EP0894548A2 - Method and device for forming bulges on elements - Google Patents

Method and device for forming bulges on elements Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0894548A2
EP0894548A2 EP98113616A EP98113616A EP0894548A2 EP 0894548 A2 EP0894548 A2 EP 0894548A2 EP 98113616 A EP98113616 A EP 98113616A EP 98113616 A EP98113616 A EP 98113616A EP 0894548 A2 EP0894548 A2 EP 0894548A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hollow profile
punch
counter
pressure
branch
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP98113616A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0894548A3 (en
EP0894548B1 (en
Inventor
Arndt Birkert
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mercedes Benz Group AG
Original Assignee
DaimlerChrysler AG
Daimler Benz AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by DaimlerChrysler AG, Daimler Benz AG filed Critical DaimlerChrysler AG
Publication of EP0894548A2 publication Critical patent/EP0894548A2/en
Publication of EP0894548A3 publication Critical patent/EP0894548A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0894548B1 publication Critical patent/EP0894548B1/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
    • B21D26/02—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure
    • B21D26/033—Deforming tubular bodies
    • B21D26/037—Forming branched tubes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
    • B21C37/06—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of tubes or metal hoses; Combined procedures for making tubes, e.g. for making multi-wall tubes
    • B21C37/15—Making tubes of special shape; Making tube fittings
    • B21C37/28—Making tube fittings for connecting pipes, e.g. U-pieces
    • B21C37/29—Making branched pieces, e.g. T-pieces
    • B21C37/294—Forming collars by compressing a fluid or a yieldable or resilient mass in the tube

