EP0882588A1 - Registerhaltige Abstimmung von Druckzylindern einer Rollenrotationsmaschine - Google Patents
Registerhaltige Abstimmung von Druckzylindern einer Rollenrotationsmaschine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0882588A1 EP0882588A1 EP98810437A EP98810437A EP0882588A1 EP 0882588 A1 EP0882588 A1 EP 0882588A1 EP 98810437 A EP98810437 A EP 98810437A EP 98810437 A EP98810437 A EP 98810437A EP 0882588 A1 EP0882588 A1 EP 0882588A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- cylinder
- register
- controller
- printing
- web
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41F—PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
- B41F13/00—Common details of rotary presses or machines
- B41F13/08—Cylinders
- B41F13/10—Forme cylinders
- B41F13/12—Registering devices
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41F—PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
- B41F13/00—Common details of rotary presses or machines
- B41F13/004—Electric or hydraulic features of drives
- B41F13/0045—Electric driving devices
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41F—PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
- B41F33/00—Indicating, counting, warning, control or safety devices
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO PRINTING, LINING MACHINES, TYPEWRITERS, AND TO STAMPS
- B41P2213/00—Arrangements for actuating or driving printing presses; Auxiliary devices or processes
- B41P2213/70—Driving devices associated with particular installations or situations
- B41P2213/73—Driving devices for multicolour presses
- B41P2213/734—Driving devices for multicolour presses each printing unit being driven by its own electric motor, i.e. electric shaft
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H2557/00—Means for control not provided for in groups B65H2551/00 - B65H2555/00
- B65H2557/20—Calculating means; Controlling methods
- B65H2557/264—Calculating means; Controlling methods with key characteristics based on closed loop control
- B65H2557/2644—Calculating means; Controlling methods with key characteristics based on closed loop control characterised by PID control
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method and a device for registering Alignment of cylinders of a web press on a web according to the preambles of the independent claims.
- the flying plate change for example with web width changes
- the flying production change that this enables in most cases first the peripheral speed of the impression cylinder for the previous old one Production up to a predetermined value, for example 30% of the speed in production, lowered, and the new cylinders are made for the subsequent new production after reaching the same peripheral speed created their counter cylinders. The new production is going at this speed added. Then the cylinders that now form the pressure points are opened the speed of the production run increased.
- a predetermined value for example 30% of the speed in production
- the new production is going at this speed added.
- the cylinders that now form the pressure points are opened the speed of the production run increased.
- drive through two speed ramps When changing production in this example, drive through two speed ramps.
- the drive concept of the printing presses described in the above-mentioned publications with individually driven printing units also enables compared to the previously common drives with a common shaft faster travel through the speed ramps, so that the changeover times can be shortened again between two productions.
- the invention has set itself the task of keeping the register and thus the To improve the quality of the printed image on a printing web.
- the invention relates to web-fed rotary printing presses, in particular for the Newspaper offset printing, as known for example from EP 0 644 048 A2 are.
- a first cylinder printing on one side of a web is replaced by a first
- the engine and a second cylinder printing on the same side of the web are driven by driven by a second motor, i.e. between the first and second cylinders there is no mechanical coupling for a common drive by one common engine.
- the two motors are not form-fitting for drive purposes connected. Both motors are in terms of the angular position of them regulated driven cylinder.
- the peripheral speed or equivalent size is on each of the cylinders preferably measured and connected to this cylinder or representative of all of the cylinders to be coordinated with one another on one of these cylinders and unlocked each of the other cylinders. This forms a control element based on a stored, speed-dependent characteristic curve to be activated Proportion of disturbance variables.
- disturbance to be applied can be empirical or by Simulation or a combined method can be determined.
- the existing ones in the machine are advantageously used Color register measuring devices used for automatic measurement for this purpose.
- control behavior is at least the Register regulator for the second cylinder specifically changed, if one Modification of a production condition influencing the circumference register becomes.
- the change in the control behavior is made by a targeted change causes at least one controller parameter.
- Changes in production conditions, that trigger a change in the control behavior according to the invention are such Changes, their impact on the size register or the accuracy of the register are predictable and reproducible.
- the preferred answer to one or more changes in production conditions consists of an adapted change in the control behavior of the controller, namely a controlled adaptation of at least one controller parameter, if necessary all or at least all essential controller parameters.
- the setting of the controller is the changed situation in real time or anticipating, preferably in part adjusted in real time and partly anticipating.
- the real-time variable flows into the Formation of the controller parameter, preferably the peripheral speed or the Speed of the cylinder to be adjusted in register.
- the peripheral speed of one of the other cylinders that are used are to be coordinated with the second cylinder in register, for example one Reference cylinder.
- Changed train paths and thereby changed ones are particularly anticipatory Path lengths are taken into account by setting basic parameters when changing production be imported.
- a Control element at least for the one to be tuned in register with the first cylinder second cylinder provided, which is based on a disturbance variable, in particular the peripheral speed of the one to be voted on or one of the others on the same side of the Web printing cylinder, a correction quantity to compensate for the one Disturbance typical register deviation of the second cylinder from the first cylinder forms.
- the disturbance variable is in the engine controller of the engine of the second cylinder Form of the correction variable activated.
- the control element preferably has a memory in which the disturbance variable-dependent Course of the register deviation of the second cylinder from the first Cylinder permanently stored or by the parent for the respective pressure case Machine control read in or from several permanently stored courses is selected.
