EP0902403B1 - Method for detecting traffic information - Google Patents

Method for detecting traffic information Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0902403B1
EP0902403B1 EP98117158A EP98117158A EP0902403B1 EP 0902403 B1 EP0902403 B1 EP 0902403B1 EP 98117158 A EP98117158 A EP 98117158A EP 98117158 A EP98117158 A EP 98117158A EP 0902403 B1 EP0902403 B1 EP 0902403B1
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Prior art keywords
data
traffic
evaluated
order
transmission
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0902403A2 (en
EP0902403A3 (en
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Fritz Dr. Busch
Thomas Sachse
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Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/01—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled
    • G08G1/0104—Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for determining Road routes, especially traffic information related to motorways, local detection cross sections using stationary detectors formed, traffic-related measured values recorded, preprocessed by means of local computers and to a given one Data protocol standardized, aggregated and sent by radio a higher-level data processing system can be transmitted.
  • EP 0 256 483 A1 is a traffic control Information system which uses stationary beacons and transmitters arranged in vehicles or receiving units traffic flow information determined. This traffic flow information becomes in particular Disturbance information determined to switch control signals.
  • DE-P 44 08 547 describes a method for traffic detection and traffic situation detection on highways, preferably Motorways, known.
  • Measuring cross-sections are set up for track-related measuring points, with traffic sensors, such as induction loops, for vehicle detection and with a traffic data processing device are provided.
  • traffic data such as vehicle speed, traffic volume and traffic density determined and from this determined traffic parameters in one Traffic data processing formed.
  • Each form two neighboring measuring points a measuring section with a certain Length. From the traffic data of two such Traffic parameters are formed for measuring points.
  • European patent application EP 0 740 280 A2 discloses one Procedures for fault detection in road traffic within of a sector to be monitored.
  • One measurement cross-section each At the beginning and end of the sector, the number is the measured data and the speed of the passive cross sections Vehicles continuously captured during finite, consecutively numbered measuring intervals collected and cyclically to average values of traffic volume and speed condensed and after transfer of data from route stations assigned to the measurement cross sections to a central evaluation point evaluated.
  • detectors are also known, which Presence and the speed of a moving object can capture.
  • detectors work According to a passive infrared process, which can also be used with other methods can be combined.
  • No method is known to date, traffic information covering the entire area to record and evaluate. In particular no methods are known to determine the traffic information route section variable, event-oriented if necessary and enable with little data transfer effort.
  • the present invention has the object to provide a comprehensive traffic data collection of the generic type improved so that with simple sensors and low data transmission and energy consumption reliable and sufficiently meaningful data bases for different traffic information services are provided.
  • the invention proposes a method for determining traffic information relating to road routes, in particular motorways, wherein local detection cross sections are formed by means of fixed detectors, traffic-related measured values are recorded, preprocessed by means of local computers and standardized, aggregated and standardized to a predetermined data protocol are transmitted by wireless transmission to a higher-level data processing system, in order to improve the fact that the data aggregated by means of local computers is statistically evaluated and smoothed, related to a predetermined reference value and is only transmitted when a threshold value range defined around the reference value is exceeded or undershot.
  • the invention enables the implementation of a step organized collection and processing system, being already Short term results can be achieved through Expansion into the individual stages consolidated and refined become. By breaking it down into individual subtasks or levels results in a high degree of flexibility and Reliability through the formation of fallback levels. By The local pre-analysis of traffic gives rise to opportunities for extremely energy-saving, event-oriented data transmission to the higher-level data processing systems or - central.
  • Fixed detectors are preferably used at connection points, Nodes and the like can be positioned. About that In addition, the arrangement density of the fixed detectors in Dependence on traffic expectation estimates determined. Consequently can be arranged by arranging many local detection systems Build comprehensive networks. With the invention it is also possible to organize an overall network structure. Locally critical locations become critical Detectors and preprocessing computers arranged that the data via radio in preferably digital technology forward higher-level data processing systems or centers. Other traffic models can then be accessed there Data are applied.
  • Adjacent local detection cross sections can be a so-called route-related level of service in a higher-level Data processing system or one of the entire network assigned headquarters can be determined.
  • Measured data After a detector, for example a passive infrared detector, Measured data are delivered, they will preprocessed, for example by calculating mean values, Plausibility checks and trend factor determinations carried out become. From the changes in the data or the data state codes themselves are then determined, for example in the form of a numerical value for conditions such as free traffic flow, Traffic jam, stop and go, traffic jam or standstill etc. Evaluation cycles can, for example, every 1 to 5 minutes to get voted. However, the evaluation cycle can be variable be determined, for example depending on the status codes or the traffic conditions. The same applies the data transfer rate, which depends, for example of the determined status code is used, for example one transmission every 30 minutes when traffic is free with averaging every 5 minutes. Depending on the fault condition the transmission density can be increased. In doing so the data transmission rates of neighboring acquisition cross sections matched to each other.
  • the measured values can be recorded in relation to lanes, but what is not absolutely necessary, other acquisition cross sections can also be used To be defined. It is also fundamental possible, vehicle type differentiation values, for example Detect trucks, cars and the like.
  • the invention provides methods for different Types and qualities of traffic information data to provide.
  • the main task is to provide such data prepare for the motor vehicle driver and this provide appropriate information. It can be for example, travel time displays, route displays, traffic forecast, Act traffic jams and the like.
  • Information displays are used in the individual vehicles, for example arranged on which the motor vehicle driver their planned routes and travel time information are displayed to get. You can then, for example, under different Alternatives choose the fastest route. Additionally or alternatively, indications of traffic jam developments, Probabilities related to further development on the upcoming route section and the like are displayed. The range of applications is extensive.
  • the traffic models in the head office with data of an aggregation type (threshold-oriented or fixed).
  • the actuality the traffic-related statements, however, is from that Aggregation interval dependent. The bigger the interval, the statements are all the less up to date.
  • a preliminary analysis of the measurement data per Lanes take place and thus the decision is made whether data of a measuring cross section should be sent. Communication is carried out when on one of the Lanes the changed traffic situation a transmission makes necessary. The decision about communication is determined by the smoothed speed of the car or truck affected.
  • the detector measured values which are available in a 10-second grid, are aggregated at 1-minute intervals.
  • the traffic volume for cars, trucks and vehicles, the average speed for cars, trucks, the maximum individual speed, the standard deviation of the speed, the occupancy rate and the errors for length and occupancy are calculated per lane.
  • v Car Truck (t) ⁇ v ⁇ v Car Truck (t) + (1- ⁇ v ) ⁇ v Car Truck (t-1) 0 ⁇ ⁇ v ⁇ 1
  • q Car Truck (t) ⁇ q ⁇ q Car Truck (t) + (1- ⁇ v ) ⁇ q Car Truck (t-1) 0 ⁇ ⁇ q ⁇ 1
  • the first measured value is for the speed at the start of smoothing or the first smoothed value saved as reference value if the bandwidth is exceeded. Every minute it is decided whether the newly calculated smoothed value within a defined range the reference value. If the bandwidth is exceeded the last smoothed value is transmitted. This represents the new speed level.
  • the following table uses a series of measurements from a BAB to show the effect of the smoothing parameter b and the bandwidth D for the traffic volume and the average speed on the communication between the aggregation module and the control center.
  • the exact numbers for class-related traffic and average speed should be calculated for each lane.
  • the current number of vehicles per vehicle class (cars, trucks) and per lane is added up every minute and the associated average speed is calculated. This summation continues until a new telegram is sent. Then the counters are set to zero and a new aggregation is started.
  • the duration of the aggregation interval must also be added for which these values apply.
  • the standard deviation per lane is calculated every minute from the current standard deviation of the last minute s and the aggregated standard deviation S of the current aggregation interval:
  • the error length and error assignment are in the aggregation interval summed.
  • the transmitted values for the smoothed traffic volume and speed as well as for standard deviation and occupancy for the individual future minute intervals are accepted in the control center until a new value is transmitted.
  • the smoothed values must be marked with a marker that determines whether the archived value is a real smoothed measured value or an updated (assumed) value for the time.
  • a separate archive must be created for the new total values for statistical evaluations.
  • the invention provides an extremely flexible method, with which with the connection of different traffic models an almost network-wide, nationwide Traffic information system is buildable, which data for provides a wide variety of information purposes. It can be conventional and already known models and processes are used and be combined. Forecasts can be curve-based Forecasts at measuring points, model-based forecasts for Sections and meshes and additions of immeasurable effects using artificial intelligence. For the calculation Standard formulas of average values are used.
  • the described Way the various traffic-related values determined.
  • the standard deviation calculated.
  • the exponential takes place Smoothing and bandwidth checking for the values. Then the send / not send decision is made.
  • Figures 2 and 3 show a total of four diagrams of each Six-hour intervals, i.e. the traffic volume values for a whole day, each time in unsmoothed, smoothed as well as sent representation. They can be procedural results in terms of economic Recognize broadcast decisions.
  • the illustrations show how with the method according to the invention concrete values related to the measuring point recorded respectively calculated and sent. All recorded, calculated and further processed data and results are now available available to the appropriate road users Provide traffic information. For example, Travel times for planned routes or different ones calculate and display alternative routes. Also can be corresponding warnings and forecasts, including the forecast probabilities specify.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Traffic Control Systems (AREA)
  • Circuits Of Receivers In General (AREA)
  • Devices For Checking Fares Or Tickets At Control Points (AREA)
  • Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
  • Nitrogen And Oxygen Or Sulfur-Condensed Heterocyclic Ring Systems (AREA)

