EP0919310B1 - Swaging machine - Google Patents
Swaging machine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0919310B1 EP0919310B1 EP97890225A EP97890225A EP0919310B1 EP 0919310 B1 EP0919310 B1 EP 0919310B1 EP 97890225 A EP97890225 A EP 97890225A EP 97890225 A EP97890225 A EP 97890225A EP 0919310 B1 EP0919310 B1 EP 0919310B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- forging
- box
- workpiece
- eccentric
- swaging machine
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J7/00—Hammers; Forging machines with hammers or die jaws acting by impact
- B21J7/02—Special design or construction
- B21J7/14—Forging machines working with several hammers
- B21J7/16—Forging machines working with several hammers in rotary arrangements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J7/00—Hammers; Forging machines with hammers or die jaws acting by impact
- B21J7/02—Special design or construction
- B21J7/14—Forging machines working with several hammers
- B21J7/145—Forging machines working with several hammers the hammers being driven by a rotating annular driving member
Definitions
- the invention relates to a circular kneading machine for round forging rod-shaped Workpieces with a rotating and driven in a machine frame ring-shaped forging box, which in radial recesses acting against each other and at the same time rotating the forging box Tool-equipped forging dies that can be moved by a stroke drive records (see e.g. DE-A-28 34 360).
- the rod-shaped workpiece is under pure longitudinal feed forged, which makes it because of the non-rotated workpiece is possible, the forging process with a continuous casting process and / or to combine in one rolling process, but this causes continuous forging of the axial deformation planes remaining fixed to the workpiece, forcibly increased zones Material stress in the overlap area of the forging tools what leads to material overheating and endangers the quality of the workpiece.
- Around Avoiding such zones of increased material stress must be done when forging of the rod-shaped workpiece for an angular displacement of the deformation planes per hammer blow, which relocation in continuous forging machines by means of a rotary feed applied in addition to the longitudinal feed and the workpiece is forged while rotating the workpiece.
- rotary kneading machines where the forging tools act simultaneously radially on the workpiece and relative to the workpiece circulate, which also results in an angular displacement of the planes of deformation.
- the known rotary kneaders have the workpiece in a ring shape surrounding forging box with radial guides for the inside of the workpiece-equipped Forging stamps, the roll-off tracks that are inflated on their outer end faces for pressurization using pressure rollers.
- the radial forged stamps the at the same time as the forging stroke, the forging box rotation is also forced follow, take the workpiece in the direction of rotation by friction during forming of the forging box, so that the workpiece via the forging tools a rotary movement is forced and the rotary kneading machines have so far not been forged allow under pure longitudinal feed of the workpiece. Even the well-known Circular kneading machines are therefore not directly related to Use continuous casting machines and / or rolling machines.
- the invention is therefore based on the object of a circular kneading machine at the outset to create described type that enables workpiece forming without workpiece rotation and the prerequisite for something that goes beyond conventional rotary kneading Round forging offers.
- the invention solves this problem in that the forging stamps in the recesses of the forging box is supported via swiveling longitudinal guides and the lifting movements of the forging ram swinging movements with a can be superimposed in a normal plane to the direction of motion lying in the direction of the passage are which oscillating movements the associated forging tools during the Workpiece contact with one of the angular speeds of the forging box rotation corresponding, but opposite angular velocity relative to the forging box swing back.
- the rotating movement of the forging box during the lifting movements the forging punch causes an angular displacement when the workpieces are forged the planes of deformation, so that no overuse of the Workpiece material is to be feared.
- the simultaneous, to the forging box rotation opposite oscillating movement of the forging tools also ensures that the forging tools at least while touching the workpiece Compensate forging box rotation and there is no relative rotation between workpiece and forging tools there.
- the workpiece cannot therefore be grounded occurring frictional forces are set into a rotary motion via the tools and there is actually a round forging without turning the Workpiece that remains subjected to a pure longitudinal feed.
- everyone can Advantages of forging with a non-rotating workpiece are fully exploited, in particular the forging can now be carried out immediately after a continuous casting process perform or combine directly with a rolling process. Let also when forging long rod material, especially smaller dimensions form loops between the individual work stations, which are a transmission of machining-related mass forces of the workpiece from one work station prevent on the other.
- a very useful design results when an eccentric drive is used as the lifting drive with the eccentric shafts assigned to the forging dies and stored in the forging box it is provided which forging stamp with a pivot bearing Head are connected to the corresponding eccentric like a connecting rod.
- the right on the eccentric forging stamps are due to the eccentric rotation a corresponding support by means of a longitudinal guide and swivel bearing both Lifting movement and subjected to an oscillating movement, so that at a suitable Adaptation of these movement components to the deformation process on the one hand and the forging box rotation on the other hand a common drive for the Lifting movement and the swinging movement are sufficient.
- Is an epicyclic gearbox for driving the eccentric shafts with one for the forging box coaxially mounted central wheel and each associated with the eccentric shafts the synchronous drive of all forging stamps is provided in a low-cost design guaranteed by the mutual offset of the eccentric eccentricities the stroke sequence of the individual forging stamps is also easily set can be.
