EP0867605A1 - Exhaust manifold for motor vehicles - Google Patents

Exhaust manifold for motor vehicles Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0867605A1
EP0867605A1 EP97110948A EP97110948A EP0867605A1 EP 0867605 A1 EP0867605 A1 EP 0867605A1 EP 97110948 A EP97110948 A EP 97110948A EP 97110948 A EP97110948 A EP 97110948A EP 0867605 A1 EP0867605 A1 EP 0867605A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
exhaust manifold
pipes
protective cover
manifold according
insulating material
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP97110948A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Olaf Schmenkel
Michael Bleidt
Gerhard Walter
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ElringKlinger AG
Original Assignee
ElringKlinger AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ElringKlinger AG filed Critical ElringKlinger AG
Publication of EP0867605A1 publication Critical patent/EP0867605A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/08—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits
    • F01N13/10—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits of exhaust manifolds
    • F01N13/102—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits of exhaust manifolds having thermal insulation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2310/00—Selection of sound absorbing or insulating material
    • F01N2310/06—Porous ceramics

Definitions

  • the exhaust gas-carrying parts belong in the engine compartment of a motor vehicle to the hottest elements. Around the surrounding components, especially heat sensitive electronic components as well Protect rubber and plastic parts from damage, must take appropriate measures to prevent too large a Heat radiation of the exhaust gas-carrying parts can be taken.
  • Conventional exhaust manifolds made of cast iron are because of the high Outside temperatures can often no longer be used today. It are therefore increasingly double-walled elbows with one air gap between them used. Due to the This air gap is said to have poor thermal conductivity of air for a significant reduction in the outside temperature of the exhaust manifold to care.
  • the present invention has for its object a Exhaust manifold for motor vehicles to create a low Has outside temperature and avoids the disadvantages mentioned above.
  • the task is using an exhaust manifold for automobiles one surrounding the single-walled manifold pipes at a distance Protective cover released, leaving the space between the manifold pipes and the protective cover with a heat-insulating material is filled out.
  • the thermal insulation material also absorbs Infrared radiation, so that the outside temperature of the invention Exhaust manifold is very low.
  • the surrounding protective cover is only supposed to do that Thermal insulation material against mechanical and chemical damage protect.
  • the outer protective cover can serve as a limitation for the foaming process.
  • Using a hardening ceramic foam as thermal insulation material can advantageously be a compressible on the pipes resilient layer, preferably a silicate fiber mat, for Protection of ceramic foam insulation from cracks due to thermal expansion of the pipes.
  • the outer protective cover can for example be made of sheet metal and a thickness of about 0.3 mm.
  • the manifold pipes can be made of stainless steel exist with wall thicknesses of 1 to 2 mm.
  • the single figure shows a schematic perspective view an embodiment of an inventive Exhaust manifold 10.
  • the illustrated exhaust manifold 10 is from formed three-walled tubes 11, 12 and 13, which by means of a flange 14 on a not shown Engine block 15 are connected, and the one common pipe 16 are merged into an exhaust system 17 flows.
  • the three tubes 11, 12 and 13 are of one thin protective cover 18 surrounded by sheet metal.
  • a heat-insulating material 19 arranged, which can preferably be a ceramic foam.
  • the protective cover 18 and the heat insulating Material 19 shown partially cut open so that the tubes 11, 12, 13 and that arranged around the tubes 11, 12, 13 Insulating material 19 and the surrounding protective cover 18 clearly recognizable in their mutual arrangement are.
  • the illustrated exhaust manifold 10 is only an example. It can also have more than three tubes as well as a different geometry exhibit. Only the single-walled design is essential the exhaust pipes 11 to 13, which are at some distance the tubes 11 to 13 arranged protective cover 18 and the in between arranged thermal insulation material which ensures that the outside temperature of the protective cover 18 is low.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Exhaust Silencers (AREA)

Abstract

Pipes (11,12,13) of an exhaust manifold of a motor vehicle are surrounded by a protective sheath (18) with a thermal insulating material (19) filling the space between the pipe and the sheath. The thermal insulating material is preferably a ceramic foam and a compressible, elastic silicate fibre mat is provided on the pipes to protect the thermal insulation from cracks due to thermal expansion. The sheath is preferably of sheet steel.