Abstract

The method involves using fixed detectors to form local detection cross-sections for the detection of traffic-related measurement values. The values are pre-processed by local computers and standardized to a defined data format, aggregated and wirelessly passed to a superior data processing system. The locally aggregated data are statistically evaluated and smoothed, set relative to a predefined reference value and only transferred if the results exceeds or lies below a threshold region determined using the reference.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Ermittlung von auf Straßenstrecken, insbesondere Autobahnen bezogenen Verkehrsinformationen, wobei mittels ortsfester Detektoren lokale Erfassungsquerschnitte gebildet, verkehrsbezogene Meßwerte erfaßt, mittels lokaler Rechner vorverarbeitet und auf ein vorgegebenes Datenprotokoll normiert, aggregiert und per Funk an eine übergeordnete Datenverarbeitungsanlage übertragen werden.The invention relates to a method for determining Road routes, especially traffic information related to motorways, local detection cross sections using stationary detectors formed, traffic-related measured values recorded, preprocessed by means of local computers and to a given one Data protocol standardized, aggregated and sent by radio a higher-level data processing system can be transmitted.

Im Stand der Technik ist es bekannt, an einzelnen Meßstellen Verkehrsflußinformationen zu erfassen, um daraus direkte Störinformationen abzuleiten oder Verkehrsentwicklungsprognosen für benachbarte Streckenabschnitte zu entwickeln. Es sind jeweils nur Einzellösungen bekannt.It is known in the prior art at individual measuring points To record traffic flow information in order to obtain direct interference information derive or traffic development forecasts to develop for neighboring sections of the route. They are each only single solutions known.

Beispielsweise ist in der EP 0 256 483 A1 ein Verkehrsleitund Informationssystem offenbart, welches unter Verwendung ortsfester Leitbaken und in Fahrzeugen angeordneten Sende- bzw. Empfangseinheiten Verkehrsflußinformationen ermittelt. Aus diesen Verkehrsflußinformationen werden insbesondere Störinformationen ermittelt, um Leitsignale zu schalten.For example, EP 0 256 483 A1 is a traffic control Information system which uses stationary beacons and transmitters arranged in vehicles or receiving units traffic flow information determined. This traffic flow information becomes in particular Disturbance information determined to switch control signals.

Aus der DE-P 44 08 547 ist ein Verfahren zur Verkehrserfassung und Verkehrssituationserkennung auf Autostraßen, vorzugsweise Autobahnen, bekannt. Zur Bildung von sogenannten Meßquerschnitten werden spurbezogene Meßstellen eingerichtet, die mit Verkehrssensoren, beispielsweise Induktionsschleifen, zur Kfz.-Detektion und mit einer Verkehrsdaten-Verarbeitungs-Einrichtung versehen sind. Es werden regelmäßig Verkehrsdaten wie Kfz.-Geschwindigkeit, Verkehrsstärke und Verkehrsdichte ermittelt und daraus bestimmte Verkehrskenngrößen in einer Verkehrsdatenaufbereitung gebildet. Dabei bilden jeweils zwei benachbarte Meßstellen einen Meßabschnitt mit einer bestimmten Streckenlänge. Aus den Verkehrsdaten zweier solcher Meßstellen werden Verkehrskenngrößen gebildet. Diese sind eine Geschwindigkeitsdichte-Differenz, berechnet aus lokalen Verkehrsdaten mittlerer Geschwindigkeit und der Verkehrsdichte, ein Trendfaktor, ermittelt über einen bestimmten Zeitraum aus dem Verhältnis der Verkehrsstärken beider Meßstellen sowie ein Verkehrsstärketrend. Aus diesen Daten wird mittels einer Fuzzylogik die Wahrscheinlichkeit für eine kritische Verkehrssituation abgeleitet. Bei Erreichen eines Wahrscheinlichkeitsschwellwertes kann dann ein Steuersignal für ein Wechselverkehrszeichen erzeugt werden.DE-P 44 08 547 describes a method for traffic detection and traffic situation detection on highways, preferably Motorways, known. For the formation of so-called Measuring cross-sections are set up for track-related measuring points, with traffic sensors, such as induction loops, for vehicle detection and with a traffic data processing device are provided. There will be regular traffic data such as vehicle speed, traffic volume and traffic density determined and from this determined traffic parameters in one Traffic data processing formed. Each form two neighboring measuring points a measuring section with a certain Length. From the traffic data of two such Traffic parameters are formed for measuring points. These are one Speed density difference, calculated from local ones Traffic data of medium speed and traffic density, a trend factor, determined over a certain period of time from the ratio of the traffic volumes of both measuring points as well a traffic intensity trend. From this data is used a fuzzy logic the probability of a critical one Traffic situation derived. When a probability threshold is reached can then be a control signal for a Variable message signs are generated.