- the Forge box recesses for at least two in a row Forging levels working forging stamps with the recesses of the one forging level opposite the recesses of the other forging level can be arranged offset in angle, so that the workpiece during the run can be forged in two or more stitches at the same time and also have a corresponding number of forged stamps arranged without space problems.
- the lifting movement is the forging punch an oscillatory movement superimposed, the direction of oscillation as the resultant from a direction of movement lying in a normal plane to the pass axis as a component and one lying in an axial plane to the pass axis Direction of movement composed as another component.
- the eccentric drive of the forging stamp can be easily reached Have eccentric shafts with axes crossing the through axis, so that the Forge stamp their swinging movement according to the normal planes to these Execute eccentric shaft axes.
- the blacksmith's box 3 has radial recesses 4 for receiving and acting against each other simultaneous forging box rotation stroke movable forging punch 5 on Equipped on the workpiece side with a forging tool 6 and on the side facing away from the workpiece Side equipped with a lift drive designed as an eccentric drive 7 are.
- the eccentric drive 7 comprises the forging dies 5 assigned in ring walls 8 of the forging box 3 mounted eccentric shafts 9 with eccentric 10 on which the forging stamp 5 by means of a connecting rod-like head 12 forming a pivot bearing 11 are scheduled.
- the forging dies 5 are guided in longitudinal guides 13, which are via pivot bearing 14 in the recesses 4 of the forging box 3 pivotally adjustable Support so that the eccentric 5 and thus at eccentric rotation the forging tools 6 a lifting movement radially to the pass axis A and at the same time a pivoting movement with a in a normal plane N to the pass axis A lying movement direction are forced.
- a planetary gear 15 from an on the outer circumference of the forging box 3 rotatable and, for example, via a pulley 16 drivably mounted central wheel 17 and each assigned to the eccentric shafts 9 Orbiting wheels 18 are provided.
- the stroke movement of the stamp 5 can be superimposed Specify oscillation movement with a resulting direction of oscillation, which results from a direction of movement lying in a normal plane to the pass axis and a movement direction lying in an axial plane to the pass axis, so that this axial movement component then has a conveying effect for the workpiece brings with it, but without imparting the unwanted tendency to turn to the workpiece.
- the eccentric 7 Forging punch 5 eccentric shafts 91 with axes crossing the through axis A. E1 have, so that for those sitting with their head 121 on the eccentric 101 Forging punch 5 an oscillation direction R normal to the eccentric shaft axes E1 results in an axis-normal motion component Rn and an axial motion component Ra can be divided, with the axis-normal motion component Rn has to balance the forging box rotation and the axial component of motion Ra remains usable for longitudinal workpiece conveying.
- the eccentric shaft axes E run of the eccentric shafts 92 parallel to the pass axis A, but for the head part 122 Forging punch 5 opposite to the continuous and eccentric shaft axes A, E Side guides 20 are provided, which in turn the swinging movement of the Forge stamp 5 in a vibration direction R, which from a normal movement component Rn and an axial movement component Ra results.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
- Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
- Preparation Of Clay, And Manufacture Of Mixtures Containing Clay Or Cement (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Rundknetmaschine zum Rundschmieden stangenförmiger Werkstücke, mit einem um die Durchlaufachse des Werkstückes dreh- und antreibbar in einem Maschinengestell gelagerten ringförmigen Schmiedekasten, der in radialen Ausnehmungen gegeneinander wirkende und bei gleichzeitiger Schmiedekastendrehung über einen Hubantrieb hubbewegbare werkzeugbestückte Schmiedestempel aufnimmt (siehe z.B. DE-A-28 34 360).The invention relates to a circular kneading machine for round forging rod-shaped Workpieces with a rotating and driven in a machine frame ring-shaped forging box, which in radial recesses acting against each other and at the same time rotating the forging box Tool-equipped forging dies that can be moved by a stroke drive records (see e.g. DE-A-28 34 360).
Mit üblichen Durchlaufschmiedemaschinen wird das stangenförmige Werkstück unter reinem Längsvorschub abgeschmiedet, wodurch es wegen des nicht gedrehten Werkstückes zwar möglich ist, den Schmiedevorgang mit einem Stranggußvorgang und/oder einem Walzvorgang zu kombinieren, doch bringt dieses Durchlaufschmieden auf Grund der werkstückfest verbleibenden axialen Verformungsebenen zwangsweise Zonen erhöhter Materialbeanspruchung im Überlappungsbereich der Schmiedewerkzeuge mit sich, was zu einer Materialüberhitzung führt und die Werkstückqualität gefährdet. Um solche Zonen erhöhter Materialbeanspruchung zu vermeiden, muß beim Abschmieden des stangenförmigen Werkstückes für eine Winkelverlagerung der Verformungsebenen pro Hammerschlag gesorgt werden, welche Verlagerung bei Durchlaufschmiedemaschinen durch einen zusätzlich zum Längsvorschub aufgebrachten Drehvorschub erfolgt und das Werkstück unter Werkstückdrehung abgeschmiedet wird. Diese Werkstückdrehung wiederum verhindert aber eine direkte Kombination des Schmiedevorganges mit einem Strangguß- und/oder Walzvorgang und als Voraussetzung für eine solche Kombination muß dann eine Zwischenlagerstelle für das Werkstück vorbereitet sein, wie dies in der EP 0 566 818 B vorgeschlagen ist. With conventional continuous forging machines, the rod-shaped workpiece is under pure longitudinal feed forged, which makes it because of the non-rotated workpiece is possible, the forging process with a continuous casting process and / or to combine in one rolling process, but this causes continuous forging of the axial deformation planes remaining fixed to the workpiece, forcibly increased zones Material stress in the overlap area of the forging tools what leads to material overheating and endangers the quality of the workpiece. Around Avoiding such zones of increased material stress must be done when forging of the rod-shaped workpiece for an angular displacement of the deformation planes per hammer blow, which relocation in continuous forging machines by means of a rotary feed applied in addition to the longitudinal feed and the workpiece is forged while rotating the workpiece. This workpiece rotation in turn, however, prevents a direct combination of the forging process with a continuous casting and / or rolling process and as a prerequisite for such a combination an intermediate storage location for the workpiece must then be prepared, such as this is proposed in EP 0 566 818 B.
