EP0960251B1 - Obturation d'ouverture a l'epreuve du feu - Google Patents

Obturation d'ouverture a l'epreuve du feu Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0960251B1
EP0960251B1 EP98908030A EP98908030A EP0960251B1 EP 0960251 B1 EP0960251 B1 EP 0960251B1 EP 98908030 A EP98908030 A EP 98908030A EP 98908030 A EP98908030 A EP 98908030A EP 0960251 B1 EP0960251 B1 EP 0960251B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
closure
heat
fire
composite block
expanding
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP98908030A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0960251A1 (fr
Inventor
Robert Graf
Maria-Elisabeth Kaiser
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Cognis IP Management GmbH
Original Assignee
Cognis Deutschland GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Cognis Deutschland GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Cognis Deutschland GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP0960251A1 publication Critical patent/EP0960251A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0960251B1 publication Critical patent/EP0960251B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
    • A62C3/16—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in electrical installations, e.g. cableways
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10S428/913—Material designed to be responsive to temperature, light, moisture
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10S428/92—Fire or heat protection feature
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10S428/92—Fire or heat protection feature
    • Y10S428/921—Fire or flameproofing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/696—Including strand or fiber material which is stated to have specific attributes [e.g., heat or fire resistance, chemical or solvent resistance, high absorption for aqueous compositions, water solubility, heat shrinkability, etc.]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/699—Including particulate material other than strand or fiber material