- a register controller for to be tuned to the first cylinder, preferably via a second cylinder digital signal processor, with its own memory, in which the basic parameters for the controller parameters of this controller or in which the valid parameter basic values are writable.
- the circuit or the signal processor the controller only needs to be informed when using a permanent memory which of these stored basic values for the current operating case should apply to the respective controller parameter.
- the controller itself has both a RAM and a ROM and receives from a parent Control only via a control signal the message which of the ROM of the controller stored value or data record he take into his RAM and until further notice.
- the current set of values for the controller parameters can advantageously also directly from the higher-level control a RAM of the controller can be loaded.
- a third Partial controlled system comprising cylinders, from one comprising the second cylinder Partial controlled system decoupled with respect to the circumferential register.
- the third cylinder prints on the same side of the track as the first and second cylinders and follows in Web direction seen the second cylinder.
- Cylinder becomes the reference color
- second and third cylinders become matched in register with respect to the first cylinder.
- the features disclosed above can be used not only in the regulation or Control of those cylinders are used that are in register with one
- the reference color printing cylinder must be coordinated.
- the the reference color Printing cylinders themselves can be regulated and / or controlled in the same way. In order to print in register, this is advantageous, for example, if there is one common share in the manipulated variables of the register controller of all of the reference color following inks there.
- the described control and possibly regulation of the circumferential register can advantageously also for controlling and possibly regulating the cutting register be used, i.e. the register controls of the cylinders can also be made with regard to the cutting register can be adapted in a controlled manner.
- the cutting register can be edited in the course of Disturbance feedforward control, preferably with but also without controlled adaptation, also taken into account will.
- Figure 1 shows a four-high tower of a web press for newspaper offset printing.
- the printing tower is formed by four printing units DE1 to DE4, which are arranged one below the other to form two H-bridges in the tower.
- Each of the printing units comprises two forming a printing nip for a continuous web B.
- Blanket cylinders that start with the first printing unit DE1 to the last one Printing unit DE4 of the printing tower continuously designated 11 to 14 and 15 to 18 are.
- Each of the blanket cylinders 11 to 18 is a plate cylinder 21 to 28 assigned.
- the plate cylinders 21 to 28 each have a subordinate color and For the sake of clarity, dampening systems are not shown.
- the web B is unwound from a paper roll of a reel changer and runs then over guide rolls and a pull roll 1 into the printing tower.
- the pull roller 1 is not coupled to the downstream pressure units DE1 to DE4 on the drive side.
- the web is printed in four colors on both sides of the printing tower. Since the invention is not is limited to the rubber / rubber production shown in Figure 1, but can also be used in satellite printing units, the Blanket cylinders 11 to 18 following their function of printing on the web Because of unspecifically referred to as a pressure cylinder.
- the first printing unit DE1 the path through the first cylinders 11 and 15 on both sides with the preferred printed as the reference first color.
- the register accuracy when printing the second color by the second cylinders 12 and 16 in the second printing unit DE2 as well as the third and fourth color is always in relation to the first color measured and corrected.
- Registration marks are printed on the web from each of the printing cylinders 11 to 18, by means of a pair of. arranged behind the fourth printing unit DE4 Sensors 3, preferably a pair of CCD cameras 3, are recorded.
- a further web tension roller 2 is arranged behind the fourth printing unit DE4 is also not coupled to the printing units on the drive side. Between two pull rollers 1 and 2 immediately at the entrance and at the exit before the first Printing unit DE1 or behind the fourth printing unit DE4, ie the first and the The last printing point for the colors to be printed one above the other is the web B curious; excited.
- the arrangement of the sensor or sensors 3 comes from the speed of the color register control and, if necessary, control, especially in the case of transient ones Operations. In such phases, it is important to intervene in good time, so that the color register or registers do not run out of tolerance.
- the error runtime Around the time between the occurrence of a fault and the rectification of the fault, i.e. the error runtime, too First, minimize the printing units DE1 to DE4 as close as possible lying together.
- it has proven to be sufficient and proven to be advantageous from a cost point of view only one sensor 3 per web side, and this sensor 3 as close as possible behind the last Place the printing point that is to be registered with the reference color.
- the Printing point for printing the reference color on the other hand, should be the one from sensor 3 most distant.
- An evaluation electronics at sensor 3 or the Register controller 30 is the location of the Print of the reference color communicated, so that the registration of the Printing cylinder can be made accordingly.
- the register-based coordination of the printing cylinders printing on one side of the web B. 11 to 14 is carried out by means of register controllers 30.
- An input of the controller 30 are recorded by the sensor 3 assigned to the respective web side Register deviations fed.
- the register controller is via another input 30 connected to a bus of a higher-level controller.
- control comprises a control center 4, section computers 5 and Service interfaces accessible via modems 6.
- the setpoints for the drive control the motors 10 are given by means of the higher-level control.
- the Register control arrangement for those printing on the other side of the web B. Cylinder 15 to 18 is a mirror image of the register control arrangement for the cylinders 11 to 14.
- the time between the detection of an error and the output of the corresponding one The manipulated variable should be as short as possible.
- a register controller 30 for an engine one the cylinders 11 to 18 are adjusted, inter alia, to the error running time.
- a controller parameterization can therefore also depend on the operation of the machine of error runtimes vary, particularly when the web speed changes or a change in the distance between the location of the fault and also change the sensor 3 with changing productions.