Die europäische Patentanmeldung EP 0 740 280 A2 offenbart ein Verfahren zur Störungserkennung im Straßenverkehr innerhalb eines zu überwachenden Sektors. An je einem Messquerschnitt am Sektoranfang und Sektorende werden als Messdaten die Anzahl und die Geschwindigkeit der die Messquerschnitte passiverenden Fahrzeuge kontinuierlich erfasst, während endlicher, fortlaufend nummerierter Messintervalle gesammelt und zyklisch zu Durchschnittswerten der Verkehrsstärke und der Geschwindigkeit verdichtet und nach Übertragung der Daten von den Messquerschnitten zugeordneten Streckenstationen an eine zentrale Auswertestelle ausgewertet.European patent application EP 0 740 280 A2 discloses one Procedures for fault detection in road traffic within of a sector to be monitored. One measurement cross-section each At the beginning and end of the sector, the number is the measured data and the speed of the passive cross sections Vehicles continuously captured during finite, consecutively numbered measuring intervals collected and cyclically to average values of traffic volume and speed condensed and after transfer of data from route stations assigned to the measurement cross sections to a central evaluation point evaluated.

Im Stand der Technik sind auch Detektoren bekannt, die das Vorhandensein und die Geschwindigkeit eines bewegten Objektes erfassen können. Beispielsweise arbeiten derartige Detektoren nach einem Passiv-Infrarot-Verfahren, welches ggf. auch mit anderen Verfahren kombiniert werden kann. Im Stand der Technik ist bisher kein Verfahren bekannt, flächendeckend Verkehrsinformationen zu erfassen und auszuwerten. Insbesondere sind keine Verfahren bekannt, die die Verkehrsinformationsermittlung streckenabschnittsbezogen variabel, ggf. ereignisorientiert und mit geringem Datenübertragungsaufwand ermöglichen.In the prior art, detectors are also known, which Presence and the speed of a moving object can capture. For example, such detectors work According to a passive infrared process, which can also be used with other methods can be combined. In the state of the art No method is known to date, traffic information covering the entire area to record and evaluate. In particular no methods are known to determine the traffic information route section variable, event-oriented if necessary and enable with little data transfer effort.

Ein geringer Datenübertragungsaufwand ist einerseits zur Durchführung eines energiesparenden Verfahrens erforderlich, andererseits um möglichst transparente und leicht pflegbare Datenbestände zu erzeugen.On the one hand, a low data transmission effort is necessary Implementation of an energy-saving process required on the other hand, as transparent and easy to maintain as possible Generate databases.

Ausgehend von diesem Stand der Technik liegt der vorliegenden Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine flächendeckende Verkehrsdatenerfassung der gattungsgemäßen Art derart verbessert bereitzustellen, so daß mit Einfachsensorik und geringem Datenübertragungs- sowie Energieaufwand zuverlässige und hinreichend aussagekräftige Datengrundlagen für unterschiedliche Verkehrsinformationsdienste bereitgestellt werden.Based on this prior art, the present invention has the object to provide a comprehensive traffic data collection of the generic type improved so that with simple sensors and low data transmission and energy consumption reliable and sufficiently meaningful data bases for different traffic information services are provided.

Zur technischen Lösung dieser Aufgabe wird mit der Erfindung vorgeschlagen, ein Verfahren zur Ermittlung von auf Straßenstrecken, insbesondere Autobahnen, bezogene Verkehrsinformationen, wobei mittels ortsfester Detektoren lokale Erfassungsquerschnitte gebildet, verkehrsbezogene Meßwerte erfaßt, mittels lokaler Rechner vorverarbeitet und auf ein vorgegebenes Datenprotokoll normiert, aggregiert und per drahtloser Übermittlung an eine übergeordnete Datenverarbeitungsanlage übertragen werden, dadurch zu verbessern, daß die mittels lokaler Rechner aggregierten Daten statistisch ausgewertet und geglättet, zu einem vorgegebenen Referenzwert in Bezug gesetzt und erst bei Über- oder Unterschreiten eines um den Referenzwert festgelegten Schwellwertbereiches übertragen werden.To solve this problem technically, the invention proposes a method for determining traffic information relating to road routes, in particular motorways, wherein local detection cross sections are formed by means of fixed detectors, traffic-related measured values are recorded, preprocessed by means of local computers and standardized, aggregated and standardized to a predetermined data protocol are transmitted by wireless transmission to a higher-level data processing system, in order to improve the fact that the data aggregated by means of local computers is statistically evaluated and smoothed, related to a predetermined reference value and is only transmitted when a threshold value range defined around the reference value is exceeded or undershot.

Die Erfindung ermöglicht die Realisierung eines stufenförmig organisierten Erfassungs- und Verarbeitungssystems, wobei bereits kurzfristig Ergebnisse erzielt werden können, die durch Ausweitung in die einzelnen Stufen konsolidiert und verfeinert werden. Durch die Auflösung in einzelne Teilaufgaben bzw. Stufen ergibt sich ein hohes Maß an Flexibilität und an Ausfallsicherheit durch die Bildung von Rückfallebenen. Durch die lokale Voranalyse des Verkehrs ergeben sich Möglichkeiten zur äußerst energiesparenden, ereignisorientierten Datenübertragung zu den übergeordneten Datenverarbeitungsanlagen bzw. - zentralen.The invention enables the implementation of a step organized collection and processing system, being already Short term results can be achieved through Expansion into the individual stages consolidated and refined become. By breaking it down into individual subtasks or levels results in a high degree of flexibility and Reliability through the formation of fallback levels. By The local pre-analysis of traffic gives rise to opportunities for extremely energy-saving, event-oriented data transmission to the higher-level data processing systems or - central.