Description

Die abgasführenden Teile gehören im Motorraum eines Kraftfahrzeuges zu den heißesten Elementen. Um die umgebenden Bauteile, insbesondere hitzeempfindliche elektronische Bauteile sowie Gummi- und Kunststoffteile, vor Schädigungen zu schützen, müssen geeignete Maßnahmen zur Verhinderung einer zu großen Wärmeabstrahlung der abgasführenden Teile getroffen werden. Herkömmliche Abgaskrümmer aus Gußeisen sind wegen der hohen Außentemperaturen heute vielfach nicht mehr einsetzbar. Es werden daher zunehmend doppelwandige Rohrkrümmer mit einem dazwischenliegenden Luftspalt eingesetzt. Aufgrund der schlechten Wärmeleitfähigkeit von Luft soll dieser Luftspalt für eine deutliche Absenkung der Außentemperatur des Abgaskrümmers sorgen. Werden jedoch die innenliegenden Rohre auf Temperaturen größer als 500 °C erwärmt, entsteht eine starke Infrarotstrahlung, die den Luftspalt verlustfrei durchdringen kann, wodurch die äußeren Rohre sehr stark erwärmt werden. Darüber hinaus sind doppelwandige Rohrkrümmer insbesondere auch aufgrund der notwendigen gasdichten Verschweißung der Einzelteile in der Konstruktion sehr aufwendig und kostenintensiv. Auch die durch die doppelwandige Konstruktion bedingte Gewichtszunahme ist im Kraftfahrzeugbereich vielfach nicht tolerierbar. The exhaust gas-carrying parts belong in the engine compartment of a motor vehicle to the hottest elements. Around the surrounding components, especially heat sensitive electronic components as well Protect rubber and plastic parts from damage, must take appropriate measures to prevent too large a Heat radiation of the exhaust gas-carrying parts can be taken. Conventional exhaust manifolds made of cast iron are because of the high Outside temperatures can often no longer be used today. It are therefore increasingly double-walled elbows with one air gap between them used. Due to the This air gap is said to have poor thermal conductivity of air for a significant reduction in the outside temperature of the exhaust manifold to care. However, the inside pipes are on Heated at temperatures greater than 500 ° C creates a strong Infrared radiation that penetrates the air gap without loss can, which heats up the outer tubes very much. In addition, double-walled elbows are special also due to the necessary gas-tight welding of the Individual parts in the construction are very complex and cost-intensive. Also due to the double-walled construction Weight gain is common in the automotive field intolerable.

Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Abgaskrümmer für Kraftfahrzeuge zu schaffen, der eine geringe Außentemperatur aufweist und die obengenannten Nachteile vermeidet.The present invention has for its object a Exhaust manifold for motor vehicles to create a low Has outside temperature and avoids the disadvantages mentioned above.

