EP0922165A1 - Inlet valve with a choke effect and multi-stage piston vacuum pump - Google Patents
Inlet valve with a choke effect and multi-stage piston vacuum pumpInfo
- Publication number
- EP0922165A1 EP0922165A1 EP97944768A EP97944768A EP0922165A1 EP 0922165 A1 EP0922165 A1 EP 0922165A1 EP 97944768 A EP97944768 A EP 97944768A EP 97944768 A EP97944768 A EP 97944768A EP 0922165 A1 EP0922165 A1 EP 0922165A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- vacuum pump
- pump according
- inlet
- piston
- outlet
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B25/00—Multi-stage pumps
- F04B25/02—Multi-stage pumps of stepped piston type
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B25/00—Multi-stage pumps
Definitions
- the invention relates to a vacuum pump with the features of the preamble of claim 1.
- a vacuum pump of this type designed as a piston pump is known from US-A-48 54 825.
- two cylindrical compression chambers of two of the four stepped cylinders are connected in parallel on the inlet side and form a first pump stage.
- the cylindrical compression chamber of a third cylinder forms the second stage of the pump.
- the annular compression chambers of the three cylinders, the cylindrical compression chambers of which form the first and second pump stages, are not equipped with inlets; they have no pump function.
- the cylindrical compression chamber of the fourth cylinder forms a third stage of the vacuum pump. Its outlet is directly connected to the outlet of the pump.
- the annular compression chamber of this stepped cylinder also has a pumping function; however, together with its inlet and outlet, it merely forms a bypass to the gases flowing directly from the third pump stage, ie that only a part of the gases emerging from the outlet of the third pump stage reaches the outlet of the pump via this annular compression chamber.
- This ring-shaped compression chamber does not form a real fourth pump stage.
- the present invention has for its object to easily avoid excess pressures arising in a vacuum pump due to the accumulation of large amounts of gas.
- a differential pressure controlled inlet valve of the type according to the invention is simple and robust. Constructional measures in the vacuum pump and / or a second outlet valve are not necessary.
- FIGS. 1 and 7 Further advantages and details of the invention will be explained on the basis of exemplary embodiments shown schematically in FIGS. 1 and 7.
- FIG. 1 shows an exemplary embodiment of a vacuum pump designed as a piston pump according to the invention
- FIG. 2 one of the cylinder-piston systems on the inlet side with an inlet valve controlled by differential pressure
- Figures 3 to 7 further embodiments for differential pressure controlled valves and
- Figure 8 is a diagram showing the pumping speed as a function of the inlet pressure.
- the piston vacuum pump 1 shown in Figure 1 comprises the housing 2, the inlet 3 and the outlet 4. Inside the housing are four cylinder-piston systems 11, 21, 31 and 41, which are essentially identical. They are arranged in pairs opposite one another - preferably in one plane - in such a way that their pistons can be driven via a common crankshaft 5.
- the drive motor is designated 6.
- the cylinder-piston system 11 has the cylinder 12 and the piston 13. Both are stepped so that they form a cylindrical compression chamber 14 and an annular compression chamber 15 in a manner known per se.
- the cylindrical compression chamber 14 has the inlet 16 and the outlet 17, the annular compression chamber 15 has the inlet 18 and the outlet 19.
- the inlets 16 and 18 are formed as annular grooves in the wall of the cylinder 12, so that the movement of the piston 13 causes the inlets to open and close.
- the outlets 17 and 19 are equipped with valves, not shown in detail.
- the cylinder-piston system 21, 31 and 41 are designed accordingly and provided with corresponding reference numerals.
- the inlet 3 via the line 51 - for example with the valve 52 - with the inlets 16, 18, 26, 28 of the compression chambers 14, 15, 24 and 25, which components of the piston-cylinder system Steme 11 and 21 are connected.
