EP0894556A1 - Side wall for a twin roll continuous casting machine for casting thin metal strip - Google Patents

Side wall for a twin roll continuous casting machine for casting thin metal strip Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0894556A1
EP0894556A1 EP98401491A EP98401491A EP0894556A1 EP 0894556 A1 EP0894556 A1 EP 0894556A1 EP 98401491 A EP98401491 A EP 98401491A EP 98401491 A EP98401491 A EP 98401491A EP 0894556 A1 EP0894556 A1 EP 0894556A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
casting
recess
refractory
refractory material
cylinders
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
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EP98401491A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0894556B1 (en
Inventor
Jean-Michel Damasse
Christophe Ganser
Dominique Themines
Paul-Victor Riboud
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Thyssen Stahl AG
USINOR SA
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Thyssen Stahl AG
USINOR SA
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Publication of EP0894556A1 publication Critical patent/EP0894556A1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/06—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars
    • B22D11/0637—Accessories therefor
    • B22D11/0648—Casting surfaces
    • B22D11/066—Side dams
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/06—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars
    • B22D11/0622—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars formed by two casting wheels

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the continuous casting of metals, and more particularly installations for casting metal strips, in particular steel, of a few mm thick, between two counter-rotating cylinders with horizontal axes, internally cooled.
  • the object of the invention is to propose a lateral face configuration which avoids that the degradation of the positive insert has harmful consequences on the quality of the tape and the flow of the casting.
  • the invention relates to a lateral face for closing off the space.
  • casting of a continuous casting installation of metal strips between two cylinders close counter-rotating with horizontal axes of the type having a lower part in a first refractory material, of high hardness, in the zone where said lower part is in contact with the edges of said cylinders, or of liquid metal likely to be in progress solidification, or an edge of the solidified strip, characterized in that said part lower comprises, on its face intended to be turned in the direction of the pouring space, a recess filled with a refractory material.
  • said refractory material enclosed by said recess is a material having a lower hardness than said first refractory material and high heat insulating properties.
  • the invention consists in giving the lateral face in its lowest part a bilayer structure, designed so that when the stresses exerted on the upper layer by the solidified metal become significant, it degrades without this degradation being able to extend to higher levels of the face lateral. This gives us the opportunity to control the unfolding of a phenomenon which, if occurred out of control, could lead to serious disruption of the operation of the casting machine.
  • the prior art casting installation between cylinders shown in the Figures 1 and 2 comprises, conventionally, two cylinders 1, 1 'close to horizontal axes whose cylindrical side walls 2, 2 'are energetically cooled internally. They are rotated in opposite directions by known means not shown.
  • the space of casting, in which the liquid steel 3 is introduced by a nozzle (not shown) connected to a container such as a pocket or a distributor, is delimited by the side walls 2, 2 ' cylinders 1, 1 'and by side faces 4, 4' made of refractory material (the side face 4 ' is not shown in Figure 1 to make visible the constitution of the side face 4).
  • FIG 2a shows the installation at the very start of casting, while the side faces 4, 4 ' are new and have facing the edges 5, 5 'of the cylinders, the liquid steel 3 and the strip 7 a uniformly flat front face.
  • Figure 2b shows the same installation at a later stage of casting, while the side faces 4, 4 'have already undergone a significant wear.
  • the central part 11 has been consumed at a depth "e” relatively significant by corrosion and mechanical wear in contact with liquid steel 3 in movement.
  • the hard material portions 8, 9 and 10 were worn by friction on a depth "x" in their zones which face the edges 5, 5 'of the cylinders 1, 1', while their zones not subjected to the friction of the edges 5, 5 ′ have, in the ideal case shown, no wear.
  • this positive insert 12 is subjected on its front part to intense stresses on the part of the steel 3 which may be, in its vicinity, already in a state partially solidified. Its lateral parts are likewise subject to contact with the skins. of solidified metal against the cylinders. Consequently, under the effect of these various stresses, there is a periodic and uncontrolled rupture of the lower part of the positive insert 12, along a generally irregular line 13.
  • this rupture extends relatively deep into the refractory, to the point of destroying sealing the casting space and leaving the possibility for liquid steel 14 to escape out of this space by a crevice 15. This is, in particular, the case if the rupture propagates upwards from positive insert 12, therefore towards regions where the metal which borders the lateral face 4, 4 ′ is entirely in the liquid state. If this steel 14 gets immediately solidifies between the side face 4 and the edge 5, it causes the face to recede lateral 4 and contributes a little more to its deterioration, as well as to that of edge 5. If the breach 15 opens to the outside, the liquid steel 14 can flow out of the machine casting with all the risks that this entails for the installation and the personnel.
  • the longitudinal sections in depth of the recess 16 and of the refractory 17 which fills it have the shape of a rectangular trapezium whose point is oriented towards the part upper part of the pouring space, and the large base of which is located opposite this same pouring space.
  • This large base extends over a height "h 1 " above the level of the neck 6, "h 1 " being equal to, for example, 70 mm (this value does not include the part of the small face intended for extend under the neck 6 after its installation).
  • the small base of the trapezoid, located at the rear of the recess extends over a height "h 2 " above the level of the neck 6, equal, for example, to 55 mm.
  • the recess 16 has a maximum depth "p" equal to, for example, 15 mm. "p" must be greater than the maximum tolerated value of the wear of the parts 8, 9, 10 of hard material of the lateral face 4, 4 ′, so that the refractory 17 which fills it can play its role during the assembly of casting.
  • Figure 4 shows in operation a casting installation between cylinders equipped with side faces 4, 4 'according to the invention, under the same conditions as the installation shown in Figure 2b.
  • a positive insert 12 of maximum thickness "x" at the levels where the side faces 4, 4 'are formed by the hard refractory 10.
  • the parts of the side faces 4, 4 'According to the invention which face the strip 7 or areas where the metal 3 is in the partially solidified state undergo wear the quantitative importance of which is a function of the stresses to which they are subjected. These stresses tend to increase with the solid fraction of the metal 3, and consequently, the penetration depth of the positive insert 12 decreases as one approaches the neck 6.
  • the positive insert 12 can possibly, as shown in Figure 4, be fully consumed.
  • the refractory 17 lining the recess 16 of each lateral face 4, 4 ′ according to the invention does not have a very high hardness, its wear is regular and we do not normally observe the presence of rupture lines of tormented shapes and random as line 13 in Figure 2b.
  • this rupture would necessarily stop at the limits of the recess 16.
  • the recess 16 has a section longitudinal trapezoidal shape. We therefore aim to ensure that, once the consumption of refractory 17 primed, the hard refractory 10 exposed to the liquid metal 3 or partially solidified a beveled surface offering only a relatively limited grip mechanical wear. A rectangular section for this recess 16 would leave after wear of the refractory 17 a hard refractory 10 having a sharp angle making it more sensitive to wear and more prone to sudden and irregular ruptures. That said, such a section rectangular of the recess 16 would essentially remain within the spirit of the invention.
  • the recess 16 has a section longitudinal in the shape of a right triangle.
  • the invention can easily be adapted to lateral faces which would have shapes different from the one shown in the previous example.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)
  • Electroplating Methods And Accessories (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Strip Materials And Filament Materials (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Pipe Accessories (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)
  • Forms Removed On Construction Sites Or Auxiliary Members Thereof (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Coating With Molten Metal (AREA)

