EP0862019B1 - Method and device for thermal treatment of fly ash from grate incinerators - Google Patents

Method and device for thermal treatment of fly ash from grate incinerators Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0862019B1
EP0862019B1 EP97810110A EP97810110A EP0862019B1 EP 0862019 B1 EP0862019 B1 EP 0862019B1 EP 97810110 A EP97810110 A EP 97810110A EP 97810110 A EP97810110 A EP 97810110A EP 0862019 B1 EP0862019 B1 EP 0862019B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ash
high temperature
temperature region
dust
incineration furnace
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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EP97810110A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0862019A1 (en
Inventor
Bruno Carcer
John Millard
Verena Dr. Schmidt
Adrian Dr. Selinger
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Martin GmbH fuer Umwelt und Energietechnik
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Alstom SA
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Publication date
Application filed by Alstom SA filed Critical Alstom SA
Priority to ES97810110T priority Critical patent/ES2191163T3/en
Priority to DK97810110T priority patent/DK0862019T3/en
Priority to EP97810110A priority patent/EP0862019B1/en
Priority to DE59709100T priority patent/DE59709100D1/en
Priority to JP10045022A priority patent/JPH10246416A/en
Priority to NO19980843A priority patent/NO314673B1/en
Publication of EP0862019A1 publication Critical patent/EP0862019A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0862019B1 publication Critical patent/EP0862019B1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/002—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor characterised by their grates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/08—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating
    • F23G5/14—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion
    • F23G5/16—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion in a separate combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/32—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor the waste being subjected to a whirling movement, e.g. cyclonic incinerators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2202/00—Combustion
    • F23G2202/10—Combustion in two or more stages
    • F23G2202/104—Combustion in two or more stages with ash melting stage
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2202/00—Combustion
    • F23G2202/10—Combustion in two or more stages
    • F23G2202/106—Combustion in two or more stages with recirculation of unburned solid or gaseous matter into combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2209/00—Specific waste
    • F23G2209/30—Solid combustion residues, e.g. bottom or flyash
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J2217/00—Intercepting solids
    • F23J2217/10—Intercepting solids by filters
    • F23J2217/102—Intercepting solids by filters electrostatic

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of waste incineration. It concerns a Method and device for thermal treatment of aerosols and optionally fine ash from rust burning plants.
  • the exhaust goes through a post combustion for CO and a rapid cooling with water and a lot of air, especially the new formation of toxic organic compounds to prevent.
  • Deposited metal chlorides are resublimated and placed on a Bag filter deposited. This heavy metal concentrate can be smelted.
  • the AshArc oven is designed for very high throughput, it is possible the fine fraction of the grate ash (about 8% of the waste used) together with the filter ash from the particle separation of the flue gas cleaning (about 2.5% from the waste used).
  • a disadvantage of this prior art is that an external furnace unit built which is 100% externally heated. Besides, that's it resulting glassy product not part of the grate ash.
  • the invention seeks to avoid all these disadvantages. It's up to you underlying a method and apparatus for thermal treatment of Airborne dusts and, if appropriate, fine ash from waste incineration plants develop with those in a simple way and at a low cost Product is produced, which slammed either the grate ash or can be recycled separately and thus reduces the remaining fly ash amount becomes.
  • this is achieved by using a method according to the preamble of claim 1 at least a portion of the fly ash in the High temperature range of the combustion furnace is metered back, the Temperature in the said high temperature range above the melting temperature or sintering temperature of the flue dust, and that the flue dust in the high temperature range of the incinerator linger sufficiently long so that they at least partially glazed or sintered. These products can then the slaughtered ash or used separately.
  • a device in a device according to the preamble of Claim 13 achieved in that the ash conveyor to close the high-temperature region of the incinerator that extends the ash conveyor there a metering device for introducing at least one Part of the returned fly ash in the high temperature range of the incinerator is downstream and that in the high temperature range of the incinerator Means for ensuring a sufficient residence time of the ash are arranged.
  • the advantages of the invention include, inter alia, the elimination of the separate High-temperature combustion chamber or the external furnace unit, the previously Melting of the fly ash were necessary. This can save costs become.
  • the product can be added to the grate ash, so that the remaining fly ash amount with high pollutant content compared to Prior art is reduced.
  • Another advantage of the invention is existing systems can be easily retrofitted.
  • the flue dust After discharge from the boiler or the dust filter system first in a low-emission and a high-pollutant fraction are separated and only the Low-emission fraction of flue dust in the high-temperature area of the incinerator is returned because it produces a low-emission product and the risks of corrosion problems due to increased concentrations Heavy metals in the boiler area can be reduced.
  • the fly ash after discharge from the boiler with advantage or the Staubabscheidestrom with the fine fraction ( ⁇ 2 mm) of the example DryEx / DryRec process (dry discharge and dry sorting) prepared Rostasche mixed and then this mixture in the High temperature range of the incinerator is returned. That has that Advantage that the pollutant-rich fraction of the grate ash are treated specifically can.
  • the melting properties, eg. Viscosity, Melting temperature which improves liquid slag, and it becomes a dry, however hardly produced dusty bottom ash.
  • Fig. 1 shows schematically a waste incineration plant according to a first embodiment the invention.
  • the waste incineration plant consists essentially of a combustion furnace 1, a boiler 2 and a Staubabscheidestrom 3, z. B. an electrostatic precipitator, are downstream.
  • combustion furnace 1 a combustion grate 4 is arranged, on the garbage 5, for example, household waste, with supply of primary air 6 in the primary combustion chamber 7 is burned.
  • the combustion takes place in the secondary combustion chamber 8 further completed due to supply of secondary air 9.
  • atmospheric dusts 10 which are mixed with the flue gas 11 via the primary combustion chamber 7, the secondary combustion chamber 8, the radiation train 12 and the contact trains 13 of the boiler 2 in the boiler 2 and in the filter. 3 to be shipped.
  • the airborne dusts 10 will be on the boiler tube walls and the E-filter plates not shown here deposited.
  • the Dust 10 of an ash conveyor 14 preferably a trough chain conveyor, a pneumatic conveyor or a screw conveyor, fed.
  • the ash conveyor 14 extends close to the high temperature range of the incinerator 1.
  • the ash conveyor 14 is a Metering device 15, z. B. a plug screw or a piston pump, connected downstream.
  • the entire discharged dust particles 10 are in this first Embodiment of the invention on the ash conveyor 14, optionally with the addition of additives 16, for example water or melting point-lowering Substances fed to the metering device 15.
  • the additives 16 are mixed Dust 10 dosed into the high temperature range of the incinerator. 1 was added to the ash (flue dust 10) before returning to the furnace 1 water, this is how the already cooling effect of the recirculated ash comes to the fore the surrounding refractory bricks of the incinerator 1 still reinforced. In order to a contribution to corrosion reduction is made. As can be clearly seen in Fig. 1 is the flue dust 10 in this first embodiment in the primary combustion chamber 7 returned.
  • the Fly dust 10 in the high temperature range of the secondary combustion chamber 8 due (see Fig. 2). It is crucial that in this area the temperature is higher than the melting temperature or the sintering temperature of the fly ash 10 or the mixture of aerosols 10 and additives 16, and that the residence time the flue dusts 10 or of the mixture of flue dusts 10 and additives 16 is so large in this high temperature region of the incinerator 2, that a glazing or sintering at least a portion of the fly ash 10th takes place. It is particularly favorable if the entire portion of the returned Product is melted or sintered. Should not the temperatures can be sufficient, via support burner 17 (not shown here), by means of Oil, gas or waste operation are operated, fed an additional amount of heat become.
  • Means 18 arranged to ensure a sufficient residence time of the ash.
  • These means 18 may, for example, gutters, crucibles, harassment and or Plates, but also specially shaped refractory bricks.
  • the products resulting from the glazing / sintering slammed the grate ash 19, either dry or over a water bath wet is discharged from the combustion furnace 1.
  • the dry discharge is It is important that the ash emptying an airtight completion of the firebox forms, which ensures in conventional systems by a water locks is.
  • the grate ash 19 is then known per se methods, for. Legs Dry sorting, further processed.
  • Fig. 2 shows a second embodiment of the invention. It differs from the first embodiment only in that the flue dusts 10 after their Discharge from the boiler 2 and the filter 3 via the ash conveyor 14 in one Bunker 20 stored, then transported to a pelletizing plant 21 and then the pelletized flue dusts 10, if necessary again mixed with additives 16, in the high temperature region of the secondary combustion chamber 8 metered introduced.
  • the schematically indicated in Fig. 2 external temperature source 17 (burner, burner lance) can the secondary combustion chamber 8 additional heat energy. This will be in everyone Ensures a temperature above the melting or sintering temperature the flue dusts 10 or of the mixture of flue dusts 10 and additives 16, so that the melting / sintering of the ash is supported.
  • Fig. 5 shows a possible embodiment of the high-temperature region in the primary combustion chamber 7 and arranged in the secondary combustion chamber 8 Means 18 to ensure a sufficient residence time of the flue dusts 10.
  • the plug screw 15 is here a channel 18 downstream, in which the flue dusts 10 so long under high temperature conditions that they can at least partly melt and vitrify or sinter and these products then the grate ash 19 can be slammed or be recycled separately.
  • Fig. 6 shows a further embodiment.
  • the combustion chamber 7.8 a Nachbrennraum 26 downstream, which is designed so that the molten Ash 25 can be discharged separately from the bottom ash 19.
  • a mixture or a single fraction of ash (boiler ash, Filter ash, fine fraction of the bottom ash) with or without the addition of additives 16 in the combustion chamber 7, 8 or the afterburner 26 are returned.
  • Another advantage of this design is the ability to overflow the dust the nozzles for the secondary air 9 and / or tertiary air 24 in the hot area due. Moreover, by means of a non-concentric transition between the combustion chamber and the afterburner 26 and / or by tangential Injection of the secondary air 9 or the tertiary air 24 in the afterburner 26th a vortex flow is generated in the afterburner 26. The vortex leads to a better separation of the ash particles on the walls of the afterburner 26.
  • the recycled ash, which by means of the secondary air 9 or the Tertiary air 24 is introduced into the afterburner 26, is against the walls thrown, where caused by the very high temperatures ash flow arises.
  • the molten ash 25 flows the walls of the high temperature afterburner 26 down and will have a specially attached Device 27 away from afterburner 26.

