EP0960054B2 - Pet-bottle with a plastic screw top - Google Patents
Pet-bottle with a plastic screw top Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0960054B2 EP0960054B2 EP98909299A EP98909299A EP0960054B2 EP 0960054 B2 EP0960054 B2 EP 0960054B2 EP 98909299 A EP98909299 A EP 98909299A EP 98909299 A EP98909299 A EP 98909299A EP 0960054 B2 EP0960054 B2 EP 0960054B2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- sealing
- sealing strip
- olive
- bottle
- bottle neck
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D41/00—Caps, e.g. crown caps or crown seals, i.e. members having parts arranged for engagement with the external periphery of a neck or wall defining a pouring opening or discharge aperture; Protective cap-like covers for closure members, e.g. decorative covers of metal foil or paper
- B65D41/02—Caps or cap-like covers without lines of weakness, tearing strips, tags, or like opening or removal devices
- B65D41/04—Threaded or like caps or cap-like covers secured by rotation
- B65D41/0407—Threaded or like caps or cap-like covers secured by rotation with integral sealing means
- B65D41/0414—Threaded or like caps or cap-like covers secured by rotation with integral sealing means formed by a plug, collar, flange, rib or the like contacting the internal surface of a container neck
- B65D41/0421—Threaded or like caps or cap-like covers secured by rotation with integral sealing means formed by a plug, collar, flange, rib or the like contacting the internal surface of a container neck and combined with integral sealing means contacting other surfaces of a container neck
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S215/00—Bottles and jars
- Y10S215/901—Tamper-resistant structure
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a PET bottle with plastic screw cap, consisting of one essentially cylindrical jacket with internal thread for screwing on the external thread of a Bottleneck, and with a substantially circular disk-shaped head plate and a substantially cylindrical and from the inside of the Top plate axially inwardly extending sealing strip, its outer diameter is approximately the outer one Bottle neck diameter corresponds or slightly larger and its inside diameter is n-definite smaller than the outer bottleneck edge, wherein radially outside the weather strip at the transition from the top plate to the shell of the closure a bead with an approximately cylindrical inner surface is provided, the inner diameter at most equal to and preferably slightly lower than that Sum of bottleneck diameter and the double the thickness of the weather strip is.
- the known combination of waszctaresses is for screwing the closure onto the threaded neck of bottles provided and designed so that the approximately cylindrical sealing strips extending from above and outside here on the bottleneck hangs up and essentially along the upper outer, rounded Edge of the bottle neck or bottle mouth sealingly rests.
- the sealing strip is additional still between an outer, approximately cylindrical Bead and the bottleneck pinched and in tight sealing engagement with the bottleneck edge pulled and pressed.
- such would be one Closure also for plastic bottles, e.g. PET bottles, usable.
- the Bottles in general and in particular also the bottlenecks and estuarines before reuse visually checked.
- this can not be ruled out be that damage to the bottleneck edge in the area where he puts the cap or sealing elements of the cap in Sealing engagement occurs, be overlooked, in particular if these damages are relatively small and inconspicuous are.
- this also applies to plastic bottles, especially for the increasingly more widespread finding PET bottles.
- plastic bottles may also be production-related with something larger manufacturing tolerances or damage during manufacture or handling to count. Small damages, especially in Form of small dents or scores, are visually only difficult to see.
- bottles are bottled and sealed, their bottleneck marginal damage, Deformations or production-related unevenness but sufficient, the sealing engagement between bottleneck edge and sealing elements to affect the cap. This applies especially if the inside of the bottle is under pressure stands, such as B. in the case of using the bottles for carbonated drinks.
- a bad seal can cause in such bottles that Gas escapes from the bottle and thereby the pressure lowers, which in turn leads to outgassing in the Drink contains carbonated which then after a few days or weeks storage time its carbonic acid has largely lost and accordingly scarf tastes.
- cap becomes known, the one especially ensure good sealing engagement.
- a In approximately cylindrical sealing strip has this
- known cap a in about horizontally extending sealing strip, which itself on the upper bottleneck hangs up, in addition annular projections on the floor or the Head plate of the closure cap are provided, the on the opposite side of the bottle neck Side of the sealing strip with this engage and a line-shaped sealing pressure on the To exercise sealing strips.
- annular projections on the floor or the Head plate of the closure cap are provided, the on the opposite side of the bottle neck Side of the sealing strip with this engage and a line-shaped sealing pressure on the To exercise sealing strips.
- approximately cylindrical sealing olive provided the term "olive" vividly the bottom one Cross section of this part circumscribes which one outward projecting area, which also has approximately in a line with the cylindrical inner surface the bottleneck should engage.
- the inner surface a bottleneck is at least for PET bottles generally pretty well defined However, have quite damage, so that the lead of the sealing olive in spite of its essentially linear engagement with thecommercenhalsinneren can not guarantee a secure seal.
- the sealing projection in the known closure is also at a considerable distance from the approach of Seal lamination provided on the top plate, so that in the area of the projection no very high elastic Return or contact forces result.
- a substantially radially extending Sealing lamella partly covers the outer, generally well-defined, rounded bottleneck, but it can also be damaged but as well as the sealing olive not the inner, slightly rounded edge of the bottleneck edge.
- sealing ring is tapering in diameter, directed obliquely inward, so that here too the demolding difficult to accomplish and moreover the sealing function of the sealing ring is worse, since the sealing ring only under pressure on the bottleneck edge hangs up and not, as in the substantially cylindrical axially from the inside of the top plate inside extending sealing strips, under stretching aufgieitet on the fish shack.
- the known closures therefore have at least partial manufacturing problems and in particular while demolding and grant on the other hand still no absolutely safe seal in the case of small Damage or deformation of the bottleneck edge or in harsh transport conditions and high temperatures.
- the present invention Compared to this prior art is the present invention, the object of a PET bottle with a Plastic screw cap with the aforementioned Characteristics to create which leaks even better prevented and which beyond should be easily demoulded, if possible, to the Produce with a simple as possible injection mold to facilitate.
- the PET bottle with the Kunststoffschraubverschluß in addition to the features mentioned above has the further features that radially within the cylindrical sealing strip another, substantially cylindrical sealing strip, hereinafter referred to as Dichtolive, with a cross-sectional shape, in is about an olive, is provided, the outer diameter of which is at least in the vicinity of the top plate and the sealing strip opposite region greater than the inner diameter of a bottle neck, for which the closure is provided, and that the deviation (
- the outer weather strip in is designed approximately as in the case of the known DE 41 28 474, thus a fairly good seal of the upper reaches the outer neck of the bottle, is in addition one inner sealing olive provided, in addition, the Inner surface at the upper edge of the bottle neck seals.
- the latter is achieved by this Dichtolive also located in the near the top plate and the sealing strip opposite area, i.e. in the area where in on a bottle screwed closure normally too the upper edges of the neck are always still has a larger outer diameter than it the inner diameter of the bottle neck or the Bottleneck edge in this area corresponds, so that is, the inner sealing olive pushed radially inward becomes and seals itself against the inner surface the bottleneck edge creates.
- the clear distance between the weather strip and sealing olive in the sealing area less than two thirds, possibly even is less than half the thickness of the bottle neck.
- the sealing olive as well as the sealing strip preferably from the plastic material of the closure exist, they have sufficient elasticity, to when putting on or screwing the closure pushed away through the bottleneck but due to the occurring elastic Restoring forces in very tight, sealing engagement to come with the upper Flaschhalsrand.
- the invention provided that the sealing olive on their outside has a flat bead, which in the Cross-section roughly the shape of an obtuse angle Triangle has.
- the radial Pushing the inner approach inward is synonymous with a compression of the material is off which the sealing olive consists.
- the bead the one has correspondingly larger outer diameter occurs on the one hand in sealing engagement with the inner surface of the Bottleneck edge and enforces beyond that greater compression of the material from which the Dichtolive exists, and thus an increase in the elastic restoring force, ultimately the safe Sealing engagement ensured.
- the sealing olive is preferably rounded and / or bevelled so that in the axial movement in the direction of the neck of the bottle the sealing olive is actually pressed radially inward and not on the bottleneck edge or even pushed radially outward.
- the sealing strip on his free end a rounded and / or bevelled Form, so that when moving axially toward the bottleneck is spread radially outward, when it engages the bottleneck.
- the variants can be selected of sealing strip and sealing olive to this effect characterize that their deviations from an exact Hollow cylinder shape substantially on the outer wall the approach and on the inner wall of the sealing strip are limited.
- the olive is in the preferred embodiment about remedies for the following effects:
- the outer surfaces of the Sealing olive and the inner surface of the sealing strip across the axial extent of the weather strip substantially parallel, i. you have the length the sealing strip across an approximately constant clear width between sealing olive and sealing strip, and the outer surface of the Dichtotive runs thereby especially in the axial height of the end of the sealing strip parallel to the bevelled and rounded Form of the same.
- cross section so has the between Seal olive and weatherstrip formed cavity a narrow, slightly curved concave and top rounded shape, is open at its lower end and closed at the top.