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing secondary shaped elements such as neckings, bulges, raised elongated Flat spots and the like on elongated, circumferential closed hollow profiles by means of hydroforming the preamble of claim 1 and a device for Implementation of the method according to the preamble of the claim 6.
  • a generic method or a generic device is known from DE 94 07 812.2 U1.
  • a secondary hollow element in the form of a tubular hollow profile a hollow cylindrical neck is created by the hollow profile inserted in a two-part hydroforming tool and after closing it with one from an externally arranged one High-pressure fluid generating system generated high-pressure fluid is applied on the inside.
  • the according to the course engraving of the hollow profile blank that conforms to the contour Forming tool has a branch into which the hollow profile material under the influence of high pressure together with an axial compression movement following the hollow profile material by applying the hollow profile on the front by means of two axially opposite each other in the engraving towards each other moved pressure stamp with formation of a neck is pushed out.
  • a counter-punch is slidably guided in the branch, which rests on the hollow profile during the entire molding process and with a counter-expansive force Internal pressure directed force acts on the hollow profile, the counter stamp controlled controlled evasive so that the necking does not run suddenly but in a controlled manner.
  • the countermark ensures that the Hollow section material in the cap area of the necking is not excessive thins out so that up to a certain level of necking the formation can run reliably
  • This height the necking depends on the material thinning of the Hollow profile in the mouth area of the branch for engraving, because there - even with a large radius of the bending edge there - one Stripping occurs, and from the material accumulation mentioned in the Cap area.
  • the described method concerns for one reliable process of production only short Hollow profiles, as long hollow profiles in the range of about 1m and longer the frictional forces between the engraving wall and the hollow profile in the axial pushing shown become so large that this without undesired wrinkling of the profile and / or Tears in the profile is no longer possible.
  • the invention has for its object a generic To further develop a method and a generic device, that an extension of the process limits at Production of a secondary form element with regard to an enlargement its height is reliable and achieved in a simple manner can be.
  • the task is according to the invention by the features of the claim 1 regarding the procedure and the characteristics of claim 6 solved with respect to the device.
  • the invention is due to the high pressure system of the hollow profile on the counter-punch in the counter-punch Submitted hollow profile material in the branch area, wherein the maximum material stress in the following less claimed fiber of the material takes place.
  • the hollow profile in the formation of the secondary form element Mouth area of the branch is relieved, since there by the in the branch area submitted material after the first to be made Protuberance of the hollow profile by pulling back the The usual expansion widened only significantly later the hollow profile wall and thus the material thinning occurs.
  • the secondary form element is by expanding the hollow profile with one generated in it High pressure fluid molded, during the molding process the counter stamp evasive towards the outside as the shape increases supports the hollow profile in a controlled manner in the forming area.
  • a hollow profile 1 is shown, which is in the engraving 2 of an internal high pressure forming tool 3 of the invention Device is introduced.
  • the forming tool 3 is in an upper tool 4 and a lower tool 5 divided, the Partition plane 23 between the two tool parts 4 and 5 the horizontal center plane of the hollow profile 1 coincides.
  • the upper tool 4 there is a radial profile on the hollow profile 1 directed recess 6 formed in the engraving 2nd opens and represents a branch of the engraving 2.
  • the cross section the branch can be circular, oval, rectangular or be polygonal, symmetrical or asymmetrical.
  • the Engraving 2 of the hydroforming tool 3 is otherwise fluidly connectable to a high-pressure fluid generating system.
  • a stop body 7 is rigid, that is, immovable arranged, wherein it is pressed into the recess 6 can be or is permanently supported on the back.
  • the stop body 7 hugs the branch wall 8 true to the contour all around and lies with its face facing the engraving 9 from the mouth area 10 of the branch to the engraving 2 by one certain distance back into the recess 6, which the Height of the secondary molded element 11 formed later forms, wherein the stop body 7 the expansion movement of the hollow profile material limited when forming as a stop.
  • the stop body 7 can also be an integral part of the upper tool 4.
  • the stop body 7 has a central passage 12, in the back with a mechanical or hydraulic Drive provided counter punch 13 is guided.
  • the counter-punch 13 has approximately the same cross-sectional shape of the stop body 7 and has the hollow profile on it 1 facing end face 14 a peripheral bevel.
  • the bevel advantageously results in a reliable process Applying the hollow profile material to the counter-punch 13, in which a notch of a sharp edge of the stamp 13 in the hollow profile material and thus susceptibility to cracking during forming is prevented by means of internal high pressure.
  • the end face 14 can also be rounded at the edge be trained.
  • Another conceivable possibility is that the counter punch 13 in cross section the recess 6 of length after filling out.
  • the counter punch is in the closed forming tool 3 13 out of the stop body 7 onto the hollow profile 1, which is arranged in the engraving 2 with little play and turns it over with its end face 14.
  • the counter punch 13 moved out of the stop body 7 this forms with the branch wall 8 by its spacing from it an annular gap, the width of which is suitable Dimensioning - as given in the exemplary embodiment - an annular space 15 can emerge from it.
  • the hollow profile 1 stands during the inversion process or, as shown in Fig. 1b, after completed insertion process under high internal pressure, flows the hollow profile material not only from the insertion point 17 immediately surrounding area 16 of the hollow profile 1 also from the area 18 of the engraving adjoining the branch 2 to the insertion point 17 and places itself on the counter stamp 13 circumferentially and on the front.
  • This will make hollow profile material condensed to the mouth region 10 of the branch, whereby Material of the hollow profile 1 for the formation of the secondary form element 11 and the height of the mold is therefore reliable can be increased.
  • Annulus 15 is hollow profile material at the same time the mentioned application on the counter-stamp in the plunge position 13 past this also from area 16 and 18 in displaced the annular space 15 so that hollow profile material even before the secondary molding element 11 is actually shaped what is present in the molding area 19 for molding synonymous with an additional presentation of hollow profile material and another process-reliable increase the mold height is.
  • the hollow profile 1 Secondary shaped element 11 shaped. This can be done by simply widening take place, which is particularly the case with long hollow profiles due to the friction ratio no axial pushing by attacking on both end faces of the hollow profile Printing stamping is possible, can be used. A pushing in during the expansion at relatively short Hollow profiles, on the other hand, are easily possible, which also material from the hollow profile ends into the shaping region 19 can be supplied, which also increases the Mold height of the secondary mold element 11 contributes.
  • the counter stamp 13 acts as usual the hollow profile 1 during the molding process support in the molding area, see above that the formation of the secondary mold element 11 is controlled.
  • the hollow profile material lays down in the final phase of the molding process at least on the stop body 7 and the branch wall 8 in rough approximation, the counter-stamp 13 is sunk into the stop body 7, so that both of them End faces 14 and 9 are flush with each other (Fig. 1d).
  • the secondary form elements 11 can also be used as neckings or bulges and the like on elongated, circumferentially closed Hollow profiles 1 and can be designed as a flange or Serve mounting surfaces. Here sheet metal parts and their Attachment to a hollow profile can be saved with which this Function is also available.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
  • Blow-Moulding Or Thermoforming Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The method concerns production of lateral form elements (bulges, shoulders, elongate flats etc.) on an elongate, circumferentially closed hollow article (1). The elements are produced by internal high pressure forming in a tool which has top and bottom halves. The article is dented in the region of the proposed lateral form element using a punch (13). Subsequently during the forming process, while the punch is being retracted, the material of article is pressed against the punch face and side surfaces by high internal fluid pressure. There is a fixed element which has a stop surface and an opening for passage and guidance of the punch (13).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Nebenformelementen wie Aushalsungen, Ausbauchungen, erhabenen länglichen Flachstellen und dergleichen an länglichen, umfänglich geschlossenen Hohlprofilen mittels Innenhochdruckumformen gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruches 1 und eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruches 6.The invention relates to a method for producing secondary shaped elements such as neckings, bulges, raised elongated Flat spots and the like on elongated, circumferential closed hollow profiles by means of hydroforming the preamble of claim 1 and a device for Implementation of the method according to the preamble of the claim 6.