Description

Technisches GebietTechnical area

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf das Gebiet der Abfallverbrennung. Sie betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zur thermischen Behandlung von Flugstäuben und gegebenenfalls Feinaschen aus Rostverbrennungsanlagen.The invention relates to the field of waste incineration. It concerns a Method and device for thermal treatment of aerosols and optionally fine ash from rust burning plants.

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Zur thermischen Behandlung von Abfall/Müll ist eine Vielzahl von Verfahren bekannt, bei denen der Müll vergast, verschwelt oder verbrannt wird. Die dabei entstehenden festen Reaktionsprodukte können in unterschiedlicher Weise, z. B. thermisch, weiterbehandelt und die nicht mehr verwertbaren Produkte anschliessend deponiert werden. Dabei sollen die zu deponierenden Flugaschemengen möglichst gering sein, weil diese einen hohen Anteil an Schwermetallen aufweisen.For the thermal treatment of waste / garbage a variety of methods are known where the garbage is gassed, verschwelt or burned. The resulting solid reaction products can in different ways, for. B. thermally, further treated and the non-usable products afterwards be deposited. In this case, the fly ash quantities to be landfilled should To be as low as possible, because they have a high proportion of heavy metals.

So ist beispielsweise aus DE 38 11 820 A1 ein Verfahren bekannt, bei dem Müll in einem Pyrolysereaktor in Schwelgas und in im wesentlichen nicht-flüchtige Pyrolysereststoffe umgewandelt wird. Das Schwelgas wird anschliessend einer separaten Nachbrennkammer zugeführt, ebenso wie der Feinanteil (Schwelkoks und Feinstaub) der Reststoffe und die in der Staubfilteranlage bzw. im Abhitzedampferzeuger anfallende Flugasche (Staub). Der Flugstaub und die Feinanteile werden in dieser Hochtemperaturkammer verbrannt und die festen Anteile aufgeschmolzen. Die schmelzflüssige Schlacke wird dann aus der Brennkammer in einen Wasserbehälter geleitet, wo sie zu einem glasartigen Granulat erstarrt.For example, from DE 38 11 820 A1 a method is known in which waste in a pyrolysis reactor in carbonization and substantially non-volatile pyrolysis is converted. The carbonization gas is then a separate Subsequent combustion chamber fed, as well as the fine fraction (coke and Fine dust) of the residues and in the dust filter unit or in the heat recovery steam generator accumulating fly ash (dust). The flue dust and the fines will be burned in this high temperature chamber and melted the solid portions. The molten slag is then removed from the combustion chamber passed a water tank, where it solidifies into a glassy granules.

Eine solche Lösung erfordert jedoch eine Aufbereitung des verschwelten Materials und eine separate Nachbrennkammer, was sich in einem erhöhten Platzbedarf und in hohen Kosten äussert.However, such a solution requires a treatment of the swelled material and a separate afterburning chamber, resulting in an increased footprint and expresses in high cost.