- the dynamics of the partial controlled system can be included in the parameterization, in particular the free web length between the previous printing point and the considered Pressure point of the partial controlled system.
- the transfer of the manipulated variable of the register controller 30 should be as fast as possible and the actuator itself should match the dynamics of the register controller Can participate in 30 output manipulated variables.
- FIGS 2 to 4 show each other alternative drive concepts for each individually driven printing units DE1 to DE4.
- the Pressure gap forming cylinder for example 11 and 15, each via a gear 10.1, preferably a toothed belt, driven by a motor 10.
- the so directly driven cylinders 11 and 15 are mechanical with their downstream plate cylinders 21 and 25 coupled so that they do not drive illustrated gears on these downstream plate cylinders. Between the cylinders 11 and 15 forming the pressure gap do not have a positive fit Coupling, so that one speaks of a decoupling of the drive on the web can be.
- the directly driven cylinders 11 and 15 are related their angular position relative to others printing on the same side of the web Cylinder controlled in order to print with these other cylinders in register.
- the pressure gap is used instead forming cylinders 11 and 15 whose downstream plate cylinders 21 and 25 each a gear, preferably in turn a toothed belt, directly driven, and the cylinders 11 and 15 are via gear trains, not shown, from the plate cylinders 21 and 25 starting with driven. Otherwise, the two drive concepts are correct according to Figures 2 and 3.
- Figure 4 shows a further drive concept in which both the two the pressure gap forming cylinders 11 and 15 and their respective downstream plate cylinders 21 and 25 are mechanically coupled together and by a common motor 10 are driven.
- the motor 10 is in turn driven by a gear, preferably a toothed belt, on one of the two forming the pressure gap Cylinder 11 and 15, from which again via a gear train to the driven other cylinders, namely the counter cylinder and the plate cylinder, is aborted.
- FIG Gear preferably a toothed belt, driven by a motor 10.
- FIG. 5a shows the central cylinder 19 also mechanically one of the cylinders 11 'to 14' could be coupled, that is to say with a positive fit this cylinder could be communicating, so your own engine for this Central cylinder 19 would be omitted in this case.
- the satellite printing unit 5a are each on the same side of a web printing cylinders 11 'to 14' to each other in register in their angular positions regulated. Also a superposition of the regulations for the central cylinder 19 with each of the cylinders 11 to 14 can be profitable in the sense of minimizing Deviations from the ideal circumferential register are used.
- Figure 5b shows the corresponding example using a ten-cylinder printing unit with two central cylinders 19.1 and 19.2.
- the color cylinders arranged downstream of the plate cylinders 21 to 24 and 25 to 28 as well as 21 'and 24' Dampening units can use the plate cylinders to drive them together mechanically coupled, i.e. by positive locking.
- the ink and dampening systems can also be powered by your own motors. Are advantageous on the Units to be driven on the drive side, which have approximately the same moments of inertia have, so that with a few motor sizes, preferably a single motor size, the drive requirements of the printing press can be covered.
- FIG. 6 shows a characteristic curve obtained by measurement and interpolation for the register deviation Y 12 of the second cylinder 12 from the first cylinder 11.
- the first cylinder 11 is the reference cylinder.
- the register deviation Y 12 is plotted against the peripheral speed v 2 of the second cylinder 12.
- the characteristic of FIG. 6 is reproducible.
- Such characteristic curves can be determined in particular for different machine types, different paper qualities and different machine configurations, ie for different path lengths between two adjacent printing points and stored in a machine's own database.
- the appropriate data record can be selected after appropriate selection of the machine type, the type of paper currently used and the machine configuration currently set.
- a compensating register correction is then determined on the basis of the relationship shown in FIG. 6 from the circumferential speed v 2 currently in production.
- a characteristic curve like that of FIG. 6, is given for each pressure drop of the second cylinder 12 or 16 as well as to be coordinated accordingly for the other registers Cylinder determined.
- the characteristics are in the different pressure cases different, for example, because of different paper qualities that same web circumferential speed show different web tensions. In particular, differing pathways cause changes in production a changed path behavior.
- Printing units that follow the first printing unit DE1 serving as a reference the appropriate curve selected from the database.
- a correction quantity i. H. the proportion of a disturbance variable to be switched on, based on the selected characteristic and the Command variable of the engine controller 8 switched on.
- a disturbance variable is also applied to cylinders 11 and 15 the first printing unit DE1.
- the activation of such a disturbance variable also with the first cylinders 11 and 15 make sense, in particular, for cutting register control.
- characteristic curves Y kl (v l ) are measured and made available in a machine-specific database.
- the index k denotes the reference cylinder and the index 1 the respective subsequent cylinder to be matched in register.
- Figure 7 is a controller arrangement for those printing on the right side of the web Cylinder 11 to 14 and also hinted for the left side of the web printing cylinder 15 to 18 shown. In the following, however, only the Regulation described on the right side of the train. The following applies to the regulation on the left of the railway corresponding in each case.
- the registration marks printed on the web are picked up by the sensor 3 and evaluated in the measuring head of the sensor 3.
- the determined register deviations Y 1, i , the cylinders 12, 13 and 14 are led from the output of the sensor 3 to the reference cylinder 11 at an input of the register regulator 30.
- the register controller 30 is divided internally into a register controller for each of the cylinders 11 to 14. From these register deviations, each of the individual controllers of the register controller 30 forms a manipulated variable for its controlled system, the relevant cylinder, its engine 10 and engine controller 8, the path and the Includes sensors.