Vorzugsweise werden ortsfeste Detektoren an Anschlußstellen, Knotenpunkten und dergleichen positioniert werden. Darüber hinaus wird die Anordnungsdichte der ortsfesten Detektoren in Abhängigkeit von Verkehrserwartungsschätzungen bestimmt. Somit lassen sich durch die Anordnung vieler lokaler Erfassungssysteme flächendeckende Netze aufbauen. Mit der Erfindung ist es auch möglich, einen Gesamtnetzaufbau zu organisieren. An verkehrstechnisch kritischen Positionen werden lokale Detektoren und Vorverarbeitungsrechner angeordnet, die über Funk in vorzugsweise digitaler Technologie die Daten an übergeordnete Datenverarbeitungsanlagen bzw. -zentralen weiterleiten. Dort können dann weitere Verkehrsmodelle auf die Daten angewandt werden.Fixed detectors are preferably used at connection points, Nodes and the like can be positioned. About that In addition, the arrangement density of the fixed detectors in Dependence on traffic expectation estimates determined. Consequently can be arranged by arranging many local detection systems Build comprehensive networks. With the invention it is also possible to organize an overall network structure. Locally critical locations become critical Detectors and preprocessing computers arranged that the data via radio in preferably digital technology forward higher-level data processing systems or centers. Other traffic models can then be accessed there Data are applied.

Aus der lokalen Auswertung ergibt sich die Möglichkeit der lokalen Zustandserkennung. Durch die Verknüpfung der Daten benachbarter lokaler Erfassungsquerschnitte kann ein sogenannter streckenbezogener Level of Service in einer übergeordneten Datenverarbeitungsanlage oder einer dem Gesamtnetz zugeordneten Zentrale ermittelt werden.The local evaluation results in the possibility of local status detection. By linking the data Adjacent local detection cross sections can be a so-called route-related level of service in a higher-level Data processing system or one of the entire network assigned headquarters can be determined.

Die Verknüpfung dieser Daten, ggf. in Kombination mit den Daten der lokalen Erfassungsquerschnitte ermöglicht die Errechnung einer erweiterten Situationserkennung. Hier können dynamische Zustandsschätzungen erfolgen, um eine verbesserte Zustandsschätzung in kritischen Streckenabschnitten durch Zuschaltung eines angepaßten Systems zur erweiterten Situationserkennung zu erlangen. Die Ergebnisse sind detaillierte streckenbezogene Daten und feiner untergliederte Situationsklassifizierungen. Darüber hinaus lassen sich Angaben einer etwaigen Sicherheit der jeweiligen Schätzung erzielen. Eine Korrektur hinsichtlich stark verrauschter Daten wegen schlechter Datenübertragung, bei größeren Zeitintervallen oder nur sporadischen Daten ist mit der Erfindung vorgesehen.Linking this data, possibly in combination with the data the local acquisition cross sections enables the calculation an advanced situation detection. Here dynamic State estimates are made to provide an improved state estimate in critical sections by connecting a customized system for advanced situation detection to get. The results are detailed route-related data and more detailed situation classifications. In addition, information from a achieve any certainty of the respective estimate. A Correction regarding noisy data due to poor data transmission, at larger time intervals or only sporadic data is provided with the invention.

Mit besonderem Vorteil wird vorgeschlagen, daß zur lokalen Vorverarbeitung der Daten deren Plausibilität anhand von Modellvergleichen überprüft wird, Mittelwertberechnungen durchgeführt, aus der Veränderung der Meßwerte Trendfaktoren ermittelt, und daß aus den ermittelten Daten taktweise Zustandscodes ermittelt werden. Als Meßwerte werden zumindest Fahrzeuggeschwindigkeit, Verkehrsstärke und querschnittsbezogene Belegung erfaßt.It is proposed with particular advantage that local Pre-processing of the data and its plausibility based on model comparisons is checked, mean value calculations are carried out, trend factors determined from the change in the measured values, and that from the determined data clockwise status codes be determined. At least vehicle speed, Traffic volume and cross-sectional Occupancy recorded.

Nachdem von einem Detektor, beispielsweise einem Passiv-Infrarot-Detektor, Meßdaten geliefert werden, werden diese vorverarbeitet, beispielsweise indem Mittelwertberechnungen, Plausibilitätskontrollen und Trendfaktorermittlungen durchgeführt werden. Aus den Veränderungen der Daten oder den Daten selbst werden dann Zustandscodes ermittelt, beispielsweise in der Form eines Zahlenwertes für Zustände wie freier Verkehrsfluß, Staugefahr, Stop and Go, Stau oder Stillstand u.s.w. Auswertungszyklen können beispielsweise alle 1 bis 5 Minuten gewählt werden. Der Auswertungszyklus kann jedoch variabel festgelegt werden, beispielsweise in Abhängigkeit von den Zustandscodes oder den Verkehrszuständen. Das gleiche gilt für die Datenübertragungsrate, die beispielsweise in Abhängigkeit von dem ermittelten Zustandscode angewandt wird, beispielsweise bei freiem Verkehrsfluß alle 30 Minuten eine Übertragung bei Mittelwertbildung alle 5 Minuten. Je nach Störzustand kann die Übertragungsdichte erhöht werden. Dabei werden die Datenübertragungsraten benachbarter Erfassungsquerschnitte aufeinander abgeglichen.After a detector, for example a passive infrared detector, Measured data are delivered, they will preprocessed, for example by calculating mean values, Plausibility checks and trend factor determinations carried out become. From the changes in the data or the data state codes themselves are then determined, for example in the form of a numerical value for conditions such as free traffic flow, Traffic jam, stop and go, traffic jam or standstill etc. Evaluation cycles can, for example, every 1 to 5 minutes to get voted. However, the evaluation cycle can be variable be determined, for example depending on the status codes or the traffic conditions. The same applies the data transfer rate, which depends, for example of the determined status code is used, for example one transmission every 30 minutes when traffic is free with averaging every 5 minutes. Depending on the fault condition the transmission density can be increased. In doing so the data transmission rates of neighboring acquisition cross sections matched to each other.

