EP0911080A1 - Centrifuge with dismountable rotor and a device for the axial locking of the rotor on the drive shaft and rotor for such a centrifuge - Google Patents

Centrifuge with dismountable rotor and a device for the axial locking of the rotor on the drive shaft and rotor for such a centrifuge Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0911080A1
EP0911080A1 EP98402433A EP98402433A EP0911080A1 EP 0911080 A1 EP0911080 A1 EP 0911080A1 EP 98402433 A EP98402433 A EP 98402433A EP 98402433 A EP98402433 A EP 98402433A EP 0911080 A1 EP0911080 A1 EP 0911080A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rotor
head
drive
drive head
centrifuge
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP98402433A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0911080B1 (en
Inventor
Jean Claude Letourneur
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Jouan SA
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Jouan SA
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B9/00—Drives specially designed for centrifuges; Arrangement or disposition of transmission gearing; Suspending or balancing rotary bowls
    • B04B9/08—Arrangement or disposition of transmission gearing ; Couplings; Brakes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B7/00—Elements of centrifuges
    • B04B7/02—Casings; Lids
    • B04B2007/025—Lids for laboratory centrifuge rotors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B9/00—Drives specially designed for centrifuges; Arrangement or disposition of transmission gearing; Suspending or balancing rotary bowls
    • B04B9/08—Arrangement or disposition of transmission gearing ; Couplings; Brakes
    • B04B2009/085—Locking means between drive shaft and rotor
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T403/00—Joints and connections
    • Y10T403/60—Biased catch or latch
    • Y10T403/602—Biased catch or latch by separate spring
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T403/00—Joints and connections
    • Y10T403/60—Biased catch or latch
    • Y10T403/608—Pivoted

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a centrifuge of the type comprising a rotational drive head integral a rotation shaft, a rotor that can be mounted removably on the drive head, in a position rotary drive, coupling means in rotation of the drive head and the rotor, and a axial rotor locking device on the head drive comprising application means, on the rotor, of an axial holding force of a bearing surface of the rotor against a retaining surface integral with the head training.
  • centrifuges are, in particular, used in the biological field to centrifuge products contained in containers arranged in housings formed in the rotor.
  • a drive head of such a centrifuge generally has a vertical axis and extends the upper part a training axis.
  • a corresponding rotor is provided with a lower opening for receiving the head.
  • WO 83/04379 describes a centrifuge of the aforementioned type in which the axial holding force of the rotor is exerted by a helical spring bearing, on the one hand, on an upper shoulder of a closing lid the rotor and, on the other hand, on a lower shoulder an actuating member, a rod of which is intended to be axially retained by snap-fastening in an axial bore of the training head.
  • a user can manually disconnect the rotor and drive head thanks to the body actuation, by compressing the helical spring.
  • the holding force axial is constant and limited to values allowing manual use of the actuator.
  • This axial holding force may prove to be insufficient, especially at high rotational speeds, such than those encountered in ultracentrifuges and which can reach 150,000 rpm.
  • centrifuge described in the document WO 83/04379 involves using a cover closing the rotor to be able to lock the rotor axially on the drive head, which complicates assembly / disassembly operations of the rotor on the drive head.
  • the object of the invention is to solve these problems by providing a centrifuge with a locking device axial is suitable for a wide range of rotational speeds of the drive head, and simplifies operations mounting / dismounting the rotor on the head training.
  • the invention relates to a centrifuge of the type comprising a rotary drive head integral with a rotation shaft, a rotor which can be removably mounted on the drive head, in a rotational drive position, means rotating coupling of the drive head and the rotor, and an axial rotor locking device on the drive head comprising application means, on the rotor, of an axial holding force of a surface of the rotor against a retaining surface integral with the drive head, characterized in that the means application of a holding force are means application of an increasing holding force with speed of rotation of the drive head.
  • the invention finally relates to a rotor for a centrifuge as defined above, characterized in that it includes a reception opening of at least one end part of a drive head of a centrifuge, said opening having a bearing surface against a retaining surface secured to the head drive, and at least one ramp surface intended for cooperate with a thrust part of a flyweight of the drive head, this ramp surface being inclined towards the inside of the opening and towards the bearing surface.
  • FIG. 1 partially shows a centrifuge 1 essentially comprising a drive head 2, a rotor 3 mounted in the drive position on the head 2, a removable cover 4 closing the rotor 3, and an actuating member 5 secured to the cover 4.
  • the rotor 3 is of generally frustoconical shape converging towards an upper face 6 (in FIG. 1) of the rotor 3, and it is made, for example, of aluminum.
  • This bore 7 is delimited successively from a lower face 8 of the rotor 3, by a bearing surface frustoconical 9 converging towards the upper surface 6, by a cylindrical surface 10, by a frustoconical surface of ramp 11 diverging towards the upper surface 6, then by two successive cylindrical surfaces 12 and 13, respectively larger diameter and smaller diameter, connected by a shoulder 14 substantially orthogonal to the axis rotor 3.
  • the ramp surface 11 is inclined towards inside the bore 7 and towards the bearing surface 9.
  • the ramp surface 11, the cylindrical surface 12 and the shoulder 14 define an annular groove 15.
  • the angle of convergence of the bearing surface 9 by relative to the axis of the rotor 3 is approximately 30 °.
  • the angle of divergence of the ramp surface 11 relative to the axis of the rotor 3 is approximately 75 °.
  • the upper surface 6 has a peripheral rim annular 16 projecting axially from the surface 6.
  • the rotor 3 comprises housings 100 (one of which only is shown in Figure 1), opening into the surface 6, for ampoules or other containers intended for contain products to be centrifuged.
  • a cap 17, of generally cylindrical stepped shape, is fixed by a flange 18 on the upper surface 6 of the rotor 3, coaxially with the latter.
  • a lower part cylindrical 19 of the cap 17 is received at low clearance in the part of bore 7 delimited by the surface cylindrical 13. The cap 17 closes the bore 7.
  • the cap 17 is crossed by a stepped bore central 22 comprising an upper cylindrical part 23 (in Figure 1) of larger diameter and threaded, and a lower cylindrical part 24 of smaller diameter.
  • the cover 4 has a generally frustoconical shape, and it is provided on its lower surface 25 (in the figure 1) a peripheral rim 26 projecting axially from this surface 25.
  • the cover 4 is crossed by a central opening circular 27.
  • the cover 4 is removably attached and watertight on the rotor 3, as described below.
  • the ledge 26 of the cover 4 is fitted inside the flange 16 of the rotor 3 and the cover 4 is coaxial with the rotor 3.
  • the actuator 5, shown in position rest in Figure 1, includes a cylindrical body 28 crossed by a central bore 29, a sliding rod 30 in the bore 29, and a handle 31 secured to the cylindrical body 28.
  • the lower part of the body 28 is externally threaded.
  • the upper end of the rod 30 is extended by a knob 32, coaxial with the rod 30.
  • the knob 32 is connected to the rod 30 via a lower face 33 of the knob 32, substantially orthogonal to the axis of the rod 30, and of diameter greater than that of rod 30.
  • the rod 30 is provided on its outer surface a transverse groove in which an elastic ring 34 is received.
  • the lower end 35 of the rod 30 is tapered.
  • a spring 36 is threaded on the rod 30 and takes support, on the one hand, on an upper surface 37 of the body 28 and, on the other hand, on the lower surface 33 of the pommel 32.
  • the handle 31 is a generally cylindrical piece stepped, crossed by a central bore 39, in which an upper part of the body 28, the spring 36 and a lower part of the knob 32 is received.
  • the body 28 is fixed to the handle 31 coaxially. Spring 36 and the lower part of the knob 32 can slide in bore 39.
  • the upper part of larger diameter 40 of the handle 31 is knurled.
  • the actuator 5 is symmetrical with respect to to a longitudinal axis.
  • the body 28 passes through the opening 27 and it is fixed on the cover 4 by sealingly sealing this opening 27.
  • the rotor 3, the cover 4 and the member actuation 5 are coaxial.
  • the lower part of the body 28 is screwed into the part 23 of the bore 22 of the cap 17, thus ensuring fixing the cover 4 to the rotor 3.
  • an upper part knob 32 is located projecting from an upper surface 41 of the handle 31 and the end tapered 35 of the rod 30 is projecting axially below the surface lower 20 of the cap 17, the rod 30 passing through bore 29 and bore 22.
  • the elastic ring 34 is in support against the lower surface of the body 28 and the spring 36 is slightly compressed.
  • the head drive is symmetrical about an axis 42 and it is attached to the upper end of a rotation shaft 43 vertical of centrifuge 1, coaxially to the latter.
  • the axis of rotation of the rotation shaft 43 and of the drive head 2 is coincident with the axis 42, and it is shown in phantom in Figure 1.
  • the drive head 2 successively comprises a cylindrical part 44 for connection to the shaft drive 43, a frusto-conical part 45, converging towards an upper surface 46 of the head 2 and delimited by a retaining surface 47, and an upper end portion 48 of generally cylindrical shape, delimited above by the surface 46 which is substantially orthogonal to axis 42.
  • the diameter of the cylindrical part 44 is less the largest diameter of the frustoconical part 45, and the radially outer surface 49 of the part 48 extends the retaining surface 47.
  • the angle of convergence of the retaining surface 47 with respect to the axis 42 is approximately 30 ° and corresponds to the angle of convergence of the bearing surface 9 of the rotor 3.
  • Two identical recesses 51 are provided in the cylindrical part 48, substantially equal distance from the edge upper of the retaining surface 47 and of the surface 46, and symmetrically with respect to a plane 52 (Figure 2) passing through the axis 42 and orthogonal to the plane of Figure 1.
  • These recesses 51 are cylindrical in shape, with a parallel axis at axis 42, and at base in circular segment.
  • These recesses 51 define between them a wall central 53 vertical. This wall 53 is crossed by a transverse recess 54, of axis orthogonal to the plane 52, and of rectangular base.
  • a vertical blind bore 55 coaxial to the head 2, and opening into the surface 46, passes through the wall 43 of the cylindrical part 48. This bore extends into the wall 53 below the recess 54. The diameter of this bore 55 corresponds substantially to the outside diameter of the rod 30 of the actuating member 5.
  • the drive head 2 includes two weights identical 56. These flyweights 56 each include a body 57 of shape corresponding to that of the recesses 51, and an actuating tail 58 extending the corresponding body 57 at the level of an upper part of its lateral face plane 59.
  • the counterweights 56 are produced, by example, bronze or stainless steel.
  • the weights 56 are each mounted to rotate on the drive head 2, in a recess 51, by means pegs 61 with axes parallel to axis 42 and traversing each one of the recesses 51.
  • Weights 56 are mounted symmetrically relative to axis 42.
  • the pins 61 are offset from the plane 62 (plane of FIG. 1) orthogonal to plane 52 and passing by axis 42.
  • the tails 58 are received in the recess 54 of the wall 53.
  • Coil return springs 63 are arranged away from the pins 61 between each counterweight 56 and the wall 53.
  • Weights 56 have lateral surfaces curved thrust 64 whose upper edge 65 is chamfered ( Figure 1) and whose lower edge 66 is rounded.
  • the surface 46 of the head 2 is provided with two nipples 67 coupling in rotation, projecting axially from this surface 46, and diametrically opposite to each other relative to axis 42.
  • the flyweights 56 are movable in rotation around pins 61 each between an unlocking position axial of the rotor 3 and of the drive head 2, and a position axial locking of the rotor 3 on the dependent head 2 the speed of rotation of the drive head as explained below.
  • centrifuge 1 To use centrifuge 1, a user proceed, for example, as described below.
  • the user places containers containing products to be centrifuged in the housings 100, then fix the cover 4 on the rotor 3, using the handle 31, by screwing the body 28 of the organ 5. Knurling of part 40 of the handle 31 ensures good grip of the handle 31.
  • Weights 56 are initially in a position intermediate between the positions represented on Figures 2 and 3, the springs 63 not being compressed.
  • the bearing support surface 9 of the rotor 3 cooperates with the upper edge 65 of the pushing surfaces 64 weights 56 and push the weights 56 towards their unlocking positions ( Figure 4) by compressing the springs 63.
  • the retaining surface 47 of the drive head 2 allows the rotor 3 to be centered on the head 2.
  • the rotor 3 is then mounted on the head drive 2 in drive position as shown in Figure 1.
  • the rotor 3 and the drive head 2 are then coaxial.
  • the rotating coupling of the drive head 2 and the rotor 3 is ensured by the nipples 21 of the cap 17 and the nipples 67 of the head 2 which are supported on each other.
  • Axial locking of rotor 3 on the head drive 2 is provided, on the one hand, by support of the bearing surface 9 of the rotor 3 on the retaining surface 47 of the drive head 2 and, on the other hand, by the effect of the gravity applying to rotor 3 and by the force of axial support exerted by the springs 63 on the rotor 3 through the lower edges 66 of the weights 56 and the inclined ramp surface 11.
  • This axial blocking is sufficient to be able to start to drive the rotor 3 rotating safely.
  • the user presses on the knob 32 so to fully retract it into bore 39 by compressing the spring 36.
  • the tapered end 35 of the rod 30 penetrates simultaneously in the bore 55.
  • the tails 58 of the counterweights 56 are supported on the lateral surface of the rod 30 which gradually spreads simultaneously radially towards outside the tails 58 of the flyweights 56, until these resume their axial release positions (figure 4).
  • the user can then remove the rotor 3 from the drive head 2 by lifting the latter, in particular by using the handle 31 of the actuating member 5.
  • the angle of convergence of the frustoconical surfaces 9 and 47 makes it possible to avoid the fitting of the rotor 3 on the head drive 2 and thus facilitates disassembly of the rotor 3, all the more so as the increasing holding force of the rotor 3 on the head 2 substantially compensates for the lifting force acting on the rotor 3 during its rotation.
  • angle of convergence frustoconical surfaces 9 and 47 conjugate can be between 25 and 45 °.
  • the angle of divergence of the ramp surface 11 can be between 70 and 80 °.
  • the axial locking device of the centrifuge of figure 1 is completely arranged in the head 2 and thus has the advantage of allowing the use of a rotor 1 without its cover as illustrated by figure 4.
  • the centrifuge 1 of FIG. 5 is distinguished from that of FIG. 1 in that the cover 4 has been removed from the rotor 3 and in that the rod 30 and the handle 31 of the member actuation 5, came integrally with the body 28.
  • the handle 31 is crossed by a transverse bar facilitating his seizure.
  • the user screws the body 28 of the operating member 5 in the bore 22 of the cap 17, thereby causing penetration of the tapered end 35 of the rod 30 in the bore 55 of the head 2, which causes, analogously to the case of FIG. 1, by thrust on the tails 58, the movement of the flyweights 56 towards their axial unlocking positions of the rotor 3 and the drive head 2.
  • the user can then disassemble the rotor 3 of the drive head 2, for example using the handle 31 of the actuating member 5 for lifting the rotor 3.
  • This feature simplifies the rotor 3 mounting / dismounting operations on the head 2, especially for users who want centrifuge sealed tubes at low speed.
  • the axial release operation is very simple and allows the user to have both hands free to extract the rotor 3 from the drive head 2.