- this cavity has in cross section a substantially constant width and tapers only at its upper closed and rounded end, with the upper section, related on the closure axis, is almost cylindrical, and the lower portion tapers conically outwards.
- the axial length of the cavity, the clear narrower than the associated bottleneck is thick, is thereby by the length of the outer weather strip which in turn is relatively short, so that he in the screwed on a bottleneck state so just the outer, rounded neck of the bottle neck completely covered.
- this cavity has an axial depth (corresponding to the axial length the sealing strip) of less than 4 mm, preferably less than 3 mm and especially about 2 up to 2.5 mm.
- the free end of the jacket of the screw cap is preferably integral with a guarantee and tear strip provided.
- a guarantee and tear strip provided.
- the total of Closure in the preferred embodiment of a single piece of a homogeneous plastic material produced by injection molding.
- the essentially cylindrical forms of the sealing olive and the Sealing strip and the short axiaie length of the same allow a relatively easy and simple Demolding and a correspondingly simple-shaped Production tool.
- FIG. 1a the Screw cap for the inventive combination of PET bottle and plastic screw cap in a shaft containing the Longitudinal cut.
- the screw is in essentially from a cylindrical shell 1 with a integrally adjoining, approximately circular disk-shaped Head plate 2.
- a guarantee and tear strip 7 which by loosening the screw cap of a Bottle ruptures or tears from the jacket 1 and thus marks an already opened bottle.
- the cylindrical shell 1 has a piecewise broken internal thread 8 and on its outside a grip corrugation 9, soft application torque when gripping the cap to make my fingers easier.
- the two, the seal with the bottleneck effecting elements are the annular encircling, cylindrical sealing strips 4 and also ring-shaped and parallel to this circumferential sealing olive 3.
- the outer wall of the cylindrical runs Seal strip 4 as well as the inner wall the cylindrical sealing olive 3 in section straight and thus pretty exactly cylindrical.
- the inner wall of the cylindrical sealing strip 4 extends only over a relatively short section paraxial and is then rounded towards the free end and sloping leaking outwards.
- the outer wall of the cylindrical "Olive" 3 has a flat cross-section bead approximately in the form of an obtuse triangle, wherein the blunt tip of this obtuse triangle the maximum outer diameter of the neck 3 or the bead defined and axially approximately with the free End of the sealing strip 4 coincides.
- Head plate 2 then runs the outer wall of the cylindrical Dichtolive 3, starting from the bead approximately parallel to the oblique and rounded running End section, before returning approximately runs parallel to the axis and then in an arc in the inner wall of the sealing strip 4 passes.
- FIG 1b the closure is shown in approximately natural size in a side view. It can be clearly seen the corrugation 9 on the outside of the screw cap, which should facilitate the screwing and unscrewing of the closure, and the lower Knoxieund tear strip 7. Moreover, the closure in Figures 1 and 2 is shown exactly to scale, the dimension R a slightly less than 31 mm. From this, because of the true-to-scale representation, all other dimensions can be derived exactly, and the absolute and relative dimensions of all elements are disclosed on the basis of the true-to-scale representation by the figures. It is understood, however, that the invention is not limited to the observance of the absolute and relative dimensions of the individual elements of the closure cap.
- the free end of the sealing olive 3 is clear rounded so that the free end of the sealing olive 3, when it hits the edge of a bottle neck, slides inwards and is pushed away.
- the plastic screw cap is again in the same Cutting plane, but in that on a bottleneck firmly screwed state to recognize.
- the sealing olive 3 by engaging her rounded free end with the face of the bottle neck 10 pushed away inside, the bead lies on the inner, cylindrical surface of the bottle neck at.
- it is the cylindrical one Olive 3 pushed inwards and compressed so that a corresponding elastic restoring force results, which establishes a tight sealing engagement.
- the seal results from engagement with the sealing strip 4 which, when its free, rounded or chamfered end, engages with the face of the bottle neck, is then forced out between the outer surface of the bottle neck and a cylindrical bead 5 and being pulled around the upper outer edge of the bottle by the bead, said bead 5 being provided at the transition between the cap skirt and the top plate and having a substantially cylindrical inner surface. Because of the details of the thus achieved, good sealing engagement is made to DE 41 28 474.
- the sealing olive 3 is significantly thicker and preferably about twice as thick (without consideration of the bead) as the sealing strip 4, it is provided in the preferred embodiment of the invention that the outer diameter 2R 1 of the Dichtolive, in the area in which they engages the upper bottleneck edge, a smaller difference to the inner diameter d of the bottle neck edge in this area than the sealing strip 4 with its inner surface relative to the outer edge of the bottle neck, since the sealing strip 4 is deformed with the same force easier than the sealing olive 3. This can can also be clearly seen in Figure 2 and by comparison with Figure 1.
- between the sealing olive and the inner neck of the bottle when the closure is not screwed onto a bottle neck is only about one third to one quarter of the diameter difference D - 2r 2 between the inner surface of the sealing strip and the outer neck of the bottle neck.
- the bottleneck exerts on the two Seal elements radially opposite forces which largely cancel each other out. This avoids one, that in conventional one-sided Seals these forces absorbing top plate (or cap bottom) these forces by slow Flow gives way and thus the sealing engagement gradually makes weaker.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Closures For Containers (AREA)
- Insulators (AREA)
- Finger-Pressure Massage (AREA)
- Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
- Prostheses (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft einer PET-Flasche mit Kunststoffschraubverschluß, bestehend aus einem im wesentlichen zylindrischen Mantel mit Innengewinde für das Aufschrauben auf das Außengewinde eines Flaschenhalses, und mit einer im wesentlichen kreisscheibenförmigen Kopfplatte sowie einem im wesentlichen zylindrischen und sich von der Innenseite der Kopfplatte axial nach innen erstreckenden Dichtungsstreifen, dessen Außendurchmesser in etwa dem äußeren Flaschenhalsdurchmesser entspricht oder aber geringfügig größer ist und dessen Innendurchmesserei n-deutig kleiner ist als der äußere Flaschenhalsrand, wobei radial außerhalb des Dichtungsstreifens am Übergang von der Kopfplatte zu dem Mantel des Verschlusses ein Wulst mit einer in etwa zylindrischen Innenfläche vorgesehen ist, dessen Innendurchmesser höchstens gleich der und vorzugsweise etwas geringer als die Summe aus Flaschenhalsdurchmesser und dem Zweifachen der Dicke des Dichtungsstreifens ist.The present invention relates to a PET bottle with plastic screw cap, consisting of one essentially cylindrical jacket with internal thread for screwing on the external thread of a Bottleneck, and with a substantially circular disk-shaped head plate and a substantially cylindrical and from the inside of the Top plate axially inwardly extending sealing strip, its outer diameter is approximately the outer one Bottle neck diameter corresponds or slightly larger and its inside diameter is n-definite smaller than the outer bottleneck edge, wherein radially outside the weather strip at the transition from the top plate to the shell of the closure a bead with an approximately cylindrical inner surface is provided, the inner diameter at most equal to and preferably slightly lower than that Sum of bottleneck diameter and the double the thickness of the weather strip is.
Eine derartige Kombination aus einer PET-Flasche mit einem Kunststoffschraubverschluß ist bereits aus der DE 41 28 474 bekannt.Such a combination of a PET bottle with a plastic screw cap is already known from DE 41 28 474.
Die bekannte Kombination des werzctaresses ist für das Aufschrauben des Verschlusses auf den Gewindehals von Flaschen vorgesehen und so ausgestaltet, daß der in etwa zylindrische Dichtungsstreifen sich von oben und außen her auf den Flaschenhalsrand auflegt und dabei im wesentlichen entlang der oberen äußeren, abgerundeten Kante des Flaschenhalses bzw. der Flaschenmündung dichtend anliegt. Dabei wird der Dichtungsstreifen zusätzlich noch zwischen einem äußeren, in etwa zylinderförmigen Wulst und dem Flaschenhals eingeklemmt und in festen Dichtungseingriff mit dem Flaschenhalsrand gezogen und gedrückt. Grundsätzlich wäre ein solcher Verschluß auch für Kunststoffflaschen, z.B. PET-Flaschen, verwendbar.The known combination of werzctaresses is for screwing the closure onto the threaded neck of bottles provided and designed so that the approximately cylindrical sealing strips extending from above and outside here on the bottleneck hangs up and essentially along the upper outer, rounded Edge of the bottle neck or bottle mouth sealingly rests. In this case, the sealing strip is additional still between an outer, approximately cylindrical Bead and the bottleneck pinched and in tight sealing engagement with the bottleneck edge pulled and pressed. In principle, such would be one Closure also for plastic bottles, e.g. PET bottles, usable.