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fire-resistant, elastic opening closure in the form of a preformed composite body.
  • DE 35 42 326 C1 describes a flame-retardant composite foam made of polyurethane foam flakes described. This is made by placing the foam flakes in the In the event of fire, inflatable intumescent materials are mixed as a binder and / or additive and then be pressed. Intumescent materials in the form of expanded graphite and as binders can be used as additives can be intumescent materials in the form of an epoxy resin with a melamine hydrohalide Binders can be used. The composite foam obtained in this way is suitable as a composite foam panel for laying on surfaces to be protected.
  • EP-A-0706979 describes a fire-resistant, elastic opening closure in Form of a preformed composite body made of elastically compressible particles, one at A blowing agent that becomes effective when exposed to heat Binder and an adhesive through which the individual components to a composite body are connected.
  • the opening closure according to the invention can be produced in a simple manner and largely or entirely using recycled materials.
  • the opening closure according to the invention has excellent mechanical properties, especially what a strength, abrasion resistance and Elasticity concerns.
  • the opening closure according to the invention has excellent fire engineering Characteristics. It can easily be formulated so that its fire resistance is above F90 according to DIN 4102. His fire resistance is therefore the same as the fire resistance of Concrete components, which is particularly advantageous.
  • the blowing agent which becomes effective when the heat develops, leads to a fire Volume increase and ensures a particularly tight seal of the opening. Furthermore, additional cavities are created, which provide thermal insulation enlarge.
  • the at least one heat-binding binder becomes sticky under the influence of heat and ensures that the individual Keep components of the composite body together in the event of fire and not crumble. At least two at different temperatures are advantageous rising heat-binding agents provided.
  • As a heat-effective Binders are particularly suitable for organic thermoplastics, which are used in lower Melting temperatures, inorganic hot melt adhesives such as borates, Ammonium polyphosphate, which softens over a wide temperature range and at the same time has flame retardant properties, as well as glass, its Adhesive properties developed at higher temperatures.
  • the glass is lying in particular to avoid segregation of the raw materials, preferably in finely divided form, in particular in the form of fibers, hollow microspheres or glass powder, in front.
  • At least two are used as blowing agents different blowing agents are provided. This too can control the blowing properties over a wide temperature range become. Expandable graphite and, if one, are particularly suitable as blowing agents Bloating is desirable even at high temperatures, even uninflated Vermiculite and / or pearlite.
  • the individual components can be in finely divided Pre-mixed form, after which the mixture is provided with the adhesive, preferably by spraying it onto the moving mixture.
  • the one with the Glue wetted mixture is then preferably under the action of heat pressed into a block, the heat in particular using a Burst of steam can be introduced evenly into the mixture.
  • this is at least one Blowing agent and the at least one heat-binding binder in the form of both Granules containing ingredients. This will make it a very even one
  • the composite bodies composed of 10 - 50% by weight, in particular approx. 40% by weight of elastic compressible particles, 20 - 70 wt%, in particular 40 - 60 wt% from the Combination of thermally active blowing agents and thermally active binders and 0.5-20% by weight, in particular approximately 10% by weight of adhesive.
  • the combination of thermally active blowing agents and thermally active binders split in the Usually in 40 - 80% by weight, in particular 30 - 50% blowing agent, in particular blowing agent mixture, and 60 - 20% by weight, in particular Binder mixture.
  • the adhesive holding the components of the composite body together is one preferred embodiment, a diisocyanate, in particular Diphenylmethane diisocyanate, which is preferably set with water.
  • a diisocyanate in particular Diphenylmethane diisocyanate
  • water preferably set with water.
  • a thermoplastic especially an in aqueous medium, for example as a dispersion, applicable thermoplastic. This can also serve as a heat-binding agent.
  • Thermoplastics are polyvinyl acetate / ethylene copolymers and Polyvinyl acetate / ethylene / vinyl chloride terpolymers.
  • the opening closure according to the invention is preferably porous and has especially a rough surface. This makes it particularly good on the one hand compressible. On the other hand, the rough surface gives good adhesion in the openings to be closed.
  • the elastically compressible particles can be essentially solid, such as Pieces of rubber or cork. However, they are preferably porous. This is the case with one preferred embodiment of the composite body, a composite foam body, and the elastically compressible particles are foam particles. As compressible Particles are also suitable for fiber balls. Also fibers and others can compressible particles are present in combination with one another.
  • compressible particles are open-pored, such as this is the case with fiber balls and open-cell foam particles.
  • open-pore particles can smaller components of the mixture in the Partially penetrate pores, which further promotes homogeneity.
  • the Particle size of the individual components can vary within wide limits.
  • the compressible particles it is usually between 1 and 20 mm, especially 1 and 5 mm.
  • the remaining ingredients can be in the form of powders or particles with a particle size of 0.001-10 mm, preferably 0.1-5 mm, in particular 0.3 - 5 mm, are present.
  • the opening closures according to the invention are preferably made from larger blocks. From these can plates be cut to a suitable thickness. This is easily possible because the Material of the composite body is easily cut, for example with knives, scissors or hot wires. Punching is also possible. As a result, without special shapes must be kept in stock, any sizes and Designs are made on opening closures. The resulting waste can be easily recycled by starting from scratch Composite body is used as an elastically compressible particle. This one Particles can then already contain the heat-effective binders and blowing agents the amount of which will be withdrawn accordingly. It is an advantage too possible openings and recesses for the opening closures Prepare to pass through lines, for example by partially Punching.
  • the opening closures contain 800-400, in particular 750-600
  • the modulus of elasticity of the opening closures is generally 1 ⁇ 10 3 to 1 ⁇ 10 5 N / m 2 , preferably 4 to 10 ⁇ 10 3 N / m 2 , in particular approx. 7 ⁇ 10 3 N / m 2 .
  • the opening closures advantageously have a compression hardness (at 40% compression) of 1 ⁇ 10 2 to 7 ⁇ 10 3 N / mm 2 , preferably 1.3 to 5 ⁇ 10 2 N / mm 2 , in particular approx. 1.7 ⁇ 10 2 N / mm 2 .
  • the Shore A hardness of the opening closures is preferably in the range of 10-40, preferably 12 to 20, in particular approximately 15. These mechanical properties can be varied in a suitable manner by controlling the production conditions.
  • a dry mixture is made from the following ingredients: 45 parts by weight Schnitzel made of flexible polyurethane foam with different particle sizes in the range of 1 - 7 mm 10 parts by weight Zinc borate as an inorganic hot melt adhesive 12.5 parts by weight Hollow glass microspheres 9.5 parts by weight Ammonium polyphosphate and 13 parts by weight Expandable graphite.