- the angular positions of the cylinders 11 to 14 are regulated by a motor controller 8 each.
- an individual target angular position is formed for each of the cylinders 11 to 14.
- the angular position ⁇ is represented by a length u [mm] developed from the cylinder circumference.
- the setpoint angle position is made up of the component u i, set , which is specified by the higher-level control 4, 5, 6, and a correction du.
- the actual values are preferably recorded at the torque-free ends of the cylinders 11 to 14.
- the comparison result, the difference, is converted by the engine controller 8 into a manipulated variable for its engine 10.
- the control for the second cylinder 12 is shown in more detail as an example in FIG. The same applies to the register control of the other cylinders.
- Y 12 represents the register deviation of the second cylinder 12 from the first cylinder 11.
- the register controller 30 is connected via a third input to the higher-level controller, which is simply identified by 4 in FIG.
- Basic parameter values k Basis are accordingly also supplied for the third cylinder 13 and the fourth cylinder 14 and, if appropriate, also for the first cylinder 11.
- the register controller 30 forms its manipulated variable du 2, R from these input variables, ie the register deviation Y 12 , the peripheral speed v 2 and the basic parameter values.
- This output variable or manipulated variable is fed to the input of motor controller 8 together with its reference variable u 2, intended by controller 4 and actual angular position u 2, in the form of the difference u 2, Soll + du 2 - u 2, is supplied.
- a PID controller known from EP 0 644 048 can be used as the motor controller 8.
- the register controller 30 of the exemplary embodiment is also designed as a controller with PID elements, each with controller parameters k P , k l and k D. Each of these controller parameters is formed by the register controller 30 as a function of the respective basic parameter value and the peripheral speed of the cylinder, ie as a function of the individual basic parameter values and peripheral speeds per cylinder. It therefore applies individually to each of the cylinders 11 to 14:
- each of the controller parameters is thus as a function of the respective basic parameter value, a cylinder-specific or a representative speed that is the same for all cylinders, and if necessary the last-mentioned coefficient.
- the basic parameter values k basis are determined solely as a function of the dynamics of the partial controlled systems, ie only or at least mainly from the path paths to the preceding cylinder and to sensor 3.
- the controller parameters of the exemplary embodiment are proportional to the product of the basic parameter value and peripheral speed, ie the following applies:
- the basic parameter values k basis and the possibly used coefficients a for the controller parameters are anticipated by the machine controller in the event of a production change and the associated pressure point reshaping.
- the basic parameter values only take into account the length of the web to the printing cylinders preceding each in printing.
- a corresponding setting on the machine control station 4 is converted by the machine controller into the basic parameter values and passed on to the register controller 30. These basic parameter values then apply until the pressure setting is changed again.
- the cylinder peripheral speeds v 1 to v 4 are measured and continuously used in real time by the register controller 30 to form its output variable du i, R as part of a suitable control algorithm, preferably a PID control.
- a circumferential speed measured for one of the cylinders 11 to 14 can also be used for all cylinders to be coordinated with one another in register.
- the output variable du 2, R of the register controller 30 formed by controlled adaptation, the peripheral speed v 2 is added as a disturbance variable by a control element 40.
- the sum du 2 formed therefrom is added to the reference control variable u 2, target of the machine control 4, and the difference between the reference variable formed in this way and the measured actual position value u 2,1st is the control deviation for the motor controller 8.
- An output variable du 2, S as a correction variable is formed in the control element 40 as a function of the speed v 2 of the second cylinder 12, which is preferably measured.
- characteristic curves are stored in a memory of the control element 40 for the relationship between the register deviations and the cylinder speeds.
- the register deviation Y 12 which is dependent on the speed v 2 of the second cylinder 12 , is used to form the correction value or the disturbance variable connection component du 2, S , as is shown, for example, in FIG. 6.
- the control element 40 uses this characteristic curve to calculate the correction variable du 2, S used to compensate for the register deviation Y 12 , ie depending on the definition of Y 12 and du 2, S , a scaling and / or a sign change takes place as the conversion.
- only one characteristic curve is stored in the memory of the control element 40 for each of the register deviations Y 12 to Y 14 , in particular the characteristic curve of FIG. 6 for the second cylinder 12, ie in this case only the peripheral speeds of the cylinders are used as input variables for the control element 40 used.
- the register deviations generally also depend on other influencing variables, in particular the free path length to the preceding cylinder and sensor 3, the ink and dampening solution guide and also on the paper quality, a representative, average curve is used when only one characteristic curve is used for the respective register deviation saved.
- sets of curves can also be stored in the memory of the control element 40 for each of the register deviations.
- the characteristic currently to be used is selected by the controller 4 via a line drawn with a dot-dash line in FIG.
- a single one of the speeds v 1 to v 4 in particular that of the reference cylinder, can also be used as a representative speed instead of individual speeds for the formation of the correction variables du i, s .
- the characteristic curves could also be stored in a database of the machine control and entered into the control element memory at the start of production via the Y KL bus.
- the correction variable du 2, S can also be used alone in stationary and in non-stationary operation of the machine to compensate for systematic register errors or register deviations. This mode is indicated by an open switch at the output of the controller 30.
- the intrusion of this correction variable is also optional, Aufschaltificat that you two can also be identical to the manipulated variable du 2, R of the regulator Be 30.
