EP0940168B1 - Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Einführung von Faserstoff in eine Substanz - Google Patents

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Einführung von Faserstoff in eine Substanz Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0940168B1
EP0940168B1 EP99301622A EP99301622A EP0940168B1 EP 0940168 B1 EP0940168 B1 EP 0940168B1 EP 99301622 A EP99301622 A EP 99301622A EP 99301622 A EP99301622 A EP 99301622A EP 0940168 B1 EP0940168 B1 EP 0940168B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fibrous material
substance
pellets
granules
textured
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP99301622A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0940168A2 (de
EP0940168A3 (de
Inventor
Robert Leaver
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
EXCEL INDUSTRIES Ltd
Excel Industries Ltd
Original Assignee
EXCEL INDUSTRIES Ltd
Excel Industries Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from GBGB9804782.2A external-priority patent/GB9804782D0/en
Application filed by EXCEL INDUSTRIES Ltd, Excel Industries Ltd filed Critical EXCEL INDUSTRIES Ltd
Publication of EP0940168A2 publication Critical patent/EP0940168A2/de
Publication of EP0940168A3 publication Critical patent/EP0940168A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0940168B1 publication Critical patent/EP0940168B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28C—PREPARING CLAY; PRODUCING MIXTURES CONTAINING CLAY OR CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28C5/00—Apparatus or methods for producing mixtures of cement with other substances, e.g. slurries, mortars, porous or fibrous compositions
    • B28C5/40—Mixing specially adapted for preparing mixtures containing fibres
    • B28C5/404—Pre-treatment of fibres