Ein gattungsgemäßes Verfahren bzw. eine gattungsgemäße Vorrichtung ist aus dem DE 94 07 812.2 U1 bekannt. In diesem wird an einem rohrförmigen Hohlprofil ein Nebenformelement in der Form einer hohlzylindrischen Aushalsung erzeugt, indem das Hohlprofil in ein zweigeteiltes Innenhochdruck-Umformwerkzeug eingelegt und nach dessen Schließen mit einem von einer extern angeordneten Fluidhochdruckerzeugungsanlage erzeugten Fluidhochdruck innenseitig beaufschlagt wird. Die entsprechend dem Verlauf des Hohlprofilrohlings konturgerecht angepaßte Gravur des Umformwerkzeuges weist einen Abzweig auf, in den das Hohlprofilmaterial unter Einwirkung des Innenhochdruckes gemeinsam mit einer axialer hohlprofilmaterialnachführenden Stauchbewegung durch stirnseitiges Beaufschlagen des Hohlprofiles mittels zweier einander axial gegenüberliegender in der Gravur aufeinanderzu verschobener Druckstempel unter Ausbildung einer Aushalsung hinenverdrängt wird. Um ein frühzeitiges Bersten des Hohlprofilmaterials m Ausformbereich der Aushalsung zu verhindern, ist in dem Abzweig ein Gegenstempel verschiebbar geführt, der während des gesamten Ausformvorganges an dem Hohlprofil anliegt und mit einer entgegen der Kraft des expansiv wirkenden Innenhochdruckes gerichteten Kraft das Hohlprofil beaufschlagt, wobei der Gegenstempel gesteuert nach außen ausweicht, so daß die Aushalsung nicht schlagartig sondern kontrolliert abläuft. Gleichzeitig wird durch den Gegenstempel erreicht, daß sich das Hohlprofilmaterial im Kappenbereich der Aushalsung nicht übermäßig ausdünnt, so daß bis zu einer bestimmten Höhe der Aushalsung die Ausformung prozeßsicher ablaufen kann Diese Höhe der Aushalsung ist abhängig von der Materialausdünnung des Hohlprofiles im Mündungsbereich des Abzweiges zur Gravur, da dort - auch bei großem Radius der dortigen Biegekante - eine Abstreckung auftritt, und von der Materialansammlung im erwähnten Kappenbereich. Das beschriebene Verfahren betrifft für einen prozeßsicheren Ablauf der Herstellung ausschließlich kurze Hohlprofile, da bei langen Hohlprofilen im Bereich von etwa 1m und länger die Reibungskräfte zwischen Gravurwandung und Hohlprofil beim gezeigten axialen Nachschieben so groß werden, daß dieses ohne unerwünschte Faltenbildung des Profiles und/oder Scherrisse im Profil nicht mehr möglich ist. Bei langen Hohlprofilen kann daher nur durch einen reinen Aufweitprozeß die Aushalsung hergestellt werden, wobei jedoch für diese nur das von vornherein im Aushalsbereich vorhandene Material zur Verfügung steht und dieses somit dort nur aus der Wandstärke des Hohlprofiles heraus bezogen werden kann. Eine deutlich sichtbare längliche Aushalsung ist damit nicht erzielbar.A generic method or a generic device is known from DE 94 07 812.2 U1. In this is on a secondary hollow element in the form of a tubular hollow profile a hollow cylindrical neck is created by the hollow profile inserted in a two-part hydroforming tool and after closing it with one from an externally arranged one High-pressure fluid generating system generated high-pressure fluid is applied on the inside. The according to the course engraving of the hollow profile blank that conforms to the contour Forming tool has a branch into which the hollow profile material under the influence of high pressure together with an axial compression movement following the hollow profile material by applying the hollow profile on the front by means of two axially opposite each other in the engraving towards each other moved pressure stamp with formation of a neck is pushed out. In order to prematurely burst the To prevent hollow profile material in the molding area of the neck, a counter-punch is slidably guided in the branch, which rests on the hollow profile during the entire molding process and with a counter-expansive force Internal pressure directed force acts on the hollow profile, the counter stamp controlled controlled evasive so that the necking does not run suddenly but in a controlled manner. At the same time, the countermark ensures that the Hollow section material in the cap area of the necking is not excessive thins out so that up to a certain level of necking the formation can run reliably This height the necking depends on the material thinning of the Hollow profile in the mouth area of the branch for engraving, because there - even with a large radius of the bending edge there - one Stripping occurs, and from the material accumulation mentioned in the Cap area. The described method concerns for one reliable process of production only short Hollow profiles, as long hollow profiles in the range of about 1m and longer the frictional forces between the engraving wall and the hollow profile in the axial pushing shown become so large that this without undesired wrinkling of the profile and / or Tears in the profile is no longer possible. With long hollow profiles can therefore only through a pure expansion process Neck are made, but for this only that Material available in the neck area from the outset stands and this is there only from the wall thickness of the Hollow profile can be obtained. A clearly visible one elongated necking cannot be achieved with this.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein gattungsgemäßes Verfahren bzw. eine gattungsgemäße Vorrichtung dahingehend weiterzubilden, daß eine Erweiterung der Verfahrensgrenzen bei der Herstellung eines Nebenformelementes hinsichtlich einer Vergrößerung seiner Höhe prozeßsicher und in einfacher Weise erreicht werden kann.The invention has for its object a generic To further develop a method and a generic device, that an extension of the process limits at Production of a secondary form element with regard to an enlargement its height is reliable and achieved in a simple manner can be.

Die Aufgabe ist erfindungsgemäß durch die Merkmale des Patentanspruches 1 hinsichtlich des Verfahrens und durch die Merkmale des Patentanspruches 6 hinsichtlich der Vorrichtung gelöst. The task is according to the invention by the features of the claim 1 regarding the procedure and the characteristics of claim 6 solved with respect to the device.