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Abstract

A centrifuge has a rotating driving head (2) fixed to a rotating shaft (43), a rotor (3) fixed to the driving head, a means (21) of coupling the driving head and the rotor in rotation, and a means of blocking axial movement on the shaft comprising a means of applying an axial force to a surface (9) of the rotor where the force increases with the rotational speed of the driving head. The means of applying an axial force to the rotor has at least two inertial masses (56) mounted on one end of the driving head symmetrically about its axis of rotation (42). Each mass can be moved between a position unblocking the rotor axially, in which the mass is retracted into the driving head, and a position blocking the rotor axially, depending on the speed of rotation of the head. In this position, the pressing part of the mass extends beyond the external radial surface (49) of the driving head and acts with a ramped surface (11) to a receiving opening (7) on the rotor. This ramped surface is inclined towards the inside of the opening and towards the pressing surface (9) of the rotor. The ramp is conical. At least one mass is held elastically from its retracted position to an initial blocking position. The pressing surface (9) and the holding surface (47) are conical and matched. At least one mass is a shock load to produce a resonant signal during the blocking. An Independent claim is included for a rotor for a centrifuge as above with a receiving opening for at least one end of a driving head, with a surface pressing against the holding surface and at least one ramp which acts with part of a mass, inclined towards the inside from the outside and towards the pressing surface.

Description

La présente invention concerne une centrifugeuse du type comprenant une tête d'entraínement en rotation solidaire d'un arbre de rotation, un rotor pouvant être monté de manière amovible sur la tête d'entraínement, dans une position d'entraínement en rotation, des moyens d'accouplement en rotation de la tête d'entraínement et du rotor, et un dispositif de blocage axial du rotor sur la tête d'entraínement comprenant des moyens d'application, sur le rotor, d'une force de maintien axial d'une surface d'appui du rotor contre une surface de retenue solidaire de la tête d'entraínement.The present invention relates to a centrifuge of the type comprising a rotational drive head integral a rotation shaft, a rotor that can be mounted removably on the drive head, in a position rotary drive, coupling means in rotation of the drive head and the rotor, and a axial rotor locking device on the head drive comprising application means, on the rotor, of an axial holding force of a bearing surface of the rotor against a retaining surface integral with the head training.