  • the composite body obtained had a Shore A hardness of 15, a modulus of elasticity of 6 ⁇ 10 3 N / m 2 and a compression hardness (40%) of 2 ⁇ 10 2 N / mm 2 .
  • the cut surfaces were porous and not sticky. They had an even one black-gray color, whereby individual expandable graphite particles were recognizable.
  • the composite body was cut plates, from which in turn the desired forms of opening closures (cylinders, cuboids and the like) were punched out. For the formation of cable bushings were different large holes are pre-punched so that the respective hole cores at the construction site without Tool could be pushed out by hand.
  • the opening closures could be bent without risk of breakage and be squeezed together. They are so firm that they hammer into openings hammered in and out of the openings without risk of breakage or tearing could be pulled out.
  • Cylindrical parts with a thickness of 6 cm can be cut from the composite bodies become. These cylinders are suitable for sealing off holes in components, through which electrical cables are led. Will two of these cylinders become one Hole in a 120 mm thick concrete wall, through which electrical cables of up to 20 mm in diameter can be performed with this Fire resistance of more than 120 minutes according to DIN 3102, part 9.
  • Example 1 was repeated, first of all producing a granulate containing blowing agent and heat-effective binder.
  • the cake obtained is granulated into granules with a particle size of 1-3 mm.
  • a dry mixture is produced from 45% by weight of a swelling agent granulate according to DE 39 30 722 A1, which already contains heat-binding agent, and 50% by weight of a rubber foam ground to a size of 1-3 mm.
  • This mixture is sprayed with 5% by weight of diphenylmethane diisocyanate, which is diluted 1: 1 with water.
  • This intermediate product is heated in a heated press mold with several bursts of steam to approx. 170 ° C., whereby it solidifies into a composite body with a density of 380 kg / m 3 .
  • the composite body has a modulus of elasticity of 2 ⁇ 10 4 N / m 2 and a compression hardness (40%) of 2.5 ⁇ 10 2 N / mm 2.
  • the cross-section of trapezoidal bodies is cut from the composite body. which can be used to seal the trapezoidal sheet metal beads above walls inside buildings.
  • the composite bodies with a thickness of 120 mm have a fire resistance duration of more than 2 hours.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Sealing Material Composition (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Fire-Detection Mechanisms (AREA)
  • Insulated Conductors (AREA)
  • Control Of Combustion (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Fermeture d'orifice élastique, résistante au feu, sous la forme d'un corps composite préformé à partir de :
    a) au moins un type de particules comprimables élastiquement,
    b) au moins un agent gonflant qui devient actif, par action de la chaleur,
    c) au moins un agent liant thermoactif par action de la chaleur,
    d) au moins un adhésif à l'aide duquel les particules comprimables élastiquement, et les autres constituants, sont assemblés en corps composite
    caractérisée en ce que
    les adhésifs d) sont choisis dans le groupe des diisocyanates.
  2. Fermeture d'orifice selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisée en ce qu'
    au moins deux agents liants thermoactifs qui démarrent à des températures différentes sont prévus.
  3. Fermeture d'orifice selon la revendication 1 ou la revendication 2,
    caractérisée en ce qu'
    comme - au moins un agent liant thermoactifs, est un thermoplaste organique et/ou une colle par fusion minérale, comme en particulier le polyphosphate d'ammonium, le borate de zinc et/ou le verre.
  4. Fermeture d'orifice selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisée en ce que
    comme agent gonflant, au moins deux agents qui gonflent à des températures différentes, sont prévus.
  5. Fermeture d'orifice selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisée en ce que
    comme agent gonflant, du graphite expansé, et de la vermiculite et/ou de la perlite éventuellement non expansée, sont prévus.
  6. Fermeture d'orifice selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisée en ce que
    le granulé qui contient au moins un agent gonflant et le granulé qui contient au moins un agent liant thermoactif, se présentent sous la forme d'un granulé qui contient les deux constituants.
  7. Fermeture d'orifice selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisée en ce que
    l'adhésif qui colle ensemble les constituants du corps composite est le diphénylméthane diisocyanate (MDI) qui se prend en masse en particulier avec de l'eau.
  8. Fermeture d'orifice selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisée en ce que
    le corps composite est poreux et possède une surface rugueuse.
  9. Fermeture d'orifice selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisée en ce que
    le corps composite est un solide d'assemblage de mousse et les particules comprimables élastiquement sont des particules de mousse.
  10. Fermeture d'orifice selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisée en ce qu'
    elle est formée par découpe ou similaire à partir d'un corps composite plus grand.
  11. Fermeture d'orifice selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisée en ce qu'
    elle possède un module d'élasticité de 1 x 103 à 1 x 105 N/m2, en particulier d'environ 7 x 103 N/m2.
  12. Fermeture d'orifice selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisée en ce qu'
    elle possède une dureté par les efforts (à 40 %) de 1 x 102 à 1 x 103 N/mm2, en particulier d'environ 1,7 x 102 N/mm2.
  13. Fermeture d'orifice selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisée en ce qu'
    elle possède une dureté Shore A de 10 à 40 en particulier d'environ 15.
  14. Fermeture d'orifice selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisée en ce que
    sa densité se situe dans la zone de 200 à 600 kg/m3 en particulier de 250 à 400 kg/m3.
  15. Fermeture d'orifice selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisée en ce que
    sa résistance au feu est de 30 à 120 minutes (selon la norme DIN 4102).
EP98908030A 1997-02-08 1998-01-31 Obturation d'ouverture a l'epreuve du feu Expired - Lifetime EP0960251B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19704833A DE19704833A1 (de) 1997-02-08 1997-02-08 Feuerwiderstandsfähiger Öffnungsverschluß
DE19704833 1997-02-08
PCT/EP1998/000517 WO1998035122A1 (fr) 1997-02-08 1998-01-31 Obturation d'ouverture a l'epreuve du feu

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0960251A1 EP0960251A1 (fr) 1999-12-01
EP0960251B1 true EP0960251B1 (fr) 2003-04-02

Family

ID=7819713

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP98908030A Expired - Lifetime EP0960251B1 (fr) 1997-02-08 1998-01-31 Obturation d'ouverture a l'epreuve du feu

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US6544445B1 (fr)
EP (1) EP0960251B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE236337T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU721890B2 (fr)
DE (2) DE19704833A1 (fr)
DK (1) DK0960251T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO1998035122A1 (fr)

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AU6618298A (en) 1998-08-26
DE59807738D1 (de) 2003-05-08
ATE236337T1 (de) 2003-04-15
US6544445B1 (en) 2003-04-08
WO1998035122A1 (fr) 1998-08-13
DE19704833A1 (de) 1998-08-13
EP0960251A1 (fr) 1999-12-01
AU721890B2 (en) 2000-07-13
DK0960251T3 (da) 2003-07-28

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