Die Meßwerte können fahrspurenbezogen erfaßt werden, was aber nicht zwingend erforderlich ist, es können auch andere Erfassungsquerschnitte definiert werden. Auch ist es grundsätzlich möglich, Fahrzeugtypunterscheidungswerte, also beispielsweise Lkw, Pkw und dergleichen zu erfassen.The measured values can be recorded in relation to lanes, but what is not absolutely necessary, other acquisition cross sections can also be used To be defined. It is also fundamental possible, vehicle type differentiation values, for example Detect trucks, cars and the like.

Mit der Erfindung werden Verfahren bereitgestellt, um unterschiedliche Arten und Qualitäten von Verkehrsinformationsdaten zur Verfügung zu stellen. Hauptaufgabe ist es, solche Daten für die Kraftfahrzeugführer aufzubereiten und diesen zweckmäßige Informationen bereitzustellen. Dabei kann es sich beispielsweise um Reisezeitanzeigen, Routenanzeigen, Verkehrsschlußprognosen, Stauanzeigen und dergleichen handeln. In den einzelnen Fahrzeugen werden beispielsweise Informationsdisplays angeordnet, auf welchen die Kraftfahrzeugführer ihre geplanten Routen und die Reisezeitinformationen angezeigt bekommen. Sie können dann beispielsweise unter verschiedenen Alternativen die jeweils schnellste Route wählen. Zusätzlich oder alternativ können Hinweise auf Stauentwicklungen, Wahrscheinlichkeiten in Bezug auf die weitere Entwicklung auf dem bevorstehenden Streckenabschnitt und dergleichen angezeigt werden. Die Anwendungsbreite ist umfangreich.The invention provides methods for different Types and qualities of traffic information data to provide. The main task is to provide such data prepare for the motor vehicle driver and this provide appropriate information. It can be for example, travel time displays, route displays, traffic forecast, Act traffic jams and the like. Information displays are used in the individual vehicles, for example arranged on which the motor vehicle driver their planned routes and travel time information are displayed to get. You can then, for example, under different Alternatives choose the fastest route. Additionally or alternatively, indications of traffic jam developments, Probabilities related to further development on the upcoming route section and the like are displayed. The range of applications is extensive.

Um das intervallunabhängige und schwellwertorientierte Senden der einzelnen Detektoren realisieren zu können, ist ein neues Aggregationsmodul erforderlich, welches das bestehende Aggregationsmodul der 1. Periode ersetzt, bei dem die Übertragung auf festen Zeitintervallen basiert. Zusätzlich sind hier auch noch Anpassungen in der Zentralensoftware erforderlich, da das Telegramm einen neuen Aufbau besitzt und die Telegramme in variablen Zeitintervallen verarbeitet werden müssen. Hierbei wurde darauf geachtet, daß diese Anpassungen einfach und damit leicht zu realisieren sind. Von der Anpassung sind alle Module (Detektorquerschnitte) betroffen.About interval-independent and threshold-oriented sending the ability to implement the individual detectors is a new one Aggregation module required, which is the existing aggregation module replaced the 1st period in which the transfer based on fixed time intervals. In addition, here too adjustments in the central software are still necessary because the telegram has a new structure and the telegrams must be processed at variable time intervals. in this connection care was taken to make these adjustments simple and are easy to implement. Everyone is from the adjustment Modules (detector cross sections) affected.

Grundsätzlich ist sicherzustellen, daß die Verkehrsmodelle in der Zentrale mit Daten eines Aggregationstyps (schwellwertorientiert oder fest) versorgt werden. Die Aktualität der verkehrstechnischen Aussagen ist allerdings von dem Aggregationsintervall abhängig. Umso größer das Intervall, umso weniger aktuell sind die Aussagen. Basically, it must be ensured that the traffic models in the head office with data of an aggregation type (threshold-oriented or fixed). The actuality the traffic-related statements, however, is from that Aggregation interval dependent. The bigger the interval, the statements are all the less up to date.

Für die folgenden Beschreibungen werden die folgenden Definitionen festgelegt.The following definitions are used for the following descriptions established.

Definitionendefinitions

qq
fahrstreifenbezogene VerkehrsstärkeTraffic-related traffic intensity
vv
fahrstreifenbezogene mittlere GeschwindigkeitLane-related average speed
bb
fahrstreifenbezogener BelegungsgradDegree of occupancy related to the lane
σv σ v
fahrstreifenbezogene Standardabweichung der GeschwindigkeitLane-related standard deviation of speed
tt
Aggregationsintervallaggregation interval
Indizesindices

li, mi, releft, mi, right
Bezeichnung der SpurTrack name
lokloco
lokale Größelocal size
mommom
momentane, streckenbezogene Größecurrent, route-related size
FzFz
Fahrzeuge KfzVehicles motor vehicles
Pkwcar
Fahrzeuge mit Länge < L_Pkw_lkwVehicles with length <L_Pkw_lkw
Lkwtruck
Fahrzeuge mit Länge > L_Pkw_lkwVehicles with length> L_Pkw_lkw

Im Aggregationsmodul muß eine Voranalyse der Meßdaten pro Fahrstreifen erfolgen und damit die Entscheidung gefällt werden, ob Daten eines Meßquerschnittes gesendet werden sollen. Die Kommunikation wird dann durchgeführt, wenn auf einem der Fahrstreifen die veränderte Verkehrssituation eine Übertragung erforderlich macht. Die Entscheidung über die Kommunikation wird hierbei von der geglätteten Geschwindigkeit der Pkw bzw. Lkw beeinflußt.A preliminary analysis of the measurement data per Lanes take place and thus the decision is made whether data of a measuring cross section should be sent. Communication is carried out when on one of the Lanes the changed traffic situation a transmission makes necessary. The decision about communication is determined by the smoothed speed of the car or truck affected.

Die Detektormeßwerte, die im 10 Sekunden Raster vorliegen, werden spurbezogen zu 1-min-Intervallen aggregiert. Berechnet werden pro Fahrstreifen die Verkehrsstärke für Pkw, Lkw und Fz, die mittlere Geschwindigkeit für Pkw, Lkw, die maximale Einzelgeschwindigkeit, die Standardabweichung der Geschwindigkeit, der Belegungsgrad und die Fehler für Länge und Belegung.