Dank der Erfindung wird durch die innenhochdruckbedingte Anlage des Hohlprofils am Gegenstempel in Einstülplage des Gegenstempels Hohlprofilmaterial in den Abzweigbereich vorgelegt, wobei die maximale Werkstoffbeanspruchung in der nachfolgend weniger beanspruchten Faser des Materials erfolgt. Dadurch wird zum einen bei der Ausformung des Nebenformelementes das Hohlprofil im Mündungsbereich des Abzweiges entlastet, da dort durch das in den Abzweigbereich vorgelegte Material nach der zuerst zu erfolgenden Ausstülpung des Hohlprofiles durch Zurückziehen des Gegenstempels erst erheblich später der übliche Aufweitzug an der Hohlprofilwandung und damit die Materialausdünnung eintritt. Gleichzeitig dünnt sich aufgrund der gesteigerten Materialansammlung im Abzweigbereich auch der Kappenbereich des Nebenformelementes wesentlich später aus, so daß insgesamt bei gleichem Ausdünnungszustand des Hohlprofilmaterials an den kritischen Stellen des Nebenformelementes im Mündungsbereich des Abzweiges und im Kappenbereich im Vergleich mit herkömmlichen Verfahren zur Herstellung von Nebenformelementen höhere Höhen des Nebenformelementes bei dessen Ausformung erreichbar sind ohne daß Risse an diesen Stellen und damit ein Bersten des Hohlprofils im Abzweig auftreten. Dadurch werden die Verfahrensgrenzen bei der Herstellung eines Nebenformelementes hinsichtlich einer Vergrößerung seiner Höhe erweitert sowie die Prozeßsicherheit des Ausformvorganges gewährleistet. Damit kann auch die Ausschußrate bei der Herstellung von Hohlprofilen mit Nebenformelementen wesentlich verringert werden. Die Ausbildung der vergrößerten Höhe des Nebenformelementes wird dabei in einfacher Weise ermöglicht, da der durch ständige stützende Anlage am Hohlprofil zum kontrollierten Ausformen des Nebenformelementes ohnehin vorhandene Gegenstempel zum Einstülpen und damit zur Materialvorlage verwandt wird. Das Nebenformelement wird durch Aufweiten des Hohlprofiles mit einem in diesem erzeugten Fluidhochdruck ausgeformt, wobei während des Ausformvorganges der Gegenstempel mit zunehmender Ausformung nach außen ausweichend das Hohlprofil im Ausformbereich gesteuert abstützt. Thanks to the invention is due to the high pressure system of the hollow profile on the counter-punch in the counter-punch Submitted hollow profile material in the branch area, wherein the maximum material stress in the following less claimed fiber of the material takes place. For one thing the hollow profile in the formation of the secondary form element Mouth area of the branch is relieved, since there by the in the branch area submitted material after the first to be made Protuberance of the hollow profile by pulling back the The usual expansion widened only significantly later the hollow profile wall and thus the material thinning occurs. At the same time thins out due to the increased material accumulation in the branch area also the cap area of the secondary form element much later, so that a total of same state of thinning of the hollow profile material at the critical Place the secondary form element in the mouth area of the Branch and in the cap area in comparison with conventional Process for the production of secondary form elements of higher heights of the secondary form element can be reached when it is shaped without cracks in these places and thus a bursting of the Hollow profile occur in the branch. This will limit the process in the manufacture of a secondary form element with regard to an increase in its height expands as well Process reliability of the molding process is guaranteed. So that can also the reject rate in the production of hollow profiles Subsidiary elements can be significantly reduced. Training the increased height of the secondary form element is easier Way made possible by the constant supportive system on the hollow profile for controlled shaping of the secondary form element already existing counter stamps for invading and thus is used for the material template. The secondary form element is by expanding the hollow profile with one generated in it High pressure fluid molded, during the molding process the counter stamp evasive towards the outside as the shape increases supports the hollow profile in a controlled manner in the forming area.

Zweckmäßige Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung können den Unteransprüchen entnommen werden; im übrigen ist die Erfindung anhand eines in den Zeichnungen dargestellten Ausführungsbeispieles nachfolgend näher erläutert; dabei zeigt:

  • Fig. 1 a-d den erfindungsgemäßen Ausformprozeß eines Nebenformelementes an einem Hohlprofil in einer Querschnittsdarstellung,
  • Fig. 2 das erfindungsgemäß ausgeformte Hohlprofil in einer Seitenansicht.
    • Expedient embodiments of the invention can be found in the subclaims; otherwise the invention is explained in more detail below with reference to an embodiment shown in the drawings; shows:
  • 1 ad the molding process according to the invention of a secondary molded element on a hollow profile in a cross-sectional view,
  • Fig. 2 shows the hollow profile formed according to the invention in a side view.

    • In Fig. 1a-d ist ein Hohlprofil 1 dargestellt, das in der Gravur 2 eines Innennochdruck-Umformwerkzeuges 3 der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung eingebracht ist. Das Umformwerkzeug 3 ist in ein Oberwerkzeug 4 und ein Unterwerkzeug 5 geteilt, wobei die Trennebene 23 zwischen den beiden Werkzeugteilen 4 und 5 mit der horizontalen Mittenebene des Hohlprofiles 1 übereinstimmt. Im Oberwerkzeug 4 ist eine radial auf das eingebrachte Hohlprofil 1 gerichtete Aussparung 6 ausgebildet, die in die Gravur 2 mündet und einen Abzweig der Gravur 2 darstellt. Der Querschnitt des Abzweiges kann kreisförmig, oval, rechteckig oder polygonal, symmetrisch oder unsymmetrisch ausgebildet sein. Die Gravur 2 des Innenhochdruck-Umformwerkzeuges 3 ist im übrigen mit einer Fluidhochdruckerzeugungsanlage fluidisch verbindbar.In Fig. 1a-d a hollow profile 1 is shown, which is in the engraving 2 of an internal high pressure forming tool 3 of the invention Device is introduced. The forming tool 3 is in an upper tool 4 and a lower tool 5 divided, the Partition plane 23 between the two tool parts 4 and 5 the horizontal center plane of the hollow profile 1 coincides. In the upper tool 4 there is a radial profile on the hollow profile 1 directed recess 6 formed in the engraving 2nd opens and represents a branch of the engraving 2. The cross section the branch can be circular, oval, rectangular or be polygonal, symmetrical or asymmetrical. The Engraving 2 of the hydroforming tool 3 is otherwise fluidly connectable to a high-pressure fluid generating system.

