Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
  • B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
  • B01J19/0046—Sequential or parallel reactions, e.g. for the synthesis of polypeptides or polynucleotides; Apparatus and devices for combinatorial chemistry or for making molecular arrays
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
  • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
  • B01J2219/00274—Sequential or parallel reactions; Apparatus and devices for combinatorial chemistry or for making arrays; Chemical library technology
  • B01J2219/00277—Apparatus
  • B01J2219/00279—Features relating to reactor vessels
  • B01J2219/00281—Individual reactor vessels
  • B01J2219/00286—Reactor vessels with top and bottom openings
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
  • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
  • B01J2219/00274—Sequential or parallel reactions; Apparatus and devices for combinatorial chemistry or for making arrays; Chemical library technology
  • B01J2219/00277—Apparatus
  • B01J2219/00279—Features relating to reactor vessels
  • B01J2219/00306—Reactor vessels in a multiple arrangement
  • B01J2219/00308—Reactor vessels in a multiple arrangement interchangeably mounted in racks or blocks
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
  • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
  • B01J2219/00274—Sequential or parallel reactions; Apparatus and devices for combinatorial chemistry or for making arrays; Chemical library technology
  • B01J2219/00277—Apparatus
  • B01J2219/00279—Features relating to reactor vessels
  • B01J2219/00306—Reactor vessels in a multiple arrangement
  • B01J2219/00308—Reactor vessels in a multiple arrangement interchangeably mounted in racks or blocks
  • B01J2219/0031—Reactor vessels in a multiple arrangement interchangeably mounted in racks or blocks the racks or blocks being mounted in stacked arrangements
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
  • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
  • B01J2219/00274—Sequential or parallel reactions; Apparatus and devices for combinatorial chemistry or for making arrays; Chemical library technology
  • B01J2219/00277—Apparatus
  • B01J2219/00351—Means for dispensing and evacuation of reagents
  • B01J2219/00414—Means for dispensing and evacuation of reagents using suction
  • B01J2219/00416—Vacuum
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
  • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
  • B01J2219/00274—Sequential or parallel reactions; Apparatus and devices for combinatorial chemistry or for making arrays; Chemical library technology
  • B01J2219/00277—Apparatus
  • B01J2219/00351—Means for dispensing and evacuation of reagents
  • B01J2219/00418—Means for dispensing and evacuation of reagents using pressure
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
  • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
  • B01J2219/00274—Sequential or parallel reactions; Apparatus and devices for combinatorial chemistry or for making arrays; Chemical library technology
  • B01J2219/00277—Apparatus
  • B01J2219/00351—Means for dispensing and evacuation of reagents
  • B01J2219/00423—Means for dispensing and evacuation of reagents using filtration, e.g. through porous frits
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
  • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
  • B01J2219/00274—Sequential or parallel reactions; Apparatus and devices for combinatorial chemistry or for making arrays; Chemical library technology
  • B01J2219/00277—Apparatus
  • B01J2219/00452—Means for the recovery of reactants or products
  • B01J2219/00454—Means for the recovery of reactants or products by chemical cleavage from the solid support
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
  • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
  • B01J2219/00274—Sequential or parallel reactions; Apparatus and devices for combinatorial chemistry or for making arrays; Chemical library technology
  • B01J2219/00277—Apparatus
  • B01J2219/00479—Means for mixing reactants or products in the reaction vessels
  • B01J2219/00493—Means for mixing reactants or products in the reaction vessels by sparging or bubbling with gases
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
  • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
  • B01J2219/00274—Sequential or parallel reactions; Apparatus and devices for combinatorial chemistry or for making arrays; Chemical library technology
  • B01J2219/00277—Apparatus
  • B01J2219/00497—Features relating to the solid phase supports
  • B01J2219/005—Beads
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
  • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