Das trifft auch auf die in EP 0 446 888 B1 beschriebenen Verbrennungs-Schmelz-Anlage zur Stadtmüllentsorgung zu. Dort ist dem Verbrennungsofen ein Schmelzofen zum Schmelzen der Asche aus dem Verbrennungsofen nachgeschaltet, wobei die Asche über einen Trockenförderer zum Schmelzofen transportiert wird. Über spezielle Düsen wird zusätzlich Filterstaub aus dem Staubabscheider in den Schmelzofen eingebracht, so dass im Schmelzofen Asche aus dem Verbrennungsofen und Flugstaub aus dem Staubabscheider gemeinsam geschmolzen werden.This also applies to the combustion-melting plant described in EP 0 446 888 B1 to the garbage disposal too. There is a furnace to the incinerator followed by melting of the ash from the incinerator, wherein the ash is transported via a dry conveyor to the smelting furnace. In addition, filter dust from the dust collector is added via special nozzles Furnace introduced, so that in the furnace ash from the incinerator and flue dust from the dust collector melted together become.

Eine weitere Möglichkeit, die Flugaschemenge zu reduzieren, besteht z. B. darin, bei Müllverbrennungsanlagen dem Verbrennungsprozess Ascheschmelzanlagen Off-Line nachzuschalten. Ein derartiges Verfahren ist in F.-G. Simon und K.-H. Andersson:"In-Rec-Verfahren- Verwertung von Reststoffen aus der thermischen Abfallbehandlung", ABB Technik 9/1995, S. 15-20, beschrieben. Die Feinfraktion der Rostasche wird bei diesem, AshArc-Prozess genannten, Verfahren gemeinsam mit der Filterasche in einem Gleichstrom-Lichtbogenofen geschmolzen. Durch die hohen Temperaturen werden organische Verbindungen sofort zersetzt. Metallchloride werden abgedampft, und Schwermetallverbindungen werden zum Element reduziert und sinken dann entweder in das Metallbad und bilden so eine Legierung, oder sie verlassen den Ofen in gasförmigem Zustand. Das Abgas durchläuft eine Nachverbrennung für CO und eine Schnellkühlung mit Wasser und viel Luft, um vor allem die Neubildung von toxischen organischen Verbindungen zu verhindern. Abgedampfte Metallchloride resublimieren und werden auf einem Schlauchfilter abgeschieden. Dieses Schwermetallkonzentrat lässt sich verhütten.Another way to reduce the fly ash quantity, z. In it, at waste incineration plants the combustion process ash melting plants Downstream off-line. Such a method is described in F.-G. Simon and K.-H. Andersson: "In-rec-process recovery of residual materials from the thermal Waste Treatment ", ABB Technique 9/1995, pp. 15-20 The grate ash is common in this process, called AshArc process melted with the filter ash in a DC arc furnace. Due to the high temperatures organic compounds are immediately decomposed. Metal chlorides are evaporated and heavy metal compounds become Element then reduced or sink then either in the metal bath and form such a Alloy, or they leave the furnace in gaseous state. The exhaust goes through a post combustion for CO and a rapid cooling with water and a lot of air, especially the new formation of toxic organic compounds to prevent. Deposited metal chlorides are resublimated and placed on a Bag filter deposited. This heavy metal concentrate can be smelted.

Da der AshArc-Ofen für sehr grosse Durchsatzmengen konzipiert ist, ist es möglich, die Feinfraktion der Rostasche (ca. 8% vom eingesetzten Abfall) zusammen mit der Filterasche aus der Partikelabscheidung der Rauchgasreinigung (ca. 2,5% vom eingesetzten Abfall) zu behandeln.Because the AshArc oven is designed for very high throughput, it is possible the fine fraction of the grate ash (about 8% of the waste used) together with the filter ash from the particle separation of the flue gas cleaning (about 2.5% from the waste used).

Nachteilig an diesem Stand der Technik ist, dass ein externes Ofenaggregat gebaut werden muss, welches zu 100% fremdbeheizt ist. Ausserdem ist das dabei entstehende glasartige Produkt nicht Bestandteil der Rostasche.A disadvantage of this prior art is that an external furnace unit built which is 100% externally heated. Besides, that's it resulting glassy product not part of the grate ash.

Darstellung der ErfindungPresentation of the invention

Die Erfindung versucht, alle diese Nachteile zu vermeiden. Ihr liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zur thermischen Behandlung von Flugstäuben und gegebenenfalls Feinaschen aus Müllverbrennunganlagen zu entwickeln, mit denen auf einfache Art und Weise und mit geringen Kosten ein Produkt erzeugt wird, welches entweder der Rostasche zugeschlagen oder aber separat verwertet werden kann und somit die verbleibende Flugaschemenge reduziert wird.The invention seeks to avoid all these disadvantages. It's up to you underlying a method and apparatus for thermal treatment of Airborne dusts and, if appropriate, fine ash from waste incineration plants develop with those in a simple way and at a low cost Product is produced, which slammed either the grate ash or can be recycled separately and thus reduces the remaining fly ash amount becomes.

Erfindungsgemäss wird dies dadurch erreicht, dass bei einem Verfahren gemäss dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 zumindestens ein Teil der Flugstäube in den Hochtemperaturbereich des Verbrennungsofen dosiert zurückgeführt wird, wobei die Temperatur im besagten Hochtemperaturbereich oberhalb der Schmelztemperatur bzw. Sintertemperatur der Flugstäube liegt, und dass die Flugstäube im Hochtemperaturbereich des Verbrennungsofens ausreichend lange verweilen, so dass sie zumindestens zum Teil verglast oder gesintert werden. Diese Produkte können anschliessend der Rostasche zugeschlagen oder separat verwertet werden.According to the invention, this is achieved by using a method according to the preamble of claim 1 at least a portion of the fly ash in the High temperature range of the combustion furnace is metered back, the Temperature in the said high temperature range above the melting temperature or sintering temperature of the flue dust, and that the flue dust in the high temperature range of the incinerator linger sufficiently long so that they at least partially glazed or sintered. These products can then the slaughtered ash or used separately.

Erfindungsgemäss wird dies bei einer Vorrichtung gemäss dem Oberbegriff des Anspruches 13 dadurch erreicht, dass sich die Ascheförderanlage bis nahe an den Hochtemperaturbereich des Verbrennungsofens erstreckt, dass der Ascheförderanlage dort eine Dosiereinrichtung zur Einbringung zumindestens eines Teils der rückgeführten Flugstäube in den Hochtemperaturbereich des Verbrennungsofens nachgeschaltet ist und dass im Hochtemperaturbereich des Verbrennungsofens Mittel zur Gewährleistung einer ausreichenden Verweilzeit der Asche angeordnet sind.This is according to the invention in a device according to the preamble of Claim 13 achieved in that the ash conveyor to close the high-temperature region of the incinerator that extends the ash conveyor there a metering device for introducing at least one Part of the returned fly ash in the high temperature range of the incinerator is downstream and that in the high temperature range of the incinerator Means for ensuring a sufficient residence time of the ash are arranged.