    In der Aussparung 6 ist ein Anschlagkörper 7 starr, also unverrückbar angeordnet, wobei er in der Aussparung 6 eingepreßt sein kann oder dauerhaft rückseitig abgestützt ist. Der Anschlagkörper 7 schmiegt sich an die Abzweigwandung 8 konturtreu umlaufend an und liegt mit seiner gravurzugewandten Stirnseite 9 vom Mündungsbereich 10 des Abzweiges zur Gravur 2 um einen bestimmten Abstand in die Aussparung 6 zurückversetzt, der die Höhe des später ausgeformten Nebenformelementes 11 bildet, wobei der Anschlagkörper 7 die Aufweitbewegung des Hohlprofilmaterials beim Umformen als Anschlag begrenzt. Der Anschlagkörper 7 kann auch einstückiger Bestandteil des Oberwerkzeuges 4 sein. In the recess 6, a stop body 7 is rigid, that is, immovable arranged, wherein it is pressed into the recess 6 can be or is permanently supported on the back. The stop body 7 hugs the branch wall 8 true to the contour all around and lies with its face facing the engraving 9 from the mouth area 10 of the branch to the engraving 2 by one certain distance back into the recess 6, which the Height of the secondary molded element 11 formed later forms, wherein the stop body 7 the expansion movement of the hollow profile material limited when forming as a stop. The stop body 7 can also be an integral part of the upper tool 4.

    Der Anschlagkörper 7 weist eine zentrale Durchführung 12 auf, in der ein rückseitig mit einem mechanischen oder hydraulischen Antrieb versehener Gegenstempel 13 verschiebbar geführt ist. Der Gegenstempel 13 weist in etwa die gleiche Querschnittsform des Anschlagkörpers 7 auf und besitzt an seiner dem Hohlprofil 1 zugewandten Stirnseite 14 randseitig eine umlaufende Anschrägung. Die Anschrägung ergibt in vorteilhafter Weise ein prozeßsicheres Anlegen des Hohlprofilmaterials am Gegenstempel 13, bei dem eine Einkerbung eines scharfen Kante des Stempels 13 in das Hohlprofilmaterial und damit eine Rißanfälligkeit beim Umformen mittels Innennhochdruck verhindert wird. Anstelle der Anschrägung kann die Stirnseite 14 randseitig auch abgerundet ausgebildet sein. Eine weitere denkbare Möglichkeit ist, daß der Gegenstempel 13 im Querschnitt die Aussparung 6 der Länge nach ausfüllt.The stop body 7 has a central passage 12, in the back with a mechanical or hydraulic Drive provided counter punch 13 is guided. The counter-punch 13 has approximately the same cross-sectional shape of the stop body 7 and has the hollow profile on it 1 facing end face 14 a peripheral bevel. The bevel advantageously results in a reliable process Applying the hollow profile material to the counter-punch 13, in which a notch of a sharp edge of the stamp 13 in the hollow profile material and thus susceptibility to cracking during forming is prevented by means of internal high pressure. Instead of the bevel the end face 14 can also be rounded at the edge be trained. Another conceivable possibility is that the counter punch 13 in cross section the recess 6 of length after filling out.

    Nach Fig. 1a wird im geschlossenen Umformwerkzeug 3 der Gegenstempel 13 aus dem Anschlagkörper 7 heraus auf das Hohlprofil 1, das mit geringem Spiel in der Gravur 2 angeordnet ist, verfahren und stülpt dieses mit seiner Stirnseite 14 ein. Solange der Gegenstempel 13 aus dem Anschlagkörper 7 herausgefahren ist, bildet dieser mit der Abzweigwandung 8 durch seine Beabstandung von ihr einen Ringspalt aus, dessen Breite bei geeigneter Dimensionierung - wie im Ausführungsbeispiel gegeben - aus ihm einen Ringraum 15 entstehen läßt.1a, the counter punch is in the closed forming tool 3 13 out of the stop body 7 onto the hollow profile 1, which is arranged in the engraving 2 with little play and turns it over with its end face 14. As long as the counter punch 13 moved out of the stop body 7 is, this forms with the branch wall 8 by its spacing from it an annular gap, the width of which is suitable Dimensioning - as given in the exemplary embodiment - an annular space 15 can emerge from it.

    Steht beim erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren das Hohlprofil 1 während des Einstülpvorganges oder, wie in Fig. 1b gezeigt ist, nach abgeschlossenem Einstülpvorgang unter Innenhochdruck, fließt das Hohlprofilmaterial nicht nur aus dem die Einstülpstelle 17 unmittelbar umgebenden Bereich 16 des Hohlprofiles 1 sondern auch aus dem an den Abzweig anschließenden Bereich 18 der Gravur 2 zur Einstülpstelle 17 und legt sich an den Gegenstempel 13 umfänglich und stirnseitig an. Dadurch wird Hohlprofilmaterial zum Mündungsbereich 10 des Abzweiges hin verdichtet, wodurch Material des Hohlprofiles 1 für die Ausformung des Nebenformelementes 11 vorgehalten und die Ausformhöhe damit prozeßsicher steigerbar wird.In the method according to the invention, the hollow profile 1 stands during the inversion process or, as shown in Fig. 1b, after completed insertion process under high internal pressure, flows the hollow profile material not only from the insertion point 17 immediately surrounding area 16 of the hollow profile 1 also from the area 18 of the engraving adjoining the branch 2 to the insertion point 17 and places itself on the counter stamp 13 circumferentially and on the front. This will make hollow profile material condensed to the mouth region 10 of the branch, whereby Material of the hollow profile 1 for the formation of the secondary form element 11 and the height of the mold is therefore reliable can be increased.