  • B01J2219/00274—Sequential or parallel reactions; Apparatus and devices for combinatorial chemistry or for making arrays; Chemical library technology
  • B01J2219/00583—Features relative to the processes being carried out
  • B01J2219/00585—Parallel processes
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
  • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
  • B01J2219/00274—Sequential or parallel reactions; Apparatus and devices for combinatorial chemistry or for making arrays; Chemical library technology
  • B01J2219/00583—Features relative to the processes being carried out
  • B01J2219/0059—Sequential processes
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
  • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
  • B01J2219/00274—Sequential or parallel reactions; Apparatus and devices for combinatorial chemistry or for making arrays; Chemical library technology
  • B01J2219/00583—Features relative to the processes being carried out
  • B01J2219/00596—Solid-phase processes
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C40—COMBINATORIAL TECHNOLOGY
  • C40B—COMBINATORIAL CHEMISTRY; LIBRARIES, e.g. CHEMICAL LIBRARIES
  • C40B50/00—Methods of creating libraries, e.g. combinatorial synthesis
  • C40B50/14—Solid phase synthesis, i.e. wherein one or more library building blocks are bound to a solid support during library creation; Particular methods of cleavage from the solid support
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C40—COMBINATORIAL TECHNOLOGY
  • C40B—COMBINATORIAL CHEMISTRY; LIBRARIES, e.g. CHEMICAL LIBRARIES
  • C40B60/00—Apparatus specially adapted for use in combinatorial chemistry or with libraries
  • C40B60/14—Apparatus specially adapted for use in combinatorial chemistry or with libraries for creating libraries

Definitions

• the present invention relates generally to devices for preparing combinatorial libraries by solid phase organic synthesis and, more particularly, relates to such a device having a pressure-regulated manifold for simultaneously controlling multiple reaction vessels and simultaneously treating solid phase resins contained in the reaction vessels.
• solid phase resins shall include polymeric resins and polymeric reagent resins.
• Combinatorial chemistry makes a large number of chemical variants all at one time, tests the chemical variants for bioactivity, binding with a target or other desired properties, and then isolates and identifies the most promising compounds for further development.
• chemical libraries large collections of compounds of varied structure
• Libraries may consist of molecules free in solution, linked to solid particles or beads, or arrayed on surfaces of modified microorganisms.
• Combinatorial libraries are created in the laboratory by one of two methods - split synthesis or parallel synthesis.
• split synthesis compounds are assembled on the surfaces of microparticles or beads.
• beads from previous steps are partitioned into several groups and a new building block is added.
• the different groups of beads are then recombined and separated once again to form new groups.
• the next building block is added, and the process continues until the desired combinatorial library has been assembled.
• parallel synthesis different compounds are synthesized in separate vessels (without remixing), often in an automated fashion. Unlike split synthesis, which requires a solid support, parallel synthesis can be done either on a solid support or in solution.
• Solid phase synthesis is advantageous because it permits the use of excesses of reagents to drive reactions to completion, and these excess reagents can be washed away from beads very easily afterward.
• a commonly used format for parallel synthesis is a multi-well microtiter plate. Robotics instrumentation can be used to add different reagents to separate wells of a microtiter plate in a predefined manner to produce combinatorial libraries. Hits from the library can then be identified by weli location.
• a solid phase organic synthesis device of the invention comprises a manifold and a heating block mounted to an upper surface of the manifold.
• the manifold includes an internal cavity and a first array of holes coupled to the internal cavity.
• the heating block includes a second array of holes vertically aligned with the corresponding holes of the first array.
• the first and second arrays of holes are adapted to accommodate flow-through reaction vessels.
• Each reaction vessel is secured in one of the holes of the first array and a vertically-aligned holes of the second array.
• the output ends (tips) of the reaction vessels provide communication of the inside of each vessel with the internal cavity of the manifold.
• the outlet ends Preferably, the outlet ends have an internal diameter of about 0.005 to 0.1 in.
