EP0885365B1 - Method in the utilization of boil-off from liquid gas and apparatus for carrying out the method - Google Patents

Method in the utilization of boil-off from liquid gas and apparatus for carrying out the method Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0885365B1
EP0885365B1 EP97914662A EP97914662A EP0885365B1 EP 0885365 B1 EP0885365 B1 EP 0885365B1 EP 97914662 A EP97914662 A EP 97914662A EP 97914662 A EP97914662 A EP 97914662A EP 0885365 B1 EP0885365 B1 EP 0885365B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
boil
gas
heat exchanger
flow
draw
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP97914662A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0885365A1 (en
Inventor
Per Christiansen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Moss Maritime AS
Original Assignee
Kvaerner Maritime AS
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kvaerner Maritime AS filed Critical Kvaerner Maritime AS
Publication of EP0885365A1 publication Critical patent/EP0885365A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0885365B1 publication Critical patent/EP0885365B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C9/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure
    • F17C9/02—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure with change of state, e.g. vaporisation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B25/00—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby
    • B63B25/02—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods
    • B63B25/08—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid
    • B63B25/12—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H21/00—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H25/00—Steering; Slowing-down otherwise than by use of propulsive elements; Dynamic anchoring, i.e. positioning vessels by means of main or auxiliary propulsive elements
    • B63H25/06—Steering by rudders
    • B63H25/08—Steering gear
    • B63H25/12—Steering gear with fluid transmission
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
    • F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
    • F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
    • F17C2227/0128—Propulsion of the fluid with pumps or compressors
    • F17C2227/0135—Pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
    • F17C2227/0128—Propulsion of the fluid with pumps or compressors
    • F17C2227/0157—Compressors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0302—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating
    • F17C2227/0306—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating using the same fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/03—Treating the boil-off
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/03—Treating the boil-off
    • F17C2265/032—Treating the boil-off by recovery
    • F17C2265/037—Treating the boil-off by recovery with pressurising
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/06—Fluid distribution
    • F17C2265/066—Fluid distribution for feeding engines for propulsion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
    • F17C2270/0105—Ships

Definitions

  • the invention also relates to a plant for carrying out said method, wherein boil-off and vaporised liquefied gas are transported together to a consumer, comprising a storage tank for liquefied gas, a draw-off line for boil-off from the storage tank, a pump with attached draw-off line for liquefied gas from the storage tank, and a combined heat exchanger having two separate flow banks in a common surrounding shell, where one bank is connected to the draw-off line for liquefied gas for vaporisation thereof and the other bank is connected to the draw-off line for boil-off, which banks open into a common mixing chamber, which is connected to a flowline leading to the consumer.
  • the objective of the present invention is to provide a method and a plant as mentioned by way of introduction, wherein the advantages of the prior art from WO 94 17 325 are retained, whilst simplifying the plant even further.
  • the compressor By placing the compressor in the boil-off line upstream of the heat exchanger, the compressor only needs to carry the boil-off volume and not the total volume of gas.
  • the compressor will have to be constructed to work with gas at temperatures as low as - 140°C when LNG is involved, but this disadvantage will be more than compensated for by the advantages obtained, namely that the compressor in terms of size will be more compact, have reduced power requirements, a smaller working area and simpler capacity control.
  • An additional advantage is that the combined heat exchanger will be capable of being dimensioned for a higher pressure drop, which will result in reduced shell dimensions and lower production costs. It is thus only the choice of material for the compressor which tends to be unfavourable, but as mentioned this disadvantage is cancelled out as a result of the compressor being made more compact.
  • the reference numeral 1 denotes a storage tank for liquefied gas, for example, an LNG tank on board a LNG ship.
  • a storage tank for liquefied gas for example, an LNG tank on board a LNG ship.
  • boil-off will be produced.
  • This accumulates in the dome 2 of the storage tank 1 and can be withdrawn through a boil-off draw-off line 3.
  • This draw-off line 3 runs to a compressor 4.
  • the boil-off is compressed, with attendant rise in temperature. From the compressor, the compressed boil-off passes to a combined heat exchanger 9.
  • the boil-off is used as fuel gas in the propulsion engine of the ship.
  • the plant is such that if the boil-off is not sufficient, i.e., larger amounts of fuel gas are required than the boil-off can supply, liquefied natural gas is withdrawn with the aid of a pump 11, and led through a draw-off line 10 to the combined heat exchanger 9.
  • the combined heat exchanger 9 has separate flow banks 7 and 8 for liquefied gas and boil-off, respectively.
  • the liquefied gas and the boil-off are heat exchanged with an external hot flow, indicated by mean of the arrow in the figure. This flow, which in most cases will be vapour, is conducted from the shell side of the heat exchanger.
  • the two gas flows are accumulated in the mixing chamber 6 and thence pass through a flowline 5 to a non-illustrated consumer, e.g., to a burner.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Abstract

In a plant for the production of fuel gas from boil-off and from liquefied gas with the aid of a combined heat exchanger (9), a compressor (4) is placed upstream of the heat exchanger in the gas line carrying boil-off. Compressed boil-off and liquefied gas pass in heat exchange in a combined heat exchanger (9) which has separate flow banks (7, 8) for liquefied gas and boil-off, respectively. From the combined heat exchanger (9), the two volumes of gas pass in a mixture to a consumer through a pipeline (5).