Die Aufgabe wird mit einem Abgaskrümmer für Kraftfahrzeuge mit einer die einwandigen Krümmerrohre mit Abstand umgebenden Schutzhülle gelöst, wobei der Zwischenraum zwischen den Krümmerrohren und der Schutzhülle mit einem wärmedämmenden Material ausgefüllt ist. Das Wärmedämm-Material absorbiert auch Infrarotstrahlung, so daß die Außentemperatur des erfindungsgemäßen Abgaskrümmers sehr niedrig ist. Durch die einwandige Ausführung der Rohre weist der erfindungsgemäße Abgaskrümmer ein relativ geringes Gewicht auf und ist relativ einfach und preiswert in der Herstellung. Je nach der Geometrie des Abgaskrümmers und der Anzahl der Krümmer ist die Verwendung von durch Innenhochdruckumformung hergestellten Komponenten möglich. Die einwandigen Rohre übernehmen vollständig die tragende Funktion. Die umgebende Schutzhülle soll lediglich das Wärmedamm-Material vor mechanischen und chemischen Beschädigungen schützen. Als Wärmedämm-Material eignet sich in besonderer Weise ein Keramikschaum. Die äußere Schutzhülle kann hierbei als Begrenzung für den Schäumvorgang dienen. Bei Verwendung eines aushärtenden Keramikschaumes als Wärmedämm-Material kann vorteilhafterweise auf die Rohre eine komprimierbare rückfedernde Schicht, vorzugsweise eine Silikatfasermatte, zum Schutz der Keramikschaumdämmung vor Rissen aufgrund der Wärmeausdehnung der Rohre aufgebracht sein. Die äußere Schutzhülle kann beispielsweise aus Blech gefertigt sein und eine Dicke von ca. 0,3 mm aufweisen. Die Krümmerrohre können aus Edelstahl mit Wandstärken von 1 bis 2 mm bestehen.The task is using an exhaust manifold for automobiles one surrounding the single-walled manifold pipes at a distance Protective cover released, leaving the space between the manifold pipes and the protective cover with a heat-insulating material is filled out. The thermal insulation material also absorbs Infrared radiation, so that the outside temperature of the invention Exhaust manifold is very low. Through the single wall Execution of the pipes has the exhaust manifold according to the invention a relatively light weight and is relatively simple and inexpensive to manufacture. Depending on the geometry of the exhaust manifold and the number of manifolds is using Components manufactured by internal high pressure forming possible. The single-walled tubes completely take over the load-bearing ones Function. The surrounding protective cover is only supposed to do that Thermal insulation material against mechanical and chemical damage protect. Particularly suitable as thermal insulation material Way a ceramic foam. The outer protective cover can serve as a limitation for the foaming process. Using a hardening ceramic foam as thermal insulation material can advantageously be a compressible on the pipes resilient layer, preferably a silicate fiber mat, for Protection of ceramic foam insulation from cracks due to thermal expansion of the pipes. The outer protective cover can for example be made of sheet metal and a thickness of about 0.3 mm. The manifold pipes can be made of stainless steel exist with wall thicknesses of 1 to 2 mm.

Nachfolgend wird ein bevorzugtes Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Abgaskrümmers anhand der Zeichnung näher erläutert. A preferred embodiment of a Exhaust manifold according to the invention with reference to the drawing explained.

Die einzige Figur zeigt eine schematische perspektivische Ansicht eines Ausführungsbeispieles eines erfindungsgemäßen Abgaskrümmers 10. Der dargestellte Abgaskrümmer 10 wird von drei einwandig ausgebildeten Rohren 11, 12 und 13 gebildet, die mittels eines Flansches 14 an einem nicht näher dargestellten Motorblock 15 angeschlossen sind, und die zu einem gemeinsamen Rohr 16 zusammengeführt werden, das in eine Abgasanlage 17 mündet. Die drei Rohre 11, 12 und 13 sind von einer dünnen Schutzhülle 18 aus Blech umgeben. Zwischen der Schutzhülle 18 und den Rohren 11, 12 und 13 sowie zwischen den einzelnen Rohren 11, 12, 13 ist ein wärmedämmendes Material 19 angeordnet, das vorzugsweise ein Keramikschaum sein kann. In der Zeichnung ist die Schutzhülle 18 sowie das wärmedämmende Material 19 bereichsweise aufgeschnitten dargestellt, so daß die Rohre 11, 12, 13 und das um die Rohre 11, 12, 13 angeordnete wärmedämmende Material 19 sowie die umgebende Schutzhülle 18 in ihrer gegenseitigen Anordnung deutlich zu erkennen sind.The single figure shows a schematic perspective view an embodiment of an inventive Exhaust manifold 10. The illustrated exhaust manifold 10 is from formed three-walled tubes 11, 12 and 13, which by means of a flange 14 on a not shown Engine block 15 are connected, and the one common pipe 16 are merged into an exhaust system 17 flows. The three tubes 11, 12 and 13 are of one thin protective cover 18 surrounded by sheet metal. Between the protective cover 18 and the tubes 11, 12 and 13 and between the individual Pipes 11, 12, 13 is a heat-insulating material 19 arranged, which can preferably be a ceramic foam. In the drawing is the protective cover 18 and the heat insulating Material 19 shown partially cut open so that the tubes 11, 12, 13 and that arranged around the tubes 11, 12, 13 Insulating material 19 and the surrounding protective cover 18 clearly recognizable in their mutual arrangement are.