Die Vorteile der Erfindung bestehen unter anderem im Wegfall der separaten Hochtemperaturbrennkammer bzw. des externen Ofenaggregates, die bisher zur Schmelzung der Flugasche notwendig waren. Dadurch können Kosten gespart werden. Das Produkt kann der Rostasche zugeschlagen werden, so dass die verbleibende Flugaschemenge mit hohem Schadstoffanteil im Vergleich zum Stand der Technik verringert wird. Ein weiterer Vorteil der Erfindung besteht darin, dass bestehende Anlagen problemlos nachgerüstet werden können.The advantages of the invention include, inter alia, the elimination of the separate High-temperature combustion chamber or the external furnace unit, the previously Melting of the fly ash were necessary. This can save costs become. The product can be added to the grate ash, so that the remaining fly ash amount with high pollutant content compared to Prior art is reduced. Another advantage of the invention is existing systems can be easily retrofitted.

Es ist besonders zweckmässig, wenn die gesamte Menge der Flugstäube in den Hochtemperaturbereich des Verbrennungsofens zurückgeführt wird, weil auf diese Weise ein Produkt entsteht, dass nicht als Sonderabfall deponiert werden muss.It is particularly useful if the total amount of dust in the air High temperature range of the incinerator is attributed to this A product is created that does not have to be dumped as hazardous waste.

Ferner ist es vorteilhaft, wenn im Falle einer nur teilweisen Rückführung der Flugstäube in den Hochtemperaturbereich des Verbrennungsofens die Flugstäube nach dem Austrag aus dem Kessel bzw. der Staubfilteranlage zunächst in eine schadstoffarme und eine schadstoffreiche Fraktion getrennt werden und nur die schadstoffarme Fraktion der Flugstäube in den Hochtemperaturbereich des Verbrennungsofens zurückgeführt wird, weil dabei ein schadstoffarmes Produkt entsteht und die Risiken von Korrosionsproblemen durch erhöhte Konzentrationen an Schwermetallen im Kesselbereich verringert werden.Furthermore, it is advantageous if in the case of only partial recycling of the flue dusts in the high temperature area of the incinerator the flue dust After discharge from the boiler or the dust filter system first in a low-emission and a high-pollutant fraction are separated and only the Low-emission fraction of flue dust in the high-temperature area of the incinerator is returned because it produces a low-emission product and the risks of corrosion problems due to increased concentrations Heavy metals in the boiler area can be reduced.

Schliesslich werden mit Vorteil die Flugstäube nach dem Austrag aus dem Kessel bzw. der Staubabscheideanlage mit der Feinfraktion (< 2 mm) der beispielsweise nach dem DryEx/DryRec-Verfahren (trockener Ausstrag und trockene Sortierung) aufbereiteten Rostasche gemischt und diese Mischung anschliessend in den Hochtemperaturbereich des Verbrennungsofens zurückgeführt wird. Das hat den Vorteil, dass die schadstoffreiche Fraktion der Rostasche gezielt behandelt werden kann. Gleichzeitig werden die Schmelzeigenschaften, z. B. Viskosität, Schmelztemperatur, der flüssigen Schlacke verbessert, und es wird eine trockene, jedoch kaum staubende Rostasche erzeugt.Finally, the fly ash after discharge from the boiler with advantage or the Staubabscheideanlage with the fine fraction (<2 mm) of the example DryEx / DryRec process (dry discharge and dry sorting) prepared Rostasche mixed and then this mixture in the High temperature range of the incinerator is returned. That has that Advantage that the pollutant-rich fraction of the grate ash are treated specifically can. At the same time the melting properties, eg. Viscosity, Melting temperature, which improves liquid slag, and it becomes a dry, however hardly produced dusty bottom ash.

Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in den weiteren Unteransprüchen beschrieben.Further advantageous embodiments of the invention are in the further subclaims described.

Kurze Beschreibung der ZeichnungShort description of the drawing

In der Zeichnung sind mehrere Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung dargestellt.In the drawing, several embodiments of the invention are shown.

Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine schematische Darstellung einer erfindungsgemässen Müllverbrennungsanlage nach einem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel, bei welchem die Gesamtmenge der Flugstäube in die Primärbrennkammer zurückgeführt wird;
Fig. 2
eine schematische Darstellung einer erfindungsgemässen Müllverbrennungsanlage nach einem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel, bei welchem die Gesamtmenge der Flugstäube nach Zwischenlagerung und Pelletiesierung in die Sekundärbrennkammer zurückgeführt wird;
Fig. 3
eine schematische Darstellung einer erfindungsgemässen Müllverbrennungsanlage nach einem dritten Ausführungsbeispiel, bei welchem nur ein Teil der Flugstäube in die Primärbrennkammer zurückgeführt wird;
Fig. 4
eine schematische Darstellung einer erfindungsgemässen Müllverbrennungsanlage nach einem vierten Ausführungsbeispiel, bei welchem die Flugstäube gemeinsam mit der Feinfraktion der Rostasche in die Primärbrennkammer zurückgeführt werden;
Fig. 5
ein Detail des Hochtemperaturbereiches des Ofens mit einer speziellen Ausführungsform eines Mittels zur Gewährleistung einer für die rückgeführten Flugstäube ausreichenden Verweilzeit in diesem Bereich;
Fig. 6
eine schematische Darstellung einer erfindungsgemässen Müllverbrennungsanlage nach einem fünften Ausführungsbeispiel, bei welchem die geschmolzene Asche separat von der Rostasche ausgetragen wird.
Show it:
Fig. 1
a schematic representation of an inventive refuse incineration plant according to a first embodiment, in which the total amount of flue dust is returned to the primary combustion chamber;
Fig. 2
a schematic representation of an inventive refuse incineration plant according to a second embodiment, in which the total amount of flue dust is returned after intermediate storage and pelletizing in the secondary combustion chamber;
Fig. 3
a schematic representation of an inventive waste incineration plant according to a third embodiment, in which only a portion of the flue dust is returned to the primary combustion chamber;
Fig. 4
a schematic representation of an inventive refuse incineration plant according to a fourth embodiment, in which the flue dusts are returned together with the fine fraction of the grate ash in the primary combustion chamber;
Fig. 5
a detail of the high-temperature region of the furnace with a specific embodiment of a means for ensuring a sufficient residence time for the recycled dust particles in this area;
Fig. 6
a schematic representation of an inventive refuse incineration plant according to a fifth embodiment, in which the molten ash is discharged separately from the grate ash.