Bei Mehrwegflaschen aus Glas werden die Flaschen insgesamt und insbesondere auch die Flaschenhälse und -mündungen vor der Wiederverwendung visuell geprüft. Dabei kann jedoch nicht ausgeschlossen werden, daß Beschädigungen des Flaschenhalsrandes in dem Bereich, wo ermitderVerschlußkappe bzw. Dichtungselementen der Verschlußkappe in Dichtungseingriff tritt, übersehen werden, insbesondere wenn diese Beschädigungen relativ klein und unauffällig sind. Grundsätzlich gilt dies auch für Kunststoffflaschen, insbesondere für die zunehmend mehr Verbreitung findenden PET-Flaschen. Bei Kunststoffflaschen ist unter Umständen auch herstellungsbedingt mit etwas größeren Fertigungstoleranzen oder mit Beschädigungen im Verlaufe der Herstellung oder Handhabung zu rechnen. Kleine Beschädigungen, insbesondere in Form von kleinen Dellen oder Riefen, sind visuell nur schwer zu erkennen. Es kann also durchaus vorkommen, daß Flaschen abgefüllt und verschlossen werden, deren Flaschenhalsrand geringfügige Beschädigungen, Verformungen oder herstellungsbedingte Unebensehen werden, die aber ausreichen, den Dichtungseingriff zwischen Flaschenhalsrand und Dichtungselementen der Verschlußkappe zu beeinträchtigen. Dies gilt insbesondere, wenn das Flascheninnere unter Druck steht, wie z. B. im Falle der Verwendung der Flaschen für kohlensäurehaltige Getränke. Eine schlechte Abdichtung kann bei solchen Flaschen dazu führen, daß Gas aus der Flasche entweicht und dadurch den Druck absenkt, was wiederum zu einem Ausgasen der in dem Getränk enthaltenen Kohlensäure führt, welches dann nach einigen Tagen oder Wochen Lagerzeit seine Kohlensäure weitgehend verloren hat und entsprechend schal schmeckt.For returnable bottles made of glass, the Bottles in general and in particular also the bottlenecks and estuarines before reuse visually checked. However, this can not be ruled out be that damage to the bottleneck edge in the area where he puts the cap or sealing elements of the cap in Sealing engagement occurs, be overlooked, in particular if these damages are relatively small and inconspicuous are. Basically, this also applies to plastic bottles, especially for the increasingly more widespread finding PET bottles. For plastic bottles may also be production-related with something larger manufacturing tolerances or damage during manufacture or handling to count. Small damages, especially in Form of small dents or scores, are visually only difficult to see. So it can happen that bottles are bottled and sealed, their bottleneck marginal damage, Deformations or production-related unevenness but sufficient, the sealing engagement between bottleneck edge and sealing elements to affect the cap. this applies especially if the inside of the bottle is under pressure stands, such as B. in the case of using the bottles for carbonated drinks. A bad seal can cause in such bottles that Gas escapes from the bottle and thereby the pressure lowers, which in turn leads to outgassing in the Drink contains carbonated which then after a few days or weeks storage time its carbonic acid has largely lost and accordingly scarf tastes.
Aus der WO 96/02430 ist bereits eine Verschlußkappe bekannt geworden, die einen besonders guten Dichtungseingriff gewährleisten soll. Anstelle eines in etwa zylindrischen Dichtungsstreifens weist diese bekannte Verschlußkappe jedoch einen sich in etwa horizontal erstreckenden Dichtungsstreifen auf, der sich auf den oberen Flaschenhalsrand auflegt, wobei zusätzlich ringförmige Vorsprünge am Boden bzw. der Kopfplatte der Verschlußkappe vorgesehen sind, die auf der dem Flaschenhalsrand gegenüberliegenden Seite des Dichtungsstreifens mit diesem in Eingriff treten und einen linienförmigen Dichtungsdruck auf den Dichtungsstreifen ausüben sollen. Zusätzlich ist noch eine innere, in etwa zylinderförmige Dichtolive vorgesehen, wobei der Begriff "Olive" anschaulich den unteren Querschnitt dieses Teiles umschreibt, welcher einen nach außen vorspringenden Bereich hat, der ebenfalls in etwa linienförmig mit der zylindrischen Innenfläche des Flaschenhalses in Eingriff treten soll. Die Innenfläche eines Flaschenhalses ist zwar zumindest bei PET-Flaschen im allgemeinen ziemlich exakt definiert, kann jedoch durchaus Beschädigungen aufweisen, so daß der Vorsprung der Dichtolive trotz seines im wesentlichen linienförmigen Eingriffs mit dem Flaschenhalsinneren keine sichere Abdichtung gewährleisten kann. Der dichtende Vorsprung bei dem bekannten Verschluß ist außerdem in erheblichem Abstand zum Ansatz der Dichtungslamelle an der Kopfplatte vorgesehen, so daß sich im Bereich des Vorsprunges keine sehr hohen elastischen Rückstell- bzw. Andruckkräfte ergeben.From WO 96/02430 is already a cap become known, the one especially ensure good sealing engagement. Instead of a In approximately cylindrical sealing strip has this However, known cap a in about horizontally extending sealing strip, which itself on the upper bottleneck hangs up, in addition annular projections on the floor or the Head plate of the closure cap are provided, the on the opposite side of the bottle neck Side of the sealing strip with this engage and a line-shaped sealing pressure on the To exercise sealing strips. In addition is still an inner, approximately cylindrical sealing olive provided the term "olive" vividly the bottom one Cross section of this part circumscribes which one outward projecting area, which also has approximately in a line with the cylindrical inner surface the bottleneck should engage. The inner surface a bottleneck is at least for PET bottles generally pretty well defined However, have quite damage, so that the lead of the sealing olive in spite of its essentially linear engagement with the Flaschenhalsinneren can not guarantee a secure seal. The sealing projection in the known closure is also at a considerable distance from the approach of Seal lamination provided on the top plate, so that in the area of the projection no very high elastic Return or contact forces result.
Eine sich im wesentlichen radial erstreckende Dichtungslamelle überdeckt zwar teilweise den äußeren, im allgemeinen wohl definierten, abgerundeten Flaschenhalsrand, der aber auch beschädigt sein kann, erfaßt jedoch ebenso wie die Dichtolive nicht die innere, leicht abgerundete Kante des Flaschenhalsrandes. Diese zur Achse des Verschlusses unterschiedlich angestellten Teile definieren eine sacklochartige Vertiefung mit erheblicher Hinterschneidung, die bei der Herstellung und bei dem dabei notwendigen Herauspressen von Luft erhebliche Probleme bereitet.A substantially radially extending Sealing lamella partly covers the outer, generally well-defined, rounded bottleneck, but it can also be damaged but as well as the sealing olive not the inner, slightly rounded edge of the bottleneck edge. These Employed differently to the axis of the closure Parts define a blind hole-like depression with considerable undercut during production and with the necessary pressing out of air causes considerable problems.
Aus der WO 96/26121 ist ein entsprechender Schraubverschluß bekannt, der außer einer in etwa konisch nach außen gerichteten, umlaufenden Dichtungslamelle, welche mit dem äußeren Flaschenhalsrand in Eingriff treten soll, zusätzlich noch einen inneren Zentrieransatz aufweist, dessen Außendurchmesser jedoch etwas geringer ist als der Innendurchmesser des Flaschenhalses und der keine Dichtfunktion aufweist. Dieser Ansatz tritt daher nicht in Dichtungseingriff mit dem Inneren des Flaschenhalses und insbesondere nicht mit dem oberen inneren Flaschenhalsrand.From WO 96/26121 a corresponding Screw cap known except the one conical outwardly directed, circumferential sealing lamella, which with the outer bottleneck edge in Should engage, in addition to an inner centering approach has, however, its outer diameter is slightly smaller than the inside diameter of the Bottleneck and has no sealing function. This approach therefore does not engage in sealing engagement the inside of the bottle neck and in particular not with the upper inner bottleneck edge.
Wegen der konischen Form der Dichtungslamelle ist die Entformung eines solchen Verschlusses aus einem Spritzgießwerkzeug relativ schwierig und aufwendig. Dies gilt noch mehrfürden zuvorerwähnten Verschluß gemäß WO 96/02430, bei welcher die Dichtungslamelle sich parallel zur Kopfplatte radial einwärts nahezu in einer Ebene erstreckt und zusammen mit einer weiter innen liegenden Dichtolive einen nahezu geschlossenen Hohlraum definiert.Because of the conical shape of the sealing lamella is the demolding of such a closure from an injection mold relatively difficult and consuming. This applies even more for the aforementioned Closure according to WO 96/02430, in which the sealing lamella parallel to the top plate radially inwards extends almost in one plane and together with one further inside Dichtolive a nearly closed Cavity defined.
Aus der EP 0076778 ist eine Verschlußkappe mit einem Dichtring und einer Dichtolive bekannt. Der Dichtring ist aber, sich im Durchmesser verjüngend, schräg nach innen gerichtet, so daß auch hier die Entformung nur schwer zu bewerkstelligen ist und zudem die Dichtfunktion des Dichtringes schlechter ist, da sich der Dichtring nur unter Druck auf den Flaschenhalsrand auflegt und nicht, wie bei dem im wesentlichen zylindrischen sich axial von der Innenseite der Kopfplatte nach innen erstreckende Dichtungsstreifen, unter Dehnung auf den Fiaschenhais aufgieitet.From EP 0076778 is a closure cap known with a sealing ring and a sealing olive. Of the But sealing ring is tapering in diameter, directed obliquely inward, so that here too the demolding difficult to accomplish and moreover the sealing function of the sealing ring is worse, since the sealing ring only under pressure on the bottleneck edge hangs up and not, as in the substantially cylindrical axially from the inside of the top plate inside extending sealing strips, under stretching aufgieitet on the fish shack.