Figure 00090001
Figure 00090002
The detector measured values, which are available in a 10-second grid, are aggregated at 1-minute intervals. The traffic volume for cars, trucks and vehicles, the average speed for cars, trucks, the maximum individual speed, the standard deviation of the speed, the occupancy rate and the errors for length and occupancy are calculated per lane.
Figure 00090001
Figure 00090002

Standardabweichung des arithmetischen Mittels

Figure 00090003
Standard deviation of the arithmetic mean
Figure 00090003

Bestimmung des Belegungsgrads pro Spur:

Figure 00090004
Determination of the degree of occupancy per lane:
Figure 00090004

Berechnung eines Fehlerindikators für die Längen- und die Belegungsmessung f = Anzahl verworfene Messungen Anzahl Messungen ·100 [%] Calculation of an error indicator for length and occupancy measurement f = Number of measurements rejected Number of measurements · 100 [%]

In einem zweiten Schritt wird pro Fahrstreifen und Fahrzeugart die Geschwindigkeit und die Verkehrsstärke exponentiell geglättet. v Pkw,Lkw(t) = βv·vPkw,Lkw(t) + (1-βv)·v Pkw,Lkw(t-1)   0 ≤ βv ≤ 1 q Pkw,Lkw(t) = βq·qPkw,Lkw(t) + (1-βv)·q Pkw,Lkw(t-1)   0 ≤ βq ≤ 1 In a second step, the speed and traffic volume are smoothed exponentially for each lane and vehicle type. v Car Truck (t) = β v · v Car Truck (t) + (1-β v ) · v Car Truck (t-1) 0 ≤ β v ≤ 1 q Car Truck (t) = β q · q Car Truck (t) + (1-β v ) · q Car Truck (t-1) 0 ≤ β q ≤ 1

Da zu Beginn einer Messung noch kein geglätteter Wert für das vorhergehende Intervall vorliegt, wird dann der aktuelle Meßwert verwendet. Für die Geschwindigkeit wird der erste Meßwert bei Beginn der Glättung bzw. der erste geglättete Wert bei Überschreitung der Bandbreite als Referenzwert gespeichert. Jede Minute wird entschieden, ob der neu berechnete, geglättete Wert innerhalb einer definierten Bandbreite um den Referenzwert liegt. Falls die Bandbreite überschritten wird, wird der letzte geglättete Wert übertragen. Dieser repräsentiert das neue Geschwindigkeitsniveau.Since there was no smoothed value for the previous interval is present, then the current measured value used. The first measured value is for the speed at the start of smoothing or the first smoothed value saved as reference value if the bandwidth is exceeded. Every minute it is decided whether the newly calculated smoothed value within a defined range the reference value. If the bandwidth is exceeded the last smoothed value is transmitted. This represents the new speed level.

Die folgende Tabelle zeigt anhand einer Meßreihe einer BAB, die Auswirkung des Glättungsparameters b und der Bandbreite D für die Verkehrsstärke und die mittlere Geschwindigkeit auf die Kommunikation zwischen dem Aggregationsmodul und der Zentrale. Übertragungs-intervall Aggregations-intervall [min] Verkehrsparameter Glättungsparameter β Bandbreite Δ [+/- %] Kommunikation / Tag Fehler konstant 5 min 1 v,q 288 variabel 1 q 0,1 10 116 variabel 1 q 0,1 20 46 variabel 1 q 0,1 30 22 variabel 1 q 0,2 10 285 variabel 1 q 0,2 20 77 variabel 1 q 0,2 30 37 variabel 1 q 0,3 10 465 variabel 1 q 0,3 20 130 variabel 1 q 0,3 30 57 variabel 1 v 0,1 10 108 variabel 1 v 0,1 20 45 variabel 1 v 0,1 30 25 variabel 1 v 0,2 10 129 variabel 1 v 0,2 20 69 variabel 1 v 0,2 30 31 variabel 1 v 0,3 10 145 variabel 1 v 0,3 20 79 variabel 1 v 0,3 30 48 The following table uses a series of measurements from a BAB to show the effect of the smoothing parameter b and the bandwidth D for the traffic volume and the average speed on the communication between the aggregation module and the control center. Transmission interval Aggregation interval [min] traffic parameters Smoothing parameter β Bandwidth Δ [+/-%] Communication / day error constant 5 min 1 v, q 288 variable 1 q 0.1 10 116 variable 1 q 0.1 20 46 variable 1 q 0.1 30 22 variable 1 q 0.2 10 285 variable 1 q 0.2 20 77 variable 1 q 0.2 30 37 variable 1 q 0.3 10 465 variable 1 q 0.3 20 130 variable 1 q 0.3 30 57 variable 1 v 0.1 10 108 variable 1 v 0.1 20 45 variable 1 v 0.1 30 25 variable 1 v 0.2 10 129 variable 1 v 0.2 20 69 variable 1 v 0.2 30 31 variable 1 v 0.3 10 145 variable 1 v 0.3 20 79 variable 1 v 0.3 30 48

Vorgeschlagen werden bei einer Entscheidung über die Geschwindigkeitsabweichung ein b von 0,4 und eine Bandbreite D von +/- 10 % oder über die Verkehrsstärkeabweichung ein b von 0,2 und eine Bandbreite D von +/- 15 %.Are suggested when deciding on the speed deviation ab of 0.4 and a bandwidth D of +/- 10% or over the deviation in traffic volume a b of 0.2 and a bandwidth D of +/- 15%.

Um unterschiedliche Strecken mit unterschiedlichen Verkehrssituationen berücksichtigen zu können müssen die Parameter für b und die Bandbreite für jeden MQ (pro Fahrtrichtung) getrennt definiert werden können. Daher sind für jeden MQ die folgenden Werte in einem neuen Runtime File zu versorgen. Die Parameter gelten für alle Fahrstreifen einer Fahrtrichtung.

  • v: βPkw,ΔPkw,βLkw,ΔLkw
  • q: βPkw,ΔPkw,βLkw,ΔLkw
    • In order to be able to take different routes with different traffic situations into account, the parameters for b and the bandwidth for each MQ (per direction of travel) must be defined separately. Therefore, the following values must be provided in a new runtime file for each MQ. The parameters apply to all lanes in one direction.
  • v: β cars , Δ cars , β trucks , Δ trucks
  • q: β cars , Δ cars , β trucks , Δ trucks

    • Da durch die schwellwertorientierte Übertragung ein Zeitraum von bis zu 30 Minuten erfaßt werden muß, können dann keine einzelnen Minutenintervalle gespeichert und übertragen werden. In diesen Fällen muß jeweils ein n-min-Intervall gebildet werden.As a result of the threshold-oriented transmission of up to 30 minutes cannot be recorded individual minute intervals can be saved and transmitted. In these cases, an n-min interval must be formed become.