Ein anderer Weg besteht im Einsatz von Rundknetmaschinen, bei denen die Schmiedewerkzeuge gleichzeitig radial auf das Werkstück einwirken und relativ zum Werkstück umlaufen, wodurch sich ebenfalls eine Winkelverlagerung der Verformungsebenen ergibt. Die bekannten Rundknetmaschinen weisen dazu einen ringförmig das Werkstück umgebenden Schmiedekasten mit Radialführungen für die innenseitig werkstückbestückten Schmiedestempel auf, die an ihren außenseitigen Stirnflächen überhöhte Abrollbahnen für eine Druckbeaufschlagung mittels Druckrollen bilden. Bei rotierendem Schmiedekasten kommt es zu einer Relativbewegung zwischen Druckrollen und Schmiedekasten und jedes Überrollen der Schmiedestempel bewirkt einen radial einwärts gerichteten Druckimpuls, der sich als Umformkraft auf die Schmiedewerkzeuge und somit auf das Werkstück überträgt. Die radial geführten Schmiedestempel, die gleichzeitig mit dem Schmiedehub zwangsweise auch der Schmiedekastendrehung folgen, nehmen durch Reibschluß während des Umformens das Werkstück in Drehrichtung des Schmiedekastens mit, so daß über die Schmiedewerkzeuge dem Werkstück eine Drehbewegung aufgezwungen wird und die Rundknetmaschinen bisher kein Abschmieden unter reinem Längsvorschub des Werkstückes erlauben. Auch die bekannten Rundknetmaschinen lassen sich demnach nicht unmittelbar im Zusammenhang mit Stranggießanlagen und/oder Walzanlagen einsetzen.Another way is to use rotary kneading machines, where the forging tools act simultaneously radially on the workpiece and relative to the workpiece circulate, which also results in an angular displacement of the planes of deformation. For this purpose, the known rotary kneaders have the workpiece in a ring shape surrounding forging box with radial guides for the inside of the workpiece-equipped Forging stamps, the roll-off tracks that are inflated on their outer end faces for pressurization using pressure rollers. With rotating Forging box there is a relative movement between pressure rollers and Forge box and every roll over of the forging stamp causes a radially inward directed pressure pulse, which acts as a forming force on the forging tools and thus transfers to the workpiece. The radial forged stamps, the at the same time as the forging stroke, the forging box rotation is also forced follow, take the workpiece in the direction of rotation by friction during forming of the forging box, so that the workpiece via the forging tools a rotary movement is forced and the rotary kneading machines have so far not been forged allow under pure longitudinal feed of the workpiece. Even the well-known Circular kneading machines are therefore not directly related to Use continuous casting machines and / or rolling machines.
Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Rundknetmaschine der eingangs geschilderten Art zu schaffen, die ein Werkstückumformen ohne Werkstückdrehung ermöglicht und die Voraussetzung für ein über das herkömmliche Rundkneten hinausgehendes Rundschmieden bietet.The invention is therefore based on the object of a circular kneading machine at the outset to create described type that enables workpiece forming without workpiece rotation and the prerequisite for something that goes beyond conventional rotary kneading Round forging offers.
