EP0918154A2 - Cylinder head for an internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Cylinder head for an internal combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0918154A2
EP0918154A2 EP98122007A EP98122007A EP0918154A2 EP 0918154 A2 EP0918154 A2 EP 0918154A2 EP 98122007 A EP98122007 A EP 98122007A EP 98122007 A EP98122007 A EP 98122007A EP 0918154 A2 EP0918154 A2 EP 0918154A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cylinder head
oil
camshaft
bearing block
internal combustion
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP98122007A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0918154B1 (en
EP0918154A3 (en
Inventor
Masahiro c/o Yamaha Hatsudoki K. K. Uchida
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Yamaha Motor Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Yamaha Motor Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Yamaha Motor Co Ltd filed Critical Yamaha Motor Co Ltd
Publication of EP0918154A2 publication Critical patent/EP0918154A2/en
Publication of EP0918154A3 publication Critical patent/EP0918154A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0918154B1 publication Critical patent/EP0918154B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/02—Valve drive
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/02—Valve drive
    • F01L1/022—Chain drive
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/02—Valve drive
    • F01L1/04—Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
    • F01L1/047—Camshafts
    • F01L1/053—Camshafts overhead type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/34—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/34—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift
    • F01L1/344—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear
    • F01L1/34403—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear using helically teethed sleeve or gear moving axially between crankshaft and camshaft
    • F01L1/34406—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear using helically teethed sleeve or gear moving axially between crankshaft and camshaft the helically teethed sleeve being located in the camshaft driving pulley
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M9/00—Lubrication means having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01M1/00 - F01M7/00
    • F01M9/10—Lubrication of valve gear or auxiliaries
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
    • F02F1/26—Cylinder heads having cooling means
    • F02F1/36—Cylinder heads having cooling means for liquid cooling
    • F02F1/38—Cylinder heads having cooling means for liquid cooling the cylinder heads being of overhead valve type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/02—Valve drive
    • F01L1/04—Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
    • F01L1/047—Camshafts
    • F01L2001/0475—Hollow camshafts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/02—Valve drive
    • F01L1/04—Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
    • F01L1/047—Camshafts
    • F01L1/053—Camshafts overhead type
    • F01L2001/0537—Double overhead camshafts [DOHC]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/34—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift
    • F01L1/344—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear
    • F01L1/3442—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear using hydraulic chambers with variable volume to transmit the rotating force
    • F01L2001/34423—Details relating to the hydraulic feeding circuit
    • F01L2001/34426—Oil control valves
    • F01L2001/34433—Location oil control valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/34—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift
    • F01L1/344—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear
    • F01L1/3442—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear using hydraulic chambers with variable volume to transmit the rotating force
    • F01L2001/34423—Details relating to the hydraulic feeding circuit
    • F01L2001/34436—Features or method for avoiding malfunction due to foreign matters in oil
    • F01L2001/3444—Oil filters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/34—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift
    • F01L1/344—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear
    • F01L2001/34486—Location and number of the means for changing the angular relationship
    • F01L2001/34496—Two phasers on different camshafts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B2275/00—Other engines, components or details, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F02B2275/18—DOHC [Double overhead camshaft]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
    • F02F2001/244—Arrangement of valve stems in cylinder heads
    • F02F2001/245—Arrangement of valve stems in cylinder heads the valve stems being orientated at an angle with the cylinder axis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F7/00—Casings, e.g. crankcases or frames
    • F02F7/006—Camshaft or pushrod housings
    • F02F2007/0063—Head bolts; Arrangements of cylinder head bolts