    Für statistische Zwecke sollten die genauen Zahlen für die klassenbezogene Verkehrsstärke und die mittlere Geschwindigkeit für jeden Fahrstreifen berechnet werden. Hierfür wird jede Minute die aktuelle Zahl der Fahrzeuge pro Fahrzeugklasse (Pkw, Lkw) und pro Fahrstreifen aufsummiert und die zugehörige mittlere Geschwindigkeit berechnet. Diese Summation erfolgt so lange bis ein neues Telegramm gesendet wird. Danach werden die Zähler auf Null gesetzt und mit einer neuen Aggregation begonnen. Verkehrsstärke pro Fahrstreifen qt Pkw,Lkw,Fz = qt-1 Pkw,Lkw,Fz + qaktuell Pkw,Lkw,Fz   [Fz / Intervall] For statistical purposes, the exact numbers for class-related traffic and average speed should be calculated for each lane. For this purpose, the current number of vehicles per vehicle class (cars, trucks) and per lane is added up every minute and the associated average speed is calculated. This summation continues until a new telegram is sent. Then the counters are set to zero and a new aggregation is started. Traffic volume per lane q t Cars, trucks, Fz = q t-1 Cars, trucks, Fz + q current Cars, trucks, Fz [Vehicle / interval]

    Mittlere lokale Geschwindigkeit pro Fahrstreifen:

    Figure 00130001
    Average local speed per lane:
    Figure 00130001

    Zusätzlich muß noch die Dauer des Aggregationsintervalls übertragen werden, für das diese Werte gelten.The duration of the aggregation interval must also be added for which these values apply.

    Die Standardabweichung pro Fahrstreifen wird jede Minute aus der aktuellen Standardabweichung der letzten Minute s und der aggregierten Standardabweichung S des laufenden Aggregationsintervalls berechnet:

    Figure 00130002
    The standard deviation per lane is calculated every minute from the current standard deviation of the last minute s and the aggregated standard deviation S of the current aggregation interval:
    Figure 00130002

    Der Belegungsgrad pro Fahrstreifen muß mit der Anzahl n der bereits aggregierten Belegungen gewichtet werden: bt = bt-1·n+baktuell n+1 [%] The degree of occupancy per lane must be weighted with the number n of the aggregations already aggregated: b t = b t-1 · N + b current n + 1 [%]

    Die Fehler-Länge und Fehler-Belegung werden im Aggregationsintervall summiert.The error length and error assignment are in the aggregation interval summed.

    Um festzustellen, ob der Detektor bzw. das Modul noch funktionsfähig ist und, um die Werte für die Verkehrsstärke nicht zu groß werden zu lassen, muß gewährleistet sein, daß in festen Intervallen Telegramme abgesetzt werden, und zwar unabhängig von der verkehrlichen Situation. Diese Intervalllänge sollte bei 30 Minuten ab der letzten Übertragung liegen. Um die Übertragung auch von der Zentrale aus anregen zu können, muß die Kommunikation alle 5 Minuten aufgebaut werden. Dann können bei Bedarf von der Zentrale, z.B. bei einem Neustart der Zentralensoftware, neue Daten abgefragt werden. To determine whether the detector or module is still functional is and to the values for the traffic volume not To get too big, it must be guaranteed that in solid Intervals of telegrams are sent, independently from the traffic situation. This interval length should be 30 minutes from the last broadcast. Around to be able to initiate the transmission from the head office, communication must be established every 5 minutes. Then can be requested from the central office, e.g. on a restart the central software, new data can be queried.

    Datenpaket von Aggregationsmodul pro ÜbertragungData packet from aggregation module per transmission

    Zeittime [wt:hh:mm][Wt: hh: mm] Endzeitpunkt ErfassungsintervallEnd time acquisition interval MQMQ [-][-] Meßquerschnitts-Nr.Measuring cross-section no. spurbezogene Werte, geglättet:Track-related values, smoothed: Q_Pkw_expQ_Pkw_exp [Fz/min][Veh / min] Verkehrsstärke, Pkw, geglättetTraffic volume, cars, smoothed Q_Lkw_expQ_Lkw_exp [Fz/min][Veh / min] Verkehrsstärke, Lkw, geglättetTraffic volume, truck, smoothed Q_ges_expQ_ges_exp [Fz/min][Veh / min] Verkehrsstärke, Kfz, geglättetTraffic volume, motor vehicles, smoothed V_Pkw_expV_Pkw_exp [km/h][Km / h] lokale Geschw., Pkw, geglättetlocal speed, car, smoothed V_Lkw_expV_Lkw_exp [km/h][Km / h] lokale Geschw., Lkw, geglättetlocal speed, truck, smoothed spurbezogene Werte, pro Aggregationsintervalltrack-related values, per aggregation interval Intervallinterval [min][Min] Aggregationsintervallaggregation interval Q_PkwQ_Pkw [Fz/Intervall][Fz / interval] Verkehrsstärke, PkwTraffic volume, cars Q_LkwQ_Lkw [Fz/Intervall][Fz / interval] Verkehrsstärke, LkwTraffic volume, trucks Q_gesQ_ges [Fz/Intervall][Fz / interval] Verkehrsstärke, KfzTraffic volume, motor vehicle V_PkwV_Pkw [km/h][Km / h] lokale Geschwindigkeit, Pkwlocal speed, car V_LkwV_Lkw [km/h][Km / h] lokale Geschwindigkeit, Lkwlocal speed, truck SVSV [km/h][Km / h] Standardabweichung V_KfzStandard deviation V_Kfz BB [%][%] Belegungsgradoccupancy rate Fehler-LängeError length [-][-] verschlüsselter Fehlercodeencrypted error code Fehler-BError-B [-][-] verschlüsselter Fehlercodeencrypted error code

    In der Zentrale werden die übertragenen Werte fur die geglättete Verkehrsstärke und Geschwindigkeit sowie für Standardabweichung und Belegung so lange für die einzelnen zukünftigen Minutenintervalle angenommen, bis ein neuer Wert übertragen wird. Im Archiv müssen die geglätteten Werte mit einer Markierung versehen werden, die bestimmt, ob der archivierte Wert ein echter geglätteter Meßwert oder ein fortgeschriebener (angenommener) Wert für den Zeitpunkt ist.
    Für die neuen Summenwerte ist für statistische Auswertungen ein eigenes Archiv zu erstellen.     The transmitted values for the smoothed traffic volume and speed as well as for standard deviation and occupancy for the individual future minute intervals are accepted in the control center until a new value is transmitted. In the archive, the smoothed values must be marked with a marker that determines whether the archived value is a real smoothed measured value or an updated (assumed) value for the time.
    A separate archive must be created for the new total values for statistical evaluations.