Die bekannten Verschlüsse haben daher zumindest teilweise Probleme bei der Herstellung und insbesondere beim Entformen und gewähren andererseits noch keine absolut sichere Abdichtung im Falle von kleinen Beschädigungen oder Verformungen des Flaschenhalsrandes oder bei rauhen Transportbedingungen und hohen Temperaturen.The known closures therefore have at least partial manufacturing problems and in particular while demolding and grant on the other hand still no absolutely safe seal in the case of small Damage or deformation of the bottleneck edge or in harsh transport conditions and high temperatures.
Gegenüber diesem Stand der Technik liegt der vorliegenden Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine PET-Flasche mit einem Kunststoffschraubverschluß mit den eingangs genannten Merkmalen zu schaffen, welche Undichtigkeiten noch besser verhindert und welche darüber hinaus nach Möglichkeit leicht entformbar sein sollte, um das Herstellen mit einem möglichst einfach gebauten Spritzgießwerkzeug zu erleichtern.Compared to this prior art is the present invention, the object of a PET bottle with a Plastic screw cap with the aforementioned Characteristics to create which leaks even better prevented and which beyond should be easily demoulded, if possible, to the Produce with a simple as possible injection mold to facilitate.
Diese Aufgabe wird dadurch gelost, daß die PET-Flasche mit dem Kunststoffschraubverschluß zusätzlich zu den eingangs genannten Merkmalen die weiteren Merkmale aufweist, daß radial innerhalb des zylindrischen Dichtungsstreifens ein weiterer, im wesentlichen zylindrischer Dichtungsstreifen, nachstehend als Dichtolive bezeichnet, mit einer Querschnittsform, die in etwa einer Olive entspricht, vorgesehen ist, dessen Außendurchmesser mindestens in dem nahe der Kopfplatte gelegenen und dem Dichtungsstreifen gegenüberliegenden Bereich größer ist als der Innendurchmesser eines Flaschenhalses, für welchen der Verschluß vorgesehen ist, und daß die Abweichung (|2R1 - d|) des Außendurchmessers der Dichtolivevom Innendurchmesserdes Flaschenhalses deutlich geringer ist als die Abweichung (|2r2 - D|) des Innendurchmessers des Dichtungsstreifens vom Außendurchmesser des Flaschenhalses.This object is achieved in that the PET bottle with the Kunststoffschraubverschluß in addition to the features mentioned above has the further features that radially within the cylindrical sealing strip another, substantially cylindrical sealing strip, hereinafter referred to as Dichtolive, with a cross-sectional shape, in is about an olive, is provided, the outer diameter of which is at least in the vicinity of the top plate and the sealing strip opposite region greater than the inner diameter of a bottle neck, for which the closure is provided, and that the deviation (| 2R 1 - d |) of the Outer diameter of the sealing olive of the inner diameter of the bottle neck is significantly less than the deviation (| 2r 2 - D |) of the inner diameter of the sealing strip from the outer diameter of the bottle neck.
Während der äußere Dichtungsstreifen, der in etwa so ausgestaltet ist, wie im Falle der bekannten DE 41 28 474, somit eine recht gute Abdichtung des oberen äußeren Flaschenhalsrandes erreicht, ist zusätzlich eine innere Dichtolive vorgesehen, die zusätzlich auch die Innenfläche am oberen Rand des Flaschenhalses abdichtet. Letzteres wird dadurch erreicht, daß diese Dichtolive auch in dem nahe der Kopfplatte gelegenen und dem Dichtungsstreifen gegenüberliegenden Bereich, d.h. in dem Bereich, in welchem bei auf eine Flasche aufgeschraubtem Verschluß normalerweise auch die oberen Ränder des Flaschenhalses liegen, immer noch einen größeren Außendurchmesser hat als es dem Innendurchmesser des Flaschenhalses bzw. des Flaschenhalsrandes in diesem Bereich entspricht, so daß also die innere Dichtolive radial nach innen weggedrängt wird und sich dabei abdichtend an die Innenfläche des Flaschenhalsrandes anlegt. Aus den Durchmesserbedingungen für den Dichtungsstreifen und die Dichtolive ergibt sich zwangsweise, daß in einer gegebenen axialen Position, und insbesondere in dem axialen Bereich, in welchem sich der obere Flaschenhalsrand befindet, der lichte Abstand zwischen dem Dichtungsstreifen und der Dichtolive kleiner sein muß als es der Dicke des Flaschenhalsrandes entspricht. Besonders bevorzugt ist dabei eine Ausführungsform der Erfindung, bei welcher der lichte Abstand zwischen Dichtungsstreifen und Dichtolive in dem abdichtenden Bereich weniger als zwei Drittel, unter Umständen sogar weniger als die Hälfte der Dicke des Flaschenhalses beträgt. Da die Dichtolive ebenso wie der Dichtungsstreifen vorzugsweise aus dem Kunststoffmaterial des Verschlusses bestehen, haben sie eine genügende Elastizität, um beim Aufsetzen bzw. Festschrauben des Verschlusses durch den Flaschenhalsrand weggedrängtzu werden, dabei jedoch aufgrund der auftretenden elastischen Rückstellkräfte in sehr festen, dichtenden Eingriff mit dem oberen Flaschhalsrand zu kommen.While the outer weather strip in is designed approximately as in the case of the known DE 41 28 474, thus a fairly good seal of the upper reaches the outer neck of the bottle, is in addition one inner sealing olive provided, in addition, the Inner surface at the upper edge of the bottle neck seals. The latter is achieved by this Dichtolive also located in the near the top plate and the sealing strip opposite area, i.e. in the area where in on a bottle screwed closure normally too the upper edges of the neck are always still has a larger outer diameter than it the inner diameter of the bottle neck or the Bottleneck edge in this area corresponds, so that is, the inner sealing olive pushed radially inward becomes and seals itself against the inner surface the bottleneck edge creates. From the diameter conditions for the weather strip and the Dichtolive results forcibly that in a given axial position, and in particular in the axial Area in which the upper bottleneck edge is the clear distance between the weather strip and the poet's olive must be smaller than it the thickness of the bottleneck edge corresponds. Especially preferred is an embodiment of the invention, in which the clear distance between the weather strip and sealing olive in the sealing area less than two thirds, possibly even is less than half the thickness of the bottle neck. As the sealing olive as well as the sealing strip preferably from the plastic material of the closure exist, they have sufficient elasticity, to when putting on or screwing the closure pushed away through the bottleneck but due to the occurring elastic Restoring forces in very tight, sealing engagement to come with the upper Flaschhalsrand.
Zusätzlich ist in der bevorzugten Ausführungform der Erfindung vorgesehen, daß die Dichtolive auf ihr Außenseite einen flachen Wulst aufweist, der im Querschnitt in etwa die Form eines stumpfwinkligen Dreiecks hat.Additionally, in the preferred embodiment the invention provided that the sealing olive on their outside has a flat bead, which in the Cross-section roughly the shape of an obtuse angle Triangle has.
Dabei ist zu berücksichtigen, daß das radiale Wegdrängen des inneren Ansatzes nach innen gleichbedeutend mit einer Kompression des Materials ist, aus welchem die Dichtolive besteht. Der Wulst, der einen entsprechend größeren Außendurchmesser hat, tritt zum einen in Dichtungseingriff mit der Innenfläche des Flaschenhalsrandes und erzwingt darüber hinaus eine stärkere Kompression des Materials, aus welchem die Dichtolive besteht, und damit eine Vergrößerung der elastischen Rückstellkraft, die letztlich den sicheren Dichtungseingriff gewährleistet.It should be noted that the radial Pushing the inner approach inward is synonymous with a compression of the material is off which the sealing olive consists. The bead, the one has correspondingly larger outer diameter occurs on the one hand in sealing engagement with the inner surface of the Bottleneck edge and enforces beyond that greater compression of the material from which the Dichtolive exists, and thus an increase in the elastic restoring force, ultimately the safe Sealing engagement ensured.
An ihrem freien Ende ist die Dichtolive vorzugsweise abgerundet und/oder abgeschrägt, so daß bei der axialen Eewegung in Richtung des Flaschenhalses die Dichtolive auch tatsächlich radial nach innen gedrücktwird und nicht auf dem Flaschenhalsrand aufsitzt oder gar radial nach außen weggedrängt wird.At its free end, the sealing olive is preferably rounded and / or bevelled so that in the axial movement in the direction of the neck of the bottle the sealing olive is actually pressed radially inward and not on the bottleneck edge or even pushed radially outward.