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a cylinder head for an internal combustion engine.
  • adjustable valve timing control the internal EGR rate by controlling the intake valves and the exhaust valves in the direction a larger overlap to increase fuel consumption like also to reduce NOx emissions or to reduce pumping losses and thus fuel consumption by later closing the intake and exhaust valves to reduce.
  • the camshaft 105 is in one piece mounted on the cylinder head base 101 molded bearing web 101a, which with the oil paths 136, 137 for the supply of oil (control oil) from a control valve 150 to an adjustable valve timing control device and with oil path 138 for the oil supply (lubricating oil) of the other, the camshaft 105 bearing ridges is provided, so that the bearing bar 101a wide, and the overhang of the variable valve control device 110 from the cylinder head bolt 109 is large, which leads to the problem that the motor as a whole got longer and bigger.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to provide a cylinder head for a Internal combustion engine, which is a shorter and therefore smaller design the internal combustion engine enables.
  • a cylinder head for an internal combustion engine with a cylinder head base body, a camshaft, a fastening element for coupling the cylinder head base body with a cylinder block, and a bearing block for storing a section the camshaft, which is formed separately from the cylinder head base body, wherein the bearing block is attached to the cylinder head base body and in attached condition seen in cross section the fastening member overlaps.
  • the invention thereby causes that one end of the camshaft from the is stored in the existing bearing block separate from the cylinder head, whereby the block is mounted in the cylinder head so that it can be seen in cross section
  • Fastening element for example a cap screw
  • the motor overlaps that the internal combustion engine, hereinafter also referred to as the motor, with a shorter overall length can be.
  • An adjustable valve timing control device is preferably at one end of the camshaft (5, 6) (10, 20) arranged. This can make the size of a Overhang L of the adjustable valve timing device from the fastener of the cylinder head is reduced by exactly the amount of this overlap are so that the motor is constructed smaller with a reduced overall length can be.
  • Control valves are mounted and the control valves looped into them Oil paths formed collectively on the bearing block. This will the training of the oil ways and the number of work steps for processing of the cylinder head is reduced, so that labor and time are saved can be.
  • the bearing block is included preferably two pins positioned in the cylinder head base, wherein the bearing block together with a camshaft cap by means of a Camshaft cap mounting bolt attached to the cylinder head base body This allows the bearing block to be mounted exactly in the cylinder head, without this leading to a larger increase in the number of parts.
  • the internal combustion engine from which the invention is based acts is a multi-cylinder four-stroke engine, the cylinder head base body 1 per cylinder via the openings 3 for two intake valves and has two exhaust valves, being in the middle of the area between them Intake valve bores 2 and exhaust valve bores 3 spark plug bores 4 are formed. They are also located on the top of the Cylinder head 1 between the two inlet valve bores and the two exhaust valve bores, the bearing sections 1a and 1b, which the in 2 shown intake camshaft 5 and exhaust camshaft 6 to store.
  • Exhaust valve bores 3 sit the inlet valves, not shown, respectively Exhaust valves, while in the candle holes 4, not shown Spark plugs are screwed in so that their electrodes are in the cylinder head protrude, not shown, combustion chamber of each cylinder.
  • the motor embodying the embodiment as shown in Fig. 2 has each at one end of the intake camshaft 5 and the Exhaust camshaft 6, the adjustable valve timing control device 10, respectively. 20; by this adjustable valve timing control device 10 respectively. 20 becomes the time control the opening / closing of the inlet or not shown.
  • Exhaust valves optimally adapted to the operating state of the engine or regulated.
  • the cylinder head is right and left (in the figure above and below) at the top of the forehead on the side where the adjustable Valve timing device 10, 20 is mounted with two flat mounting surfaces 1c, each mounting surface 1c with two internal threads 7 and the pin holes 8 is provided.
  • intake camshaft 5 and exhaust camshaft 6 are each on the end at which you can adjust the valve timing 10, 20 are provided, through which, formed in block 32 bearing portions 32a, 32b freely rotatable, its upper half by the on the top of Block 32 mounted camshaft cap 33 is supported while the bearing block 32 is positioned by the pins 34 (see. Fig. 3 and 4), which in the Bores 8, which are in the respective mounting surfaces 1c of the cylinder head 1 are formed, according to FIG.
  • the adjustable valve timing control device 10 has one together with the Cover 12 by means of screw 11 at the end of the intake camshaft 5 screwed-on guide plate (boss member) 13, whereby on the outer circumference this guide plate 13 arranged relative to this rotatable housing 14 is, on the outer periphery of the innermost part of this housing 14th the chain sprocket 14a is formed in one piece on its inner circumference.
  • the molded in the housing 14 Space is divided by the piston member 15 into the oil chambers S1 and S2. Furthermore, the helical gear 15a is at one end of the piston member 15 educated; and this helical gear 15a stands with the part of the Inner circumference of the housing 14 formed helical gear (toothed ring) 14a engaged. The piston member 15a is between this and the Guide plate 13 inserted spring 16 tensioned to the outside.
  • the other oil chamber S2 formed in the housing 14 opens the oil path 18 formed of the guide plate 13 and the intake camshaft 5, this oil path 18 with that on the outer circumference of intake camshaft 5th formed oil groove 5a and the oil path 37 formed in the bearing block 32 (see FIG. 7).
  • the oil path 5b is in the axial direction formed, its region belonging to the journal having a plurality is provided by radially arranged oil holes 5c.
  • the one on the Block 32 bearing area of the intake camshaft 5 is on its provided the entire outer circumference with an oil supply groove 5d this oil supply groove 38 opens the oil path 38 formed in the bearing block 32, this oil path 38 with the equally formed in the bearing block 32 Oil routes 39, 40 is connected.
  • the one on the outer circumference of the intake camshaft 5 formed flange area 5e, 5f is from the end face of the block 32 added, with the bearing block 32 acting as the drawer bearing absorbs the thrust caused by the intake camshaft 5.
  • the outlet side is adjustable Valve timing control device 20 constructed in the same way.
  • the outlet-side adjustable valve timing control 20 is 21 the screw, 22 the cover, 23 the guide plate, 24 the housing, 25 the piston member, 26 the spring, 27, 28 the oil paths and S1, S2 the oil chambers.
  • the oil path 6b in the exhaust camshaft 6 is in axial direction, its region belonging to the journal provided with a plurality of oil bores 6c arranged in a radial manner is.
  • the journal area of the exhaust camshaft supported on the bearing block 32 6 has an oil supply groove 6d on its entire outer circumference provided, which formed in the bearing block 32 on this oil supply groove 6d Oil path 48 opens, this oil path 48 with the equally in Bearing block 32 trained oil paths 39, 40 is connected.
  • the one on the outer circumference the exhaust camshaft 6 is formed flange portion 6e, 6f taken from the face of block 32, with block 32 as the Drawer bearing acts that the thrust caused by the intake camshaft 6 records.
  • the adjustable one around the housing 14, 24 Valve timing control device 10, 20 designed camshaft pinion 14a, 24a and the drive sprocket, not shown, laid the endless timing chain 41; and if the timing chain 41 by the crankshaft sprocket, not shown then is transmitted to the drive pinion are intake camshaft 5 and exhaust camshaft 6 by the rotation of the Camshaft pinion 14a, 24a set in rotation, by this rotation the intake valves and exhaust valves not shown with the appropriate timing be opened and closed to the in all cylinders necessary gas changes.
  • the control valves 50, 51 mounted vertically, the upper part of the individual control valves according to FIG. 3 50, 51 through the round opening formed in the cylinder head cover 42 42a protrude outwards, being sealed all around with the sealant 53 are. Since the upper part of the individual control valves 50, 51 through the cylinder head cover 42 protruded outward, can to the control valves 50, 51 leading lines in a simple manner above the cylinder head cover 42 are wired.
  • the oil paths are at the inlet-side and at the outlet-side end of cylinder head 1 43 each formed vertically, the oil paths 37 as shown in FIG. 7 communicate with the outlet side of the oil pump 44. Furthermore is the cylinder head 1 at its top with the round openings 1d provided which are in communication with all oil routes 43, in all round openings 1d, the oil filters 45 are arranged, each oil filter 45 held by the bearing block 32 pressing on it in the round openings 1d becomes.
  • Fig. 8 illustrates another way of receiving the oil filter 45, according to This figure has a round opening 32e on the bottom surface of the bearing block 32 is formed, the oil filter 45 being received by the cavity, which of this round opening 32e and that of the cylinder head 1 trained round opening 1d is formed, the oil filter 45 also from the bearing block 32 pressing on it can be held in position.
  • this oil path 40 with that in turn with the two control valves 50, 51 communicating oil path 39 is connected, of which Control valves 50, 51 the oil paths 36, 37 and the oil paths 46, 47 each in Lead out diagonally towards the bearing journal area 32, 32b. Further branch off the oil paths 38, 48 from the oil path 39 in order to provide oil (lubricating oil) Guide pin 32a, 32b of the block 32.
  • the oil route (Return path) which returns the oil to the oil pan, not shown.
  • Oil path 40 flows into oil path 39, part of which from the oil paths 38, 48 of the oil grooves 5d, 6d of the inlet side and the outlet side Camshaft 5, 6 through the oil paths 5b, 6b of the intake side and the exhaust side Camshaft 5b, 6b flows, being made from the radiating ones Oil bores 5c, 6c injecting the journal area from the inlet and outlet side Lubricates camshaft 5, 6.
  • the rest of that through the oil route 39 in Block 32 of flowing oil is directed into the control valves 50, 51.
  • the function of the control valves 50, 51 is determined by the electronic, not shown Engine control unit (ECU) the operating state of the engine with internal combustion controlled accordingly, so that by switching the supply of Oil to the adjustable valve timing control devices 10, 20 the oil to the oil chamber S1 and S2 supplied to the adjustable valve timing control 10, 20 and so the timing for opening / closing the intake / exhaust valves is advanced or adjusted late.
  • ECU Engine control unit
  • the housing 14, 24 rotates relative to the intake / exhaust camshaft 5, 6, then the relative position of the cams on the intake / exhaust camshaft changes, and the timing for opening / closing the Intake / exhaust valves are adjusted early / late, so that in the various operating areas by increasing overlap of the intake valves with the exhaust valves, the internal EGR is increased, thereby reducing fuel consumption and NO x emissions, or, depending on the operating area, by late adjusting the intake and exhaust valves Pump losses occurring in the compression cycle and thus the fuel consumption can be reduced.
  • one end of the intake / exhaust camshaft 5, 6 from that existing in the separate to the cylinder head 1 Bearing block 32 trained bearing journal area 32a, 32b, 5 due to the fact that this block 32 in the cylinder head 1 is mounted that, seen in cross section, it overlaps the cap screw 9, 5 the size of the overhang L of the adjustable valve timing 10, 20 reduced by the cap screw 9 by exactly the amount of this overlap can be, so that the internal combustion engine with reduced Overall length can be constructed smaller.
  • the bearing block 32 is positioned in the cylinder head 1 with two pins 34, the block 32 together with the camshaft cap 33 by means of the Camshaft cap screw 35 is screwed to the cylinder head 1 so that the bearing block 32 can be mounted exactly in the cylinder head base body 1, without this leading to a considerable increase in the number of parts would.
  • control valves 50, 51 are mounted on the bearing block 32, the these control valves 50, 51 looped in oil paths 36-40, 46-48 in aggregate Form in block 32 are formed so that these oil paths 36-40, 46-48 easier can be trained and accordingly the number of operations for machining the cylinder head 1 and thus working time and Reduce costs.
  • oil filter 45 in the embodiment of the embodiment Cylinder head 1 attached, held in place by the bearing block 32 are so that a rational arrangement of this oil filter 45 is possible and the Number of machining operations for the cylinder head 1 can be reduced.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
  • Valve-Gear Or Valve Arrangements (AREA)
  • Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Abstract

Separate bearing blocks for the two camshafts are fitted to the ends of the cylinder block by fasteners. The camshaft blocks are carry timing adjusters. Each camshaft block has two alignment pegs for accurate positioning on the cylinder head.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Zylinderkopf für eine Verbrennungskraftmaschine.The invention relates to a cylinder head for an internal combustion engine.