    Mit der Erfindung wird ein äußerst flexibles Verfahren angegeben, mit welchem unter Verknüpfung unterschiedlichster Verkehrsmodelle ein nahezu netzumfassendes, flächendeckendes Verkehrsinformationssystem aufbaubar ist, welches Daten für unterschiedlichste Informationszwecke liefert. Es können herkömmliche und bereits bekannte Modelle und Verfahren eingesetzt und kombiniert werden. Prognosen können ganglinienbasierte Prognosen an Meßstellen, modellgestützte Prognosen für Abschnitte und Maschen und Ergänzungen nicht meßbarer Effekte unter Verwendung künstlicher Intelligenz sein. Für die Berechnung von Mittelwerten werden übliche Formeln eingesetzt.The invention provides an extremely flexible method, with which with the connection of different traffic models an almost network-wide, nationwide Traffic information system is buildable, which data for provides a wide variety of information purposes. It can be conventional and already known models and processes are used and be combined. Forecasts can be curve-based Forecasts at measuring points, model-based forecasts for Sections and meshes and additions of immeasurable effects using artificial intelligence. For the calculation Standard formulas of average values are used.

    Weitere Vorteile und Merkmale der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der folgenden Beschreibung anhand der Figuren. Dabei zeigen:

    Figur 1
    ein Flußdiagramm als Beispiel für ein Realisationsbeispiel für den ereignisorientierten Sendevorgang;
    Figur 2
    Diagramme, die die Darstellung der Verkehrsstärke über die Zeit zeigen, und
    Figur 3
    Diagramme, welche ebenfalls die Darstellung der Verkehrsstärke über die Zeit in weiteren Zeitintervallen zeigen.
    Further advantages and features of the invention result from the following description with reference to the figures. Show:
    Figure 1
    a flow chart as an example of a realization example for the event-oriented transmission process;
    Figure 2
    Diagrams showing the display of traffic volume over time, and
    Figure 3
    Diagrams which also show the representation of the traffic volume over time in further time intervals.

    An einem gegebenen Meßquerschnitt werden in der beschriebenen Weise die verschiedenen verkehrsbezogenen Werte ermittelt. Im gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß Figur 1 werden die Werte v,q fahrstreifenbezogen aggregiert. Parallel wird die Standardabweichung berechnet. In Abhängigkeit davon, ob bereits ein geglättetes v vorhanden ist oder nicht, erfolgt die exponentielle Glättung und die Bandbreitenprüfung für die Werte. Daraufhin erfolgt die Senden-/Nicht-senden-Entscheidung. At a given measuring cross section, the described Way the various traffic-related values determined. in the shown embodiment according to Figure 1, the values v, q aggregated by lane. In parallel, the standard deviation calculated. Depending on whether already if there is a smoothed v or not, the exponential takes place Smoothing and bandwidth checking for the values. Then the send / not send decision is made.

    Die Figuren 2 und 3 zeigen insgesamt vier Diagramme von jeweils Sechs-Stunden-Intervallen, also die Verkehrsstärkewerte für einen ganzen Tag, und zwar jeweils in ungeglätteter, geglätteter sowie gesendeter Darstellung. Es lassen sich die verfahrensgemäßen Ergebnisse in Bezug auf wirtschaftliche Sendeentscheidungen erkennen.Figures 2 and 3 show a total of four diagrams of each Six-hour intervals, i.e. the traffic volume values for a whole day, each time in unsmoothed, smoothed as well as sent representation. They can be procedural results in terms of economic Recognize broadcast decisions.

    Die Darstellungen zeigen, wie mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren konkrete meßstellenbezogene Werte erfaßt beziehungsweise errechnet und gesendet werden. Alle erfaßten, errechneten und weiterverarbeiteten Daten und Ergebnisse stehen nunmehr zur Verfügung, um den Verkehrsteilnehmern entsprechende Verkehrsinformationen anzugeben. So lassen sich beispielsweise Reisezeiten für geplante Strecken oder unterschiedliche alternative Routen errechnen und darstellen. Auch lassen sich entsprechende Warnungen und Prognosen einschließlich der Prognosewahrscheinlichkeiten angeben.The illustrations show how with the method according to the invention concrete values related to the measuring point recorded respectively calculated and sent. All recorded, calculated and further processed data and results are now available available to the appropriate road users Provide traffic information. For example, Travel times for planned routes or different ones calculate and display alternative routes. Also can be corresponding warnings and forecasts, including the forecast probabilities specify.

    Die beschriebenen Bespiele dienen der Erläuterung und sind nicht beschränkend.The examples described are for explanation and are not restrictive.

    Claims (18)

    1. Method for acquiring traffic information relating to stretches of road, in particular motorways, local collection cross sections being formed by means of fixed detectors, traffic-related measured values being collected, pre-processed by means of local computers and transmitted to a subordinate data processing system after having been standardized into a predefined data protocol, aggregated and statistically evaluated, characterized in that the data which is aggregated and statistically evaluated by means of local computers is smoothed, placed in a relationship with a predefined reference value and is not transmitted by wire-free transmission until a threshold value range which is defined around the reference value is exceeded or undershot.
    2. Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that the reference value is determined from the data of a preceding time interval.
    3. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the threshold value range can be set in a variable fashion.
    4. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, in order to pre-process the data locally, its plausibility is checked by means of model comparisons.
    5. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, in order to pre-process the measured values locally, average value calculations are carried out.
    6. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, at every transmission, a time interval of predefined length is started, at the end of which a transmission takes place if said time interval has not been started again by a situation-related transmission.
    7. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that vehicle speed, traffic density and occupancy are collected as measured values.
    8. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the measured values are collected in a traffic-lane-related fashion.
    9. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the vehicle-type-distinguishing values are collected as measured values.
    10. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a data transmission rate is additionally defined as a function of state codes.
    11. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the data transmission rates of adjacent collection cross sections are matched.
    12. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a control centre for all collection cross sections of a network or for a plurality of superordinate data processing systems is assigned as a superordinate data processing system.
    13. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that traffic information which relates to stretches of road is calculated in at least one superordinate data processing system by logically combining the transmitted data of adjacent collection cross sections.
    14. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the data is evaluated in order to search for routes.
    15. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the data is evaluated in order to output traffic routing information.
    16. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the data is evaluated in order to issue traffic forecasts.
    17. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the data is evaluated in order to output travel time information.
    18. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the data is evaluated in order to output road congestion information.
    EP98117158A 1997-09-11 1998-09-10 Method for detecting traffic information Expired - Lifetime EP0902403B1 (en)

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