- This mode is also symbolized by an open switch.
- du i, R and du i, S can together form the override variable du i , ie both symbolic switches are closed in this case.
- the control member 40 can, as shown in Figure 8, independently in addition to that Motor controller 8 and the register controller 30 may be provided. However, it can also be advantageous divided into individual control elements for the individual cylinders 11 to 14 and be directly upstream of the engine controllers 8 in this division. A third possibility, namely the implementation of the control element 40 Individual control elements 41 to 44 in the register controller 30 are shown in FIG.
- FIGS. 9 to 11 show the influence that a register adjustment made on the second cylinder 12 exerts on the registers of the following cylinders 13 and 14.
- FIG. 9 shows the deviation of the register of the second cylinder 12 from the first cylinder 11 over time in the case of a rectangular excitation du 2 .
- the register of the second cylinder 12 was adjusted by 1 mm and reset at a predetermined second time t2.
- the adjustment of the second cylinder 12 is only noticeable in the register of the subsequent third cylinder 13 at the aforementioned first and second point in time, that is to say the transition points in FIG. 9, by means of a first and a second projection below and above the line for zero deviation.
- the register of the fourth cylinder 14 according to FIG. 11 shows a similar behavior.
- the change in the excitation du 2 is shown in FIG. 12 in addition to the course of the register deviation Y 12 .
- FIG. 13 shows the course of du 3 and the course of the register deviation Y 13 for the third cylinder 13.
- the register adjustment according to FIG. 12 for the second cylinder 12 also brings about an adjustment of the circumferential register in the subsequent cylinders 13 and 14, as already shown in the figures 10 and 11 is shown.
- the motor of the third cylinder 13 is readjusted to eliminate the register deviation Y 13 .
- the portion du 3 of the reference variable corresponding to the readjustment for the engine controller 8 of the third cylinder 13 is shown in FIG. In FIG. 13 it can be seen that this command variable is only changed by du 3 with a certain time delay in relation to the register deviation Y 13 that has occurred.
- the delayed change du 3 not only causes the register deviation Y 13 to arise undisturbed, it also causes the register deviation Y 13 to overshoot in the other direction after Y 13 has been reduced. The overshoot occurs even at a time when the register deviation Y 13 would run back against the desired zero deviation without the change du 3 . The overshoot is caused by du 3 in the first place.
- FIG. 14 shows the course of the register deviation Y 13 of the third cylinder 13 in the event that a decoupling for the control systems of the second cylinder 12 and the third cylinder 13 is undertaken or activated.
- the favorable course of the register deviation Y 13 of the third cylinder 13 in relation to the first cylinder 11, which is favorable in FIG. 14, is achieved in that the reference variable of the motor regulator 8 for the third cylinder 13 adds up a certain proportion of the output of the register regulator for the second cylinder 12 becomes.
- the totalization compensates for the influences in the sense of a register-based coordination which result from the influence of the web tension by the register adjustment of a previous cylinder.
- the summation just described for the reference variable of the engine controller for the third cylinder 13 can be carried out alone or in combination with the disturbance variable connection already mentioned.
- FIG. 15 shows an embodiment of the register controller 30, the integration of the control element 40 in the controller 30 of FIG. 8 arises. Furthermore are Decoupling elements provided.
- first bus v and a second bus k base which can also be combined to form a single bus, the circumferential speeds v 1 to v 4 of the four cylinders 11 to 14 printing on the same web side and the Basic parameter values for these cylinders are supplied.
- the coefficients a which may be specified with the basic parameter values, are transmitted via the K base bus or a separate bus.
- the register controller 30 has a main controller for each of the cylinders 11 to 14.
- the respective main controllers are labeled 31 to 34. Each of these is a PID controller.
- Each of the main controllers 31 to 34 and the filters 1 to 4 is supplied with the individual set of parameter basic values k Pi, base , k li, base , k Di, base and k fi, base for its cylinder; cylinder-specific coefficients a Pi , a li , a Di are also fed to the main controllers.
- the register deviations Y 12 to Y 14 are fed to the main controllers 32 to 34 via an upstream filter, namely filter 2, filter 3 and filter 4.
- the basic parameter values are read once for the entire production into a memory of the main controllers 31 to 34.
- a plurality of sets of basic parameter values which are specific for production for example a first set for a first speed range and a second, possibly a third set for a second or even third speed range of the cylinders.
- the basic parameter values only take into account the length of the free path in front of the respective cylinder and the length of the path from the cylinder to the sensor 3. If a sensor 3 is provided for each of the cylinders 11 to 14, the basic parameter values must match the respective path lengths up to do not consider such individual sensors 3. From the basic parameter values and the measured cylinder peripheral speed, each of the main controllers 31 to 34 forms its controller parameters k P , k l and k D according to the relationships:
- the values for the coefficients a P , a l , a D reach the main controllers in the same way as the k basic values.
- the a values are preferably also also always changed when the k base values are changed.
- the likewise cylinder-specific coefficients a and the basic values k basis can vary in discrete steps depending on the cylinder circumferential speed, preferably in only two or three steps over the entire speed range.
- the coefficients k, the upstream filter, filters 1, 2, 3 and 4 can also in an advantageous further development according to such relations and equations (1) to (3) can be adapted in a controlled manner.
- the output variables du i, R of the main controllers 31 to 34 are each subjected to the additive components du i, S in the manner described for FIG. 8.