    Durch die Ausbildung eines relativ breiten im Querschnitt länglichen Ringraumes 15 wird Hohlprofilmaterial gleichzeitig mit dem erwähnten Anlegen am in Einstülplage befindlichen Gegenstempel 13 an diesem vorbei auch aus dem Bereich 16 und 18 in den Ringraum 15 hineinverdrängt, so daß Hohlprofilmaterial schon vor der eigentlichen Ausformung des Nebenformelementes 11 im Ausformbereich 19 für die Ausformung vorhanden ist, was gleichbedeutend mit einem zusätzlichen Vorlegen von Hohlprofilmaterial und einer weiteren prozeßsicheren Steigerbarkeit der Ausformhöhe ist.Through the formation of a relatively wide elongated in cross section Annulus 15 is hollow profile material at the same time the mentioned application on the counter-stamp in the plunge position 13 past this also from area 16 and 18 in displaced the annular space 15 so that hollow profile material even before the secondary molding element 11 is actually shaped what is present in the molding area 19 for molding synonymous with an additional presentation of hollow profile material and another process-reliable increase the mold height is.

    Durch den beim Einstülpen im Hohlprofil 1 verursachten Zug des Gegenstempels 13 wird der Fluß des Hohlprofilmaterials von der Biegekante 20 zwischen Abzweig und Gravur 2 weg zum Gegenstempel 13 hin gerichtet, wonach das Auftreten einer Ausdünnung des Hohlprofilmaterials durch die beim Aufweiten verfahrensbedingte Abstreckung an der Biegekante 20 aufgrund der Entlastung des Kantenbereiches vermieden wird. Um weiterhin bei der Ausformung des Nebenformelementes 11 die Abstreckung zu reduzieren, ist die Biegekante 20 mit einem großen Radius ausgebildet, wodurch die Gravur 2 sanft in den Abzweig übergeht.Due to the pull of the hollow profile 1 caused by the insertion Counter stamp 13 is the flow of the hollow profile material from the Bending edge 20 between branch and engraving 2 away to the counter stamp 13 directed, after which the occurrence of a thinning of the Hollow profile material due to the process-related during expansion Ironing on the bending edge 20 due to the relief of the Edge area is avoided. To continue with the molding of the secondary form element 11 is to reduce the stretching the bending edge 20 is formed with a large radius, whereby the engraving 2 merges smoothly into the branch.

    Es ist im übrigen auch denkbar, daß der Einstülpvorgang ohne Innenhochdruck erfolgt. Hierbei wird das Hohlprofil 1 über einen wesentlich weiteren Bereich hinweg von der Biegekante 20 aus gesehen eingebogen, da der der Einbiegung entgegenwirkende Innenhochdruck fehlt. Dadurch kann bei nachträglichem Aufbauen des Innenhochdrückes aus bezüglich des Ausformbereiches 19 viel tiefer liegenden Umfangsbereichen des Hohlprofiles 1 Material zum Abzweig hin gefördert werden, da sich das Hohlprofil 1 zum Ausformbereich 19 hin - neben dem üblichen Anlegen des Hohlprofiles 1 an die Gravur 2 - streckt. Hierdurch ist somit ein Vorlegen von weiterem Hohlprofilmaterial in Richtung des Ausformbereiches 19 und damit eine zusätzliche prozeßsichere Vergrößerung der Ausformhöhe des Nebenformelementes 11 möglich.It is also conceivable that the turning process without Internal high pressure takes place. Here, the hollow profile 1 over a much further area from the bending edge 20 seen from bent, since the counteracting the bending Internal high pressure is missing. This can be done when retrofitting of the internal upward pressure with respect to the shaping region 19 lower lying peripheral areas of the hollow profile 1 material be promoted to the branch, since the hollow profile 1 to Forming area 19 - in addition to the usual application of the hollow profile 1 to the engraving 2 - stretches. This means that submission is required of further hollow profile material in the direction of the forming area 19 and thus an additional reliable enlargement the height of the secondary mold element 11 possible.

    Nach dem Einstülpen des Hohlprofiles 1 und dem Anlegen des Hohlprofilmaterials seitlich an den Gegenstempel 13 unter Innenhochdruck wird bei Beibehaltung dieses Druckes der Gegenstempel 13 zurückgezogen (Fig. 1c). Dabei wird die eingestülpte Stelle 17 kontinuierlich durch den Innenhochdruck wieder ausgestülpt, wobei weiter Hohlprofilmaterial in den noch existierenden Ringraum 15 hineinverdrängt wird.After the hollow profile 1 has been turned in and the Hollow profile material laterally to the counter-punch 13 under high internal pressure the counter-stamp will remain if this pressure is maintained 13 withdrawn (Fig. 1c). The indented Point 17 continuously turned up again by the internal high pressure, with further hollow profile material in the still existing Annulus 15 is pushed into it.

    Nach dem Ausstülpvorgang, bei dem der Gegenstempel 13 ständig in Anlage am Hohlprofil 1 steht, wird aus dem Hohlprofil 1 das Nebenformelement 11 ausgeformt. Dies kann durch reines Aufweiten erfolgen, was insbesondere bei langen Hohlprofilen, bei denen aufgrund der Reibungsverhälnisse kein axiales Nachschieben mittels an beiden Stirnseiten des Hohlprofiles angreifenden Druckstempeln prozeßsicher möglich ist, verwandt werden kann. Ein Nachschieben während des Aufweitens bei relativ kurzen Hohlprofilen ist dagegen ohne weiteres möglich, wodurch auch von den Hohlprofilenden her Material in den Ausformbereich 19 nachgeliefert werden kann, was ebenfalls zur Steigerung der Ausformhöhe des Nebenformelementes 11 beiträgt. Der Gegenstempel 13 fungiert als üblicher das Hohlprofil 1 während des Ausformvorganges im Ausformbereich abstützender Gegenhalter, so daß die Ausformung des Nebenformelementes 11 kontrolliert abläuft.After the protuberance process, in which the counter-punch 13 constantly is in contact with the hollow profile 1, the hollow profile 1 Secondary shaped element 11 shaped. This can be done by simply widening take place, which is particularly the case with long hollow profiles due to the friction ratio no axial pushing by attacking on both end faces of the hollow profile Printing stamping is possible, can be used. A pushing in during the expansion at relatively short Hollow profiles, on the other hand, are easily possible, which also material from the hollow profile ends into the shaping region 19 can be supplied, which also increases the Mold height of the secondary mold element 11 contributes. The counter stamp 13 acts as usual the hollow profile 1 during the molding process support in the molding area, see above that the formation of the secondary mold element 11 is controlled.

