EP0857529A1 - Metallic tubes and method and apparatus for their production - Google Patents

Metallic tubes and method and apparatus for their production Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0857529A1
EP0857529A1 EP98400079A EP98400079A EP0857529A1 EP 0857529 A1 EP0857529 A1 EP 0857529A1 EP 98400079 A EP98400079 A EP 98400079A EP 98400079 A EP98400079 A EP 98400079A EP 0857529 A1 EP0857529 A1 EP 0857529A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tubes
casting
metal
blank
mandrel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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EP98400079A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Jean-Pierre Del Gobbo
Jacques Hubert
Edouard Serruys
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Cfei (compagnie Francaise D'electrothermie Industrielle)
Le Bronze Industriel SA
Original Assignee
Cfei (compagnie Francaise D'electrothermie Industrielle)
Le Bronze Industriel SA
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Publication date
Application filed by Cfei (compagnie Francaise D'electrothermie Industrielle), Le Bronze Industriel SA filed Critical Cfei (compagnie Francaise D'electrothermie Industrielle)
Publication of EP0857529A1 publication Critical patent/EP0857529A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/006—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths of tubes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to metal tubes and their manufacturing processes and facilities.
  • the eccentricity i.e. the variation of the thickness measured in different points of a tube circumference, is large and commonly reached 20%.
  • the invention overcomes this drawback by making it possible to obtain a batch of metal tubes in which, for all the tubes in the batch and at some point of a tube whatsoever, the ratio of the difference between the thickness of the wall of the tube at this point and the average wall thickness of the tubes at the thickness average tube wall is less than 7% and commonly attains only 5%.
  • tubes made of copper alloy use may in particular be made of tubes made of copper alloy.
  • copper alloy mention may be made of cupro-nickel with nickel content varying from 5 to 35%, cupro-tin with tin content varying from 5 to 9%, special alloys such as cupro-nickel silicon, cuproberyllium and cupro-cobalt beryllium. The percentages are expressed by weight.
  • the invention also relates to an installation for manufacturing tubes metallic as defined in claim 3.
  • the process illustrated in Figure 1 consists in melting, in a first stage, metal 1 in a tank 2.
  • metal 1 in a tank 2.
  • this metal 1 in a casting machine 3 so as to obtain a blank 4 tubular in the form of a hollow billet.
  • we stretch the hollow bill 4 in a drawing bench 5 so as to stretch the tube 6 Cold.
  • the tube 6 can then be treated if desired in an oven 7 of heat treatment.
  • FIG. 2 The installation according to the invention is shown in Figures 2 and 3. It consists of a casting tool, shown in Figure 2, and a set of cold drawing and heat treatment, shown in Figure 3.
  • a graphite core called mandrel 14 which is engaged in the opening of the bottom of the reservoir 12.
  • the liquid metal is gradually solidified between the mold 13 and the mandrel 14 in the transition zone T.
  • An extraction system 18 ensures the draft 17 is drawn through casting tools.
  • An electronic assembly allows the adjustment of the draft parameters.
  • the entire cold draft and heat treatment consists, on the one hand, a shrinking machine which allows a reduction of one end of the blank, on the other hand, of a bench or drawing press.
  • the blank 17 is mounted on an internal shape 21 called a ball or mandrel.
  • the constricted end of the blank extended by an extension 23 or faux-silk is introduced into a die 22, the false silk 23 protruding is hooked by a jaw system 24 on a carriage 25.
  • the carriage 25 driven by a chain or a piston 26 pulls the blank between the die 22 and the ball 21.
  • An annealing furnace or cell allows annealing after the drawing operation recrystallization of the blank 17.
  • the shrinking machine - cold drawing - annealing cycle is repeated from two to n times, depending on the dimensions to be achieved.
  • the blanks obtained have a temperature at the outlet of the ingot mold from 990 ° C. Their length is 2200 mm. They are free from defects, their ovalization is ⁇ 0.5%.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)
  • Metal Extraction Processes (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)

Abstract

The metal tubes e.g. copper alloys are obtained by continuous or semi-continuous gravity casting of a tube blank and then the cold drawing of this blank. Also claimed is an installation for the manufacture of the tubes, comprising (a) a set of equipment for casting the tube blank consisting of a reservoir (12) for liquid metal with an opening in its bottom in which a mandrel (14) is engaged, a mould (13) in which the metal is solidified, an electromagnetic stirring annulus (15), a cooling annulus (16) and an extraction system (18) and (b) a cold drawing and heat treatment assembly made up of a drawing machine, a drawing bench and a reheating furnace.