Der dargestellte Abgaskrümmer 10 ist lediglich beispielhaft. Er kann auch mehr als drei Rohre sowie eine andere Geometrie aufweisen. Wesentlich ist lediglich die einwandige Ausführung der abgasführenden Rohre 11 bis 13, die in einigem Abstand zu den Rohren 11 bis 13 angeordnete Schutzhülle 18 und das dazwischen angeordnete wärmedämmende Material, das dafür sorgt, daß die Außentemperatur der Schutzhülle 18 gering ist.The illustrated exhaust manifold 10 is only an example. It can also have more than three tubes as well as a different geometry exhibit. Only the single-walled design is essential the exhaust pipes 11 to 13, which are at some distance the tubes 11 to 13 arranged protective cover 18 and the in between arranged thermal insulation material which ensures that the outside temperature of the protective cover 18 is low.

Claims (6)

Abgaskrümmer (10) für Kraftfahrzeuge mit einer die einwandigen Krümmerrohre (11, 12, 13) mit Abstand umgebenden Schutzhülle (18), wobei der Zwischenraum zwischen den Krümmerrohren (11, 12, 13) und der Schutzhülle (18) mit einem wärmedämmenden Material (19) ausgefüllt ist.Exhaust manifold (10) for motor vehicles with a single wall Manifold pipes (11, 12, 13) surrounding them at a distance Protective cover (18), the space between the Manifold pipes (11, 12, 13) and the protective cover (18) with a thermal insulation material (19) is filled. Abgaskrümmer nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das wärmedämmende Material (19) ein Keramikschaum ist.Exhaust manifold according to claim 1, characterized in that the heat-insulating material (19) is a ceramic foam. Abgaskrümmer nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß auf die Rohre (11, 12, 13) eine komprimierbare, rückfedernde Schicht, vorzugsweise eine Silikatfasermatte, zum Schutz der Keramikschaumdämmung (19) vor Rissen aufgrund der Wärmeausdehnung der Rohre (11, 12, 13) aufgebracht ist.Exhaust manifold according to claim 2, characterized in that on the tubes (11, 12, 13) a compressible, resilient Layer, preferably a silicate fiber mat, for Protection of the ceramic foam insulation (19) against cracks due to the thermal expansion of the pipes (11, 12, 13) applied is. Abgaskrümmer nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schutzhülle (18) aus Blech gefertigt ist.Exhaust manifold according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that that the protective cover (18) made of sheet metal is. Abgaskrümmer nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Krümmerrohre (11, 12, 13) aus Edelstahl gefertigt sind und Wandstärken von 1 bis 2 mm aufweisen. Exhaust manifold according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that that the manifold pipes (11, 12, 13) made of stainless steel are manufactured and have wall thicknesses of 1 to 2 mm. Abgaskrümmer nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Dicke der Schutzhülle (18) ca. 0,3 mm beträgt.Exhaust manifold according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the thickness of the protective cover (18) is approx. Is 0.3 mm.
EP97110948A 1997-03-29 1997-07-02 Exhaust manifold for motor vehicles Withdrawn EP0867605A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE19713332 1997-03-29
DE1997113332 DE19713332A1 (en) 1997-03-29 1997-03-29 Exhaust manifolds for automobiles

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2860266A1 (en) * 2003-09-26 2005-04-01 Faurecia Sys Echappement EXHAUST PIPE AND MOTOR PROPELLER GROUP COMPRISING IT
EP1921287A1 (en) * 2006-10-31 2008-05-14 Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha Vehicle
EP2410148A1 (en) * 2010-07-22 2012-01-25 J. Eberspächer GmbH & Co. KG Exhaust gas assembly
CN102748113A (en) * 2011-04-21 2012-10-24 J·埃贝斯佩歇合资公司 Exhaust system component