    In der Endphase des Ausformvorganges legt sich das Hohlprofilmaterial am Anschlagkörper 7 und der Abzweigwandung 8 zumindest in grober Annäherung konturtreu an, wobei der Gegenstempel 13 in den Anschlagkörper 7 hineinversenkt wird, so daß deren beide Stirnseiten 14 und 9 miteinander bündig abschließen (Fig. 1d).The hollow profile material lays down in the final phase of the molding process at least on the stop body 7 and the branch wall 8 in rough approximation, the counter-stamp 13 is sunk into the stop body 7, so that both of them End faces 14 and 9 are flush with each other (Fig. 1d).

    Weiterhin von Vorteil ist es, wenn die Stirnseite 14 des Gegenstempels 13, die Stirnseite 9 des Anschlagkörpers 7 und die Abzweigwandung 8 die exakte Endform des Nebenformelementes 11 darstellen. Dann kann zum Abschluß des Ausformvorganges bei gegenüber dem Ausformvorgang gesteigertem Innenhochdruck eine Kalibrierung des Nebenformelementes 11 erfolgen, das damit in seine Endform, die in Fig. 2 in der Form einer erhabenene länglichen Flachstelle gezeigt ist, konturgerecht gebracht wird.It is also advantageous if the end face 14 of the counter-punch 13, the end face 9 of the stop body 7 and the branch wall 8 the exact final shape of the secondary form element 11 represent. Then at the end of the molding process a calibration after the molding process of the secondary form element 11, which is thus in its final shape, which in Fig. 2 is in the form of a raised elongated Flat spot is shown, is brought in line with the contour.

    Die Nebenformelemente 11 können auch als Aushalsungen oder Ausbauchungen und dergleichen an länglichen, umfänglich geschlossenen Hohlprofilen 1 ausgebildet sein und können als Flansch- oder Montageflächen dienen. Hierbei können Blechteile und deren Anbringung an ein Hohlprofil eingespart werden, mit denen diese Funktion ebenfalls erreichbar ist.The secondary form elements 11 can also be used as neckings or bulges and the like on elongated, circumferentially closed Hollow profiles 1 and can be designed as a flange or Serve mounting surfaces. Here sheet metal parts and their Attachment to a hollow profile can be saved with which this Function is also available.

    Claims (9)