Abstract

A lateral face (4) is claimed for closing the casting space of a continuous casting installation for the production of metal strip (7) between two rolls (1, 1') counter- rotating closely together on their horizontal axes, of the type incorporating a lower part (10) made of a first refractory material with an elevated hardness in the zone where the lower part (10) is in contact with the sides (5, 5') of the rolls (1, 1') or with the liquid metal (3) or with an edge of the solidified strip (7). The lower part (10) incorporates, on its face destined to be turned in the direction of the casting space, a recess filled with a refractory material. Preferably this refractory material enclosed by the recess is a material presenting a lower hardness than that of the first refractory material and with elevated thermal insulating properties.

Description

L'invention concerne la coulée continue des métaux, et plus particulièrement les installations de coulée de bandes métalliques, notamment en acier, de quelques mm d'épaisseur, entre deux cylindres contrarotatifs à axes horizontaux, refroidis intérieurement.The invention relates to the continuous casting of metals, and more particularly installations for casting metal strips, in particular steel, of a few mm thick, between two counter-rotating cylinders with horizontal axes, internally cooled.

Sur ces installations, dont l'application industrielle à la coulée d'acier est actuellement à l'étude, l'espace de coulée est délimité par les surfaces latérales des cylindres, contre lesquelles a lieu la solidification du métal, et par des plaques latérales d'obturation en matériau réfractaire qui sont appliquées contre les extrémités planes (dites "chants") des cylindres. Une telle installation est décrite, par exemple, dans le document EP-A-0 698 433.On these installations, whose industrial application to steel casting is currently under study, the pouring space is delimited by the lateral surfaces of the cylinders, against which the solidification of the metal takes place, and by lateral shutter plates in refractory material which are applied against the flat ends (called "edges") of the cylinders. Such an installation is described, for example, in document EP-A-0 698 433.

Les plaques latérales d'obturation doivent être constituées, au moins sur leurs parties qui frottent contre les chants des cylindres, par un premier matériau réfractaire, tel que du SiAlON®, présentant une grande dureté et une grande résistance à la corrosion par le métal liquide. Ces conditions sont jugées nécessaires pour obtenir une étanchéité satisfaisante des contacts plaque latérale/cylindres, et éviter ainsi que du métal liquide ne s'échappe de l'espace de coulée à leur niveau. La partie centrale de la face latérale, qui n'est au contact que du métal liquide et pas des cylindres, peut être réalisée en un deuxième matériau réfractaire, par exemple un matériau à base d'alumine ou de silice. On exige avant tout de ce deuxième matériau qu'il soit un bon isolant thermique, afin d'éviter que le métal liquide ne vienne se solidifier à son contact. Cependant, dans la partie inférieure extrême de la face latérale, qui, dans le cas de l'utilisation de cylindres ayant un diamètre de 1500 mm, débute 5 à 10 centimètres au-dessus du "col" (c'est-à-dire du niveau où les cylindres sont les plus proches l'un de l'autre et en-dessous duquel la bande est complètement solidifiée), on considère que la face latérale doit être constituée par ledit premier matériau réfractaire dur, ou un autre matériau de propriétés équivalentes. En effet, cette zone est soumise à d'importants frottements, non seulement de la part des cylindres, mais aussi de la part:

  • du métal solidifié présent sur les surfaces des cylindres (ce qu'on appelle les "peaux solidifiées");
  • du métal à l'état pâteux (partiellement solidifié) qui est présent entre les peaux solidifiées juste au-dessus du col, près des faces latérales, et qui tend à être entraíné vers le col sous l'effet des mouvements des cylindres;
  • et, en-dessous du col, de la bande elle-même.
The side closing plates must be made, at least on their parts which rub against the edges of the cylinders, by a first refractory material, such as SiAlON®, having a high hardness and a great resistance to corrosion by liquid metal. . These conditions are considered necessary to obtain a satisfactory seal of the side plate / cylinder contacts, and thus prevent liquid metal from escaping from the casting space at their level. The central part of the lateral face, which is in contact only with the liquid metal and not with the cylinders, can be made of a second refractory material, for example a material based on alumina or silica. Above all, this second material is required to be a good thermal insulator, in order to prevent the liquid metal from solidifying on contact. However, in the extreme lower part of the lateral face, which, in the case of the use of cylinders having a diameter of 1500 mm, begins 5 to 10 centimeters above the "neck" (ie the level where the cylinders are closest to each other and below which the strip is completely solidified), it is considered that the lateral face must be formed by said first hard refractory material, or another material with properties equivalent. Indeed, this zone is subjected to significant friction, not only on the part of the cylinders, but also on the part:
  • solidified metal present on the surfaces of the cylinders (so-called "solidified skins");
  • metal in the pasty state (partially solidified) which is present between the solidified skins just above the neck, near the lateral faces, and which tends to be drawn towards the neck under the effect of the movements of the cylinders;
  • and, below the collar, the band itself.