De telles centrifugeuses sont, en particulier, utilisées dans le domaine biologique pour centrifuger des produits contenus dans des récipients disposés dans des logements ménagés dans le rotor.Such centrifuges are, in particular, used in the biological field to centrifuge products contained in containers arranged in housings formed in the rotor.

Une tête d'entraínement d'une telle centrifugeuse est généralement d'axe vertical et prolonge la partie supérieure d'un axe d'entraínement. Un rotor correspondant est muni d'une ouverture inférieure de réception de la tête.A drive head of such a centrifuge generally has a vertical axis and extends the upper part a training axis. A corresponding rotor is provided with a lower opening for receiving the head.

Lorsque le rotor est entraíné en rotation par la tête d'entraínement, ce dernier est soumis à des efforts qui tendent à le désolidariser axialement de la tête d'entraínement et à le faire décoller.When the rotor is rotated by the drive head, the latter is subjected to forces which tend to separate it axially from the head and take it off.

Divers dispositifs de blocage axial du rotor sur la tête d'entraínement existent actuellement.Various axial rotor locking devices on the drive head currently exist.

Le document WO 83/04379 décrit une centrifugeuse du type précité dans laquelle la force de maintien axial du rotor est exercée par un ressort hélicoïdal prenant appui, d'une part, sur un épaulement supérieur d'un couvercle fermant le rotor et, d'autre part, sur un épaulement inférieur d'un organe d'actionnement dont une tige est destinée à être retenue axialement par encliquetage dans un alésage axial de la tête d'entraínement.WO 83/04379 describes a centrifuge of the aforementioned type in which the axial holding force of the rotor is exerted by a helical spring bearing, on the one hand, on an upper shoulder of a closing lid the rotor and, on the other hand, on a lower shoulder an actuating member, a rod of which is intended to be axially retained by snap-fastening in an axial bore of the training head.

Un utilisateur peut désolidariser manuellement le rotor et la tête d'entraínement grâce à l'organe d'actionnement, en venant comprimer le ressort hélicoïdal. A user can manually disconnect the rotor and drive head thanks to the body actuation, by compressing the helical spring.

Dans cette centrifugeuse, la force de maintien axial est constante et limitée à des valeurs permettant l'utilisation manuelle de l'organe d'actionnement.In this centrifuge, the holding force axial is constant and limited to values allowing manual use of the actuator.

Cette force de maintien axial peut s'avérer insuffisante, notamment aux fortes vitesses de rotation, telles que celles rencontrées dans les ultracentrifugeuses et qui peuvent atteindre 150000 tr/mn.This axial holding force may prove to be insufficient, especially at high rotational speeds, such than those encountered in ultracentrifuges and which can reach 150,000 rpm.

De plus, la centrifugeuse décrite dans le document WO 83/04379 implique d'utiliser un couvercle fermant le rotor pour pouvoir assurer le blocage axial du rotor sur la tête d'entraínement, ce qui complique les opérations de montage/démontage du rotor sur la tête d'entraínement.In addition, the centrifuge described in the document WO 83/04379 involves using a cover closing the rotor to be able to lock the rotor axially on the drive head, which complicates assembly / disassembly operations of the rotor on the drive head.

L'invention a pour objet de résoudre ces problèmes en fournissant une centrifugeuse dont le dispositif de blocage axial est adapté à une grande plage de vitesses de rotation de la tête d'entraínement, et simplifie les opérations de montage/démontage du rotor sur la tête d'entraínement.The object of the invention is to solve these problems by providing a centrifuge with a locking device axial is suitable for a wide range of rotational speeds of the drive head, and simplifies operations mounting / dismounting the rotor on the head training.

A cet effet, l'invention a pour objet une centrifugeuse du type comprenant une tête d'entraínement en rotation solidaire d'un arbre de rotation, un rotor pouvant être monté de manière amovible sur la tête d'entraínement, dans une position d'entraínement en rotation, des moyens d'accouplement en rotation de la tête d'entraínement et du rotor, et un dispositif de blocage axial du rotor sur la tête d'entraínement comprenant des moyens d'application, sur le rotor, d'une force de maintien axial d'une surface d'appui du rotor contre une surface de retenue solidaire de la tête d'entraínement, caractérisée en ce que les moyens d'application d'une force de maintien sont des moyens d'application d'une force de maintien croissante avec la vitesse de rotation de la tête d'entraínement.To this end, the invention relates to a centrifuge of the type comprising a rotary drive head integral with a rotation shaft, a rotor which can be removably mounted on the drive head, in a rotational drive position, means rotating coupling of the drive head and the rotor, and an axial rotor locking device on the drive head comprising application means, on the rotor, of an axial holding force of a surface of the rotor against a retaining surface integral with the drive head, characterized in that the means application of a holding force are means application of an increasing holding force with speed of rotation of the drive head.

Selon des modes particuliers de réalisation, la centrifugeuse peut comprendre l'une ou plusieurs des caractéristiques suivantes :

  • les moyens d'application d'une force de maintien comprennent au moins deux masselottes d'inertie montées, de manière symétrique par rapport à l'axe de rotation de la tête d'entraínement, sur une partie d'extrémité de la tête d'entraínement, mobiles chacune entre une position de déblocage axial du rotor et de la tête d'entraínement, dans laquelle la masselotte est rétractée dans la tête d'entraínement, et une position de blocage axial du rotor sur la tête d'entraínement dépendant de la vitesse de rotation de la tête d'entraínement, dans laquelle une partie de poussée de la masselotte est en saillie par rapport à une surface radialement extérieure de la tête d'entraínement et coopère avec une surface de rampe d'une ouverture de réception de la partie d'extrémité de la tête d'entraínement ménagée dans le rotor, cette surface de rampe étant inclinée vers l'intérieur de l'ouverture et vers la surface d'appui du rotor ;
  • la surface de rampe est sensiblement tronconique ;
  • au moins une masselotte est rappelée élastiquement depuis sa position rétractée vers une position de blocage axial initial du rotor sur la tête d'entraínement ;
  • les masselottes sont montées à rotation sur la partie d'extrémité de la tête d'entraínement et comprennent chacune un appendice de manoeuvre actionnable simultanément par un organe extérieur, lorsque le rotor est en position d'entraínement, pour ramener les masselottes dans leurs positions rétractées de déblocage axial du rotor et de la tête d'entraínement ;
  • la surface d'appui du rotor et la surface de retenue de la tête d'entraínement sont sensiblement tronconiques et conjuguées, la surface de retenue formant une surface de centrage du rotor sur la tête d'entraínement ; et
  • une masselotte est une masselotte de choc pour provoquer un signal sonore lors du blocage axial du rotor sur la tête d'entraínement.
According to particular embodiments, the centrifuge can include one or more of the following characteristics:
  • the means for applying a holding force comprise at least two inertia weights mounted, symmetrically with respect to the axis of rotation of the drive head, on an end portion of the head drive, each movable between an axial unlocking position of the rotor and of the drive head, in which the counterweight is retracted in the drive head, and an axial locking position of the rotor on the drive head dependent on the speed of rotation of the drive head, in which a thrust part of the counterweight projects from a radially outer surface of the drive head and cooperates with a ramp surface of an opening for receiving the end part of the drive head formed in the rotor, this ramp surface being inclined towards the inside of the opening and towards the bearing surface of the rotor;
  • the ramp surface is substantially frustoconical;
  • at least one counterweight is returned elastically from its retracted position to an initial axial locking position of the rotor on the drive head;
  • the weights are rotatably mounted on the end part of the drive head and each comprise a maneuvering appendage actuated simultaneously by an external member, when the rotor is in the drive position, to return the weights to their retracted positions axial release of the rotor and the drive head;
  • the bearing surface of the rotor and the retaining surface of the drive head are substantially frustoconical and conjugate, the retaining surface forming a centering surface of the rotor on the drive head; and
  • a flyweight is a shock flyweight to cause an audible signal during the axial locking of the rotor on the drive head.

L'invention a enfin pour objet un rotor pour une centrifugeuse telle que définie ci-dessus, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend une ouverture de réception d'au moins une partie d'extrémité d'une tête d'entraínement d'une centrifugeuse, ladite ouverture présentant une surface d'appui contre une surface de retenue solidaire de la tête d'entraínement, et au moins une surface de rampe destinée à coopérer avec une partie de poussée d'une masselotte de la tête d'entraínement, cette surface de rampe étant inclinée vers l'intérieur de l'ouverture et vers la surface d'appui.The invention finally relates to a rotor for a centrifuge as defined above, characterized in that it includes a reception opening of at least one end part of a drive head of a centrifuge, said opening having a bearing surface against a retaining surface secured to the head drive, and at least one ramp surface intended for cooperate with a thrust part of a flyweight of the drive head, this ramp surface being inclined towards the inside of the opening and towards the bearing surface.