Description

La présente invention se rapporte aux tubes métalliques et à leurs procédés et installations de fabrication.The present invention relates to metal tubes and their manufacturing processes and facilities.

Le procédé traditionnel de fabrication de tubes sans soudure en alliage de cuivre associe à la coulée d'ébauches pleines le filage à chaud d'ébauches creuses puis l'étirage à froid de ces ébauches suivi de traitements thermiques.The traditional process for manufacturing seamless alloy tubes of copper associated with the casting of solid blanks the hot spinning of blanks hollow then cold drawing of these blanks followed by heat treatments.

L'excentration, c'est-à-dire la variation de l'épaisseur mesurée en différents points d'une circonférence du tube, est grande et atteint couramment 20%.The eccentricity, i.e. the variation of the thickness measured in different points of a tube circumference, is large and commonly reached 20%.

Il en va de même au US-A-5 279 353 où l'on coule en continu ou en semi-continu une ébauche tubulaire et où on l'étire ensuite.The same goes for US-A-5,279,353, where one flows continuously or in semi-continuous a tubular blank and where it is then stretched.

L'invention pallie cet inconvénient, en permettant d'obtenir un lot de tubes métalliques dans lequel, pour tous les tubes du lot et en quelque point d'un tube que ce soit, le rapport de la différence entre l'épaisseur de la paroi du tube en ce point et l'épaisseur moyenne de la paroi des tubes à l'épaisseur moyenne de la paroi des tubes est inférieure à 7% et atteint couramment seulement 5%.The invention overcomes this drawback by making it possible to obtain a batch of metal tubes in which, for all the tubes in the batch and at some point of a tube whatsoever, the ratio of the difference between the thickness of the wall of the tube at this point and the average wall thickness of the tubes at the thickness average tube wall is less than 7% and commonly attains only 5%.

On y parvient par un procédé de fabrication de tubes métalliques tel que défini à la revendication 2.This is achieved by a method of manufacturing metal tubes such as defined in claim 2.

En procédant ainsi, on obtient un état de surface exempt de défauts, une structure cristallographique non sensible à la décohésion et une épaisseur de paroi très constante.By doing so, we obtain a surface condition free of defects, a crystallographic structure not sensitive to decohesion and a thickness very constant wall.

Comme tubes métalliques, on peut faire appel notamment à des tubes en alliage de cuivre. Comme alliage de cuivre, on peut citer les cupro-nickel avec teneur en nickel variant de 5 à 35%, les cupro-étain avec teneur en étain variant de 5 à 9%, les alliages spéciaux tels cupro-nickel silicium, cuprobéryllium et cupro-cobalt béryllium. Les pourcentages sont exprimés en poids.As metal tubes, use may in particular be made of tubes made of copper alloy. As copper alloy, mention may be made of cupro-nickel with nickel content varying from 5 to 35%, cupro-tin with tin content varying from 5 to 9%, special alloys such as cupro-nickel silicon, cuproberyllium and cupro-cobalt beryllium. The percentages are expressed by weight.

L'invention vise également une installation de fabrication de tubes métalliques telle que définie à la revendication 3.The invention also relates to an installation for manufacturing tubes metallic as defined in claim 3.

Au dessin annexé, donné uniquement à titre d'exemple :

  • la figure 1 illustre un procédé de fabrication de tubes suivant l'invention,
  • la figure 2 est une vue en coupe d'un outillage de coulée de l'installation suivant l'invention, et
  • la figure 3 est une vue en coupe du banc à étirer de l'installation de fabrication de tubes métalliques suivant l'invention.
    • In the attached drawing, given solely by way of example:
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a method of manufacturing tubes according to the invention,
  • FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a casting tool for the installation according to the invention, and
  • Figure 3 is a sectional view of the bench to stretch the installation of manufacturing metal tubes according to the invention.