• the flow-through reaction vessels which contain solid phase resins for solid phase organic synthesis, are controlled by regulating the pressure within the manifold to retain liquid within the vessel or to allow it to flow into the manifold.
• the manifold includes a pressure port coupled to both a regulated inert gas source and a means for controlling pressure within the manifold, and a vacuum port coupled to a means for controlling vacuum within the manifold.
• the pressure control means may be manually operated but, preferably, an electronic pressure control device will be disposed to control the pressure in the manifold to pressures in the range of atmospheric to 1.0 psig. (0 to 6.9 kPa).
• the vacuum control means may either be operated manually or be self regulating, and will provide a vacuum of about - 10 to -30 in Hg (0 to 508 ton * ) within the manifold when required.
• the solid phase organic synthesis device of the invention is intended to carry out four operations in sequence: (a) reacting materials which arc bound to solid phase resins within a liquid medium; (b) removal of the liquid medium and washing of the solid resins; (c) introduction of a cleavage solution to elute the reaction products from the resins and collecting the products; (d) concentration of the products in the collection vials.
• the reaction vessels contain liquids in contact with the resins. The liquids are retained in the reaction vessels or drained from them depending on the pressure or vacuum in the manifold.
• the products are contained in the collection vials and are concentrated by evaporation under a stream of inert gas such as nitrogen or argon.
• the device operates in three gas pressure modes for manipulation of the solid phase resins in the reaction vessels.
• the vacuum control means provides a vacuum within the manifold.
• the pressure control means applies a slight positive pressure within the manifold, typically about 0.1 psig. (0.69 kPa). thereby preventing liquid from draining from the reaction vessels.
• the pressure control means applies a stronger positive pressure within the manifold, typically about 0.2 to 1.0 psig. (1.38 to 6.9 kPa).
• the device facilitates cleavage of products bound to the solid phase resins.
• Collection vials are mounted to a rack disposed within the manifold and are vertically aligned with the corresponding flow-through reaction vessels. After treating the solid phase resins with a cleavage solution added to the reaction vessels, the products are drained from the reaction vessels into the corresponding vials. Thereafter, liquids in the vials are evaporated by placing a second manifold over the collection vials and applying a stream of inert gas to each vial to concentrate the collected products.
• FIG. 1 is an exploded isometric view of a solid phase organic synthesis device embodying the present invention
• FIG. 2 is an isometric view of the solid phase organic synthesis device after it has been assembled and connected to external pressure-regulating components
• FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken generally along line 3-3 in FIG. 2;
• FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken generally along line 4-4 in FIG. 2;
• FIG. 5 is a magnified sectional view of dotted area 5 in FIG. 4
• FIG. 6 is a sectional view similar to FIG. 3 showing the application of slight positive pressure within the manifold to keep reagents and solvents in contact with the solid phase resins in the flow-through reaction vessels during a reaction;
• FIG. 7 is a sectional view similar to FIG. 3 showing the application of a vacuum within the manifold to remove reagents and solvents from the solid phase resins in the flow- through reaction vessels during a reaction;
• FIG. 8 is a sectional view similar to FIG. 3 showing the application of slight positive pressure within the manifold to keep wash solvents in contact with the solid phase resins in the flow-through reaction vessels during washing;
• FIG. 9 is a sectional view similar to FIG. 3 showing the application of positive pressure within the manifold to mix or agitate the solid phase resins in the flow-through reaction vessels during washing;
• FIG. 10 is a sectional view similar to FIG. 3 showing the application of a vacuum within the manifold to remove wash solvents from the solid phase resins in the flow-through reaction vessels during washing;
• FIG. 1 1 is a sectional view similar to FIG. 4 showing the application of slight positive pressure within the manifold to keep a cleavage solution in contact with the solid phase resins in the flow-through reaction vessels during a cleavage reaction; and
• FIG. 12 is a sectional view similar to FIG. 4 showing the application of a vacuum within the manifold to collect products of a cleavage reaction in collection vials located beneath the flow-through reaction vessels.