Selon des modes particuliers de réalisation, le rotor peut comprendre l'une ou plusieurs des caractéristiques suivantes :

  • la surface de rampe est sensiblement tronconique ; et
  • la surface d'appui est sensiblement tronconique. L'invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture de la description qui va suivre, donnée uniquement à titre d'exemple, et faite en se référant aux dessins annexés sur lesquels :
  • la figure 1 est une vue latérale en coupe partielle d'une centrifugeuse selon l'invention, la tête d'entraínement étant représentée en vue latérale,
  • les figures 2, 3 et 4 sont des vues en coupe de la tête d'entraínement de la centrifugeuse de la figure 1, prises suivant la ligne II-II de la figure 1, et représentant respectivement les masselottes en position de blocage initial, en position de blocage lorsque la tête d'entraínement tourne, et en position de déblocage, et
  • la figure 5 est une vue analogue à la figure 1, illustrant l'utilisation d'un rotor sans couvercle.
According to particular embodiments, the rotor can include one or more of the following characteristics:
  • the ramp surface is substantially frustoconical; and
  • the bearing surface is substantially frustoconical. The invention will be better understood on reading the description which follows, given solely by way of example, and made with reference to the appended drawings in which:
  • FIG. 1 is a side view in partial section of a centrifuge according to the invention, the drive head being shown in side view,
  • Figures 2, 3 and 4 are sectional views of the drive head of the centrifuge of Figure 1, taken along the line II-II of Figure 1, and respectively representing the weights in the initial locking position, blocking position when the drive head rotates, and in the unlocking position, and
  • Figure 5 is a view similar to Figure 1, illustrating the use of a rotor without cover.

La figure 1 représente partiellement une centrifugeuse 1 comprenant essentiellement une tête d'entraínement 2, un rotor 3 monté en position d'entraínement sur la tête d'entraínement 2, un couvercle amovible 4 fermant le rotor 3, et un organe d'actionnement 5 solidaire du couvercle 4. Figure 1 partially shows a centrifuge 1 essentially comprising a drive head 2, a rotor 3 mounted in the drive position on the head 2, a removable cover 4 closing the rotor 3, and an actuating member 5 secured to the cover 4.

Le rotor 3 est de forme générale tronconique convergeant vers une face supérieure 6 (sur la figure 1) du rotor 3, et il est réalisé, par exemple, en aluminium. Un alésage étagé 7, coaxial au rotor 3, traverse ce dernier.The rotor 3 is of generally frustoconical shape converging towards an upper face 6 (in FIG. 1) of the rotor 3, and it is made, for example, of aluminum. A bore stepped 7, coaxial with the rotor 3, crosses the latter.

Cet alésage 7 est délimité successivement depuis une face inférieure 8 du rotor 3, par une surface d'appui tronconique 9 convergeant vers la surface supérieure 6, par une surface cylindrique 10, par une surface tronconique de rampe 11 divergeant vers la surface supérieure 6, puis par deux surfaces cylindriques successives 12 et 13, respectivement de plus grand diamètre et de plus petit diamètre, reliées par un épaulement 14 sensiblement orthogonal à l'axe du rotor 3.This bore 7 is delimited successively from a lower face 8 of the rotor 3, by a bearing surface frustoconical 9 converging towards the upper surface 6, by a cylindrical surface 10, by a frustoconical surface of ramp 11 diverging towards the upper surface 6, then by two successive cylindrical surfaces 12 and 13, respectively larger diameter and smaller diameter, connected by a shoulder 14 substantially orthogonal to the axis rotor 3.

La surface de rampe 11 est inclinée vers l'intérieur de l'alésage 7 et vers la surface d'appui 9.The ramp surface 11 is inclined towards inside the bore 7 and towards the bearing surface 9.

La surface de rampe 11, la surface cylindrique 12 et l'épaulement 14 délimitent une gorge annulaire 15.The ramp surface 11, the cylindrical surface 12 and the shoulder 14 define an annular groove 15.

L'angle de convergence de la surface d'appui 9 par rapport à l'axe du rotor 3 est d'environ 30°.The angle of convergence of the bearing surface 9 by relative to the axis of the rotor 3 is approximately 30 °.

L'angle de divergence de la surface de rampe 11 par rapport à l'axe du rotor 3 est d'environ 75°.The angle of divergence of the ramp surface 11 relative to the axis of the rotor 3 is approximately 75 °.

La surface supérieure 6 présente un rebord périphérique annulaire 16 en saillie axiale par rapport à la surface 6.The upper surface 6 has a peripheral rim annular 16 projecting axially from the surface 6.

Le rotor 3 comprend des logements 100 (dont un seul est représenté sur la figure 1), débouchant dans la surface 6, pour des ampoules ou autres récipients destinés à contenir des produits à centrifuger.The rotor 3 comprises housings 100 (one of which only is shown in Figure 1), opening into the surface 6, for ampoules or other containers intended for contain products to be centrifuged.

Un capuchon 17, de forme générale cylindrique étagée, est fixé par une bride 18 sur la surface supérieure 6 du rotor 3, de manière coaxiale à ce dernier. Une partie inférieure cylindrique 19 du capuchon 17 est reçue à faible jeu dans la partie de l'alésage 7 délimitée par la surface cylindrique 13. Le capuchon 17 obture l'alésage 7.A cap 17, of generally cylindrical stepped shape, is fixed by a flange 18 on the upper surface 6 of the rotor 3, coaxially with the latter. A lower part cylindrical 19 of the cap 17 is received at low clearance in the part of bore 7 delimited by the surface cylindrical 13. The cap 17 closes the bore 7.

La surface inférieure 20, sensiblement orthogonale à l'axe du rotor 3, de la partie 19 de ce capuchon 17, est munie de deux tétons 21 d'accouplement en rotation, en saillie axiale par rapport à la surface 20, et diamétralement opposés l'un à l'autre par rapport à l'axe du rotor 3.The lower surface 20, substantially orthogonal to the axis of the rotor 3, of the part 19 of this cap 17, is provided with two pins 21 for rotating coupling, in axial projection relative to the surface 20, and diametrically opposite to each other with respect to the axis of the rotor 3.

Le capuchon 17 est traversé par un alésage étagé central 22 comprenant une partie cylindrique supérieure 23 (sur la figure 1) de plus grand diamètre et filetée, et une partie cylindrique inférieure 24 de plus petit diamètre.The cap 17 is crossed by a stepped bore central 22 comprising an upper cylindrical part 23 (in Figure 1) of larger diameter and threaded, and a lower cylindrical part 24 of smaller diameter.

Le couvercle 4 a une forme générale tronconique, et il est muni sur sa surface inférieure 25 (sur la figure 1) d'un rebord périphérique 26 en saillie axiale sur cette surface 25.The cover 4 has a generally frustoconical shape, and it is provided on its lower surface 25 (in the figure 1) a peripheral rim 26 projecting axially from this surface 25.

Le couvercle 4 est traversé par une ouverture centrale circulaire 27.The cover 4 is crossed by a central opening circular 27.

Le couvercle 4 est fixé de manière amovible et étanche sur le rotor 3, comme décrit ci-après. Le rebord 26 du couvercle 4 est ajusté à l'intérieur du rebord 16 du rotor 3 et le couvercle 4 est coaxial au rotor 3.The cover 4 is removably attached and watertight on the rotor 3, as described below. The ledge 26 of the cover 4 is fitted inside the flange 16 of the rotor 3 and the cover 4 is coaxial with the rotor 3.

L'organe d'actionnement 5, représenté en position de repos sur la figure 1, comprend un corps cylindrique 28 traversé par un alésage 29 central, une tige 30 coulissant dans l'alésage 29, et une poignée 31 solidaire du corps cylindrique 28.The actuator 5, shown in position rest in Figure 1, includes a cylindrical body 28 crossed by a central bore 29, a sliding rod 30 in the bore 29, and a handle 31 secured to the cylindrical body 28.

La partie inférieure du corps 28 est filetée extérieurement.The lower part of the body 28 is externally threaded.