Die Erfindung löst diese Aufgabe dadurch, daß die Schmiedestempel in den Ausnehmungen des Schmiedekastens über schwenkverstellbare Längsführungen abgestützt und den Hubbewegungen der Schmiedestempel Schwingbewegungen mit einer in einer Normalebene zur Durchlaufachse liegenden Bewegungsrichtung überlagerbar sind, welche Schwingbewegungen die zugehörenden Schmiedewerkzeuge während der Werkstückberührung mit einer der Wnkelgeschwindigkeit der Schmiedekastendrehung entsprechenden, aber gegensinnigen Winkelgeschwindigkeit relativ zum Schmiedekasten rückschwenken. Die Drehbewegung des Schmiedekastens während der Hubbewegungen der Schmiedestempel führt beim Abschmieden der Werkstücke zu einer Winkelverlagerung der Verformungsebenen, so daß keinerlei Überbeanspruchung des Werkstückmaterials zu befürchten ist. Die gleichzeitige, zur Schmiedekastendrehung gegensinnige Schwingbewegung der Schmiedewerkzeuge gewährleistet aber zusätzlich, daß die Schmiedewerkzeuge zumindest während der Werkstückberührung die Schmiedekastendrehung ausgleichen und es keine Relativdrehung zwischen Werkstück und Schmiedewerkzeugen gibt. Das Werkstück kann daher auch nicht auf Grund auftretender Reibungskräfte über die Werkzeuge in eine Drehbewegung versetzt werden und es kommt tatsächlich zu einem Rundschmieden ohne jedes Mitdrehen des Werkstückes, das einem reinen Längsvorschub unterworfen bleibt. Damit können alle Vorteile des Schmiedens bei nicht drehendem Werkstück voll genutzt werden, insbesondere läßt sich das Schmieden nun unmittelbar im Anschluß an einen Stranggießprozeß durchführen oder direkt mit einem Walzverfahren kombinieren. Außerdem lassen sich beim Schmieden von langem Stabmaterial vor allem kleinerer Dimensionen zwischen den einzelnen Arbeitsstationen Schlingen ausbilden, die eine Übertragung von bearbeitungsbedingten Massenkräften des Werkstückes von der einen Arbeitsstation auf die andere verhindern.The invention solves this problem in that the forging stamps in the recesses of the forging box is supported via swiveling longitudinal guides and the lifting movements of the forging ram swinging movements with a can be superimposed in a normal plane to the direction of motion lying in the direction of the passage are which oscillating movements the associated forging tools during the Workpiece contact with one of the angular speeds of the forging box rotation corresponding, but opposite angular velocity relative to the forging box swing back. The rotating movement of the forging box during the lifting movements the forging punch causes an angular displacement when the workpieces are forged the planes of deformation, so that no overuse of the Workpiece material is to be feared. The simultaneous, to the forging box rotation opposite oscillating movement of the forging tools also ensures that the forging tools at least while touching the workpiece Compensate forging box rotation and there is no relative rotation between workpiece and forging tools there. The workpiece cannot therefore be grounded occurring frictional forces are set into a rotary motion via the tools and there is actually a round forging without turning the Workpiece that remains subjected to a pure longitudinal feed. Everyone can Advantages of forging with a non-rotating workpiece are fully exploited, in particular the forging can now be carried out immediately after a continuous casting process perform or combine directly with a rolling process. Let also when forging long rod material, especially smaller dimensions form loops between the individual work stations, which are a transmission of machining-related mass forces of the workpiece from one work station prevent on the other.
Eine sehr zweckmäßige Konstruktion ergibt sich, wenn als Hubantrieb ein Exzenterantrieb mit den Schmiedestempeln zugeordneten, im Schmiedekasten gelagerten Exzenterwellen vorgesehen ist, welche Schmiedestempel mit einem ein Drehlager bildenden Kopf pleuelartig an den zugehörigen Exzentem angelenkt sind. Die direkt auf den Exzentem sitzenden Schmiedestempel werden auf Grund der Exzenterdrehung bei einer entsprechenden Abstützung mittels Längsführung und Schwenklager sowohl einer Hubbewegung als auch einer Schwingbewegung unterworfen, so daß bei einer geeigneten Anpassung dieser Bewegungskomponenten an den Verformungsvorgang einerseits und die Schmiedekastendrehung anderseits ein gemeinsamer Antrieb für die Hubbewegung und die Schwingbewegung genügt.A very useful design results when an eccentric drive is used as the lifting drive with the eccentric shafts assigned to the forging dies and stored in the forging box it is provided which forging stamp with a pivot bearing Head are connected to the corresponding eccentric like a connecting rod. The right on the eccentric forging stamps are due to the eccentric rotation a corresponding support by means of a longitudinal guide and swivel bearing both Lifting movement and subjected to an oscillating movement, so that at a suitable Adaptation of these movement components to the deformation process on the one hand and the forging box rotation on the other hand a common drive for the Lifting movement and the swinging movement are sufficient.
Ist zum Antrieb der Exzenterwellen ein Umlaufgetriebe mit einem zum Schmiedekasten koaxial gelagerten Zentralrad und jeweils den Exzenterwellen zugeordneten Umlaufrädem vorgesehen, ist bei aufwandsarmer Bauweise der synchrone Antrieb aller Schmiedestempel gewährleistet, wobei durch den gegenseitigen Wnkelversatz der ExzenterExzentrizitäten auch die Schlagfolge der einzelnen Schmiedestempel einfach eingestellt werden kann. Is an epicyclic gearbox for driving the eccentric shafts with one for the forging box coaxially mounted central wheel and each associated with the eccentric shafts the synchronous drive of all forging stamps is provided in a low-cost design guaranteed by the mutual offset of the eccentric eccentricities the stroke sequence of the individual forging stamps is also easily set can be.