Nach dem Stand der Technik versucht man, beispielsweise bei Viertaktmotoren, mit einer jeweils am Ende der Ansaugnockenwelle und der Auslaßnockenwelle angebrachten, verstellbaren Ventilzeitsteuervorrichtung die innere AGR-Rate durch Steuerung der Ansaugventile und der Auslaßventile in Richtung einer größeren Überlappung zu erhöhen um damit den Kraftstoffverbrauch wie auch den NOx-Ausstoß zu verringern oder durch späteres Schließen der Ansaug- und Auslaßventile die Pumpverluste zu verringern und damit den Kraftstoffverbrauch zu verringern.According to the prior art, for example in four-stroke engines, each with one at the end of the intake camshaft and the exhaust camshaft attached, adjustable valve timing control the internal EGR rate by controlling the intake valves and the exhaust valves in the direction a larger overlap to increase fuel consumption like also to reduce NOx emissions or to reduce pumping losses and thus fuel consumption by later closing the intake and exhaust valves to reduce.

Nach dem Stand der Technik in Fig. 9 ist die Nockenwelle 105 auf dem einstückig an dem Zylinderkopfgrundkörper 101 angeformten Lagersteg 101a gelagert, welcher mit den Ölwegen 136, 137 für die Zufuhr von Öl (Steueröl) von einem Steuerventil 150 zu einer verstellbaren Ventilzeitsteuervorrichtung sowie mit dem Ölweg 138 für die Ölversorgung (Schmieröl) der anderen, die Nockenwelle 105 lagernden Lagerstege versehen ist, so daß der Lagersteg 101a breit, und der Überhang der verstellbaren Ventilsteuervorrichtung 110 von der Zylinderkopfschraube 109 groß ist, was zu dem Problem führt, daß der Motor insgesamt länger und größer wurde.According to the prior art in FIG. 9, the camshaft 105 is in one piece mounted on the cylinder head base 101 molded bearing web 101a, which with the oil paths 136, 137 for the supply of oil (control oil) from a control valve 150 to an adjustable valve timing control device and with oil path 138 for the oil supply (lubricating oil) of the other, the camshaft 105 bearing ridges is provided, so that the bearing bar 101a wide, and the overhang of the variable valve control device 110 from the cylinder head bolt 109 is large, which leads to the problem that the motor as a whole got longer and bigger.

Ferner besteht beim einstückigen Zylinderkopf nach dem Stand der Technik das Problem, daß für die Einarbeitung der verschiedenen, komplizierten Ölwege viele zeit- und kostenintensive Bearbeitungsvorgänge nötig sind.There is also the one-piece cylinder head according to the prior art the problem of incorporating the various complicated oil routes many time-consuming and costly machining operations are necessary.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist somit die Bereitstellung eines Zylinderkopfes für eine Verbrennungskraftmaschine, der eine kürzere und damit kleinere Auslegung der Verbrennungskraftmaschine ermöglicht.The object of the invention is therefore to provide a cylinder head for a Internal combustion engine, which is a shorter and therefore smaller design the internal combustion engine enables.

Die oben genannte Aufgabe wird gelöst durch einen Zylinderkopf für eine Verbrennungskraftmaschine mit einem Zylinderkopfgrundkörper, einer Nockenwelle, einem Befestigungsorgan zur Kopplung des Zylinderkopfgrundkörpers mit einem Zylinderblock, und einem Lagerblock zur Lagerung eines Abschnitts der Nockenwelle , der getrennt zu dem Zylinderkopfgrundkörper ausgebildet ist, wobei der Lagerblock an dem Zylinderkopfgrundkörper angebracht ist und im angebrachten Zustand im Querschnitt gesehen das Befestigungsorgan überlappt.The above-mentioned object is achieved by a cylinder head for an internal combustion engine with a cylinder head base body, a camshaft, a fastening element for coupling the cylinder head base body with a cylinder block, and a bearing block for storing a section the camshaft, which is formed separately from the cylinder head base body, wherein the bearing block is attached to the cylinder head base body and in attached condition seen in cross section the fastening member overlaps.

Die Erfindung bewirkt dadurch, daß jeweils ein Ende der Nockenwelle von dem in dem getrennt zum Zylinderkopf bestehenden Lagerblock gelagert wird, wobei der Block so im Zylinderkopf montiert ist, daß er im Querschnitt gesehen das Befestigungsorgan, zum Beispiel eine Kopfschraube, überlappt, daß die Verbrennungskraftmaschine, im folgenden auch Motor, mit kürzerer Baulänge ausgeführt werden kann.The invention thereby causes that one end of the camshaft from the is stored in the existing bearing block separate from the cylinder head, whereby the block is mounted in the cylinder head so that it can be seen in cross section Fastening element, for example a cap screw, overlaps that the internal combustion engine, hereinafter also referred to as the motor, with a shorter overall length can be.

Vorzugsweise ist an einem Ende der Nockenwelle (5, 6) eine verstellbare Ventilzeitsteuervorrichtung (10, 20) angeordnet. Dadurch kann die Größe eines Überhanges L der verstellbaren Ventilzeitsteuervorrichtung von dem Befestigungsorgan des Zylinderkopfes um genau den Betrag dieser Überlappung verkleinert werden, so daß der Motor mit verringerter Gesamtlänge kleiner konstruiert werden kann.An adjustable valve timing control device is preferably at one end of the camshaft (5, 6) (10, 20) arranged. This can make the size of a Overhang L of the adjustable valve timing device from the fastener of the cylinder head is reduced by exactly the amount of this overlap are so that the motor is constructed smaller with a reduced overall length can be.

Nach einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sind an dem Lagerblock Steuerventile montiert sind und dazu die diese Steuerventile einschleifenden Ölwege in gesammelter Weise an dem Lagerblock ausgebildet. Hierdurch wird die Ausbildung der Ölwege erleichtert und die Anzahl der Arbeitsgänge zur Bearbeitung des Zylinderkopfes vermindert, so daß Arbeits- und Zeitaufwand eingespart werden kann.According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention are on the bearing block Control valves are mounted and the control valves looped into them Oil paths formed collectively on the bearing block. This will the training of the oil ways and the number of work steps for processing of the cylinder head is reduced, so that labor and time are saved can be.

Nach einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist der Lagerblock mit vorzugsweise zwei Stiften in dem Zylinderkopfgrundkörper positioniert, wobei der Lagerblock gemeinsam mit einer Nockenwellenkappe mittels eines Nockenwellenkappenbefestigungsbolzens an dem Zylinderkopfgrundkörper angebracht ist.Hierdurch läßt sich der Lagerblock genau im Zylinderkopf montieren, ohne daß dies einen größeren Anstieg der Teilezahl nach sich ziehen würde.According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the bearing block is included preferably two pins positioned in the cylinder head base, wherein the bearing block together with a camshaft cap by means of a Camshaft cap mounting bolt attached to the cylinder head base body This allows the bearing block to be mounted exactly in the cylinder head, without this leading to a larger increase in the number of parts.

Wenn gemäß einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der Erfindung der oberste Teil des Steuerventiles über den Kopfdeckel hinausragend freiliegt und rundherum mit Dichtmittel abgedichtet ist, dann ermöglicht das die einfache Verdrahtung des Steuerventils von oberhalb des Zylinderkopfdeckels aus. If, according to a further embodiment of the invention, the uppermost part of the Control valves are exposed beyond the head cover and all around Sealant is sealed, then this allows the wiring of the Control valve from above the cylinder head cover.

Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben.Further advantageous embodiments of the invention are in the subclaims specified.