In analoger Weise hat in der bevorzugten Ausführungsform auch der Dichtungsstreifen an seinem freien Ende eine abgerundete und/oder abgeschrägte Form, so daß er beim axialen Bewegen in Richtung auf den Flaschenhals radial nach außen aufgespreizt wird, wenn er mit dem Flaschenhalsrand in Eingriff kommt.Analogously, in the preferred embodiment also the sealing strip on his free end a rounded and / or bevelled Form, so that when moving axially toward the bottleneck is spread radially outward, when it engages the bottleneck.
insgesamt lassen sich die bevcrzugten Varianten
von Dichtungsstreifen und Dichtolive dahingehend
charakterisieren, daß ihre Abweichungen von einer exakten
Hohlzylinderform im wesentlichen auf die Außenwand
des Ansatzes und auf die Innnenwand des Dichtungsstreifens
beschränkt sind. Dabei ist die Olive in der
bevorzugten Ausführungsform etwa doppeltso dick und
um mindestens 50% länger (in axialer Richtung) als der
Dichtungsstreifen. Vorzugsweise beträgt die axiale Länge
der Dichtolive sogar etwa das Doppelte der axialen
Länge des Dichtungsstreifens. Aufgrund dieser relativ
massiven Ausgestaltung der Dichtolive ist in der Ausführungsform
der Erfindung gemäß Anspruch 1 die Abweichung
des Außendurchmessers der Dichtolive von
dem Durchmesser des Flaschenhalsrandes, jedenfalls
in dem Bereich, wo die Abdichtung im wesentlichen auftritt,
geringer als die entsprechende Abweichung des Innendurchmessers
des Dichtungsstreifens von dem Außendurchmesser
des Flaschenhalsrandes, da der Dichtungsstreifen
dünner und kürzer und damit leichter elastisch
dehnbar und wegbewegbar ist.All in all, the variants can be selected
of sealing strip and sealing olive to this effect
characterize that their deviations from an exact
Hollow cylinder shape substantially on the outer wall
the approach and on the inner wall of the sealing strip
are limited. The olive is in the
preferred embodiment about doppeltso thick and
at least 50% longer (in the axial direction) than the
Sealing strip. Preferably, the axial length
the sealing olive even about twice the axial
Length of the weather strip. Because of this relative
massive design of the sealing olive is in the embodiment
The invention according to
Vorzugsweise verlaufen die Außenflächen der Dichtolive und die Innenfläche des Dichtungsstreifens über die axiale Erstreckung des Dichtungsstreifens hinweg im wesentlichen parallel, d.h. man hat überdie Länge des Dichtungsstreifens hinweg eine in etwa konstante lichte Weite zwischen Dichtolive und Dichtungsstreifen, und die Außenfläche der Dichtotive verläuft dabei vor allem in der axialen Höhe des Endes des Dichtungsstreifens parallel zu der abgeschrägten und abgerundeten Form desselben. Im Querschnitt hat also der zwischen Dichtolive und Dichtungsstreifen gebildete Hohlraum eine schmale, leicht konkäv gekrümmte und oben abgerundete Gestalt, ist an seinem unteren Ende offen und oben geschlossen. Der sich von unten nach oben leicht geschwungen erstreckende Hohlraum hat dabei im Querschnitt eine im wesentlichen konstante Breite und verjüngt sich nur an seinem oberen geschlossenen und abgerundeten Ende, wobei der obere Abschnitt, bezogen auf die Verschlußachse, nahezu zylindrisch ist, und der untere Abschnit sich konisch nach außen aufwertet. Die axiale Länge des Hohlraumes, der deutlich schmaler ist als der zugehörige Flaschenhals dick ist, ist dabei durch die Länge des äußeren Dichtungsstreifens definiert, der seinerseits relativ kurz ist, so daß er im auf einen Flaschenhals aufgeschraubten Zustand so eben den äußeren, abgerundeten Flaschenhalsrand voilständig umfaßt. Hierdurch bleibt der schmale Hohlraum zwischen Dichtolive und Dichtungsstreifen axial entsprechend kurz, was den Herstellungsvorgang und auch die Ausgestaltung eines entsprechenden Spritzgießwerkzsuges erieichtert. Konkret hat dieser Hohlraum eine axiale Tiefe (entsprechend der axialen Länge des Dichtungsstreifens) von weniger als 4 mm, vorzugsweise von weniger als 3 mm und insbesondere etwa 2 bis 2,5 mm.Preferably, the outer surfaces of the Sealing olive and the inner surface of the sealing strip across the axial extent of the weather strip substantially parallel, i. you have the length the sealing strip across an approximately constant clear width between sealing olive and sealing strip, and the outer surface of the Dichtotive runs thereby especially in the axial height of the end of the sealing strip parallel to the bevelled and rounded Form of the same. In cross section so has the between Seal olive and weatherstrip formed cavity a narrow, slightly curved concave and top rounded shape, is open at its lower end and closed at the top. Which is from the bottom up slightly curved extending cavity has in cross section a substantially constant width and tapers only at its upper closed and rounded end, with the upper section, related on the closure axis, is almost cylindrical, and the lower portion tapers conically outwards. The axial length of the cavity, the clear narrower than the associated bottleneck is thick, is thereby by the length of the outer weather strip which in turn is relatively short, so that he in the screwed on a bottleneck state so just the outer, rounded neck of the bottle neck completely covered. This leaves the narrow cavity between sealing olive and sealing strip axially according to short, what the manufacturing process and also the design of a corresponding Spritzgießwerkzsuges erieichtert. Specifically, this cavity has an axial depth (corresponding to the axial length the sealing strip) of less than 4 mm, preferably less than 3 mm and especially about 2 up to 2.5 mm.
Das freie Ende des Mantels des Schraubverschlusses ist vorzugsweise einstückig mit einem Garantie- und Abreißband versehen. Wie auch insgesamt der Verschluß in der bevorzugten Ausführungsform aus einem einzigen Stück aus einem homogenen Kunststoffmaterial in Spritzgußtechnik hergestellt ist. Die im wesentlichen zylindrischen Formen der Dichtolive und des Dichtungsstreifens und die kurze axiaie Länge desselben erlauben dabei ein relativ leichtes und einfaches Entformen und ein entsprechend einfach geformtes Herstellungswerkzeug.The free end of the jacket of the screw cap is preferably integral with a guarantee and tear strip provided. As well as the total of Closure in the preferred embodiment of a single piece of a homogeneous plastic material produced by injection molding. The essentially cylindrical forms of the sealing olive and the Sealing strip and the short axiaie length of the same allow a relatively easy and simple Demolding and a correspondingly simple-shaped Production tool.
Weitere Vorteile, Merkmale und Anwendungsmöglichkeiten der vorliegenden Erfindung werden deutlich anhand der folgenden Beschreibung einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform und der dazugehörigen Figuren. Es zeigen:
- Figur 1a
- den Schraubverschluß für die erfindungsgemäße Kombination aus PET-Flasche und Kunststoffschraubverschluß in einer die Achse enthaltenden, vergrößerten Schnittdarstellung.
- Figur 1 b
- den Schraubverschluß nach Figur 1a in einer Seitenansicht, etwa in Originalgröße und
Figur 2- den Verschluß nach
Figur 1 in derselben axialen Schnittebene, jedoch in einem auf einen Flaschenhals aufgeschraubten Zustand.
- FIG. 1a
- the screw cap for the inventive combination of PET bottle and plastic screw cap in an axis containing, enlarged sectional view.
- Figure 1 b
- the screw of Figure 1a in a side view, approximately in original size and
- FIG. 2
- the closure of Figure 1 in the same axial section plane, but in a screwed onto a bottle neck state.