Um hohe Querschnittsreduktionen beim Werkstückdurchlauf zu erreichen, weist der Schmiedekasten Ausnehmungen für wenigstens in zwei hintereinander liegenden Schmiedeebenen arbeitende Schmiedestempel auf, wobei die Ausnehmungen der einen Schmiedeebene gegenüber den Ausnehmungen der anderen Schmiedeebene winkelversetzt angeordnet sein können, so daß das Werkstück während des Durchlaufes gleichzeitig in zwei oder mehr Stichen geschmiedet werden kann und sich auch entsprechend viele Schmiedestempel ohne Platzprobleme anordnen lassen.In order to achieve high cross-sectional reductions in workpiece throughput, the Forge box recesses for at least two in a row Forging levels working forging stamps, with the recesses of the one forging level opposite the recesses of the other forging level can be arranged offset in angle, so that the workpiece during the run can be forged in two or more stitches at the same time and also have a corresponding number of forged stamps arranged without space problems.
Nach einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist der Hubbewegung der Schmiedestempel eine Schwingbewegung überlagerbar, deren Schwingrichtung als Resultierende sich aus einer in einer Normalebene zur Durchlaufachse liegenden Bewegungsrichtung als eine Komponente und einer in einer Axialebene zur Durchlaufachse liegenden Bewegungsrichtung als andere Komponente zusammensetzt. Damit ist es möglich, die achsnormale Bewegungskomponente zum Drehausgleich der Maschinenkastendrehung für ein nicht mitdrehendes Werkstück zu nützen, die axiale Bewegungskomponente aber zusätzlich für einen Fördereffekt in Durchlaufrichtung heranzuziehen, was beispielsweise auch das einwandfreie Rundschmieden bei größeren Durchlaufgeschwindigkeiten erlaubt und den Aufwand für die Längsvorschubeinrichtungen zu senken hilft.According to a further embodiment of the invention, the lifting movement is the forging punch an oscillatory movement superimposed, the direction of oscillation as the resultant from a direction of movement lying in a normal plane to the pass axis as a component and one lying in an axial plane to the pass axis Direction of movement composed as another component. So it is possible the axis-normal motion component for rotational compensation of the machine box rotation for a non-rotating workpiece, the axial movement component but additionally to use for a conveying effect in the direction of flow what for example, perfect round forging at higher throughput speeds allowed and to reduce the effort for the longitudinal feed devices helps.
Um eine solche schräg ausgerichtete Schwingrichtung der Schwingbewegung auf konstruktiv einfache Weise zu erreichen, kann der Exzenterantrieb der Schmiedestempel Exzenterwellen mit die Durchlaufachse kreuzenden Achsen aufweisen, so daß die Schmiedestempel ihre Schwingbewegung entsprechend den Normalebenen zu diesen Exzenterwellenachsen ausführen.To construct such an obliquely oriented swinging direction of the swinging movement The eccentric drive of the forging stamp can be easily reached Have eccentric shafts with axes crossing the through axis, so that the Forge stamp their swinging movement according to the normal planes to these Execute eccentric shaft axes.
Eine weitere Möglichkeit zur schräg ausgerichteten Schmiedestempelschwingung ergibt sich dadurch, daß für den Kopf der Schmiedestempel gegenüber den zueinander parallelen Durchlauf- und Exzenterwellenachsen schrägverlaufende Seitenführungen vorgesehen sind, was ebenfalls zu einer Schwingbewegung mit einer Normal- und einer Axialkomponente führt.Another possibility for obliquely aligned forging punch vibration results differs in that for the head the forge stamp compared to the parallel one Continuous and eccentric shaft axes are provided with inclined side guides are also a swinging motion with a normal and a Axial component leads.
In der Zeichnung ist der Erfindungsgegenstand beispielsweise veranschaulicht, und zwar zeigen
- Fig. 1 und 2
- eine erfindungsgemäße Rundknetmaschine im Querschnitt nach der Linie 1-1 der Fig. 2 bzw. im Axialschnitt nach der Linie II-II der Fig. 1 und die
- Fig. 3 und 4
- jeweils ein abgeändertes Ausführungsbeispiel für den Hubantrieb der Schmiedestempel in einer schematischen Draufsicht.
- 1 and 2
- a circular kneading machine according to the invention in cross section along the line 1-1 of FIG. 2 or in axial section along the line II-II of FIG. 1 and
- 3 and 4
- each a modified embodiment for the lifting drive of the forging stamp in a schematic plan view.
