003-12-18 2005-06-22 Elcon AG Building of prefabricated room elements
EP1700964A2 (en) * 2005-03-03 2006-09-13 Compact-Habit, S.L. Modular building system and method for level assembling of prefabricated building modules
EP1700964A3 (en) * 2005-03-03 2006-12-06 Compact-Habit, S.L. Modular building system and method for level assembling of prefabricated building modules
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US7594361B2 (en) 2005-03-03 2009-09-29 Compact — Habit S.L. Modular building system and method for level assembling of prefabricated building modules
CN105649229A (en) * 2016-03-07 2016-06-08 山东大学 Multidimensional anti-torsion shock absorber
EP3498929A1 (en) * 2017-12-15 2019-06-19 CasaPor GmbH High-rise building module and building constructed from same
IT202000001177A1 (en) * 2020-01-29 2021-07-29 Santis Giovanni De CONNECTION NODE FOR TIE RODS IN DYNAMIC RESPONSE THREADED BARS WITH NON-CONFINED ELASTOMERIC CUSHION

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FR2779458B1 (en) 2000-08-25
FR2779458A1 (en) 1999-12-10

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