- the lines adjoining the outlets 17, 19, 27 and 29 of the compression chambers of the first stage all flow into line 55, which with the Inlets 36, 38 of the compression chambers 34, 35 are connected. These are components of the piston-cylinder system 31.
- the compression chambers 34, 35 which are also connected in parallel, form the second pump stage of the piston vacuum pump 1, indicated by the dash-dotted line 57.
- This compression chamber 44 forms the third pumping stage of the piston vacuum pump 1 (see dash-dotted line 61).
- the outlet 47 of the compression chamber 44 is connected via line 62 to the inlet 48 of the annular compression chamber 45, which is also part of the piston-cylinder system 41.
- the outlet 49 of the annular compression chamber 45 communicates with the outlet 4 of the piston vacuum pump 1.
- the compression chamber 45 forms the fourth pumping stage of the piston vacuum pump 1 (dashed line 63).
- a nozzle 64 is also indicated in FIG. 1, via which the compression space 45 is connected to the interior of the housing 2 of the pump 1.
- the size of the nozzle 64 is selected so that a negative pressure of a few hundred milibars is established in the housing 2.
- the requirements for the sealing quality of the gap between the pistons and the cylinders in their areas adjacent to the interior of the housing can thereby be further reduced.
- FIG. 2 again shows the piston-cylinder system 11 with its compression chambers 14 and 15.
- the inlets 16 and 18 of these chambers are (together with the inlets 26, 28 of the second piston-cylinder system 21) via the valve 52 with the inlet 3 of the vacuum pump in connection.
- the valve 52 fulfills the function of throttling the relatively large amounts of gas occurring in a first pumping phase or temporarily holding it back to such an extent that overpressures do not occur in the pump 1.
- the valve 52 has a chamber 65 with an inlet opening 66, an outlet opening 67 and a passage opening 72. At the level of the passage opening 72, the chamber is conical.
- a closure body 68 With the aid of two axially arranged springs, preferably compression springs 70 and 71, the closure body 68, which is spherical in shape on the outlet side, is guided against rotation. Without gas flow, the compression springs keep the breech in suspension.
- FIG. 3 shows a modification of the valve 52 according to FIG. 2.
- the closure body 68 is designed as a disk.
- a sealing ring 73 surrounding the opening 72 is assigned to its outer edge.
- valves 52 The following about the function of the valves 52 according to FIGS. 2 and 3:
- the approximately hemispherical closure body 68 according to FIG. 2 lies against the conical section of the chamber 65 (upper illustration of the valve 52 m in FIG. 2). 3, the disk 68 of the seal 73 rests.
- the passage openings 72 are each - except for the hole or opening 69 - closed. Only the gas passing through the bore or opening 69 gets into the pump 1.
- the suction capacity is throttled.
- the length and length of the bore or opening 69 are selected such that excess pressures m of the pump 1 do not occur.
- the closure body 68 lifts off its seat so that gases can flow around it.
- the flow cross section 72 in the area of the valve 52 increases drastically, so that the suction capacity of the pump 1 is no longer limited by the valve 52.
- the differential pressure at which the closure body 68 is lifted off its seat can be adjusted.
- FIGS. 4 to 7 show further variants for a pressure-dependent inlet valve 52.
- Elastic disks 74 to 77 are provided as closure bodies and are only attached to the housing at one point.
- the disks 74, 76 and 77 have central openings 78, 79 and 80, respectively.
- the disk 75 is assigned a constantly open bypass opening 81.
- the outer edges of the disks 74 to 77 are assigned seats 82 to 85 surrounding the passage cross section 72 and 72 ', respectively.
- the elastic valve disks are curved in the direction of the opening 66 such that they only fit their seats in the area of their attachment point. In their rest position, they essentially open the eternal passage opening 72 or 72 '.
- the disks 74 to 77 lie completely on their seats 82 to 85.