    • Le procédé illustré à la figure 1 consiste à faire fondre, dans un premier stade, du métal 1 dans un réservoir 2. Dans un second stade, on verse ce métal 1 dans une machine de coulée 3 de manière à obtenir une ébauche 4 tubulaire sous la forme d'une billette creuse. Au stade suivant du procédé, on étire la billette 4 creuse dans un banc 5 d'étirage de manière à étirer le tube 6 à froid. On peut ensuite traiter le tube 6 si on le souhaite dans un four 7 de traitement thermique.The process illustrated in Figure 1 consists in melting, in a first stage, metal 1 in a tank 2. In a second stage, we pour this metal 1 in a casting machine 3 so as to obtain a blank 4 tubular in the form of a hollow billet. In the next stage of the process, we stretch the hollow bill 4 in a drawing bench 5 so as to stretch the tube 6 Cold. The tube 6 can then be treated if desired in an oven 7 of heat treatment.

    L'installation suivant l'invention est représentée aux figures 2 et 3. Elle se compose d'un outillage de coulée, représenté à la figure 2, et d'un ensemble d'étirage à froid et de traitement thermique, représenté à la figure 3.The installation according to the invention is shown in Figures 2 and 3. It consists of a casting tool, shown in Figure 2, and a set of cold drawing and heat treatment, shown in Figure 3.

    L'outillage de coulée est constituée

  • d'un réservoir de métal liquide 12 dénommé four de maintien dans lequel le métal liquide 11 préalablement fondu puis mis à la nuance est maintenu à une température de coulée.
  • d'un tube en graphite appelé lingotière 13 qui est emmanchée dans deux éléments superposés :
    • anneau de brassage électromagnétique 15 permettant de maítriser la température du métal dans la zone de transition du liquide au solide,
    • anneau de refroidissement 16.
    • The casting tool is made up
  • a liquid metal reservoir 12 called the holding furnace in which the liquid metal 11 previously melted and then brought to nuance is maintained at a casting temperature.
  • a graphite tube called ingot mold 13 which is fitted into two superimposed elements:
    • electromagnetic stirring ring 15 making it possible to control the temperature of the metal in the zone of transition from liquid to solid,
    • cooling ring 16.

    • D'un noyau en graphite appelé mandrin 14 qui est engagé dans l'ouverture du fond du réservoir 12. Le métal liquide est progressivement solidifié entre la lingotière 13 et le mandrin 14 dans la zone de transition T.A graphite core called mandrel 14 which is engaged in the opening of the bottom of the reservoir 12. The liquid metal is gradually solidified between the mold 13 and the mandrel 14 in the transition zone T.

    Un système d'extraction 18 assure le tirage de l'ébauche 17 à travers l'outillage de coulée. An extraction system 18 ensures the draft 17 is drawn through casting tools.

    Un ensemble électronique permet le réglage des paramètres de tirage.An electronic assembly allows the adjustment of the draft parameters.

    L'ensemble du tirage à froid et de traitement thermique est constitué, d'une part, d'une machine à rétreindre qui permet une réduction d'une extrémité de l'ébauche, d'autre part, d'un banc ou presse à étirer.The entire cold draft and heat treatment consists, on the one hand, a shrinking machine which allows a reduction of one end of the blank, on the other hand, of a bench or drawing press.

    L'ébauche 17 est montée sur une forme intérieure 21 appelée boulet ou mandrin.The blank 17 is mounted on an internal shape 21 called a ball or mandrel.

    L'extrémité rétreinte de l'ébauche prolongée d'une allonge 23 ou fausse-soie est introduite dans une filière 22, la fausse-soie 23 dépassante est accrochée par un système de mors 24 sur un chariot 25. Le chariot 25 entraíné par une chaíne ou un piston 26 tire l'ébauche entre la filière 22 et le boulet 21.The constricted end of the blank extended by an extension 23 or faux-silk is introduced into a die 22, the false silk 23 protruding is hooked by a jaw system 24 on a carriage 25. The carriage 25 driven by a chain or a piston 26 pulls the blank between the die 22 and the ball 21.

    Un four ou cellule de recuit permet après l'opération d'étirage, le recuit de recristallisation de l'ébauche 17.An annealing furnace or cell allows annealing after the drawing operation recrystallization of the blank 17.