Es sind nur die für das Verständnis der Erfindung wesentlichen Elemente gezeigt. Die Strömungsrichtung der Arbeitsmittel ist mit Pfeilen bezeichnet.Only the elements essential to the understanding of the invention are shown. The flow direction of the working means is indicated by arrows.

Weg zur Ausführung der ErfindungWay to carry out the invention

Nachfolgend wird die Erfindung anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen und der Figuren 1 bis 6 näher erläutert. The invention will be described below with reference to embodiments and the figures 1 to 6 explained in more detail.

Fig. 1 zeigt schematisch eine Müllverbrennungsanlage nach einem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung.Fig. 1 shows schematically a waste incineration plant according to a first embodiment the invention.

Die Müllverbrennungsanlage besteht im wesentlichen aus einem Verbrennungsofen 1, dem ein Kessel 2 und eine Staubabscheideanlage 3, z. B. ein Elektrofilter, nachgeschaltet sind. Im Verbrennungsofen 1 ist ein Verbrennungsrost 4 angeordnet, auf dem der Müll 5, beispielsweise Hausmüll, unter Zufuhr von Primärluft 6 in der Primärbrennkammer 7 verbrannt wird. Die Verbrennung wird in der Sekundärbrennkammer 8 infolge Zufuhr von Sekundärluft 9 weiter vervollständigt. Bei der Verbrennung des Hausmülls entstehen Flugstäube 10, die mit dem Rauchgas 11 über die Primärbrennkammer 7, die Sekundärbrennkammer 8, den Strahlungszug 12 und die Berührungszüge 13 des Kessels 2 in den Kessel 2 und in den Filter 3 verfrachtet werden. Die Flugstäube 10 (Kesselasche und Flugasche) werden an den hier nicht dargestellten Kesselrohrwänden und den E-Filterplatten abgeschieden. Nach einer Klopfung werden über hier ebenfalls nicht dargestellte Austragsvorrichtungen, wie beispielsweise Zellradschleussen oder Doppelklappen, die Flugstäube 10 einer Ascheförderanlage 14, vorzugsweise einem Trogkettenförderer, einem pneumatischen Förderer oder einer Förderschnecke, zugeführt. Erfindungsgemäss erstreckt sich die Ascheförderanlage 14 bis nahe an den Hochtemperaturbereich des Verbrennungsofens 1. Dort ist der Ascheförderanlage 14 eine Dosiereinrichtung 15, z. B. eine Stopfschnecke oder eine Kolbenpumpe, nachgeschaltet. Die gesamten ausgetragenen Flugstäube 10 werden in diesem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung über die Ascheförderanlage 14, gegebenenfalls unter Zugabe von Additiven 16, beispielsweise Wasser oder schmelzpunkterniedrigende Substanzen, der Dosiereinrichtung 15 zugeführt.The waste incineration plant consists essentially of a combustion furnace 1, a boiler 2 and a Staubabscheideanlage 3, z. B. an electrostatic precipitator, are downstream. In combustion furnace 1, a combustion grate 4 is arranged, on the garbage 5, for example, household waste, with supply of primary air 6 in the primary combustion chamber 7 is burned. The combustion takes place in the secondary combustion chamber 8 further completed due to supply of secondary air 9. In the Combustion of domestic waste is generated by atmospheric dusts 10, which are mixed with the flue gas 11 via the primary combustion chamber 7, the secondary combustion chamber 8, the radiation train 12 and the contact trains 13 of the boiler 2 in the boiler 2 and in the filter. 3 to be shipped. The airborne dusts 10 (boiler ash and fly ash) will be on the boiler tube walls and the E-filter plates not shown here deposited. After a knocking are not shown here also discharge devices, such as Zellradschleussen or double flaps, the Dust 10 of an ash conveyor 14, preferably a trough chain conveyor, a pneumatic conveyor or a screw conveyor, fed. According to the invention the ash conveyor 14 extends close to the high temperature range of the incinerator 1. There, the ash conveyor 14 is a Metering device 15, z. B. a plug screw or a piston pump, connected downstream. The entire discharged dust particles 10 are in this first Embodiment of the invention on the ash conveyor 14, optionally with the addition of additives 16, for example water or melting point-lowering Substances fed to the metering device 15.

Über die Einrichtung 15 gelangen die gegebenenfalls mit Additiven 16 gemischten Flugstäube 10 dosiert in den Hochtemperaturbereich des Verbrennungsofens 1. Wurde der Asche (Flugstäube 10) vor der Rückführung in den Ofen 1 Wasser zugegeben, so wird der ohnehin schon kühlende Effekt der rückgeführten Asche auf die umgebenden Feuerfeststeine des Verbrennungsofens 1 noch verstärkt. Damit wird ein Beitrag zur Korrosionsminderung geleistet. Wie in Fig. 1 gut zu erkennen ist, wird der Flugstaub 10 bei diesem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel in die Primärbrennkammer 7 zurückgeführt.Via the device 15, if appropriate, the additives 16 are mixed Dust 10 dosed into the high temperature range of the incinerator. 1 Was added to the ash (flue dust 10) before returning to the furnace 1 water, this is how the already cooling effect of the recirculated ash comes to the fore the surrounding refractory bricks of the incinerator 1 still reinforced. In order to a contribution to corrosion reduction is made. As can be clearly seen in Fig. 1 is the flue dust 10 in this first embodiment in the primary combustion chamber 7 returned.

Selbstverständlich ist es in einem anderen Ausführungsbeispiel auch möglich, die Flugstäube 10 in den Hochtemperaturbereich der Sekundärbrennkammer 8 zurückzuführen (vgl. Fig. 2). Entscheidend ist, dass in diesem Bereich die Temperatur höher ist als die Schmelztemperatur bzw. die Sintertemperatur der Flugstäube 10 bzw. des Gemisches aus Flugstäuben 10 und Additiven 16, und dass die Verweilzeit der Flugstäube 10 bzw. des Gemisches aus Flugstäuben 10 und Additiven 16 in diesem Hochtemperaturbereich des Verbrennungsofens 2 so gross ist, dass eine Verglasung bzw. Sinterung zumindestens eines Teils der Flugstäube 10 stattfindet. Besonders günstig ist es, wenn der gesamte Anteil des zurückgeführten Produktes geschmolzen bzw. gesintert wird. Sollten die Temperaturen nicht ausreichend sein, kann über Stützbrenner 17 (hier nicht dargestellt), die mittels Öl-, Gas- oder Abfallbetrieb betrieben werden, eine zusätzliche Wärmemenge zugeführt werden.Of course, it is also possible in another embodiment, the Fly dust 10 in the high temperature range of the secondary combustion chamber 8 due (see Fig. 2). It is crucial that in this area the temperature is higher than the melting temperature or the sintering temperature of the fly ash 10 or the mixture of aerosols 10 and additives 16, and that the residence time the flue dusts 10 or of the mixture of flue dusts 10 and additives 16 is so large in this high temperature region of the incinerator 2, that a glazing or sintering at least a portion of the fly ash 10th takes place. It is particularly favorable if the entire portion of the returned Product is melted or sintered. Should not the temperatures can be sufficient, via support burner 17 (not shown here), by means of Oil, gas or waste operation are operated, fed an additional amount of heat become.

