EP0888623B1 - Verfahren zur vorbereitung von hochradioaktiven stoffen für eine transmutation und/oder verbrennung - Google Patents
Verfahren zur vorbereitung von hochradioaktiven stoffen für eine transmutation und/oder verbrennung Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0888623B1 EP0888623B1 EP97908208A EP97908208A EP0888623B1 EP 0888623 B1 EP0888623 B1 EP 0888623B1 EP 97908208 A EP97908208 A EP 97908208A EP 97908208 A EP97908208 A EP 97908208A EP 0888623 B1 EP0888623 B1 EP 0888623B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- impregnation
- liquid
- pellets
- materials
- transmutation
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
- G21F9/04—Treating liquids
- G21F9/06—Processing
- G21F9/14—Processing by incineration; by calcination, e.g. desiccation
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
- G21F9/28—Treating solids
- G21F9/30—Processing
- G21F9/32—Processing by incineration
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for Preparation of highly radioactive substances for transmutation and / or combustion by radiation in a nuclear facility.
- transmutation and combustion of highly radioactive Substances are used especially in the context of nuclear disposal used.
- radioactive materials are significantly reduced Half-life that their radiological danger in manageable Lose periods, or substances with less radiologically dangerous radiation.
- the object of the invention is therefore a method to indicate, with no or hardly any toxic dust arises and a very homogeneous distribution of the highly radioactive Fabrics is reached so that hot spots when irradiated be avoided.
- this object is achieved by a method solved as defined in claim 1 and substantially consists of a suitable porous support material with the highly radioactive brought into liquid form Soak fabrics.
- the carrier material is powdered or is present in particulate form, it is preferably after the impregnation pressed into pellets.
- the backing material lies already in pellet form before the impregnation, then it is beneficial degas this before the impregnation in order to achieve an even Distribution of the radioactive material in the carrier material to facilitate.
- Powders, granulate particles can be used as the porous carrier material or microspheres can be used, such as Oxides of uranium, plutonium, thorium, yttrium, cerium and mixtures of these and other oxides, e.g. Spinel and YAG (yttrium aluminum garnet).
- Oxides of uranium, plutonium, thorium, yttrium, cerium and mixtures of these and other oxides e.g. Spinel and YAG (yttrium aluminum garnet).
- Oxides of uranium, plutonium, thorium, yttrium, cerium and mixtures of these and other oxides e.g. Spinel and YAG (yttrium aluminum garnet).
- this list is by no means exhaustive and depends on the type of transmutated or substances to be burned. Also carbides and Nitrides of the mentioned and other elements may come in Question.
- the carrier material must be sufficiently porous in order to to be soaked in this liquid substance. Moreover may this carrier material in the impregnation by the liquid substance can not be solved essentially.
- the mechanical shape of the carrier material depends on the desired Degree of impregnation. Powders and granules are possible that arose from precipitation or transformation processes are microspheres that are caused by a drop Particle conversion processes (sol-gel) were produced, or moldings made from powders, granules or microspheres were compressed.
- Impregnation pressed from the carrier material in powder form pellets and pre-burned.
- Such pellets have a porosity of about 40% and can easily be soaked. In the simplest Case they are in a melt or solution of the highly radioactive material immersed. You put them in a defined position on a grid and dips it slowly into the liquid. The impregnation rate depends on the Dimension of the pores, viscosity and surface tension the liquid, the wettability of the pellet material and the duration of the impregnation.
- the impregnation only reaches the outer layer of the pellets. This can be achieved through a suitable choice of Impregnation time, so that the impregnation only up to a certain Depth in the pellets. You can also get one for the liquid impermeable protective layer on one part Apply the surface of the pellet to this point to prevent the penetration of the liquid and thus a central cylindrical, inaccessible due to the impregnation Get core in the pellets. This has the advantage that gap energy when irradiating the highly radioactive Substances in the nuclear plant are preferred on the pellet surface occurs as heat and can be easily dissipated, while the solid core of the pellet prevents this disintegrates.
- the pellet After soaking, it can be in liquid form in the pellet present highly radioactive substance through a heat treatment converted to a desired shape (e.g. oxide, nitride or carbide) what can be sintered.
- a desired shape e.g. oxide, nitride or carbide
- the carrier material as mentioned consist of microspheres, e.g. to are produced using the sol-gel process. Because of their high Porosity (about 80%) are particularly good if a very intensive impregnation is desired. So you can get one Fill the cylindrical column with the microspheres and then add a nitrate solution of the highly radioactive substance. The Dimensions of the column are chosen so that no critical Conditions arise. After impregnation becomes the remaining nitrate solution of the radioactive substance pumped back into a storage tank. The one in the beads remaining part of this substance is then converted into an oxide, Nitride or carbide is transformed. This conversion takes place in a suitable atmosphere in standard ovens or with Using microwaves. Then the beads are in the desired form for radiation in the nuclear facility pressed.