La sécurité du contact face latérales/cylindres dans cette zone pendant toute la coulée doit y primer sur la prévention des solidifications parasites. De plus la largeur très réduite de l'espace séparant les cylindres au niveau du col (égale à l'épaisseur désirée pour la bande, c'est à dire quelques mm) y rendrait très délicate, voire impossible, la juxtaposition des divers matériaux telle qu'elle existe dans le restant de la face latérale. The safety of the side face / cylinder contact in this area during the whole casting must take precedence over the prevention of parasitic solidifications. In addition the width very reduced space separating the cylinders at the neck (equal to the thickness desired for the strip, i.e. a few mm) would make it very delicate, even impossible, the juxtaposition various materials as it exists in the remainder of the side face.

Au cours de la coulée, l'action de plaquage des faces latérales contre les chants des cylindres provoque une usure des faces latérales par frottement, mais seulement dans les zones où elles sont au contact des cylindres. Il en résulte que les parties des faces latérales qui ne sont pas soumises à ce frottement viennent progressivement pénétrer à l'intérieur de l'espace de coulée, sur une profondeur qui peut finir par atteindre 5 à 15 mm. On forme ainsi ce que l'on appelle parfois un "insert positif".During casting, the action of pressing the side faces against the edges of the cylinders cause wear of the lateral faces by friction, but only in the areas where they are in contact with the cylinders. It follows that the parts of the lateral faces which are not subjected to this friction gradually penetrate inside of the pouring space, to a depth which can end up reaching 5 to 15 mm. Forming thus what is sometimes called a "positive insert".

Lorsqu'on examine les faces latérales usées, postérieurement à une coulée, on constate très fréquemment que la partie inférieure de l'insert positif est cassée, signe des intenses sollicitations auxquelles elle a été soumise pendant la coulée. Cette cassure a pour effet de diminuer brutalement la profondeur de pénétration de l'insert positif dans l'espace de coulée à partir d'un niveau situé plusieurs centimètres au-dessus du col, voire de détruire complètement l'insert positif en-dessous de ce niveau. Elle s'effectue selon un tracé aléatoire, qui peut dépendre notamment de la santé interne du réfractaire. Il y a donc un grand risque que cette cassure ne se propage dans diverses directions à l'intérieur du réfractaire, en provoquant la rupture et le départ de portions de la face latérale qui font face à des zones de l'espace de coulée où le métal est à l'état franchement liquide. Dans ce cas, inévitablement, on observe des fuites de métal liquide hors de l'espace de coulée, qui provoquent au moins une détérioration momentanée de la qualité de la bande. Si la cassure a lieu au niveau d'une zone de contact cylindres/face latérale, l'étanchéité de ce contact peut être retrouvée en appuyant plus fortement la face latérale: son usure permet de restaurer une surface de contact conforme à la géométrie des chants. Mais si l'incident se reproduit trop souvent au cours de la coulée, cela conduit à une consommation excessive du réfractaire dur de la face latérale, qui risque ainsi de ne pas supporter l'ensemble de la coulée si son épaisseur est trop faible. Et conférer à ce réfractaire dur une épaisseur suffisante pour lui faire assurément supporter toute la coulée, même lorsque surviennent de multiples incidents du type que l'on vient de décrire, conduirait à un prix de revient de la face latérale excessif. Enfin, si une fuite de métal liquide particulièrement importante se produit, elle peut tout simplement provoquer l'arrêt d'urgence de la coulée et une détérioration de l'installation.When examining the worn side faces, after casting, we very often finds that the lower part of the positive insert is broken, a sign of intense stresses to which it was subjected during casting. This break has effect of abruptly decreasing the penetration depth of the positive insert in the space of pouring from a level several centimeters above the neck, or even destroying completely the positive insert below this level. It takes place according to a route random, which may depend in particular on the internal health of the refractory. So there is a great risk that this break will spread in various directions inside the refractory, causing rupture and departure of portions of the lateral face which face to areas of the casting space where the metal is in a frankly liquid state. In that case, inevitably, liquid metal is leaked out of the pouring space, which cause at least a momentary deterioration in the quality of the tape. If the break takes place at the level of a cylinder / side face contact area, the sealing of this contact can be found by pressing the side more strongly: its wear allows to restore a contact surface conforms to the geometry of the edges. But if the incident happens again often during casting, this leads to excessive consumption of the refractory hard on the side face, which may not support the entire casting if its thickness is too thin. And give this hard refractory enough thickness for him certainly support the entire casting, even when multiple incidents occur of the type which has just been described, would lead to an excessive cost price for the lateral face. Finally, if a particularly large liquid metal leak occurs, it can all simply cause the emergency stop of the pouring and deterioration of the installation.

Le but de l'invention est de proposer une configuration de face latérale qui évite que la dégradation de l'insert positif n'ait des conséquences néfastes sur la qualité de la bande et le déroulement de la coulée.The object of the invention is to propose a lateral face configuration which avoids that the degradation of the positive insert has harmful consequences on the quality of the tape and the flow of the casting.