L'extrémité supérieure de la tige 30 est prolongée par un pommeau 32, coaxial à la tige 30. Le pommeau 32 est relié à la tige 30 par l'intermédiaire d'une face inférieure 33 du pommeau 32, sensiblement orthogonale à l'axe de la tige 30, et de diamètre supérieur à celui de la tige 30.The upper end of the rod 30 is extended by a knob 32, coaxial with the rod 30. The knob 32 is connected to the rod 30 via a lower face 33 of the knob 32, substantially orthogonal to the axis of the rod 30, and of diameter greater than that of rod 30.

La tige 30 est munie sur sa surface extérieure d'une gorge transversale dans laquelle un jonc élastique 34 est reçu.The rod 30 is provided on its outer surface a transverse groove in which an elastic ring 34 is received.

L'extrémité inférieure 35 de la tige 30 est effilée.The lower end 35 of the rod 30 is tapered.

Un ressort 36 est enfilé sur la tige 30 et prend appui, d'une part, sur une surface supérieure 37 du corps 28 et, d'autre part, sur la surface inférieure 33 du pommeau 32.A spring 36 is threaded on the rod 30 and takes support, on the one hand, on an upper surface 37 of the body 28 and, on the other hand, on the lower surface 33 of the pommel 32.

La poignée 31 est une pièce de forme générale cylindrique étagée, traversée par un alésage central 39, dans lequel une partie supérieure du corps 28, le ressort 36 et une partie inférieure du pommeau 32 sont reçus. Le corps 28 est fixé à la poignée 31 de manière coaxiale. Le ressort 36 et la partie inférieure du pommeau 32 peuvent coulisser dans l'alésage 39.The handle 31 is a generally cylindrical piece stepped, crossed by a central bore 39, in which an upper part of the body 28, the spring 36 and a lower part of the knob 32 is received. The body 28 is fixed to the handle 31 coaxially. Spring 36 and the lower part of the knob 32 can slide in bore 39.

La partie supérieure de plus grand diamètre 40 de la poignée 31 est moletée.The upper part of larger diameter 40 of the handle 31 is knurled.

L'organe d'actionnement 5 est symétrique par rapport à un axe longitudinal.The actuator 5 is symmetrical with respect to to a longitudinal axis.

Le corps 28 traverse l'ouverture 27 et il est fixé sur le couvercle 4 en obturant de manière étanche cette ouverture 27.The body 28 passes through the opening 27 and it is fixed on the cover 4 by sealingly sealing this opening 27.

Le rotor 3, le couvercle 4 et l'organe d'actionnement 5 sont coaxiaux.The rotor 3, the cover 4 and the member actuation 5 are coaxial.

La partie inférieure du corps 28 est vissée dans la partie 23 de l'alésage 22 du capuchon 17, assurant ainsi la fixation du couvercle 4 sur le rotor 3.The lower part of the body 28 is screwed into the part 23 of the bore 22 of the cap 17, thus ensuring fixing the cover 4 to the rotor 3.

Dans la position de repos de l'organe d'actionnement 5 représentée sur la figure 1, une partie supérieure du pommeau 32 est située en saillie par rapport à une surface supérieure 41 de la poignée 31 et l'extrémité effilée 35 de la tige 30 est en saillie axiale sous la surface inférieure 20 du capuchon 17, la tige 30 traversant l'alésage 29 et l'alésage 22. Le jonc élastique 34 est en appui contre la surface inférieure du corps 28 et le ressort 36 est légèrement comprimé.In the rest position of the organ actuator 5 shown in Figure 1, an upper part knob 32 is located projecting from an upper surface 41 of the handle 31 and the end tapered 35 of the rod 30 is projecting axially below the surface lower 20 of the cap 17, the rod 30 passing through bore 29 and bore 22. The elastic ring 34 is in support against the lower surface of the body 28 and the spring 36 is slightly compressed.

Comme illustré par les figures 1 et 2, la tête d'entraínement est symétrique par rapport à un axe 42 et elle est fixée à l'extrémité supérieure d'un arbre de rotation 43 vertical de la centrifugeuse 1, de manière coaxiale à ce dernier. L'axe de rotation de l'arbre de rotation 43 et de la tête d'entraínement 2 est confondu avec l'axe 42, et il est représenté en trait mixte sur la figure 1.As illustrated in Figures 1 and 2, the head drive is symmetrical about an axis 42 and it is attached to the upper end of a rotation shaft 43 vertical of centrifuge 1, coaxially to the latter. The axis of rotation of the rotation shaft 43 and of the drive head 2 is coincident with the axis 42, and it is shown in phantom in Figure 1.

La tête d'entraínement 2 comprend successivement une partie cylindrique 44 de liaison à l'arbre d'entraínement 43, une partie tronconique 45, convergeant vers une surface supérieure 46 de la tête 2 et délimitée par une surface de retenue 47, et une partie d'extrémité supérieure 48 de forme générale cylindrique, délimitée supérieurement par la surface 46 qui est sensiblement orthogonale à l'axe 42.The drive head 2 successively comprises a cylindrical part 44 for connection to the shaft drive 43, a frusto-conical part 45, converging towards an upper surface 46 of the head 2 and delimited by a retaining surface 47, and an upper end portion 48 of generally cylindrical shape, delimited above by the surface 46 which is substantially orthogonal to axis 42.

Le diamètre de la partie cylindrique 44 est inférieur au plus grand diamètre de la partie tronconique 45, et la surface radialement extérieure 49 de la partie 48 prolonge la surface de retenue 47.The diameter of the cylindrical part 44 is less the largest diameter of the frustoconical part 45, and the radially outer surface 49 of the part 48 extends the retaining surface 47.

L'angle de convergence de la surface de retenue 47 par rapport à l'axe 42 est d'environ 30° et correspond à l'angle de convergence de la surface d'appui 9 du rotor 3.The angle of convergence of the retaining surface 47 with respect to the axis 42 is approximately 30 ° and corresponds to the angle of convergence of the bearing surface 9 of the rotor 3.

Deux évidements 51 identiques sont ménagés dans la partie cylindrique 48, sensiblement à distance égale du bord supérieur de la surface de retenue 47 et de la surface 46, et de manière symétrique par rapport à un plan 52 (figure 2) passant par l'axe 42 et orthogonal au plan de la figure 1. Ces évidements 51 sont de forme cylindrique, d'axe parallèle à l'axe 42, et à base en segment circulaire.Two identical recesses 51 are provided in the cylindrical part 48, substantially equal distance from the edge upper of the retaining surface 47 and of the surface 46, and symmetrically with respect to a plane 52 (Figure 2) passing through the axis 42 and orthogonal to the plane of Figure 1. These recesses 51 are cylindrical in shape, with a parallel axis at axis 42, and at base in circular segment.

Ces évidements 51 délimitent entre eux une paroi centrale 53 verticale. Cette paroi 53 est traversée par un évidement transversal 54, d'axe orthogonal au plan 52, et de base rectangulaire.These recesses 51 define between them a wall central 53 vertical. This wall 53 is crossed by a transverse recess 54, of axis orthogonal to the plane 52, and of rectangular base.

Un alésage borgne 55 vertical, coaxial à la tête 2, et débouchant dans la surface 46, traverse la paroi 43 de la partie cylindrique 48. Cet alésage s'étend dans la paroi 53 en dessous de l'évidement 54. Le diamètre de cet alésage 55 correspond sensiblement au diamètre extérieur de la tige 30 de l'organe d'actionnement 5.A vertical blind bore 55, coaxial to the head 2, and opening into the surface 46, passes through the wall 43 of the cylindrical part 48. This bore extends into the wall 53 below the recess 54. The diameter of this bore 55 corresponds substantially to the outside diameter of the rod 30 of the actuating member 5.

La tête d'entraínement 2 comprend deux masselottes identiques 56. Ces masselottes 56 comprennent chacune un corps 57 de forme correspondant à celle des évidements 51, et une queue d'actionnement 58 prolongeant le corps 57 correspondant au niveau d'une partie supérieure de sa face latérale plane 59. Les masselottes 56 sont réalisées, par exemple, en bronze ou en acier inoxydable.The drive head 2 includes two weights identical 56. These flyweights 56 each include a body 57 of shape corresponding to that of the recesses 51, and an actuating tail 58 extending the corresponding body 57 at the level of an upper part of its lateral face plane 59. The counterweights 56 are produced, by example, bronze or stainless steel.

Les masselottes 56 sont chacune montées à rotation sur la tête d'entraínement 2, dans un évidement 51, au moyen de chevilles 61 d'axes parallèles à l'axe 42 et traversant chacune un des évidements 51.The weights 56 are each mounted to rotate on the drive head 2, in a recess 51, by means pegs 61 with axes parallel to axis 42 and traversing each one of the recesses 51.

Les masselottes 56 sont montées de manière symétriques par rapport à l'axe 42.Weights 56 are mounted symmetrically relative to axis 42.