Im Folgenden wird die Erfindung nun anhand von in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispielen erläutert. Die Zeichnung zeigt in

Fig. 1
eine Detaildarstellung des Querschnitts eines Zylinderkopfes für einen Motor,
Fig. 2
eine Querschnittsdarstellung der am Ende des Zylinderkopfes sitzenden verstellbaren Ventilzeitsteuervorrichtung,
Fig. 3
eine Querschnittsdarstellung entlang der Linie A-A aus Fig. 2
Fig. 4
eine Querschnittsdarstellung entlang der Linie B-B aus Fig. 2,
Fig. 5
einen seitlichen Querschnitt einer verstellbaren Ventilzeitsteuervorrichtung,
Fig. 6
eine Querschnittsdarstellung zur Verdeutlichung des inneren Aufbaues der verstellbaren Ventilzeitsteuervorrichtung,
Fig. 7
eine schematische Darstellung des Ölzufuhrsystems für die verstellbare Ventilzeitsteuervorrichtung,
Fig. 8
eine Querschnittsdarstellung einer weiteren Möglichkeit zur Anordnung der Ölfilter, und
Fig. 9
eine Querschnittsdarstellung des Bereichs der verstellbaren Ventilzeitsteuervorrichtung eines Motorzylinderkopfes nach dem Stand der Technik.
In the following, the invention will now be explained with reference to exemplary embodiments shown in the drawing. The drawing shows in
Fig. 1
a detailed representation of the cross section of a cylinder head for an engine,
Fig. 2
2 shows a cross-sectional illustration of the adjustable valve timing control device seated at the end of the cylinder head,
Fig. 3
3 shows a cross-sectional illustration along the line AA from FIG. 2
Fig. 4
3 shows a cross-sectional illustration along the line BB from FIG. 2,
Fig. 5
a lateral cross section of an adjustable valve timing control device,
Fig. 6
2 shows a cross-sectional illustration to illustrate the internal structure of the adjustable valve timing control device,
Fig. 7
1 shows a schematic representation of the oil supply system for the adjustable valve timing control device,
Fig. 8
a cross-sectional view of another way to arrange the oil filter, and
Fig. 9
a cross-sectional view of the area of the adjustable valve timing control device of an engine cylinder head according to the prior art.

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Bei der Verbrennungskraftmaschine, von der die Erfindung ausgeht, handelt es sich um einen mehrzylindrigen Viertaktmotor, dessen Zylinderkopfgrundkörper 1 gemäß Fig. 1 pro Zylinder über die Öffnungen 3 für jeweils zwei Einlaßventile und zwei Auslaßventile verfügt, wobei in der Mitte des Bereiches zwischen diesen Ansaugventilbohrungen 2 und Auslaßventilbohrungen 3 Zündkerzenbohrungen 4 ausgebildet sind. Des weiteren befinden sich an der Oberseite des Zylinderkopfes 1 jeweils zwischen den beiden Einlaßventilbohrungen und den beiden Auslaßventilbohrungen die Lagerabschnitte 1a und 1b, welche die in Fig. 2 dargestellte Einlaßnockenwelle 5 beziehungsweise Auslaßnockenwelle 6 lagern. In den im Zylinderkopf 1 ausgebildeten Einlaßventilbohrungen 2 und Auslaßventilbohrungen 3 sitzen die nicht abgebildeten Einlaßventile respektive Auslaßventile, während in den Kerzenbohrungen 4 die nicht abgebildeten Zündkerzen so eingeschraubt sind, daß ihre Elektroden in den im Zylinderkopf ausgebildeten, nicht dargestellten Brennraum jedes Zylinders hineinragen.The internal combustion engine from which the invention is based acts is a multi-cylinder four-stroke engine, the cylinder head base body 1 per cylinder via the openings 3 for two intake valves and has two exhaust valves, being in the middle of the area between them Intake valve bores 2 and exhaust valve bores 3 spark plug bores 4 are formed. They are also located on the top of the Cylinder head 1 between the two inlet valve bores and the two exhaust valve bores, the bearing sections 1a and 1b, which the in 2 shown intake camshaft 5 and exhaust camshaft 6 to store. In the intake valve bores 2 and formed in the cylinder head 1 Exhaust valve bores 3 sit the inlet valves, not shown, respectively Exhaust valves, while in the candle holes 4, not shown Spark plugs are screwed in so that their electrodes are in the cylinder head protrude, not shown, combustion chamber of each cylinder.

Hierbei hat der das Ausführungsbeispiel verkörpernde Motor wie in Fig. 2 dargestellt, jeweils an einem Ende der Ansaugnockenwelle 5 beziehungsweise der Auslaßnockenwelle 6 die verstellbare Ventilzeitsteuervorrichtung 10 resp. 20; durch diese verstellbare Ventilzeitsteuervorrichtung 10 resp. 20 wird die Zeitsteuerung des Öffnens/Schließens der nicht dargestellten Einlaß- resp. Auslaßventile auf optimale Weise dem Betriebszustand des Motors entsprechend angepaßt bzw. geregelt.Here, the motor embodying the embodiment as shown in Fig. 2 has each at one end of the intake camshaft 5 and the Exhaust camshaft 6, the adjustable valve timing control device 10, respectively. 20; by this adjustable valve timing control device 10 respectively. 20 becomes the time control the opening / closing of the inlet or not shown. Exhaust valves optimally adapted to the operating state of the engine or regulated.

Wie Fig. 1 zeigt, ist der Zylinderkopf rechts und links (in der Figur oben und unten) an der Oberseite des Stirnteiles an derjenigen Seite, wo die verstellbare Ventilzeitsteuervorrichtung 10, 20 montiert wird, mit zwei planen Montageflächen 1c versehen, wobei jede Montagefläche 1c mit zwei Innengewinden 7 und den Stiftbohrungen 8 versehen ist. Des weiteren befinden sich links und rechts (an der Ansaug- und Auslaßseite) in der Nähe der Stirnseite des Zylinderkopfgrundkörpers 1 die Schraubenlöcher 31, durch welche die in Fig. dargestellten Befestigungsorgane, hier Kopfschrauben 9 durchgesteckt werden, wobei der Zylinderkopf 1 vermittels der durch diese Schraubenlöcher 31 gesteckten Kopfschrauben 9 und etlicher, durch andere Schraubenlöcher gesteckter Kopfschrauben (nicht abgebildet) an die Oberseite des nicht dargestellten Zylinderblocks montiert wird.As shown in Fig. 1, the cylinder head is right and left (in the figure above and below) at the top of the forehead on the side where the adjustable Valve timing device 10, 20 is mounted with two flat mounting surfaces 1c, each mounting surface 1c with two internal threads 7 and the pin holes 8 is provided. There are also left and right (on the intake and exhaust side) near the front of the cylinder head base body 1 the screw holes 31 through which the ones shown in FIG Fasteners, head screws 9 are inserted here, the Cylinder head 1 by means of the cap screws inserted through these screw holes 31 9 and several head screws inserted through other screw holes (not shown) to the top of the cylinder block, not shown is assembled.

Bei diesem Ausführungsbeispiele ist gemäß der Darstellung in den Figuren 2 mit 5 an der, im Zylinderkopf ausgebildeten Montagefläche 1c der getrennt vom Zylinderkopf 1 bestehende Lagerblock 32 auf eine solche Weise montiert, daß er, im Querschnitt gesehen, die Kopfschraube 9 (vgl. Fig. 5) überlappt, während an der Oberseite des Lagerblocks 32 die Lagerabschnitte 32a, 32b (vgl. Fig. 2 und Fig. 3) ausgeformt sind, um die betreffenden Abschnitte der Ansaugnockenwelle 5 bzw. Auslaßnockenwelle 6 frei drehbar zu lagern.In this exemplary embodiment, as shown in FIGS with 5 on the mounting surface 1c formed in the cylinder head, which is separate from the Cylinder head 1 existing bearing block 32 mounted in such a way that he, seen in cross section, the cap screw 9 (see FIG. 5) overlaps while on the upper side of the bearing block 32, the bearing sections 32a, 32b (see FIG. 2 and Fig. 3) are molded around the relevant portions of the intake camshaft 5 or exhaust camshaft 6 to rotate freely.