- Soaking the beads and their subsequent Pressing into the pellet form can be done completely automatically, so that workers are not exposed to additional radiation are at risk. This process also creates no dust from highly toxic substances.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
- Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Material From Animals Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
- Saccharide Compounds (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Compounds Of Alkaline-Earth Elements, Aluminum Or Rare-Earth Metals (AREA)
Description
Claims (8)
- Verfahren zur Vorbereitung von hochradioaktiven Stoffen für eine Transmutation und/oder Verbrennung durch Bestrahlung in einer Nuklearanlage, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Stoffe durch Schmelzen oder chemische Auflösung in flüssige Form gebracht werden, daß ein poröses Trägermaterial, das für die Stoffe in der flüssigen Form praktisch unlöslich ist, mit den in flüssige Form gebrachten Stoffen getränkt und dann einer solchen Wärmebehandlung unterworfen wird, daß die Stoffe in die letztlich gewünschte chemische Form umgewandelt werden.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Trägermaterial pulver- oder partikelförmig ist und daß es nach der Tränkung und der Wärmebehandlung durch mechanischen Druck oder Vibration in die gewünschte Form gebracht wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Trägermaterial bereits als Formling, z.B. Pellets, vorliegt.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Formling vor und während des Tränkvorgangs zusätzlich entgast wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Tränkung zeitlich so beschränkt wird, daß der Kern der Pellets von der Tränkflüssigkeit freibleibt.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Pellets beim Tränken nur teilweise in die Tränkflüssigkeit eingetaucht werden.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Pellets vor dem Tränken teilweise mit einer für die Tränkflüssigkeit undurchlässigen Schicht versehen werden.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß abschließend eine Wärmebehandlung (Sinterung) erfolgt.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
LU88727 | 1996-03-19 | ||
LU88727A LU88727A1 (de) | 1996-03-19 | 1996-03-19 | Verfahren zur Vorbereitung von hochradioaktiven Stoffen fuer eine Transmutation und/oder Verbrennung |
PCT/EP1997/001214 WO1997035324A1 (de) | 1996-03-19 | 1997-03-10 | Verfahren zur vorbereitung von hochradioaktiven stoffen für eine transmutation und/oder verbrennung |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0888623A1 EP0888623A1 (de) | 1999-01-07 |
EP0888623B1 true EP0888623B1 (de) | 2001-06-13 |
Family
ID=19731583
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP97908208A Expired - Lifetime EP0888623B1 (de) | 1996-03-19 | 1997-03-10 | Verfahren zur vorbereitung von hochradioaktiven stoffen für eine transmutation und/oder verbrennung |
Country Status (11)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0888623B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2000506976A (de) |
AT (1) | ATE202235T1 (de) |
CA (1) | CA2249347A1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE59703801D1 (de) |
DK (1) | DK0888623T3 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2159115T3 (de) |
GR (1) | GR3036593T3 (de) |
LU (1) | LU88727A1 (de) |
PT (1) | PT888623E (de) |
WO (1) | WO1997035324A1 (de) |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2262854B1 (de) * | 1974-02-28 | 1976-12-10 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | |
FR2280180A1 (fr) * | 1974-07-22 | 1976-02-20 | Aerojet General Co | Procede et appareil de traitement de dechets radioactifs |
US4609430A (en) * | 1984-03-07 | 1986-09-02 | Ngk Insulators, Ltd. | Liquid material drying apparatus |
EP0185931B1 (de) * | 1984-12-25 | 1991-07-24 | Ebara Corporation | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Behandlung von Abfallmaterial |
-
1996
- 1996-03-19 LU LU88727A patent/LU88727A1/de unknown
-
1997
- 1997-03-10 PT PT97908208T patent/PT888623E/pt unknown
- 1997-03-10 WO PCT/EP1997/001214 patent/WO1997035324A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 1997-03-10 AT AT97908208T patent/ATE202235T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-03-10 CA CA002249347A patent/CA2249347A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1997-03-10 EP EP97908208A patent/EP0888623B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-03-10 ES ES97908208T patent/ES2159115T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-03-10 JP JP9533110A patent/JP2000506976A/ja not_active Ceased
- 1997-03-10 DE DE59703801T patent/DE59703801D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-03-10 DK DK97908208T patent/DK0888623T3/da active
-
2001
- 2001-09-11 GR GR20010401450T patent/GR3036593T3/el not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2000506976A (ja) | 2000-06-06 |
CA2249347A1 (en) | 1997-09-25 |
WO1997035324A1 (de) | 1997-09-25 |
LU88727A1 (de) | 1997-09-19 |
DE59703801D1 (de) | 2001-07-19 |
PT888623E (pt) | 2001-10-31 |
ES2159115T3 (es) | 2001-09-16 |
ATE202235T1 (de) | 2001-06-15 |
EP0888623A1 (de) | 1999-01-07 |
GR3036593T3 (en) | 2001-12-31 |
DK0888623T3 (da) | 2001-09-03 |
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