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102006012365B4 (en) * 2006-03-17 2014-02-13 Man Diesel & Turbo Se Exhaust pipe system for multi-cylinder gas and diesel engines
DE102013101634B4 (en) * 2012-11-08 2015-11-26 Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh Exhaust manifold and method for producing an exhaust manifold

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2058918A (en) * 1979-09-06 1981-04-15 Zeuna Staerker Kg I c engine exhaust manifold construction
JPS58104318A (en) * 1981-12-14 1983-06-21 Toyota Motor Corp Adiabatic exhaust pipe
DE3333591A1 (en) * 1983-09-16 1985-03-28 Daimler-Benz Ag, 7000 Stuttgart Exhaust-carrying component
DE3720714A1 (en) * 1987-06-23 1989-01-05 Gruenzweig & Hartmann Montage Thermal insulation system for embedded components carrying hot gases in internal combustion engines
DE3721608A1 (en) * 1987-06-30 1989-01-12 Klifa Gmbh & Co Exhaust manifold
US4884400A (en) * 1984-11-29 1989-12-05 Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. Exhaust manifold of internal combustion engine
US5400830A (en) * 1992-11-12 1995-03-28 Ford Motor Company Composite automotive exhaust pipe

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DE4203998A1 (en) * 1992-02-12 1993-08-19 H K O Isolier Und Textiltechni Heat protective sleeve for IC engine exhaust manifold - uses heat insulating material impregnated with water glass solution to produce bending-resistant shaped bodies.

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2058918A (en) * 1979-09-06 1981-04-15 Zeuna Staerker Kg I c engine exhaust manifold construction
JPS58104318A (en) * 1981-12-14 1983-06-21 Toyota Motor Corp Adiabatic exhaust pipe
DE3333591A1 (en) * 1983-09-16 1985-03-28 Daimler-Benz Ag, 7000 Stuttgart Exhaust-carrying component
US4884400A (en) * 1984-11-29 1989-12-05 Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. Exhaust manifold of internal combustion engine
DE3720714A1 (en) * 1987-06-23 1989-01-05 Gruenzweig & Hartmann Montage Thermal insulation system for embedded components carrying hot gases in internal combustion engines
DE3721608A1 (en) * 1987-06-30 1989-01-12 Klifa Gmbh & Co Exhaust manifold
US5400830A (en) * 1992-11-12 1995-03-28 Ford Motor Company Composite automotive exhaust pipe

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Title
ABTHOFF J: "DER NEUE ZWOELFZYLINDER-MOTOR FUER DIE NEUE MERCEDES-BENZ S -KLASSE", MTZ MOTORTECHNISCHE ZEITSCHRIFT, vol. 52, no. 4, 1 April 1991 (1991-04-01), pages 156 - 160, 163 - 164, 166 - 168, XP000207874 *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 007, no. 207 (M - 242) 13 September 1983 (1983-09-13) *

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2860266A1 (en) * 2003-09-26 2005-04-01 Faurecia Sys Echappement EXHAUST PIPE AND MOTOR PROPELLER GROUP COMPRISING IT
WO2005031130A1 (en) * 2003-09-26 2005-04-07 Faurecia Systemes D'echappement Exhaust line and power train comprising same
EP1921287A1 (en) * 2006-10-31 2008-05-14 Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha Vehicle
US8136352B2 (en) 2006-10-31 2012-03-20 Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha Cover member for plural exhaust pipes
EP2410148A1 (en) * 2010-07-22 2012-01-25 J. Eberspächer GmbH & Co. KG Exhaust gas assembly
US8783414B2 (en) 2010-07-22 2014-07-22 Eberspächer Exhaust Technology GmbH & Co. KG Exhaust system
CN102748113A (en) * 2011-04-21 2012-10-24 J·埃贝斯佩歇合资公司 Exhaust system component
EP2514939A3 (en) * 2011-04-21 2012-12-12 J. Eberspächer GmbH & Co. KG Waste gas assembly components with thermal isolation
CN102748113B (en) * 2011-04-21 2014-12-24 J·埃贝斯佩歇合资公司 Exhaust system component

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