- the output variables of decoupling elements EG 34 , EG 234 and EG 1234 are also added .
- the decoupling element EG 34 is sufficient for decoupling the main regulator 34 from the main regulator 33 and the further decoupling element EG 234 for decoupling the main regulator 33 and 34 from the main regulator 32.
- the control elements 41 to 44 are also included in the decoupling.
- FIG. 15 shows the case in which the first cylinder 11 prints the reference color.
- Y 11 is by definition zero; likewise you lR .
- the feedforward control acts only on the cutting register for the first cylinder 11.
- the reference color is printed by one of the other cylinders 12, 13 or 14, the same applies accordingly to the cylinder then printing the reference color.
- the controlled systems of the cylinders 12, 13 and 14 are made by a corresponding decoupling element EG 1234 decoupled from the controlled system of the first cylinder 11 in the same way.
- the cylinders 11 to 14 are preferably all decoupled from one another via decoupling elements.
- the output variables du i, R of the main controllers 31 to 34 can be dispensed with; at least the controlled adaptation can be dispensed with.
- the formation of a decoupling in terms of control technology by means of decoupling elements EG 34 , EG 234 and EG 1234 is optional.
- FIG. 16 shows a step response or transfer function for the decoupling elements EG 23 , EG 234 and EG 1234 qualitatively as a function of time.
- the transfer function which applies to all decoupling elements in this qualitative representation, drops from a positive initial value over time to almost zero. Since the control according to the invention is preferably a discrete control, the course of the transfer function decreases in a step-like manner.
- the output variables of the decoupling elements are thus formed in such a way that the subsequent cylinders deflect in such a way that their registers are changed as little as possible when a register has been adjusted on a preceding cylinder.
- the decoupling of the controlled systems according to the invention in the register controller 30 also contributes to the registration of cylinders printing on one side of the web with one another, that is to say without the controlled adaptation of the controller parameters and also without the interference variable, that is to say also brings them alone or in optional combination with one the other two solutions have advantages in register accuracy.
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Abstract
Description
- Figur 1
- einen Druckturm für einen Vierfarbendruck,
- Figur 2
- einen ersten Antrieb für jede der Druckeinheiten des Druckturms nach Figur 1,
- Figur 3
- einen zweiten Antrieb für jede der Druckeinheiten des Druckturms nach Figur 1,
- Figur 4
- einen dritten Antrieb für jede der Druckeinheiten des Druckturms nach Figur 1,
- Figur 5a
- einen Antrieb für ein Satellitendruckwerk,
- Figur 5b
- einen Antrieb für ein Zehnzylinderdruckwerk,
- Figur 6
- eine Umfangsregisterkennlinie für eine Druckfarbe,
- Figur 7
- einen Regelkreis zur Lageregelung eines auf eine Bahn druckenden Zylinders des Druckturms nach Figur 1,
- Figur 8
- einen Registerregler für den Regelkreis nach Figur 7,
- Figur 9
- den Verlauf der Registerabweichung bei Verstellung der Winkellage eines auf die Bahn druckenden Zylinders der zweiten Druckeinheit des Druckturms nach Figur 1,
- Figur 10
- den Verlauf der Registerabweichung der in der dritten Druckeinheit des Druckturms nach Figur 1 aufgetragenen Druckfarbe infolge der Verstellung nach Figur 9,
- Figur 11
- den Verlauf der Registerabweichung der in der vierten Druckeinheit des Druckturms nach Figur 1 aufgetragenen Druckfarbe infolge der Verstellung nach Figur 9,
- Figur 12
- den Verlauf der Registerabweichung entsprechend Figur 9 zusammen mit dem Verlauf der die Verstellung des zweiten Zylinders bewirkenden Stellgröße,
- Figur 13
- die Auswirkung der Verstellung nach Figur 12 auf den Passer der nachfolgend gedruckten Farbe, für den Fall, dass die Regelstrecke mit dem Zylinder der nachfolgend gedruckten Farbe von der Regelstrecke mit der zuvor gedruckten Farbe nicht entkoppelt ist,
- Figur 14
- die Auswirkung der Verstellung nach Figur 12 auf den Passer der nachfolgend gedruckten Farbe, für den Fall, dass die Regelstrecke mit dem Zylinder der nachfolgend gedruckten Farbe von der Regelstrecke mit der zuvor gedruckten Farbe entkoppelt ist,
- Figur 15
- einen Registerregler für vier Zylinder und
- Figur 16
- eine Sprungantwort eines Entkopplungsgliedes nach Figur 15.
Claims (18)
- Verfahren zur registerhaltigen Abstimmung von auf eine Bahn druckenden Zylindern einer Rollenrotationsmaschine, bei dema) ein auf eine Seite der Bahn druckender erster Zylinder (11) von einem ersten Motor (10) und ein auf die gleiche Seite der Bahn druckender zweiter Zylinder (12) von einem zweiten Motor (10) angetrieben werden undb) die Motoren (10) von Motorreglern (8) zur Einhaltung von vorgegebenen Winkellagen des ersten und des zweiten Zylinders (11, 12) geregelt werden,c) einer Führungsleitgröße (u2.Soll) für den Motorregler (8) wenigstens des zweiten Zylinders (12) wenigstens eine Störgröße (v) aufgeschaltet wird zur Kompensation einer für diese Störgröße (v) typischen Registerabweichung (Y12) des zweiten Zylinders (12) vom ersten Zylinder (11).