• FIG. 13 is a sectional view similar to FIG. 4 except that the heating block and reaction vessels have been removed and replaced with a cover or second manifold adapted to introduce gas for evaporating solvents.
• FIGS. 1 and 2 are isometric views depicting a solid phase organic synthesis device 10 embodying the present invention.
• the device comprises three primary parts: an open polypropylene box 12, a stainless steel plate 14. and a heating block 16.
• the box 12 includes a bottom 18. a pair of opposing side walls 20a-b, and a pair of opposing end walls 22a-b.
• the side wall 20a includes a pressure port 24 connected by a flexible hose 21 to a pressure control device, and a vacuum port 26 connected by flexible hose 28b to a vacuum control device.
• FIG. 2 shows the device assembled and connected to means for controlling pressure and vacuum within the box, in this embodiment manual control of both pressure and vacuum.
• Pressure is controlled using oil bubbler 23 and a conventional regulated inert gas source (not shown) via a three-way valve 25.
• the inert gas source may supply nitrogen, argon, air. or other inert gas.
• a pressure sensor 27 is coupled to the hose 21 to measure the pressure therein.
• the side wall 20a includes a vacuum port 26 connected by a flexible hose 28a to a conventional waste trap 29 (also known as a "'vacuum trap").
• the waste trap 29 is.
• FIGS. 2-10 are used to illustrate the operations carried out with the organic synthesis device of the invention. However, they are only one mode of controlling pressure and vacuum in the manifold, as will be appreciated by those familiar with the art.
• the oil bubbler 23 serves as an indicator of the pressure in the manifold and a means by which the three-way valve 25 may be adjusted to control the pressure.
• An alternative means would replace the three-way valve 25 and the oil bubbler 23 with an electronic pressure control valve capable of providing the very low pressures needed during the sequence of operations discussed below. These pressures would range from about 0.05 to 0.2 psig. (0.34 to 1.38 kPa) during the filling of the reaction vessels with liquid, and for holding the liquid in the vessels. A pressure of about 0.2 to 1.0 psig. (1.38 to 6.9 kPa) is needed to cause gas to bubble up through the liquid in the vessels. Other methods of controlling the pressure in the manifold within the scope of the invention will be evident to the skilled worker in the art. Similarly, instead of a manually controlled valve 31. one could provide an electronically controlled valve to maintain the desired vacuum in the manifold.
• the stainless steel plate 14 includes an array of ninety-six holes 33 arranged in an eight-by-twelve matrix. (The invention is not limited to such a matrix and may use different arrays with a larger or smaller number of holes.)
• the plate 14 further includes a pair of opposing handles 34 for handling the plate 14.
• the plate 14 is placed on top of the box 12 and secured thereto using fasteners such as clamps 36.
• a gasket 40 sits partially in a groove extending about upper surfaces of the side walls 20a-b and end walls 22a-b of the box 12. The lower peripheral surface of the box 12 rests on the gasket 40.
• the combination of the upper stainless steel plate 14 and the lower box 12 defines a manifold generally in the form of a rectangular parallelepiped.
• the manifold includes an internal cavity defined by the bottom 18, the pair of opposing side walls 20a-b. the pair of opposing end walls 22a-b. and the plate 14.
• the heating block 16 includes a main body 42 and a pair of opposing feet 44 extending downward from opposing sides of the main body 42.
• the main body 42 is preferably composed of a thermally conductive metal such as aluminum, and the feet 44 are preferably composed of a thermally nonconductive plastic such as polypropylene.
• the heating block 16 further includes a pair of opposing handles 46 for handling the block 16. When the heating block 16 is placed on top of the stainless steel plate 14, the opposing feet 44 rest on opposing marginal portions of the plate 14 and create a gap between the main body 42 and the plate 14.
• an electrical box 47 is mounted to one side of the main body 42 and electrically connected to a heating pad 48 mounted beneath the main body 42.