Eine Rundknetmaschine 1 zum Rundschmieden stangenförmiger Werkstücke W besteht
aus einem Maschinengestell 2, in dem ein ringförmiger Schmiedekasten 3 um die
Durchlaufachse A des Werkstückes W dreh- und antreibbar lagert. Der Schmiedekasten
3 weist radiale Ausnehmungen 4 zur Aufnahme gegeneinander wirkender und bei
gleichzeitiger Schmiedekastendrehung hubbewegbarer Schmiedestempel 5 auf, die
werkstückseitig mit einem Schmiedewerkzeug 6 bestückt und an der werkstückabgewandten
Seite mit einem als Exzenterantrieb 7 ausgebildeten Hubantrieb ausgestattet
sind. Der Exzenterantrieb 7 umfaßt den Schmiedestempeln 5 zugeordnete, in Ringwänden
8 des Schmiedekastens 3 gelagerte Exzenterwellen 9 mit Exzentem 10, auf denen
die Schmiedestempel 5 mittels eines ein Drehlager 11 bildenden Kopfes 12 pleuelartig
angesetzt sind. Die Schmiedestempel 5 werden in Längsführungen 13 geführt, die sich
über Schwenklager 14 in den Ausnehmungen 4 des Schmiedekastens 3 schwenkverstellbar
abstützen, so daß bei Exzenterdrehung den Schmiedestempeln 5 und damit
den Schmiedewerkzeugen 6 eine Hubbewegung radial zur Durchlaufachse A und
gleichzeitig eine Schwenkbewegung mit einer in einer Normalebene N zur Durchlaufachse
A liegenden Bewegungsrichtung aufgezwungen werden.A
Zum Antrieb der Exzenterwellen 9 ist ein Umlaufgetriebe 15 aus einem am Außenumfang
des Schmiedekastens 3 drehbar und beispielsweise über eine Riemenscheibe 16
antreibbar gelagerten Zentralrad 17 und jeweils den Exzenterwellen 9 zugeordneten
Umlaufrädern 18 vorgesehen.To drive the
Wird nun beim Rundschmieden eines Werkstückes W, das sowohl ein Stabmaterial als
auch ein Rohrmaterial sein kann, der Schmiedekasten 3 über seinen lediglich mit einem
Antriebsrad 19 angedeuteten Antrieb in Drehung versetzt, um das nur einem Längsvorschub
in Durchlaufrichtung unterworfene Werkstück W bei ständiger Verlagerung der
Verformungsebenen ohne Gefahr von Materialüberbeanspruchungen umformen zu können,
kommt es gleichzeitig auf Grund des Exzenterantriebes 7 zu einer Hubbewegung
der Schmiedestempel 5 und damit zum Schmiedehub der Schmiedewerkzeuge 6,
welcher Hubbewegung aber die Schwingbewegung der Schmiedestempel überlagert ist.
Verlaufen die Exzenterwellenachsen E parallel zur Durchlaufachse A (Fig. 2), dann
entspricht die Schwingrichtung einer in einer Normalebene N liegenden Bewegungsrichtung
und durch eine geeignete Anpassung des Exzenterantriebes läßt sich dabei
die Schwingbewegung so einstellen, daß die Schmiedewerkzeuge 6 während der Werkstückberührung
mit einer Winkelgeschwindigkeit gegenüber dem Schmiedekasten 3
rückgeschwungen werden, die der Winkelgeschwindigkeit des Schmiedekastens selbst
entspricht, und es zu keiner Relatiwerdrehung zwischen Schmiedewerkzeugen 6 und
Werkstück W kommt und das Werkstück W ohne jede Eigendrehung rundgeschmiedet
wird.Now when forging a workpiece W, which is both a rod material and
can also be a tube material, the forging
Wie im Ausführungsbeispiel nach Fig. 1 und 2 angedeutet, gibt es zur Erhöhung der
Querschnittsreduktion zwei Schmiedeebenen I, II, wozu der Schmiedekasten 3 zwei
Kränze von gegeneinander auf Lücke versetzten Ausnehmungen 4 für die diesen beiden
Schmiedeebenen I, II zugeordneten Schmiedestempel 5 aufweist. Selbstverständlich
wäre es aber auch möglich, die Rundknetmaschine 1 nur mit einer Schmiedeebene
auszustatten.As indicated in the embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 2, there is to increase the
Cross-section reduction two forging levels I, II, for which the forging
Um durch die Schwingbewegung der Schmiedestempel 5 nicht nur die Drehbewegung
des Schmiedekastens 3 während der Werkstückberührung der Werkzeuge 6 auszugleichen,
sondern diese Schwingbewegung auch für eine Längsförderung des Werkstückes
W nutzen zu können, läßt sich die der Hubbewegung der Stempel 5 überlagerbare
Schwingbewegung mit einer resultierenden Schwingrichtung vorgeben, die sich aus
einer in einer Normalebene zur Durchlaufachse liegenden Bewegungsrichtung und
einer in einer Axialebene zur Durchlaufachse liegenden Bewegungsrichtung zusammensetzt,
so daß diese Axialbewegungskomponente dann einen Fördereffekt für das Werkstück
mit sich bringt, ohne aber dem Werkstück die unerwünschte Drehtendenz zu vermitteln.To not only the rotary movement by the swinging movement of the forging
Um dies zu erreichen, kann, wie in Fig. 3 angedeutet, der Exzenterantrieb 7 der
Schmiedestempel 5 Exzenterwellen 91 mit die Durchlaufachse A kreuzenden Achsen
E1 aufweisen, so daß sich für die mit ihrem Kopf 121 auf den Exzentern 101 sitzenden
Schmiedestempel 5 eine Schwingrichtung R normal zu den Exzenterwellenachsen E1
ergibt, die sich in eine achsnormale Bewegungskomponente Rn und eine axiale Bewegungskomponente
Ra aufteilen läßt, wobei die achsnormale Bewegungskomponente
Rn die Schmiedekastendrehung auszugleichen hat und die axiale Bewegungskomponente
Ra zur Werkstücklängsförderung nutzbar bleibt.To achieve this, as indicated in Fig. 3, the eccentric 7