Definitions

  • This invention relates to methods and apparatus for the introduction of fibrous material into a substance or mixture.
  • the invention relates to such methods in which cellulose fibres, other organic fibres or mineral fibres are provided in pelletised form for subsequent addition to mixture of ingredients.
  • Cellulose or mineral fibre are commonly used to modify the rheological properties of liquid systems, including those based on cement and water, and those based on bitumen.
  • the fibres have a gelling or thickening effect on these systems which may include, for example, a cement-based tile adhesive or a bituminous road surfacing compound.
  • Cellulose and mineral fibre usage has increased partly due to the demise of asbestos fibre.
  • Cellulose fibre may be derived for example from recycled paper, timber, woodpulp, or various other agri-materials such as straw, flax.
  • Other organic fibres include, for example, polyester, polythene and polypropylene.
  • Mineral fibre is commonly made from glass, basaltic rock or steel slag.
  • Fibre is normally supplied in compressed bales which may be from 1 Kg to 400 Kg in weight.
  • bales may be added direct to a mixer.
  • the whole bale including polyethylene packaging
  • the plastic quickly dissolving into the hot liquid bitumen.
  • the fibre is emptied from the packaging direct into the mixer, or perhaps via a hopper and screw arrangement, possibly after a weighing operation to obtain the exact quantity required for a batch.
  • bales of fibre may be emptied into a pneumatic blowing machine and dosed gravimetrically or volumetrically into the mixer along a pipe which may be 25-150 mm in diameter for example.
  • This method lends itself to the use of bigger bales with consequent reductions in labour intensity, and also provides a solution to the environmental problems. However, it still falls short of true bulk handling.
  • the fibre may be pelletised, or granulated possibly by the fibre manufacturer, in a pelletising or granulating process in which small compressed pellets or granules are formed by extrusion, pressing or other available method.
  • an additive is used which lubricates this process and acts as a binder.
  • This additive may be bitumen, wax, oil or other suitable materials.
  • the pellets or granules lend themselves to true bulk handling. They can be delivered in bulk loads of up to 20 tonnes and blown into a silo in a similar method to that used for animal feed pellets for example.
  • pellets or granules can be screwed, conveyed, dosed or weighed as required in a fully automatic manner without labour costs.
  • the use of pellets or granules is very often not preferred because it is difficult to achieve an effective dispersion of the fibre due to the work required in the mixer to break up the hard-compressed pellets or granules into their constituent fibres.
  • the mixer is relied upon to achieve a fortuitous breakdown of the pellets or granules into dispersed fibre by shear, attrition and abrasion effected by the other components of the mix which may include stone aggregate for example, the mixer paddles themselves and possibly by the elevated temperature of the mixture causing the binder material if present to soften, or to diminish the binding effect.
  • Dispersion of fibre in this way is not what the mixer was designed to achieve and, therefore, it performs the task usually inefficiently. The result can be longer mixing times with consequent reduction in plant capacity and increased wear and tear and power consumption. Even then, dispersion may be incomplete resulting in non-homogeneous mixes and inconsistent thickening effect.
  • DE-4336403A discloses an arrangement for supplying reinforcement fibres to a concrete mixture.
  • the arrangement includes means for untangling tangled reinforcement fibres.
  • US-A-4092737 discloses an arrangement for disintegrating clumps of reinforcing steel fibres prior to introduction into a concrete mix.
  • the process also includes the novel step of refibreising the pellets or granules prior to addition to the mixture.
  • the method as a whole includes the innovative feature of temporarily reducing a fibrous material to a compact pelletised or granular state for storage, transport, handling and metering and thereafter returning it to an open-textured state prior to mixing.
  • this invention provides a method of producing a substantially uniform dispersion of fibrous material in a mixture, which comprises:
  • Said supply of pellets or granules may be obtained by pelletising or granulating at a pelletising or granulating station a fibrous base material by at least one of compaction and possibly binding of the fibres of the fibrous base material with said pelletised or granular base material thereafter being transported to a remote refibreising station for said refibreising.
  • Said fibrous material preferably comprises cellulose or other organic or mineral fibres or a mixture thereof.
  • Cellulose fibre may be derived from e.g. recycled paper, timber, woodpulp or various other agri-materials such as flax or straw.
  • Organic fibres may be of polyethylene, polyester, or polypropylene.
  • Mineral fibres may be derived from glass, basaltic rock or steel slag.
  • said refibreising is performed by means of one or more of grinding hammer-milling, disc-refining, pulverising and air impaction or other means of attrition.
  • the preferred objective is to separate the fibres by mechanical means without causing unnecessary damage to the fibres themselves.
  • the opening and re-fibreising of the material may continue after addition to the mixture, by the mixing action applied thereto.
  • Said mixture may comprise a wide range of different materials, but this method has been designed with particular reference to the addition of fibrous material into a liquid-based system to improve its rheological properties, for example those based on cement and water (e.g. a cement-based tile adhesive) and those based on bitumen (e.g. road-surfacing compounds).
  • fibrous material for example those based on cement and water (e.g. a cement-based tile adhesive) and those based on bitumen (e.g. road-surfacing compounds).
  • apparatus for the introduction of a generally open-textured fibrous material into a mixture comprising:-
  • the described embodiment implements a storage handling and metering system for fibrous materials.
  • fibrous material is initially rendered into compact pelletised or granulated form using generally conventional techniques, so that the material may be handled and transported relatively easily. Thereafter the pellets or granules are passed to a fibreising means which breaks down the pellets or granules so as to regenerate the open, 'fluffy' fibrous matrix from which the pellets or granules were made.
  • This fibrous matrix can then be passed to a mixer where it is readily dispersed in either the liquid or powder mixture without the need for excessive mixing.
  • the fibreiser consists of a system for inputting the pellets or granules, a method of 'opening' them to reconstitute the raw fibre, and an output system to discharge the fibre.
  • the method used to open the fibre can employ one of many available techniques including grinding, hammer-milling, disc refining, pulverising and air impaction. Different types of pellet or granules may be best handled by different of these various techniques and each application would need to be considered on its merits.