Wie erwähnt sind Einlaßnockenwelle 5 und Auslaßnockenwelle 6 jeweils an demjenigen Ende, an dem sie mit der verstellbaren Ventilzeitsteuerung 10, 20 versehen sind, durch die, im Block 32 ausgeformten Lagerabschnitte 32a, 32b frei drehbar gelagert, wobei ihre obere Hälfte durch die auf der Oberseite von Block 32 montierte Nockenwellenkappe 33 gelagert ist, während der Lagerblock 32 durch die Stifte 34 (vgl. Fig. 3 und 4) positioniert wird, welche in den Bohrungen 8 stecken, welche in den jeweiligen Montageflächen 1c von Zylinderkopf 1 ausgebildet sind, wobei gemäß Fig. 4 vermittels der durch die Nockenwellenkappe 33 und den Lagerblock 32 jeweils durchstoßenden Schraubenlöcher 33a, 32c gehenden Nockenwellenkappenschraube 35, welche in das in der Montagefläche 1c des Zylinderkopfes 1 ausgebildete Innengewinde 7 eingeschraubt wird, der Lagerblock 32 gemeinsam mit der Nockenwellenkappe 33 mit dem Zylinderkopf 1 verschraubt wird.As mentioned, intake camshaft 5 and exhaust camshaft 6 are each on the end at which you can adjust the valve timing 10, 20 are provided, through which, formed in block 32 bearing portions 32a, 32b freely rotatable, its upper half by the on the top of Block 32 mounted camshaft cap 33 is supported while the bearing block 32 is positioned by the pins 34 (see. Fig. 3 and 4), which in the Bores 8, which are in the respective mounting surfaces 1c of the cylinder head 1 are formed, according to FIG. 4 by means of the Camshaft cap 33 and the bearing block 32 each piercing screw holes 33a, 32c going camshaft cap screw 35, which in the in the mounting surface 1c of the cylinder head 1 screwed internal thread 7 the bearing block 32 together with the camshaft cap 33 is screwed to the cylinder head 1.

Es folgt eine Erläuterung des inneren Aufbaues der verstellbaren Ventilzeitsteuervorrichtung 10 anhand von Fig. 6.The following is an explanation of the internal structure of the adjustable valve timing control device 10 using FIG. 6.

Die verstellbare Ventilzeitsteuervorrichtung 10 hat eine zusammen mit mit der Abdeckung 12 vermittels der Schraube 11 an das Ende der Einlaßnockenwelle 5 angeschraubte Führungsplatte (Boss-Member) 13, wobei am Außenumfang dieser Führungsplatte 13 das gegenüber dieser drehbare Gehäuse 14 angeordnet ist, wobei am Außenumfang des innersten Teiles dieses Gehäuses 14 an seinem Innenumfang das Kettenritzel 14a einstückig ausgeformt ist.The adjustable valve timing control device 10 has one together with the Cover 12 by means of screw 11 at the end of the intake camshaft 5 screwed-on guide plate (boss member) 13, whereby on the outer circumference this guide plate 13 arranged relative to this rotatable housing 14 is, on the outer periphery of the innermost part of this housing 14th the chain sprocket 14a is formed in one piece on its inner circumference.

In dem Gehäuse 14 befindet sich das gegenüber der Führungsplatte 13 frei gleitend eingekeilte Kolbenglied 15, wobei der im Gehäuse 14 ausgeformte Raum durch das Kolbenglied 15 in die Ölkammern S1 und S2 eingeteilt wird. Weiterhin ist am einen Ende des Kolbengliedes 15 das Schrägzahnrad 15a ausgebildet; und dieses Schrägzahnrad 15a steht mit dem an einem Teil des Innenumfanges des Gehäuses 14 ausgebildetem Schrägzahnrad (Zahnring) 14a im Eingriff. Das Kolbenglied 15a wird von der zwischem diesem und der Führungsplatte 13 eingelegten Feder 16 nach außen gespannt.In the housing 14, this is free relative to the guide plate 13 slidingly wedged piston member 15, the molded in the housing 14 Space is divided by the piston member 15 into the oil chambers S1 and S2. Furthermore, the helical gear 15a is at one end of the piston member 15 educated; and this helical gear 15a stands with the part of the Inner circumference of the housing 14 formed helical gear (toothed ring) 14a engaged. The piston member 15a is between this and the Guide plate 13 inserted spring 16 tensioned to the outside.

An der einen S1 der beiden im Gehäuse 14 der verstellbaren Ventilzeitsteuervorrichtung 10 ausgebildeten Ölkammern öffnet sich der in Führungsplatte 13 und Einlaßnockenwelle 5 ausgebildete Ölweg 17, wobei dieser Ölweg 17 mit der in Block 32 und Nockenwellenkappe 33 ausgebildeten Ölnut 32d, 33b und mit dem im Lagerblock 32 ausgebildetem Ölweg 36 in Verbindung steht.On one S1 of the two in the housing 14 of the adjustable valve timing control device 10 trained oil chambers opens in the guide plate 13 and intake camshaft 5 formed oil path 17, this oil path 17 with the oil groove 32d, 33b and formed in block 32 and camshaft cap 33 communicates with the oil path 36 formed in the bearing block 32.

Ferner öffnet sich an der anderen, im Gehäuse 14 ausgebildeten Ölkammer S2 der der Führungsplatte 13 und Einlaßnockenwelle 5 ausgebildete Ölweg 18, wobei dieser Ölweg 18 mit der am Außenumfang von Einlaßnockenwelle 5 ausgebildeten Ölnut 5a und dem im Lagerblock 32 ausgebildeten Ölweg 37 (vgl. Fig. 7) in Verbindung steht.Furthermore, the other oil chamber S2 formed in the housing 14 opens the oil path 18 formed of the guide plate 13 and the intake camshaft 5, this oil path 18 with that on the outer circumference of intake camshaft 5th formed oil groove 5a and the oil path 37 formed in the bearing block 32 (see FIG. 7).

Andererseits ist in der Einlaßnockenwelle 5 der Ölweg 5b in axialer Richtung ausgebildet, wobei sein zum Lagerzapfen gehöriger Bereich mit einer Mehrzahl von strahlenförmig angeordneten Ölbohrungen 5c versehen ist. Der auf dem Block 32 lagernde Lagerzapfenbereich der Einlaßnockenwelle 5 ist an seinem gesamten Außenumfang mit einer Ölzuführungsnut 5d versehen, wobei sich an dieser Ölzuführungsnut 38 der im Lagerblock 32 ausgebildete Ölweg 38 öffnet, wobei dieser Ölweg 38 mit den gleichermaßen im Lagerblock 32 ausgebildeten Ölwegen 39, 40 in Verbindung steht. Der am Außenumfang der Einlaßnockenwelle 5 ausgebildete Flanschbereich 5e, 5f wird von der Stirnseite des Blockes 32 aufgenommen, wobei der Lagerblock 32 als das Schublager fungiert, das die von der Einlaßnockenwelle 5 bewirkte Schubkraft aufnimmt.On the other hand, in the intake camshaft 5, the oil path 5b is in the axial direction formed, its region belonging to the journal having a plurality is provided by radially arranged oil holes 5c. The one on the Block 32 bearing area of the intake camshaft 5 is on its provided the entire outer circumference with an oil supply groove 5d this oil supply groove 38 opens the oil path 38 formed in the bearing block 32, this oil path 38 with the equally formed in the bearing block 32 Oil routes 39, 40 is connected. The one on the outer circumference of the intake camshaft 5 formed flange area 5e, 5f is from the end face of the block 32 added, with the bearing block 32 acting as the drawer bearing absorbs the thrust caused by the intake camshaft 5.

Obige Erläuterungen betrafen zwar den Aufbau der einlaßseitigen verstellbaren Ventilzeitsteuervorrichtung 10, doch ist gemäß Fig. 2 die auslaßseitige verstellbare Ventilzeitsteuervorrichtung 20 auf die gleiche Weise aufgebaut. Bei der in Fig. 2 dargestellten, auslaßseitigen verstellbaren Ventilzeitsteuerung 20 ist also 21 die Schraube, 22 die Abdeckung, 23 die Führungsplatte, 24 das Gehäuse, 25 das Kolbenglied, 26 die Feder, 27, 28 die Ölwege und S1, S2 die Ölkammern.The above explanations concerned the structure of the inlet-side adjustable Valve timing control device 10, but according to FIG. 2, the outlet side is adjustable Valve timing control device 20 constructed in the same way. At the in Fig. 2 shown, the outlet-side adjustable valve timing control 20 is 21 the screw, 22 the cover, 23 the guide plate, 24 the housing, 25 the piston member, 26 the spring, 27, 28 the oil paths and S1, S2 the oil chambers.