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die typische Registerabweichung (Y12) als Funktion der Störgröße (v) in Form wenigstens einer Kennlinie vorgegeben und daraus eine Korrekturgröße (du2,s) gebildet und dem Motorregler (8) des zweiten Zylinders (12) zugeführt wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass als Störgröße die Geschwindigkeit (v2) des zweiten Zylinders oder die Geschwindigkeit (v1, v3, v4) eines auf die gleiche Seite der Bahn wie der zweite Zylinder (12) druckenden anderen Zylinders (11, 13, 14) verwendet wird.
- Verfahren nach dem vorhergehenden Anspruch, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass geschwindigkeitsabhängige Registerabweichungen für alternative Transportwege der Bahn ermittelt und vorgegeben werden.
- Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass bei einer Änderung einer Produktionsbedingung wenigstens ein Reglerparameter (kP, kD, kl, kf) eines Reglers (30; 32) zur registerhaltigen Abstimmung des zweiten Zylinders (12) verändert und die Einstellung dieses Reglers (30; 32) dadurch der Produktionsbedingung angepasst wird.
- Verfahren nach dem vorhergehenden Anspruch, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in die Bildung des wenigstens einen Reglerparameters (kP, kD, kl, kf) ein für eine Produktion spezifischer Parametergrundwert (kP,Basis, kD,Basis, kl,Basis, kf,Basis) einfließt.
- Verfahren nach wenigstens einem der beiden vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Reglerparameter (kP, kD, kl, kf) durch eine Änderung einer Bahnlänge infolge einer Druckstellenumbildung zumindest mitbestimmt wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der wenigstens eine Reglerparameter (kP, kD, kl, kf) in Anpassung an die Umfangsgeschwindigkeit eines der Zylinder (11, 12, 13, 14), die auf die gleiche Bahnseite drucken, verändert wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein auf die gleiche Seite der Bahn druckender dritter Zylinder (13) von einer für den zweiten Zylinder (12) vorgenommenen Korrektur einer Registerabweichung (Y12) des zweiten Zylinders (12) entkoppelt wird, indem die diese Korrektur der Registerabweichung (Y12) des zweiten Zylinders (12) bewirkende Größe (du2,R) für den zweiten Zylinder (12) einem Entkopplungsglied EG234 zugeführt und dessen Ausgangssignal (E234) einer Stellgröße (du3,R) zur Korrektur von Registerabweichungen (Y13) des dritten Zylinders (13) aufgeschaltet wird.
- Vorrichtung zur registerhaltigen Abstimmung von auf eine Bahn druckenden Zylindern einer Rollenrotationsmaschine, mita) einem auf eine Seite der Bahn druckenden ersten Zylinder (11), der von einem ersten Motor (10) angetrieben wird, und einem auf die gleiche Seite der Bahn druckenden zweiten Zylinder (12), der von einem zweiten Motor (10) angetrieben wird, undb) Motorreglern (8) zur Regelung der Winkellagen der Zylinder (11, 12),c) ein Steuerglied (40; 42) vorgesehen ist, das aus einer Störgröße (v) eine Korrekturgröße (du2,s) zur Kompensation einer für die Störgröße (v) typischen Registerabweichung (Y12) des zweiten Zylinders (12) vom ersten Zylinder (11) bildet, die dem Motorregler (8) des zweiten Zylinders (12) aufgeschaltet wird.
- Vorrichtung nach dem vorhergehenden Anspruch, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Steuerglied (40; 42) einen Speicher aufweist, in dem wenigstens eine Kennlinie für den von der Störgröße (v) abhängigen Verlauf der Registerabweichung (Y12) des zweiten Zylinders (12) vom ersten Zylinder (11) abgelegt ist.
- Vorrichtung nach wenigstens einem der beiden vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass dem Steuerglied (40; 42) über einen ersten Eingang die wenigstens eine Störgröße (v) und über einen zweiten Eingang die wenigstens eine für eine aktuelle Druckproduktion gültige Kennlinie (Y12 (v)) oder ein Auswahlsignal zum Auswählen dieser Kennlinie aus in einem Speicher des Steuerglieds (40; 42) gespeicherten Kennlinien zugeführt wird.
- Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 10 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein Registerregler (30; 32) zur registerhaltigen Abstimmung des zweiten Zylinders (12) zum ersten Zylinder (11) vorgesehen und wenigstens ein Reglerparameter (kp, kD, kl, kf) dieses Reglers (30; 32) im Betrieb der Maschine veränderbar ist.
- Vorrichtung nach dem vorhergehenden Anspruch, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Registerregler (30; 32) einen Signalprozessor und einen Speicher aufweist, in den von einer übergeordneten Steuerung (4, 5, 6) Parametergrundwerte (kP Basis, kD Basis , kl Basis, kj Basis) zur Bildung des wenigstens einen veränderbaren Reglerparameters (kP, kD, kl, kf) eingelesen werden.
- Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 13 oder 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass dem Registerregler (30; 32) die Umfangsgeschwindigkeit eines der auf die gleiche Seite der Bahn druckenden Zylinder (11, 12), vorzugsweise des abzustimmenden Zylinders (12), zugeführt wird.
- Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 13 bis 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein Multiplizierer des Registerreglers (30; 32) zur Bildung des wenigstens einen veränderbaren Reglerparameters (kP, kD, kl, kf) die Umfangsgeschwindigkeit mit dem Parametergrundwert (kP Basis, kD Basis, kl Basis, kf Basis) multipliziert.
- Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 10 bis 16, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Steuerglied (40; 42) Teil eines Registerreglers (30; 32) ist.
- Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 10 bis 16, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Steuerglied (40; 42) eigenständig oder Teil einer übergeordneten Maschinensteuerung (4, 5, 6) ist.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE1997123043 DE19723043C2 (de) | 1997-06-02 | 1997-06-02 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Regelung eines Umfangregisters von auf eine Bahn druckenden Zylindern einer Rollenrotationsdruckmaschine |
DE19723059 | 1997-06-02 | ||
DE19723043 | 1997-06-02 | ||
DE1997123059 DE19723059A1 (de) | 1997-06-02 | 1997-06-02 | Registerhaltige Abstimmung von Druckzylindern einer Rollenrotationsmaschine |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0882588A1 true EP0882588A1 (de) | 1998-12-09 |
EP0882588B1 EP0882588B1 (de) | 2001-11-07 |
Family
ID=26037064
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP98810437A Expired - Lifetime EP0882588B1 (de) | 1997-06-02 | 1998-05-13 | Registerhaltige Abstimmung von Druckzylindern einer Rollenrotationsmaschine |
EP98810436A Expired - Lifetime EP0882587B1 (de) | 1997-06-02 | 1998-05-13 | Registerhaltige Abstimmung von Druckzylindern einer Rollenrotationsmaschine |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP98810436A Expired - Lifetime EP0882587B1 (de) | 1997-06-02 | 1998-05-13 | Registerhaltige Abstimmung von Druckzylindern einer Rollenrotationsmaschine |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US6647874B1 (de) |
EP (2) | EP0882588B1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE59809058D1 (de) |
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US6827011B2 (en) | 2000-09-20 | 2004-12-07 | Koenig & Bauer Aktiengesellschaft | Printers comprising a drive assembly and a coupling |
WO2002024453A1 (de) * | 2000-09-20 | 2002-03-28 | Koenig & Bauer Aktiengesellschaft | Druckeinheiten mit antriebsverbund und kupplung |
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EP1355211A2 (de) * | 2002-04-17 | 2003-10-22 | Heidelberger Druckmaschinen Aktiengesellschaft | Kompensation von Zylinderschwingungen in bedruckstoffverarbeitenden Maschinen |
EP1355211A3 (de) * | 2002-04-17 | 2006-09-20 | Heidelberger Druckmaschinen Aktiengesellschaft | Kompensation von Zylinderschwingungen in bedruckstoffverarbeitenden Maschinen |
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US7464645B2 (en) | 2004-03-23 | 2008-12-16 | Koenig & Bauer Aktiengesellschaft | Printing machines having at least one machine element that can be adjusted by a setting element |
US7421948B2 (en) | 2004-05-25 | 2008-09-09 | Koenig & Bauer Aktiengesellscahft | Method and device for adjustment of the transfer of printing ink and a method for the application of the device |
DE102004052181B3 (de) * | 2004-07-23 | 2006-01-19 | Koenig & Bauer Ag | Verfahren zur Erkennung eines Bahnrisses einer in einer Rollendruckmaschine bedruckten Materialbahn |
WO2007098984A1 (de) * | 2006-03-01 | 2007-09-07 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum zeitrichtigen erfassen von in regelmässigen abständen auf einer druckbahn befindlichen druckmarken |
US8085973B2 (en) | 2006-03-01 | 2011-12-27 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Method and device for the detection, at the correct time, of print marks located at regular intervals on a print web |
DE102006057519B4 (de) | 2006-12-06 | 2021-09-02 | manroland sheetfed GmbH | Antriebseinrichtung für eine Verarbeitungsmaschine |
US8899153B2 (en) | 2007-07-26 | 2014-12-02 | Windmoeller & Hoelscher Kg | Printing machine and method of operating the machine to avoid undesired vibrations |
EP2392459A1 (de) * | 2010-06-02 | 2011-12-07 | Müller Martini Holding AG | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Registersteuerung einer Druckmaschine |
US9010242B2 (en) | 2010-06-02 | 2015-04-21 | Mueller Martini Holding Ag | Method and device for controlling the register settings of a printing press |
DE102012002675A1 (de) * | 2012-02-10 | 2013-08-14 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Verfahren zur Registerkorrektur bei einer Bahnbearbeitungsmaschine mit einem Verzögerungsabschnitt |
US9216871B2 (en) | 2012-02-10 | 2015-12-22 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method for register correction in a web processing machine having a delay section |
EP2919993B1 (de) | 2012-11-13 | 2017-03-22 | Windmöller & Hölscher KG | Überwachungssystem für die ausrichtung von druckwerken einer reihendruckmaschine |
DE102019127715A1 (de) * | 2019-10-15 | 2021-04-15 | Koenig & Bauer Ag | Antrieb in einer Druckmaschine |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US6532872B2 (en) | 2003-03-18 |
DE59809058D1 (de) | 2003-08-28 |
US20020023560A1 (en) | 2002-02-28 |
EP0882587A1 (de) | 1998-12-09 |
DE59802022D1 (de) | 2001-12-13 |
EP0882587B1 (de) | 2003-07-23 |
US6647874B1 (en) | 2003-11-18 |
EP0882588B1 (de) | 2001-11-07 |
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