Description

The invention relates to a method of utilising boil-off from liquefied gas as fuel gas in combination with gas produced by vaporising the liquefied gas.
The invention also relates to a plant for carrying out said method, wherein boil-off and vaporised liquefied gas are transported together to a consumer, comprising a storage tank for liquefied gas, a draw-off line for boil-off from the storage tank, a pump with attached draw-off line for liquefied gas from the storage tank, and a combined heat exchanger having two separate flow banks in a common surrounding shell, where one bank is connected to the draw-off line for liquefied gas for vaporisation thereof and the other bank is connected to the draw-off line for boil-off, which banks open into a common mixing chamber, which is connected to a flowline leading to the consumer.
WO 94 17 325 makes known a method for utilising boil-off from liquefied gas as fuel gas in combination with gas produced by vaporising the liquefied gas, wherein boil-off and vaporised gas are brought together and compressed, and where the boil-off and the liquefied gas prior to compression are superheated and vaporised, respectively, each in its respective section in a combined heat exchanger, and brought together in a common mixing chamber.
The same publication also makes known a plant wherein boil-off and vaporised gas are brought together and compressed. The plant comprises a storage tank for liquefied gas, draw-off lines for boil-off and liquefied gas, respectively, from the storage tank, and a combined heat exchanger having two separate flow banks in a common surrounding shell. One of the flow banks is connected to the liquefied gas draw-off line, whilst the other flow pipe bank is connected to the boil-off draw-off line. The flow banks open into a common mixing chamber, which is connected to a flowline leading to a consumer.
One advantage obtained with the above-mentioned known art is that both the method and the plant are simplified, it being possible to dispense with an otherwise customarily used separator, because the suction temperature of the compressor will be considerably higher, and nor does the compressor need to be cryogenic. A disadvantage of this prior art is that the compressor must necessarily carry the total volume of gas, i.e., both the natural boil-off and vaporised gas.
The objective of the present invention is to provide a method and a plant as mentioned by way of introduction, wherein the advantages of the prior art from WO 94 17 325 are retained, whilst simplifying the plant even further.
This is achieved according to the invention by a method as mentioned above, wherein the boil-off is compressed and passed to heat exchange with the liquefied gas, and is subsequently mixed with the liquefied gas vaporised during the heat exchange.
By virtue of the fact that the compression takes place prior to the heat exchange and that only the boil-off is compressed, the advantage is obtained that the compression applies only to the volume of boil-off and not the total volume of gas. This results in reduced power requirements and simpler capacity control.
According to the invention, a plant is also proposed as mentioned above, which plant is characterised in that a compressor is provided in the boil-off draw-off line before the combined heat exchanger.
By placing the compressor in the boil-off line upstream of the heat exchanger, the compressor only needs to carry the boil-off volume and not the total volume of gas. The compressor will have to be constructed to work with gas at temperatures as low as - 140°C when LNG is involved, but this disadvantage will be more than compensated for by the advantages obtained, namely that the compressor in terms of size will be more compact, have reduced power requirements, a smaller working area and simpler capacity control. An additional advantage is that the combined heat exchanger will be capable of being dimensioned for a higher pressure drop, which will result in reduced shell dimensions and lower production costs. It is thus only the choice of material for the compressor which tends to be unfavourable, but as mentioned this disadvantage is cancelled out as a result of the compressor being made more compact.
The invention will now be explained in more detail with reference to the drawing which is a schematic illustration of a plant according to the invention.
On the figure the reference numeral 1 denotes a storage tank for liquefied gas, for example, an LNG tank on board a LNG ship. As a result of heat penetration from the surroundings, so-called boil-off will be produced. This accumulates in the dome 2 of the storage tank 1 and can be withdrawn through a boil-off draw-off line 3. This draw-off line 3 runs to a compressor 4. In the compressor 4 the boil-off is compressed, with attendant rise in temperature. From the compressor, the compressed boil-off passes to a combined heat exchanger 9.
The boil-off is used as fuel gas in the propulsion engine of the ship. The plant is such that if the boil-off is not sufficient, i.e., larger amounts of fuel gas are required than the boil-off can supply, liquefied natural gas is withdrawn with the aid of a pump 11, and led through a draw-off line 10 to the combined heat exchanger 9.
The combined heat exchanger 9 has separate flow banks 7 and 8 for liquefied gas and boil-off, respectively. The liquefied gas and the boil-off are heat exchanged with an external hot flow, indicated by mean of the arrow in the figure. This flow, which in most cases will be vapour, is conducted from the shell side of the heat exchanger.
The two gas flows are accumulated in the mixing chamber 6 and thence pass through a flowline 5 to a non-illustrated consumer, e.g., to a burner.