• the electrical box 47 accommodates a power cord, line fuse, and ground and power connections.
• the heating pad 48 is a 500 watt/120 volt element commercially available from Minco of Minneapolis. Minnesota.
• a thermocouple 50 is mounted to the side of the main body 42. The gap created between the heated main body 42 and the plate 14 by the feet 44 minimizes heat transfer between the heated main body 42 and the plate 14.
• the main body 42 includes an array of ninety-six holes 52 arranged in an eight-by- twelve matrix. When the device 10 is assembled as shown in FIG. 2, the holes 52 of the main body 42 are vertically aligned with corresponding holes 33 of the plate 14.
• each aligned pair of holes 33 and 52 is adapted to accommodate a flow-through reaction vessel 54.
• the diameter of each hole 52 is only slightly greater than the outer diameter of each vessel 54 so that the vessel 54 fits snugly within the hole 52.
• the diameter of each hole 33 is substantially smaller than the diameter of each hole 52 so that the reduced-diameter distal tip of the vessel 54 can be retained within the associated hole 33.
• the peripheral inner surface defining each hole 33 is threaded, and a hollow fitting 56 is threadably inserted into each hole 33.
• the distal tip of the vessel 54 is then inserted into the hollow fitting 56.
• both the distal tip of the vessel 54 and an upper receiving portion of the hollow fitting 56 are tapered.
• a flow-through reaction vessel has openings at the top and bottom. Thus, liquid introduced through the top can flow out the bottom unless prevented from doing so.
• valves have been used, but in this invention, pressure in the manifold controls the withdrawal of liquids.
• the fittings 56 In order to achieve stable pressures within the manifold defined by box 12 and plate 14, the fittings 56 must provide adequate restriction of the gas flow.
• a luer adapter or other suitable fitting having a narrow-bore inside diameter is used to provide a restricted gas flow and stable manifold pressures.
• plate 14 is provided with fittings 56 having an internal diameter of 0.040 in.
• the internal diameter selected is related to the maximum flow rate of inert gas which is provided to the manifold and may range from about 0.005 to 0.1 in. (0.125 to 2.5 mm).
• the gas pressure in the manifold is high enough, it will prevent liquid from draining into the manifold from the reaction vessels.
• the actual pressure required will depend on the amount of liquid to be added. As the reaction vessels are being filled, the gas will pass upward through those which have not been filled.
• the amount of gas needed to maintain the pressure at a level which prevents the reaction vessels from draining will be the highest at the beginning of the filling process and gradually be reduced as the reaction vessels are filled.
• the pressure control device maintains a constant pressure inside the manifold during this process.
• the solid phase organic synthesis device 10 shown in FIGS. 1 - 12 is designed for carrying out three distinct operations: (a) reacting material bound to solid phase resins contained in the vessels 54 while in contact with liquid medium; (b) removal of the liquid medium and washing of the solid phase resins; and (c) introduction of a cleavage liquid to remove the reaction products and collection of products removed from the solid phase resins.
• solid phase resins are represented by small circles and gas bubbles (FIG. 9) are represented by larger circles.
• a fourth operation may be carried out when the reaction vessels and the heating block are replaced with a cover or second manifold 63 as shown in FIG.
• the box 12 and cover plate 14 are used.
• the heating block 16 is optional, and its use depends on the requirements of the specific reaction. Reactions at ambient temperature may be carried out without the heating block 16. Further, the device 10 can be placed in a refrigerated environment to achieve lower temperatures. During a reaction, an appropriate number of the reaction vessels 54 are inserted into the holes 33 of the cover plate 14. Unused holes 33 can be blocked with plugs, sealing corks, luer lock valves, or the like.
• the three-way valve 25 is opened, the oil bubbler 23 is turned on, and the on/off valve 31 is closed.
• a self-regulating pressure control valve is used to control pressure in the manifold.