A cet effet, l'invention a pour objet une face latérale pour l'obturation de l'espace de coulée d'une installation de coulée continue de bandes métalliques entre deux cylindres contrarotatifs rapprochés à axes horizontaux, du type comportant une partie inférieure en un premier matériau réfractaire, de dureté élevée, dans la zone où ladite partie inférieure est en contact avec les chants desdits cylindres, ou du métal liquide susceptible d'être en cours de solidification, ou un bord de la bande solidifiée, caractérisée en ce que ladite partie inférieure comporte, sur sa face destinée à être tournée en direction de l'espace de coulée, un évidement rempli par un matériau réfractaire. To this end, the invention relates to a lateral face for closing off the space. casting of a continuous casting installation of metal strips between two cylinders close counter-rotating with horizontal axes, of the type having a lower part in a first refractory material, of high hardness, in the zone where said lower part is in contact with the edges of said cylinders, or of liquid metal likely to be in progress solidification, or an edge of the solidified strip, characterized in that said part lower comprises, on its face intended to be turned in the direction of the pouring space, a recess filled with a refractory material.

Préférentiellement, ledit matériau réfractaire renfermé par ledit évidement est un matériau présentant une plus faible dureté que ledit premier matériau réfractaire et des propriétés thermoisolantes élevées.Preferably, said refractory material enclosed by said recess is a material having a lower hardness than said first refractory material and high heat insulating properties.

Comme on l'aura compris, l'invention consiste à conférer à la face latérale dans sa partie la plus basse une structure bicouche, conçue pour que lorsque les sollicitations exercées sur la couche supérieure par le métal solidifié deviennent importantes, celle-ci se dégrade sans que cette dégradation puisse se prolonger à des niveaux supérieurs de la face latérale. On se donne ainsi la possibilité de maítriser le déroulement d'un phénomène qui, s'il se produisait hors de tout contrôle, pourrait conduire à de graves perturbations du fonctionnement de la machine de coulée.As will be understood, the invention consists in giving the lateral face in its lowest part a bilayer structure, designed so that when the stresses exerted on the upper layer by the solidified metal become significant, it degrades without this degradation being able to extend to higher levels of the face lateral. This gives us the opportunity to control the unfolding of a phenomenon which, if occurred out of control, could lead to serious disruption of the operation of the casting machine.

L'invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture de la description qui suit, donnée en référence aux figures annexées suivantes:

  • la figure 1, qui montre schématiquement, vue de face et au repos, une installation de coulée continue de bandes minces entre deux cylindres munie d'une seule de ses deux faces latérales, celles-ci étant conformes à l'art antérieur à l'invention;
  • la figure 2 qui montre, vue de côté en coupe longitudinale selon II-II, la même installation au stade initial de la coulée d'une bande métallique (figure 2a), puis à un stade de la coulée où les faces latérales ont déjà subi une usure significative (figure 2b);
  • la figure 3 qui montre schématiquement, vue de côté en coupe selon IIIa-IIIa (figure 3a) et vue de face (figure 3b) une face latérale selon l'invention;
  • la figure 4 qui montre, vue de côté en coupe longitudinale, une installation de coulée entre cylindres de bandes métalliques équipée de faces latérales selon l'invention, à un stade de la coulée où celles-ci ont déjà subi une usure significative.
The invention will be better understood on reading the description which follows, given with reference to the following appended figures:
  • Figure 1, which shows schematically, front view and at rest, a continuous casting installation of thin strips between two cylinders provided with only one of its two lateral faces, these being in accordance with the prior art to the invention;
  • Figure 2 which shows, side view in longitudinal section along II-II, the same installation at the initial stage of the casting of a metal strip (Figure 2a), then at a stage of casting where the side faces have already undergone significant wear (Figure 2b);
  • Figure 3 which shows schematically, side view in section along IIIa-IIIa (Figure 3a) and front view (Figure 3b) a side face according to the invention;
  • Figure 4 which shows, side view in longitudinal section, a casting installation between cylinders of metal strips equipped with side faces according to the invention, at a stage of casting where they have already undergone significant wear.

Les dimensions qui seront données en exemple pour les divers éléments des faces latérales selon l'invention sont valables dans le cas où on utilise des cylindres de coulée dont le diamètre est de l'ordre de 1500 mm. Si on utilise des cylindres plus petits, ces dimensions doivent être réduites en conséquence.The dimensions which will be given as an example for the various elements of the faces lateral according to the invention are valid in the case where casting rolls are used whose the diameter is of the order of 1500 mm. If smaller cylinders are used, these dimensions should be reduced accordingly.