Man erkennt in Figur 1a den
Schraubverschluß für die erfindungsgemäße Kombination aus PET-Flasche und Kunststoffschraubverschluß in einem die Achse enthaltenden
Längsschnitt. Der Schraubverschluß besteht im
wesentlichen aus einem zylindrischen Mantel 1 mit einer
einstückig daran anschließenden, in etwa kreisscheibenförmigen
Kopfplatte 2. Am freien Ende des zylindrischen
Mantels 1 setzt noch, ebenfalls einstückig,
mit dem Mantel 1, ein Garantie- und Abreißband 7 an,
welches durch Losdrehen der Schraubkappe von einer
Flasche aufreißt oder von dem Mantel 1 abreißt und damit
eine bereits geöffnete Flasche kennzeichnet.It can be seen in Figure 1a the
Screw cap for the inventive combination of PET bottle and plastic screw cap in a shaft containing the
Longitudinal cut. The screw is in
essentially from a
Der zylindrische Mantel 1 hat ein stückweise
unterbrochenes Innengewinde 8 sowie auf seiner Außenseite
eine Griffriffelung 9, weiche das Aufbringen
von Drehmoment beim Ergreifen der Verschlußkappe
mir den Fingern erleichtern soll.The
Die beiden, die Dichtung mit dem Flaschenhals
bewirkenden Elemente sind der ringförmig umlaufende,
zylindrische Dichtungsstreifen 4 und die ebenfalls
ringförmig und parallel hierzu umlaufende Dichtolive
3. Wie man erkennt, verläuft die Außenwand des zylindrischen
Dichtungsstreifens 4 ebenso wie die Innenwand
der zylindrischen Dichtolive 3 im Schnitt gerade
und damit ziemlich exakt zylindrisch. Die Innenwand
des zylindrischen Dichtungsstreifens 4 verläuft nur über
einen relativ kurzen Abschnitt achsparallel und ist dann
in Richtung des freien Endes abgerundet und schräg
nach außen vertaufend. Die Außenwand der zylindrischen
"Olive" 3 weist einen im Querschnitt flachen Wulst
in etwa in Form eines stumpfwinkligen Dreiecks auf, wobei
die stumpfe Spitze dieses stumpfwinkligen Dreiecks
den maximalen Außendurchmesser des Ansatzes 3
bzw. des Wulstes definiert und axial in etwa mit dem freien
Ende des Dichtungsstreifens 4 zusammenfällt. Zur
Kopfplatte 2 hin verläuft dann die Außenwand der zylindrischen
Dichtolive 3, ausgehend von dem Wulst näherungsweise
parallel zu dem schräg und abgerundet verlaufenden
Endabschnitt, bevor sie wieder näherungsweise
achsparallel verläuft und dann in einem Bogen in
die Innenwand des Dichtungsstreifens 4 übergeht.The two, the seal with the bottleneck
effecting elements are the annular encircling,
cylindrical sealing strips 4 and also
ring-shaped and parallel to this
In Figur 1b ist der Verschluß in etwa in natürlicher
Größe in einer Seitenansicht dargestellt. Man erkennt
deutlich die Riffelung 9 auf der Außenseite der
Schraubkappe, die das Auf- und Zuschrauben des Verschlusses
erleichtern soll, sowie das untere Garantieund
Abreißband 7. Im übrigen ist der Verschluß in den
Figuren 1 und 2 exakt maßstabsgetreu dargestellt, wobei
das Maß Ra etwas weniger als 31 mm beträgt. Hieraus
lassen sich wegen der maßstabgetreuen Darstellung
auch alle anderen Maße exakt ableiten und die absoluten
und relativen Maße sämtlicher Elemente sind
aufgrund der maßstabgetreuen Darstellung durch die
Figuren offenbart. Es versteht sich jedoch, daß die Erfindung
nicht auf die Einhaltung der absoluten und relativen
Maße der einzelnen Elemente der Verschlußkappe
beschränkt ist.In Figure 1b, the closure is shown in approximately natural size in a side view. It can be clearly seen the
Auch das freie Ende der Dichtolive 3 ist deutlich
abgerundet, so daß das freie Ende der Dichtolive 3,
wenn es auf den Rand eines Flaschenhalses stößt,
nach innen abgleitet und weggedrängt wird. In Figur 2
ist der Kunststoffschraubverschluß nochmals in derselben
Schnittebene, jedoch in dem auf einen Flaschenhals
fest aufgeschraubten Zustand zu erkennen. Wie
man sieht, ist die Dichtolive 3 durch Ineingrifftreten ihres
abgerundeten freien Endes mit der Stirnfläche des Flaschenhalses
10 nach innen weggedrängt, der Wulst
liegt an der inneren, zylindrischen Fläche des Flaschenhalses
an. Wie man erkennt, ist dabei die zylindrische
Olive 3 nach innen weggedrückt und komprimiert, so
daß sich eine entsprechende elastische Rückstellkraft
ergibt, weiche einen festen Dichtungseingriff herstellt.The free end of the sealing olive 3 is clear
rounded so that the free end of the sealing olive 3,
when it hits the edge of a bottle neck,
slides inwards and is pushed away. In Figure 2
the plastic screw cap is again in the same
Cutting plane, but in that on a bottleneck
firmly screwed state to recognize. As
one sees, is the sealing olive 3 by engaging her
rounded free end with the face of the
Am oberen äußeren Rand des Flaschenhalses
ergibt sich die Dichtung durch den Eingriff mit dem Dichtungsstreifen
4, der beim Ineingrifftreten seines freien,
abgerundeten bzw, abgeschrägten Endes mit der Stirnseite
des Flaschenhalses nach außen weggedrängt und
dann zwischen der Außenfläche des Flaschenhalses
und einem zylindrischen Wulst 5 eingeklemmt und
durch den Wulst um den oberen äußeren Flaschenrand
herumgezogen wird, wobei dieser Wulst 5 am Übergang
zwischen Kappenmantel und Kopfplatte vorgesehen ist
und eine im wesentlichen zylindrische Innenfläche aufweist.
Wegen der Einzelheiten des hierdurch erzielten,
guten Dichtungseingriffes wird auf die DE 41 28 474 verwiesen.
Da die Dichtolive 3 deutlich dicker und vorzugsweise
etwa doppelt so dick ausgebildet ist (ohne Berücksichtigung
des Wulstes) wie der Dichtungsstreifen
4, ist in der bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung
vorgesehen, daß der Außendurchmesser 2R1 der
Dichtolive, in dem Bereich, in welchem sie mit dem oberen
Flaschenhalsrand in Eingriff tritt, einen kleineren
Unterschied zum Innendurchmesser d des Flaschenhalsrandes
in diesem Bereich aufweist als der Dichtungsstreifen
4 mit seiner Innenfläche relativ zu dem Außenrand
des Flaschenhalses, da der Dichtungsstreifen
4 bei gleicher Krafteinwirkung leichter verformbar ist als
die Dichtolive 3. Dies kann man auch in Figur 2 und
durch den Vergleich mit Figur 1 deutlich erkennen. Der
Durchmesserunterschied |d - 2R1| zwischen Dichtolive
und innerem Flaschenhalsrand bei dem nicht auf einen
Flaschenhals aufgeschraubten Verschluß beträgt nur
etwa ein Drittel bis ein Viertel des Durchmesserunterschiedes
D - 2r2 zwischen der Innenfläche des Dichtungsstreifens
und dem äußeren Flaschenhalsrand.At the upper outer edge of the bottle neck, the seal results from engagement with the sealing strip 4 which, when its free, rounded or chamfered end, engages with the face of the bottle neck, is then forced out between the outer surface of the bottle neck and a
Durch die erfindungsgemäße PET-Flasche mit Kunststoffschraubverschluß wird erreicht, daß sowohl die obere äußere Kante als auch die Innenfläche der Flaschenhalsmündung zwischen zwei gegenüberliegenden Dichtungselementen eingefaßt und abgedichtet wird. Man hat damit zwei nahezu gleichwertige und voneinander unabhängige Dichtungen, so daß im Falle von unbemerkt bleibenden Beschädigungen, Verformungen oder Toleranzabweichungen des oberen Flaschenhalsrandes die Wahrscheinlichkeit, daß zumindest eine der beiden Dichtungen eine hinreichende Abdichtung gewährleistet, relativ groß ist, da es unwahrscheinlich ist, daß eine Beschädigung oder Verformung, die sowohl die obere Außenkante als auch die obere Innenfläche des Flaschenhalsrandes erfaßt, unbemerkt bleibt.By the inventive PET bottle with plastic screw cap is achieved that both the upper outer edge than also the inner surface of the bottleneck mouth between two opposing sealing elements enclosed and sealed. You almost have two equivalent and independent seals, so that in case of unnoticed permanent damage, Deformations or tolerance deviations the upper bottleneck edge the probability that at least one of the two seals Ensures a sufficient seal, relatively Big is unlikely to be damaged or deformation, which is both the upper outer edge as well as the upper inner surface of the bottleneck edge recorded, goes unnoticed.
Außerdem übt der Flaschenhals auf die beiden Dichtungselemente radial entgegengesetzte Kräfte aus, die sich weitgehend aufheben. Hierdurch vermeidet man, daß die bei herkömmlichen einseitig anliegenden Dichtungen diese Kräfte aufnehmende Kopfplatte (oder Kappenboden) diesen Kräften durch langsames Fließen nachgibt und damit den Dichtungseingriff allmählich schwächer macht.In addition, the bottleneck exerts on the two Seal elements radially opposite forces which largely cancel each other out. This avoids one, that in conventional one-sided Seals these forces absorbing top plate (or cap bottom) these forces by slow Flow gives way and thus the sealing engagement gradually makes weaker.
Claims (12)
- A PET bottle with a plastics screw closure, comprising a cap having a substantially cylindrical peripheral wall portion (1) with a female screwthread (8) for screwing on to the male screwthread (11) of the bottle neck (10), and a head plate portion (2) substantially in the form of a circular disc, and a substantially cylindrical sealing strip (4) which extends axially from the inside of the head plate portion (2) and whose outside diameter approximately corresponds to the outside diameter of the bottle neck or is slightly larger than same and whose inside diameter (2R2) is markedly smaller than the outside diameter (D) of the bottle neck, wherein provided radially outside the sealing strip (4) at the transition from the head plate portion (2) to the peripheral wall portion (1) of the closure is a bead (5) having a substantially cylindrical inside surface whose inside diameter is at most equal to and preferably somewhat smaller than the sum of the outside diameter (D) of the bottle neck and double the thickness of the sealing strip (4), characterised in that provided radially inside the cylindrical sealing strip (4) is a sealing olive (3) which comprises a further, substantially cylindrical sealing strip of substantially olive-shaped cross-section and whose outside diameter (2R1) at least in the region near the head plate portion and opposite the sealing strip (4) is larger than the inside diameter (d) of the bottle neck (10), and that the deviation (|2R1 - d|) of the outside diameter (2R1) of the sealing olive (3) from the inside diameter (d) of the bottle neck is markedly less than the deviation (|2r2 - D|) of the inside diameter (2r2) of the sealing strip (4) from the outside diameter (D) of the bottle neck.