Andererseits ist gemäß Fig. 2 in der Auslaßnockenwelle 6 der Ölweg 6b in axialer Richtung ausgebildet, wobei sein zum Lagerzapfen gehöriger Bereich mit einer Mehrzahl von strahlenförmig angeordneten Ölbohrungen 6c versehen ist. Der auf dem Lagerblock 32 lagernde Lagerzapfenbereich der Auslaßnockenwelle 6 ist an seinem gesamten Außenumfang mit einer Ölzuführungsnut 6d versehen, wobei sich an dieser Ölzuführungsnut 6d der im Lagerblock 32 ausgebildete Ölweg 48 öffnet, wobei dieser Ölweg 48 mit den gleichermaßen im Lagerblock 32 ausgebildeten Ölwegen 39, 40 in Verbindung steht. Der am Außenumfang der Auslaßnockenwelle 6 ausgebildete Flanschbereich 6e, 6f wird von der Stirnseite des Blockes 32 aufgenommen, wobei der Block 32 als das Schublager fungiert, das die von der Einlaßnockenwelle 6 bewirkte Schubkraft aufnimmt.On the other hand, according to FIG. 2, the oil path 6b in the exhaust camshaft 6 is in axial direction, its region belonging to the journal provided with a plurality of oil bores 6c arranged in a radial manner is. The journal area of the exhaust camshaft supported on the bearing block 32 6 has an oil supply groove 6d on its entire outer circumference provided, which formed in the bearing block 32 on this oil supply groove 6d Oil path 48 opens, this oil path 48 with the equally in Bearing block 32 trained oil paths 39, 40 is connected. The one on the outer circumference the exhaust camshaft 6 is formed flange portion 6e, 6f taken from the face of block 32, with block 32 as the Drawer bearing acts that the thrust caused by the intake camshaft 6 records.

Wie Fig. 2 zeigt, ist um die einstückig mit dem Gehäuse 14, 24 der verstellbaren Ventilzeitsteuervorrichtung 10, 20 ausgebildeten Nockenwellenritzel 14a, 24a und das nicht abgebildete Antriebsritzel die endlose Steuerkette 41 gelegt; und wenn die Steuerkette 41 durch die von dem nicht abgebildeten Kurbelwellenritzel auf das Antriebsritzel übertragene Drehung angetrieben wird, dann werden Einlaßnockenwelle 5 und Auslaßnockenwelle 6 durch die Drehung des Nockenwellenritzels 14a, 24a in Drehung versetzt, wobei durch diese Drehung die nicht abgebildeten Einlaßventile und Auslaßventile mit der geeigneten Zeitsteuerung geöffnet und geschlossen werden, um in allen Zylindern den benötigten Gaswechsel vorzunehmen.As shown in FIG. 2, the adjustable one around the housing 14, 24 Valve timing control device 10, 20 designed camshaft pinion 14a, 24a and the drive sprocket, not shown, laid the endless timing chain 41; and if the timing chain 41 by the crankshaft sprocket, not shown then is transmitted to the drive pinion are intake camshaft 5 and exhaust camshaft 6 by the rotation of the Camshaft pinion 14a, 24a set in rotation, by this rotation the intake valves and exhaust valves not shown with the appropriate timing be opened and closed to the in all cylinders necessary gas changes.

Es folgt eine Erläuterung der Ölzufuhr zu den verstellbare Ventilzeitsteuervorrichtungen 10, 20 anhand der Figuren 3 und 7.The following is an explanation of the oil supply to the adjustable valve timing devices 10, 20 on the basis of FIGS. 3 and 7.

An den Lagerblock 32 sind zur Steuerung der Ölzufuhr zu den einlaß- bzw. auslaßseitigen verstellbaren Ventilzeitsteuerungen 10, 20 die Steuerventile 50, 51 senkrecht montiert, wobei gemäß Fig. 3 das Oberteil der einzelnen Steuerventile 50, 51 durch die im Zylinderkopfdeckel 42 ausgebildete, runde Öffnung 42a nach außen auskragen, wobei sie rundherum mit dem Dichtmittel 53 abgedichtet sind. Da nun das Oberteil der einzelnen Steuerventile 50, 51 durch den Zylinderkopfdeckel 42 nach außen ragten, können die zu den Steuerventilen 50, 51 führenden Leitungen auf einfache Weise oberhalb des Zylinderkopfdeckels 42 verdrahtet werden.On the bearing block 32 are to control the oil supply to the inlet or adjustable valve timing controls 10, 20 on the outlet side, the control valves 50, 51 mounted vertically, the upper part of the individual control valves according to FIG. 3 50, 51 through the round opening formed in the cylinder head cover 42 42a protrude outwards, being sealed all around with the sealant 53 are. Since the upper part of the individual control valves 50, 51 through the cylinder head cover 42 protruded outward, can to the control valves 50, 51 leading lines in a simple manner above the cylinder head cover 42 are wired.

Am einlaßseitigen wie am auslaßseitigen Ende von Zylinderkopf 1 sind die Ölwege 43 jeweils senkrecht ausgebildet, wobei die Ölwege 37 wie in Fig. 7 dargestellt mit der Auslaßseite der Ölpumpe 44 in Verbindung stehen. Des Weiteren ist der Zylinderkopf 1 an seiner Oberseite mit den runden Öffnungen 1d versehen, welche mit allen Ölwegen 43 in Verbindung stehen, wobei in allen runden Öffnungen 1d die Ölfilter 45 angeordnet sind, wobei jeder Ölfilter 45 durch den auf ihn drückenden Lagerblock 32 in der runden Öffnungen 1d festgehalten wird.The oil paths are at the inlet-side and at the outlet-side end of cylinder head 1 43 each formed vertically, the oil paths 37 as shown in FIG. 7 communicate with the outlet side of the oil pump 44. Furthermore is the cylinder head 1 at its top with the round openings 1d provided which are in communication with all oil routes 43, in all round openings 1d, the oil filters 45 are arranged, each oil filter 45 held by the bearing block 32 pressing on it in the round openings 1d becomes.

Fig. 8 stellt eine andere Art, den Ölfilter 45 aufzunehmen dar, wobei gemäß dieser Figur an der Bodenfläche des Lagerblockes 32 eine runde Öffnung 32e ausgebildet wird, wobei der Ölfilter 45 von dem Hohlraum aufgenommen wird, welcher von dieser runden Öffnung 32e und der seitens des Zylinderkopfes 1 ausgebildeten runden Öffnung 1d gebildet wird, wobei der Ölfilter 45 auch von dem auf ihn drückenden Lagerblock 32 in Positiongehalten werden kann.Fig. 8 illustrates another way of receiving the oil filter 45, according to This figure has a round opening 32e on the bottom surface of the bearing block 32 is formed, the oil filter 45 being received by the cavity, which of this round opening 32e and that of the cylinder head 1 trained round opening 1d is formed, the oil filter 45 also from the bearing block 32 pressing on it can be held in position.

Ferner ist in dem Lagerblock 32 der mit der runden Öffnung 1d sowie mit dem Ölweg 43 in Verbindung stehende Ölweg 40 in senkrechter Richtung ausgebildet, wobei dieser Ölweg 40 mit dem seinerseits mit den beiden Steuerventilen 50, 51 in Verbindung stehendem Ölweg 39 in Verbindung steht, wobei von den Steuerventilen 50, 51 die Ölwege 36, 37 und die Ölwege 46, 47 jeweils in Richtung auf den Lagerzapfenbereich 32, 32b schräg hinausführen. Ferner zweigen aus dem Ölweg 39 die Ölwege 38, 48 ab, um Öl (Schmieröl) zu den Lagerzapfen 32a, 32b des Blockes 32 zu führen. In Fig. 7 ist 52 der Ölweg (Rückweg), der das Öl in die nicht dargestellte Ölwanne zurückleitet.Furthermore, in the bearing block 32 with the round opening 1d and with the Oil path 43 connected oil path 40 formed in the vertical direction, this oil path 40 with that in turn with the two control valves 50, 51 communicating oil path 39 is connected, of which Control valves 50, 51 the oil paths 36, 37 and the oil paths 46, 47 each in Lead out diagonally towards the bearing journal area 32, 32b. Further branch off the oil paths 38, 48 from the oil path 39 in order to provide oil (lubricating oil) Guide pin 32a, 32b of the block 32. In Fig. 7, 52 is the oil route (Return path), which returns the oil to the oil pan, not shown.