    Verfahren zur Herstellung von Nebenformelementen wie Aushalsungen, Ausbauchungen, erhabenen länglichen Flachstellen und dergleichen an länglichen, umfänglich geschlossenen Hohlprofilen mittels Innenhochdruckumformen, wobei das Nebenformelement durch Aufweiten des Hohlprofiles mit einem in diesem erzeugten Fluidhochdruck lokal ausgeformt und während des Ausformvorganges von einem mit zunehmender Ausformung nach außen ausweichenden Gegenstempel gesteuert abgestützt wird,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    daß das Hohlprofil (1) an der Stelle des zu erzeugenden Nebenformelementes von dem Gegenstempel (13) eingestülpt wird, wonach das Hohlprofilmaterial im Bereich (16) der Einstülpstelle (17) durch Fluidhochdruck am Stempel (13) umfänglich und stirnseitig angepreßt wird, und daß nach dem Einstülpvorgang durch Zurückziehen des während des gesamten Umformvorganges ständig am Hohlprofil (1) anliegenden Stempels (13) in Zusammenwirkung mit dem Innenhochdruck das Hohlprofil (1) ausgestülpt und das Nebenformelement (11) gebildet wird.    Process for the production of secondary form elements such as neckings, bulges, raised elongated flat spots and the like on elongate, circumferentially closed hollow profiles by means of internal high pressure forming, the secondary form element being locally formed by expanding the hollow profile with a high pressure fluid generated therein and during the molding process from one with increasing form to the outside evasive counter-stamp is supported in a controlled manner,
    characterized,
    that the hollow profile (1) is turned in at the location of the secondary molding to be produced by the counter-punch (13), after which the hollow profile material in the area (16) of the turning-in point (17) is pressed circumferentially and on the end face by high-pressure fluid on the punch (13), and that after the indentation process by pulling back the plunger (13), which is constantly in contact with the hollow profile (1) during the entire forming process, in cooperation with the internal high pressure, the hollow profile (1) is turned out and the secondary form element (11) is formed.         Verfahren nach Anspruch 1,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    daß die Einstülpung des Hohlprofiles (1) unter Atmosphärendruck im Hohlprofil (1) erfolgt.    Method according to claim 1,
    characterized,
    that the indentation of the hollow profile (1) takes place under atmospheric pressure in the hollow profile (1).         Verfahren nach Anspruch 1,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Einstülpung des Hohlprofiles (1) unter Innenhochdruck
    im Hohlprofil (1) erfolgt.     Method according to claim 1,
    characterized in that the indentation of the hollow profile (1) under high internal pressure
    in the hollow profile (1).         Verfahren nach Anspruch 1,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    daß in Einstülplage des Stempels (13) durch den Innenhochdruck Hohlprofilmaterial am Stempel (13) vorbei in den Ausformbereich (19) des Nebenformelementes (11) hinein verdrängt wird.    Method according to claim 1,
    characterized,
    that hollow profile material is pushed past the punch (13) into the shaping area (19) of the secondary shaping element (11) by the inside high pressure of the punch (13).         Verfahren nach Anspruch 1,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    daß nach dem Zurückziehen des Stempels (13) das Nebenformelement (11) mit gegenüber dem Ausformvorgang gesteigertem Fluiddruck konturgerecht kalibriert wird.    Method according to claim 1,
    characterized,
    that after the retraction of the plunger (13), the secondary form element (11) is calibrated in accordance with the contour with increased fluid pressure compared to the shaping process.         Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Nebenformelementen wie Aushalsungen, Ausbauchungen, erhabenen länglichen Flachstellen und dergleichen an länglichen, umfänglich geschlossenen Hohlprofilen mit einem in ein Ober- und ein Unterwerkzeug geteilten Innenhochdruck-Umformwerkzeug, dessen hohlprofilaufnehmende Gravur zumindest eben Abzweig aufweist, in dem ein mit einem gesteuerten Antrieb versehener Gegenstempel verschiebbar geführt ist, und mit einer Fluidhochdruckerzeugungsanlage, die mit dem Innenhochdruck-Umformwerkzeug fluidisch verbindbar ist, zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach Anspruch 1,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    daß der Gegenstempel (13) in einer Durchführung (12) eines im Abzweig starr angeordneten an der Abzweigwandung (8) formgleich. anliegenden Anschlagkörpers (7) derart geführt ist, daß der Gegenstempel (13) zum Einstülpen des mit geringem Spiel in der Gravur (2) des Umformwerkzeuges (3) angeordneten Hohlprofiles (1) in die Gravur (2) hineinverschiebbar und zum Ausformen des Nebenformelementes (11) unter Wirkung des Innenhochdruckes in den Anschlagkörper (7) hinein versenkbar ist.    Device for producing secondary form elements such as neckings, bulges, raised elongated flat spots and the like on elongated, circumferentially closed hollow profiles with an internal high-pressure forming tool divided into an upper and a lower tool, the hollow profile-receiving engraving of which at least has a branch, in the one with a controlled drive provided counter-punch is guided displaceably, and with a fluid high-pressure generation system, which can be fluidically connected to the internal high-pressure forming tool, for carrying out the method according to claim 1,
    characterized,
    that the counter-punch (13) in an implementation (12) of a rigidly arranged in the branch on the branch wall (8) of the same shape. adjacent stop body (7) is guided such that the counter-punch (13) for inserting the hollow profile (1) arranged with little play in the engraving (2) of the shaping tool (3) can be displaced into the engraving (2) and for shaping the secondary molding element ( 11) can be lowered into the stop body (7) under the effect of the internal high pressure.         Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 6,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    daß der Anschlagkörper (7) und der Gegenstempel (13) mit ihren der Gravur (2) zugewandten Stirnseiten (9,14) gemeinsam mit der Abzweigwandung (8) die Kalibrierkontur des Nebenformelementes (11) bilden.    Apparatus according to claim 6,
    characterized,
    that the stop body (7) and the counter-punch (13) with their end faces (9, 14) facing the engraving (2) together with the branch wall (8) form the calibration contour of the secondary form element (11).         Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 6,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    daß der Gegenstempel (13) im aus dem Anschlagkörper (7) ausgefahrenen Zustand im Abzweig mit der Abzweigwandung (8) einen Ringraum (15) ausbildet, dessen Breite derart bemessen ist, daß unter der Einwirkung eines Innenhochdruckes Hohlprofilmaterial in den Ringraum (15) hinein verdrängbar ist.    Apparatus according to claim 6,
    characterized,
    that the counter-punch (13) in the state extended from the stop body (7) in the branch with the branch wall (8) forms an annular space (15), the width of which is dimensioned such that hollow profile material into the annular space (15) under the action of high internal pressure is displaceable.         Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 6,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    daß die Stirnseite 14 randseitig umlaufend abgerundet oder angeschrägt ausgebildet ist.    Apparatus according to claim 6,
    characterized,
    that the end face 14 is rounded all the way round or beveled.
    EP98113616A 1997-08-02 1998-07-22 Method and device for forming bulges on elements Expired - Lifetime EP0894548B1 (en)

    Applications Claiming Priority (2)

    Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
    DE19733474 1997-08-02
    DE19733474A DE19733474C2 (en) 1997-08-02 1997-08-02 Method and device for producing secondary shaped elements on hollow profiles

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    EP0894548A2 true EP0894548A2 (en) 1999-02-03
    EP0894548A3 EP0894548A3 (en) 2000-04-19
    EP0894548B1 EP0894548B1 (en) 2001-08-29

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    EP (1) EP0894548B1 (en)
    DE (2) DE19733474C2 (en)
    ES (1) ES2162376T3 (en)

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    Also Published As

    Publication number Publication date
    US6143235A (en) 2000-11-07
    EP0894548A3 (en) 2000-04-19
    DE19733474A1 (en) 1999-02-18
    DE59801292D1 (en) 2001-10-04
    ES2162376T3 (en) 2001-12-16
    DE19733474C2 (en) 1999-12-09
    EP0894548B1 (en) 2001-08-29

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