Les chevilles 61 sont décalées par rapport au plan 62 (plan de la figure 1) orthogonal au plan 52 et passant par l'axe 42.The pins 61 are offset from the plane 62 (plane of FIG. 1) orthogonal to plane 52 and passing by axis 42.

Les queues 58 sont reçues dans l'évidement 54 de la paroi 53.The tails 58 are received in the recess 54 of the wall 53.

Des ressorts hélicoïdaux de rappel 63 sont disposés à distance des chevilles 61 entre chaque masselotte 56 et la paroi 53.Coil return springs 63 are arranged away from the pins 61 between each counterweight 56 and the wall 53.

Les masselottes 56 présentent des surfaces latérales de poussée courbes 64 dont le bord supérieur 65 est chanfreiné (figure 1) et dont le bord inférieur 66 est arrondi.Weights 56 have lateral surfaces curved thrust 64 whose upper edge 65 is chamfered (Figure 1) and whose lower edge 66 is rounded.

La surface 46 de la tête 2 est munie de deux tétons 67 d'accouplement en rotation, en saillie axiale sur cette surface 46, et diamétralement opposés l'un à l'autre par rapport à l'axe 42.The surface 46 of the head 2 is provided with two nipples 67 coupling in rotation, projecting axially from this surface 46, and diametrically opposite to each other relative to axis 42.

Les masselottes 56 sont mobiles en rotation autour des chevilles 61 chacune entre une position de déblocage axial du rotor 3 et de la tête d'entraínement 2, et une position de blocage axial du rotor 3 sur la tête 2 dépendant de la vitesse de rotation de la tête d'entraínement comme expliqué ci-après.The flyweights 56 are movable in rotation around pins 61 each between an unlocking position axial of the rotor 3 and of the drive head 2, and a position axial locking of the rotor 3 on the dependent head 2 the speed of rotation of the drive head as explained below.

Lorsque les masselottes 56 sont en position de déblocage axial (figure 4) les surfaces de poussée 64 prolongent la surface extérieure 49 de la partie 48, les masselottes 56 étant alors rétractées dans la tête 2. Les queues 58 des masselottes 56 sont tangentes à la surface cylindrique délimitant l'alésage 55. Les ressorts 63 sont alors comprimés.When the flyweights 56 are in the unlocking position axial (Figure 4) the push surfaces 64 extend the outer surface 49 of part 48, the weights 56 then being retracted into the head 2. The tails 58 weights 56 are tangent to the cylindrical surface delimiting the bore 55. The springs 63 are then compressed.

Lorsque les masselottes 56 sont en position de blocage axial (figures 2 et 3) les surfaces de poussée 64 des masselottes 56 sont en saillie par rapport à la surface 49 de la partie 48. Les queues 58 des masselottes 56 sont situées à l'intérieur de la surface cylindrique délimitant de l'alésage 55.When the flyweights 56 are in the position of axial locking (Figures 2 and 3) the push surfaces 64 weights 56 protrude from the surface 49 of part 48. The tails 58 of the flyweights 56 are located inside the cylindrical surface delimiting bore 55.

On distingue une position de blocage axial initial des masselottes 56 (figure 2) lorsque le rotor 3 est monté sur la tête 2 et que cette dernière est au repos.There is a position of initial axial locking weights 56 (Figure 2) when the rotor 3 is mounted on head 2 and that the latter is at rest.

Lorsque la tête 2 tourne, comme schématisé par une flèche, la force centrifuge tend à faire pivoter les masselottes 56 autour des chevilles 61 dans le sens horaire sur la figure 2 et tend à les faire sortir de la tête 2 pour atteindre une position de blocage dépendant de la vitesse de rotation de la tête 2 (figure 3). Les surfaces de poussée 64 sont d'autant plus en saillie par rapport à la surface 49 de la partie 48 que la vitesse de rotation de la tête 2 est élevée.When head 2 turns, as shown by a arrow, the centrifugal force tends to rotate the weights 56 around the ankles 61 clockwise on figure 2 and tends to get them out of head 2 to reach a blocking position depending on the speed of rotation of the head 2 (figure 3). The push surfaces 64 are all the more protruding from the surface 49 of part 48 that the speed of rotation of the head 2 is high.

Pour utiliser la centrifugeuse 1, un utilisateur procède, par exemple, comme décrit ci-après.To use centrifuge 1, a user proceed, for example, as described below.

Tout d'abord, l'utilisateur place des récipients contenant des produits à centrifuger dans les logements 100, puis fixe le couvercle 4 sur le rotor 3, à l'aide de la poignée 31, en venant visser le corps 28 de l'organe d'actionnement 5. Le moletage de la partie 40 de la poignée 31 assure une bonne prise en main de la poignée 31.First, the user places containers containing products to be centrifuged in the housings 100, then fix the cover 4 on the rotor 3, using the handle 31, by screwing the body 28 of the organ 5. Knurling of part 40 of the handle 31 ensures good grip of the handle 31.

Ensuite, l'utilisateur vient placer le rotor 3 fermé par le couvercle 4 sur la tête d'entraínement 2 comme représenté sur la figure 1.Then, the user comes to place the rotor 3 closed by the cover 4 on the drive head 2 as shown in figure 1.

Les masselottes 56 sont initialement dans une position intermédiaire entre les positions représentées sur les figures 2 et 3, les ressorts 63 n'étant pas comprimés. Weights 56 are initially in a position intermediate between the positions represented on Figures 2 and 3, the springs 63 not being compressed.

Lors de l'introduction de la tête 2 dans l'alésage 7 du rotor 3, la surface d'appui d'appui 9 du rotor 3 coopère avec le bord supérieur 65 des surfaces de poussée 64 des masselottes 56 et repoussent les masselottes 56 vers leurs positions de déblocage (figure 4) en comprimant les ressorts 63.When inserting head 2 into the bore 7 of the rotor 3, the bearing support surface 9 of the rotor 3 cooperates with the upper edge 65 of the pushing surfaces 64 weights 56 and push the weights 56 towards their unlocking positions (Figure 4) by compressing the springs 63.

Les positions de déblocage sont atteintes simultanément par les masselottes 56 lorsque les surfaces de poussée 64 sont en contact avec la surface cylindrique 10 de l'alésage 7 du rotor 3.Release positions are reached simultaneously by the flyweights 56 when the thrust surfaces 64 are in contact with the cylindrical surface 10 of the bore 7 of the rotor 3.

La surface de retenue 47 de la tête d'entraínement 2 permet de centrer le rotor 3 sur la tête 2.The retaining surface 47 of the drive head 2 allows the rotor 3 to be centered on the head 2.

Lorsque le rotor 3 continue à descendre en s'enfichant sur la tête d'entraínement 2, les masselottes 56 ne coopèrent plus avec la partie cylindrique 10, et les ressorts 63 repoussent ces dernières radialement vers l'extérieur jusqu'à leurs positions de blocage initial (figures 1 et 2). Dans ces positions, les bords inférieurs 66 des surfaces de poussées 64 prennent appui sur la surface de rampe 11 du rotor 3 sous l'action des ressorts 63.When the rotor 3 continues to descend in plugging into the drive head 2, the flyweights 56 no longer cooperate with the cylindrical part 10, and the springs 63 push the latter radially towards outside to their initial blocking positions (Figures 1 and 2). In these positions, the bottom edges 66 of the pushing surfaces 64 are supported on the surface ramp 11 of rotor 3 under the action of springs 63.

Ce passage automatique en position de blocage initial s'accompagne d'un signal sonore produit par le choc des bords inférieurs des masselottes 56 contre la surface de rampe 11, confirmant ainsi que le blocage axial est assuré entre le rotor 3 et la tête 2.This automatic passage to the initial blocking position is accompanied by an audible signal produced by the shock of bottom edges of the counterweights 56 against the surface of ramp 11, thus confirming that the axial locking is ensured between rotor 3 and head 2.

Le rotor 3 est alors monté sur la tête d'entraínement 2 en position d'entraínement comme représenté sur la figure 1. Le rotor 3 et la tête d'entraínement 2 sont alors coaxiaux.The rotor 3 is then mounted on the head drive 2 in drive position as shown in Figure 1. The rotor 3 and the drive head 2 are then coaxial.

Après une course à vide, l'accouplement en rotation de la tête d'entraínement 2 et du rotor 3 est assuré par les tétons 21 du capuchon 17 et les tétons 67 de la tête d'entraínement 2 qui prennent appui les uns sur les autres.After an idle stroke, the rotating coupling of the drive head 2 and the rotor 3 is ensured by the nipples 21 of the cap 17 and the nipples 67 of the head 2 which are supported on each other.