  • the throughput of the fibreiser can be controlled by air conveying, gravity, centrifugal forces or by a combination of methods.
  • the fibreiser is placed at a convenient point in the line between the storage hopper or silo for the pellets or granules, and the mixer to which they are to be added. Feed to the fibreiser can be by gravity, screw or belt conveyor or by pneumatic blowing for example, and the discharge into the mixer can equally employ one or more of these methods.
  • this shows a schematic arrangement for a typical process for making a mixture including dispersed fibre in accordance with this invention.
  • the process shown is that which might be used for the production of road asphalt although the invention could equally be applied to other mixtures which include a liquid component or to dry powder mixes.
  • Fibre pellets or granules 1 previously produced by extrusion, pressing etc. with or without a binder as required are delivered by a bulk vehicle 2 and blown pneumatically via a pipe 3 into a storage silo 4.
  • a screw conveyor 5 conveys the pellets as required. The pellets then fall by gravity through a fibreiser 6 into a mixer 9.
  • the fibreiser may employ one or more of the actions described above, thereby partially or fully opening the fibre pellets or granules to at least partially return them to an open matrix form whereby substantially uniform distribution of the constituent fibres throughout the mixture is assured.
  • different grade aggregates which are stored in the hoppers 7 are weighed into the weigh hopper 8 which also discharges into the mixer 9. Hot liquid bitumen is added and, on completion of mixing, the batch is dropped into a discharge chute 10, and travels along a conveyor 11 into a storage hopper 12, where it is held until it is required to be loaded into a lorry 13 for transport to the road construction site.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
  • Preparation Of Clay, And Manufacture Of Mixtures Containing Clay Or Cement (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Verfahren zum Herstellen einer im wesentlichen einheitlichen Dispersion von faserstoffartigem Werkstoff in einer Substanz, folgendes umfassend:
    Zurverfügungstellen oder Erhalten einer Quelle von Pellets oder Granulatpartikeln (1) von kompaktem, faserstoffartigem Werkstoff;
    Faserisieren der Pellets oder Granulatpartikel (1), um wenigstens einige der Pellets oder Granulatpartikel (1) zu einem faserstoffartigen Werkstoff mit relativ offener Oberflächenbeschaffenheit zu strecken; und
    Einführen des faserisierten, faserstoffartigen Werkstoffs mit offener Oberflächenbeschaffenheit in die Substanz und Mischen mit dieser.
  2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Quelle von Pellets oder Granulatpartikeln von kompaktem, faserstoffartigem Werkstoff durch Pelletisieren oder Granulieren eines faserstoffartigen Basiswerkstoffes in einer Pelletiserstation oder Granulierstation dadurch erhalten wird, daß die Fasern des faserstoffartigen Basiswerkstoffes mit den Pellets oder Granulatpartikeln wenigstens verdichtet und danach zu einer entfernten Faserisierstation (6) transportiert werden,
    Faserisieren des pelletisierten oder granulierten Basiswerkstoffes zum Wiederherstellen eines faserstoffartigen Werkstoffes mit relativ offener Oberflächenbeschaffenheit; und
    Einführen und Mischen des faserisierten faserstoffartigen Werkstoffes in die Substanz.
  3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Schritt des Pelletisierens oder Granulierens ein Binden der Fasern des faserstoffartigen Werkstoffes umfaßt.
  4. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der faserstoffartige Werkstoff Zellulose, andere organische Fasern oder Mineralfasern oder eine Mischung dieser umfaßt.
  5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Zellulosefasem aus Recyclingpapier, Nutzholz, Zellstoff, Flachs und/oder Stroh gewonnen werden.
  6. Verfahren nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Mineralfasern aus Glas, Basaltstein und/oder Stahlschlacke gewonnen werden.
  7. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Faserisieren mittels Mahlen, Hammermahlen, Tellerraffinieren, Pulverisieren und/oder Luftbeaufschlagung ausgeführt wird.
  8. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Substanz flüssigkeitsbasiert ist.
  9. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Substanz eine Mischung aus Zement und Wasser enthält.
  10. Verfahren nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Substanz einen bitumenbasierten Werkstoff enthält.
  11. Vorrichtung zum Einführen eines faserstoffartigen Werkstoffs mit im wesentlichen offener Oberflächenbeschaffenheit in eine Substanz, wobei die Vorrichtung folgendes umfaßt:
    Speichermittel (2, 4) zum Speichern einer Quelle von pelletisiertem oder granuliertem, kompaktem, faserstoffartigem Werkstoff (1);
    Faserisierungsmittel (6) zum Strecken des pelletisierten oder granulierten, kompakten, faserstoffartigen Werkstoffes in eine Form mit offener Oberflächenbeschaffenheit;
    Mittel (5) zum Zuliefern des pelletisierten oder granulierten, kompakten, faserstoffartigen Werkstoffes von dem Speichermittel (4) zu dem Faserisierungsmittel (6);
    Mittel (9) zum Fördern des gestreckten, die offene Oberflächenbeschaffenheit aufweisenden faserstoffartigen Werkstoffes von dem Faserisierungsmittel und zu dessen Einführen in die Substanz.
EP99301622A 1998-03-06 1999-03-04 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Einführung von Faserstoff in eine Substanz Expired - Lifetime EP0940168B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GBGB9804782.2A GB9804782D0 (en) 1998-03-06 1998-03-06 Methods and apparatus for the introduction of fibrous material into a fibrous mixture
GB9804782 1998-03-06
GB9902434 1999-02-04
GB9902434A GB2334902B (en) 1998-03-06 1999-02-04 Methods and apparatus for the introduction of fibrous material into a substance
US09/487,243 US6345777B1 (en) 1998-03-06 2000-01-20 Methods and apparatus for the introduction of fibrous material into a substance

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0940168A2 EP0940168A2 (de) 1999-09-08
EP0940168A3 EP0940168A3 (de) 2000-11-08
EP0940168B1 true EP0940168B1 (de) 2003-08-20

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99301622A Expired - Lifetime EP0940168B1 (de) 1998-03-06 1999-03-04 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Einführung von Faserstoff in eine Substanz

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Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117735905B (zh) * 2023-12-22 2024-06-04 济宁广进新型材料有限公司 一种井下煤矿建筑的高强度喷涂材料及其制备装置

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE419308B (sv) * 1975-08-11 1981-07-27 Bertil Raymond Sandell Sett att forbereda fibrer for inblandning i en betongmassa och anordning for genomforande av settet
SE447080B (sv) * 1984-06-15 1986-10-27 Vertex Int Ab Sett och anordning vid tillforsel av fibrer till en blandningsanordning
JPS62160639U (de) * 1986-03-31 1987-10-13
DE4336403A1 (de) * 1993-10-26 1995-04-27 Plettac Ag Vorrichtung für die Zuführung von Bewehrungsfasern

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EP0940168A2 (de) 1999-09-08
EP0940168A3 (de) 2000-11-08

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