- the pumping speed is reduced in each case. It is determined by the size of the openings 78, 79, 80 m of the disks 74, 76, 77 and by the bypass opening 81 (in the embodiment of Figure 5). If the pressure decreases on the inlet side, the disks 74 to 77 lift off their seats 82 to 84 and each release their passage cross sections 72 or 72 '. The full pumping speed is then available.
- two valve systems 76, 84 and 77, 85 are arranged one behind the other.
- the opening 79 in the suction-side disk 76 is larger than the opening 80 in the outlet-side disk 77.
- FIG. 7 corresponds to the embodiment according to FIG. 5.
- a rigid disk 8 is provided. It is attached to the valve seat 83 with two substantially opposite points of the edge. The fastening points of the disk 88 are under the action of springs 89 and 90, in such a way that one of the springs (spring 89) acts in the closing direction and the other (spring 90) acts in the opening direction.
- FIG. 8 shows the course of the pumping speed S as a function of the pressure p for the solutions according to FIGS. 2 to 5 (solid curve 86) and for the solution according to FIG. 6 (dash-dotted curve 87), in which two valve systems 76, 83 and 77, 84 are arranged one behind the other.
- the pumping speed is low at high pressures (greater than p * ⁇ ).
- the closure bodies or disks 68, 74, 75 each release their passage openings 72.
- the pumping speed increases up to its maximum value.
- the valve disk 76 first releases its associated passage opening 72 at P2.
- the pumping speed increases to a value that is still in place through the opening 80 in the seat 85 thereof Disk 77 is determined. If the pressure continues to decrease to P3, the disk 76 also releases its passage opening 72 ', so that the suction capacity assumes its maximum value.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Compressors, Vaccum Pumps And Other Relevant Systems (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19634519A DE19634519A1 (en) | 1996-08-27 | 1996-08-27 | Piston vacuum pump with inlet and outlet |
DE19634519 | 1996-08-27 | ||
PCT/EP1997/004509 WO1998009079A1 (en) | 1996-08-27 | 1997-08-19 | Inlet valve with a choke effect and multi-stage piston vacuum pump |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0922165A1 true EP0922165A1 (en) | 1999-06-16 |
EP0922165B1 EP0922165B1 (en) | 2004-11-03 |
Family
ID=7803766
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP97936688A Expired - Lifetime EP0922163B1 (en) | 1996-08-27 | 1997-08-06 | Vacuum piston pump with an inlet and an outlet |
EP97944768A Expired - Lifetime EP0922165B1 (en) | 1996-08-27 | 1997-08-19 | Vacuum pump |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP97936688A Expired - Lifetime EP0922163B1 (en) | 1996-08-27 | 1997-08-06 | Vacuum piston pump with an inlet and an outlet |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (2) | EP0922163B1 (en) |
DE (3) | DE19634519A1 (en) |
WO (2) | WO1998009077A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19831123A1 (en) * | 1998-07-11 | 2000-01-13 | Pfeiffer Vacuum Gmbh | Gas ballast device for multi-stage positive displacement pumps |
DE19921711A1 (en) | 1999-05-12 | 2000-11-16 | Leybold Vakuum Gmbh | Piston vacuum pump has pistons mounted on and coupled to crankshaft so that complete or approximately complete balancing of oscillating inertial forces (first order forces) is achieved |
DE19926186A1 (en) * | 1999-06-09 | 2000-12-14 | Leybold Vakuum Gmbh | Piston vacuum pump with outlet valve |
DE19955688A1 (en) * | 1999-11-19 | 2001-05-23 | Leybold Vakuum Gmbh | Piston vacuum pump comprises a piston and a connecting rod which are joined to one another by means of an elastic unit |