L'installation de coulée entre cylindres selon l'art antérieur représentée sur les figures 1 et 2 comporte, classiquement, deux cylindres 1, 1' rapprochés à axes horizontaux dont les parois latérales cylindriques 2, 2' sont énergiquement refroidies intérieurement. Ils sont mis en rotation en sens contraires par des moyens connus non représentés. L'espace de coulée, dans lequel l'acier liquide 3 est introduit par une busette (non représentée) connectée à un récipient tel qu'une poche ou un répartiteur, est délimité par les parois latérales 2, 2' des cylindres 1, 1' et par des faces latérales 4, 4' en matériau réfractaire (la face latérale 4' n'est pas représentée sur la figure 1 pour rendre visible la constitution de la face latérale 4). Celles-ci sont appliquées par des moyens connus (non représentés) contre les chants 5, 5', 5" des cylindres 1, 1' de manière à obturer latéralement l'espace de coulée et empêcher ainsi l'acier liquide 3 de s'en échapper. Le document EP-A-0 698 433 déjà cité décrit en détail un exemple (non limitatif) de tels moyens. L'acier liquide 3 se solidifie contre les parois latérales 2, 2' des cylindres et y forme deux "peaux" qui se rejoignent au niveau du col 6 (la zone où les surfaces latérales 2, 2' des cylindres 1, 1' sont les plus rapprochées) pour former une bande d'acier 7 qui est extraite en continu de l'installation par des moyens connus non représentés.The prior art casting installation between cylinders shown in the Figures 1 and 2 comprises, conventionally, two cylinders 1, 1 'close to horizontal axes whose cylindrical side walls 2, 2 'are energetically cooled internally. They are rotated in opposite directions by known means not shown. The space of casting, in which the liquid steel 3 is introduced by a nozzle (not shown) connected to a container such as a pocket or a distributor, is delimited by the side walls 2, 2 ' cylinders 1, 1 'and by side faces 4, 4' made of refractory material (the side face 4 ' is not shown in Figure 1 to make visible the constitution of the side face 4). These are applied by known means (not shown) against the edges 5, 5 ', 5 "of the cylinders 1, 1 'so as to close off the pouring space laterally and thus prevent the liquid steel 3 to escape from it. The document EP-A-0 698 433 already cited describes in detail a example (non-limiting) of such means. Liquid steel 3 solidifies against the walls side 2, 2 'of the cylinders and forms two "skins" there which meet at the neck 6 (the area where the side surfaces 2, 2 'of the cylinders 1, 1' are closest together) to form a steel strip 7 which is continuously extracted from the installation by known means not represented.

Comme on le voit sur la figure 1, les éléments en matériau réfractaire des faces latérales 4, 4' de l'exemple représenté comportent deux parties. Leurs portions 8, 9 qui sont au contact des chants 5, 5' des cylindres 1, 1' ou au voisinage des zones où s'effectue ce contact, ainsi que l'ensemble de leur partie inférieure 10 sur une hauteur de 150 mm environ, sont réalisées en un premier matériau, de dureté élevée et ayant de grandes qualités de résistance à la corrosion par le métal liquide. La partie centrale 11 restante des faces latérales 4, 4' est réalisée en un matériau ayant, de préférence, de bonnes propriétés d'isolation thermique et pouvant être d'une dureté plus faible que ledit premier matériau. La figure 2a représente l'installation au tout début de la coulée, alors que les faces latérales 4, 4' sont neuves et présentent face aux chants 5, 5' des cylindres, à l'acier liquide 3 et à la bande 7 une face frontale uniformément plane. La figure 2b représente la même installation à un stade ultérieur de la coulée, alors que les faces latérales 4, 4' ont déjà subi une importante usure. La partie centrale 11 a été consommée sur une profondeur "e" relativement importante par corrosion et usure mécanique au contact de l'acier liquide 3 en mouvement. Les portions 8, 9 et 10 en matériau dur ont été usées par frottement sur une profondeur "x" dans leurs zones qui font face aux chants 5, 5' des cylindres 1, 1', alors que leurs zones non soumises au frottement des chants 5, 5' n'ont, dans le cas idéal représenté, subi aucune usure. Ces dernières forment donc en cours de coulée, avec le réfractaire de la partie centrale 11 qu'elles enserrent, un "insert positif' 12 pénétrant dans l'espace de coulée. Dans sa partie inférieure, cet insert positif 12 est soumis sur sa partie frontale à d'intenses sollicitations de la part de l'acier 3 qui peut se trouver, à son voisinage, déjà dans un état partiellement solidifié. Ses parties latérales sont, de même, soumises au contact des peaux de métal solidifiées contre les cylindres. En conséquence, sous l'effet des ces diverses sollicitations, on assiste à une rupture périodique et incontrôlée de la partie inférieure de l'insert positif 12, selon une ligne 13 généralement irrégulière. Dans certains cas, cette rupture se prolonge relativement profondément dans le réfractaire, au point de détruire l'étanchéité de l'espace de coulée et de laisser la possibilité à de l'acier liquide 14 de s'échapper hors de cet espace par une anfractuosité 15. C'est, en particulier, le cas si la rupture se propage vers le haut de l'insert positif 12, donc en direction de régions où le métal qui avoisine la face latérale 4, 4' est entièrement à l'état liquide. Si cet acier 14 se solidifie immédiatement entre la face latérale 4 et le chant 5, il provoque un recul de la face latérale 4 et contribue un peu plus à sa détérioration, ainsi qu'à celle du chant 5. Si l'anfractuosité 15 débouche à l'extérieur, l'acier liquide 14 peut s'écouler hors de la machine de coulée avec tous les risques que cela entraíne pour l'installation et le personnel. As can be seen in FIG. 1, the elements made of refractory material of the faces side 4, 4 'of the example shown have two parts. Their portions 8, 9 which are in contact with the edges 5, 5 'of the cylinders 1, 1' or in the vicinity of the zones where this contact, as well as all of their lower part 10 over a height of approximately 150 mm, are made of a first material, of high hardness and having great qualities of resistance to corrosion by liquid metal. The central part 11 remaining of the faces side 4, 4 'is made of a material preferably having good properties thermal insulation and may be of a lower hardness than said first material. The Figure 2a shows the installation at the very start of casting, while the side faces 4, 4 ' are new and have facing the edges 5, 5 'of the cylinders, the liquid steel 3 and the strip 7 a uniformly flat front face. Figure 2b shows the same installation at a later stage of casting, while the side faces 4, 4 'have already undergone a significant wear. The central part 11 has been consumed at a depth "e" relatively significant by corrosion and mechanical wear in contact with liquid steel 3 in movement. The hard material portions 8, 9 and 10 were worn by friction on a depth "x" in their zones which face the edges 5, 5 'of the cylinders 1, 1', while their zones not subjected to the friction of the edges 5, 5 ′ have, in the ideal case shown, no wear. The latter therefore form during casting, with the refractory of the central part 11 which they enclose, a "positive insert" 12 penetrating into the casting space. In its lower part, this positive insert 12 is subjected on its front part to intense stresses on the part of the steel 3 which may be, in its vicinity, already in a state partially solidified. Its lateral parts are likewise subject to contact with the skins. of solidified metal against the cylinders. Consequently, under the effect of these various stresses, there is a periodic and uncontrolled rupture of the lower part of the positive insert 12, along a generally irregular line 13. In some cases, this rupture extends relatively deep into the refractory, to the point of destroying sealing the casting space and leaving the possibility for liquid steel 14 to escape out of this space by a crevice 15. This is, in particular, the case if the rupture propagates upwards from positive insert 12, therefore towards regions where the metal which borders the lateral face 4, 4 ′ is entirely in the liquid state. If this steel 14 gets immediately solidifies between the side face 4 and the edge 5, it causes the face to recede lateral 4 and contributes a little more to its deterioration, as well as to that of edge 5. If the breach 15 opens to the outside, the liquid steel 14 can flow out of the machine casting with all the risks that this entails for the installation and the personnel.