Le blocage axial du rotor 3 sur la tête d'entraínement 2 est assuré, d'une part, par appui de la surface d'appui 9 du rotor 3 sur la surface de retenue 47 de la tête d'entraínement 2 et, d'autre part, par l'effet de la pesanteur s'appliquant sur le rotor 3 et par la force de maintien axial exercée par les ressorts 63 sur le rotor 3 par l'intermédiaire des bords inférieurs 66 des masselottes 56 et de la surface de rampe 11 inclinée.Axial locking of rotor 3 on the head drive 2 is provided, on the one hand, by support of the bearing surface 9 of the rotor 3 on the retaining surface 47 of the drive head 2 and, on the other hand, by the effect of the gravity applying to rotor 3 and by the force of axial support exerted by the springs 63 on the rotor 3 through the lower edges 66 of the weights 56 and the inclined ramp surface 11.

Ce blocage axial est suffisant pour pouvoir commencer à entraíner le rotor 3 en rotation en toute sécurité.This axial blocking is sufficient to be able to start to drive the rotor 3 rotating safely.

Lorsque la vitesse de rotation de la tête d'entraínement 2 augmente, la force centrifuge s'exerçant sur les masselottes 56 provoquent leur pivotement autour des chevilles 61 comme décrit ci-dessus.When the head rotation speed 2 increases, the centrifugal force being exerted on the flyweights 56 cause them to pivot around the pegs 61 as described above.

Ainsi lorsque la vitesse de rotation de la tête 2 augmente, les surfaces de poussée 44 avancent progressivement radialement vers l'extérieur en saillie par rapport à la surface 49 de la partie 48. Par effet de came, les masselottes 56 repoussent le rotor 3 vers le bas en exerçant une force de maintien axial croissante avec la vitesse de rotation de la tête d'entraínement 2.So when the speed of rotation of the head 2 increases, the thrust surfaces 44 progressively advance radially outward projecting from the surface 49 of part 48. By cam effect, the weights 56 push the rotor 3 down by exerting a increasing axial holding force with rotation speed of the drive head 2.

Ainsi la force de maintien axial exercée par les masselottes 56 sur le rotor 3 est adaptée aux différentes vitesses de rotation de la tête d'entraínement 2.Thus the axial holding force exerted by the weights 56 on the rotor 3 is adapted to the different rotational speeds of the drive head 2.

Pour démonter le rotor 3 de la tête d'entraínement 2, l'utilisateur vient appuyer sur le pommeau 32 de manière à le rétracter totalement dans l'alésage 39 en comprimant le ressort 36. L'extrémité effilée 35 de la tige 30 pénètre simultanément dans l'alésage 55. Les queues 58 des masselottes 56 sont en appui sur la surface latérale de la tige 30 qui vient progressivement écarter simultanément radialement vers l'extérieur les queues 58 des masselottes 56, jusqu'à ce que celles-ci reprennent leurs positions de déblocage axial (figure 4).To remove the rotor 3 from the drive head 2, the user presses on the knob 32 so to fully retract it into bore 39 by compressing the spring 36. The tapered end 35 of the rod 30 penetrates simultaneously in the bore 55. The tails 58 of the counterweights 56 are supported on the lateral surface of the rod 30 which gradually spreads simultaneously radially towards outside the tails 58 of the flyweights 56, until these resume their axial release positions (figure 4).

L'utilisateur peut alors démonter le rotor 3 de la tête d'entraínement 2 en soulevant ce dernier, notamment en utilisant la poignée 31 de l'organe d'actionnement 5.The user can then remove the rotor 3 from the drive head 2 by lifting the latter, in particular by using the handle 31 of the actuating member 5.

L'angle de convergence des surfaces tronconiques 9 et 47 permet d'éviter l'emmanchement du rotor 3 sur la tête d'entraínement 2 et ainsi facilite le démontage du rotor 3, d'autant plus que la force de maintien croissante du rotor 3 sur la tête 2 compense sensiblement la force de soulèvement agissant sur le rotor 3 lors de sa rotation.The angle of convergence of the frustoconical surfaces 9 and 47 makes it possible to avoid the fitting of the rotor 3 on the head drive 2 and thus facilitates disassembly of the rotor 3, all the more so as the increasing holding force of the rotor 3 on the head 2 substantially compensates for the lifting force acting on the rotor 3 during its rotation.

D'une manière plus générale, l'angle de convergence des surfaces tronconiques 9 et 47 conjuguées peut être compris entre 25 et 45°.More generally, the angle of convergence frustoconical surfaces 9 and 47 conjugate can be between 25 and 45 °.

L'angle de divergence de la surface de rampe 11 peut être compris entre 70 et 80°.The angle of divergence of the ramp surface 11 can be between 70 and 80 °.

Le dispositif de blocage axial de la centrifugeuse de la figure 1 est complètement agencé dans la tête d'entraínement 2 et présente ainsi l'avantage de permettre l'utilisation d'un rotor 1 sans son couvercle comme illustré par la figure 4.The axial locking device of the centrifuge of figure 1 is completely arranged in the head 2 and thus has the advantage of allowing the use of a rotor 1 without its cover as illustrated by figure 4.

La centrifugeuse 1 de la figure 5 se distingue de celle de la figure 1 en ce que le couvercle 4 a été ôté du rotor 3 et en ce que la tige 30 et la poignée 31 de l'organe d'actionnement 5, sont venues de matière avec le corps 28. La poignée 31 est traversée par une barre transversale facilitant sa saisie.The centrifuge 1 of FIG. 5 is distinguished from that of FIG. 1 in that the cover 4 has been removed from the rotor 3 and in that the rod 30 and the handle 31 of the member actuation 5, came integrally with the body 28. The handle 31 is crossed by a transverse bar facilitating his seizure.

Le montage, l'entraínement en rotation et le blocage axial du rotor 3 sur la tête d'entraínement 2 sont analogues à ceux décrits en regard de la figure 1.Assembly, rotation drive and blocking axial of the rotor 3 on the drive head 2 are similar to those described with reference to FIG. 1.

Pour l'opération de démontage du rotor 3 de la tête d'entraínement 2, l'utilisateur vient visser le corps 28 de l'organe de manoeuvre 5 dans l'alésage 22 du capuchon 17, en provoquant ainsi la pénétration de l'extrémité effilée 35 de la tige 30 dans l'alésage 55 de la tête 2, ce qui provoque, de manière analogue au cas de la figure 1, par poussée sur les queues 58, le déplacement des masselottes 56 vers leurs positions de déblocage axial du rotor 3 et de la tête d'entraínement 2.For the dismantling operation of the rotor 3 of the drive head 2, the user screws the body 28 of the operating member 5 in the bore 22 of the cap 17, thereby causing penetration of the tapered end 35 of the rod 30 in the bore 55 of the head 2, which causes, analogously to the case of FIG. 1, by thrust on the tails 58, the movement of the flyweights 56 towards their axial unlocking positions of the rotor 3 and the drive head 2.

L'utilisateur peut alors ensuite démonter le rotor 3 de la tête d'entraínement 2, par exemple en utilisant la poignée 31 de l'organe d'actionnement 5 pour soulever le rotor 3. The user can then disassemble the rotor 3 of the drive head 2, for example using the handle 31 of the actuating member 5 for lifting the rotor 3.

Cette caractéristique permet de simplifier les opérations de montage/démontage du rotor 3 sur la tête d'entraínement 2, notamment pour les utilisateurs qui veulent centrifuger des tubes étanches à basse vitesse.This feature simplifies the rotor 3 mounting / dismounting operations on the head 2, especially for users who want centrifuge sealed tubes at low speed.

De plus, l'opération de déblocage axial est très simple et permet à l'utilisateur d'avoir ses deux mains libres pour extraire le rotor 3 de la tête d'entraínement 2.In addition, the axial release operation is very simple and allows the user to have both hands free to extract the rotor 3 from the drive head 2.