Im Hochtemperaturbereich des Verbrennungsofens 1 sind erfindungsgemäss Mittel 18 zur Gewährleistung einer ausreichenden Verweilzeit der Asche angeordnet. Diese Mittel 18 können beispielsweise Rinnen, Tiegel, Schikanen und oder Platten sein, aber auch speziell geformte Feuerfeststeine.In the high temperature range of the incinerator 1 are according to the invention Means 18 arranged to ensure a sufficient residence time of the ash. These means 18 may, for example, gutters, crucibles, harassment and or Plates, but also specially shaped refractory bricks.

Anschliessend werden die bei der Verglasung/Sinterung entstandenen Produkte der Rostasche 19 zugeschlagen, die entweder trocken oder über ein Wasserbad nass aus dem Verbrennungsofen 1 ausgetragen wird. Beim trockenen Austrag ist es wichtig, dass der Ascheaustrag einen luftdichten Abschluss des Feuerraumes bildet, was bei herkömmlichen Anlagen durch eine Wasserschleusse gewährleistet ist. Die Rostasche 19 wird dann über an sich bekannte Verfahren, z. B. eine Trockensortierung, weiter aufbereitet.Subsequently, the products resulting from the glazing / sintering slammed the grate ash 19, either dry or over a water bath wet is discharged from the combustion furnace 1. When the dry discharge is It is important that the ash emptying an airtight completion of the firebox forms, which ensures in conventional systems by a water locks is. The grate ash 19 is then known per se methods, for. Legs Dry sorting, further processed.

Fig. 2 zeigt ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung. Es unterscheidet sich vom ersten Ausführungsbeispiel nur darin, dass die Flugstäube 10 nach ihrem Austrag aus dem Kessel 2 und dem Filter 3 über die Ascheförderanlage 14 in einem Bunker 20 zwischengelagert, dann in eine Pelletiesierungsanlage 21 transportiert werden und anschliessend die pelletisierten Flugstäube 10, gegebenenfalls wiederum mit Additiven 16 gemischt, in den Hochtemperaturbereich der Sekundärbrennkammer 8 dosiert eingebracht werden. Die in Fig. 2 schematisch angedeutete externe Temperaturquelle 17 (Brenner, Brennerlanze) kann der Sekundärbrennkammer 8 zusätzlich Wärmeenergie zuführen. Dadurch wird in jedem Falle eine Temperatur gewährleistet, die oberhalb der Schmelz- oder Sintertemperatur der Flugstäube 10 bzw. des Gemisches aus Flugstäuben 10 und Additiven 16 liegt, so dass das Ausschmelzen/Sintern der Asche unterstützt wird.Fig. 2 shows a second embodiment of the invention. It differs from the first embodiment only in that the flue dusts 10 after their Discharge from the boiler 2 and the filter 3 via the ash conveyor 14 in one Bunker 20 stored, then transported to a pelletizing plant 21 and then the pelletized flue dusts 10, if necessary again mixed with additives 16, in the high temperature region of the secondary combustion chamber 8 metered introduced. The schematically indicated in Fig. 2 external temperature source 17 (burner, burner lance) can the secondary combustion chamber 8 additional heat energy. This will be in everyone Ensures a temperature above the melting or sintering temperature the flue dusts 10 or of the mixture of flue dusts 10 and additives 16, so that the melting / sintering of the ash is supported.

Bei dem in Fig. 3 dargestellten dritten Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung wird nur ein Teil der aus dem Kessel 2 und der Staubabscheideanlage 3 ausgetragenen Flugstäube 10 in den Hochtemperaturbereich der Primärbrennkammer 7 zurückgeführt. Vor der Einbringung in die Brennkammer 7 gelangt der Flugstaub 10 in eine Trennkammer 22, in der die Flugstäube 10 in eine schadstoffarme Fraktion 10.1 und in eine schadstoffreiche Fraktion 10.2 getrennt werden. Nur die schadstoffarme Fraktion 10.1 wird über die Ascheförderanlage 14 und die Dosiereinrichtung 15 in den Hochtemperaturbereich des Verbrennungsofens 1 zurückgeführt und nach Verglasung der Rostasche 19 zugeschlagen.In the third embodiment of the invention shown in Fig. 3 is only a part of the discharged from the boiler 2 and 3 Staubabscheideanlage Flugstäube 10 returned to the high temperature region of the primary combustion chamber 7. Before being introduced into the combustion chamber 7, the flue dust 10 enters a separation chamber 22 in which the flue dusts 10 in a low-emission fraction 10.1 and be separated into a pollutant-rich fraction 10.2. Only the low-emission Fraction 10.1 is via the ash conveyor 14 and the metering device 15 returned to the high temperature region of the incinerator 1 and slammed 19 after glazing the Rostasche.

In Fig. 4 ist ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung schematisch abgebildet, das sich von dem in Fig. 1 beschriebenen ersten Ausführungsbeispiel nur dadurch unterscheidet, dass die Flugstäube 10 nach Austrag aus dem Kessel 2 und dem Filter 3 gemeinsam mit einer Fraktion der Rostasche 19.1, die kleiner 2 mm ist und in der Sortieranlage 23 vom Rest der Rostasche 19.2 getrennt wurde (z. B. bei ca. 2 mm Korngrösse), in den Hochtemperaturbereich des Verbrennungsofens 1 zurückgeführt werden.4, an embodiment of the invention is shown schematically, the from the first embodiment described in Fig. 1 only thereby differs that the flue dusts 10 after discharge from the boiler 2 and the Filter 3 together with a fraction of the Rostasche 19.1, which is smaller than 2 mm and was separated from the rest of the bottom ash 19.2 in the sorting plant 23 (eg at about 2 mm particle size), in the high temperature range of the incinerator 1 be returned.