Selon l'invention, afin d'éviter les problèmes causés par ces ruptures incontrôlées de la partie inférieure de l'insert positif 12, on choisit de créer délibérément, de construction, dans la partie inférieure de la face latérale 4, 4', une zone où cette rupture, si elle se produit, sera circonscrite. A cet effet, on ménage dans la partie inférieure de la face latérale 4, 4', sur une hauteur qui s'étend depuis son bord inférieur jusqu'à, par exemple, environ 70 mm au-dessus du niveau du col 6, un évidement 16 que l'on remplit par un matériau réfractaire 17. Celui-ci peut être le réfractaire dur et résistant à la corrosion qui constitue le restant de la partie inférieure 10 de la face latérale 4, 4'. Il peut également s'agir d'un matériau moins résistant à l'abrasion par le métal solide ou en cours de solidification, ainsi qu'à la corrosion par le métal liquide, mais présentant de bonnes propriétés thermoisolantes. On peut choisir à cet effet le même réfractaire que celui du coeur 11 de la face latérale 4, 4'. Mais un réfractaire à structure lamellaire, tel que du graphite ou du nitrure de bore, serait également bien adapté à cet usage, pour les raisons qui seront explicitées plus loin. Les deux réfractaires en jeu sont solidarisés selon des méthodes habituelles, par exemple par collage.According to the invention, in order to avoid the problems caused by these uncontrolled ruptures of the lower part of the positive insert 12, we choose to deliberately create, to construct, in the lower part of the lateral face 4, 4 ′, an area where this rupture, if it occurs, will be circumscribed. For this purpose, we clean in the lower part of the lateral face 4, 4 ', on a height which extends from its lower edge up to, for example, about 70 mm above at the level of the neck 6, a recess 16 which is filled with a refractory material 17. This can be the hard, corrosion-resistant refractory that makes up the rest of the lower part 10 of the lateral face 4, 4 '. It can also be a less material resistant to abrasion by solid metal or being solidified, as well as to corrosion by liquid metal, but having good thermal insulation properties. We can choose to this effect the same refractory as that of the core 11 of the lateral face 4, 4 '. But one refractory with a lamellar structure, such as graphite or boron nitride, would also be well suited to this use, for the reasons which will be explained below. Both refractory in play are joined together according to usual methods, for example by bonding.

Dans l'exemple préférentiel de mise en oeuvre de l'invention qui est représenté, les sections longitudinales en profondeur de l'évidement 16 et du réfractaire 17 qui le comble ont la forme d'un trapèze rectangle dont la pointe est orientée vers la partie supérieure de l'espace de coulée, et dont la grande base est située face à ce même espace de coulée. Cette grande base s'étend sur une hauteur "h1" au-dessus du niveau du col 6, "h1" étant égale à, par exemple, 70 mm (cette valeur n'inclut pas la partie de la petite face destinée à s'étendre sous le col 6 après sa mise en place). La petite base du trapèze, située à l'arrière de l'évidement, s'étend sur une hauteur "h2" au-dessus du niveau du col 6, égale, par exemple, à 55 mm. L'évidement 16 a une profondeur maximale "p" égale à, par exemple, 15 mm. "p" doit être supérieure à la valeur maximale tolérée de l'usure des parties 8, 9, 10 en matériau dur de la face latérale 4, 4', afin que le réfractaire 17 qui le remplit puisse jouer son rôle pendant l'ensemble de la coulée.In the preferred embodiment of the invention which is shown, the longitudinal sections in depth of the recess 16 and of the refractory 17 which fills it have the shape of a rectangular trapezium whose point is oriented towards the part upper part of the pouring space, and the large base of which is located opposite this same pouring space. This large base extends over a height "h 1 " above the level of the neck 6, "h 1 " being equal to, for example, 70 mm (this value does not include the part of the small face intended for extend under the neck 6 after its installation). The small base of the trapezoid, located at the rear of the recess, extends over a height "h 2 " above the level of the neck 6, equal, for example, to 55 mm. The recess 16 has a maximum depth "p" equal to, for example, 15 mm. "p" must be greater than the maximum tolerated value of the wear of the parts 8, 9, 10 of hard material of the lateral face 4, 4 ′, so that the refractory 17 which fills it can play its role during the assembly of casting.