• Reagents and solvents are then added to the reaction vessels 54, while the pressure is maintained high enough to prevent liquid from draining out through the bottom of the reaction vessels as they are filled. After being filled, 5 the reaction is allowed to proceed at the desired temperature.
• the slight positive holding pressure within the manifold keeps the reagents and solvents in contact with the solid phase resins. As shown in FIG.
• the three-way valve 25 is closed and the on/off valve 31 is opened to apply a vacuum within the manifold.
• an automatic vacuum ui control valve is used to control vacuum in the manifold.
• the drained reagents and solvents are suctioned out of the manifold through the vacuum port 26 and hose 28a. and into the waste trap 29.
• the device 10 is operated in three modes.
• the three-way valve i 25 is opened, the oil bubbler 23 is turned on, and the on/off valve 31 is closed in order to apply a slight positive holding pressure within the manifold. (Again, an automatic pressure control valve may be used.)
• the slight positive holding pressure keeps wash solvents added to the vessels 54 in contact with the solid phase resins.
• the three-way valve 25 is opened, the oil bubbler 23 is blocked off, and the on/off valve 31 is
• the three-way valve 25 is closed and the on/off valve 31 is opened in order 5 to apply a vacuum within the manifold as discussed above. The vacuum drains the wash solvents into the waste trap 29.
• a collection rack 60 (FIG. 4) holding collection vials 62 (FIG. 4) is placed within the box 12, and the device 10 is reassembled.
• complete disassembly may be avoided by providing means for inserting a collection rack through the side of the box or, alternatively, providing a separator plate between the tips of the reaction vessels and the collection vials which is withdrawn before the third operation is begun.
• the collection vials 62 are vertically aligned with the corresponding flow-through reaction vessels 54.
• Cleavage of the desired products from the solid phase resins is achieved by treating the solid phase resins with a cleavage solution added to the reaction vessels 54.
• a cleavage solution added to the reaction vessels 54.
• the three-way vah e 25 is opened, the oil bubbler 23 is turned on, and the on/off valve 31 is closed as before in order to apply a slight positive holding pressure within the manifold.
• the slight positive holding pressure keeps the cleavage solution in contact with the solid phase resins.
• the cleavage reaction is allowed to proceed for the required reaction time.
• the resultant products from the cleavage reaction are collected directly into the vials 62 by closing the three-way valve 25 and opening the on/off valve 31 to apply a vacuum within the manifold as before.
• use of automatic pressure and vacuum control valves may be substituted for the manually controlled facilities shown.
• the resultant products in the vials 62 may subsequently be taken to dryness by removal of volatile components either under a stream of inert gas or by concentration under vacuum.
• the resultant products are free of major contaminants such as polymeric byproducts, reagents, or solvents used in the process.
• the resultant products may be used directly for evaluation of biological and/or physical properties or, alternatively, may be purified by conventional purification techniques such as distillation, crystallization, or chromatography to remove minor impurities.
• FIG. 13 One method of concentrating samples is shown in FIG. 13.
• the reaction vessels 54 can be removed from plate 14 and the apparatus fitted with top cover 63. which has dimensions similar to the bottom manifold 12.
• the top cover or second manifold 63 is sealed with a gasket 64 which sits partially in a groove extending upward into the walls of the box of manifold 63.
• An inert gas line 65 is fitted to the top of manifold 63 to provide suitable flo of gas for evaporation of the volatile components in vials 62.
• the gasket 64 creates a seal between the top manifold 63 and the plate 40 such that the inert gas is forced through the fittings 56 and directly into vials 62. Pressure of the inert gas entering the top manifold is kept below 2 psig.

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• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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• 1997
  • 1997-08-11 JP JP50996298A patent/JP2002514132A/ja active Pending
  • 1997-08-11 EP EP97938249A patent/EP0917493A1/de not_active Ceased
  • 1997-08-11 AU AU40625/97A patent/AU4062597A/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1997-08-11 WO PCT/US1997/014179 patent/WO1998006490A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation

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