Es folgt eine Funktionserklärung der verstellbaren Ventilzeitsteuervorrichtung 10, 20.An explanation of the function of the adjustable valve timing control device follows 10, 20.

Wenn der Motor gestartet ist, und von einem Teil seiner Antriebskraft die einlaßseitige und die auslaßseitige Nockenwelle in Drehung versetzt wird, dann werden die Einlaß- und Auslaßventile mit einer geeigneten Zeitsteuerung geöffnet und geschlossen, damit in allen Zylindern der benötigte Gaswechsel erfolgt.When the engine is started and part of its driving force is the intake side and the exhaust camshaft is rotated, then the intake and exhaust valves are opened with a suitable timing and closed so that the required gas exchange takes place in all cylinders.

Wenn der Motor gestartet ist, wird jedoch gemäß Fig. 7 von einem Teil seiner Antriebskraft auch die Ölpumpe 44 angetrieben, so daß das am Ausgang der Ölpumpe 44 unter definiertem Druck stehende Öl durch den im Zylinderkopf 1 ausgebildeten Ölweg 42 und den Ölfilter 45 sowie den im Lagerblock 32 ausgebildeten Ölweg 40 in den Ölweg 39 fließt, wobei ein Teil davon von den Ölwegen 38, 48 von den Ölnuten 5d, 6d der einlaßseitigen bzw auslaßseitigen Nockenwelle 5, 6 durch die Ölwege 5b, 6b der einlaßseitigen bzw. auslaßseitigen Nockenwelle 5b, 6b fließt, wobei es aus den strahlenförmig ausgebildeten Ölbohrungen 5c, 6c spritzend den Lagerzapfenbereich von einlaß- und auslaßseitiger Nockenwelle 5, 6 schmiert. Der Rest von dem durch den Ölweg 39 im Block 32 strömendem Öl wird in die Steuerventile 50, 51 geleitet.When the engine is started, however, part of it is shown in FIG Driving force also driven the oil pump 44, so that at the exit of the Oil pump 44 oil under defined pressure through the oil in the cylinder head 1 trained oil path 42 and the oil filter 45 and the one formed in the bearing block 32 Oil path 40 flows into oil path 39, part of which from the oil paths 38, 48 of the oil grooves 5d, 6d of the inlet side and the outlet side Camshaft 5, 6 through the oil paths 5b, 6b of the intake side and the exhaust side Camshaft 5b, 6b flows, being made from the radiating ones Oil bores 5c, 6c injecting the journal area from the inlet and outlet side Lubricates camshaft 5, 6. The rest of that through the oil route 39 in Block 32 of flowing oil is directed into the control valves 50, 51.

Die Funktion der Steuerventile 50, 51 wird von der nicht abgebildeten elektronischen Motorsteuereinheit (ECU) dem Betriebszustand des Motor mit Innenverbrennung entsprechend gesteuert, so daß durch Umschaltung der Zufuhr von Öl zu den verstellbaren Ventilzeitsteuervorrichtungen 10, 20 das Öl zu der Ölkammer S1 bzw. S2 der verstellbare Ventilzeitsteuerung 10, 20 zugeführt und so die Zeitsteuerung für das Öffnen/Schließen der Einlaß-/Auslaßventile frühverstellt oder spätverstellt wird.The function of the control valves 50, 51 is determined by the electronic, not shown Engine control unit (ECU) the operating state of the engine with internal combustion controlled accordingly, so that by switching the supply of Oil to the adjustable valve timing control devices 10, 20 the oil to the oil chamber S1 and S2 supplied to the adjustable valve timing control 10, 20 and so the timing for opening / closing the intake / exhaust valves is advanced or adjusted late.

Wenn nun also von den Steuerventilen das Öl aus den Ölwegen 36, 46 den Ölkammern S1 der verstellbaren Ventilzeitsteuerungen 10, 20 zugeführt wird, oder wenn es aus den Ölwegen 37, 47 den Ölkammern S2 der verstellbaren Ventilzeitsteuerungen 10, 20 zugeführt wird, dann gleitet in den verstellbaren Ventilzeitsteuerungen 10, 20 das Kolbenglied 15, 25 in axialer Richtung an der Führungsplatte 15a, 25a entlang, so daß das Gehäuse des sich im Eingriff mit dem Schrägzahnrad 15a, 25a dieses Kolbengliedes 15, 25 befindlichen Schrägzahnrades (Zahnring) 14 a, 24a sich relativ zur Führungsplatte 13, 23 sowie zur Einlaß-/Auslaßnockenwelle 5, 6 dreht. Wenn sich nun in der verstellbare Ventilzeitsteuerung 10, 20 das Gehäuse 14, 24 relativ zur Einlaß-/Auslaßnockenwelle 5, 6 dreht, dann verändert sich die relative Position der Nocken auf der Einlaß-/Auslaßnockenwelle, und die Zeitsteuerung für das Öffnen/Schließen der Einlaß-/Auslaßventile wird frühverstellt/spätverstellt, so daß in den verschiedenen Betriebsbereichen durch vergrößertes Überlappen der Einlaßventile mit den Auslaßventilen die innere AGR verstärkt und dadurch Kraftstoffverbraquch und NOx-Emission verringert werden, oder je nach Betriebsbereich durch Spätverstellung der Einlaß- und Auslaßventile die im Verdichtungstakt anfallenden Pumpverluste und damit der Kraftstoffverbrauch verringert werden.If the oil from the oil paths 36, 46 is now supplied to the oil chambers S1 of the adjustable valve timers 10, 20 from the control valves, or if it is supplied from the oil paths 37, 47 to the oil chambers S2 of the adjustable valve timers 10, 20, then slides in the adjustable valve timers 10, 20 the piston member 15, 25 in the axial direction along the guide plate 15a, 25a, so that the housing of the helical gear (toothed ring) 14a, 24a in engagement with the helical gear 15a, 25a of this piston member 15, 25 rotates relative to the guide plate 13, 23 and the intake / exhaust camshaft 5, 6. Now, in the adjustable valve timing control 10, 20, the housing 14, 24 rotates relative to the intake / exhaust camshaft 5, 6, then the relative position of the cams on the intake / exhaust camshaft changes, and the timing for opening / closing the Intake / exhaust valves are adjusted early / late, so that in the various operating areas by increasing overlap of the intake valves with the exhaust valves, the internal EGR is increased, thereby reducing fuel consumption and NO x emissions, or, depending on the operating area, by late adjusting the intake and exhaust valves Pump losses occurring in the compression cycle and thus the fuel consumption can be reduced.

Bei der Verkörperung des Ausführungsbeispiels wird jeweils ein Ende der Einlaß-/Auslaßnockenwelle 5, 6 von dem in dem getrennt zum Zylinderkopf 1 bestehenden Lagerblock 32 ausgebildeten Lagerzapfenbereich 32a, 32b gelagert, wobei gemäß Fig. 5 aufgrund dessen, daß dieser Block 32 so im Zylinderkopf 1 montiert ist, daß er im Querschnitt gesehen über die Kopfschraube 9 überlappt, gemäß Fig. 5 die Größe des Überhanges L der verstellbare Ventilzeitsteuerung 10, 20 von der Kopfschraube 9 um genau den Betrag dieser Überlappung verkleinert werden kann, so daß der Motor mit Innenverbrennung mit verringerter Gesamtlänge kleiner konstruiert werden kann.In the embodiment of the embodiment, one end of the intake / exhaust camshaft 5, 6 from that existing in the separate to the cylinder head 1 Bearing block 32 trained bearing journal area 32a, 32b, 5 due to the fact that this block 32 in the cylinder head 1 is mounted that, seen in cross section, it overlaps the cap screw 9, 5 the size of the overhang L of the adjustable valve timing 10, 20 reduced by the cap screw 9 by exactly the amount of this overlap can be, so that the internal combustion engine with reduced Overall length can be constructed smaller.