Fig. 5 zeigt eine mögliche Ausgestaltungsform der im Hochtemperaturbereich in der Primärbrennkammer 7 bzw. in der Sekundärbrennkammer 8 angeordneten Mittel 18 zur Gewährleistung einer ausreichenden Verweilzeit der Flugstäube 10. Der Stopfschnecke 15 ist hier eine Rinne 18 nachgeschaltet, in der die Flugstäube 10 so lange unter Hochtemperaturbedingungen verweilen können, dass sie zumindestens zum Teil aufschmelzen und verglasen bzw. versintern und diese Produkte anschliessend der Rostasche 19 zugeschlagen werden können oder aber separat verwertet werden.Fig. 5 shows a possible embodiment of the high-temperature region in the primary combustion chamber 7 and arranged in the secondary combustion chamber 8 Means 18 to ensure a sufficient residence time of the flue dusts 10. The plug screw 15 is here a channel 18 downstream, in which the flue dusts 10 so long under high temperature conditions that they can at least partly melt and vitrify or sinter and these products then the grate ash 19 can be slammed or be recycled separately.

Fig. 6 zeigt ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel. Dort ist dem Feuerraum 7,8 ein Nachbrennraum 26 nachgeschaltet, der so gestaltet ist, dass die geschmolzene Asche 25 separat von der Rostasche 19 ausgetragen werden kann. Wie bei den bereits oben beschriebenen Ausführungsbeispielen können auch bei dieser Art der Ausführung ein Gemisch oder eine einzelne Fraktion der Asche (Kesselasche, Filterasche, Feinfraktion der Rostasche) mit oder ohne Zusatz von Additiven 16 in den Feuerraum 7,8 oder den Nachbrennraum 26 zurückgeführt werden.Fig. 6 shows a further embodiment. There is the combustion chamber 7.8 a Nachbrennraum 26 downstream, which is designed so that the molten Ash 25 can be discharged separately from the bottom ash 19. Like the Embodiments already described above can also in this type execution of a mixture or a single fraction of ash (boiler ash, Filter ash, fine fraction of the bottom ash) with or without the addition of additives 16 in the combustion chamber 7, 8 or the afterburner 26 are returned.

Ein weiterer Vorteil dieser Ausführung besteht in der Möglichkeit, den Staub über die Düsen für die Sekundärluft 9 und/oder Tertiärluft 24 in den heissen Bereich zurückzuführen. Ausserdem kann mittels eines nicht konzentrischen Übergangs zwischen dem Feuerraum und dem Nachbrennraum 26 und/oder durch tangentiale Eindüsung der Sekundärluft 9 oder der Tertiärluft 24 in den Nachbrennraum 26 eine Vortex-Strömung im Nachbrennraum 26 erzeugt werden. Der Vortex führt zu einer besseren Abscheidung der Aschepartikel an den Wänden des Nachbrennraumes 26. Die rückgeführte Asche, welche mittels der Sekundärluft 9 oder der Tertiärluft 24 in den Nachbrennraum 26 eingeführt wird, wird gegen die Wände geschleudert, wo ein durch die sehr hohen Temperaturen bedingter Ascheschmelzfluss entsteht. Die geschmolzene Asche 25 fliesst die Wände des Hochtemperaturnachbrennraumes 26 hinunter und wird über eine speziell dafür angebrachte Einrichtung 27 vom Nachbrennraum 26 entfernt.Another advantage of this design is the ability to overflow the dust the nozzles for the secondary air 9 and / or tertiary air 24 in the hot area due. Moreover, by means of a non-concentric transition between the combustion chamber and the afterburner 26 and / or by tangential Injection of the secondary air 9 or the tertiary air 24 in the afterburner 26th a vortex flow is generated in the afterburner 26. The vortex leads to a better separation of the ash particles on the walls of the afterburner 26. The recycled ash, which by means of the secondary air 9 or the Tertiary air 24 is introduced into the afterburner 26, is against the walls thrown, where caused by the very high temperatures ash flow arises. The molten ash 25 flows the walls of the high temperature afterburner 26 down and will have a specially attached Device 27 away from afterburner 26.

BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

11
Verbrennungsofenincinerator
22
Kesselboiler
33
Staubabscheiderdust collector
44
Verbrennungsrostcombustion grate
55
Müllrubbish
66
Primärluftprimary air
77
Primärbrennkammerprimary combustion chamber
88th
Sekundärbrennkammersecondary combustion chamber
99
Sekundärluftsecondary air
1010
Flugstaub
(10.1 schadstoffarme Fraktion von Pos. 10)
(10.2 schadstoffreiche Fraktion von Pos 10)fly ash
(10.1 low-emission fraction of item 10)
(10.2 pollutant-rich fraction of item 10)
1111
Rauchgasflue gas
1212
Strahlungszug von Pos. 2Radiation train of Pos. 2
1313
Berührungszug von Pos. 2Touch cable from Pos. 2
1414
AscheförderanlageAsh handling system
1515
Dosiereinrichtungmetering
1616
Additiveadditives
1717
Stützbrennersupporting burner
1818
Mittel zur Gewährleistung einer ausreichenden Verweilzeit der FlugstäubeMeans for ensuring a sufficient residence time of the fly ash
1919
Rostasche
(19.1 Fraktion 1 von Pos. 19)
(19.2 Fraktion 2 von Pos. 19)bottom ash
(19.1 Fraction 1 of pos. 19)
(19.2 Fraction 2 of pos. 19)
2020
Bunkerbunker
2121
Pelletisierungsanlagepelletizer
2222
Trennkammerseparation chamber
2323
Sortieranlagesorting
2424
Tertiärlufttertiary air
2525
geschmolzene Aschemolten ash
2626
Nachbrennraumsecondary combustion
2727
Einrichtung zum Austrag von Pos. 25 aus Pos. 26Device for the discharge of pos. 25 from pos. 26

Claims (16)