    Le cycle machine à rétreindre - étirage à froid - recuit est répété de deux à n fois, en fonction des cotes à réaliser.The shrinking machine - cold drawing - annealing cycle is repeated from two to n times, depending on the dimensions to be achieved.

    Exemple de réalisationExample of realization CouléeCasting

    • Alliage cupro-nickel Cuni10 Fe1Mn élaboré en four de fusion à induction moyenne fréquence avec :
    • Ni = 10,2 %
    • Fe = 1,6 %
    • Mn = 0,8 %
    • Impuretés ≤ 0,10 %
    • Cuivre = reste
    • T°C = 1400°C au basculement du four en poche.
      • Cupro-nickel alloy Cuni10 Fe1Mn developed in medium frequency induction melting furnace with:
    • Ni = 10.2%
    • Fe = 1.6%
    • Mn = 0.8%
    • Impurities ≤ 0.10%
    • Copper = rest
    • T ° C = 1400 ° C when tilting the oven into a pocket.
    • Métal coulé à 1330°C en four de maintien d'une machine de coulée continue verticale :
      • outillage de coulée avec diamètre extérieur 258 mm
              avec diamètre intérieur 232 mm
      • les paramètres de tirage sont :
      • * vitesse moyenne 11 m/h
      • * mouvement de traction go-stop (descente-arrêt)
      • * descente = 3 secondes
      • * arrêt 1,2 s
      • * vitesse instantanée = 15,4 m/h
      • les paramètres de refroidissement sont :
        • débit eau = 2,5 m3/h
        • T° entrée = 23°C
        • T° sortie = 52°C
      • les paramètres de brassage
        • avant remplissage du four 20 KW
        • après et pendant la coulée 100 KW
          fréquence = 2600 HZ
      Metal cast at 1330 ° C in a furnace to maintain a vertical continuous casting machine:
      • casting tools with outside diameter 258 mm
        with internal diameter 232 mm
      • the draft parameters are:
      • * average speed 11 m / h
      • * go-stop traction movement (descent-stop)
      • * descent = 3 seconds
      • * stop 1.2 s
      • * instantaneous speed = 15.4 m / h
      • the cooling parameters are:
        • water flow = 2.5 m 3 / h
        • Inlet temperature = 23 ° C
        • Outlet temperature = 52 ° C
      • brewing parameters
        • before filling the oven 20 KW
        • after and during casting 100 KW
          frequency = 2600 HZ

    Les ébauches obtenues ont une température à la sortie de la lingotière de 990°C. Leur longueur est de 2200 mm. Elles sont exemptes de défauts, leur ovalisation est ≤ 0,5 %.The blanks obtained have a temperature at the outlet of the ingot mold from 990 ° C. Their length is 2200 mm. They are free from defects, their ovalization is ≤ 0.5%.

    Etirage - Traitement thermiqueDrawing - Heat treatment

    • Etirage à froid sur ébauche brute, d'une première passe permettant d'obtenir une ébauche
    • diamètre extérieur = 241,8 mm
    • diamètre intérieur = 224,5 mm
    • longueur = 3020 mm
    • traitement de recuit à 780°C - 1 heure
      • Cold drawing on a rough blank, a first pass to obtain a blank
    • outer diameter = 241.8 mm
    • inner diameter = 224.5 mm
    • length = 3020 mm
    • annealing treatment at 780 ° C - 1 hour
    • Etirage à froid d'une dernière passe sur ébauche recuite permettant d'obtenir un tube de :
    • diamètre extérieur = 218,7 mm
    • diamètre intérieur = 210,8 mm
      • Cold drawing of a last pass on an annealed blank allowing a tube to be obtained:
    • outer diameter = 218.7 mm
    • inner diameter = 210.8 mm

    Celle-ci est soumise à un recuit à 780°C pendant 1 heure pour donner un tube de longueur 6000 mm après chutage des deux extrémités.This is annealed at 780 ° C for 1 hour to give a 6000 mm long tube after falling from both ends.

    Après les contrôles normalisés (pression hydraulique, aspect de surface, ...), les tubes sont exempts de défauts superficiels et le métal présente les caractéristiques mécaniques requises. Un test de soudage démontre l'aptitude au soudage des tubes.After the standardized checks (hydraulic pressure, appearance of surface, ...), the tubes are free from surface defects and the metal has the required mechanical characteristics. Welding test demonstrates the ability to weld tubes.