Ferner wird der Lagerblock 32 mit zwei Stiften 34 im Zylinderkopf 1 positioniert, wobei der Block 32 gemeinsam mit Nockenwellenkappe 33 vermittels der Nockenwellenkappenschraube 35 an den Zylinderkopf 1 angeschraubt ist, so daß sich der Lagerblock 32 genau in den Zylinderkopfgrundkörper 1 montieren läßt, ohne daß dies ein erhebliches Anwachsen der Teilezahl nach sich ziehen würde.Furthermore, the bearing block 32 is positioned in the cylinder head 1 with two pins 34, the block 32 together with the camshaft cap 33 by means of the Camshaft cap screw 35 is screwed to the cylinder head 1 so that the bearing block 32 can be mounted exactly in the cylinder head base body 1, without this leading to a considerable increase in the number of parts would.

Ferner sind am Lagerblock 32 die Steuerventile 50, 51 montiert, wobei die diese Steuerventile 50, 51 einschleifenden Ölwege 36-40, 46-48 in gesammelter Form im Block 32 ausgebildet sind, so daß diese Ölwege 36-40, 46-48 einfacher ausgebildet werden können und sich entsprechend die Anzahl der Arbeitsgänge für die Bearbeitung des Zylinderkopfes 1 und damit Arbeitszeit- und Kostenaufwand verringern.Furthermore, the control valves 50, 51 are mounted on the bearing block 32, the these control valves 50, 51 looped in oil paths 36-40, 46-48 in aggregate Form in block 32 are formed so that these oil paths 36-40, 46-48 easier can be trained and accordingly the number of operations for machining the cylinder head 1 and thus working time and Reduce costs.

Ferner sind bei der Verkörperung des Ausführungsbeispieles die Ölfilter 45 im Zylinderkopf 1 angebracht, die durch den Lagerblock 32 in Position gehalten werden, so daß eine rationelle Anordnung dieser Ölfilter 45 möglich ist und die Anzahl der Bearbeitungsgänge für den Zylinderkopf 1 verringert werden kann.Furthermore, the oil filter 45 in the embodiment of the embodiment Cylinder head 1 attached, held in place by the bearing block 32 are so that a rational arrangement of this oil filter 45 is possible and the Number of machining operations for the cylinder head 1 can be reduced.

Claims (6)

Zylinderkopf für eine Verbrennungskraftmaschine umfassend: einen Zylinderkopfgrundkörper (1), eine Nockenwelle (5, 6), ein Befestigungsorgan (9) zur Kopplung des Zylinderkopfgrundkörpers (1) mit einem Zylinderblock, und einen Lagerblock (32) zur Lagerung eines Abschnitts der Nockenwelle (5, 6),
der getrennt zu dem Zylinderkopfgrundkörper (1) ausgebildet ist, wobei der Lagerblock (32) an dem Zylinderkopfgrundkörper (1) angebracht ist und im angebrachten Zustand im Querschnitt gesehen das Befestigungsorgan (9) überlappt. Cylinder head for an internal combustion engine comprising: a cylinder head base body (1), a camshaft (5, 6), a fastening member (9) for coupling the cylinder head base body (1) a cylinder block, and a bearing block (32) for supporting a section of the camshaft (5, 6),
which is separate from the cylinder head base body (1), the bearing block (32) being attached to the cylinder head base body (1) and, seen in cross section, the fastening member (9) overlapping in the attached state. Zylinderkopf für eine Verbrennungskraftmaschine nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß an einem Ende der Nockenwelle (5, 6) eine verstellbare Ventilzeitsteuervorrichtung (10, 20) angeordnet ist.Cylinder head for an internal combustion engine according to claim 1, characterized characterized in that an adjustable at one end of the camshaft (5, 6) Valve time control device (10, 20) is arranged. Zylinderkopf für eine Verbrennungskraftmaschine nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Lagerblock (32) mit vorzugsweise zwei Stiften (34) in dem Zylinderkopfgrundkörper (1) positioniert ist, wobei der Lagerblock (32) gemeinsam mit einer Nockenwellenkappe (33) mittels eines Nockenwellenkappenbefestigungsbolzens (35) an dem Zylinderkopfgrundkörper (1) angebracht ist.Cylinder head for an internal combustion engine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the bearing block (32) preferably with two pins (34) is positioned in the cylinder head base body (1), the bearing block (32) together with a camshaft cap (33) by means of a Camshaft cap mounting bolt (35) on the cylinder head base body (1) is appropriate. Zylinderkopf für eine Verbrennungskraftmaschine nach einem der Ansprüche 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß an dem Lagerblock (32) ein Steuerventil (50, 51) der verstellbaren Ventilzeitsteuerung (10, 20) vorgesehen und ein dieses Steuerventil einschließender Ölweg (36-40) ausgebildet ist.Cylinder head for an internal combustion engine according to one of the claims 2 or 3, characterized in that a control valve on the bearing block (32) (50, 51) of the adjustable valve timing control (10, 20) and an oil path (36-40) including this control valve is formed. Zylinderkopf für eine Verbrennungskraftmaschine nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein oberer Teil des Steuerventils (50, 51) durch einen Zylinderkopfdeckel (42) hinausragt und rundherum mit Dichtmittel abgedichtet ist.Cylinder head for an internal combustion engine according to claim 4, characterized characterized in that an upper part of the control valve (50, 51) by a cylinder head cover (42) protrudes and is sealed all around with sealant. Zylinderkopf für eine Verbrennungskraftmaschine nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in mindestens einem Ölweg (43) , der in dem Zylinderkopfgrundkörper (1) ausgebildet ist, ein Ölfilter (45) vorgesehen ist, und der Ölfilter durch den auf ihn drückenden Lagerblock (32) in Position gehalten ist.Cylinder head for an internal combustion engine according to one of the claims 1 to 5, characterized in that in at least one oil path (43) which in an oil filter (45) is provided on the base of the cylinder head (1) and the oil filter in position through the bearing block (32) pressing on it is held.
EP98122007A 1997-11-19 1998-11-19 Cylinder head for an internal combustion engine Expired - Lifetime EP0918154B1 (en)

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JP31805197A JP3847428B2 (en) 1997-11-19 1997-11-19 Cylinder head structure of internal combustion engine
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DE10209197B4 (en) * 2001-03-10 2015-05-21 Ford Global Technologies, Llc (N.D.Ges.D. Staates Delaware) Engine assembly for an internal combustion engine with variable camshaft adjustment and mounting method therefor
DE10223431A1 (en) * 2002-05-25 2003-12-11 Ina Schaeffler Kg Internal combustion engine has hydraulic valve holders communicating with camshaft radial bearings via horizontal transverse passages on underside of cylinder head cover and vertical rising passages in bore walls of valve holders
DE10223431B4 (en) * 2002-05-25 2004-07-08 Ina-Schaeffler Kg Internal combustion engine with at least two camshafts arranged side by side, each with a device for adjusting the angle of rotation relative to a crankshaft
US6776131B2 (en) 2002-05-25 2004-08-17 Ina—Schaeffler KG Internal combustion engine with at least two camshafts arranged next to one another and in each case produced with a device for rotary angle adjustment with respect to a crankshaft
EP1865157A1 (en) 2006-06-07 2007-12-12 Ford Global Technologies, LLC An oil supply system for an internal combustion engine
EP1865156A1 (en) * 2006-06-07 2007-12-12 Ford Global Technologies, LLC A camshaft system for an internal combustion engine
US7395802B2 (en) 2006-06-07 2008-07-08 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Oil supply for internal combustion engine camshaft
US8511269B2 (en) 2006-06-07 2013-08-20 Ford Global Technologies Camshaft system for internal combustion engine

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JP3847428B2 (en) 2006-11-22
EP0918154B1 (en) 2006-05-31
JPH11148426A (en) 1999-06-02
US6035817A (en) 2000-03-14
EP0918154A3 (en) 2000-03-15
DE59813570D1 (en) 2006-07-06

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