La figure 4 montre en fonctionnement une installation de coulée entre cylindres équipée de faces latérales 4, 4' selon l'invention, dans les mêmes conditions que l'installation représentée sur la figure 2b. Dans les deux cas, on observe la formation d'un insert positif 12, d'épaisseur maximale "x" aux niveaux où les faces latérales 4, 4' sont constituées par le réfractaire dur 10. Mais les parties des faces latérales 4, 4' selon l'invention qui font face à la bande 7 ou à des zones où le métal 3 est à l'état partiellement solidifié subissent une usure dont l'importance quantitative est fonction des sollicitations auxquelles elles sont soumises. Ces sollicitations tendent à augmenter avec la fraction solide du métal 3, et en conséquence, la profondeur de pénétration de l'insert positif 12 diminue au fur et à mesure qu'on se rapproche du col 6. En-dessous du col 6, voire déjà un peu au-dessus, l'insert positif 12 peut éventuellement, comme représenté sur la figure 4, être entièrement consommé. Comme le réfractaire 17 garnissant l'évidement 16 de chaque face latérale 4, 4' selon l'invention ne présente pas une dureté très élevée, son usure est régulière et on ne constate pas, normalement, la présence de lignes de rupture de formes tourmentées et aléatoires comme la ligne 13 de la figure 2b. D'autre part, si néanmoins une sollicitation momentanément trop forte entraínait une rupture du réfractaire 17 garnissant l'évidement 16, cette rupture s'arrêterait nécessairement aux limites de l'évidement 16. Elle ne se propagerait donc pas dans les parties plus élevées de la face latérale 4, 4', c'est à dire celles qui sont au contact d'un métal 3 entièrement liquide qui risquerait donc de s'échapper hors de l'espace de coulée par des anfractuosités que créerait la propagation de cette rupture. La hauteur "h1" sur laquelle s'étendent au-dessus du col 6 l'évidement 16 et le réfractaire 17 qui le garnit doit être déterminée en conséquence.Figure 4 shows in operation a casting installation between cylinders equipped with side faces 4, 4 'according to the invention, under the same conditions as the installation shown in Figure 2b. In both cases, we observe the formation of a positive insert 12, of maximum thickness "x" at the levels where the side faces 4, 4 'are formed by the hard refractory 10. But the parts of the side faces 4, 4 'According to the invention which face the strip 7 or areas where the metal 3 is in the partially solidified state undergo wear the quantitative importance of which is a function of the stresses to which they are subjected. These stresses tend to increase with the solid fraction of the metal 3, and consequently, the penetration depth of the positive insert 12 decreases as one approaches the neck 6. Below the neck 6, or even already a little above, the positive insert 12 can possibly, as shown in Figure 4, be fully consumed. As the refractory 17 lining the recess 16 of each lateral face 4, 4 ′ according to the invention does not have a very high hardness, its wear is regular and we do not normally observe the presence of rupture lines of tormented shapes and random as line 13 in Figure 2b. On the other hand, if nevertheless a momentary too strong stress resulted in a rupture of the refractory 17 lining the recess 16, this rupture would necessarily stop at the limits of the recess 16. It would therefore not propagate in the higher parts of the lateral face 4, 4 ′, that is to say those which are in contact with an entirely liquid metal 3 which would therefore risk escaping out of the casting space by crevices that would create the propagation of this rupture. The height "h 1 " over which extend above the neck 6 the recess 16 and the refractory 17 which garnishes it must be determined accordingly.

On a dit plus haut que des matériaux à structure lamellaire comme le graphite ou le nitrure de bore étaient particulièrement indiqués pour constituer le réfractaire 17 garnissant l'évidement 16. C'est parce que cette structure lamellaire rend plus aisée leur usure sur un mode régulier et progressif, et l'évolution de la forme de l'insert positif 12 peut être ainsi mieux maítrisée. Cela dit, il peut être également tout à fait acceptable d'utiliser un matériau du type de ceux habituellement employés pour former la partie centrale 11 des faces latérales 4, 4' et qui présentent une relativement faible dureté et un pouvoir isolant élevé. L'utilisation de ces matériaux permet aussi d'éviter une solidification trop précoce du métal liquide 3 au-dessus du col 6. Enfin, il demeurerait dans l'esprit de l'invention d'utiliser, pour constituer le réfractaire 17 garnissant l'évidement 16, un réfractaire dur du type de celui qui forme la partie inférieure 10 et les bords 8, 9 des faces latérales 4, 4'. Certes, il serait alors possible que ce réfractaire 17 subisse des ruptures irrégulières, qui pourraient aller jusqu'à provoquer sa destruction complète. Mais au moins, on serait assuré que ces ruptures s'arrêteraient aux limites de l'évidement 16 et n'atteindraient pas des zones des faces latérales 4, 4' où elles pourraient provoquer de dangereuses fuites de métal liquide 3 hors de l'espace de coulée.We said above that materials with a lamellar structure such as graphite or boron nitride were particularly indicated to constitute the refractory 17 garnishing the recess 16. This is because this lamellar structure makes it easier to wear them on a regular and progressive mode, and the evolution of the shape of the positive insert 12 can thus be better mastered. However, it may also be entirely acceptable to use a material of the type usually used to form the central part 11 of the faces side 4, 4 'and which have a relatively low hardness and high insulating power. The use of these materials also makes it possible to avoid too early solidification of the metal liquid 3 above the neck 6. Finally, it would remain in the spirit of the invention to use, for constitute the refractory 17 lining the recess 16, a hard refractory of the type which forms the lower part 10 and the edges 8, 9 of the side faces 4, 4 '. Certainly it would be this refractory 17 could undergo irregular ruptures, which could go as far as cause its complete destruction. But at least we would be sure that these ruptures would stop at the limits of the recess 16 and would not reach areas of the faces side 4, 4 'where they could cause dangerous liquid metal leaks 3 out of casting space.