Forging
Gemäß dem Ausführungsbeispiel nach Fig. 4 verlaufen die Exzenterwellenachsen E
der Exzenterwellen 92 parallel zur Durchlaufachse A, doch sind für den Kopfteil 122 der
Schmiedestempel 5 gegenüber den Durchlauf- und Exzenterwellenachsen A, E schrägverlaufende
Seitenführungen 20 vorgesehen, die wiederum die Schwingbewegung der
Schmiedestempel 5 in eine Schwingrichtung R zwingen, die aus einer normalen Bewegungskomponente
Rn und einer axialen Bewegungskomponente Ra resultiert.According to the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 4, the eccentric shaft axes E run
of the
Claims (8)
- A rotary swaging machine (1) for rotary forging ofn rod-like workpieces (W) comprising an annular forging box (3) mounted in a machine frame (2) so as to be rotatable and drivable around the through-feed axis (A) of the workpiece (W), the forging box receiving forging dies co-operating in radial recesses (4), fitted with a workpiece and movable in a stroke by a drive (7) with simultaneous rotation of the forging box, characterised in that the forging dies (5) are mounted in the recesses (4) of the forging box (3) via longitudinal guides (13) adjustable by pivoting in a plane (N) at right angles to the through-feed axis (A) and the stroke movements of the forging dies (5) are overlaid by vibration in a direction in a plane (N) at right angles to the through-feed axis (A), the vibration during contact with the workpiece rotating the associated forging tools (6) at an angular speed corresponding to the angular speed of rotation of the forging box but in the opposite direction to the forging box (13).
- A rotary swaging machine according to claim 1, characterised in that the stroke drive is an eccentric drive (7) comprising eccentric shafts (9) associated with the forging dies (5) and disposed in the forging box (3), the forging dies (5) being pivoted like a connecting rod to the associated eccentric (10) via a head (12) forming a rotary bearing (11).
- A rotary swaging machine according to claim 2, characterised in that the eccentric shafts (9) are driven by a common planet gear (15) comprising a central wheel (17) mounted coaxially with the forging box (3) and planet wheels (18) associated with the respective eccentric shafts (9).
- A rotary swaging machine according to any of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the forging box (3) has recesses (4) for forging dies (5) operating in at least two planes (I, II) disposed one behind the other.
- A rotary swaging machine according to claim 4, characterised in that the recesses (4) in one forging plane (I) are offset at an angle relative to the recesses (4) in the other forging plane (II).
- A rotary swaging machine according to any of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the stroke movement of the forging dies (5) is overlaid by vibration in a direction (R) which is the resultant of a first component, i.e. a direction of motion (Rn) in a plane (N) at right angles to the through-feed axis (A) and a second component, i.e. a direction of motion (Ra) in an axial plane relative to the through-feed axis (A).
- A rotary swaging machine according to any of claim 2 to 5 and 6, characterised in that the eccentric drive (7) of the forging dies (5) comprises eccentric shafts (91) having axes (El) intersecting the through-feed axis (A).
- A rotary swaging machine according to any of claims 2 to 5 and 6, characterised in that lateral guides (20) are provided for the head (122) of the forging dies (5) and extend at an angle relative to the through-feed axis (A) and the axis (E) of the eccentric shafts, which extend parallel to one another.
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP97890225A EP0919310B1 (en) | 1997-11-13 | 1997-11-13 | Swaging machine |
DE59703151T DE59703151D1 (en) | 1997-11-13 | 1997-11-13 | Rotary kneading machine |
AT97890225T ATE199668T1 (en) | 1997-11-13 | 1997-11-13 | ROTARY KNEADING MACHINE |
ES97890225T ES2155985T3 (en) | 1997-11-13 | 1997-11-13 | ROTATING RECALLING MACHINE. |
US09/187,668 US6070446A (en) | 1997-11-13 | 1998-11-06 | Swaging machine |
JP10319133A JPH11216533A (en) | 1997-11-13 | 1998-11-10 | Orbicular kneading machine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP97890225A EP0919310B1 (en) | 1997-11-13 | 1997-11-13 | Swaging machine |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0919310A1 EP0919310A1 (en) | 1999-06-02 |
EP0919310B1 true EP0919310B1 (en) | 2001-03-14 |
Family
ID=8231124
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP97890225A Expired - Lifetime EP0919310B1 (en) | 1997-11-13 | 1997-11-13 | Swaging machine |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6070446A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0919310B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPH11216533A (en) |