Claims (10)

Centrifugeuse (1) du type comprenant une tête (2) d'entraínement en rotation solidaire d'un arbre de rotation (43), un rotor (3) pouvant être monté de manière amovible sur la tête d'entraínement (2), dans une position d'entraínement en rotation, des moyens (21, 67) d'accouplement en rotation de la tête d'entraínement (3) et du rotor (2), et un dispositif de blocage axial du rotor (3) sur la tête d'entraínement (2) comprenant des moyens (56) d'application, sur le rotor (3), d'une force de maintien axial d'une surface d'appui (9) du rotor contre une surface de retenue (47) solidaire de la tête d'entraínement, caractérisée en ce que les moyens (56) d'application d'une force de maintien sont des moyens d'application d'une force de maintien croissante avec la vitesse de rotation de la tête d'entraínement.Centrifuge (1) of the type comprising a head (2) rotational drive integral with a rotation shaft (43), a rotor (3) which can be removably mounted on the drive head (2), in a position rotary drive, means (21, 67) rotational coupling of the drive head (3) and of the rotor (2), and a device for axially locking the rotor (3) on the drive head (2) comprising means (56) applying, on the rotor (3), a holding force axial of a bearing surface (9) of the rotor against a surface retainer (47) integral with the drive head, characterized in that the means (56) for applying a force holding are means of applying a force of increasing hold with the speed of rotation of the head training. Centrifugeuse selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que les moyens d'application d'une force de maintien comprennent au moins deux masselottes d'inertie (56) montées, de manière symétrique par rapport à l'axe de rotation (42) de la tête d'entraínement (2), sur une partie d'extrémité (48) de la tête d'entraínement, mobiles chacune entre une position de déblocage axial du rotor et de la tête d'entraínement, dans laquelle la masselotte (56) est rétractée dans la tête d'entraínement (2), et une position de blocage axial du rotor (3) sur la tête d'entraínement (2) dépendant de la vitesse de rotation de la tête d'entraínement (2), dans laquelle une partie de poussée (64) de la masselotte (54) est en saillie par rapport à une surface radialement extérieure (49) de la tête d'entraínement (2) et coopère avec une surface de rampe (11) d'une ouverture (7) de réception de la partie d'extrémité (48) de la tête d'entraínement ménagée dans le rotor (3), cette surface de rampe (11) étant inclinée vers l'intérieur de l'ouverture (7) et vers la surface d'appui (9) du rotor. Centrifuge according to claim 1, characterized in that the means of applying a force of hold include at least two flywheels (56) mounted symmetrically with respect to the axis of rotation (42) of the drive head (2), on a part end (48) of the drive head, each movable between an axial release position of the rotor and the head drive, in which the counterweight (56) is retracted in the drive head (2), and a locking position axial of the rotor (3) on the drive head (2) dependent the speed of rotation of the drive head (2), in which a thrust part (64) of the counterweight (54) protrudes from a radially surface outside (49) of the drive head (2) and cooperates with a ramp surface (11) of an opening (7) of receiving the end portion (48) of the head drive formed in the rotor (3), this surface of ramp (11) being inclined towards the inside of the opening (7) and towards the bearing surface (9) of the rotor. Centrifugeuse selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que la surface de rampe (11) est sensiblement tronconique.Centrifuge according to claim 2, characterized in that the ramp surface (11) is substantially tapered. Centrifugeuse selon la revendication 2 ou 3, caractérisée en ce qu'au moins une masselotte (56) est rappelée élastiquement depuis sa position rétractée vers une position de blocage axial initial du rotor (3) sur la tête d'entraínement (2).Centrifuge according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that at least one counterweight (56) is recalled elastically from its retracted position towards a initial axial locking position of the rotor (3) on the head drive (2). Centrifugeuse selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 4, caractérisée en ce que les masselottes (56) sont montées à rotation sur la partie d'extrémité (48) de la tête d'entraínement (2) et comprennent chacune un appendice de manoeuvre (58) actionnable simultanément par un organe extérieur (5), lorsque le rotor (3) est en position d'entraínement, pour ramener les masselottes (56) dans leurs positions rétractées de déblocage axial du rotor (3) et de la tête d'entraínement (2).Centrifuge according to any one of the claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the weights (56) are rotatably mounted on the end portion (48) of the drive head (2) and each include an appendage maneuver (58) actuable simultaneously by a member outside (5), when the rotor (3) is in position drive, to bring the weights (56) back into their retracted axial release positions of the rotor (3) and the drive head (2). Centrifugeuse selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 5, caractérisé en ce que la surface d'appui (9) du rotor et la surface de retenue (47) de la tête d'entraínement sont sensiblement tronconiques et conjuguées, la surface de retenue (47) formant une surface de centrage du rotor (3) sur la tête d'entraínement (2).Centrifuge according to any one of the claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the bearing surface (9) of the rotor and the retaining surface (47) of the head are substantially frustoconical and conjugate, the retaining surface (47) forming a centering surface of the rotor (3) on the drive head (2). Centrifugeuse selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 6, caractérisée en ce qu'au moins une masselotte (56) est une masselotte de choc pour provoquer un signal sonore lors du blocage axial du rotor (3) sur la tête d'entraínement (2).Centrifuge according to any one of the claims 2 to 6, characterized in that at least one counterweight (56) is a shock weight to cause a signal audible during axial locking of the rotor (3) on the head drive (2). Rotor pour une centrifugeuse selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 7, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend une ouverture (7) de réception d'au moins une partie d'extrémité (48) d'une tête d'entraínement (2) d'une centrifugeuse (1), ladite ouverture présentant une surface (9) d'appui contre une surface de retenue (47) solidaire de la tête d'entraínement (2), et au moins une surface de rampe (11) destinée à coopérer avec une partie de poussée (64) d'une masselotte (56) de la tête d'entraínement (2), cette surface de rampe (11) étant inclinée vers l'intérieur de l'ouverture (7) et vers la surface d'appui (9).Rotor for a centrifuge according to any one of claims 2 to 7, characterized in that it comprises an opening (7) for receiving at least part end (48) of a drive head (2) of a centrifuge (1), said opening having a surface (9) bearing against a retaining surface (47) integral with the drive head (2), and at least one ramp surface (11) intended to cooperate with a pushing part (64) a flyweight (56) of the drive head (2), this ramp surface (11) being inclined towards the inside of the opening (7) and towards the bearing surface (9). Rotor selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que la surface de rampe (11) est sensiblement tronconique.Rotor according to claim 8, characterized in that the ramp surface (11) is substantially frustoconical. Rotor selon la revendication 8 ou 9, caractérisé en ce que la surface d'appui (9) est sensiblement tronconique.Rotor according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the bearing surface (9) is substantially frustoconical.
EP98402433A 1997-10-23 1998-10-02 Centrifuge with dismountable rotor and a device for the axial locking of the rotor on the drive shaft and rotor for such a centrifuge Expired - Lifetime EP0911080B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9713308 1997-10-23
FR9713308A FR2770154B1 (en) 1997-10-23 1997-10-23 CENTRIFUGE WITH REMOVABLE ROTOR AND WITH AXIAL LOCKING DEVICE OF THE ROTOR ON A DRIVE HEAD, AND ROTOR FOR SUCH A CENTRIFUGE

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EP0911080A1 true EP0911080A1 (en) 1999-04-28
EP0911080B1 EP0911080B1 (en) 2002-12-11

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US (1) US6063018A (en)
EP (1) EP0911080B1 (en)
JP (1) JP4239119B2 (en)
AT (1) ATE229375T1 (en)
DE (1) DE69810060T2 (en)
ES (1) ES2189110T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2770154B1 (en)

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DE102014002126B4 (en) 2014-02-17 2019-01-17 Thermo Electron Led Gmbh Drive head for the detachable connection of a drive with a rotor of a centrifuge, this comprehensive set and centrifuge
US9452436B2 (en) 2014-05-28 2016-09-27 Thermo Electron Led Gmbh Drive head for detachable connection of a drive with a rotor of a centrifuge, kit comprising the drive head, and centrifuge
CN105289858A (en) * 2014-05-28 2016-02-03 热电子Led有限公司 Drive Head, Kit Comprising The Drive Head, And Centrifuge
DE102014008219A1 (en) 2014-05-28 2015-12-03 Thermo Electron Led Gmbh Drive head for the detachable connection of a drive with a rotor of a centrifuge, this comprehensive set and centrifuge
CN105289858B (en) * 2014-05-28 2018-03-09 热电子Led有限公司 Driving head includes the external member and centrifuge of the driving head
DE102014008219B4 (en) 2014-05-28 2018-08-02 Thermo Electron Led Gmbh Drive head for the detachable connection of a drive with a rotor of a centrifuge, this comprehensive set and centrifuge
CN111659547A (en) * 2020-04-24 2020-09-15 青岛海尔生物医疗股份有限公司 Centrifuge rotor

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DE69810060D1 (en) 2003-01-23
ATE229375T1 (en) 2002-12-15
FR2770154A1 (en) 1999-04-30
EP0911080B1 (en) 2002-12-11
JPH11197549A (en) 1999-07-27
FR2770154B1 (en) 1999-11-26
US6063018A (en) 2000-05-16
JP4239119B2 (en) 2009-03-18
DE69810060T2 (en) 2003-10-09
ES2189110T3 (en) 2003-07-01

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