Dans l'exemple qui vient d'être décrit et représenté, l'évidement 16 a une section longitudinale de forme trapézoïdale. On vise ainsi à ce que, une fois la consommation du réfractaire 17 amorcée, le réfractaire dur 10 mis à nu présente au métal 3 liquide ou partiellement solidifié une surface biseautée n'offrant qu'une prise relativement limitée à l'usure mécanique. Une section rectangulaire pour cet évidement 16 laisserait après usure du réfractaire 17 un réfractaire dur 10 présentant un angle vif le rendant plus sensible à l'usure et davantage sujet à des ruptures brutales et irrégulières. Cela dit, une telle section rectangulaire de l'évidement 16 resterait, pour l'essentiel, dans l'esprit de l'invention.In the example which has just been described and shown, the recess 16 has a section longitudinal trapezoidal shape. We therefore aim to ensure that, once the consumption of refractory 17 primed, the hard refractory 10 exposed to the liquid metal 3 or partially solidified a beveled surface offering only a relatively limited grip mechanical wear. A rectangular section for this recess 16 would leave after wear of the refractory 17 a hard refractory 10 having a sharp angle making it more sensitive to wear and more prone to sudden and irregular ruptures. That said, such a section rectangular of the recess 16 would essentially remain within the spirit of the invention.

En variante, on peut également prévoir que l'évidement 16 ait une section longitudinale en forme de triangle rectangle.Alternatively, it is also possible to provide that the recess 16 has a section longitudinal in the shape of a right triangle.

L'invention peut aisément être adaptée à des faces latérales qui auraient des formes générales différentes de celle qui a été représentée dans l'exemple précédent.The invention can easily be adapted to lateral faces which would have shapes different from the one shown in the previous example.

La description qui suit a été donnée en référence à la coulée de bandes d'acier (au carbone au inoxydable), mais il va de soi que l'invention peut être appliquée à la coulée entre cylindres d'autres types d'alliages ferreux ou non ferreux, où les problèmes évoqués plus haut seraient susceptibles de se produire.The following description has been given with reference to the casting of steel strips (at carbon to stainless), but it goes without saying that the invention can be applied to casting between cylinders of other types of ferrous or non-ferrous alloys, where the problems mentioned higher would be likely to occur.

Claims (5)

Face latérale (4, 4') pour l'obturation de l'espace de coulée d'une installation de coulée continue de bandes métalliques (7) entre deux cylindres (1, 1') contrarotatifs rapprochés à axes horizontaux, du type comportant une partie inférieure (10) en un premier matériau réfractaire de dureté élevée dans la zone où ladite partie inférieure (10) est en contact avec les chants (5, 5') desdits cylindres (1, 1'), ou du métal liquide (3) susceptible d'être en cours de solidification, ou un bord de la bande solidifiée (7), caractérisée en ce que ladite partie inférieure (10) comporte, sur sa face destinée à être tournée en direction de l'espace de coulée, un évidement (16) rempli par un matériau réfractaire (17).Side face (4, 4 ') for closing off the pouring space of an installation continuous casting of metal strips (7) between two counter-rotating cylinders (1, 1 ') reconciled with horizontal axes, of the type comprising a lower part (10) first refractory material of high hardness in the area where said lower part (10) is in contact with the edges (5, 5 ') of said cylinders (1, 1'), or of liquid metal (3) susceptible being solidifying, or an edge of the solidified strip (7), characterized in that said lower part (10) comprises, on its face intended to be turned in the direction of the casting space, a recess (16) filled with a refractory material (17). Face latérale(4, 4') selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que ledit matériau réfractaire (17) renfermé par ledit évidement (16) est un matériau présentant une plus faible dureté que ledit premier matériau réfractaire et des propriétés thermoisolantes élevées.Side face (4, 4 ') according to claim 1, characterized in that said material refractory (17) enclosed by said recess (16) is a material having a lower hardness as said first refractory material and high thermal insulation properties. Face latérale (4, 4') selon la revendication 2, caractérisée en ce que ledit matériau réfractaire (17) renfermé par ledit évidement (16) est un matériau présentant une structure lamellaire, tel que le graphite ou le nitrure de bore.Side face (4, 4 ') according to claim 2, characterized in that said refractory material (17) enclosed by said recess (16) is a material having a lamellar structure, such as graphite or boron nitride. Face latérale (4, 4') selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisée en ce que ledit évidement (16) présente en profondeur une section longitudinale en forme de trapèze rectangle.Side face (4, 4 ') according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that said recess (16) has a longitudinal section in the shape of a trapezoid rectangle. Face latérale (4, 4') selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisée en ce que ledit évidement (16) présente en profondeur une section longitudinale en forme de triangle rectangle.Side face (4, 4 ') according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that said recess (16) has a longitudinal section in the form of a triangle rectangle.
EP98401491A 1997-07-04 1998-06-18 Side wall for a twin roll continuous casting machine for casting thin metal strip Expired - Lifetime EP0894556B1 (en)

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FR9708447 1997-07-04
FR9708447A FR2765504B1 (en) 1997-07-04 1997-07-04 SIDE SIDE FOR SEALING THE CASTING SPACE OF A CONTINUOUS CASTING INSTALLATION BETWEEN METAL THIN STRIP CYLINDERS

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JPS62212041A (en) * 1986-03-11 1987-09-18 Kawasaki Steel Corp Short side mold for continuous casting of thin casting slab
EP0403412A1 (en) * 1989-06-15 1990-12-19 Usinor Sacilor Side wall for a continuous casting plant with movable walls
EP0432073A1 (en) * 1989-12-07 1991-06-12 USINOR SACILOR Société Anonyme Device for continuous casting thin metallic products between two rolls
EP0477045A1 (en) * 1990-09-03 1992-03-25 Usinor Sacilor Apparatus for twin-roll continuous casting

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PT894556E (en) 2002-10-31
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ATE220584T1 (en) 2002-08-15
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BR9802349A (en) 1999-10-13
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KR19990013592A (en) 1999-02-25
CZ210998A3 (en) 1999-01-13
EP0894556B1 (en) 2002-07-17
PL186206B1 (en) 2003-11-28
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ES2178126T3 (en) 2002-12-16
TR199801294A2 (en) 1999-10-21

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