    La mesure des épaisseurs (E) donne les résultats suivants : Tube n° e théorique (mm) e mini (mm) e maxi (mm) % excentration 1 4 4,06 4,25 4,6 % 2 4 4,07 4,23 4 % 3 4 4,04 4,23 4,8 % The measurement of the thicknesses (E) gives the following results: Tube n ° theoretical e (mm) e mini (mm) e max (mm) % offset 1 4 4.06 4.25 4.6% 2 4 4.07 4.23 4% 3 4 4.04 4.23 4.8%

    Claims (3)

    Lot de tubes métalliques notamment en alliages de cuivre, caractérisé en ce que, pour tous les tubes du lot et en quelque point d'un tube que ce soit, le rapport de la différence entre l'épaisseur de la paroi du tube en ce point et l'épaisseur moyenne de la paroi des tubes-à l'épaisseur moyenne de la paroi des tubes est inférieur à 7%.Lot of metal tubes, in particular copper alloys, characterized in that, for all the tubes of the batch and at some point of a tube whatever, the ratio of the difference between the thickness of the wall of the tube in this point and the average thickness of the wall of the tubes-at the average thickness of the wall of the tubes is less than 7%. Procédé de fabrication de tubes métalliques notamment en alliage de cuivre qui consiste à couler en continu ou en semi continu par gravité une ébauche tubulaire, et à étirer à froid l'ébauche, caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à soumettre l'ébauche tubulaire à un brassage magnétique dans la zone de transition du liquide au solide.Method of manufacturing metallic tubes, in particular of alloy copper which consists in casting continuously or semi-continuously by gravity a tubular blank, and cold drawing the blank, characterized in that it consists to subject the tubular blank to magnetic stirring in the area of transition from liquid to solid. Installation de fabrication de tubes métalliques, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend a) un outillage de coulée d'ébauches tubulaires constitué d'un réservoir (12) à métal liquide dont le fond comporte une ouverture dans laquelle est engagé un mandrin (14) d'une lingotière (13) entourant à distance la partie du mandrin sortant du réservoir (12), en sorte que du métal liquide sortant du réservoir se solidifie dans une zone de transition (T) entre le mandrin (14) et la lingotière (13) d'un anneau de brassage électromagnétique (15) entourant la lingotière (13) à peu près au niveau de la zone de transition (T) d'un anneau de refroidissement (16) entourant la lingotière (13) en-dessous de l'anneau de brassage (15), et d'un système d'extraction (18) destiné à tirer les ébauches de l'outillage de coulée b) un ensemble d'étirage à froid et de traitement thermique constitué d'une machine à rétreindre, d'un banc à étirer (21 à 26), et d'un four de recuit. Installation for manufacturing metal tubes, characterized in that it comprises a) a tool for casting tubular blanks consisting a liquid metal tank (12), the bottom of which has an opening in which a mandrel (14) is engaged an ingot mold (13) surrounding at a distance the part of the mandrel leaving the reservoir (12), so that liquid metal leaving the reservoir solidifies in a transition zone (T) between the mandrel (14) and the ingot mold ( 13) an electromagnetic stirring ring (15) surrounding the mold (13) approximately at the level of the transition zone (T) a cooling ring (16) surrounding the mold (13) below the stirring ring (15), and an extraction system (18) intended to draw the blanks from the casting tool b) a set of cold drawing and heat treatment consisting a shrinking machine, a bench to stretch (21 to 26), and an annealing furnace.
    EP98400079A 1997-02-07 1998-01-16 Metallic tubes and method and apparatus for their production Withdrawn EP0857529A1 (en)

    Applications Claiming Priority (2)

    Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
    FR9701440 1997-02-07
    FR9701440A FR2759309B1 (en) 1997-02-07 1997-02-07 METAL TUBES AND METHOD AND INSTALLATION FOR MAKING SAME

    Publications (1)

    Publication Number Publication Date
    EP0857529A1 true EP0857529A1 (en) 1998-08-12

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    EP (1) EP0857529A1 (en)
    FR (1) FR2759309B1 (en)