  1. Method for the thermal treatment of fly dust (10) and, if appropriate, parts of the grate ash (19) from rubbish incineration plants, in which the rubbish is burnt on an incineration grate (4) in an incineration furnace (1), flue gas (11) which contains grate ash (19) and fly dust (10) being obtained, the grate ash (19) is drawn off from the incineration furnace (1) having a primary (7) and a secondary (8) combustion chamber and is conditioned further, and the fly dust (10) settling in a following boiler (2) and in a following dust filter system (3) is discharged and at least part of the fly dust (10) is melted or sintered, characterized in that at least part of the fly dust (10) is returned into the high temperature region of the incineration furnace (1) by metering, the temperature in said high temperature region being above the melting temperature or sintering temperature of the fly dust (10), and in that at least a part of the fly dust (10) dwells for a sufficiently long time in the high temperature region of the incineration furnace (1), so that it is at least partially vitrified or sintered.
  2. Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that the fly dust (10) vitrified or sintered in the high temperature region of the incineration furnace (1) is subsequently added to the grate ash (19).
  3. Method according to Claim 1 or Claim 2, characterized in that the total quantity of fly dust (10) is returned into the high temperature region of the incineration furnace (1).
  4. Method according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the fly dust (10) is returned into the high temperature region of the primary combustion chamber (7).
  5. Method according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that. the fly dust (10) is returned into the high temperature region of the secondary combustion chamber (8).
  6. Method according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, in the case of partial return of the fly dust (10) into the high temperature region of the incineration furnace (2), the fly dust (10), after being discharged from the boiler (2) or the dust filter system (3), is first separated into a low-pollutant fraction (10.1) and a high-pollutant fraction (10.2) and only the low-pollutant fraction (10.1) of the fly dust (10) is returned into the high temperature region of the incineration furnace (1).
  7. Method according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that heat is additionally supplied to the high temperature region of the incineration furnace (1) via a supporting burner (17).
  8. Method according to one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the fly dust (10), after being discharged from the boiler (2) or the dust separation system (3), is mixed with a fraction 19.1 of the conditioned grate ash (19), preferably < 2 mm, and this mixture is subsequently returned into the high temperature region of the incineration furnace (1).
  9. Method according to one of Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the fly dust (10), after being discharged from the boiler (2) or the dust separation system (3), is transported by means of an ash conveying system (14), optionally being intermediately stored, pelletized and/or moistened, and is subsequently introduced, metered, into the high temperature region of the incineration furnace (1) via suitable means (18).
  10. Method according to one of Claims 1 to 9, characterized in that additives. (16), preferably water and/or substances lowering the melting point, are admixed before the fly dust (10) or the mixture of fly dust (10) and the fine fraction of grate ash (19) is introduced into the high temperature region of the incineration furnace (1).
  11. Method according to one of Claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the ash returned into the high temperature region of the incineration furnace (1) is introduced into the primary combustion chamber (7) or the postcombustion space (26) by means of the injection of secondary air and/or tertiary air.
  12. Method according to one of Claims 1 to 11, characterized in that a vortex flow of the flue gases (11) is generated in the postcombustion space (26).
  13. Apparatus for the thermal treatment of fly dust (10) and, if appropriate, parts of the grate ash (19) from rubbish incineration plants, essentially consisting of an incineration furnace (1) possessing a primary (7) and a secondary (8) combustion chamber and having an incineration grate (4) and a discharge device for slag and grate ash (19), a boiler (2) following the incineration furnace (1) and having radiation (12) and contact (13) flues, and a dust separation system (3) following the boiler (2), discharge devices for the fly dust (10) being arranged on the boiler (2) and on the dust separation system (3), and said discharge devices being assigned to an ash conveying system (14), characterized in that
    a) the ash conveying system (14) extends near to the high temperature region of the incineration furnace,
    b) the ash conveying system (14) is followed there by a metering means (15) for introducing at least part of the returned fly dust (10) into the high temperature region of the incineration furnace (1), and
    c) means (18) for ensuring a sufficient dwell time of the ash are arranged in the high temperature region of the incineration furnace (1).
  14. Apparatus according to Claim 13, characterized in that a troughed chain conveyor, a pneumatic conveyor or a conveying worm is used as an ash conveying system (14).
  15. Apparatus according to Claim 13, characterized in that a packing worm or a piston pump is used as a metering means (15).
  16. Apparatus according to Claim 13, characterized in that gutters, crucibles, baffles and/or plates are used as means (18) for ensuring a sufficient dwell time of the ash in the high temperature region of the incineration furnace (1).
EP97810110A 1997-02-28 1997-02-28 Method and device for thermal treatment of fly ash from grate incinerators Expired - Lifetime EP0862019B1 (en)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES97810110T ES2191163T3 (en) 1997-02-28 1997-02-28 PROCEDURE AND DEVICE FOR THE THERMAL TREATMENT OF VOLATILE POWDER PROCEDURES OF GRINDING INCINERATION FACILITIES.
DK97810110T DK0862019T3 (en) 1997-02-28 1997-02-28 Method and device for the thermal treatment of fly ash from grate incinerators
EP97810110A EP0862019B1 (en) 1997-02-28 1997-02-28 Method and device for thermal treatment of fly ash from grate incinerators
DE59709100T DE59709100D1 (en) 1997-02-28 1997-02-28 Process and device for the thermal treatment of aerosols from rust-burning plants
JP10045022A JPH10246416A (en) 1997-02-28 1998-02-26 Method and apparatus and thermally treating fly dust originating in grate-firing equipment
NO19980843A NO314673B1 (en) 1997-02-28 1998-02-27 Method and apparatus for the thermal treatment of fly dust from grate incinerators

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP97810110A EP0862019B1 (en) 1997-02-28 1997-02-28 Method and device for thermal treatment of fly ash from grate incinerators

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EP0862019A1 EP0862019A1 (en) 1998-09-02
EP0862019B1 true EP0862019B1 (en) 2003-01-08

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EP (1) EP0862019B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH10246416A (en)
DE (1) DE59709100D1 (en)
DK (1) DK0862019T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2191163T3 (en)
NO (1) NO314673B1 (en)

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DE10213789B4 (en) * 2002-03-27 2006-04-20 Martin GmbH für Umwelt- und Energietechnik Process for the treatment of combustion residues of a combustion plant
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JP3795022B2 (en) * 2002-03-27 2006-07-12 三菱重工業株式会社 Method for improving the characteristics of combustion residues produced in a combustion plant and method for treating the residues
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EP1647770A2 (en) 2004-10-14 2006-04-19 MARTIN GmbH für Umwelt- und Energietechnik Method of influencing the properties of incineration residues of an incineration plant
DE102004050098A1 (en) * 2004-10-14 2006-04-20 Martin GmbH für Umwelt- und Energietechnik Method for influencing the properties of combustion residues
DE102004050098B4 (en) * 2004-10-14 2007-05-31 Martin GmbH für Umwelt- und Energietechnik Combustion plant, in particular waste incineration plant
US7640872B2 (en) 2004-10-14 2010-01-05 Martin GmbH für Umwelt- und Energietechnik Process for influencing the properties of combustion residue

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NO980843L (en) 1998-08-31
NO314673B1 (en) 2003-04-28
JPH10246416A (en) 1998-09-14
ES2191163T3 (en) 2003-09-01
DE59709100D1 (en) 2003-02-13
EP0862019A1 (en) 1998-09-02
DK0862019T3 (en) 2003-04-22
NO980843D0 (en) 1998-02-27

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