DE19962445A1 (en) | 1999-12-22 | 2001-06-28 | Leybold Vakuum Gmbh | Dry compressing vacuum pump has gas ballast device with valve that only opens when difference between atmospheric pressure and pressure on pump side of valve exceeds set value |
DE10048210B4 (en) * | 2000-09-28 | 2007-02-15 | Singulus Technologies Ag | Device and method for introducing a workpiece via a Vorvakuumkammer in a high vacuum chamber and their use |
DE10127082A1 (en) * | 2001-06-02 | 2002-12-05 | Leybold Vakuum Gmbh | Multiple stage piston vacuum pump has pair of pistons defining multiple pumping stages with inlet and outlet valves |
Family Cites Families (18)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2032429A (en) * | 1934-07-26 | 1936-03-03 | Ingersoll Rand Co | Load controlling apparatus for compressors |
US2246932A (en) * | 1939-09-21 | 1941-06-24 | Chicago Pneumatic Tool Co | Combination single and two stage vacuum pump |
US2269620A (en) * | 1940-06-15 | 1942-01-13 | Chicago Pneumatic Tool Co | Compressor regulator |
US2765976A (en) * | 1952-03-14 | 1956-10-09 | Pennsylvania Pump & Compressor | Two stage compressor |
US3122162A (en) * | 1963-06-20 | 1964-02-25 | Asa D Sands | Flow control device |
DE1403963A1 (en) * | 1963-07-02 | 1968-11-21 | Kurt Braetsch | Compressor with at least three stages |
GB1089694A (en) * | 1964-02-24 | 1967-11-01 | J & E Hall Ltd | Improvements in or relating to gas and vapour compressors |
DE1910848A1 (en) * | 1969-03-04 | 1970-09-17 | Kurt Braetsch | compressor |
GB1258333A (en) * | 1968-04-08 | 1971-12-30 | ||
US4171188A (en) * | 1976-08-03 | 1979-10-16 | Chicago Pneumatic Tool Company | Rotary air compressors with intake valve control and lubrication system |
US4396345A (en) * | 1981-05-07 | 1983-08-02 | Ingersoll-Rand Company | Unloader valve having bypass valving means |
JPS58501474A (en) * | 1981-08-13 | 1983-09-01 | コモンウエルス サイエンテイフイツク アンド インダストリアルリサ−チ オ−ガニゼイシヨン | Reciprocating piston-cylinder device |
JPS6085280A (en) * | 1983-10-18 | 1985-05-14 | Shinku Kiko Kk | Counterflow preventer for diaphragm vacuum pump |
US4854825A (en) * | 1987-02-27 | 1989-08-08 | Commonwealth Scientific And Industrial Research Organization | Multi-stage vacuum pump |
JPH02102385A (en) * | 1988-10-08 | 1990-04-13 | Toyo Eng Corp | Gas exhaust system |
US5482443A (en) * | 1992-12-21 | 1996-01-09 | Commonwealth Scientific And Industrial Research Organization | Multistage vacuum pump |
JP3505233B2 (en) * | 1994-09-06 | 2004-03-08 | サンデン株式会社 | Compressor |
DE4432263C2 (en) * | 1994-09-10 | 1996-07-11 | Walterscheid Gmbh Gkn | Combination valve for suction-restricted hydraulic pumps |
-
1996
- 1996-08-27 DE DE19634519A patent/DE19634519A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1997
- 1997-08-06 WO PCT/EP1997/004282 patent/WO1998009077A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1997-08-06 EP EP97936688A patent/EP0922163B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-08-06 DE DE59705578T patent/DE59705578D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-08-19 EP EP97944768A patent/EP0922165B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-08-19 WO PCT/EP1997/004509 patent/WO1998009079A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1997-08-19 DE DE59712067T patent/DE59712067D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO9809079A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0922165B1 (en) | 2004-11-03 |
WO1998009077A1 (en) | 1998-03-05 |
EP0922163A1 (en) | 1999-06-16 |
DE59712067D1 (en) | 2004-12-09 |
EP0922163B1 (en) | 2001-11-28 |
DE19634519A1 (en) | 1998-03-05 |
DE59705578D1 (en) | 2002-01-10 |
WO1998009079A1 (en) | 1998-03-05 |
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