    Cited By (4)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    WO2008072787A3 (en) * 2006-12-14 2008-12-04 Cta Technology Proprietary Ltd Manufacturing method for a multi-channel copper tube, and manufacturing apparatus for the tube
    WO2013020241A1 (en) * 2011-08-10 2013-02-14 Madeco S.A. Production of tubes by continuous casting
    CN109127772A (en) * 2018-10-31 2019-01-04 哈尔滨工业大学 A kind of aluminum matrix composite hot extrusion tubing manufacturing method reducing inner surface scratch
    US11179771B2 (en) * 2019-09-20 2021-11-23 Harbin Institute Of Technology Equipment and method of semi-continuous casting optimized by synergistic action of traveling magnetic field and ultrasound wave for thin-walled alloy casting with equal outer diameter

    Citations (5)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    US4000773A (en) * 1976-02-09 1977-01-04 Gus Sevastakis Die assembly for continuous vertical casting of tubular metallic products
    JPS59212146A (en) * 1983-05-16 1984-12-01 Chuetsu Gokin Chuko Kk Horizontal type continuous casting method
    US4616500A (en) * 1985-02-25 1986-10-14 George A. Mitchell Company Method for producing tubing of varying wall thickness
    US5279353A (en) * 1992-06-04 1994-01-18 Nielsen Sr William D Method and apparatus to effect a fine grain size in continuous cast metals
    EP0615794A1 (en) * 1993-02-27 1994-09-21 KM Europa Metal Aktiengesellschaft Method to produce a plug chamber for cascade drawing of tubes and device for carrying out the method

    Patent Citations (5)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    US4000773A (en) * 1976-02-09 1977-01-04 Gus Sevastakis Die assembly for continuous vertical casting of tubular metallic products
    JPS59212146A (en) * 1983-05-16 1984-12-01 Chuetsu Gokin Chuko Kk Horizontal type continuous casting method
    US4616500A (en) * 1985-02-25 1986-10-14 George A. Mitchell Company Method for producing tubing of varying wall thickness
    US5279353A (en) * 1992-06-04 1994-01-18 Nielsen Sr William D Method and apparatus to effect a fine grain size in continuous cast metals
    EP0615794A1 (en) * 1993-02-27 1994-09-21 KM Europa Metal Aktiengesellschaft Method to produce a plug chamber for cascade drawing of tubes and device for carrying out the method

    Non-Patent Citations (1)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Title
    PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 009, no. 084 (M - 371) 13 April 1985 (1985-04-13) *

    Cited By (8)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    WO2008072787A3 (en) * 2006-12-14 2008-12-04 Cta Technology Proprietary Ltd Manufacturing method for a multi-channel copper tube, and manufacturing apparatus for the tube
    EP2202015A1 (en) * 2006-12-14 2010-06-30 Cta Technology (Proprietary) Limited Apparatus for manufacturing a multi-channel copper tube
    US8336604B2 (en) 2006-12-14 2012-12-25 Cta Technology (Proprietary) Limited Manufacturing method for a multi-channel copper tube, and manufacturing apparatus for the tube
    US8869874B2 (en) 2006-12-14 2014-10-28 Cta Technology (Proprietary) Limited Manufacturing method for a multi-channel copper tube, and manufacturing apparatus for the tube
    WO2013020241A1 (en) * 2011-08-10 2013-02-14 Madeco S.A. Production of tubes by continuous casting
    CN109127772A (en) * 2018-10-31 2019-01-04 哈尔滨工业大学 A kind of aluminum matrix composite hot extrusion tubing manufacturing method reducing inner surface scratch
    CN109127772B (en) * 2018-10-31 2019-10-15 哈尔滨工业大学 A kind of aluminum matrix composite hot extrusion tubing manufacturing method reducing inner surface scratch
    US11179771B2 (en) * 2019-09-20 2021-11-23 Harbin Institute Of Technology Equipment and method of semi-continuous casting optimized by synergistic action of traveling magnetic field and ultrasound wave for thin-walled alloy casting with equal outer diameter

    Also Published As

    Publication number Publication date
    FR2759309B1 (en) 1999-03-19
    FR2759309A1 (en) 1998-08-14

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