- A PET bottle with a plastics screw closure according to claim 1 characterised in that the internal spacing (r2 - R1) between the sealing strip (4) and the sealing olive (3) in the sealing region is less than two thirds and optionally less than half the thickness of the bottle neck (10).
- A PET bottle with a plastics screw closure according to claim 1 or claim 2 characterised in that on its outside the sealing olive (3) has a shallow bead (6) of the cross-section of an obtuse-angled triangle.
- A PET bottle with a plastics screw closure according to one of claims 1 to 3 characterised in that at its free end the sealing olive (3) extends in a rounded-off and/or bevelled cross-sectional configuration such that upon axial movement on to a bottle neck (10) the sealing olive (3) is displaced radially inwardly.
- A PET bottle with a plastics screw closure according to one of claims 1 to 4 characterised in that at its free end the sealing strip (4) is of a rounded-off and/or bevelled configuration such that upon axial movement of the closure on to the bottle neck the sealing strip is spread radially outwardly.
- A PET bottle with a plastics screw closure according to one of claims 1 to 5 characterised in that deviations from the hollow-cylindrical shape of the sealing olive (3) and the sealing strip (4) are essentially limited to the outside wall of the sealing olive (3) and the inside wall of the sealing strip (4).
- A PET bottle with a plastics screw closure according to one of claims I to 6 characterised in that the mutually facing surfaces of the sealing strip (4) and the sealing olive (3) extend parallel over the major part of the axial length of the sealing strip (4).
- A PET bottle with a plastics screw closure according to one of claims 1 to 7 characterised in that the axial length of the sealing olive (3) is greater than the axial length of the sealing strip by at least 50% and preferably by about 100%.
- A PET bottle with a plastics screw closure according to one of claims 1 to 8 characterised in that the mean thickness of the sealing olive (3) is approximately double the thickness of the sealing strip (4).
- A PET bottle with a plastics screw closure according to one of claims 1 to 9 characterised in that the ratio of the deviations defined in claim 1 is at least 1:2 and preferably 1:3 to 1:5.
- A PET bottle with a plastics screw closure according to one of claims 1 to 10 characterised in that the lower edge of the peripheral wall portion (1) is provided with an anti-tamper and tear-off strip (7).
- A PET bottle with a plastics screw closure according to one of claims 1 to 11 characterised in that the plastics screw closure is produced in one piece and preferably from a homogeneous material.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19705717A DE19705717A1 (en) | 1997-02-14 | 1997-02-14 | Plastic screw cap |
| DE19705717 | 1997-02-14 | ||
| PCT/DE1998/000266 WO1998035881A1 (en) | 1997-02-14 | 1998-01-29 | Plastic screw top |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0960054A1 EP0960054A1 (en) | 1999-12-01 |
| EP0960054B1 EP0960054B1 (en) | 2001-10-04 |
| EP0960054B2 true EP0960054B2 (en) | 2005-05-04 |
Family
ID=7820278
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP98909299A Expired - Lifetime EP0960054B2 (en) | 1997-02-14 | 1998-01-29 | Pet-bottle with a plastic screw top |
Country Status (18)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6325226B1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0960054B2 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2001511744A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1166532C (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE206379T1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU724859B2 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR9807364A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2281705C (en) |
| CZ (1) | CZ291781B6 (en) |
| DE (3) | DE19705717A1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2162423T5 (en) |
| HU (1) | HUP0000612A3 (en) |
| PL (1) | PL189578B1 (en) |
| RO (1) | RO117781B1 (en) |
| RU (1) | RU2182877C2 (en) |
| TR (1) | TR199901960T2 (en) |
| UA (1) | UA42884C2 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1998035881A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (58)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20010096600A (en) * | 2000-03-13 | 2001-11-07 | 도케 케이시 | Synthetic resin container closure |
| DE20006094U1 (en) * | 2000-04-01 | 2000-09-14 | Jokey Plastik Gummersbach Gmbh | Plastic container with snap-on lid |
| DE20006095U1 (en) * | 2000-04-01 | 2000-09-14 | Jokey Plastik Gummersbach Gmbh | Plastic container with snap-on lid and sealing web arranged on the inside of the container |
| AU2001291618A1 (en) | 2000-08-30 | 2002-03-13 | Weiss Kg | Screw-type cap consisting of plastic |
| GB2369114B (en) * | 2000-11-21 | 2004-05-05 | Beeson & Sons Ltd | Plug seals for user-friendly cap assemblies |
| US6695161B2 (en) * | 2001-02-08 | 2004-02-24 | Japan Crown Cork Co., Ltd. | Plastic container closure |
| JP4652596B2 (en) * | 2001-03-21 | 2011-03-16 | 日本クラウンコルク株式会社 | Capping cap |
| FR2828172B1 (en) * | 2001-07-31 | 2004-02-13 | Rical Sa | PLUG COMPRISING A JOINT SOLIDARIZED TO ITS TRANSVERSE WALL, AT THE CENTER OF AN INNER SKIRT |
| EP1327587A1 (en) * | 2001-12-20 | 2003-07-16 | GEFIT S.p.A. | Closure system for bottles |
| JP2003261155A (en) * | 2002-03-04 | 2003-09-16 | Alcoa Closure Systems Japan Ltd | Synthetic resin cap |
| US20030222046A1 (en) * | 2002-04-11 | 2003-12-04 | Schenck Timothy T. | Plastic barrier closure and method of fabrication |
| US20040188375A1 (en) * | 2002-07-03 | 2004-09-30 | Fabricas Monterrey, S.A. De C.V. | Linerless plastic closure with a sealing lip |
| DE10245595A1 (en) * | 2002-09-30 | 2004-04-08 | Bericap Gmbh & Co. Kg | Screw cap for pressurized containers |
| UA87472C2 (en) * | 2003-10-01 | 2009-07-27 | Обрист Кложурез Свитзерланд Гмбх | closure for container and container |
| ITMI20032132A1 (en) * | 2003-11-05 | 2005-05-06 | Guglielmo Ferrari | EXTENDED SEALING SCREW CAP SYSTEM |
| US20070131642A1 (en) * | 2003-12-12 | 2007-06-14 | Human Jan P | Tamper evident closures for containers |
| US20050194343A1 (en) * | 2004-03-08 | 2005-09-08 | Drug Plastics & Glass Company, Inc. | Closure with linerless seal |
| EP1985549A1 (en) * | 2004-09-01 | 2008-10-29 | Creanova Universal Closures Ltd. | Sealing means for a closure, closure and process |
| US20060163193A1 (en) * | 2004-12-06 | 2006-07-27 | Smeyak Lawrence M | Threaded container closure |
| EP1744967A1 (en) | 2004-12-16 | 2007-01-24 | CCT Creative Closure Technology GmbH | Plastic screw-on closure |
| EP1679267B1 (en) * | 2004-12-16 | 2011-03-30 | Japan Crown Cork Co. Ltd. | Plastic cap featuring excellent sealing and venting |
| EP1879807A2 (en) * | 2005-03-14 | 2008-01-23 | Creanova Universal Closures Ltd. | Closure |
| US7651004B2 (en) * | 2005-05-12 | 2010-01-26 | Rexam Closure Systems Inc. | Linerless closure and package |
| EP1746038A1 (en) * | 2005-07-21 | 2007-01-24 | Obrist Closures Switzerland GmbH | Flexible shell |
| CA2635695A1 (en) | 2005-12-28 | 2007-07-05 | Silgan White Cap Americas Llc | Retortable package with plastic closure cap |
| US8181819B2 (en) | 2006-02-23 | 2012-05-22 | Bway Corporation | Lid and container |
| US7963419B2 (en) | 2006-02-23 | 2011-06-21 | Bway Corporation | Lid and container |
| GB0609802D0 (en) * | 2006-05-17 | 2006-06-28 | Constar Int Inc | Closure |
| WO2008012426A2 (en) * | 2006-07-24 | 2008-01-31 | Bericap | Threaded cap with increased sealing and container provided with such a cap |
| US20080110851A1 (en) * | 2006-10-13 | 2008-05-15 | Owens-Illinois Closure Inc. | Dual seal closure and package |
| US7644843B1 (en) * | 2006-12-14 | 2010-01-12 | Rexam Closures And Containers Inc. | Reverse taper dispensing orifice seal |