AT (1) | ATE199668T1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE59703151D1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2155985T3 (en) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102004014705A1 (en) * | 2004-03-25 | 2005-10-13 | Otto Bihler Handels-Beteiligungs-Gmbh | Production of a final contour of a tool such as a hexagon socket screw driver on an elongated material comprises producing the final contour in a non-cutting manner using a stamping process |
DE19955323B4 (en) * | 1999-11-17 | 2007-11-29 | Volkswagen Ag | Rotary swaging machine with slide-mounted tool arrangement |
DE19955321B4 (en) * | 1999-11-17 | 2008-02-07 | Volkswagen Ag | Rotary swaging machine with hydraulic force compensation |
DE19952229B4 (en) * | 1999-10-29 | 2008-02-07 | Volkswagen Ag | swaging machine |
DE19954210B4 (en) * | 1999-11-11 | 2008-04-03 | Volkswagen Ag | swaging machine |
Families Citing this family (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6993953B2 (en) * | 2003-02-04 | 2006-02-07 | Interface Associates, Inc. | Swaging die and method of use |
US7010953B2 (en) * | 2003-02-04 | 2006-03-14 | Interface Associates, Inc. | Swaging machine and method of use |
DE10341716B4 (en) * | 2003-03-25 | 2009-12-24 | Forschungsgesellschaft Umformtechnik Mbh | Device for the radial forming of rod, tube or wire-shaped workpieces |
US7942847B2 (en) | 2005-12-16 | 2011-05-17 | Interface Associates, Inc. | Multi-layer balloons for medical applications and methods for manufacturing the same |
DE102009042441A1 (en) * | 2009-09-22 | 2011-03-31 | Otto Bihler Handels-Beteiligungs-Gmbh | Ring press with torque motor |
CN105328100B (en) * | 2015-12-01 | 2017-08-01 | 西北有色金属研究院 | Swage mechanism and the processing unit (plant) of swaging of thin-walled overlength diameter metal bar and tubing |
DE102016100599B4 (en) * | 2016-01-14 | 2018-05-17 | Sms Group Gmbh | Forging machine and forging process |
US11203053B2 (en) * | 2019-10-03 | 2021-12-21 | Shyam Newar | Peripheral combination hydraulic press to forge and method of manufacturing thereof |
CN115608909B (en) * | 2022-12-19 | 2023-04-07 | 江苏亿林利达新能源科技有限公司 | Electric balance vehicle hub forming hammering forging device and forging method |
Family Cites Families (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2388643A (en) * | 1943-01-02 | 1945-11-06 | Bliss E W Co | Apparatus for swaging tubular blanks |
AT207202B (en) * | 1959-01-08 | 1960-01-25 | Fertigungstechnik U Maschb Ges | Forging machine |
AT276009B (en) * | 1968-05-03 | 1969-11-10 | Ges Fertigungstechnik & Maschb | Device for continuous stretch forging |
DE1804781A1 (en) * | 1968-10-24 | 1970-08-20 | Kieserling & Albrecht | Rotary swaging machine |
AT289512B (en) * | 1969-02-25 | 1971-04-26 | H C Bruno Dipl Ing D Kralowetz | Forging machine for continuous stretch forging of rod-shaped or strand-shaped workpieces |
SU695756A1 (en) * | 1977-09-26 | 1979-11-05 | Burakovskij Valerij N | Radial-forging machine |
DE2834360C3 (en) * | 1978-08-04 | 1981-03-19 | Fritz Werner Industrie-Ausrüstungen GmbH, 6222 Geisenheim | Positioning device for the kneading mechanism of a rotary kneading machine in ring type |
AT370351B (en) * | 1981-11-16 | 1983-03-25 | Gfm Fertigungstechnik | FORGING MACHINE |
EP0566818B1 (en) * | 1992-04-21 | 1996-06-12 | GFM Gesellschaft für Fertigungstechnik und Maschinenbau Gesellschaft m.b.H. | Forging machine for making bar-shaped workpieces or the like |
RU2008994C1 (en) * | 1992-06-04 | 1994-03-15 | Тюрин Валерий Александрович | Method for radial hammering |
-
1997
- 1997-11-13 EP EP97890225A patent/EP0919310B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-11-13 DE DE59703151T patent/DE59703151D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-11-13 ES ES97890225T patent/ES2155985T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-11-13 AT AT97890225T patent/ATE199668T1/en active
-
1998
- 1998-11-06 US US09/187,668 patent/US6070446A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-11-10 JP JP10319133A patent/JPH11216533A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19952229B4 (en) * | 1999-10-29 | 2008-02-07 | Volkswagen Ag | swaging machine |
DE19954210B4 (en) * | 1999-11-11 | 2008-04-03 | Volkswagen Ag | swaging machine |
DE19955323B4 (en) * | 1999-11-17 | 2007-11-29 | Volkswagen Ag | Rotary swaging machine with slide-mounted tool arrangement |
DE19955321B4 (en) * | 1999-11-17 | 2008-02-07 | Volkswagen Ag | Rotary swaging machine with hydraulic force compensation |
DE102004014705A1 (en) * | 2004-03-25 | 2005-10-13 | Otto Bihler Handels-Beteiligungs-Gmbh | Production of a final contour of a tool such as a hexagon socket screw driver on an elongated material comprises producing the final contour in a non-cutting manner using a stamping process |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0919310A1 (en) | 1999-06-02 |
JPH11216533A (en) | 1999-08-10 |
US6070446A (en) | 2000-06-06 |
ATE199668T1 (en) | 2001-03-15 |
DE59703151D1 (en) | 2001-04-19 |
ES2155985T3 (en) | 2001-06-01 |
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