Claims (2)

  1. A method for utilising boil-off from liquified gas as fuel gas in combination with gas produced by vaporising the liquified gas, wherein the boil-off is passed to heat exchange with an external hot medium flow together with the liquified gas, said boil-off and said liquified gas vaporised during said heat exhange thereafter being mixed to form fuel gas, characterised in that the bail-off is compressed before being heated and mixed with the vaporised liquefied gas.
  2. A plant for carrying out the method according to claim 1, wherein boil-off and vaporised liquefied gas are transported together to a consumer, comprising a storage tank (1) for liquefied gas, a draw-off line (3) for boil-off from the storage tank (1), a pump (11) with draw-off line (10) attached thereto for liquefied gas from the storage tank (1), and a combined heat exchanger (9) having two separate flow banks (7, 8) in a common surrounding shell, where one flow bank (7) is connected to the liquefied gas draw-off line (10) and the second flow-through unit (8) is connected to the boil-off draw-off line (3), which flow banks open into a common mixing chamber (6) which is connected to a flowline (5) to the consumer, said combined heat exchanger (9) having flow connection with a supply of hot flow medium for conducting said hot flow medium on the shell side of said heat exchanger (9), characterized in that a compressor (4) is provided in the boil-off draw-off line (3) before the combined heat exchanger (9).
EP97914662A 1996-02-29 1997-02-20 Method in the utilization of boil-off from liquid gas and apparatus for carrying out the method Expired - Lifetime EP0885365B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NO960836A NO960836A (en) 1996-02-29 1996-02-29 Method of utilizing decoction from liquefied gas and plants for carrying out the method
NO960836 1996-02-29
PCT/NO1997/000056 WO1997032157A1 (en) 1996-02-29 1997-02-20 Method in the utilization of boil-off from liquid gas and apparatus for carrying out the method

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0885365A1 EP0885365A1 (en) 1998-12-23
EP0885365B1 true EP0885365B1 (en) 2005-08-31

Family

ID=19899100

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97914662A Expired - Lifetime EP0885365B1 (en) 1996-02-29 1997-02-20 Method in the utilization of boil-off from liquid gas and apparatus for carrying out the method

Country Status (8)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0885365B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2000506250A (en)
KR (1) KR100490689B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE303556T1 (en)
AU (1) AU2181297A (en)
DE (1) DE69734098T2 (en)
NO (1) NO960836A (en)
WO (1) WO1997032157A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101754897B (en) * 2007-07-19 2013-08-28 大宇造船海洋株式会社 Fuel gas supply system and method of ship

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP4596620B2 (en) * 2000-09-13 2010-12-08 伊藤工機株式会社 LPG vaporization mechanism
GB0120661D0 (en) * 2001-08-24 2001-10-17 Cryostar France Sa Natural gas supply apparatus
KR100678725B1 (en) * 2006-03-06 2007-02-02 주식회사 동화엔텍 Unionized heat-exchanging system for LNG of LNG transporting ship
KR100805022B1 (en) * 2007-02-12 2008-02-20 대우조선해양 주식회사 Lng cargo tank of lng carrier and method for treating boil-off gas using the same
KR100835090B1 (en) 2007-05-08 2008-06-03 대우조선해양 주식회사 System and method for supplying fuel gas of lng carrier

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3889485A (en) * 1973-12-10 1975-06-17 Judson S Swearingen Process and apparatus for low temperature refrigeration
DE3237222A1 (en) * 1982-10-07 1984-04-12 Linde Ag, 6200 Wiesbaden Process for treating a liquefied natural gas
NO176454C (en) * 1993-01-29 1995-04-05 Kvaerner Moss Tech As Methods and plants for utilizing and providing fuel gas, respectively

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101754897B (en) * 2007-07-19 2013-08-28 大宇造船海洋株式会社 Fuel gas supply system and method of ship

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69734098D1 (en) 2005-10-06
NO960836D0 (en) 1996-02-29
NO300288B1 (en) 1997-05-05
JP2000506250A (en) 2000-05-23
NO960836A (en) 1997-05-05
KR19990087360A (en) 1999-12-27
DE69734098T2 (en) 2006-06-08
WO1997032157A1 (en) 1997-09-04
EP0885365A1 (en) 1998-12-23
AU2181297A (en) 1997-09-16
ATE303556T1 (en) 2005-09-15
KR100490689B1 (en) 2005-08-05

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