| DE202008004996U1 (en) | 2007-04-27 | 2008-08-28 | Alpla-Werke Alwin Lehner Gmbh & Co. Kg | Plastic injection molded cap |
| US20090294322A1 (en) * | 2008-06-02 | 2009-12-03 | Baltz Kyle L | Pail with skirt and lid |
| GB2467355A (en) | 2009-01-30 | 2010-08-04 | Beeson & Sons Ltd | Container closure with pressure seal |
| US8490786B2 (en) * | 2009-02-11 | 2013-07-23 | Liquid Health Labs, Inc. | Inverted dome to supply dose |
| US7922028B2 (en) | 2009-02-25 | 2011-04-12 | Rehrig Pacific Company | Pail with lid and flashed lip |
| WO2011057111A2 (en) * | 2009-11-05 | 2011-05-12 | Liquid Health Labs, Inc. | Universal domed closure to supply dose |
| AU2011204806A1 (en) * | 2010-07-23 | 2012-02-09 | Christopher Campbell Win | Tamper Evident closure |
| US8763830B2 (en) * | 2010-10-15 | 2014-07-01 | Closure Systems International Inc. | Tamper-evident closure having tamper-indicating pilfer band with projections and package including the tamper-evident closure |
| PT2663506E (en) | 2011-01-14 | 2015-11-13 | Creanova Universal Closures | Closure |
| FR2973353B1 (en) | 2011-03-29 | 2014-07-11 | Bericap | BI-INJECTED PLUG AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING SUCH PLUG |
| FR2973781B1 (en) | 2011-04-05 | 2014-07-11 | Bericap | SLIDING SHUTTER CAP HAVING MULTIPLE DISTRIBUTION HOLES |
| FR2975673B1 (en) * | 2011-05-27 | 2014-08-08 | Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance | PACKAGING ASSEMBLY COMPRISING A CONTAINER AND A CAP, WITHOUT SEAL, FOR CLOSING THE CONTAINER TANK |
| IN2014CN04999A (en) | 2012-01-06 | 2015-09-18 | Closure Systems Int Inc | |
| WO2013112555A1 (en) * | 2012-01-23 | 2013-08-01 | Liquid Health Labs, Inc. | Dosing closure with dust cover to activate, twist and pull |
| CN104470817A (en) | 2012-07-20 | 2015-03-25 | 国际密封***公司 | Lightweight closure and container package |
| ITMO20120253A1 (en) | 2012-10-18 | 2014-04-19 | Sacmi | CAP FOR CONTAINERS. |
| USD747201S1 (en) | 2013-09-18 | 2016-01-12 | Bericap | Closure |
| FR3015442B1 (en) | 2013-12-24 | 2016-02-05 | Bericap | ARTICULATED CLAMPING DEVICE WITH FIRST OPENING INDICATOR |
| CN107618742A (en) | 2014-02-14 | 2018-01-23 | 国际密封***公司 | Improved tamper evident locking device |
| USD833278S1 (en) | 2014-09-03 | 2018-11-13 | Bericap | Closure for a container |
| WO2018129032A1 (en) | 2017-01-04 | 2018-07-12 | Berry Plastics Corporation | Closure |
| WO2020054259A1 (en) * | 2018-09-13 | 2020-03-19 | 日本山村硝子株式会社 | Synthetic resin cap |
| JP7347938B2 (en) * | 2019-02-27 | 2023-09-20 | 日本クロージャー株式会社 | Combination of resin container opening and plastic cap |
| JP2022551480A (en) | 2019-10-07 | 2022-12-09 | クロージャー・システムズ・インターナショナル・インコーポレーテッド | flip top closure |
| USD996967S1 (en) | 2021-05-17 | 2023-08-29 | Closure Systems International Inc. | Closure |
| USD996968S1 (en) | 2021-05-17 | 2023-08-29 | Closure Systems International Inc. | Closure |
| RU208135U1 (en) * | 2021-07-28 | 2021-12-06 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Трейдпакинг Груп" (ООО "Трейдпакинг Груп") | THREADED REUSABLE LID FOR SEALING SPARKLING WINE BOTTLE |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3568871A (en) * | 1969-05-12 | 1971-03-09 | Jay G Livingstone | Closure cap |
| US4322012A (en) * | 1980-05-09 | 1982-03-30 | Dairy Cap Corporation | Threaded plastic bottle cap |
| EP0076778A1 (en) * | 1981-10-05 | 1983-04-13 | Crown Obrist AG | Closure of plastics material |
| DE3139526A1 (en) * | 1981-10-05 | 1983-04-21 | Albert Obrist AG, 4153 Reinach, Basel | Closure cap made of plastic material |
| JPS58502165A (en) * | 1981-12-23 | 1983-12-15 | アンステイテユ・パストウ−ル | Method of detecting the presence of a nucleic acid sequence using a modified nucleic acid probe that can be recognized by a specific antibody |
| EP0093690A1 (en) * | 1982-05-04 | 1983-11-09 | Crown Obrist AG | Closure for a container |
| US4442947A (en) * | 1983-01-18 | 1984-04-17 | Continental White Cap, Inc. | Plastic closure with sealing flaps |
| ES1009616Y (en) * | 1989-03-14 | 1990-02-16 | Ultimos Desarrollos, S.A. (Uldesa) | STOP DEVICE FOR PLUG THREADS. |
| DE4128474A1 (en) * | 1991-08-28 | 1993-03-04 | Berg Jacob Gmbh Co Kg | PLASTIC SCREW CAP FOR PRESSURIZED BOTTLES |
| DE4203238A1 (en) * | 1992-02-05 | 1993-08-12 | Mouldtec Pvg Ag | Moulded screw cap for sealing PET bottle - has circular internal sealing lip on underside of top which has curved section and is pressed against inside of bottle neck when screwed on |
| US5297688A (en) * | 1992-03-03 | 1994-03-29 | Creative Packaging Corp. | Closure for sealing a container rim |
| DE59406560D1 (en) * | 1993-12-23 | 1998-09-03 | Crown Cork Ag | Closure cap made of plastic material with early ventilating inner seal |
| IL112387A (en) * | 1994-02-01 | 1997-07-13 | Crown Cork Ag | Screwable closure cap with security against over- tightening |
| DE4425675C3 (en) * | 1994-07-20 | 2001-02-15 | Frank Schellenbach | Sealing cap |
| EP0810951B1 (en) * | 1995-02-21 | 1999-05-06 | Mcg Closures Limited | Self-centering container closure |
| WO1996031404A1 (en) * | 1995-04-05 | 1996-10-10 | Crown Cork & Seal Company, Inc. | Tamper evident bottle cap |
| DE29623290U1 (en) * | 1995-10-31 | 1998-02-19 | Safety Cap System AG, Steinhausen | Closure for a bottle or the like. |
-
1997
- 1997-02-14 DE DE19705717A patent/DE19705717A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1998
- 1998-01-29 BR BR9807364-8A patent/BR9807364A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-01-29 CZ CZ19992846A patent/CZ291781B6/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-01-29 DE DE19880115T patent/DE19880115D2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-01-29 TR TR1999/01960T patent/TR199901960T2/en unknown
- 1998-01-29 CA CA002281705A patent/CA2281705C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-01-29 RU RU99119483/13A patent/RU2182877C2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-01-29 US US09/367,443 patent/US6325226B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-01-29 PL PL98335256A patent/PL189578B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-01-29 CN CNB98803560XA patent/CN1166532C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-01-29 JP JP53521998A patent/JP2001511744A/en not_active Ceased
- 1998-01-29 UA UA99095070A patent/UA42884C2/en unknown
- 1998-01-29 HU HU0000612A patent/HUP0000612A3/en unknown
- 1998-01-29 WO PCT/DE1998/000266 patent/WO1998035881A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1998-01-29 RO RO99-00903A patent/RO117781B1/en unknown
- 1998-01-29 DE DE59801631T patent/DE59801631D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-01-29 ES ES98909299T patent/ES2162423T5/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-01-29 EP EP98909299A patent/EP0960054B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-01-29 AT AT98909299T patent/ATE206379T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-01-29 AU AU63907/98A patent/AU724859B2/en not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| RO117781B1 (en) | 2002-07-30 |
| TR199901960T2 (en) | 1999-12-21 |
| AU6390798A (en) | 1998-09-08 |
| WO1998035881A1 (en) | 1998-08-20 |
| JP2001511744A (en) | 2001-08-14 |
| AU724859B2 (en) | 2000-10-05 |
| EP0960054A1 (en) | 1999-12-01 |
| CN1251073A (en) | 2000-04-19 |
| ES2162423T3 (en) | 2001-12-16 |
| DE19880115D2 (en) | 2000-01-27 |
| PL335256A1 (en) | 2000-04-10 |
| ES2162423T5 (en) | 2005-09-01 |
| HUP0000612A3 (en) | 2000-10-30 |
| BR9807364A (en) | 2000-03-14 |
| CZ291781B6 (en) | 2003-05-14 |
| CA2281705C (en) | 2008-04-01 |
| UA42884C2 (en) | 2001-11-15 |
| DE59801631D1 (en) | 2001-11-08 |
| HUP0000612A2 (en) | 2000-07-28 |
| DE19705717A1 (en) | 1998-08-20 |
| EP0960054B1 (en) | 2001-10-04 |
| CN1166532C (en) | 2004-09-15 |
| US6325226B1 (en) | 2001-12-04 |
| CA2281705A1 (en) | 1998-08-20 |
| ATE206379T1 (en) | 2001-10-15 |
| PL189578B1 (en) | 2005-08-31 |
| RU2182877C2 (en) | 2002-05-27 |
| CZ9902846A3 (en) | 2001-02-14 |
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